#!/usr/bin/php -Cq getProcessorCount()) { $iInstances = getProcessorCount(); echo "WARNING: resetting threads to $iInstances\n"; } // Assume we can steal all the cache memory in the box (unless told otherwise) $iCacheMemory = (isset($aCMDResult['osm2pgsql-cache'])?$aCMDResult['osm2pgsql-cache']:getCacheMemoryMB()); if ($iCacheMemory > getTotalMemoryMB()) { $iCacheMemory = getCacheMemoryMB(); echo "WARNING: resetting cache memory to $iCacheMemory\n"; } $aDSNInfo = DB::parseDSN(CONST_Database_DSN); if (!isset($aDSNInfo['port']) || !$aDSNInfo['port']) $aDSNInfo['port'] = 5432; if ($aCMDResult['create-db'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { echo "Create DB\n"; $bDidSomething = true; $oDB =& DB::connect(CONST_Database_DSN, false); if (!PEAR::isError($oDB)) { fail('database already exists ('.CONST_Database_DSN.')'); } passthru('createdb -E UTF-8 '.$aDSNInfo['database']); } if ($aCMDResult['setup-db'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { echo "Setup DB\n"; $bDidSomething = true; // TODO: path detection, detection memory, etc. $oDB =& getDB(); passthru('createlang plpgsql '.$aDSNInfo['database']); $pgver = (float) CONST_Postgresql_Version; if ($pgver < 9.1) { pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_Path_Postgresql_Contrib.'/hstore.sql'); pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/sql/hstore_compatability_9_0.sql'); } else { pgsqlRunScript('CREATE EXTENSION hstore'); } pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_Path_Postgresql_Postgis.'/postgis.sql'); pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_Path_Postgresql_Postgis.'/spatial_ref_sys.sql'); pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/data/country_name.sql'); pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/data/country_naturalearthdata.sql'); pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/data/country_osm_grid.sql'); pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/data/gb_postcode.sql'); pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/data/us_statecounty.sql'); pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/data/us_state.sql'); pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/data/us_postcode.sql'); pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/data/worldboundaries.sql'); } if ($aCMDResult['import-data'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { echo "Import\n"; $bDidSomething = true; $osm2pgsql = CONST_Osm2pgsql_Binary; if (!file_exists($osm2pgsql)) { echo "Please download and build osm2pgsql.\nIf it is already installed, check the path in your local settings (settings/local.php) file.\n"; fail("osm2pgsql not found in '$osm2pgsql'"); } $osm2pgsql .= ' -lsc -O gazetteer --hstore'; $osm2pgsql .= ' -C '.$iCacheMemory; $osm2pgsql .= ' -d '.$aDSNInfo['database'].' '.$aCMDResult['osm-file']; passthruCheckReturn($osm2pgsql); $oDB =& getDB(); $x = $oDB->getRow('select * from place limit 1'); if (PEAR::isError($x)) { fail($x->getMessage()); } if (!$x) fail('No Data'); } if ($aCMDResult['create-functions'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { echo "Functions\n"; $bDidSomething = true; if (!file_exists(CONST_BasePath.'/module/nominatim.so')) fail("nominatim module not built"); $sTemplate = file_get_contents(CONST_BasePath.'/sql/functions.sql'); $sTemplate = str_replace('{modulepath}', CONST_BasePath.'/module', $sTemplate); if ($aCMDResult['enable-diff-updates']) $sTemplate = str_replace('RETURN NEW; -- @DIFFUPDATES@', '--', $sTemplate); if ($aCMDResult['enable-debug-statements']) $sTemplate = str_replace('--DEBUG:', '', $sTemplate); pgsqlRunScript($sTemplate); } if ($aCMDResult['create-minimal-tables']) { echo "Minimal Tables\n"; $bDidSomething = true; pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/sql/tables-minimal.sql'); $sScript = ''; // Backstop the import process - easliest possible import id $sScript .= "insert into import_npi_log values (18022);\n"; $hFile = @fopen(CONST_BasePath.'/settings/partitionedtags.def', "r"); if (!$hFile) fail('unable to open list of partitions: '.CONST_BasePath.'/settings/partitionedtags.def'); while (($sLine = fgets($hFile, 4096)) !== false && $sLine && substr($sLine,0,1) !='#') { list($sClass, $sType) = explode(' ', trim($sLine)); $sScript .= "create table place_classtype_".$sClass."_".$sType." as "; $sScript .= "select place_id as place_id,geometry as centroid from placex limit 0;\n"; $sScript .= "CREATE INDEX idx_place_classtype_".$sClass."_".$sType."_centroid "; $sScript .= "ON place_classtype_".$sClass."_".$sType." USING GIST (centroid);\n"; $sScript .= "CREATE INDEX idx_place_classtype_".$sClass."_".$sType."_place_id "; $sScript .= "ON place_classtype_".$sClass."_".$sType." USING btree(place_id);\n"; } fclose($hFile); pgsqlRunScript($sScript); } if ($aCMDResult['create-tables'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { echo "Tables\n"; $bDidSomething = true; pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/sql/tables.sql'); // re-run the functions $sTemplate = file_get_contents(CONST_BasePath.'/sql/functions.sql'); $sTemplate = str_replace('{modulepath}',CONST_BasePath.'/module', $sTemplate); pgsqlRunScript($sTemplate); } if ($aCMDResult['create-partitions'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { echo "Partitions\n"; $bDidSomething = true; $oDB =& getDB(); $sSQL = 'select partition from country_name order by country_code'; $aPartitions = $oDB->getCol($sSQL); if (PEAR::isError($aPartitions)) { fail($aPartitions->getMessage()); } $aPartitions[] = 0; $sTemplate = file_get_contents(CONST_BasePath.'/sql/partitions.src.sql'); preg_match_all('#^-- start(.*?)^-- end#ms', $sTemplate, $aMatches, PREG_SET_ORDER); foreach($aMatches as $aMatch) { $sResult = ''; foreach($aPartitions as $sPartitionName) { $sResult .= str_replace('-partition-', $sPartitionName, $aMatch[1]); } $sTemplate = str_replace($aMatch[0], $sResult, $sTemplate); } pgsqlRunScript($sTemplate); } if ($aCMDResult['import-wikipedia-articles'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { $bDidSomething = true; $sWikiArticlesFile = CONST_BasePath.'/data/wikipedia_article.sql.bin'; $sWikiRedirectsFile = CONST_BasePath.'/data/wikipedia_redirect.sql.bin'; if (file_exists($sWikiArticlesFile)) { echo "Importing wikipedia articles..."; pgsqlRunDropAndRestore($sWikiArticlesFile); echo "...done\n"; } else { echo "WARNING: wikipedia article dump file not found - places will have default importance\n"; } if (file_exists($sWikiRedirectsFile)) { echo "Importing wikipedia redirects..."; pgsqlRunDropAndRestore($sWikiRedirectsFile); echo "...done\n"; } else { echo "WARNING: wikipedia redirect dump file not found - some place importance values may be missing\n"; } } if ($aCMDResult['load-data'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { echo "Drop old Data\n"; $bDidSomething = true; $oDB =& getDB(); if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'TRUNCATE word')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo '.'; if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'TRUNCATE placex')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo '.'; if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'TRUNCATE place_addressline')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo '.'; if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'TRUNCATE place_boundingbox')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo '.'; if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'TRUNCATE location_area')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo '.'; if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'TRUNCATE search_name')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo '.'; if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'TRUNCATE search_name_blank')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo '.'; if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'DROP SEQUENCE seq_place')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo '.'; if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'CREATE SEQUENCE seq_place start 100000')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo '.'; $sSQL = 'select partition from country_name order by country_code'; $aPartitions = $oDB->getCol($sSQL); if (PEAR::isError($aPartitions)) { fail($aPartitions->getMessage()); } $aPartitions[] = 0; foreach($aPartitions as $sPartition) { if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'TRUNCATE location_road_'.$sPartition)) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo '.'; } // used by getorcreate_word_id to ignore frequent partial words if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_maxwordfreq() RETURNS integer AS $$ SELECT '.CONST_Max_Word_Frequency.' as maxwordfreq; $$ LANGUAGE SQL IMMUTABLE')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); echo ".\n"; // pre-create the word list if (!$aCMDResult['disable-token-precalc']) { echo "Loading word list\n"; pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/data/words.sql'); } echo "Load Data\n"; $aDBInstances = array(); for($i = 0; $i < $iInstances; $i++) { $aDBInstances[$i] =& getDB(true); $sSQL = 'insert into placex (osm_type, osm_id, class, type, name, admin_level, '; $sSQL .= 'housenumber, street, isin, postcode, country_code, extratags, '; $sSQL .= 'geometry) select * from place where osm_id % '.$iInstances.' = '.$i; if ($aCMDResult['verbose']) echo "$sSQL\n"; if (!pg_send_query($aDBInstances[$i]->connection, $sSQL)) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); } $bAnyBusy = true; while($bAnyBusy) { $bAnyBusy = false; for($i = 0; $i < $iInstances; $i++) { if (pg_connection_busy($aDBInstances[$i]->connection)) $bAnyBusy = true; } sleep(1); echo '.'; } echo "\n"; echo "Reanalysing database...\n"; pgsqlRunScript('ANALYSE'); } if ($aCMDResult['create-roads']) { $bDidSomething = true; $oDB =& getDB(); $aDBInstances = array(); for($i = 0; $i < $iInstances; $i++) { $aDBInstances[$i] =& getDB(true); if (!pg_query($aDBInstances[$i]->connection, 'set enable_bitmapscan = off')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); $sSQL = 'select count(*) from (select insertLocationRoad(partition, place_id, calculated_country_code, geometry) from '; $sSQL .= 'placex where osm_id % '.$iInstances.' = '.$i.' and rank_search between 26 and 27 and class = \'highway\') as x '; if ($aCMDResult['verbose']) echo "$sSQL\n"; if (!pg_send_query($aDBInstances[$i]->connection, $sSQL)) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); } $bAnyBusy = true; while($bAnyBusy) { $bAnyBusy = false; for($i = 0; $i < $iInstances; $i++) { if (pg_connection_busy($aDBInstances[$i]->connection)) $bAnyBusy = true; } sleep(1); echo '.'; } echo "\n"; } if ($aCMDResult['import-tiger-data']) { $bDidSomething = true; pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/sql/tiger_import_start.sql'); $aDBInstances = array(); for($i = 0; $i < $iInstances; $i++) { $aDBInstances[$i] =& getDB(true); } foreach(glob(CONST_BasePath.'/data/tiger2011/*.sql') as $sFile) { echo $sFile.': '; $hFile = fopen($sFile, "r"); $sSQL = fgets($hFile, 100000); $iLines = 0; while(true) { for($i = 0; $i < $iInstances; $i++) { if (!pg_connection_busy($aDBInstances[$i]->connection)) { while(pg_get_result($aDBInstances[$i]->connection)); $sSQL = fgets($hFile, 100000); if (!$sSQL) break 2; if (!pg_send_query($aDBInstances[$i]->connection, $sSQL)) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); $iLines++; if ($iLines == 1000) { echo "."; $iLines = 0; } } } usleep(10); } fclose($hFile); $bAnyBusy = true; while($bAnyBusy) { $bAnyBusy = false; for($i = 0; $i < $iInstances; $i++) { if (pg_connection_busy($aDBInstances[$i]->connection)) $bAnyBusy = true; } usleep(10); } echo "\n"; } echo "Creating indexes\n"; pgsqlRunScriptFile(CONST_BasePath.'/sql/tiger_import_finish.sql'); } if ($aCMDResult['calculate-postcodes'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { $bDidSomething = true; $oDB =& getDB(); if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, 'DELETE from placex where osm_type=\'P\'')) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); $sSQL = "insert into placex (osm_type,osm_id,class,type,postcode,calculated_country_code,geometry) "; $sSQL .= "select 'P',nextval('seq_postcodes'),'place','postcode',postcode,calculated_country_code,"; $sSQL .= "ST_SetSRID(ST_Point(x,y),4326) as geometry from (select calculated_country_code,postcode,"; $sSQL .= "avg(st_x(st_centroid(geometry))) as x,avg(st_y(st_centroid(geometry))) as y "; $sSQL .= "from placex where postcode is not null group by calculated_country_code,postcode) as x"; if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, $sSQL)) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); $sSQL = "insert into placex (osm_type,osm_id,class,type,postcode,calculated_country_code,geometry) "; $sSQL .= "select 'P',nextval('seq_postcodes'),'place','postcode',postcode,'us',"; $sSQL .= "ST_SetSRID(ST_Point(x,y),4326) as geometry from us_postcode"; if (!pg_query($oDB->connection, $sSQL)) fail(pg_last_error($oDB->connection)); } if ($aCMDResult['osmosis-init'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { $bDidSomething = true; $oDB =& getDB(); if (!file_exists(CONST_Osmosis_Binary)) fail("please download osmosis"); if (file_exists(CONST_BasePath.'/settings/configuration.txt')) { echo "settings/configuration.txt already exists\n"; } else { passthru(CONST_Osmosis_Binary.' --read-replication-interval-init '.CONST_BasePath.'/settings'); // server layout changed afer license change, fix path to minutely diffs passthru("sed -i 's:minute-replicate:replication/minute:' ".CONST_BasePath.'/settings/configuration.txt'); } // Find the last node in the DB $iLastOSMID = $oDB->getOne("select max(osm_id) as osm_id from place where osm_type = 'N'"); // Lookup the timestamp that node was created (less 3 hours for margin for changsets to be closed) $sLastNodeURL = 'http://www.openstreetmap.org/api/0.6/node/'.$iLastOSMID; $sLastNodeXML = file_get_contents($sLastNodeURL); preg_match('#timestamp="(([0-9]{4})-([0-9]{2})-([0-9]{2})T([0-9]{2}):([0-9]{2}):([0-9]{2})Z)"#', $sLastNodeXML, $aLastNodeDate); $iLastNodeTimestamp = strtotime($aLastNodeDate[1]) - (3*60*60); // Search for the correct state file - uses file timestamps $sRepURL = 'http://planet.openstreetmap.org/replication/minute/'; $sRep = file_get_contents($sRepURL); preg_match_all('#([0-9]{3}/) *(([0-9]{2})-([A-z]{3})-([0-9]{4}) ([0-9]{2}):([0-9]{2}))#', $sRep, $aRepMatches, PREG_SET_ORDER); $aPrevRepMatch = false; foreach($aRepMatches as $aRepMatch) { if (strtotime($aRepMatch[2]) < $iLastNodeTimestamp) break; $aPrevRepMatch = $aRepMatch; } if ($aPrevRepMatch) $aRepMatch = $aPrevRepMatch; $sRepURL .= $aRepMatch[1]; $sRep = file_get_contents($sRepURL); preg_match_all('#([0-9]{3}/) *(([0-9]{2})-([A-z]{3})-([0-9]{4}) ([0-9]{2}):([0-9]{2}))#', $sRep, $aRepMatches, PREG_SET_ORDER); $aPrevRepMatch = false; foreach($aRepMatches as $aRepMatch) { if (strtotime($aRepMatch[2]) < $iLastNodeTimestamp) break; $aPrevRepMatch = $aRepMatch; } if ($aPrevRepMatch) $aRepMatch = $aPrevRepMatch; $sRepURL .= $aRepMatch[1]; $sRep = file_get_contents($sRepURL); preg_match_all('#([0-9]{3}).state.txt *(([0-9]{2})-([A-z]{3})-([0-9]{4}) ([0-9]{2}):([0-9]{2}))#', $sRep, $aRepMatches, PREG_SET_ORDER); $aPrevRepMatch = false; foreach($aRepMatches as $aRepMatch) { if (strtotime($aRepMatch[2]) < $iLastNodeTimestamp) break; $aPrevRepMatch = $aRepMatch; } if ($aPrevRepMatch) $aRepMatch = $aPrevRepMatch; $sRepURL .= $aRepMatch[1].'.state.txt'; echo "Getting state file: $sRepURL\n"; $sStateFile = file_get_contents($sRepURL); if (!$sStateFile || strlen($sStateFile) > 1000) fail("unable to obtain state file"); file_put_contents(CONST_BasePath.'/settings/state.txt', $sStateFile); echo "Updating DB status\n"; pg_query($oDB->connection, 'TRUNCATE import_status'); $sSQL = "INSERT INTO import_status VALUES('".$aRepMatch[2]."')"; pg_query($oDB->connection, $sSQL); } if ($aCMDResult['index'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { $bDidSomething = true; $sOutputFile = ''; if (isset($aCMDResult['index-output'])) $sOutputFile = ' -F '.$aCMDResult['index-output']; $sBaseCmd = CONST_BasePath.'/nominatim/nominatim -i -d '.$aDSNInfo['database'].' -t '.$iInstances.$sOutputFile; passthruCheckReturn($sBaseCmd.' -R 4'); if (!$aCMDResult['index-noanalyse']) pgsqlRunScript('ANALYSE'); passthruCheckReturn($sBaseCmd.' -r 5 -R 25'); if (!$aCMDResult['index-noanalyse']) pgsqlRunScript('ANALYSE'); passthruCheckReturn($sBaseCmd.' -r 26'); } if ($aCMDResult['create-search-indices'] || $aCMDResult['all']) { echo "Search indices\n"; $bDidSomething = true; $oDB =& getDB(); $sSQL = 'select partition from country_name order by country_code'; $aPartitions = $oDB->getCol($sSQL); if (PEAR::isError($aPartitions)) { fail($aPartitions->getMessage()); } $aPartitions[] = 0; $sTemplate = file_get_contents(CONST_BasePath.'/sql/indices.src.sql'); preg_match_all('#^-- start(.*?)^-- end#ms', $sTemplate, $aMatches, PREG_SET_ORDER); foreach($aMatches as $aMatch) { $sResult = ''; foreach($aPartitions as $sPartitionName) { $sResult .= str_replace('-partition-', $sPartitionName, $aMatch[1]); } $sTemplate = str_replace($aMatch[0], $sResult, $sTemplate); } pgsqlRunScript($sTemplate); } if (isset($aCMDResult['create-website'])) { $bDidSomething = true; $sTargetDir = $aCMDResult['create-website']; if (!is_dir($sTargetDir)) { echo "You must create the website directory before calling this function.\n"; fail("Target directory does not exist."); } @symlink(CONST_BasePath.'/website/details.php', $sTargetDir.'/details.php'); @symlink(CONST_BasePath.'/website/reverse.php', $sTargetDir.'/reverse.php'); @symlink(CONST_BasePath.'/website/search.php', $sTargetDir.'/search.php'); @symlink(CONST_BasePath.'/website/search.php', $sTargetDir.'/index.php'); @symlink(CONST_BasePath.'/website/images', $sTargetDir.'/images'); @symlink(CONST_BasePath.'/website/js', $sTargetDir.'/js'); @symlink(CONST_BasePath.'/website/css', $sTargetDir.'/css'); echo "Symlinks created\n"; } if (!$bDidSomething) { showUsage($aCMDOptions, true); } function pgsqlRunScriptFile($sFilename) { if (!file_exists($sFilename)) fail('unable to find '.$sFilename); // Convert database DSN to psql parameters $aDSNInfo = DB::parseDSN(CONST_Database_DSN); if (!isset($aDSNInfo['port']) || !$aDSNInfo['port']) $aDSNInfo['port'] = 5432; $sCMD = 'psql -p '.$aDSNInfo['port'].' -d '.$aDSNInfo['database'].' -f '.$sFilename; $aDescriptors = array( 0 => array('pipe', 'r'), 1 => array('pipe', 'w'), 2 => array('file', '/dev/null', 'a') ); $ahPipes = null; $hProcess = proc_open($sCMD, $aDescriptors, $ahPipes); if (!is_resource($hProcess)) fail('unable to start pgsql'); fclose($ahPipes[0]); // TODO: error checking while(!feof($ahPipes[1])) { echo fread($ahPipes[1], 4096); } fclose($ahPipes[1]); proc_close($hProcess); } function pgsqlRunScript($sScript) { // Convert database DSN to psql parameters $aDSNInfo = DB::parseDSN(CONST_Database_DSN); if (!isset($aDSNInfo['port']) || !$aDSNInfo['port']) $aDSNInfo['port'] = 5432; $sCMD = 'psql -p '.$aDSNInfo['port'].' -d '.$aDSNInfo['database']; $aDescriptors = array( 0 => array('pipe', 'r'), 1 => STDOUT, 2 => STDERR ); $ahPipes = null; $hProcess = @proc_open($sCMD, $aDescriptors, $ahPipes); if (!is_resource($hProcess)) fail('unable to start pgsql'); while(strlen($sScript)) { $written = fwrite($ahPipes[0], $sScript); $sScript = substr($sScript, $written); } fclose($ahPipes[0]); proc_close($hProcess); } function pgsqlRunRestoreData($sDumpFile) { // Convert database DSN to psql parameters $aDSNInfo = DB::parseDSN(CONST_Database_DSN); if (!isset($aDSNInfo['port']) || !$aDSNInfo['port']) $aDSNInfo['port'] = 5432; $sCMD = 'pg_restore -p '.$aDSNInfo['port'].' -d '.$aDSNInfo['database'].' -Fc -a '.$sDumpFile; $aDescriptors = array( 0 => array('pipe', 'r'), 1 => array('pipe', 'w'), 2 => array('file', '/dev/null', 'a') ); $ahPipes = null; $hProcess = proc_open($sCMD, $aDescriptors, $ahPipes); if (!is_resource($hProcess)) fail('unable to start pg_restore'); fclose($ahPipes[0]); // TODO: error checking while(!feof($ahPipes[1])) { echo fread($ahPipes[1], 4096); } fclose($ahPipes[1]); proc_close($hProcess); } function pgsqlRunDropAndRestore($sDumpFile) { // Convert database DSN to psql parameters $aDSNInfo = DB::parseDSN(CONST_Database_DSN); if (!isset($aDSNInfo['port']) || !$aDSNInfo['port']) $aDSNInfo['port'] = 5432; $sCMD = 'pg_restore -p '.$aDSNInfo['port'].' -d '.$aDSNInfo['database'].' -Fc --clean '.$sDumpFile; $aDescriptors = array( 0 => array('pipe', 'r'), 1 => array('pipe', 'w'), 2 => array('file', '/dev/null', 'a') ); $ahPipes = null; $hProcess = proc_open($sCMD, $aDescriptors, $ahPipes); if (!is_resource($hProcess)) fail('unable to start pg_restore'); fclose($ahPipes[0]); // TODO: error checking while(!feof($ahPipes[1])) { echo fread($ahPipes[1], 4096); } fclose($ahPipes[1]); proc_close($hProcess); } function passthruCheckReturn($cmd) { $result = -1; passthru($cmd, $result); if ($result != 0) fail('Error executing external command: '.$cmd); }