Update to iD v2.18.5

[rails.git] / vendor / assets / iD / iD.js

(function () {
        var commonjsGlobal = typeof globalThis !== 'undefined' ? globalThis : typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : typeof global !== 'undefined' ? global : typeof self !== 'undefined' ? self : {};

        function getDefaultExportFromCjs (x) {
                return x && x.__esModule && Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(x, 'default') ? x['default'] : x;
        }

        function createCommonjsModule(fn, basedir, module) {
                return module = {
                  path: basedir,
                  exports: {},
                  require: function (path, base) {
              return commonjsRequire(path, (base === undefined || base === null) ? module.path : base);
            }
                }, fn(module, module.exports), module.exports;
        }

        function commonjsRequire () {
                throw new Error('Dynamic requires are not currently supported by @rollup/plugin-commonjs');
        }

        var isImplemented = function () {
                var set, iterator, result;
                if (typeof Set !== 'function') { return false; }
                set = new Set(['raz', 'dwa', 'trzy']);
                if (String(set) !== '[object Set]') { return false; }
                if (set.size !== 3) { return false; }
                if (typeof set.add !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof set.clear !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof set.delete !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof set.entries !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof set.forEach !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof set.has !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof set.keys !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof set.values !== 'function') { return false; }

                iterator = set.values();
                result = iterator.next();
                if (result.done !== false) { return false; }
                if (result.value !== 'raz') { return false; }

                return true;
        };

        // eslint-disable-next-line no-empty-function
        var noop = function () {};

        var _undefined = noop(); // Support ES3 engines

        var isValue = function (val) { return val !== _undefined && val !== null; };

        var validValue = function (value) {
                if (!isValue(value)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot use null or undefined"); }
                return value;
        };

        var clear = function () {
                validValue(this).length = 0;
                return this;
        };

        var isImplemented$1 = function () {
                var numberIsNaN = Number.isNaN;
                if (typeof numberIsNaN !== "function") { return false; }
                return !numberIsNaN({}) && numberIsNaN(NaN) && !numberIsNaN(34);
        };

        var shim = function (value) {
                // eslint-disable-next-line no-self-compare
                return value !== value;
        };

        var isNan = isImplemented$1() ? Number.isNaN : shim;

        var isImplemented$2 = function () {
                var sign = Math.sign;
                if (typeof sign !== "function") { return false; }
                return sign(10) === 1 && sign(-20) === -1;
        };

        var shim$1 = function (value) {
                value = Number(value);
                if (isNaN(value) || value === 0) { return value; }
                return value > 0 ? 1 : -1;
        };

        var sign = isImplemented$2() ? Math.sign : shim$1;

        var abs   = Math.abs
          , floor = Math.floor;

        var toInteger = function (value) {
                if (isNaN(value)) { return 0; }
                value = Number(value);
                if (value === 0 || !isFinite(value)) { return value; }
                return sign(value) * floor(abs(value));
        };

        var max       = Math.max;

        var toPosInteger = function (value) { return max(0, toInteger(value)); };

        var indexOf           = Array.prototype.indexOf
          , objHasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty
          , abs$1               = Math.abs
          , floor$1             = Math.floor;

        var eIndexOf = function (searchElement/*, fromIndex*/) {
                var i, length, fromIndex, val;
                if (!isNan(searchElement)) { return indexOf.apply(this, arguments); }

                length = toPosInteger(validValue(this).length);
                fromIndex = arguments[1];
                if (isNaN(fromIndex)) { fromIndex = 0; }
                else if (fromIndex >= 0) { fromIndex = floor$1(fromIndex); }
                else { fromIndex = toPosInteger(this.length) - floor$1(abs$1(fromIndex)); }

                for (i = fromIndex; i < length; ++i) {
                        if (objHasOwnProperty.call(this, i)) {
                                val = this[i];
                                if (isNan(val)) { return i; } // Jslint: ignore
                        }
                }
                return -1;
        };

        var create = Object.create, getPrototypeOf = Object.getPrototypeOf, plainObject = {};

        var isImplemented$3 = function (/* CustomCreate*/) {
                var setPrototypeOf = Object.setPrototypeOf, customCreate = arguments[0] || create;
                if (typeof setPrototypeOf !== "function") { return false; }
                return getPrototypeOf(setPrototypeOf(customCreate(null), plainObject)) === plainObject;
        };

        var map = { function: true, object: true };

        var isObject = function (value) { return (isValue(value) && map[typeof value]) || false; };

        var create$1 = Object.create, shim$2;

        if (!isImplemented$3()) {
                shim$2 = shim$3;
        }

        var create_1 = (function () {
                var nullObject, polyProps, desc;
                if (!shim$2) { return create$1; }
                if (shim$2.level !== 1) { return create$1; }

                nullObject = {};
                polyProps = {};
                desc = { configurable: false, enumerable: false, writable: true, value: undefined };
                Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Object.prototype).forEach(function (name) {
                        if (name === "__proto__") {
                                polyProps[name] = {
                                        configurable: true,
                                        enumerable: false,
                                        writable: true,
                                        value: undefined
                                };
                                return;
                        }
                        polyProps[name] = desc;
                });
                Object.defineProperties(nullObject, polyProps);

                Object.defineProperty(shim$2, "nullPolyfill", {
                        configurable: false,
                        enumerable: false,
                        writable: false,
                        value: nullObject
                });

                return function (prototype, props) {
                        return create$1(prototype === null ? nullObject : prototype, props);
                };
        })();

        var objIsPrototypeOf = Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf
          , defineProperty   = Object.defineProperty
          , nullDesc         = { configurable: true, enumerable: false, writable: true, value: undefined }
          , validate;

        validate = function (obj, prototype) {
                validValue(obj);
                if (prototype === null || isObject(prototype)) { return obj; }
                throw new TypeError("Prototype must be null or an object");
        };

        var shim$3 = (function (status) {
                var fn, set;
                if (!status) { return null; }
                if (status.level === 2) {
                        if (status.set) {
                                set = status.set;
                                fn = function (obj, prototype) {
                                        set.call(validate(obj, prototype), prototype);
                                        return obj;
                                };
                        } else {
                                fn = function (obj, prototype) {
                                        validate(obj, prototype).__proto__ = prototype;
                                        return obj;
                                };
                        }
                } else {
                        fn = function self(obj, prototype) {
                                var isNullBase;
                                validate(obj, prototype);
                                isNullBase = objIsPrototypeOf.call(self.nullPolyfill, obj);
                                if (isNullBase) { delete self.nullPolyfill.__proto__; }
                                if (prototype === null) { prototype = self.nullPolyfill; }
                                obj.__proto__ = prototype;
                                if (isNullBase) { defineProperty(self.nullPolyfill, "__proto__", nullDesc); }
                                return obj;
                        };
                }
                return Object.defineProperty(fn, "level", {
                        configurable: false,
                        enumerable: false,
                        writable: false,
                        value: status.level
                });
        })(
                (function () {
                        var tmpObj1 = Object.create(null)
                          , tmpObj2 = {}
                          , set
                          , desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Object.prototype, "__proto__");

                        if (desc) {
                                try {
                                        set = desc.set; // Opera crashes at this point
                                        set.call(tmpObj1, tmpObj2);
                                } catch (ignore) {}
                                if (Object.getPrototypeOf(tmpObj1) === tmpObj2) { return { set: set, level: 2 }; }
                        }

                        tmpObj1.__proto__ = tmpObj2;
                        if (Object.getPrototypeOf(tmpObj1) === tmpObj2) { return { level: 2 }; }

                        tmpObj1 = {};
                        tmpObj1.__proto__ = tmpObj2;
                        if (Object.getPrototypeOf(tmpObj1) === tmpObj2) { return { level: 1 }; }

                        return false;
                })()
        );

        var setPrototypeOf = isImplemented$3() ? Object.setPrototypeOf : shim$3;

        var validCallable = function (fn) {
                if (typeof fn !== "function") { throw new TypeError(fn + " is not a function"); }
                return fn;
        };

        // ES3 safe
        var _undefined$1 = void 0;

        var is = function (value) { return value !== _undefined$1 && value !== null; };

        // prettier-ignore
        var possibleTypes = { "object": true, "function": true, "undefined": true /* document.all */ };

        var is$1 = function (value) {
                if (!is(value)) { return false; }
                return hasOwnProperty.call(possibleTypes, typeof value);
        };

        var is$2 = function (value) {
                if (!is$1(value)) { return false; }
                try {
                        if (!value.constructor) { return false; }
                        return value.constructor.prototype === value;
                } catch (error) {
                        return false;
                }
        };

        var is$3 = function (value) {
                if (typeof value !== "function") { return false; }

                if (!hasOwnProperty.call(value, "length")) { return false; }

                try {
                        if (typeof value.length !== "number") { return false; }
                        if (typeof value.call !== "function") { return false; }
                        if (typeof value.apply !== "function") { return false; }
                } catch (error) {
                        return false;
                }

                return !is$2(value);
        };

        var classRe = /^\s*class[\s{/}]/, functionToString = Function.prototype.toString;

        var is$4 = function (value) {
                if (!is$3(value)) { return false; }
                if (classRe.test(functionToString.call(value))) { return false; }
                return true;
        };

        var isImplemented$4 = function () {
                var assign = Object.assign, obj;
                if (typeof assign !== "function") { return false; }
                obj = { foo: "raz" };
                assign(obj, { bar: "dwa" }, { trzy: "trzy" });
                return obj.foo + obj.bar + obj.trzy === "razdwatrzy";
        };

        var isImplemented$5 = function () {
                try {
                        Object.keys("primitive");
                        return true;
                } catch (e) {
                        return false;
                }
        };

        var keys = Object.keys;

        var shim$4 = function (object) { return keys(isValue(object) ? Object(object) : object); };

        var keys$1 = isImplemented$5() ? Object.keys : shim$4;

        var max$1   = Math.max;

        var shim$5 = function (dest, src/*, …srcn*/) {
                var arguments$1 = arguments;

                var error, i, length = max$1(arguments.length, 2), assign;
                dest = Object(validValue(dest));
                assign = function (key) {
                        try {
                                dest[key] = src[key];
                        } catch (e) {
                                if (!error) { error = e; }
                        }
                };
                for (i = 1; i < length; ++i) {
                        src = arguments$1[i];
                        keys$1(src).forEach(assign);
                }
                if (error !== undefined) { throw error; }
                return dest;
        };

        var assign = isImplemented$4() ? Object.assign : shim$5;

        var forEach = Array.prototype.forEach, create$2 = Object.create;

        var process$1 = function (src, obj) {
                var key;
                for (key in src) { obj[key] = src[key]; }
        };

        // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
        var normalizeOptions = function (opts1/*, …options*/) {
                var result = create$2(null);
                forEach.call(arguments, function (options) {
                        if (!isValue(options)) { return; }
                        process$1(Object(options), result);
                });
                return result;
        };

        var str = "razdwatrzy";

        var isImplemented$6 = function () {
                if (typeof str.contains !== "function") { return false; }
                return str.contains("dwa") === true && str.contains("foo") === false;
        };

        var indexOf$1 = String.prototype.indexOf;

        var shim$6 = function (searchString/*, position*/) {
                return indexOf$1.call(this, searchString, arguments[1]) > -1;
        };

        var contains = isImplemented$6() ? String.prototype.contains : shim$6;

        var d_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {



        var d = (module.exports = function (dscr, value/*, options*/) {
                var c, e, w, options, desc;
                if (arguments.length < 2 || typeof dscr !== "string") {
                        options = value;
                        value = dscr;
                        dscr = null;
                } else {
                        options = arguments[2];
                }
                if (is(dscr)) {
                        c = contains.call(dscr, "c");
                        e = contains.call(dscr, "e");
                        w = contains.call(dscr, "w");
                } else {
                        c = w = true;
                        e = false;
                }

                desc = { value: value, configurable: c, enumerable: e, writable: w };
                return !options ? desc : assign(normalizeOptions(options), desc);
        });

        d.gs = function (dscr, get, set/*, options*/) {
                var c, e, options, desc;
                if (typeof dscr !== "string") {
                        options = set;
                        set = get;
                        get = dscr;
                        dscr = null;
                } else {
                        options = arguments[3];
                }
                if (!is(get)) {
                        get = undefined;
                } else if (!is$4(get)) {
                        options = get;
                        get = set = undefined;
                } else if (!is(set)) {
                        set = undefined;
                } else if (!is$4(set)) {
                        options = set;
                        set = undefined;
                }
                if (is(dscr)) {
                        c = contains.call(dscr, "c");
                        e = contains.call(dscr, "e");
                } else {
                        c = true;
                        e = false;
                }

                desc = { get: get, set: set, configurable: c, enumerable: e };
                return !options ? desc : assign(normalizeOptions(options), desc);
        };
        });

        var eventEmitter = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {

        var apply = Function.prototype.apply, call = Function.prototype.call
          , create = Object.create, defineProperty = Object.defineProperty
          , defineProperties = Object.defineProperties
          , hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty
          , descriptor = { configurable: true, enumerable: false, writable: true }

          , on, once, off, emit, methods, descriptors, base;

        on = function (type, listener) {
                var data;

                validCallable(listener);

                if (!hasOwnProperty.call(this, '__ee__')) {
                        data = descriptor.value = create(null);
                        defineProperty(this, '__ee__', descriptor);
                        descriptor.value = null;
                } else {
                        data = this.__ee__;
                }
                if (!data[type]) { data[type] = listener; }
                else if (typeof data[type] === 'object') { data[type].push(listener); }
                else { data[type] = [data[type], listener]; }

                return this;
        };

        once = function (type, listener) {
                var once, self;

                validCallable(listener);
                self = this;
                on.call(this, type, once = function () {
                        off.call(self, type, once);
                        apply.call(listener, this, arguments);
                });

                once.__eeOnceListener__ = listener;
                return this;
        };

        off = function (type, listener) {
                var data, listeners, candidate, i;

                validCallable(listener);

                if (!hasOwnProperty.call(this, '__ee__')) { return this; }
                data = this.__ee__;
                if (!data[type]) { return this; }
                listeners = data[type];

                if (typeof listeners === 'object') {
                        for (i = 0; (candidate = listeners[i]); ++i) {
                                if ((candidate === listener) ||
                                                (candidate.__eeOnceListener__ === listener)) {
                                        if (listeners.length === 2) { data[type] = listeners[i ? 0 : 1]; }
                                        else { listeners.splice(i, 1); }
                                }
                        }
                } else {
                        if ((listeners === listener) ||
                                        (listeners.__eeOnceListener__ === listener)) {
                                delete data[type];
                        }
                }

                return this;
        };

        emit = function (type) {
                var arguments$1 = arguments;

                var i, l, listener, listeners, args;

                if (!hasOwnProperty.call(this, '__ee__')) { return; }
                listeners = this.__ee__[type];
                if (!listeners) { return; }

                if (typeof listeners === 'object') {
                        l = arguments.length;
                        args = new Array(l - 1);
                        for (i = 1; i < l; ++i) { args[i - 1] = arguments$1[i]; }

                        listeners = listeners.slice();
                        for (i = 0; (listener = listeners[i]); ++i) {
                                apply.call(listener, this, args);
                        }
                } else {
                        switch (arguments.length) {
                        case 1:
                                call.call(listeners, this);
                                break;
                        case 2:
                                call.call(listeners, this, arguments[1]);
                                break;
                        case 3:
                                call.call(listeners, this, arguments[1], arguments[2]);
                                break;
                        default:
                                l = arguments.length;
                                args = new Array(l - 1);
                                for (i = 1; i < l; ++i) {
                                        args[i - 1] = arguments$1[i];
                                }
                                apply.call(listeners, this, args);
                        }
                }
        };

        methods = {
                on: on,
                once: once,
                off: off,
                emit: emit
        };

        descriptors = {
                on: d_1(on),
                once: d_1(once),
                off: d_1(off),
                emit: d_1(emit)
        };

        base = defineProperties({}, descriptors);

        module.exports = exports = function (o) {
                return (o == null) ? create(base) : defineProperties(Object(o), descriptors);
        };
        exports.methods = methods;
        });

        var validTypes = { object: true, symbol: true };

        var isImplemented$7 = function () {
                var symbol;
                if (typeof Symbol !== 'function') { return false; }
                symbol = Symbol('test symbol');
                try { String(symbol); } catch (e) { return false; }

                // Return 'true' also for polyfills
                if (!validTypes[typeof Symbol.iterator]) { return false; }
                if (!validTypes[typeof Symbol.toPrimitive]) { return false; }
                if (!validTypes[typeof Symbol.toStringTag]) { return false; }

                return true;
        };

        var isSymbol = function (x) {
                if (!x) { return false; }
                if (typeof x === 'symbol') { return true; }
                if (!x.constructor) { return false; }
                if (x.constructor.name !== 'Symbol') { return false; }
                return (x[x.constructor.toStringTag] === 'Symbol');
        };

        var validateSymbol = function (value) {
                if (!isSymbol(value)) { throw new TypeError(value + " is not a symbol"); }
                return value;
        };

        var create$3 = Object.create, defineProperties = Object.defineProperties
          , defineProperty$1 = Object.defineProperty, objPrototype = Object.prototype
          , NativeSymbol, SymbolPolyfill, HiddenSymbol, globalSymbols = create$3(null)
          , isNativeSafe;

        if (typeof Symbol === 'function') {
                NativeSymbol = Symbol;
                try {
                        String(NativeSymbol());
                        isNativeSafe = true;
                } catch (ignore) {}
        }

        var generateName = (function () {
                var created = create$3(null);
                return function (desc) {
                        var postfix = 0, name, ie11BugWorkaround;
                        while (created[desc + (postfix || '')]) { ++postfix; }
                        desc += (postfix || '');
                        created[desc] = true;
                        name = '@@' + desc;
                        defineProperty$1(objPrototype, name, d_1.gs(null, function (value) {
                                // For IE11 issue see:
                                // https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/feedbackdetail/view/1928508/
                                //    ie11-broken-getters-on-dom-objects
                                // https://github.com/medikoo/es6-symbol/issues/12
                                if (ie11BugWorkaround) { return; }
                                ie11BugWorkaround = true;
                                defineProperty$1(this, name, d_1(value));
                                ie11BugWorkaround = false;
                        }));
                        return name;
                };
        }());

        // Internal constructor (not one exposed) for creating Symbol instances.
        // This one is used to ensure that `someSymbol instanceof Symbol` always return false
        HiddenSymbol = function Symbol(description) {
                if (this instanceof HiddenSymbol) { throw new TypeError('Symbol is not a constructor'); }
                return SymbolPolyfill(description);
        };

        // Exposed `Symbol` constructor
        // (returns instances of HiddenSymbol)
        var polyfill = SymbolPolyfill = function Symbol(description) {
                var symbol;
                if (this instanceof Symbol) { throw new TypeError('Symbol is not a constructor'); }
                if (isNativeSafe) { return NativeSymbol(description); }
                symbol = create$3(HiddenSymbol.prototype);
                description = (description === undefined ? '' : String(description));
                return defineProperties(symbol, {
                        __description__: d_1('', description),
                        __name__: d_1('', generateName(description))
                });
        };
        defineProperties(SymbolPolyfill, {
                for: d_1(function (key) {
                        if (globalSymbols[key]) { return globalSymbols[key]; }
                        return (globalSymbols[key] = SymbolPolyfill(String(key)));
                }),
                keyFor: d_1(function (s) {
                        var key;
                        validateSymbol(s);
                        for (key in globalSymbols) { if (globalSymbols[key] === s) { return key; } }
                }),

                // To ensure proper interoperability with other native functions (e.g. Array.from)
                // fallback to eventual native implementation of given symbol
                hasInstance: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.hasInstance) || SymbolPolyfill('hasInstance')),
                isConcatSpreadable: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.isConcatSpreadable) ||
                        SymbolPolyfill('isConcatSpreadable')),
                iterator: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.iterator) || SymbolPolyfill('iterator')),
                match: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.match) || SymbolPolyfill('match')),
                replace: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.replace) || SymbolPolyfill('replace')),
                search: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.search) || SymbolPolyfill('search')),
                species: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.species) || SymbolPolyfill('species')),
                split: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.split) || SymbolPolyfill('split')),
                toPrimitive: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.toPrimitive) || SymbolPolyfill('toPrimitive')),
                toStringTag: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.toStringTag) || SymbolPolyfill('toStringTag')),
                unscopables: d_1('', (NativeSymbol && NativeSymbol.unscopables) || SymbolPolyfill('unscopables'))
        });

        // Internal tweaks for real symbol producer
        defineProperties(HiddenSymbol.prototype, {
                constructor: d_1(SymbolPolyfill),
                toString: d_1('', function () { return this.__name__; })
        });

        // Proper implementation of methods exposed on Symbol.prototype
        // They won't be accessible on produced symbol instances as they derive from HiddenSymbol.prototype
        defineProperties(SymbolPolyfill.prototype, {
                toString: d_1(function () { return 'Symbol (' + validateSymbol(this).__description__ + ')'; }),
                valueOf: d_1(function () { return validateSymbol(this); })
        });
        defineProperty$1(SymbolPolyfill.prototype, SymbolPolyfill.toPrimitive, d_1('', function () {
                var symbol = validateSymbol(this);
                if (typeof symbol === 'symbol') { return symbol; }
                return symbol.toString();
        }));
        defineProperty$1(SymbolPolyfill.prototype, SymbolPolyfill.toStringTag, d_1('c', 'Symbol'));

        // Proper implementaton of toPrimitive and toStringTag for returned symbol instances
        defineProperty$1(HiddenSymbol.prototype, SymbolPolyfill.toStringTag,
                d_1('c', SymbolPolyfill.prototype[SymbolPolyfill.toStringTag]));

        // Note: It's important to define `toPrimitive` as last one, as some implementations
        // implement `toPrimitive` natively without implementing `toStringTag` (or other specified symbols)
        // And that may invoke error in definition flow:
        // See: https://github.com/medikoo/es6-symbol/issues/13#issuecomment-164146149
        defineProperty$1(HiddenSymbol.prototype, SymbolPolyfill.toPrimitive,
                d_1('c', SymbolPolyfill.prototype[SymbolPolyfill.toPrimitive]));

        var es6Symbol = isImplemented$7() ? Symbol : polyfill;

        var objToString = Object.prototype.toString
          , id = objToString.call((function () { return arguments; })());

        var isArguments = function (value) { return objToString.call(value) === id; };

        var objToString$1 = Object.prototype.toString, id$1 = objToString$1.call("");

        var isString = function (value) {
                return (
                        typeof value === "string" ||
                        (value &&
                                typeof value === "object" &&
                                (value instanceof String || objToString$1.call(value) === id$1)) ||
                        false
                );
        };

        var isImplemented$8 = function () {
                if (typeof globalThis !== "object") { return false; }
                if (!globalThis) { return false; }
                return globalThis.Array === Array;
        };

        var naiveFallback = function () {
                if (typeof self === "object" && self) { return self; }
                if (typeof window === "object" && window) { return window; }
                throw new Error("Unable to resolve global `this`");
        };

        var implementation = (function () {
                if (this) { return this; }

                // Unexpected strict mode (may happen if e.g. bundled into ESM module)

                // Thanks @mathiasbynens -> https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/globalthis
                // In all ES5+ engines global object inherits from Object.prototype
                // (if you approached one that doesn't please report)
                try {
                        Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, "__global__", {
                                get: function () { return this; },
                                configurable: true
                        });
                } catch (error) {
                        // Unfortunate case of Object.prototype being sealed (via preventExtensions, seal or freeze)
                        return naiveFallback();
                }
                try {
                        // Safari case (window.__global__ is resolved with global context, but __global__ does not)
                        if (!__global__) { return naiveFallback(); }
                        return __global__;
                } finally {
                        delete Object.prototype.__global__;
                }
        })();

        var globalThis_1 = isImplemented$8() ? globalThis : implementation;

        var validTypes$1 = { object: true, symbol: true };

        var isImplemented$9 = function () {
                var Symbol = globalThis_1.Symbol;
                var symbol;
                if (typeof Symbol !== "function") { return false; }
                symbol = Symbol("test symbol");
                try { String(symbol); }
                catch (e) { return false; }

                // Return 'true' also for polyfills
                if (!validTypes$1[typeof Symbol.iterator]) { return false; }
                if (!validTypes$1[typeof Symbol.toPrimitive]) { return false; }
                if (!validTypes$1[typeof Symbol.toStringTag]) { return false; }

                return true;
        };

        var isSymbol$1 = function (value) {
                if (!value) { return false; }
                if (typeof value === "symbol") { return true; }
                if (!value.constructor) { return false; }
                if (value.constructor.name !== "Symbol") { return false; }
                return value[value.constructor.toStringTag] === "Symbol";
        };

        var validateSymbol$1 = function (value) {
                if (!isSymbol$1(value)) { throw new TypeError(value + " is not a symbol"); }
                return value;
        };

        var create$4 = Object.create, defineProperty$2 = Object.defineProperty, objPrototype$1 = Object.prototype;

        var created = create$4(null);
        var generateName$1 = function (desc) {
                var postfix = 0, name, ie11BugWorkaround;
                while (created[desc + (postfix || "")]) { ++postfix; }
                desc += postfix || "";
                created[desc] = true;
                name = "@@" + desc;
                defineProperty$2(
                        objPrototype$1,
                        name,
                        d_1.gs(null, function (value) {
                                // For IE11 issue see:
                                // https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/feedbackdetail/view/1928508/
                                //    ie11-broken-getters-on-dom-objects
                                // https://github.com/medikoo/es6-symbol/issues/12
                                if (ie11BugWorkaround) { return; }
                                ie11BugWorkaround = true;
                                defineProperty$2(this, name, d_1(value));
                                ie11BugWorkaround = false;
                        })
                );
                return name;
        };

        var NativeSymbol$1 = globalThis_1.Symbol;

        var standardSymbols = function (SymbolPolyfill) {
                return Object.defineProperties(SymbolPolyfill, {
                        // To ensure proper interoperability with other native functions (e.g. Array.from)
                        // fallback to eventual native implementation of given symbol
                        hasInstance: d_1(
                                "", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.hasInstance) || SymbolPolyfill("hasInstance")
                        ),
                        isConcatSpreadable: d_1(
                                "",
                                (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.isConcatSpreadable) ||
                                        SymbolPolyfill("isConcatSpreadable")
                        ),
                        iterator: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.iterator) || SymbolPolyfill("iterator")),
                        match: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.match) || SymbolPolyfill("match")),
                        replace: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.replace) || SymbolPolyfill("replace")),
                        search: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.search) || SymbolPolyfill("search")),
                        species: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.species) || SymbolPolyfill("species")),
                        split: d_1("", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.split) || SymbolPolyfill("split")),
                        toPrimitive: d_1(
                                "", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.toPrimitive) || SymbolPolyfill("toPrimitive")
                        ),
                        toStringTag: d_1(
                                "", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.toStringTag) || SymbolPolyfill("toStringTag")
                        ),
                        unscopables: d_1(
                                "", (NativeSymbol$1 && NativeSymbol$1.unscopables) || SymbolPolyfill("unscopables")
                        )
                });
        };

        var registry = Object.create(null);

        var symbolRegistry = function (SymbolPolyfill) {
                return Object.defineProperties(SymbolPolyfill, {
                        for: d_1(function (key) {
                                if (registry[key]) { return registry[key]; }
                                return (registry[key] = SymbolPolyfill(String(key)));
                        }),
                        keyFor: d_1(function (symbol) {
                                var key;
                                validateSymbol$1(symbol);
                                for (key in registry) {
                                        if (registry[key] === symbol) { return key; }
                                }
                                return undefined;
                        })
                });
        };

        var NativeSymbol$2         = globalThis_1.Symbol;

        var create$5 = Object.create
          , defineProperties$1 = Object.defineProperties
          , defineProperty$3 = Object.defineProperty;

        var SymbolPolyfill$1, HiddenSymbol$1, isNativeSafe$1;

        if (typeof NativeSymbol$2 === "function") {
                try {
                        String(NativeSymbol$2());
                        isNativeSafe$1 = true;
                } catch (ignore) {}
        } else {
                NativeSymbol$2 = null;
        }

        // Internal constructor (not one exposed) for creating Symbol instances.
        // This one is used to ensure that `someSymbol instanceof Symbol` always return false
        HiddenSymbol$1 = function Symbol(description) {
                if (this instanceof HiddenSymbol$1) { throw new TypeError("Symbol is not a constructor"); }
                return SymbolPolyfill$1(description);
        };

        // Exposed `Symbol` constructor
        // (returns instances of HiddenSymbol)
        var polyfill$1 = SymbolPolyfill$1 = function Symbol(description) {
                var symbol;
                if (this instanceof Symbol) { throw new TypeError("Symbol is not a constructor"); }
                if (isNativeSafe$1) { return NativeSymbol$2(description); }
                symbol = create$5(HiddenSymbol$1.prototype);
                description = description === undefined ? "" : String(description);
                return defineProperties$1(symbol, {
                        __description__: d_1("", description),
                        __name__: d_1("", generateName$1(description))
                });
        };

        standardSymbols(SymbolPolyfill$1);
        symbolRegistry(SymbolPolyfill$1);

        // Internal tweaks for real symbol producer
        defineProperties$1(HiddenSymbol$1.prototype, {
                constructor: d_1(SymbolPolyfill$1),
                toString: d_1("", function () { return this.__name__; })
        });

        // Proper implementation of methods exposed on Symbol.prototype
        // They won't be accessible on produced symbol instances as they derive from HiddenSymbol.prototype
        defineProperties$1(SymbolPolyfill$1.prototype, {
                toString: d_1(function () { return "Symbol (" + validateSymbol$1(this).__description__ + ")"; }),
                valueOf: d_1(function () { return validateSymbol$1(this); })
        });
        defineProperty$3(
                SymbolPolyfill$1.prototype,
                SymbolPolyfill$1.toPrimitive,
                d_1("", function () {
                        var symbol = validateSymbol$1(this);
                        if (typeof symbol === "symbol") { return symbol; }
                        return symbol.toString();
                })
        );
        defineProperty$3(SymbolPolyfill$1.prototype, SymbolPolyfill$1.toStringTag, d_1("c", "Symbol"));

        // Proper implementaton of toPrimitive and toStringTag for returned symbol instances
        defineProperty$3(
                HiddenSymbol$1.prototype, SymbolPolyfill$1.toStringTag,
                d_1("c", SymbolPolyfill$1.prototype[SymbolPolyfill$1.toStringTag])
        );

        // Note: It's important to define `toPrimitive` as last one, as some implementations
        // implement `toPrimitive` natively without implementing `toStringTag` (or other specified symbols)
        // And that may invoke error in definition flow:
        // See: https://github.com/medikoo/es6-symbol/issues/13#issuecomment-164146149
        defineProperty$3(
                HiddenSymbol$1.prototype, SymbolPolyfill$1.toPrimitive,
                d_1("c", SymbolPolyfill$1.prototype[SymbolPolyfill$1.toPrimitive])
        );

        var es6Symbol$1 = isImplemented$9()
                ? globalThis_1.Symbol
                : polyfill$1;

        var iteratorSymbol = es6Symbol$1.iterator
          , isArray        = Array.isArray;

        var isIterable = function (value) {
                if (!isValue(value)) { return false; }
                if (isArray(value)) { return true; }
                if (isString(value)) { return true; }
                if (isArguments(value)) { return true; }
                return typeof value[iteratorSymbol] === "function";
        };

        var validIterable = function (value) {
                if (!isIterable(value)) { throw new TypeError(value + " is not iterable"); }
                return value;
        };

        var objectToString = Object.prototype.toString;

        var coerce = function (value) {
                if (!is(value)) { return null; }
                if (is$1(value)) {
                        // Reject Object.prototype.toString coercion
                        var valueToString = value.toString;
                        if (typeof valueToString !== "function") { return null; }
                        if (valueToString === objectToString) { return null; }
                        // Note: It can be object coming from other realm, still as there's no ES3 and CSP compliant
                        // way to resolve its realm's Object.prototype.toString it's left as not addressed edge case
                }
                try {
                        return "" + value; // Ensure implicit coercion
                } catch (error) {
                        return null;
                }
        };

        var safeToString = function (value) {
                try {
                        return value.toString();
                } catch (error) {
                        try { return String(value); }
                        catch (error2) { return null; }
                }
        };

        var reNewLine = /[\n\r\u2028\u2029]/g;

        var toShortString = function (value) {
                var string = safeToString(value);
                if (string === null) { return "<Non-coercible to string value>"; }
                // Trim if too long
                if (string.length > 100) { string = string.slice(0, 99) + "…"; }
                // Replace eventual new lines
                string = string.replace(reNewLine, function (char) {
                        switch (char) {
                                case "\n":
                                        return "\\n";
                                case "\r":
                                        return "\\r";
                                case "\u2028":
                                        return "\\u2028";
                                case "\u2029":
                                        return "\\u2029";
                                /* istanbul ignore next */
                                default:
                                        throw new Error("Unexpected character");
                        }
                });
                return string;
        };

        var resolveMessage = function (message, value) {
                return message.replace("%v", toShortString(value));
        };

        var resolveException = function (value, defaultMessage, inputOptions) {
                if (!is$1(inputOptions)) { throw new TypeError(resolveMessage(defaultMessage, value)); }
                if (!is(value)) {
                        if ("default" in inputOptions) { return inputOptions["default"]; }
                        if (inputOptions.isOptional) { return null; }
                }
                var errorMessage = coerce(inputOptions.errorMessage);
                if (!is(errorMessage)) { errorMessage = defaultMessage; }
                throw new TypeError(resolveMessage(errorMessage, value));
        };

        var ensure = function (value/*, options*/) {
                if (is(value)) { return value; }
                return resolveException(value, "Cannot use %v", arguments[1]);
        };

        var ensure$1 = function (value/*, options*/) {
                if (is$4(value)) { return value; }
                return resolveException(value, "%v is not a plain function", arguments[1]);
        };

        var isImplemented$a = function () {
                var from = Array.from, arr, result;
                if (typeof from !== "function") { return false; }
                arr = ["raz", "dwa"];
                result = from(arr);
                return Boolean(result && result !== arr && result[1] === "dwa");
        };

        var objToString$2 = Object.prototype.toString
          , isFunctionStringTag = RegExp.prototype.test.bind(/^[object [A-Za-z0-9]*Function]$/);

        var isFunction = function (value) {
                return typeof value === "function" && isFunctionStringTag(objToString$2.call(value));
        };

        var iteratorSymbol$1 = es6Symbol$1.iterator
          , isArray$1        = Array.isArray
          , call           = Function.prototype.call
          , desc           = { configurable: true, enumerable: true, writable: true, value: null }
          , defineProperty$4 = Object.defineProperty;

        // eslint-disable-next-line complexity, max-lines-per-function
        var shim$7 = function (arrayLike/*, mapFn, thisArg*/) {
                var mapFn = arguments[1]
                  , thisArg = arguments[2]
                  , Context
                  , i
                  , j
                  , arr
                  , length
                  , code
                  , iterator
                  , result
                  , getIterator
                  , value;

                arrayLike = Object(validValue(arrayLike));

                if (isValue(mapFn)) { validCallable(mapFn); }
                if (!this || this === Array || !isFunction(this)) {
                        // Result: Plain array
                        if (!mapFn) {
                                if (isArguments(arrayLike)) {
                                        // Source: Arguments
                                        length = arrayLike.length;
                                        if (length !== 1) { return Array.apply(null, arrayLike); }
                                        arr = new Array(1);
                                        arr[0] = arrayLike[0];
                                        return arr;
                                }
                                if (isArray$1(arrayLike)) {
                                        // Source: Array
                                        arr = new Array((length = arrayLike.length));
                                        for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) { arr[i] = arrayLike[i]; }
                                        return arr;
                                }
                        }
                        arr = [];
                } else {
                        // Result: Non plain array
                        Context = this;
                }

                if (!isArray$1(arrayLike)) {
                        if ((getIterator = arrayLike[iteratorSymbol$1]) !== undefined) {
                                // Source: Iterator
                                iterator = validCallable(getIterator).call(arrayLike);
                                if (Context) { arr = new Context(); }
                                result = iterator.next();
                                i = 0;
                                while (!result.done) {
                                        value = mapFn ? call.call(mapFn, thisArg, result.value, i) : result.value;
                                        if (Context) {
                                                desc.value = value;
                                                defineProperty$4(arr, i, desc);
                                        } else {
                                                arr[i] = value;
                                        }
                                        result = iterator.next();
                                        ++i;
                                }
                                length = i;
                        } else if (isString(arrayLike)) {
                                // Source: String
                                length = arrayLike.length;
                                if (Context) { arr = new Context(); }
                                for (i = 0, j = 0; i < length; ++i) {
                                        value = arrayLike[i];
                                        if (i + 1 < length) {
                                                code = value.charCodeAt(0);
                                                // eslint-disable-next-line max-depth
                                                if (code >= 0xd800 && code <= 0xdbff) { value += arrayLike[++i]; }
                                        }
                                        value = mapFn ? call.call(mapFn, thisArg, value, j) : value;
                                        if (Context) {
                                                desc.value = value;
                                                defineProperty$4(arr, j, desc);
                                        } else {
                                                arr[j] = value;
                                        }
                                        ++j;
                                }
                                length = j;
                        }
                }
                if (length === undefined) {
                        // Source: array or array-like
                        length = toPosInteger(arrayLike.length);
                        if (Context) { arr = new Context(length); }
                        for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
                                value = mapFn ? call.call(mapFn, thisArg, arrayLike[i], i) : arrayLike[i];
                                if (Context) {
                                        desc.value = value;
                                        defineProperty$4(arr, i, desc);
                                } else {
                                        arr[i] = value;
                                }
                        }
                }
                if (Context) {
                        desc.value = null;
                        arr.length = length;
                }
                return arr;
        };

        var from_1 = isImplemented$a() ? Array.from : shim$7;

        var copy = function (obj/*, propertyNames, options*/) {
                var copy = Object(validValue(obj)), propertyNames = arguments[1], options = Object(arguments[2]);
                if (copy !== obj && !propertyNames) { return copy; }
                var result = {};
                if (propertyNames) {
                        from_1(propertyNames, function (propertyName) {
                                if (options.ensure || propertyName in obj) { result[propertyName] = obj[propertyName]; }
                        });
                } else {
                        assign(result, obj);
                }
                return result;
        };

        var bind                    = Function.prototype.bind
          , call$1                    = Function.prototype.call
          , keys$2                    = Object.keys
          , objPropertyIsEnumerable = Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable;

        var _iterate = function (method, defVal) {
                return function (obj, cb/*, thisArg, compareFn*/) {
                        var list, thisArg = arguments[2], compareFn = arguments[3];
                        obj = Object(validValue(obj));
                        validCallable(cb);

                        list = keys$2(obj);
                        if (compareFn) {
                                list.sort(typeof compareFn === "function" ? bind.call(compareFn, obj) : undefined);
                        }
                        if (typeof method !== "function") { method = list[method]; }
                        return call$1.call(method, list, function (key, index) {
                                if (!objPropertyIsEnumerable.call(obj, key)) { return defVal; }
                                return call$1.call(cb, thisArg, obj[key], key, obj, index);
                        });
                };
        };

        var forEach$1 = _iterate("forEach");

        var call$2     = Function.prototype.call;

        var map$1 = function (obj, cb/*, thisArg*/) {
                var result = {}, thisArg = arguments[2];
                validCallable(cb);
                forEach$1(obj, function (value, key, targetObj, index) {
                        result[key] = call$2.call(cb, thisArg, value, key, targetObj, index);
                });
                return result;
        };

        var bind$1 = Function.prototype.bind
          , defineProperty$5 = Object.defineProperty
          , hasOwnProperty$1 = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty
          , define;

        define = function (name, desc, options) {
                var value = ensure(desc) && ensure$1(desc.value), dgs;
                dgs = copy(desc);
                delete dgs.writable;
                delete dgs.value;
                dgs.get = function () {
                        if (!options.overwriteDefinition && hasOwnProperty$1.call(this, name)) { return value; }
                        desc.value = bind$1.call(value, options.resolveContext ? options.resolveContext(this) : this);
                        defineProperty$5(this, name, desc);
                        return this[name];
                };
                return dgs;
        };

        var autoBind = function (props/*, options*/) {
                var options = normalizeOptions(arguments[1]);
                if (is(options.resolveContext)) { ensure$1(options.resolveContext); }
                return map$1(props, function (desc, name) { return define(name, desc, options); });
        };

        var defineProperty$6 = Object.defineProperty, defineProperties$2 = Object.defineProperties, Iterator;

        var es6Iterator = Iterator = function (list, context) {
                if (!(this instanceof Iterator)) { throw new TypeError("Constructor requires 'new'"); }
                defineProperties$2(this, {
                        __list__: d_1("w", validValue(list)),
                        __context__: d_1("w", context),
                        __nextIndex__: d_1("w", 0)
                });
                if (!context) { return; }
                validCallable(context.on);
                context.on("_add", this._onAdd);
                context.on("_delete", this._onDelete);
                context.on("_clear", this._onClear);
        };

        // Internal %IteratorPrototype% doesn't expose its constructor
        delete Iterator.prototype.constructor;

        defineProperties$2(
                Iterator.prototype,
                assign(
                        {
                                _next: d_1(function () {
                                        var i;
                                        if (!this.__list__) { return undefined; }
                                        if (this.__redo__) {
                                                i = this.__redo__.shift();
                                                if (i !== undefined) { return i; }
                                        }
                                        if (this.__nextIndex__ < this.__list__.length) { return this.__nextIndex__++; }
                                        this._unBind();
                                        return undefined;
                                }),
                                next: d_1(function () {
                                        return this._createResult(this._next());
                                }),
                                _createResult: d_1(function (i) {
                                        if (i === undefined) { return { done: true, value: undefined }; }
                                        return { done: false, value: this._resolve(i) };
                                }),
                                _resolve: d_1(function (i) {
                                        return this.__list__[i];
                                }),
                                _unBind: d_1(function () {
                                        this.__list__ = null;
                                        delete this.__redo__;
                                        if (!this.__context__) { return; }
                                        this.__context__.off("_add", this._onAdd);
                                        this.__context__.off("_delete", this._onDelete);
                                        this.__context__.off("_clear", this._onClear);
                                        this.__context__ = null;
                                }),
                                toString: d_1(function () {
                                        return "[object " + (this[es6Symbol$1.toStringTag] || "Object") + "]";
                                })
                        },
                        autoBind({
                                _onAdd: d_1(function (index) {
                                        if (index >= this.__nextIndex__) { return; }
                                        ++this.__nextIndex__;
                                        if (!this.__redo__) {
                                                defineProperty$6(this, "__redo__", d_1("c", [index]));
                                                return;
                                        }
                                        this.__redo__.forEach(function (redo, i) {
                                                if (redo >= index) { this.__redo__[i] = ++redo; }
                                        }, this);
                                        this.__redo__.push(index);
                                }),
                                _onDelete: d_1(function (index) {
                                        var i;
                                        if (index >= this.__nextIndex__) { return; }
                                        --this.__nextIndex__;
                                        if (!this.__redo__) { return; }
                                        i = this.__redo__.indexOf(index);
                                        if (i !== -1) { this.__redo__.splice(i, 1); }
                                        this.__redo__.forEach(function (redo, j) {
                                                if (redo > index) { this.__redo__[j] = --redo; }
                                        }, this);
                                }),
                                _onClear: d_1(function () {
                                        if (this.__redo__) { clear.call(this.__redo__); }
                                        this.__nextIndex__ = 0;
                                })
                        })
                )
        );

        defineProperty$6(
                Iterator.prototype,
                es6Symbol$1.iterator,
                d_1(function () {
                        return this;
                })
        );

        var array = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {



        var defineProperty = Object.defineProperty, ArrayIterator;

        ArrayIterator = module.exports = function (arr, kind) {
                if (!(this instanceof ArrayIterator)) { throw new TypeError("Constructor requires 'new'"); }
                es6Iterator.call(this, arr);
                if (!kind) { kind = "value"; }
                else if (contains.call(kind, "key+value")) { kind = "key+value"; }
                else if (contains.call(kind, "key")) { kind = "key"; }
                else { kind = "value"; }
                defineProperty(this, "__kind__", d_1("", kind));
        };
        if (setPrototypeOf) { setPrototypeOf(ArrayIterator, es6Iterator); }

        // Internal %ArrayIteratorPrototype% doesn't expose its constructor
        delete ArrayIterator.prototype.constructor;

        ArrayIterator.prototype = Object.create(es6Iterator.prototype, {
                _resolve: d_1(function (i) {
                        if (this.__kind__ === "value") { return this.__list__[i]; }
                        if (this.__kind__ === "key+value") { return [i, this.__list__[i]]; }
                        return i;
                })
        });
        defineProperty(ArrayIterator.prototype, es6Symbol$1.toStringTag, d_1("c", "Array Iterator"));
        });

        var string = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {



        var defineProperty = Object.defineProperty, StringIterator;

        StringIterator = module.exports = function (str) {
                if (!(this instanceof StringIterator)) { throw new TypeError("Constructor requires 'new'"); }
                str = String(str);
                es6Iterator.call(this, str);
                defineProperty(this, "__length__", d_1("", str.length));
        };
        if (setPrototypeOf) { setPrototypeOf(StringIterator, es6Iterator); }

        // Internal %ArrayIteratorPrototype% doesn't expose its constructor
        delete StringIterator.prototype.constructor;

        StringIterator.prototype = Object.create(es6Iterator.prototype, {
                _next: d_1(function () {
                        if (!this.__list__) { return undefined; }
                        if (this.__nextIndex__ < this.__length__) { return this.__nextIndex__++; }
                        this._unBind();
                        return undefined;
                }),
                _resolve: d_1(function (i) {
                        var char = this.__list__[i], code;
                        if (this.__nextIndex__ === this.__length__) { return char; }
                        code = char.charCodeAt(0);
                        if (code >= 0xd800 && code <= 0xdbff) { return char + this.__list__[this.__nextIndex__++]; }
                        return char;
                })
        });
        defineProperty(StringIterator.prototype, es6Symbol$1.toStringTag, d_1("c", "String Iterator"));
        });

        var iteratorSymbol$2 = es6Symbol$1.iterator;

        var get = function (obj) {
                if (typeof validIterable(obj)[iteratorSymbol$2] === "function") { return obj[iteratorSymbol$2](); }
                if (isArguments(obj)) { return new array(obj); }
                if (isString(obj)) { return new string(obj); }
                return new array(obj);
        };

        var isArray$2 = Array.isArray, call$3 = Function.prototype.call, some = Array.prototype.some;

        var forOf = function (iterable, cb /*, thisArg*/) {
                var mode, thisArg = arguments[2], result, doBreak, broken, i, length, char, code;
                if (isArray$2(iterable) || isArguments(iterable)) { mode = "array"; }
                else if (isString(iterable)) { mode = "string"; }
                else { iterable = get(iterable); }

                validCallable(cb);
                doBreak = function () {
                        broken = true;
                };
                if (mode === "array") {
                        some.call(iterable, function (value) {
                                call$3.call(cb, thisArg, value, doBreak);
                                return broken;
                        });
                        return;
                }
                if (mode === "string") {
                        length = iterable.length;
                        for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
                                char = iterable[i];
                                if (i + 1 < length) {
                                        code = char.charCodeAt(0);
                                        if (code >= 0xd800 && code <= 0xdbff) { char += iterable[++i]; }
                                }
                                call$3.call(cb, thisArg, char, doBreak);
                                if (broken) { break; }
                        }
                        return;
                }
                result = iterable.next();

                while (!result.done) {
                        call$3.call(cb, thisArg, result.value, doBreak);
                        if (broken) { return; }
                        result = iterable.next();
                }
        };

        var iterator = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {

        var toStringTagSymbol = es6Symbol.toStringTag

          , defineProperty = Object.defineProperty
          , SetIterator;

        SetIterator = module.exports = function (set, kind) {
                if (!(this instanceof SetIterator)) { return new SetIterator(set, kind); }
                es6Iterator.call(this, set.__setData__, set);
                if (!kind) { kind = 'value'; }
                else if (contains.call(kind, 'key+value')) { kind = 'key+value'; }
                else { kind = 'value'; }
                defineProperty(this, '__kind__', d_1('', kind));
        };
        if (setPrototypeOf) { setPrototypeOf(SetIterator, es6Iterator); }

        SetIterator.prototype = Object.create(es6Iterator.prototype, {
                constructor: d_1(SetIterator),
                _resolve: d_1(function (i) {
                        if (this.__kind__ === 'value') { return this.__list__[i]; }
                        return [this.__list__[i], this.__list__[i]];
                }),
                toString: d_1(function () { return '[object Set Iterator]'; })
        });
        defineProperty(SetIterator.prototype, toStringTagSymbol, d_1('c', 'Set Iterator'));
        });

        // Exports true if environment provides native `Set` implementation,

        var isNativeImplemented = (function () {
                if (typeof Set === 'undefined') { return false; }
                return (Object.prototype.toString.call(Set.prototype) === '[object Set]');
        }());

        var iterator$1       = validIterable

          , call$4 = Function.prototype.call
          , defineProperty$7 = Object.defineProperty, getPrototypeOf$1 = Object.getPrototypeOf
          , SetPoly, getValues, NativeSet;

        if (isNativeImplemented) { NativeSet = Set; }

        var polyfill$2 = SetPoly = function Set(/*iterable*/) {
                var iterable = arguments[0], self;
                if (!(this instanceof SetPoly)) { throw new TypeError('Constructor requires \'new\''); }
                if (isNativeImplemented && setPrototypeOf) { self = setPrototypeOf(new NativeSet(), getPrototypeOf$1(this)); }
                else { self = this; }
                if (iterable != null) { iterator$1(iterable); }
                defineProperty$7(self, '__setData__', d_1('c', []));
                if (!iterable) { return self; }
                forOf(iterable, function (value) {
                        if (eIndexOf.call(this, value) !== -1) { return; }
                        this.push(value);
                }, self.__setData__);
                return self;
        };

        if (isNativeImplemented) {
                if (setPrototypeOf) { setPrototypeOf(SetPoly, NativeSet); }
                SetPoly.prototype = Object.create(NativeSet.prototype, { constructor: d_1(SetPoly) });
        }

        eventEmitter(Object.defineProperties(SetPoly.prototype, {
                add: d_1(function (value) {
                        if (this.has(value)) { return this; }
                        this.emit('_add', this.__setData__.push(value) - 1, value);
                        return this;
                }),
                clear: d_1(function () {
                        if (!this.__setData__.length) { return; }
                        clear.call(this.__setData__);
                        this.emit('_clear');
                }),
                delete: d_1(function (value) {
                        var index = eIndexOf.call(this.__setData__, value);
                        if (index === -1) { return false; }
                        this.__setData__.splice(index, 1);
                        this.emit('_delete', index, value);
                        return true;
                }),
                entries: d_1(function () { return new iterator(this, 'key+value'); }),
                forEach: d_1(function (cb/*, thisArg*/) {
                        var thisArg = arguments[1], iterator, result, value;
                        validCallable(cb);
                        iterator = this.values();
                        result = iterator._next();
                        while (result !== undefined) {
                                value = iterator._resolve(result);
                                call$4.call(cb, thisArg, value, value, this);
                                result = iterator._next();
                        }
                }),
                has: d_1(function (value) {
                        return (eIndexOf.call(this.__setData__, value) !== -1);
                }),
                keys: d_1(getValues = function () { return this.values(); }),
                size: d_1.gs(function () { return this.__setData__.length; }),
                values: d_1(function () { return new iterator(this); }),
                toString: d_1(function () { return '[object Set]'; })
        }));
        defineProperty$7(SetPoly.prototype, es6Symbol.iterator, d_1(getValues));
        defineProperty$7(SetPoly.prototype, es6Symbol.toStringTag, d_1('c', 'Set'));

        var es6Set = isImplemented() ? Set : polyfill$2;

        var isImplemented$b = function () {
                var map, iterator, result;
                if (typeof Map !== 'function') { return false; }
                try {
                        // WebKit doesn't support arguments and crashes
                        map = new Map([['raz', 'one'], ['dwa', 'two'], ['trzy', 'three']]);
                } catch (e) {
                        return false;
                }
                if (String(map) !== '[object Map]') { return false; }
                if (map.size !== 3) { return false; }
                if (typeof map.clear !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof map.delete !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof map.entries !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof map.forEach !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof map.get !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof map.has !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof map.keys !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof map.set !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof map.values !== 'function') { return false; }

                iterator = map.entries();
                result = iterator.next();
                if (result.done !== false) { return false; }
                if (!result.value) { return false; }
                if (result.value[0] !== 'raz') { return false; }
                if (result.value[1] !== 'one') { return false; }

                return true;
        };

        var forEach$2 = Array.prototype.forEach, create$6 = Object.create;

        // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
        var primitiveSet = function (arg/*, …args*/) {
                var set = create$6(null);
                forEach$2.call(arguments, function (name) { set[name] = true; });
                return set;
        };

        var iteratorKinds = primitiveSet('key',
                'value', 'key+value');

        var iterator$2 = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {

        var toStringTagSymbol = es6Symbol$1.toStringTag

          , defineProperties = Object.defineProperties
          , unBind = es6Iterator.prototype._unBind
          , MapIterator;

        MapIterator = module.exports = function (map, kind) {
                if (!(this instanceof MapIterator)) { return new MapIterator(map, kind); }
                es6Iterator.call(this, map.__mapKeysData__, map);
                if (!kind || !iteratorKinds[kind]) { kind = 'key+value'; }
                defineProperties(this, {
                        __kind__: d_1('', kind),
                        __values__: d_1('w', map.__mapValuesData__)
                });
        };
        if (setPrototypeOf) { setPrototypeOf(MapIterator, es6Iterator); }

        MapIterator.prototype = Object.create(es6Iterator.prototype, {
                constructor: d_1(MapIterator),
                _resolve: d_1(function (i) {
                        if (this.__kind__ === 'value') { return this.__values__[i]; }
                        if (this.__kind__ === 'key') { return this.__list__[i]; }
                        return [this.__list__[i], this.__values__[i]];
                }),
                _unBind: d_1(function () {
                        this.__values__ = null;
                        unBind.call(this);
                }),
                toString: d_1(function () { return '[object Map Iterator]'; })
        });
        Object.defineProperty(MapIterator.prototype, toStringTagSymbol,
                d_1('c', 'Map Iterator'));
        });

        // Exports true if environment provides native `Map` implementation,

        var isNativeImplemented$1 = (function () {
                if (typeof Map === 'undefined') { return false; }
                return (Object.prototype.toString.call(new Map()) === '[object Map]');
        }());

        var iterator$3       = validIterable

          , call$5 = Function.prototype.call
          , defineProperties$3 = Object.defineProperties, getPrototypeOf$2 = Object.getPrototypeOf
          , MapPoly;

        var polyfill$3 = MapPoly = function (/*iterable*/) {
                var iterable = arguments[0], keys, values, self;
                if (!(this instanceof MapPoly)) { throw new TypeError('Constructor requires \'new\''); }
                if (isNativeImplemented$1 && setPrototypeOf && (Map !== MapPoly)) {
                        self = setPrototypeOf(new Map(), getPrototypeOf$2(this));
                } else {
                        self = this;
                }
                if (iterable != null) { iterator$3(iterable); }
                defineProperties$3(self, {
                        __mapKeysData__: d_1('c', keys = []),
                        __mapValuesData__: d_1('c', values = [])
                });
                if (!iterable) { return self; }
                forOf(iterable, function (value) {
                        var key = validValue(value)[0];
                        value = value[1];
                        if (eIndexOf.call(keys, key) !== -1) { return; }
                        keys.push(key);
                        values.push(value);
                }, self);
                return self;
        };

        if (isNativeImplemented$1) {
                if (setPrototypeOf) { setPrototypeOf(MapPoly, Map); }
                MapPoly.prototype = Object.create(Map.prototype, {
                        constructor: d_1(MapPoly)
                });
        }

        eventEmitter(defineProperties$3(MapPoly.prototype, {
                clear: d_1(function () {
                        if (!this.__mapKeysData__.length) { return; }
                        clear.call(this.__mapKeysData__);
                        clear.call(this.__mapValuesData__);
                        this.emit('_clear');
                }),
                delete: d_1(function (key) {
                        var index = eIndexOf.call(this.__mapKeysData__, key);
                        if (index === -1) { return false; }
                        this.__mapKeysData__.splice(index, 1);
                        this.__mapValuesData__.splice(index, 1);
                        this.emit('_delete', index, key);
                        return true;
                }),
                entries: d_1(function () { return new iterator$2(this, 'key+value'); }),
                forEach: d_1(function (cb/*, thisArg*/) {
                        var thisArg = arguments[1], iterator, result;
                        validCallable(cb);
                        iterator = this.entries();
                        result = iterator._next();
                        while (result !== undefined) {
                                call$5.call(cb, thisArg, this.__mapValuesData__[result],
                                        this.__mapKeysData__[result], this);
                                result = iterator._next();
                        }
                }),
                get: d_1(function (key) {
                        var index = eIndexOf.call(this.__mapKeysData__, key);
                        if (index === -1) { return; }
                        return this.__mapValuesData__[index];
                }),
                has: d_1(function (key) {
                        return (eIndexOf.call(this.__mapKeysData__, key) !== -1);
                }),
                keys: d_1(function () { return new iterator$2(this, 'key'); }),
                set: d_1(function (key, value) {
                        var index = eIndexOf.call(this.__mapKeysData__, key), emit;
                        if (index === -1) {
                                index = this.__mapKeysData__.push(key) - 1;
                                emit = true;
                        }
                        this.__mapValuesData__[index] = value;
                        if (emit) { this.emit('_add', index, key); }
                        return this;
                }),
                size: d_1.gs(function () { return this.__mapKeysData__.length; }),
                values: d_1(function () { return new iterator$2(this, 'value'); }),
                toString: d_1(function () { return '[object Map]'; })
        }));
        Object.defineProperty(MapPoly.prototype, es6Symbol$1.iterator, d_1(function () {
                return this.entries();
        }));
        Object.defineProperty(MapPoly.prototype, es6Symbol$1.toStringTag, d_1('c', 'Map'));

        var es6Map = isImplemented$b() ? Map : polyfill$3;

        var toStr = Object.prototype.toString;

        var isArguments$1 = function isArguments(value) {
                var str = toStr.call(value);
                var isArgs = str === '[object Arguments]';
                if (!isArgs) {
                        isArgs = str !== '[object Array]' &&
                                value !== null &&
                                typeof value === 'object' &&
                                typeof value.length === 'number' &&
                                value.length >= 0 &&
                                toStr.call(value.callee) === '[object Function]';
                }
                return isArgs;
        };

        var keysShim;
        if (!Object.keys) {
                // modified from https://github.com/es-shims/es5-shim
                var has = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
                var toStr$1 = Object.prototype.toString;
                var isArgs = isArguments$1; // eslint-disable-line global-require
                var isEnumerable = Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable;
                var hasDontEnumBug = !isEnumerable.call({ toString: null }, 'toString');
                var hasProtoEnumBug = isEnumerable.call(function () {}, 'prototype');
                var dontEnums = [
                        'toString',
                        'toLocaleString',
                        'valueOf',
                        'hasOwnProperty',
                        'isPrototypeOf',
                        'propertyIsEnumerable',
                        'constructor'
                ];
                var equalsConstructorPrototype = function (o) {
                        var ctor = o.constructor;
                        return ctor && ctor.prototype === o;
                };
                var excludedKeys = {
                        $applicationCache: true,
                        $console: true,
                        $external: true,
                        $frame: true,
                        $frameElement: true,
                        $frames: true,
                        $innerHeight: true,
                        $innerWidth: true,
                        $onmozfullscreenchange: true,
                        $onmozfullscreenerror: true,
                        $outerHeight: true,
                        $outerWidth: true,
                        $pageXOffset: true,
                        $pageYOffset: true,
                        $parent: true,
                        $scrollLeft: true,
                        $scrollTop: true,
                        $scrollX: true,
                        $scrollY: true,
                        $self: true,
                        $webkitIndexedDB: true,
                        $webkitStorageInfo: true,
                        $window: true
                };
                var hasAutomationEqualityBug = (function () {
                        /* global window */
                        if (typeof window === 'undefined') { return false; }
                        for (var k in window) {
                                try {
                                        if (!excludedKeys['$' + k] && has.call(window, k) && window[k] !== null && typeof window[k] === 'object') {
                                                try {
                                                        equalsConstructorPrototype(window[k]);
                                                } catch (e) {
                                                        return true;
                                                }
                                        }
                                } catch (e$1) {
                                        return true;
                                }
                        }
                        return false;
                }());
                var equalsConstructorPrototypeIfNotBuggy = function (o) {
                        /* global window */
                        if (typeof window === 'undefined' || !hasAutomationEqualityBug) {
                                return equalsConstructorPrototype(o);
                        }
                        try {
                                return equalsConstructorPrototype(o);
                        } catch (e) {
                                return false;
                        }
                };

                keysShim = function keys(object) {
                        var isObject = object !== null && typeof object === 'object';
                        var isFunction = toStr$1.call(object) === '[object Function]';
                        var isArguments = isArgs(object);
                        var isString = isObject && toStr$1.call(object) === '[object String]';
                        var theKeys = [];

                        if (!isObject && !isFunction && !isArguments) {
                                throw new TypeError('Object.keys called on a non-object');
                        }

                        var skipProto = hasProtoEnumBug && isFunction;
                        if (isString && object.length > 0 && !has.call(object, 0)) {
                                for (var i = 0; i < object.length; ++i) {
                                        theKeys.push(String(i));
                                }
                        }

                        if (isArguments && object.length > 0) {
                                for (var j = 0; j < object.length; ++j) {
                                        theKeys.push(String(j));
                                }
                        } else {
                                for (var name in object) {
                                        if (!(skipProto && name === 'prototype') && has.call(object, name)) {
                                                theKeys.push(String(name));
                                        }
                                }
                        }

                        if (hasDontEnumBug) {
                                var skipConstructor = equalsConstructorPrototypeIfNotBuggy(object);

                                for (var k = 0; k < dontEnums.length; ++k) {
                                        if (!(skipConstructor && dontEnums[k] === 'constructor') && has.call(object, dontEnums[k])) {
                                                theKeys.push(dontEnums[k]);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        return theKeys;
                };
        }
        var implementation$1 = keysShim;

        var slice = Array.prototype.slice;


        var origKeys = Object.keys;
        var keysShim$1 = origKeys ? function keys(o) { return origKeys(o); } : implementation$1;

        var originalKeys = Object.keys;

        keysShim$1.shim = function shimObjectKeys() {
                if (Object.keys) {
                        var keysWorksWithArguments = (function () {
                                // Safari 5.0 bug
                                var args = Object.keys(arguments);
                                return args && args.length === arguments.length;
                        }(1, 2));
                        if (!keysWorksWithArguments) {
                                Object.keys = function keys(object) { // eslint-disable-line func-name-matching
                                        if (isArguments$1(object)) {
                                                return originalKeys(slice.call(object));
                                        }
                                        return originalKeys(object);
                                };
                        }
                } else {
                        Object.keys = keysShim$1;
                }
                return Object.keys || keysShim$1;
        };

        var objectKeys = keysShim$1;

        var hasSymbols = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol('foo') === 'symbol';

        var toStr$2 = Object.prototype.toString;
        var concat = Array.prototype.concat;
        var origDefineProperty = Object.defineProperty;

        var isFunction$1 = function (fn) {
                return typeof fn === 'function' && toStr$2.call(fn) === '[object Function]';
        };

        var arePropertyDescriptorsSupported = function () {
                var obj = {};
                try {
                        origDefineProperty(obj, 'x', { enumerable: false, value: obj });
                        // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars, no-restricted-syntax
                        for (var _ in obj) { // jscs:ignore disallowUnusedVariables
                                return false;
                        }
                        return obj.x === obj;
                } catch (e) { /* this is IE 8. */
                        return false;
                }
        };
        var supportsDescriptors = origDefineProperty && arePropertyDescriptorsSupported();

        var defineProperty$8 = function (object, name, value, predicate) {
                if (name in object && (!isFunction$1(predicate) || !predicate())) {
                        return;
                }
                if (supportsDescriptors) {
                        origDefineProperty(object, name, {
                                configurable: true,
                                enumerable: false,
                                value: value,
                                writable: true
                        });
                } else {
                        object[name] = value;
                }
        };

        var defineProperties$4 = function (object, map) {
                var predicates = arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : {};
                var props = objectKeys(map);
                if (hasSymbols) {
                        props = concat.call(props, Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(map));
                }
                for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i += 1) {
                        defineProperty$8(object, props[i], map[props[i]], predicates[props[i]]);
                }
        };

        defineProperties$4.supportsDescriptors = !!supportsDescriptors;

        var defineProperties_1 = defineProperties$4;

        /* eslint complexity: [2, 18], max-statements: [2, 33] */
        var shams = function hasSymbols() {
                if (typeof Symbol !== 'function' || typeof Object.getOwnPropertySymbols !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof Symbol.iterator === 'symbol') { return true; }

                var obj = {};
                var sym = Symbol('test');
                var symObj = Object(sym);
                if (typeof sym === 'string') { return false; }

                if (Object.prototype.toString.call(sym) !== '[object Symbol]') { return false; }
                if (Object.prototype.toString.call(symObj) !== '[object Symbol]') { return false; }

                // temp disabled per https://github.com/ljharb/object.assign/issues/17
                // if (sym instanceof Symbol) { return false; }
                // temp disabled per https://github.com/WebReflection/get-own-property-symbols/issues/4
                // if (!(symObj instanceof Symbol)) { return false; }

                // if (typeof Symbol.prototype.toString !== 'function') { return false; }
                // if (String(sym) !== Symbol.prototype.toString.call(sym)) { return false; }

                var symVal = 42;
                obj[sym] = symVal;
                for (sym in obj) { return false; } // eslint-disable-line no-restricted-syntax
                if (typeof Object.keys === 'function' && Object.keys(obj).length !== 0) { return false; }

                if (typeof Object.getOwnPropertyNames === 'function' && Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj).length !== 0) { return false; }

                var syms = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(obj);
                if (syms.length !== 1 || syms[0] !== sym) { return false; }

                if (!Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable.call(obj, sym)) { return false; }

                if (typeof Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor === 'function') {
                        var descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, sym);
                        if (descriptor.value !== symVal || descriptor.enumerable !== true) { return false; }
                }

                return true;
        };

        var origSymbol = commonjsGlobal.Symbol;


        var hasSymbols$1 = function hasNativeSymbols() {
                if (typeof origSymbol !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof Symbol !== 'function') { return false; }
                if (typeof origSymbol('foo') !== 'symbol') { return false; }
                if (typeof Symbol('bar') !== 'symbol') { return false; }

                return shams();
        };

        /* eslint no-invalid-this: 1 */

        var ERROR_MESSAGE = 'Function.prototype.bind called on incompatible ';
        var slice$1 = Array.prototype.slice;
        var toStr$3 = Object.prototype.toString;
        var funcType = '[object Function]';

        var implementation$2 = function bind(that) {
            var target = this;
            if (typeof target !== 'function' || toStr$3.call(target) !== funcType) {
                throw new TypeError(ERROR_MESSAGE + target);
            }
            var args = slice$1.call(arguments, 1);

            var bound;
            var binder = function () {
                if (this instanceof bound) {
                    var result = target.apply(
                        this,
                        args.concat(slice$1.call(arguments))
                    );
                    if (Object(result) === result) {
                        return result;
                    }
                    return this;
                } else {
                    return target.apply(
                        that,
                        args.concat(slice$1.call(arguments))
                    );
                }
            };

            var boundLength = Math.max(0, target.length - args.length);
            var boundArgs = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < boundLength; i++) {
                boundArgs.push('$' + i);
            }

            bound = Function('binder', 'return function (' + boundArgs.join(',') + '){ return binder.apply(this,arguments); }')(binder);

            if (target.prototype) {
                var Empty = function Empty() {};
                Empty.prototype = target.prototype;
                bound.prototype = new Empty();
                Empty.prototype = null;
            }

            return bound;
        };

        var functionBind = Function.prototype.bind || implementation$2;

        /* globals
                Atomics,
                SharedArrayBuffer,
        */

        var undefined$1;

        var $TypeError = TypeError;

        var $gOPD = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;
        if ($gOPD) {
                try {
                        $gOPD({}, '');
                } catch (e) {
                        $gOPD = null; // this is IE 8, which has a broken gOPD
                }
        }

        var throwTypeError = function () { throw new $TypeError(); };
        var ThrowTypeError = $gOPD
                ? (function () {
                        try {
                                // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-expressions, no-caller, no-restricted-properties
                                arguments.callee; // IE 8 does not throw here
                                return throwTypeError;
                        } catch (calleeThrows) {
                                try {
                                        // IE 8 throws on Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(arguments, '')
                                        return $gOPD(arguments, 'callee').get;
                                } catch (gOPDthrows) {
                                        return throwTypeError;
                                }
                        }
                }())
                : throwTypeError;

        var hasSymbols$2 = hasSymbols$1();

        var getProto = Object.getPrototypeOf || function (x) { return x.__proto__; }; // eslint-disable-line no-proto
        var generatorFunction =  undefined$1;
        var asyncFunction =  undefined$1;
        var asyncGenFunction =  undefined$1;

        var TypedArray = typeof Uint8Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : getProto(Uint8Array);

        var INTRINSICS = {
                '%Array%': Array,
                '%ArrayBuffer%': typeof ArrayBuffer === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : ArrayBuffer,
                '%ArrayBufferPrototype%': typeof ArrayBuffer === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : ArrayBuffer.prototype,
                '%ArrayIteratorPrototype%': hasSymbols$2 ? getProto([][Symbol.iterator]()) : undefined$1,
                '%ArrayPrototype%': Array.prototype,
                '%ArrayProto_entries%': Array.prototype.entries,
                '%ArrayProto_forEach%': Array.prototype.forEach,
                '%ArrayProto_keys%': Array.prototype.keys,
                '%ArrayProto_values%': Array.prototype.values,
                '%AsyncFromSyncIteratorPrototype%': undefined$1,
                '%AsyncFunction%': asyncFunction,
                '%AsyncFunctionPrototype%':  undefined$1,
                '%AsyncGenerator%':  undefined$1,
                '%AsyncGeneratorFunction%': asyncGenFunction,
                '%AsyncGeneratorPrototype%':  undefined$1,
                '%AsyncIteratorPrototype%':  undefined$1,
                '%Atomics%': typeof Atomics === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Atomics,
                '%Boolean%': Boolean,
                '%BooleanPrototype%': Boolean.prototype,
                '%DataView%': typeof DataView === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : DataView,
                '%DataViewPrototype%': typeof DataView === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : DataView.prototype,
                '%Date%': Date,
                '%DatePrototype%': Date.prototype,
                '%decodeURI%': decodeURI,
                '%decodeURIComponent%': decodeURIComponent,
                '%encodeURI%': encodeURI,
                '%encodeURIComponent%': encodeURIComponent,
                '%Error%': Error,
                '%ErrorPrototype%': Error.prototype,
                '%eval%': eval, // eslint-disable-line no-eval
                '%EvalError%': EvalError,
                '%EvalErrorPrototype%': EvalError.prototype,
                '%Float32Array%': typeof Float32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Float32Array,
                '%Float32ArrayPrototype%': typeof Float32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Float32Array.prototype,
                '%Float64Array%': typeof Float64Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Float64Array,
                '%Float64ArrayPrototype%': typeof Float64Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Float64Array.prototype,
                '%Function%': Function,
                '%FunctionPrototype%': Function.prototype,
                '%Generator%':  undefined$1,
                '%GeneratorFunction%': generatorFunction,
                '%GeneratorPrototype%':  undefined$1,
                '%Int8Array%': typeof Int8Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int8Array,
                '%Int8ArrayPrototype%': typeof Int8Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int8Array.prototype,
                '%Int16Array%': typeof Int16Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int16Array,
                '%Int16ArrayPrototype%': typeof Int16Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int8Array.prototype,
                '%Int32Array%': typeof Int32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int32Array,
                '%Int32ArrayPrototype%': typeof Int32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Int32Array.prototype,
                '%isFinite%': isFinite,
                '%isNaN%': isNaN,
                '%IteratorPrototype%': hasSymbols$2 ? getProto(getProto([][Symbol.iterator]())) : undefined$1,
                '%JSON%': typeof JSON === 'object' ? JSON : undefined$1,
                '%JSONParse%': typeof JSON === 'object' ? JSON.parse : undefined$1,
                '%Map%': typeof Map === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Map,
                '%MapIteratorPrototype%': typeof Map === 'undefined' || !hasSymbols$2 ? undefined$1 : getProto(new Map()[Symbol.iterator]()),
                '%MapPrototype%': typeof Map === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Map.prototype,
                '%Math%': Math,
                '%Number%': Number,
                '%NumberPrototype%': Number.prototype,
                '%Object%': Object,
                '%ObjectPrototype%': Object.prototype,
                '%ObjProto_toString%': Object.prototype.toString,
                '%ObjProto_valueOf%': Object.prototype.valueOf,
                '%parseFloat%': parseFloat,
                '%parseInt%': parseInt,
                '%Promise%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise,
                '%PromisePrototype%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise.prototype,
                '%PromiseProto_then%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise.prototype.then,
                '%Promise_all%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise.all,
                '%Promise_reject%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise.reject,
                '%Promise_resolve%': typeof Promise === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Promise.resolve,
                '%Proxy%': typeof Proxy === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Proxy,
                '%RangeError%': RangeError,
                '%RangeErrorPrototype%': RangeError.prototype,
                '%ReferenceError%': ReferenceError,
                '%ReferenceErrorPrototype%': ReferenceError.prototype,
                '%Reflect%': typeof Reflect === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Reflect,
                '%RegExp%': RegExp,
                '%RegExpPrototype%': RegExp.prototype,
                '%Set%': typeof Set === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Set,
                '%SetIteratorPrototype%': typeof Set === 'undefined' || !hasSymbols$2 ? undefined$1 : getProto(new Set()[Symbol.iterator]()),
                '%SetPrototype%': typeof Set === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Set.prototype,
                '%SharedArrayBuffer%': typeof SharedArrayBuffer === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : SharedArrayBuffer,
                '%SharedArrayBufferPrototype%': typeof SharedArrayBuffer === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : SharedArrayBuffer.prototype,
                '%String%': String,
                '%StringIteratorPrototype%': hasSymbols$2 ? getProto(''[Symbol.iterator]()) : undefined$1,
                '%StringPrototype%': String.prototype,
                '%Symbol%': hasSymbols$2 ? Symbol : undefined$1,
                '%SymbolPrototype%': hasSymbols$2 ? Symbol.prototype : undefined$1,
                '%SyntaxError%': SyntaxError,
                '%SyntaxErrorPrototype%': SyntaxError.prototype,
                '%ThrowTypeError%': ThrowTypeError,
                '%TypedArray%': TypedArray,
                '%TypedArrayPrototype%': TypedArray ? TypedArray.prototype : undefined$1,
                '%TypeError%': $TypeError,
                '%TypeErrorPrototype%': $TypeError.prototype,
                '%Uint8Array%': typeof Uint8Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint8Array,
                '%Uint8ArrayPrototype%': typeof Uint8Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint8Array.prototype,
                '%Uint8ClampedArray%': typeof Uint8ClampedArray === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint8ClampedArray,
                '%Uint8ClampedArrayPrototype%': typeof Uint8ClampedArray === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint8ClampedArray.prototype,
                '%Uint16Array%': typeof Uint16Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint16Array,
                '%Uint16ArrayPrototype%': typeof Uint16Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint16Array.prototype,
                '%Uint32Array%': typeof Uint32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint32Array,
                '%Uint32ArrayPrototype%': typeof Uint32Array === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : Uint32Array.prototype,
                '%URIError%': URIError,
                '%URIErrorPrototype%': URIError.prototype,
                '%WeakMap%': typeof WeakMap === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : WeakMap,
                '%WeakMapPrototype%': typeof WeakMap === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : WeakMap.prototype,
                '%WeakSet%': typeof WeakSet === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : WeakSet,
                '%WeakSetPrototype%': typeof WeakSet === 'undefined' ? undefined$1 : WeakSet.prototype
        };


        var $replace = functionBind.call(Function.call, String.prototype.replace);

        /* adapted from https://github.com/lodash/lodash/blob/4.17.15/dist/lodash.js#L6735-L6744 */
        var rePropName = /[^%.[\]]+|\[(?:(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)|(["'])((?:(?!\2)[^\\]|\\.)*?)\2)\]|(?=(?:\.|\[\])(?:\.|\[\]|%$))/g;
        var reEscapeChar = /\\(\\)?/g; /** Used to match backslashes in property paths. */
        var stringToPath = function stringToPath(string) {
                var result = [];
                $replace(string, rePropName, function (match, number, quote, subString) {
                        result[result.length] = quote ? $replace(subString, reEscapeChar, '$1') : (number || match);
                });
                return result;
        };
        /* end adaptation */

        var getBaseIntrinsic = function getBaseIntrinsic(name, allowMissing) {
                if (!(name in INTRINSICS)) {
                        throw new SyntaxError('intrinsic ' + name + ' does not exist!');
                }

                // istanbul ignore if // hopefully this is impossible to test :-)
                if (typeof INTRINSICS[name] === 'undefined' && !allowMissing) {
                        throw new $TypeError('intrinsic ' + name + ' exists, but is not available. Please file an issue!');
                }

                return INTRINSICS[name];
        };

        var GetIntrinsic = function GetIntrinsic(name, allowMissing) {
                if (typeof name !== 'string' || name.length === 0) {
                        throw new TypeError('intrinsic name must be a non-empty string');
                }
                if (arguments.length > 1 && typeof allowMissing !== 'boolean') {
                        throw new TypeError('"allowMissing" argument must be a boolean');
                }

                var parts = stringToPath(name);

                var value = getBaseIntrinsic('%' + (parts.length > 0 ? parts[0] : '') + '%', allowMissing);
                for (var i = 1; i < parts.length; i += 1) {
                        if (value != null) {
                                if ($gOPD && (i + 1) >= parts.length) {
                                        var desc = $gOPD(value, parts[i]);
                                        if (!allowMissing && !(parts[i] in value)) {
                                                throw new $TypeError('base intrinsic for ' + name + ' exists, but the property is not available.');
                                        }
                                        value = desc ? (desc.get || desc.value) : value[parts[i]];
                                } else {
                                        value = value[parts[i]];
                                }
                        }
                }
                return value;
        };

        var $TypeError$1 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');

        // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.10

        var CheckObjectCoercible = function CheckObjectCoercible(value, optMessage) {
                if (value == null) {
                        throw new $TypeError$1(optMessage || ('Cannot call method on ' + value));
                }
                return value;
        };

        var RequireObjectCoercible = CheckObjectCoercible;

        var $Object = GetIntrinsic('%Object%');



        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-toobject

        var ToObject = function ToObject(value) {
                RequireObjectCoercible(value);
                return $Object(value);
        };

        var $Math = GetIntrinsic('%Math%');
        var $Number = GetIntrinsic('%Number%');

        var maxSafeInteger = $Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER || $Math.pow(2, 53) - 1;

        // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.3

        var ToNumber = function ToNumber(value) {
                return +value; // eslint-disable-line no-implicit-coercion
        };

        var _isNaN = Number.isNaN || function isNaN(a) {
                return a !== a;
        };

        var $isNaN = Number.isNaN || function (a) { return a !== a; };

        var _isFinite = Number.isFinite || function (x) { return typeof x === 'number' && !$isNaN(x) && x !== Infinity && x !== -Infinity; };

        var sign$1 = function sign(number) {
                return number >= 0 ? 1 : -1;
        };

        var $Math$1 = GetIntrinsic('%Math%');






        var $floor = $Math$1.floor;
        var $abs = $Math$1.abs;

        // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.4

        var ToInteger = function ToInteger(value) {
                var number = ToNumber(value);
                if (_isNaN(number)) { return 0; }
                if (number === 0 || !_isFinite(number)) { return number; }
                return sign$1(number) * $floor($abs(number));
        };

        var $apply = GetIntrinsic('%Function.prototype.apply%');
        var $call = GetIntrinsic('%Function.prototype.call%');
        var $reflectApply = GetIntrinsic('%Reflect.apply%', true) || functionBind.call($call, $apply);

        var callBind = function callBind() {
                return $reflectApply(functionBind, $call, arguments);
        };

        var apply = function applyBind() {
                return $reflectApply(functionBind, $apply, arguments);
        };
        callBind.apply = apply;

        var $indexOf = callBind(GetIntrinsic('String.prototype.indexOf'));

        var callBound = function callBoundIntrinsic(name, allowMissing) {
                var intrinsic = GetIntrinsic(name, !!allowMissing);
                if (typeof intrinsic === 'function' && $indexOf(name, '.prototype.')) {
                        return callBind(intrinsic);
                }
                return intrinsic;
        };

        var $test = GetIntrinsic('RegExp.prototype.test');



        var regexTester = function regexTester(regex) {
                return callBind($test, regex);
        };

        var isPrimitive = function isPrimitive(value) {
                return value === null || (typeof value !== 'function' && typeof value !== 'object');
        };

        var isPrimitive$1 = function isPrimitive(value) {
                return value === null || (typeof value !== 'function' && typeof value !== 'object');
        };

        var fnToStr = Function.prototype.toString;
        var reflectApply = typeof Reflect === 'object' && Reflect !== null && Reflect.apply;
        var badArrayLike;
        var isCallableMarker;
        if (typeof reflectApply === 'function' && typeof Object.defineProperty === 'function') {
                try {
                        badArrayLike = Object.defineProperty({}, 'length', {
                                get: function () {
                                        throw isCallableMarker;
                                }
                        });
                        isCallableMarker = {};
                } catch (_) {
                        reflectApply = null;
                }
        } else {
                reflectApply = null;
        }

        var constructorRegex = /^\s*class\b/;
        var isES6ClassFn = function isES6ClassFunction(value) {
                try {
                        var fnStr = fnToStr.call(value);
                        return constructorRegex.test(fnStr);
                } catch (e) {
                        return false; // not a function
                }
        };

        var tryFunctionObject = function tryFunctionToStr(value) {
                try {
                        if (isES6ClassFn(value)) { return false; }
                        fnToStr.call(value);
                        return true;
                } catch (e) {
                        return false;
                }
        };
        var toStr$4 = Object.prototype.toString;
        var fnClass = '[object Function]';
        var genClass = '[object GeneratorFunction]';
        var hasToStringTag = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol.toStringTag === 'symbol';

        var isCallable = reflectApply
                ? function isCallable(value) {
                        if (!value) { return false; }
                        if (typeof value !== 'function' && typeof value !== 'object') { return false; }
                        if (typeof value === 'function' && !value.prototype) { return true; }
                        try {
                                reflectApply(value, null, badArrayLike);
                        } catch (e) {
                                if (e !== isCallableMarker) { return false; }
                        }
                        return !isES6ClassFn(value);
                }
                : function isCallable(value) {
                        if (!value) { return false; }
                        if (typeof value !== 'function' && typeof value !== 'object') { return false; }
                        if (typeof value === 'function' && !value.prototype) { return true; }
                        if (hasToStringTag) { return tryFunctionObject(value); }
                        if (isES6ClassFn(value)) { return false; }
                        var strClass = toStr$4.call(value);
                        return strClass === fnClass || strClass === genClass;
                };

        var getDay = Date.prototype.getDay;
        var tryDateObject = function tryDateGetDayCall(value) {
                try {
                        getDay.call(value);
                        return true;
                } catch (e) {
                        return false;
                }
        };

        var toStr$5 = Object.prototype.toString;
        var dateClass = '[object Date]';
        var hasToStringTag$1 = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol.toStringTag === 'symbol';

        var isDateObject = function isDateObject(value) {
                if (typeof value !== 'object' || value === null) {
                        return false;
                }
                return hasToStringTag$1 ? tryDateObject(value) : toStr$5.call(value) === dateClass;
        };

        var isSymbol$2 = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {

        var toStr = Object.prototype.toString;
        var hasSymbols = hasSymbols$1();

        if (hasSymbols) {
                var symToStr = Symbol.prototype.toString;
                var symStringRegex = /^Symbol\(.*\)$/;
                var isSymbolObject = function isRealSymbolObject(value) {
                        if (typeof value.valueOf() !== 'symbol') {
                                return false;
                        }
                        return symStringRegex.test(symToStr.call(value));
                };

                module.exports = function isSymbol(value) {
                        if (typeof value === 'symbol') {
                                return true;
                        }
                        if (toStr.call(value) !== '[object Symbol]') {
                                return false;
                        }
                        try {
                                return isSymbolObject(value);
                        } catch (e) {
                                return false;
                        }
                };
        } else {

                module.exports = function isSymbol(value) {
                        // this environment does not support Symbols.
                        return false ;
                };
        }
        });

        var hasSymbols$3 = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol.iterator === 'symbol';






        var ordinaryToPrimitive = function OrdinaryToPrimitive(O, hint) {
                if (typeof O === 'undefined' || O === null) {
                        throw new TypeError('Cannot call method on ' + O);
                }
                if (typeof hint !== 'string' || (hint !== 'number' && hint !== 'string')) {
                        throw new TypeError('hint must be "string" or "number"');
                }
                var methodNames = hint === 'string' ? ['toString', 'valueOf'] : ['valueOf', 'toString'];
                var method, result, i;
                for (i = 0; i < methodNames.length; ++i) {
                        method = O[methodNames[i]];
                        if (isCallable(method)) {
                                result = method.call(O);
                                if (isPrimitive$1(result)) {
                                        return result;
                                }
                        }
                }
                throw new TypeError('No default value');
        };

        var GetMethod = function GetMethod(O, P) {
                var func = O[P];
                if (func !== null && typeof func !== 'undefined') {
                        if (!isCallable(func)) {
                                throw new TypeError(func + ' returned for property ' + P + ' of object ' + O + ' is not a function');
                        }
                        return func;
                }
                return void 0;
        };

        // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-toprimitive
        var es2015 = function ToPrimitive(input) {
                if (isPrimitive$1(input)) {
                        return input;
                }
                var hint = 'default';
                if (arguments.length > 1) {
                        if (arguments[1] === String) {
                                hint = 'string';
                        } else if (arguments[1] === Number) {
                                hint = 'number';
                        }
                }

                var exoticToPrim;
                if (hasSymbols$3) {
                        if (Symbol.toPrimitive) {
                                exoticToPrim = GetMethod(input, Symbol.toPrimitive);
                        } else if (isSymbol$2(input)) {
                                exoticToPrim = Symbol.prototype.valueOf;
                        }
                }
                if (typeof exoticToPrim !== 'undefined') {
                        var result = exoticToPrim.call(input, hint);
                        if (isPrimitive$1(result)) {
                                return result;
                        }
                        throw new TypeError('unable to convert exotic object to primitive');
                }
                if (hint === 'default' && (isDateObject(input) || isSymbol$2(input))) {
                        hint = 'string';
                }
                return ordinaryToPrimitive(input, hint === 'default' ? 'number' : hint);
        };

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-toprimitive

        var ToPrimitive = function ToPrimitive(input) {
                if (arguments.length > 1) {
                        return es2015(input, arguments[1]);
                }
                return es2015(input);
        };

        var $TypeError$2 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
        var $Number$1 = GetIntrinsic('%Number%');
        var $RegExp = GetIntrinsic('%RegExp%');
        var $parseInteger = GetIntrinsic('%parseInt%');





        var $strSlice = callBound('String.prototype.slice');
        var isBinary = regexTester(/^0b[01]+$/i);
        var isOctal = regexTester(/^0o[0-7]+$/i);
        var isInvalidHexLiteral = regexTester(/^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i);
        var nonWS = ['\u0085', '\u200b', '\ufffe'].join('');
        var nonWSregex = new $RegExp('[' + nonWS + ']', 'g');
        var hasNonWS = regexTester(nonWSregex);

        // whitespace from: https://es5.github.io/#x15.5.4.20
        // implementation from https://github.com/es-shims/es5-shim/blob/v3.4.0/es5-shim.js#L1304-L1324
        var ws = [
                '\x09\x0A\x0B\x0C\x0D\x20\xA0\u1680\u180E\u2000\u2001\u2002\u2003',
                '\u2004\u2005\u2006\u2007\u2008\u2009\u200A\u202F\u205F\u3000\u2028',
                '\u2029\uFEFF'
        ].join('');
        var trimRegex = new RegExp('(^[' + ws + ']+)|([' + ws + ']+$)', 'g');
        var $replace$1 = callBound('String.prototype.replace');
        var $trim = function (value) {
                return $replace$1(value, trimRegex, '');
        };



        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-tonumber

        var ToNumber$1 = function ToNumber(argument) {
                var value = isPrimitive(argument) ? argument : ToPrimitive(argument, $Number$1);
                if (typeof value === 'symbol') {
                        throw new $TypeError$2('Cannot convert a Symbol value to a number');
                }
                if (typeof value === 'string') {
                        if (isBinary(value)) {
                                return ToNumber($parseInteger($strSlice(value, 2), 2));
                        } else if (isOctal(value)) {
                                return ToNumber($parseInteger($strSlice(value, 2), 8));
                        } else if (hasNonWS(value) || isInvalidHexLiteral(value)) {
                                return NaN;
                        } else {
                                var trimmed = $trim(value);
                                if (trimmed !== value) {
                                        return ToNumber(trimmed);
                                }
                        }
                }
                return $Number$1(value);
        };

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-tointeger

        var ToInteger$1 = function ToInteger$1(value) {
                var number = ToNumber$1(value);
                return ToInteger(number);
        };

        var ToLength = function ToLength(argument) {
                var len = ToInteger$1(argument);
                if (len <= 0) { return 0; } // includes converting -0 to +0
                if (len > maxSafeInteger) { return maxSafeInteger; }
                return len;
        };

        // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.11

        var IsCallable = isCallable;

        var implementation$3 = function find(predicate) {
                var list = ToObject(this);
                var length = ToLength(list.length);
                if (!IsCallable(predicate)) {
                        throw new TypeError('Array#find: predicate must be a function');
                }
                if (length === 0) {
                        return void 0;
                }
                var thisArg;
                if (arguments.length > 0) {
                        thisArg = arguments[1];
                }

                for (var i = 0, value; i < length; i++) {
                        value = list[i];
                        // inlined for performance: if (Call(predicate, thisArg, [value, i, list])) {
                        if (predicate.apply(thisArg, [value, i, list])) {
                                return value;
                        }
                }
                return void 0;
        };

        var polyfill$4 = function getPolyfill() {
                // Detect if an implementation exists
                // Detect early implementations which skipped holes in sparse arrays
                // eslint-disable-next-line no-sparse-arrays
                var implemented = Array.prototype.find && [, 1].find(function () {
                        return true;
                }) !== 1;

                // eslint-disable-next-line global-require
                return implemented ? Array.prototype.find : implementation$3;
        };

        var shim$8 = function shimArrayPrototypeFind() {
                var polyfill = polyfill$4();

                defineProperties_1(Array.prototype, { find: polyfill }, {
                        find: function () {
                                return Array.prototype.find !== polyfill;
                        }
                });

                return polyfill;
        };

        var slice$2 = Array.prototype.slice;

        var polyfill$5 = polyfill$4();

        var boundFindShim = function find(array, predicate) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
                RequireObjectCoercible(array);
                var args = slice$2.call(arguments, 1);
                return polyfill$5.apply(array, args);
        };

        defineProperties_1(boundFindShim, {
                getPolyfill: polyfill$4,
                implementation: implementation$3,
                shim: shim$8
        });

        var array_prototype_find = boundFindShim;

        var implementation$4 = function findIndex(predicate) {
                var list = ToObject(this);
                var length = ToLength(list.length);
                if (!IsCallable(predicate)) {
                        throw new TypeError('Array#findIndex: predicate must be a function');
                }

                if (length === 0) {
                        return -1;
                }

                var thisArg;
                if (arguments.length > 0) {
                        thisArg = arguments[1];
                }

                for (var i = 0, value; i < length; i++) {
                        value = list[i];
                        // inlined for performance: if (Call(predicate, thisArg, [value, i, list])) return i;
                        if (predicate.apply(thisArg, [value, i, list])) {
                                return i;
                        }
                }

                return -1;
        };

        var polyfill$6 = function getPolyfill() {
                // Detect if an implementation exists
                // Detect early implementations which skipped holes in sparse arrays
                // eslint-disable-next-line no-sparse-arrays
                var implemented = Array.prototype.findIndex && ([, 1].findIndex(function (item, idx) {
                        return idx === 0;
                }) === 0);

                return implemented ? Array.prototype.findIndex : implementation$4;
        };

        var shim$9 = function shimFindIndex() {
                var polyfill = polyfill$6();

                defineProperties_1(Array.prototype, { findIndex: polyfill }, {
                        findIndex: function () {
                                return Array.prototype.findIndex !== polyfill;
                        }
                });

                return polyfill;
        };

        var slice$3 = Array.prototype.slice;

        var polyfill$7 = polyfill$6();

        var boundShim = function findIndex(array, predicate) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
                RequireObjectCoercible(array);
                var args = slice$3.call(arguments, 1);
                return polyfill$7.apply(array, args);
        };

        defineProperties_1(boundShim, {
                getPolyfill: polyfill$6,
                implementation: implementation$4,
                shim: shim$9
        });

        var array_prototype_findindex = boundShim;

        var $apply$1 = GetIntrinsic('%Reflect.apply%', true) || callBound('%Function.prototype.apply%');

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-call

        var Call = function Call(F, V) {
                var args = arguments.length > 2 ? arguments[2] : [];
                return $apply$1(F, V, args);
        };

        var $defineProperty = GetIntrinsic('%Object.defineProperty%', true);

        if ($defineProperty) {
                try {
                        $defineProperty({}, 'a', { value: 1 });
                } catch (e) {
                        // IE 8 has a broken defineProperty
                        $defineProperty = null;
                }
        }



        var $isEnumerable = callBound('Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable');

        // eslint-disable-next-line max-params
        var DefineOwnProperty = function DefineOwnProperty(IsDataDescriptor, SameValue, FromPropertyDescriptor, O, P, desc) {
                if (!$defineProperty) {
                        if (!IsDataDescriptor(desc)) {
                                // ES3 does not support getters/setters
                                return false;
                        }
                        if (!desc['[[Configurable]]'] || !desc['[[Writable]]']) {
                                return false;
                        }

                        // fallback for ES3
                        if (P in O && $isEnumerable(O, P) !== !!desc['[[Enumerable]]']) {
                                // a non-enumerable existing property
                                return false;
                        }

                        // property does not exist at all, or exists but is enumerable
                        var V = desc['[[Value]]'];
                        // eslint-disable-next-line no-param-reassign
                        O[P] = V; // will use [[Define]]
                        return SameValue(O[P], V);
                }
                $defineProperty(O, P, FromPropertyDescriptor(desc));
                return true;
        };

        var src = functionBind.call(Function.call, Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty);

        var $TypeError$3 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');
        var $SyntaxError = GetIntrinsic('%SyntaxError%');



        var predicates = {
                // https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-property-descriptor-specification-type
                'Property Descriptor': function isPropertyDescriptor(Type, Desc) {
                        if (Type(Desc) !== 'Object') {
                                return false;
                        }
                        var allowed = {
                                '[[Configurable]]': true,
                                '[[Enumerable]]': true,
                                '[[Get]]': true,
                                '[[Set]]': true,
                                '[[Value]]': true,
                                '[[Writable]]': true
                        };

                        for (var key in Desc) { // eslint-disable-line
                                if (src(Desc, key) && !allowed[key]) {
                                        return false;
                                }
                        }

                        var isData = src(Desc, '[[Value]]');
                        var IsAccessor = src(Desc, '[[Get]]') || src(Desc, '[[Set]]');
                        if (isData && IsAccessor) {
                                throw new $TypeError$3('Property Descriptors may not be both accessor and data descriptors');
                        }
                        return true;
                }
        };

        var assertRecord = function assertRecord(Type, recordType, argumentName, value) {
                var predicate = predicates[recordType];
                if (typeof predicate !== 'function') {
                        throw new $SyntaxError('unknown record type: ' + recordType);
                }
                if (!predicate(Type, value)) {
                        throw new $TypeError$3(argumentName + ' must be a ' + recordType);
                }
        };

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-8

        var Type = function Type(x) {
                if (x === null) {
                        return 'Null';
                }
                if (typeof x === 'undefined') {
                        return 'Undefined';
                }
                if (typeof x === 'function' || typeof x === 'object') {
                        return 'Object';
                }
                if (typeof x === 'number') {
                        return 'Number';
                }
                if (typeof x === 'boolean') {
                        return 'Boolean';
                }
                if (typeof x === 'string') {
                        return 'String';
                }
        };

        // https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-ecmascript-data-types-and-values

        var Type$1 = function Type$1(x) {
                if (typeof x === 'symbol') {
                        return 'Symbol';
                }
                return Type(x);
        };

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-frompropertydescriptor

        var FromPropertyDescriptor = function FromPropertyDescriptor(Desc) {
                if (typeof Desc === 'undefined') {
                        return Desc;
                }

                assertRecord(Type$1, 'Property Descriptor', 'Desc', Desc);

                var obj = {};
                if ('[[Value]]' in Desc) {
                        obj.value = Desc['[[Value]]'];
                }
                if ('[[Writable]]' in Desc) {
                        obj.writable = Desc['[[Writable]]'];
                }
                if ('[[Get]]' in Desc) {
                        obj.get = Desc['[[Get]]'];
                }
                if ('[[Set]]' in Desc) {
                        obj.set = Desc['[[Set]]'];
                }
                if ('[[Enumerable]]' in Desc) {
                        obj.enumerable = Desc['[[Enumerable]]'];
                }
                if ('[[Configurable]]' in Desc) {
                        obj.configurable = Desc['[[Configurable]]'];
                }
                return obj;
        };

        var $gOPD$1 = GetIntrinsic('%Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor%');
        if ($gOPD$1) {
                try {
                        $gOPD$1([], 'length');
                } catch (e) {
                        // IE 8 has a broken gOPD
                        $gOPD$1 = null;
                }
        }

        var getOwnPropertyDescriptor = $gOPD$1;

        var $Array = GetIntrinsic('%Array%');

        // eslint-disable-next-line global-require
        var toStr$6 = !$Array.isArray && callBound('Object.prototype.toString');

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isarray

        var IsArray = $Array.isArray || function IsArray(argument) {
                return toStr$6(argument) === '[object Array]';
        };

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-ispropertykey

        var IsPropertyKey = function IsPropertyKey(argument) {
                return typeof argument === 'string' || typeof argument === 'symbol';
        };

        var hasSymbols$4 = hasSymbols$1();
        var hasToStringTag$2 = hasSymbols$4 && typeof Symbol.toStringTag === 'symbol';
        var regexExec;
        var isRegexMarker;
        var badStringifier;

        if (hasToStringTag$2) {
                regexExec = Function.call.bind(RegExp.prototype.exec);
                isRegexMarker = {};

                var throwRegexMarker = function () {
                        throw isRegexMarker;
                };
                badStringifier = {
                        toString: throwRegexMarker,
                        valueOf: throwRegexMarker
                };

                if (typeof Symbol.toPrimitive === 'symbol') {
                        badStringifier[Symbol.toPrimitive] = throwRegexMarker;
                }
        }

        var toStr$7 = Object.prototype.toString;
        var regexClass = '[object RegExp]';

        var isRegex = hasToStringTag$2
                // eslint-disable-next-line consistent-return
                ? function isRegex(value) {
                        if (!value || typeof value !== 'object') {
                                return false;
                        }

                        try {
                                regexExec(value, badStringifier);
                        } catch (e) {
                                return e === isRegexMarker;
                        }
                }
                : function isRegex(value) {
                        // In older browsers, typeof regex incorrectly returns 'function'
                        if (!value || (typeof value !== 'object' && typeof value !== 'function')) {
                                return false;
                        }

                        return toStr$7.call(value) === regexClass;
                };

        // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.2

        var ToBoolean = function ToBoolean(value) { return !!value; };

        var $match = GetIntrinsic('%Symbol.match%', true);





        // https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isregexp

        var IsRegExp = function IsRegExp(argument) {
                if (!argument || typeof argument !== 'object') {
                        return false;
                }
                if ($match) {
                        var isRegExp = argument[$match];
                        if (typeof isRegExp !== 'undefined') {
                                return ToBoolean(isRegExp);
                        }
                }
                return isRegex(argument);
        };

        var $TypeError$4 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');





        // https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-8.10.5

        var ToPropertyDescriptor = function ToPropertyDescriptor(Obj) {
                if (Type$1(Obj) !== 'Object') {
                        throw new $TypeError$4('ToPropertyDescriptor requires an object');
                }

                var desc = {};
                if (src(Obj, 'enumerable')) {
                        desc['[[Enumerable]]'] = ToBoolean(Obj.enumerable);
                }
                if (src(Obj, 'configurable')) {
                        desc['[[Configurable]]'] = ToBoolean(Obj.configurable);
                }
                if (src(Obj, 'value')) {
                        desc['[[Value]]'] = Obj.value;
                }
                if (src(Obj, 'writable')) {
                        desc['[[Writable]]'] = ToBoolean(Obj.writable);
                }
                if (src(Obj, 'get')) {
                        var getter = Obj.get;
                        if (typeof getter !== 'undefined' && !IsCallable(getter)) {
                                throw new TypeError('getter must be a function');
                        }
                        desc['[[Get]]'] = getter;
                }
                if (src(Obj, 'set')) {
                        var setter = Obj.set;
                        if (typeof setter !== 'undefined' && !IsCallable(setter)) {
                                throw new $TypeError$4('setter must be a function');
                        }
                        desc['[[Set]]'] = setter;
                }

                if ((src(desc, '[[Get]]') || src(desc, '[[Set]]')) && (src(desc, '[[Value]]') || src(desc, '[[Writable]]'))) {
                        throw new $TypeError$4('Invalid property descriptor. Cannot both specify accessors and a value or writable attribute');
                }
                return desc;
        };

        var $TypeError$5 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');



        var $isEnumerable$1 = callBound('Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable');









        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-ordinarygetownproperty

        var OrdinaryGetOwnProperty = function OrdinaryGetOwnProperty(O, P) {
                if (Type$1(O) !== 'Object') {
                        throw new $TypeError$5('Assertion failed: O must be an Object');
                }
                if (!IsPropertyKey(P)) {
                        throw new $TypeError$5('Assertion failed: P must be a Property Key');
                }
                if (!src(O, P)) {
                        return void 0;
                }
                if (!getOwnPropertyDescriptor) {
                        // ES3 / IE 8 fallback
                        var arrayLength = IsArray(O) && P === 'length';
                        var regexLastIndex = IsRegExp(O) && P === 'lastIndex';
                        return {
                                '[[Configurable]]': !(arrayLength || regexLastIndex),
                                '[[Enumerable]]': $isEnumerable$1(O, P),
                                '[[Value]]': O[P],
                                '[[Writable]]': true
                        };
                }
                return ToPropertyDescriptor(getOwnPropertyDescriptor(O, P));
        };

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isdatadescriptor

        var IsDataDescriptor = function IsDataDescriptor(Desc) {
                if (typeof Desc === 'undefined') {
                        return false;
                }

                assertRecord(Type$1, 'Property Descriptor', 'Desc', Desc);

                if (!src(Desc, '[[Value]]') && !src(Desc, '[[Writable]]')) {
                        return false;
                }

                return true;
        };

        var $Object$1 = GetIntrinsic('%Object%');



        var $preventExtensions = $Object$1.preventExtensions;
        var $isExtensible = $Object$1.isExtensible;

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isextensible-o

        var IsExtensible = $preventExtensions
                ? function IsExtensible(obj) {
                        return !isPrimitive(obj) && $isExtensible(obj);
                }
                : function IsExtensible(obj) {
                        return !isPrimitive(obj);
                };

        // http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.12

        var SameValue = function SameValue(x, y) {
                if (x === y) { // 0 === -0, but they are not identical.
                        if (x === 0) { return 1 / x === 1 / y; }
                        return true;
                }
                return _isNaN(x) && _isNaN(y);
        };

        var $TypeError$6 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');











        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-createdataproperty

        var CreateDataProperty = function CreateDataProperty(O, P, V) {
                if (Type$1(O) !== 'Object') {
                        throw new $TypeError$6('Assertion failed: Type(O) is not Object');
                }
                if (!IsPropertyKey(P)) {
                        throw new $TypeError$6('Assertion failed: IsPropertyKey(P) is not true');
                }
                var oldDesc = OrdinaryGetOwnProperty(O, P);
                var extensible = !oldDesc || IsExtensible(O);
                var immutable = oldDesc && (!oldDesc['[[Writable]]'] || !oldDesc['[[Configurable]]']);
                if (immutable || !extensible) {
                        return false;
                }
                return DefineOwnProperty(
                        IsDataDescriptor,
                        SameValue,
                        FromPropertyDescriptor,
                        O,
                        P,
                        {
                                '[[Configurable]]': true,
                                '[[Enumerable]]': true,
                                '[[Value]]': V,
                                '[[Writable]]': true
                        }
                );
        };

        var $TypeError$7 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');





        // // https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-createdatapropertyorthrow

        var CreateDataPropertyOrThrow = function CreateDataPropertyOrThrow(O, P, V) {
                if (Type$1(O) !== 'Object') {
                        throw new $TypeError$7('Assertion failed: Type(O) is not Object');
                }
                if (!IsPropertyKey(P)) {
                        throw new $TypeError$7('Assertion failed: IsPropertyKey(P) is not true');
                }
                var success = CreateDataProperty(O, P, V);
                if (!success) {
                        throw new $TypeError$7('unable to create data property');
                }
                return success;
        };

        var hasMap = typeof Map === 'function' && Map.prototype;
        var mapSizeDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor && hasMap ? Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Map.prototype, 'size') : null;
        var mapSize = hasMap && mapSizeDescriptor && typeof mapSizeDescriptor.get === 'function' ? mapSizeDescriptor.get : null;
        var mapForEach = hasMap && Map.prototype.forEach;
        var hasSet = typeof Set === 'function' && Set.prototype;
        var setSizeDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor && hasSet ? Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Set.prototype, 'size') : null;
        var setSize = hasSet && setSizeDescriptor && typeof setSizeDescriptor.get === 'function' ? setSizeDescriptor.get : null;
        var setForEach = hasSet && Set.prototype.forEach;
        var booleanValueOf = Boolean.prototype.valueOf;
        var objectToString$1 = Object.prototype.toString;

        var objectInspect = function inspect_ (obj, opts, depth, seen) {
            if (typeof obj === 'undefined') {
                return 'undefined';
            }
            if (obj === null) {
                return 'null';
            }
            if (typeof obj === 'boolean') {
                return obj ? 'true' : 'false';
            }
            if (typeof obj === 'string') {
                return inspectString(obj);
            }
            if (typeof obj === 'number') {
              if (obj === 0) {
                return Infinity / obj > 0 ? '0' : '-0';
              }
              return String(obj);
            }

            if (!opts) { opts = {}; }

            var maxDepth = typeof opts.depth === 'undefined' ? 5 : opts.depth;
            if (typeof depth === 'undefined') { depth = 0; }
            if (depth >= maxDepth && maxDepth > 0 && typeof obj === 'object') {
                return '[Object]';
            }

            if (typeof seen === 'undefined') { seen = []; }
            else if (indexOf$2(seen, obj) >= 0) {
                return '[Circular]';
            }

            function inspect (value, from) {
                if (from) {
                    seen = seen.slice();
                    seen.push(from);
                }
                return inspect_(value, opts, depth + 1, seen);
            }

            if (typeof obj === 'function') {
                var name = nameOf(obj);
                return '[Function' + (name ? ': ' + name : '') + ']';
            }
            if (isSymbol$3(obj)) {
                var symString = Symbol.prototype.toString.call(obj);
                return typeof obj === 'object' ? markBoxed(symString) : symString;
            }
            if (isElement(obj)) {
                var s = '<' + String(obj.nodeName).toLowerCase();
                var attrs = obj.attributes || [];
                for (var i = 0; i < attrs.length; i++) {
                    s += ' ' + attrs[i].name + '="' + quote(attrs[i].value) + '"';
                }
                s += '>';
                if (obj.childNodes && obj.childNodes.length) { s += '...'; }
                s += '</' + String(obj.nodeName).toLowerCase() + '>';
                return s;
            }
            if (isArray$3(obj)) {
                if (obj.length === 0) { return '[]'; }
                return '[ ' + arrObjKeys(obj, inspect).join(', ') + ' ]';
            }
            if (isError(obj)) {
                var parts = arrObjKeys(obj, inspect);
                if (parts.length === 0) { return '[' + String(obj) + ']'; }
                return '{ [' + String(obj) + '] ' + parts.join(', ') + ' }';
            }
            if (typeof obj === 'object' && typeof obj.inspect === 'function') {
                return obj.inspect();
            }
            if (isMap(obj)) {
                var parts = [];
                mapForEach.call(obj, function (value, key) {
                    parts.push(inspect(key, obj) + ' => ' + inspect(value, obj));
                });
                return collectionOf('Map', mapSize.call(obj), parts);
            }
            if (isSet(obj)) {
                var parts = [];
                setForEach.call(obj, function (value ) {
                    parts.push(inspect(value, obj));
                });
                return collectionOf('Set', setSize.call(obj), parts);
            }
            if (isNumber(obj)) {
                return markBoxed(Number(obj));
            }
            if (isBoolean(obj)) {
                return markBoxed(booleanValueOf.call(obj));
            }
            if (isString$1(obj)) {
                return markBoxed(inspect(String(obj)));
            }
            if (!isDate(obj) && !isRegExp(obj)) {
                var xs = arrObjKeys(obj, inspect);
                if (xs.length === 0) { return '{}'; }
                return '{ ' + xs.join(', ') + ' }';
            }
            return String(obj);
        };

        function quote (s) {
            return String(s).replace(/"/g, '&quot;');
        }

        function isArray$3 (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Array]' }
        function isDate (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Date]' }
        function isRegExp (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object RegExp]' }
        function isError (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Error]' }
        function isSymbol$3 (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Symbol]' }
        function isString$1 (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object String]' }
        function isNumber (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Number]' }
        function isBoolean (obj) { return toStr$8(obj) === '[object Boolean]' }

        var hasOwn = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty || function (key) { return key in this; };
        function has$1 (obj, key) {
            return hasOwn.call(obj, key);
        }

        function toStr$8 (obj) {
            return objectToString$1.call(obj);
        }

        function nameOf (f) {
            if (f.name) { return f.name; }
            var m = String(f).match(/^function\s*([\w$]+)/);
            if (m) { return m[1]; }
        }

        function indexOf$2 (xs, x) {
            if (xs.indexOf) { return xs.indexOf(x); }
            for (var i = 0, l = xs.length; i < l; i++) {
                if (xs[i] === x) { return i; }
            }
            return -1;
        }

        function isMap (x) {
            if (!mapSize) {
                return false;
            }
            try {
                mapSize.call(x);
                try {
                    setSize.call(x);
                } catch (s) {
                    return true;
                }
                return x instanceof Map; // core-js workaround, pre-v2.5.0
            } catch (e) {}
            return false;
        }

        function isSet (x) {
            if (!setSize) {
                return false;
            }
            try {
                setSize.call(x);
                try {
                    mapSize.call(x);
                } catch (m) {
                    return true;
                }
                return x instanceof Set; // core-js workaround, pre-v2.5.0
            } catch (e) {}
            return false;
        }

        function isElement (x) {
            if (!x || typeof x !== 'object') { return false; }
            if (typeof HTMLElement !== 'undefined' && x instanceof HTMLElement) {
                return true;
            }
            return typeof x.nodeName === 'string'
                && typeof x.getAttribute === 'function'
            ;
        }

        function inspectString (str) {
            var s = str.replace(/(['\\])/g, '\\$1').replace(/[\x00-\x1f]/g, lowbyte);
            return "'" + s + "'";
        }

        function lowbyte (c) {
            var n = c.charCodeAt(0);
            var x = { 8: 'b', 9: 't', 10: 'n', 12: 'f', 13: 'r' }[n];
            if (x) { return '\\' + x; }
            return '\\x' + (n < 0x10 ? '0' : '') + n.toString(16);
        }

        function markBoxed (str) {
            return 'Object(' + str + ')';
        }

        function collectionOf (type, size, entries) {
            return type + ' (' + size + ') {' + entries.join(', ') + '}';
        }

        function arrObjKeys (obj, inspect) {
            var isArr = isArray$3(obj);
            var xs = [];
            if (isArr) {
                xs.length = obj.length;
                for (var i = 0; i < obj.length; i++) {
                    xs[i] = has$1(obj, i) ? inspect(obj[i], obj) : '';
                }
            }
            for (var key in obj) {
                if (!has$1(obj, key)) { continue; }
                if (isArr && String(Number(key)) === key && key < obj.length) { continue; }
                if (/[^\w$]/.test(key)) {
                    xs.push(inspect(key, obj) + ': ' + inspect(obj[key], obj));
                } else {
                    xs.push(key + ': ' + inspect(obj[key], obj));
                }
            }
            return xs;
        }

        var $TypeError$8 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');






        /**
         * 7.3.1 Get (O, P) - https://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-get-o-p
         * 1. Assert: Type(O) is Object.
         * 2. Assert: IsPropertyKey(P) is true.
         * 3. Return O.[[Get]](P, O).
         */

        var Get = function Get(O, P) {
                // 7.3.1.1
                if (Type$1(O) !== 'Object') {
                        throw new $TypeError$8('Assertion failed: Type(O) is not Object');
                }
                // 7.3.1.2
                if (!IsPropertyKey(P)) {
                        throw new $TypeError$8('Assertion failed: IsPropertyKey(P) is not true, got ' + objectInspect(P));
                }
                // 7.3.1.3
                return O[P];
        };

        var $TypeError$9 = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');

        var isPropertyDescriptor = function IsPropertyDescriptor(ES, Desc) {
                if (ES.Type(Desc) !== 'Object') {
                        return false;
                }
                var allowed = {
                        '[[Configurable]]': true,
                        '[[Enumerable]]': true,
                        '[[Get]]': true,
                        '[[Set]]': true,
                        '[[Value]]': true,
                        '[[Writable]]': true
                };

                for (var key in Desc) { // eslint-disable-line no-restricted-syntax
                        if (src(Desc, key) && !allowed[key]) {
                                return false;
                        }
                }

                if (ES.IsDataDescriptor(Desc) && ES.IsAccessorDescriptor(Desc)) {
                        throw new $TypeError$9('Property Descriptors may not be both accessor and data descriptors');
                }
                return true;
        };

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isaccessordescriptor

        var IsAccessorDescriptor = function IsAccessorDescriptor(Desc) {
                if (typeof Desc === 'undefined') {
                        return false;
                }

                assertRecord(Type$1, 'Property Descriptor', 'Desc', Desc);

                if (!src(Desc, '[[Get]]') && !src(Desc, '[[Set]]')) {
                        return false;
                }

                return true;
        };

        var $TypeError$a = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');












        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-definepropertyorthrow

        var DefinePropertyOrThrow = function DefinePropertyOrThrow(O, P, desc) {
                if (Type$1(O) !== 'Object') {
                        throw new $TypeError$a('Assertion failed: Type(O) is not Object');
                }

                if (!IsPropertyKey(P)) {
                        throw new $TypeError$a('Assertion failed: IsPropertyKey(P) is not true');
                }

                var Desc = isPropertyDescriptor({
                        Type: Type$1,
                        IsDataDescriptor: IsDataDescriptor,
                        IsAccessorDescriptor: IsAccessorDescriptor
                }, desc) ? desc : ToPropertyDescriptor(desc);
                if (!isPropertyDescriptor({
                        Type: Type$1,
                        IsDataDescriptor: IsDataDescriptor,
                        IsAccessorDescriptor: IsAccessorDescriptor
                }, Desc)) {
                        throw new $TypeError$a('Assertion failed: Desc is not a valid Property Descriptor');
                }

                return DefineOwnProperty(
                        IsDataDescriptor,
                        SameValue,
                        FromPropertyDescriptor,
                        O,
                        P,
                        Desc
                );
        };

        var IsConstructor = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {



        var $construct = GetIntrinsic('%Reflect.construct%', true);

        var DefinePropertyOrThrow$1 = DefinePropertyOrThrow;
        try {
                DefinePropertyOrThrow$1({}, '', { '[[Get]]': function () {} });
        } catch (e) {
                // Accessor properties aren't supported
                DefinePropertyOrThrow$1 = null;
        }

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isconstructor

        if (DefinePropertyOrThrow$1 && $construct) {
                var isConstructorMarker = {};
                var badArrayLike = {};
                DefinePropertyOrThrow$1(badArrayLike, 'length', {
                        '[[Get]]': function () {
                                throw isConstructorMarker;
                        },
                        '[[Enumerable]]': true
                });

                module.exports = function IsConstructor(argument) {
                        try {
                                // `Reflect.construct` invokes `IsConstructor(target)` before `Get(args, 'length')`:
                                $construct(argument, badArrayLike);
                        } catch (err) {
                                return err === isConstructorMarker;
                        }
                };
        } else {
                module.exports = function IsConstructor(argument) {
                        // unfortunately there's no way to truly check this without try/catch `new argument` in old environments
                        return typeof argument === 'function' && !!argument.prototype;
                };
        }
        });

        var $String = GetIntrinsic('%String%');
        var $TypeError$b = GetIntrinsic('%TypeError%');

        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-tostring

        var ToString = function ToString(argument) {
                if (typeof argument === 'symbol') {
                        throw new $TypeError$b('Cannot convert a Symbol value to a string');
                }
                return $String(argument);
        };

        var hasToStringTag$3 = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol.toStringTag === 'symbol';
        var toStr$9 = Object.prototype.toString;

        var isStandardArguments = function isArguments(value) {
                if (hasToStringTag$3 && value && typeof value === 'object' && Symbol.toStringTag in value) {
                        return false;
                }
                return toStr$9.call(value) === '[object Arguments]';
        };

        var isLegacyArguments = function isArguments(value) {
                if (isStandardArguments(value)) {
                        return true;
                }
                return value !== null &&
                        typeof value === 'object' &&
                        typeof value.length === 'number' &&
                        value.length >= 0 &&
                        toStr$9.call(value) !== '[object Array]' &&
                        toStr$9.call(value.callee) === '[object Function]';
        };

        var supportsStandardArguments = (function () {
                return isStandardArguments(arguments);
        }());

        isStandardArguments.isLegacyArguments = isLegacyArguments; // for tests

        var isArguments$2 = supportsStandardArguments ? isStandardArguments : isLegacyArguments;

        var toString = {}.toString;

        var isarray = Array.isArray || function (arr) {
          return toString.call(arr) == '[object Array]';
        };

        var strValue = String.prototype.valueOf;
        var tryStringObject = function tryStringObject(value) {
                try {
                        strValue.call(value);
                        return true;
                } catch (e) {
                        return false;
                }
        };
        var toStr$a = Object.prototype.toString;
        var strClass = '[object String]';
        var hasToStringTag$4 = typeof Symbol === 'function' && typeof Symbol.toStringTag === 'symbol';

        var isString$2 = function isString(value) {
                if (typeof value === 'string') {
                        return true;
                }
                if (typeof value !== 'object') {
                        return false;
                }
                return hasToStringTag$4 ? tryStringObject(value) : toStr$a.call(value) === strClass;
        };

        var $Map = typeof Map === 'function' && Map.prototype ? Map : null;
        var $Set = typeof Set === 'function' && Set.prototype ? Set : null;

        var exported;

        if (!$Map) {
                // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
                exported = function isMap(x) {
                        // `Map` is not present in this environment.
                        return false;
                };
        }

        var $mapHas = $Map ? Map.prototype.has : null;
        var $setHas = $Set ? Set.prototype.has : null;
        if (!exported && !$mapHas) {
                // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
                exported = function isMap(x) {
                        // `Map` does not have a `has` method
                        return false;
                };
        }

        var isMap$1 = exported || function isMap(x) {
                if (!x || typeof x !== 'object') {
                        return false;
                }
                try {
                        $mapHas.call(x);
                        if ($setHas) {
                                try {
                                        $setHas.call(x);
                                } catch (e) {
                                        return true;
                                }
                        }
                        return x instanceof $Map; // core-js workaround, pre-v2.5.0
                } catch (e$1) {}
                return false;
        };

        var $Map$1 = typeof Map === 'function' && Map.prototype ? Map : null;
        var $Set$1 = typeof Set === 'function' && Set.prototype ? Set : null;

        var exported$1;

        if (!$Set$1) {
                // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
                exported$1 = function isSet(x) {
                        // `Set` is not present in this environment.
                        return false;
                };
        }

        var $mapHas$1 = $Map$1 ? Map.prototype.has : null;
        var $setHas$1 = $Set$1 ? Set.prototype.has : null;
        if (!exported$1 && !$setHas$1) {
                // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
                exported$1 = function isSet(x) {
                        // `Set` does not have a `has` method
                        return false;
                };
        }

        var isSet$1 = exported$1 || function isSet(x) {
                if (!x || typeof x !== 'object') {
                        return false;
                }
                try {
                        $setHas$1.call(x);
                        if ($mapHas$1) {
                                try {
                                        $mapHas$1.call(x);
                                } catch (e) {
                                        return true;
                                }
                        }
                        return x instanceof $Set$1; // core-js workaround, pre-v2.5.0
                } catch (e$1) {}
                return false;
        };

        var esGetIterator = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {

        /* eslint global-require: 0 */
        // the code is structured this way so that bundlers can
        // alias out `has-symbols` to `() => true` or `() => false` if your target
        // environments' Symbol capabilities are known, and then use
        // dead code elimination on the rest of this module.
        //
        // Similarly, `isarray` can be aliased to `Array.isArray` if
        // available in all target environments.



        if (hasSymbols$1() || shams()) {
                var $iterator = Symbol.iterator;
                // Symbol is available natively or shammed
                // natively:
                //  - Chrome >= 38
                //  - Edge 12-14?, Edge >= 15 for sure
                //  - FF >= 36
                //  - Safari >= 9
                //  - node >= 0.12
                module.exports = function getIterator(iterable) {
                        // alternatively, `iterable[$iterator]?.()`
                        if (iterable != null && typeof iterable[$iterator] !== 'undefined') {
                                return iterable[$iterator]();
                        }
                        if (isArguments$2(iterable)) {
                                // arguments objects lack Symbol.iterator
                                // - node 0.12
                                return Array.prototype[$iterator].call(iterable);
                        }
                };
        } else {
                // Symbol is not available, native or shammed
                var isArray = isarray;
                var isString = isString$2;
                var GetIntrinsic$1 = GetIntrinsic;
                var $Map = GetIntrinsic$1('%Map%', true);
                var $Set = GetIntrinsic$1('%Set%', true);
                var callBound$1 = callBound;
                var $arrayPush = callBound$1('Array.prototype.push');
                var $charCodeAt = callBound$1('String.prototype.charCodeAt');
                var $stringSlice = callBound$1('String.prototype.slice');

                var advanceStringIndex = function advanceStringIndex(S, index) {
                        var length = S.length;
                        if ((index + 1) >= length) {
                                return index + 1;
                        }

                        var first = $charCodeAt(S, index);
                        if (first < 0xD800 || first > 0xDBFF) {
                                return index + 1;
                        }

                        var second = $charCodeAt(S, index + 1);
                        if (second < 0xDC00 || second > 0xDFFF) {
                                return index + 1;
                        }

                        return index + 2;
                };

                var getArrayIterator = function getArrayIterator(arraylike) {
                        var i = 0;
                        return {
                                next: function next() {
                                        var done = i >= arraylike.length;
                                        var value;
                                        if (!done) {
                                                value = arraylike[i];
                                                i += 1;
                                        }
                                        return {
                                                done: done,
                                                value: value
                                        };
                                }
                        };
                };

                var getNonCollectionIterator = function getNonCollectionIterator(iterable) {
                        if (isArray(iterable) || isArguments$2(iterable)) {
                                return getArrayIterator(iterable);
                        }
                        if (isString(iterable)) {
                                var i = 0;
                                return {
                                        next: function next() {
                                                var nextIndex = advanceStringIndex(iterable, i);
                                                var value = $stringSlice(iterable, i, nextIndex);
                                                i = nextIndex;
                                                return {
                                                        done: nextIndex > iterable.length,
                                                        value: value
                                                };
                                        }
                                };
                        }
                };

                if (!$Map && !$Set) {
                        // the only language iterables are Array, String, arguments
                        // - Safari <= 6.0
                        // - Chrome < 38
                        // - node < 0.12
                        // - FF < 13
                        // - IE < 11
                        // - Edge < 11

                        module.exports = getNonCollectionIterator;
                } else {
                        // either Map or Set are available, but Symbol is not
                        // - es6-shim on an ES5 browser
                        // - Safari 6.2 (maybe 6.1?)
                        // - FF v[13, 36)
                        // - IE 11
                        // - Edge 11
                        // - Safari v[6, 9)

                        var isMap = isMap$1;
                        var isSet = isSet$1;

                        // Firefox >= 27, IE 11, Safari 6.2 - 9, Edge 11, es6-shim in older envs, all have forEach
                        var $mapForEach = callBound$1('Map.prototype.forEach', true);
                        var $setForEach = callBound$1('Set.prototype.forEach', true);
                        if (typeof process === 'undefined' || !process.versions || !process.versions.node) { // "if is not node"

                                // Firefox 17 - 26 has `.iterator()`, whose iterator `.next()` either
                                // returns a value, or throws a StopIteration object. These browsers
                                // do not have any other mechanism for iteration.
                                var $mapIterator = callBound$1('Map.prototype.iterator', true);
                                var $setIterator = callBound$1('Set.prototype.iterator', true);
                                var getStopIterationIterator = function (iterator) {
                                        var done = false;
                                        return {
                                                next: function next() {
                                                        try {
                                                                return {
                                                                        done: done,
                                                                        value: done ? undefined : iterator.next()
                                                                };
                                                        } catch (e) {
                                                                done = true;
                                                                return {
                                                                        done: true,
                                                                        value: undefined
                                                                };
                                                        }
                                                }
                                        };
                                };
                        }
                        // Firefox 27-35, and some older es6-shim versions, use a string "@@iterator" property
                        // this returns a proper iterator object, so we should use it instead of forEach.
                        // newer es6-shim versions use a string "_es6-shim iterator_" property.
                        var $mapAtAtIterator = callBound$1('Map.prototype.@@iterator', true) || callBound$1('Map.prototype._es6-shim iterator_', true);
                        var $setAtAtIterator = callBound$1('Set.prototype.@@iterator', true) || callBound$1('Set.prototype._es6-shim iterator_', true);

                        var getCollectionIterator = function getCollectionIterator(iterable) {
                                if (isMap(iterable)) {
                                        if ($mapIterator) {
                                                return getStopIterationIterator($mapIterator(iterable));
                                        }
                                        if ($mapAtAtIterator) {
                                                return $mapAtAtIterator(iterable);
                                        }
                                        if ($mapForEach) {
                                                var entries = [];
                                                $mapForEach(iterable, function (v, k) {
                                                        $arrayPush(entries, [k, v]);
                                                });
                                                return getArrayIterator(entries);
                                        }
                                }
                                if (isSet(iterable)) {
                                        if ($setIterator) {
                                                return getStopIterationIterator($setIterator(iterable));
                                        }
                                        if ($setAtAtIterator) {
                                                return $setAtAtIterator(iterable);
                                        }
                                        if ($setForEach) {
                                                var values = [];
                                                $setForEach(iterable, function (v) {
                                                        $arrayPush(values, v);
                                                });
                                                return getArrayIterator(values);
                                        }
                                }
                        };

                        module.exports = function getIterator(iterable) {
                                return getCollectionIterator(iterable) || getNonCollectionIterator(iterable);
                        };
                }
        }
        });

        var $TypeError$c = TypeError;

        // eslint-disable-next-line consistent-return
        var iterateIterator = function iterateIterator(iterator) {
                if (!iterator || typeof iterator.next !== 'function') {
                        throw new $TypeError$c('iterator must be an object with a `next` method');
                }
                if (arguments.length > 1) {
                        var callback = arguments[1];
                        if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
                                throw new $TypeError$c('`callback`, if provided, must be a function');
                        }
                }
                var values = callback || [];
                var result;
                while ((result = iterator.next()) && !result.done) {
                        if (callback) {
                                callback(result.value); // eslint-disable-line callback-return
                        } else {
                                values.push(result.value);
                        }
                }
                if (!callback) {
                        return values;
                }
        };

        var $TypeError$d = TypeError;


        var iterateValue = function iterateValue(iterable) {
                var iterator = esGetIterator(iterable);
                if (!iterator) {
                        throw new $TypeError$d('non-iterable value provided');
                }
                if (arguments.length > 1) {
                        return iterateIterator(iterator, arguments[1]);
                }
                return iterateIterator(iterator);
        };

        var implementation$5 = function from(items) {
                var C = this;
                if (items === null || typeof items === 'undefined') {
                        throw new TypeError('`Array.from` requires an array-like object, not `null` or `undefined`');
                }
                var mapFn, T;
                if (typeof arguments[1] !== 'undefined') {
                        mapFn = arguments[1];
                        if (!IsCallable(mapFn)) {
                                throw new TypeError('When provided, the second argument to `Array.from` must be a function');
                        }
                        if (arguments.length > 2) {
                                T = arguments[2];
                        }
                }

                var values;
                try {
                        values = iterateValue(items);
                } catch (e) {
                        values = items;
                }

                var arrayLike = ToObject(values);
                var len = ToLength(arrayLike.length);
                var A = IsConstructor(C) ? ToObject(new C(len)) : new Array(len);
                var k = 0;
                var kValue, mappedValue;

                while (k < len) {
                        var Pk = ToString(k);
                        kValue = Get(arrayLike, Pk);
                        if (mapFn) {
                                mappedValue = typeof T === 'undefined' ? mapFn(kValue, k) : Call(mapFn, T, [kValue, k]);
                        } else {
                                mappedValue = kValue;
                        }
                        CreateDataPropertyOrThrow(A, Pk, mappedValue);
                        k += 1;
                }
                A.length = len;
                return A;
        };

        var tryCall = function (fn) {
                try {
                        return fn();
                } catch (e) {
                        return false;
                }
        };

        var polyfill$8 = function getPolyfill() {
                if (IsCallable(Array.from)) {
                        var handlesUndefMapper = tryCall(function () {
                                // Microsoft Edge v0.11 throws if the mapFn argument is *provided* but undefined,
                                // but the spec doesn't care if it's provided or not - undefined doesn't throw.
                                return Array.from([0], undefined);
                        });
                        if (!handlesUndefMapper) {
                                var origArrayFrom = Array.from;
                                return function from(items) {
                                        /* eslint no-invalid-this: 0 */
                                        if (arguments.length > 1 && typeof arguments[1] !== 'undefined') {
                                                return Call(origArrayFrom, this, arguments);
                                        } else {
                                                return Call(origArrayFrom, this, [items]);
                                        }
                                };
                        }
                        var implemented = tryCall(function () {
                                // Detects a Firefox bug in v32
                                // https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1063993
                                return Array.from({ 'length': -1 }) === 0;
                        })
                        && tryCall(function () {
                                // Detects a bug in Webkit nightly r181886
                                var arr = Array.from([0].entries());
                                return arr.length === 1 && IsArray(arr[0]) && arr[0][0] === 0 && arr[0][1] === 0;
                        })
                        && tryCall(function () {
                                return Array.from({ 'length': -Infinity });
                        });
                        if (implemented) {
                                return Array.from;
                        }
                }

                return implementation$5;
        };

        var shim$a = function shimArrayFrom() {
                var polyfill = polyfill$8();

                defineProperties_1(Array, { 'from': polyfill }, {
                        'from': function () {
                                return Array.from !== polyfill;
                        }
                });

                return polyfill;
        };

        var polyfill$9 = polyfill$8();

        // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
        var boundFromShim = function from(items) {
                // eslint-disable-next-line no-invalid-this
                return polyfill$9.apply(this || Array, arguments);
        };

        defineProperties_1(boundFromShim, {
                'getPolyfill': polyfill$8,
                'implementation': implementation$5,
                'shim': shim$a
        });

        var array_from = boundFromShim;

        var $isEnumerable$2 = callBound('Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable');

        var implementation$6 = function values(O) {
                var obj = RequireObjectCoercible(O);
                var vals = [];
                for (var key in obj) {
                        if (src(obj, key) && $isEnumerable$2(obj, key)) {
                                vals.push(obj[key]);
                        }
                }
                return vals;
        };

        var polyfill$a = function getPolyfill() {
                return typeof Object.values === 'function' ? Object.values : implementation$6;
        };

        var shim$b = function shimValues() {
                var polyfill = polyfill$a();
                defineProperties_1(Object, { values: polyfill }, {
                        values: function testValues() {
                                return Object.values !== polyfill;
                        }
                });
                return polyfill;
        };

        var polyfill$b = polyfill$a();

        defineProperties_1(polyfill$b, {
                getPolyfill: polyfill$a,
                implementation: implementation$6,
                shim: shim$b
        });

        var object_values = polyfill$b;

        // modified from https://github.com/es-shims/es6-shim


        var canBeObject = function (obj) {
                return typeof obj !== 'undefined' && obj !== null;
        };
        var hasSymbols$5 = shams();
        var toObject = Object;
        var push = functionBind.call(Function.call, Array.prototype.push);
        var propIsEnumerable = functionBind.call(Function.call, Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable);
        var originalGetSymbols = hasSymbols$5 ? Object.getOwnPropertySymbols : null;

        var implementation$7 = function assign(target, source1) {
                var arguments$1 = arguments;

                if (!canBeObject(target)) { throw new TypeError('target must be an object'); }
                var objTarget = toObject(target);
                var s, source, i, props, syms, value, key;
                for (s = 1; s < arguments.length; ++s) {
                        source = toObject(arguments$1[s]);
                        props = objectKeys(source);
                        var getSymbols = hasSymbols$5 && (Object.getOwnPropertySymbols || originalGetSymbols);
                        if (getSymbols) {
                                syms = getSymbols(source);
                                for (i = 0; i < syms.length; ++i) {
                                        key = syms[i];
                                        if (propIsEnumerable(source, key)) {
                                                push(props, key);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        for (i = 0; i < props.length; ++i) {
                                key = props[i];
                                value = source[key];
                                if (propIsEnumerable(source, key)) {
                                        objTarget[key] = value;
                                }
                        }
                }
                return objTarget;
        };

        var lacksProperEnumerationOrder = function () {
                if (!Object.assign) {
                        return false;
                }
                // v8, specifically in node 4.x, has a bug with incorrect property enumeration order
                // note: this does not detect the bug unless there's 20 characters
                var str = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrst';
                var letters = str.split('');
                var map = {};
                for (var i = 0; i < letters.length; ++i) {
                        map[letters[i]] = letters[i];
                }
                var obj = Object.assign({}, map);
                var actual = '';
                for (var k in obj) {
                        actual += k;
                }
                return str !== actual;
        };

        var assignHasPendingExceptions = function () {
                if (!Object.assign || !Object.preventExtensions) {
                        return false;
                }
                // Firefox 37 still has "pending exception" logic in its Object.assign implementation,
                // which is 72% slower than our shim, and Firefox 40's native implementation.
                var thrower = Object.preventExtensions({ 1: 2 });
                try {
                        Object.assign(thrower, 'xy');
                } catch (e) {
                        return thrower[1] === 'y';
                }
                return false;
        };

        var polyfill$c = function getPolyfill() {
                if (!Object.assign) {
                        return implementation$7;
                }
                if (lacksProperEnumerationOrder()) {
                        return implementation$7;
                }
                if (assignHasPendingExceptions()) {
                        return implementation$7;
                }
                return Object.assign;
        };

        var shim$c = function shimAssign() {
                var polyfill = polyfill$c();
                defineProperties_1(
                        Object,
                        { assign: polyfill },
                        { assign: function () { return Object.assign !== polyfill; } }
                );
                return polyfill;
        };

        var polyfill$d = polyfill$c();

        defineProperties_1(polyfill$d, {
                getPolyfill: polyfill$c,
                implementation: implementation$7,
                shim: shim$c
        });

        var object_assign = polyfill$d;

        /**
         * @this {Promise}
         */
        function finallyConstructor(callback) {
          var constructor = this.constructor;
          return this.then(
            function(value) {
              // @ts-ignore
              return constructor.resolve(callback()).then(function() {
                return value;
              });
            },
            function(reason) {
              // @ts-ignore
              return constructor.resolve(callback()).then(function() {
                // @ts-ignore
                return constructor.reject(reason);
              });
            }
          );
        }

        // Store setTimeout reference so promise-polyfill will be unaffected by
        // other code modifying setTimeout (like sinon.useFakeTimers())
        var setTimeoutFunc = setTimeout;

        function isArray$4(x) {
          return Boolean(x && typeof x.length !== 'undefined');
        }

        function noop$1() {}

        // Polyfill for Function.prototype.bind
        function bind$2(fn, thisArg) {
          return function() {
            fn.apply(thisArg, arguments);
          };
        }

        /**
         * @constructor
         * @param {Function} fn
         */
        function Promise$1(fn) {
          if (!(this instanceof Promise$1))
            { throw new TypeError('Promises must be constructed via new'); }
          if (typeof fn !== 'function') { throw new TypeError('not a function'); }
          /** @type {!number} */
          this._state = 0;
          /** @type {!boolean} */
          this._handled = false;
          /** @type {Promise|undefined} */
          this._value = undefined;
          /** @type {!Array<!Function>} */
          this._deferreds = [];

          doResolve(fn, this);
        }

        function handle(self, deferred) {
          while (self._state === 3) {
            self = self._value;
          }
          if (self._state === 0) {
            self._deferreds.push(deferred);
            return;
          }
          self._handled = true;
          Promise$1._immediateFn(function() {
            var cb = self._state === 1 ? deferred.onFulfilled : deferred.onRejected;
            if (cb === null) {
              (self._state === 1 ? resolve : reject)(deferred.promise, self._value);
              return;
            }
            var ret;
            try {
              ret = cb(self._value);
            } catch (e) {
              reject(deferred.promise, e);
              return;
            }
            resolve(deferred.promise, ret);
          });
        }

        function resolve(self, newValue) {
          try {
            // Promise Resolution Procedure: https://github.com/promises-aplus/promises-spec#the-promise-resolution-procedure
            if (newValue === self)
              { throw new TypeError('A promise cannot be resolved with itself.'); }
            if (
              newValue &&
              (typeof newValue === 'object' || typeof newValue === 'function')
            ) {
              var then = newValue.then;
              if (newValue instanceof Promise$1) {
                self._state = 3;
                self._value = newValue;
                finale(self);
                return;
              } else if (typeof then === 'function') {
                doResolve(bind$2(then, newValue), self);
                return;
              }
            }
            self._state = 1;
            self._value = newValue;
            finale(self);
          } catch (e) {
            reject(self, e);
          }
        }

        function reject(self, newValue) {
          self._state = 2;
          self._value = newValue;
          finale(self);
        }

        function finale(self) {
          if (self._state === 2 && self._deferreds.length === 0) {
            Promise$1._immediateFn(function() {
              if (!self._handled) {
                Promise$1._unhandledRejectionFn(self._value);
              }
            });
          }

          for (var i = 0, len = self._deferreds.length; i < len; i++) {
            handle(self, self._deferreds[i]);
          }
          self._deferreds = null;
        }

        /**
         * @constructor
         */
        function Handler(onFulfilled, onRejected, promise) {
          this.onFulfilled = typeof onFulfilled === 'function' ? onFulfilled : null;
          this.onRejected = typeof onRejected === 'function' ? onRejected : null;
          this.promise = promise;
        }

        /**
         * Take a potentially misbehaving resolver function and make sure
         * onFulfilled and onRejected are only called once.
         *
         * Makes no guarantees about asynchrony.
         */
        function doResolve(fn, self) {
          var done = false;
          try {
            fn(
              function(value) {
                if (done) { return; }
                done = true;
                resolve(self, value);
              },
              function(reason) {
                if (done) { return; }
                done = true;
                reject(self, reason);
              }
            );
          } catch (ex) {
            if (done) { return; }
            done = true;
            reject(self, ex);
          }
        }

        Promise$1.prototype['catch'] = function(onRejected) {
          return this.then(null, onRejected);
        };

        Promise$1.prototype.then = function(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
          // @ts-ignore
          var prom = new this.constructor(noop$1);

          handle(this, new Handler(onFulfilled, onRejected, prom));
          return prom;
        };

        Promise$1.prototype['finally'] = finallyConstructor;

        Promise$1.all = function(arr) {
          return new Promise$1(function(resolve, reject) {
            if (!isArray$4(arr)) {
              return reject(new TypeError('Promise.all accepts an array'));
            }

            var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arr);
            if (args.length === 0) { return resolve([]); }
            var remaining = args.length;

            function res(i, val) {
              try {
                if (val && (typeof val === 'object' || typeof val === 'function')) {
                  var then = val.then;
                  if (typeof then === 'function') {
                    then.call(
                      val,
                      function(val) {
                        res(i, val);
                      },
                      reject
                    );
                    return;
                  }
                }
                args[i] = val;
                if (--remaining === 0) {
                  resolve(args);
                }
              } catch (ex) {
                reject(ex);
              }
            }

            for (var i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
              res(i, args[i]);
            }
          });
        };

        Promise$1.resolve = function(value) {
          if (value && typeof value === 'object' && value.constructor === Promise$1) {
            return value;
          }

          return new Promise$1(function(resolve) {
            resolve(value);
          });
        };

        Promise$1.reject = function(value) {
          return new Promise$1(function(resolve, reject) {
            reject(value);
          });
        };

        Promise$1.race = function(arr) {
          return new Promise$1(function(resolve, reject) {
            if (!isArray$4(arr)) {
              return reject(new TypeError('Promise.race accepts an array'));
            }

            for (var i = 0, len = arr.length; i < len; i++) {
              Promise$1.resolve(arr[i]).then(resolve, reject);
            }
          });
        };

        // Use polyfill for setImmediate for performance gains
        Promise$1._immediateFn =
          // @ts-ignore
          (typeof setImmediate === 'function' &&
            function(fn) {
              // @ts-ignore
              setImmediate(fn);
            }) ||
          function(fn) {
            setTimeoutFunc(fn, 0);
          };

        Promise$1._unhandledRejectionFn = function _unhandledRejectionFn(err) {
          if (typeof console !== 'undefined' && console) {
            console.warn('Possible Unhandled Promise Rejection:', err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
          }
        };

        /** @suppress {undefinedVars} */
        var globalNS = (function() {
          // the only reliable means to get the global object is
          // `Function('return this')()`
          // However, this causes CSP violations in Chrome apps.
          if (typeof self !== 'undefined') {
            return self;
          }
          if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
            return window;
          }
          if (typeof global !== 'undefined') {
            return global;
          }
          throw new Error('unable to locate global object');
        })();

        if (!('Promise' in globalNS)) {
          globalNS['Promise'] = Promise$1;
        } else if (!globalNS.Promise.prototype['finally']) {
          globalNS.Promise.prototype['finally'] = finallyConstructor;
        }

        var polyfill$e = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
                __proto__: null
        });

        var setAsap = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
        (function (thisVar, undefined$1) {
                var main = (typeof window === 'object' && window) || (typeof commonjsGlobal === 'object' && commonjsGlobal) ||
                        typeof self === 'object' && self || thisVar;

                var hasSetImmediate = typeof setImmediate === 'function';
                var hasNextTick = typeof process === 'object' && !!process && typeof process.nextTick === 'function';
                var index = 0;

                function getNewIndex() {
                        if (index === 9007199254740991) {
                                return 0;
                        }
                        return ++index;
                }

                var setAsap = (function () {
                        var hiddenDiv, scriptEl, timeoutFn, callbacks;

                        // Modern browsers, fastest async
                        if (main.MutationObserver) {
                                return function setAsap(callback) {
                                        hiddenDiv = document.createElement("div");
                                        (new MutationObserver(function() {
                                                callback();
                                                hiddenDiv = null;
                                        })).observe(hiddenDiv, { attributes: true });
                                        hiddenDiv.setAttribute('i', '1');
                                };

                        // Browsers that support postMessage
                        } else if (!hasSetImmediate && main.postMessage && !main.importScripts && main.addEventListener) {

                                var MESSAGE_PREFIX = "com.setImmediate" + Math.random();
                                callbacks = {};

                                var onGlobalMessage = function (event) {
                                        if (event.source === main && event.data.indexOf(MESSAGE_PREFIX) === 0) {
                                                var i = +event.data.split(':')[1];
                                                callbacks[i]();
                                                delete callbacks[i];
                                        }
                                };

                                main.addEventListener("message", onGlobalMessage, false);

                                return function setAsap(callback) {
                                        var i = getNewIndex();
                                        callbacks[i] = callback;
                                        main.postMessage(MESSAGE_PREFIX + ':' + i, "*");
                                };

                                // IE browsers without postMessage
                        } else if (!hasSetImmediate && main.document && 'onreadystatechange' in document.createElement('script')) {

                                return function setAsap(callback) {
                                        scriptEl = document.createElement("script");
                                        scriptEl.onreadystatechange = function onreadystatechange() {
                                                scriptEl.onreadystatechange = null;
                                                scriptEl.parentNode.removeChild(scriptEl);
                                                scriptEl = null;
                                                callback();
                                        };
                                        document.body.appendChild(scriptEl);
                                };

                        // All other browsers and node
                        } else {

                                timeoutFn = (hasSetImmediate && setImmediate) || (hasNextTick && process.nextTick) || setTimeout;
                                return function setAsap(callback) {
                                        timeoutFn(callback);
                                };
                        }

                })();

                if ( module.exports) {
                        module.exports = setAsap;
                } else if (typeof commonjsRequire !== 'undefined' && commonjsRequire.amd) {
                        undefined$1(function () {
                                return setAsap;
                        });
                } else {
                        main.setAsap = setAsap;
                }
        })(commonjsGlobal);
        });

        var performanceNow = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
        // Generated by CoffeeScript 1.12.2
        (function() {
          var getNanoSeconds, hrtime, loadTime, moduleLoadTime, nodeLoadTime, upTime;

          if ((typeof performance !== "undefined" && performance !== null) && performance.now) {
            module.exports = function() {
              return performance.now();
            };
          } else if ((typeof process !== "undefined" && process !== null) && process.hrtime) {
            module.exports = function() {
              return (getNanoSeconds() - nodeLoadTime) / 1e6;
            };
            hrtime = process.hrtime;
            getNanoSeconds = function() {
              var hr;
              hr = hrtime();
              return hr[0] * 1e9 + hr[1];
            };
            moduleLoadTime = getNanoSeconds();
            upTime = process.uptime() * 1e9;
            nodeLoadTime = moduleLoadTime - upTime;
          } else if (Date.now) {
            module.exports = function() {
              return Date.now() - loadTime;
            };
            loadTime = Date.now();
          } else {
            module.exports = function() {
              return new Date().getTime() - loadTime;
            };
            loadTime = new Date().getTime();
          }

        }).call(commonjsGlobal);


        });

        var root = typeof window === 'undefined' ? commonjsGlobal : window
          , vendors = ['moz', 'webkit']
          , suffix = 'AnimationFrame'
          , raf = root['request' + suffix]
          , caf = root['cancel' + suffix] || root['cancelRequest' + suffix];

        for(var i = 0; !raf && i < vendors.length; i++) {
          raf = root[vendors[i] + 'Request' + suffix];
          caf = root[vendors[i] + 'Cancel' + suffix]
              || root[vendors[i] + 'CancelRequest' + suffix];
        }

        // Some versions of FF have rAF but not cAF
        if(!raf || !caf) {
          var last = 0
            , id$2 = 0
            , queue = []
            , frameDuration = 1000 / 60;

          raf = function(callback) {
            if(queue.length === 0) {
              var _now = performanceNow()
                , next = Math.max(0, frameDuration - (_now - last));
              last = next + _now;
              setTimeout(function() {
                var cp = queue.slice(0);
                // Clear queue here to prevent
                // callbacks from appending listeners
                // to the current frame's queue
                queue.length = 0;
                for(var i = 0; i < cp.length; i++) {
                  if(!cp[i].cancelled) {
                    try{
                      cp[i].callback(last);
                    } catch(e) {
                      setTimeout(function() { throw e }, 0);
                    }
                  }
                }
              }, Math.round(next));
            }
            queue.push({
              handle: ++id$2,
              callback: callback,
              cancelled: false
            });
            return id$2
          };

          caf = function(handle) {
            for(var i = 0; i < queue.length; i++) {
              if(queue[i].handle === handle) {
                queue[i].cancelled = true;
              }
            }
          };
        }

        var raf_1 = function(fn) {
          // Wrap in a new function to prevent
          // `cancel` potentially being assigned
          // to the native rAF function
          return raf.call(root, fn)
        };
        var cancel = function() {
          caf.apply(root, arguments);
        };
        var polyfill$f = function(object) {
          if (!object) {
            object = root;
          }
          object.requestAnimationFrame = raf;
          object.cancelAnimationFrame = caf;
        };
        raf_1.cancel = cancel;
        raf_1.polyfill = polyfill$f;

        var global$1 = (function(self) {
          return self
          // eslint-disable-next-line no-invalid-this
        })(typeof self !== 'undefined' ? self : undefined);
        var support = {
          searchParams: 'URLSearchParams' in global$1,
          iterable: 'Symbol' in global$1 && 'iterator' in Symbol,
          blob:
            'FileReader' in global$1 &&
            'Blob' in global$1 &&
            (function() {
              try {
                new Blob();
                return true
              } catch (e) {
                return false
              }
            })(),
          formData: 'FormData' in global$1,
          arrayBuffer: 'ArrayBuffer' in global$1
        };

        function isDataView(obj) {
          return obj && DataView.prototype.isPrototypeOf(obj)
        }

        if (support.arrayBuffer) {
          var viewClasses = [
            '[object Int8Array]',
            '[object Uint8Array]',
            '[object Uint8ClampedArray]',
            '[object Int16Array]',
            '[object Uint16Array]',
            '[object Int32Array]',
            '[object Uint32Array]',
            '[object Float32Array]',
            '[object Float64Array]'
          ];

          var isArrayBufferView =
            ArrayBuffer.isView ||
            function(obj) {
              return obj && viewClasses.indexOf(Object.prototype.toString.call(obj)) > -1
            };
        }

        function normalizeName(name) {
          if (typeof name !== 'string') {
            name = String(name);
          }
          if (/[^a-z0-9\-#$%&'*+.^_`|~!]/i.test(name) || name === '') {
            throw new TypeError('Invalid character in header field name')
          }
          return name.toLowerCase()
        }

        function normalizeValue(value) {
          if (typeof value !== 'string') {
            value = String(value);
          }
          return value
        }

        // Build a destructive iterator for the value list
        function iteratorFor(items) {
          var iterator = {
            next: function() {
              var value = items.shift();
              return {done: value === undefined, value: value}
            }
          };

          if (support.iterable) {
            iterator[Symbol.iterator] = function() {
              return iterator
            };
          }

          return iterator
        }

        function Headers(headers) {
          this.map = {};

          if (headers instanceof Headers) {
            headers.forEach(function(value, name) {
              this.append(name, value);
            }, this);
          } else if (Array.isArray(headers)) {
            headers.forEach(function(header) {
              this.append(header[0], header[1]);
            }, this);
          } else if (headers) {
            Object.getOwnPropertyNames(headers).forEach(function(name) {
              this.append(name, headers[name]);
            }, this);
          }
        }

        Headers.prototype.append = function(name, value) {
          name = normalizeName(name);
          value = normalizeValue(value);
          var oldValue = this.map[name];
          this.map[name] = oldValue ? oldValue + ', ' + value : value;
        };

        Headers.prototype['delete'] = function(name) {
          delete this.map[normalizeName(name)];
        };

        Headers.prototype.get = function(name) {
          name = normalizeName(name);
          return this.has(name) ? this.map[name] : null
        };

        Headers.prototype.has = function(name) {
          return this.map.hasOwnProperty(normalizeName(name))
        };

        Headers.prototype.set = function(name, value) {
          this.map[normalizeName(name)] = normalizeValue(value);
        };

        Headers.prototype.forEach = function(callback, thisArg) {
          for (var name in this.map) {
            if (this.map.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
              callback.call(thisArg, this.map[name], name, this);
            }
          }
        };

        Headers.prototype.keys = function() {
          var items = [];
          this.forEach(function(value, name) {
            items.push(name);
          });
          return iteratorFor(items)
        };

        Headers.prototype.values = function() {
          var items = [];
          this.forEach(function(value) {
            items.push(value);
          });
          return iteratorFor(items)
        };

        Headers.prototype.entries = function() {
          var items = [];
          this.forEach(function(value, name) {
            items.push([name, value]);
          });
          return iteratorFor(items)
        };

        if (support.iterable) {
          Headers.prototype[Symbol.iterator] = Headers.prototype.entries;
        }

        function consumed(body) {
          if (body.bodyUsed) {
            return Promise.reject(new TypeError('Already read'))
          }
          body.bodyUsed = true;
        }

        function fileReaderReady(reader) {
          return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
            reader.onload = function() {
              resolve(reader.result);
            };
            reader.onerror = function() {
              reject(reader.error);
            };
          })
        }

        function readBlobAsArrayBuffer(blob) {
          var reader = new FileReader();
          var promise = fileReaderReady(reader);
          reader.readAsArrayBuffer(blob);
          return promise
        }

        function readBlobAsText(blob) {
          var reader = new FileReader();
          var promise = fileReaderReady(reader);
          reader.readAsText(blob);
          return promise
        }

        function readArrayBufferAsText(buf) {
          var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
          var chars = new Array(view.length);

          for (var i = 0; i < view.length; i++) {
            chars[i] = String.fromCharCode(view[i]);
          }
          return chars.join('')
        }

        function bufferClone(buf) {
          if (buf.slice) {
            return buf.slice(0)
          } else {
            var view = new Uint8Array(buf.byteLength);
            view.set(new Uint8Array(buf));
            return view.buffer
          }
        }

        function Body() {
          this.bodyUsed = false;

          this._initBody = function(body) {
            /*
              fetch-mock wraps the Response object in an ES6 Proxy to
              provide useful test harness features such as flush. However, on
              ES5 browsers without fetch or Proxy support pollyfills must be used;
              the proxy-pollyfill is unable to proxy an attribute unless it exists
              on the object before the Proxy is created. This change ensures
              Response.bodyUsed exists on the instance, while maintaining the
              semantic of setting Request.bodyUsed in the constructor before
              _initBody is called.
            */
            this.bodyUsed = this.bodyUsed;
            this._bodyInit = body;
            if (!body) {
              this._bodyText = '';
            } else if (typeof body === 'string') {
              this._bodyText = body;
            } else if (support.blob && Blob.prototype.isPrototypeOf(body)) {
              this._bodyBlob = body;
            } else if (support.formData && FormData.prototype.isPrototypeOf(body)) {
              this._bodyFormData = body;
            } else if (support.searchParams && URLSearchParams.prototype.isPrototypeOf(body)) {
              this._bodyText = body.toString();
            } else if (support.arrayBuffer && support.blob && isDataView(body)) {
              this._bodyArrayBuffer = bufferClone(body.buffer);
              // IE 10-11 can't handle a DataView body.
              this._bodyInit = new Blob([this._bodyArrayBuffer]);
            } else if (support.arrayBuffer && (ArrayBuffer.prototype.isPrototypeOf(body) || isArrayBufferView(body))) {
              this._bodyArrayBuffer = bufferClone(body);
            } else {
              this._bodyText = body = Object.prototype.toString.call(body);
            }

            if (!this.headers.get('content-type')) {
              if (typeof body === 'string') {
                this.headers.set('content-type', 'text/plain;charset=UTF-8');
              } else if (this._bodyBlob && this._bodyBlob.type) {
                this.headers.set('content-type', this._bodyBlob.type);
              } else if (support.searchParams && URLSearchParams.prototype.isPrototypeOf(body)) {
                this.headers.set('content-type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8');
              }
            }
          };

          if (support.blob) {
            this.blob = function() {
              var rejected = consumed(this);
              if (rejected) {
                return rejected
              }

              if (this._bodyBlob) {
                return Promise.resolve(this._bodyBlob)
              } else if (this._bodyArrayBuffer) {
                return Promise.resolve(new Blob([this._bodyArrayBuffer]))
              } else if (this._bodyFormData) {
                throw new Error('could not read FormData body as blob')
              } else {
                return Promise.resolve(new Blob([this._bodyText]))
              }
            };

            this.arrayBuffer = function() {
              if (this._bodyArrayBuffer) {
                return consumed(this) || Promise.resolve(this._bodyArrayBuffer)
              } else {
                return this.blob().then(readBlobAsArrayBuffer)
              }
            };
          }

          this.text = function() {
            var rejected = consumed(this);
            if (rejected) {
              return rejected
            }

            if (this._bodyBlob) {
              return readBlobAsText(this._bodyBlob)
            } else if (this._bodyArrayBuffer) {
              return Promise.resolve(readArrayBufferAsText(this._bodyArrayBuffer))
            } else if (this._bodyFormData) {
              throw new Error('could not read FormData body as text')
            } else {
              return Promise.resolve(this._bodyText)
            }
          };

          if (support.formData) {
            this.formData = function() {
              return this.text().then(decode)
            };
          }

          this.json = function() {
            return this.text().then(JSON.parse)
          };

          return this
        }

        // HTTP methods whose capitalization should be normalized
        var methods = ['DELETE', 'GET', 'HEAD', 'OPTIONS', 'POST', 'PUT'];

        function normalizeMethod(method) {
          var upcased = method.toUpperCase();
          return methods.indexOf(upcased) > -1 ? upcased : method
        }

        function Request(input, options) {
          options = options || {};
          var body = options.body;

          if (input instanceof Request) {
            if (input.bodyUsed) {
              throw new TypeError('Already read')
            }
            this.url = input.url;
            this.credentials = input.credentials;
            if (!options.headers) {
              this.headers = new Headers(input.headers);
            }
            this.method = input.method;
            this.mode = input.mode;
            this.signal = input.signal;
            if (!body && input._bodyInit != null) {
              body = input._bodyInit;
              input.bodyUsed = true;
            }
          } else {
            this.url = String(input);
          }

          this.credentials = options.credentials || this.credentials || 'same-origin';
          if (options.headers || !this.headers) {
            this.headers = new Headers(options.headers);
          }
          this.method = normalizeMethod(options.method || this.method || 'GET');
          this.mode = options.mode || this.mode || null;
          this.signal = options.signal || this.signal;
          this.referrer = null;

          if ((this.method === 'GET' || this.method === 'HEAD') && body) {
            throw new TypeError('Body not allowed for GET or HEAD requests')
          }
          this._initBody(body);

          if (this.method === 'GET' || this.method === 'HEAD') {
            if (options.cache === 'no-store' || options.cache === 'no-cache') {
              // Search for a '_' parameter in the query string
              var reParamSearch = /([?&])_=[^&]*/;
              if (reParamSearch.test(this.url)) {
                // If it already exists then set the value with the current time
                this.url = this.url.replace(reParamSearch, '$1_=' + new Date().getTime());
              } else {
                // Otherwise add a new '_' parameter to the end with the current time
                var reQueryString = /\?/;
                this.url += (reQueryString.test(this.url) ? '&' : '?') + '_=' + new Date().getTime();
              }
            }
          }
        }

        Request.prototype.clone = function() {
          return new Request(this, {body: this._bodyInit})
        };

        function decode(body) {
          var form = new FormData();
          body
            .trim()
            .split('&')
            .forEach(function(bytes) {
              if (bytes) {
                var split = bytes.split('=');
                var name = split.shift().replace(/\+/g, ' ');
                var value = split.join('=').replace(/\+/g, ' ');
                form.append(decodeURIComponent(name), decodeURIComponent(value));
              }
            });
          return form
        }

        function parseHeaders(rawHeaders) {
          var headers = new Headers();
          // Replace instances of \r\n and \n followed by at least one space or horizontal tab with a space
          // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2
          var preProcessedHeaders = rawHeaders.replace(/\r?\n[\t ]+/g, ' ');
          preProcessedHeaders.split(/\r?\n/).forEach(function(line) {
            var parts = line.split(':');
            var key = parts.shift().trim();
            if (key) {
              var value = parts.join(':').trim();
              headers.append(key, value);
            }
          });
          return headers
        }

        Body.call(Request.prototype);

        function Response(bodyInit, options) {
          if (!options) {
            options = {};
          }

          this.type = 'default';
          this.status = options.status === undefined ? 200 : options.status;
          this.ok = this.status >= 200 && this.status < 300;
          this.statusText = 'statusText' in options ? options.statusText : '';
          this.headers = new Headers(options.headers);
          this.url = options.url || '';
          this._initBody(bodyInit);
        }

        Body.call(Response.prototype);

        Response.prototype.clone = function() {
          return new Response(this._bodyInit, {
            status: this.status,
            statusText: this.statusText,
            headers: new Headers(this.headers),
            url: this.url
          })
        };

        Response.error = function() {
          var response = new Response(null, {status: 0, statusText: ''});
          response.type = 'error';
          return response
        };

        var redirectStatuses = [301, 302, 303, 307, 308];

        Response.redirect = function(url, status) {
          if (redirectStatuses.indexOf(status) === -1) {
            throw new RangeError('Invalid status code')
          }

          return new Response(null, {status: status, headers: {location: url}})
        };

        var DOMException$1 = global$1.DOMException;

        if (typeof DOMException$1 !== 'function') {
          DOMException$1 = function(message, name) {
            this.message = message;
            this.name = name;
            var error = Error(message);
            this.stack = error.stack;
          };
          DOMException$1.prototype = Object.create(Error.prototype);
          DOMException$1.prototype.constructor = DOMException$1;
        }

        function fetch$1(input, init) {
          return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
            var request = new Request(input, init);

            if (request.signal && request.signal.aborted) {
              return reject(new DOMException$1('Aborted', 'AbortError'))
            }

            var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();

            function abortXhr() {
              xhr.abort();
            }

            xhr.onload = function() {
              var options = {
                status: xhr.status,
                statusText: xhr.statusText,
                headers: parseHeaders(xhr.getAllResponseHeaders() || '')
              };
              options.url = 'responseURL' in xhr ? xhr.responseURL : options.headers.get('X-Request-URL');
              var body = 'response' in xhr ? xhr.response : xhr.responseText;
              setTimeout(function() {
                resolve(new Response(body, options));
              }, 0);
            };

            xhr.onerror = function() {
              setTimeout(function() {
                reject(new TypeError('Network request failed'));
              }, 0);
            };

            xhr.ontimeout = function() {
              setTimeout(function() {
                reject(new TypeError('Network request failed'));
              }, 0);
            };

            xhr.onabort = function() {
              setTimeout(function() {
                reject(new DOMException$1('Aborted', 'AbortError'));
              }, 0);
            };

            function fixUrl(url) {
              try {
                return url === '' && global$1.location.href ? global$1.location.href : url
              } catch (e) {
                return url
              }
            }

            xhr.open(request.method, fixUrl(request.url), true);

            if (request.credentials === 'include') {
              xhr.withCredentials = true;
            } else if (request.credentials === 'omit') {
              xhr.withCredentials = false;
            }

            if ('responseType' in xhr) {
              if (support.blob) {
                xhr.responseType = 'blob';
              } else if (
                support.arrayBuffer &&
                request.headers.get('Content-Type') &&
                request.headers.get('Content-Type').indexOf('application/octet-stream') !== -1
              ) {
                xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
              }
            }

            request.headers.forEach(function(value, name) {
              xhr.setRequestHeader(name, value);
            });

            if (request.signal) {
              request.signal.addEventListener('abort', abortXhr);

              xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
                // DONE (success or failure)
                if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
                  request.signal.removeEventListener('abort', abortXhr);
                }
              };
            }

            xhr.send(typeof request._bodyInit === 'undefined' ? null : request._bodyInit);
          })
        }

        fetch$1.polyfill = true;

        if (!global$1.fetch) {
          global$1.fetch = fetch$1;
          global$1.Headers = Headers;
          global$1.Request = Request;
          global$1.Response = Response;
        }

        var lib = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });










        if (!window.Set) {
            window.Set = es6Set;
        }
        if (!window.Map) {
            window.Map = es6Map;
        }
        if (!window.Promise) {
            window.Promise = polyfill$e;
            window.Promise._immediateFn = setAsap;
        }
        if (!Array.prototype.find) {
            array_prototype_find.shim();
        }
        if (!Array.prototype.findIndex) {
            array_prototype_findindex.shim();
        }
        if (!Array.from) {
            array_from.shim();
        }
        if (!Object.values) {
            object_values.shim();
        }
        if (!Object.assign) {
            object_assign.shim();
        }
        if (!window.requestAnimationFrame || !window.cancelAnimationFrame) {
            window.requestAnimationFrame = raf_1;
            window.cancelAnimationFrame = raf_1.cancel;
        }

        var finalFetch = window.fetch;
        var finalPromise = window.Promise;
        window.fetch = function (input, init) {
            try {
                return finalFetch(input, init);
            }
            catch (error) {
                return new finalPromise(function (_, reject) { return reject(error); });
            }
        };
        });

        var $Math$2 = GetIntrinsic('%Math%');

        var $floor$1 = $Math$2.floor;
        var $abs$1 = $Math$2.abs;




        // https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/#sec-isinteger

        var IsInteger = function IsInteger(argument) {
                if (typeof argument !== 'number' || _isNaN(argument) || !_isFinite(argument)) {
                        return false;
                }
                var abs = $abs$1(argument);
                return $floor$1(abs) === abs;
        };

        var ArrayPush = callBound('Array.prototype.push');
        var StringFromCharCodeSpread = callBind.apply(String.fromCharCode, null);

        var implementation$8 = function fromCodePoint(_ /* fromCodePoint.length is 1 */) {
                var arguments$1 = arguments;

                var MAX_SIZE = 0x4000;
                var codeUnits = [];
                var highSurrogate;
                var lowSurrogate;
                var index = -1;
                var length = arguments.length;
                if (!length) {
                        return '';
                }
                var result = '';
                while (++index < length) {
                        var codePoint = ToNumber$1(arguments$1[index]);
                        if (
                                !IsInteger(codePoint) ||
                                codePoint < 0 || codePoint > 0x10FFFF // not a valid Unicode code point
                        ) {
                                throw RangeError('Invalid code point: ' + codePoint);
                        }
                        if (codePoint <= 0xFFFF) { // BMP code point
                                ArrayPush(codeUnits, codePoint);
                        } else { // Astral code point; split in surrogate halves
                                // https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-encoding#surrogate-formulae
                                codePoint -= 0x10000;
                                highSurrogate = (codePoint >> 10) + 0xD800;
                                lowSurrogate = (codePoint % 0x400) + 0xDC00;
                                ArrayPush(codeUnits, highSurrogate, lowSurrogate);
                        }
                        if (index + 1 == length || codeUnits.length > MAX_SIZE) {
                                result += StringFromCharCodeSpread(codeUnits);
                                codeUnits.length = 0;
                        }
                }
                return result;
        };

        var polyfill$g = function getPolyfill() {
                return String.fromCodePoint || implementation$8;
        };

        var shim$d = function shimFromCodePoint() {
                var polyfill = polyfill$g();

                if (String.fromCodePoint !== polyfill) {
                        defineProperties_1(String, { fromCodePoint: polyfill });
                }

                return polyfill;
        };

        /*! https://mths.be/fromcodepoint v1.0.0 by @mathias */

        shim$d();

        (function (factory) {
          
          factory();
        }((function () {
          function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) {
            if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
              throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
            }
          }

          function _defineProperties(target, props) {
            for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
              var descriptor = props[i];
              descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
              descriptor.configurable = true;
              if ("value" in descriptor) { descriptor.writable = true; }
              Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
            }
          }

          function _createClass(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
            if (protoProps) { _defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps); }
            if (staticProps) { _defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps); }
            return Constructor;
          }

          function _inherits(subClass, superClass) {
            if (typeof superClass !== "function" && superClass !== null) {
              throw new TypeError("Super expression must either be null or a function");
            }

            subClass.prototype = Object.create(superClass && superClass.prototype, {
              constructor: {
                value: subClass,
                writable: true,
                configurable: true
              }
            });
            if (superClass) { _setPrototypeOf(subClass, superClass); }
          }

          function _getPrototypeOf(o) {
            _getPrototypeOf = Object.setPrototypeOf ? Object.getPrototypeOf : function _getPrototypeOf(o) {
              return o.__proto__ || Object.getPrototypeOf(o);
            };
            return _getPrototypeOf(o);
          }

          function _setPrototypeOf(o, p) {
            _setPrototypeOf = Object.setPrototypeOf || function _setPrototypeOf(o, p) {
              o.__proto__ = p;
              return o;
            };

            return _setPrototypeOf(o, p);
          }

          function _assertThisInitialized(self) {
            if (self === void 0) {
              throw new ReferenceError("this hasn't been initialised - super() hasn't been called");
            }

            return self;
          }

          function _possibleConstructorReturn(self, call) {
            if (call && (typeof call === "object" || typeof call === "function")) {
              return call;
            }

            return _assertThisInitialized(self);
          }

          function _superPropBase(object, property) {
            while (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(object, property)) {
              object = _getPrototypeOf(object);
              if (object === null) { break; }
            }

            return object;
          }

          function _get(target, property, receiver) {
            if (typeof Reflect !== "undefined" && Reflect.get) {
              _get = Reflect.get;
            } else {
              _get = function _get(target, property, receiver) {
                var base = _superPropBase(target, property);

                if (!base) { return; }
                var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(base, property);

                if (desc.get) {
                  return desc.get.call(receiver);
                }

                return desc.value;
              };
            }

            return _get(target, property, receiver || target);
          }

          var Emitter =
          /*#__PURE__*/
          function () {
            function Emitter() {
              _classCallCheck(this, Emitter);

              Object.defineProperty(this, 'listeners', {
                value: {},
                writable: true,
                configurable: true
              });
            }

            _createClass(Emitter, [{
              key: "addEventListener",
              value: function addEventListener(type, callback) {
                if (!(type in this.listeners)) {
                  this.listeners[type] = [];
                }

                this.listeners[type].push(callback);
              }
            }, {
              key: "removeEventListener",
              value: function removeEventListener(type, callback) {
                if (!(type in this.listeners)) {
                  return;
                }

                var stack = this.listeners[type];

                for (var i = 0, l = stack.length; i < l; i++) {
                  if (stack[i] === callback) {
                    stack.splice(i, 1);
                    return;
                  }
                }
              }
            }, {
              key: "dispatchEvent",
              value: function dispatchEvent(event) {
                var _this = this;

                if (!(event.type in this.listeners)) {
                  return;
                }

                var debounce = function debounce(callback) {
                  setTimeout(function () {
                    return callback.call(_this, event);
                  });
                };

                var stack = this.listeners[event.type];

                for (var i = 0, l = stack.length; i < l; i++) {
                  debounce(stack[i]);
                }

                return !event.defaultPrevented;
              }
            }]);

            return Emitter;
          }();

          var AbortSignal =
          /*#__PURE__*/
          function (_Emitter) {
            _inherits(AbortSignal, _Emitter);

            function AbortSignal() {
              var _this2;

              _classCallCheck(this, AbortSignal);

              _this2 = _possibleConstructorReturn(this, _getPrototypeOf(AbortSignal).call(this)); // Some versions of babel does not transpile super() correctly for IE <= 10, if the parent
              // constructor has failed to run, then "this.listeners" will still be undefined and then we call
              // the parent constructor directly instead as a workaround. For general details, see babel bug:
              // https://github.com/babel/babel/issues/3041
              // This hack was added as a fix for the issue described here:
              // https://github.com/Financial-Times/polyfill-library/pull/59#issuecomment-477558042

              if (!_this2.listeners) {
                Emitter.call(_assertThisInitialized(_this2));
              } // Compared to assignment, Object.defineProperty makes properties non-enumerable by default and
              // we want Object.keys(new AbortController().signal) to be [] for compat with the native impl


              Object.defineProperty(_assertThisInitialized(_this2), 'aborted', {
                value: false,
                writable: true,
                configurable: true
              });
              Object.defineProperty(_assertThisInitialized(_this2), 'onabort', {
                value: null,
                writable: true,
                configurable: true
              });
              return _this2;
            }

            _createClass(AbortSignal, [{
              key: "toString",
              value: function toString() {
                return '[object AbortSignal]';
              }
            }, {
              key: "dispatchEvent",
              value: function dispatchEvent(event) {
                if (event.type === 'abort') {
                  this.aborted = true;

                  if (typeof this.onabort === 'function') {
                    this.onabort.call(this, event);
                  }
                }

                _get(_getPrototypeOf(AbortSignal.prototype), "dispatchEvent", this).call(this, event);
              }
            }]);

            return AbortSignal;
          }(Emitter);
          var AbortController =
          /*#__PURE__*/
          function () {
            function AbortController() {
              _classCallCheck(this, AbortController);

              // Compared to assignment, Object.defineProperty makes properties non-enumerable by default and
              // we want Object.keys(new AbortController()) to be [] for compat with the native impl
              Object.defineProperty(this, 'signal', {
                value: new AbortSignal(),
                writable: true,
                configurable: true
              });
            }

            _createClass(AbortController, [{
              key: "abort",
              value: function abort() {
                var event;

                try {
                  event = new Event('abort');
                } catch (e) {
                  if (typeof document !== 'undefined') {
                    if (!document.createEvent) {
                      // For Internet Explorer 8:
                      event = document.createEventObject();
                      event.type = 'abort';
                    } else {
                      // For Internet Explorer 11:
                      event = document.createEvent('Event');
                      event.initEvent('abort', false, false);
                    }
                  } else {
                    // Fallback where document isn't available:
                    event = {
                      type: 'abort',
                      bubbles: false,
                      cancelable: false
                    };
                  }
                }

                this.signal.dispatchEvent(event);
              }
            }, {
              key: "toString",
              value: function toString() {
                return '[object AbortController]';
              }
            }]);

            return AbortController;
          }();

          if (typeof Symbol !== 'undefined' && Symbol.toStringTag) {
            // These are necessary to make sure that we get correct output for:
            // Object.prototype.toString.call(new AbortController())
            AbortController.prototype[Symbol.toStringTag] = 'AbortController';
            AbortSignal.prototype[Symbol.toStringTag] = 'AbortSignal';
          }

          function polyfillNeeded(self) {
            if (self.__FORCE_INSTALL_ABORTCONTROLLER_POLYFILL) {
              console.log('__FORCE_INSTALL_ABORTCONTROLLER_POLYFILL=true is set, will force install polyfill');
              return true;
            } // Note that the "unfetch" minimal fetch polyfill defines fetch() without
            // defining window.Request, and this polyfill need to work on top of unfetch
            // so the below feature detection needs the !self.AbortController part.
            // The Request.prototype check is also needed because Safari versions 11.1.2
            // up to and including 12.1.x has a window.AbortController present but still
            // does NOT correctly implement abortable fetch:
            // https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=174980#c2


            return typeof self.Request === 'function' && !self.Request.prototype.hasOwnProperty('signal') || !self.AbortController;
          }

          /**
           * Note: the "fetch.Request" default value is available for fetch imported from
           * the "node-fetch" package and not in browsers. This is OK since browsers
           * will be importing umd-polyfill.js from that path "self" is passed the
           * decorator so the default value will not be used (because browsers that define
           * fetch also has Request). One quirky setup where self.fetch exists but
           * self.Request does not is when the "unfetch" minimal fetch polyfill is used
           * on top of IE11; for this case the browser will try to use the fetch.Request
           * default value which in turn will be undefined but then then "if (Request)"
           * will ensure that you get a patched fetch but still no Request (as expected).
           * @param {fetch, Request = fetch.Request}
           * @returns {fetch: abortableFetch, Request: AbortableRequest}
           */

          function abortableFetchDecorator(patchTargets) {
            if ('function' === typeof patchTargets) {
              patchTargets = {
                fetch: patchTargets
              };
            }

            var _patchTargets = patchTargets,
                fetch = _patchTargets.fetch,
                _patchTargets$Request = _patchTargets.Request,
                NativeRequest = _patchTargets$Request === void 0 ? fetch.Request : _patchTargets$Request,
                NativeAbortController = _patchTargets.AbortController,
                _patchTargets$__FORCE = _patchTargets.__FORCE_INSTALL_ABORTCONTROLLER_POLYFILL,
                __FORCE_INSTALL_ABORTCONTROLLER_POLYFILL = _patchTargets$__FORCE === void 0 ? false : _patchTargets$__FORCE;

            if (!polyfillNeeded({
              fetch: fetch,
              Request: NativeRequest,
              AbortController: NativeAbortController,
              __FORCE_INSTALL_ABORTCONTROLLER_POLYFILL: __FORCE_INSTALL_ABORTCONTROLLER_POLYFILL
            })) {
              return {
                fetch: fetch,
                Request: Request
              };
            }

            var Request = NativeRequest; // Note that the "unfetch" minimal fetch polyfill defines fetch() without
            // defining window.Request, and this polyfill need to work on top of unfetch
            // hence we only patch it if it's available. Also we don't patch it if signal
            // is already available on the Request prototype because in this case support
            // is present and the patching below can cause a crash since it assigns to
            // request.signal which is technically a read-only property. This latter error
            // happens when you run the main5.js node-fetch example in the repo
            // "abortcontroller-polyfill-examples". The exact error is:
            //   request.signal = init.signal;
            //   ^
            // TypeError: Cannot set property signal of #<Request> which has only a getter

            if (Request && !Request.prototype.hasOwnProperty('signal') || __FORCE_INSTALL_ABORTCONTROLLER_POLYFILL) {
              Request = function Request(input, init) {
                var signal;

                if (init && init.signal) {
                  signal = init.signal; // Never pass init.signal to the native Request implementation when the polyfill has
                  // been installed because if we're running on top of a browser with a
                  // working native AbortController (i.e. the polyfill was installed due to
                  // __FORCE_INSTALL_ABORTCONTROLLER_POLYFILL being set), then passing our
                  // fake AbortSignal to the native fetch will trigger:
                  // TypeError: Failed to construct 'Request': member signal is not of type AbortSignal.

                  delete init.signal;
                }

                var request = new NativeRequest(input, init);

                if (signal) {
                  Object.defineProperty(request, 'signal', {
                    writable: false,
                    enumerable: false,
                    configurable: true,
                    value: signal
                  });
                }

                return request;
              };

              Request.prototype = NativeRequest.prototype;
            }

            var realFetch = fetch;

            var abortableFetch = function abortableFetch(input, init) {
              var signal = Request && Request.prototype.isPrototypeOf(input) ? input.signal : init ? init.signal : undefined;

              if (signal) {
                var abortError;

                try {
                  abortError = new DOMException('Aborted', 'AbortError');
                } catch (err) {
                  // IE 11 does not support calling the DOMException constructor, use a
                  // regular error object on it instead.
                  abortError = new Error('Aborted');
                  abortError.name = 'AbortError';
                } // Return early if already aborted, thus avoiding making an HTTP request


                if (signal.aborted) {
                  return Promise.reject(abortError);
                } // Turn an event into a promise, reject it once `abort` is dispatched


                var cancellation = new Promise(function (_, reject) {
                  signal.addEventListener('abort', function () {
                    return reject(abortError);
                  }, {
                    once: true
                  });
                });

                if (init && init.signal) {
                  // Never pass .signal to the native implementation when the polyfill has
                  // been installed because if we're running on top of a browser with a
                  // working native AbortController (i.e. the polyfill was installed due to
                  // __FORCE_INSTALL_ABORTCONTROLLER_POLYFILL being set), then passing our
                  // fake AbortSignal to the native fetch will trigger:
                  // TypeError: Failed to execute 'fetch' on 'Window': member signal is not of type AbortSignal.
                  delete init.signal;
                } // Return the fastest promise (don't need to wait for request to finish)


                return Promise.race([cancellation, realFetch(input, init)]);
              }

              return realFetch(input, init);
            };

            return {
              fetch: abortableFetch,
              Request: Request
            };
          }

          (function (self) {

            if (!polyfillNeeded(self)) {
              return;
            }

            if (!self.fetch) {
              console.warn('fetch() is not available, cannot install abortcontroller-polyfill');
              return;
            }

            var _abortableFetch = abortableFetchDecorator(self),
                fetch = _abortableFetch.fetch,
                Request = _abortableFetch.Request;

            self.fetch = fetch;
            self.Request = Request;
            Object.defineProperty(self, 'AbortController', {
              writable: true,
              enumerable: false,
              configurable: true,
              value: AbortController
            });
            Object.defineProperty(self, 'AbortSignal', {
              writable: true,
              enumerable: false,
              configurable: true,
              value: AbortSignal
            });
          })(typeof self !== 'undefined' ? self : commonjsGlobal);

        })));

        function actionAddEntity(way) {
            return function(graph) {
                return graph.replace(way);
            };
        }

        /*
        Order the nodes of a way in reverse order and reverse any direction dependent tags
        other than `oneway`. (We assume that correcting a backwards oneway is the primary
        reason for reversing a way.)

        In addition, numeric-valued `incline` tags are negated.

        The JOSM implementation was used as a guide, but transformations that were of unclear benefit
        or adjusted tags that don't seem to be used in practice were omitted.

        References:
            http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Forward_%26_backward,_left_%26_right
            http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:direction#Steps
            http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:incline
            http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Route#Members
            http://josm.openstreetmap.de/browser/josm/trunk/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/corrector/ReverseWayTagCorrector.java
            http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Tag:highway%3Dstop
            http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:traffic_sign#On_a_way_or_area
        */
        function actionReverse(entityID, options) {
            var ignoreKey = /^.*(_|:)?(description|name|note|website|ref|source|comment|watch|attribution)(_|:)?/;
            var numeric = /^([+\-]?)(?=[\d.])/;
            var directionKey = /direction$/;
            var turn_lanes = /^turn:lanes:?/;
            var keyReplacements = [
                [/:right$/, ':left'],
                [/:left$/, ':right'],
                [/:forward$/, ':backward'],
                [/:backward$/, ':forward'],
                [/:right:/, ':left:'],
                [/:left:/, ':right:'],
                [/:forward:/, ':backward:'],
                [/:backward:/, ':forward:']
            ];
            var valueReplacements = {
                left: 'right',
                right: 'left',
                up: 'down',
                down: 'up',
                forward: 'backward',
                backward: 'forward',
                forwards: 'backward',
                backwards: 'forward',
            };
            var roleReplacements = {
                forward: 'backward',
                backward: 'forward',
                forwards: 'backward',
                backwards: 'forward'
            };
            var onewayReplacements = {
                yes: '-1',
                '1': '-1',
                '-1': 'yes'
            };

            var compassReplacements = {
                N: 'S',
                NNE: 'SSW',
                NE: 'SW',
                ENE: 'WSW',
                E: 'W',
                ESE: 'WNW',
                SE: 'NW',
                SSE: 'NNW',
                S: 'N',
                SSW: 'NNE',
                SW: 'NE',
                WSW: 'ENE',
                W: 'E',
                WNW: 'ESE',
                NW: 'SE',
                NNW: 'SSE'
            };


            function reverseKey(key) {
                for (var i = 0; i < keyReplacements.length; ++i) {
                    var replacement = keyReplacements[i];
                    if (replacement[0].test(key)) {
                        return key.replace(replacement[0], replacement[1]);
                    }
                }
                return key;
            }


            function reverseValue(key, value, includeAbsolute) {
                if (ignoreKey.test(key)) { return value; }

                // Turn lanes are left/right to key (not way) direction - #5674
                if (turn_lanes.test(key)) {
                    return value;

                } else if (key === 'incline' && numeric.test(value)) {
                    return value.replace(numeric, function(_, sign) { return sign === '-' ? '' : '-'; });

                } else if (options && options.reverseOneway && key === 'oneway') {
                    return onewayReplacements[value] || value;

                } else if (includeAbsolute && directionKey.test(key)) {
                    if (compassReplacements[value]) { return compassReplacements[value]; }

                    var degrees = parseFloat(value);
                    if (typeof degrees === 'number' && !isNaN(degrees)) {
                        if (degrees < 180) {
                            degrees += 180;
                        } else {
                            degrees -= 180;
                        }
                        return degrees.toString();
                    }
                }

                return valueReplacements[value] || value;
            }


            // Reverse the direction of tags attached to the nodes - #3076
            function reverseNodeTags(graph, nodeIDs) {
                for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
                    var node = graph.hasEntity(nodeIDs[i]);
                    if (!node || !Object.keys(node.tags).length) { continue; }

                    var tags = {};
                    for (var key in node.tags) {
                        tags[reverseKey(key)] = reverseValue(key, node.tags[key], node.id === entityID);
                    }
                    graph = graph.replace(node.update({tags: tags}));
                }
                return graph;
            }


            function reverseWay(graph, way) {
                var nodes = way.nodes.slice().reverse();
                var tags = {};
                var role;

                for (var key in way.tags) {
                    tags[reverseKey(key)] = reverseValue(key, way.tags[key]);
                }

                graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function(relation) {
                    relation.members.forEach(function(member, index) {
                        if (member.id === way.id && (role = roleReplacements[member.role])) {
                            relation = relation.updateMember({role: role}, index);
                            graph = graph.replace(relation);
                        }
                    });
                });

                // Reverse any associated directions on nodes on the way and then replace
                // the way itself with the reversed node ids and updated way tags
                return reverseNodeTags(graph, nodes)
                    .replace(way.update({nodes: nodes, tags: tags}));
            }


            var action = function(graph) {
                var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
                if (entity.type === 'way') {
                    return reverseWay(graph, entity);
                }
                return reverseNodeTags(graph, [entityID]);
            };

            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
                if (!entity || entity.type === 'way') { return false; }

                for (var key in entity.tags) {
                    var value = entity.tags[key];
                    if (reverseKey(key) !== key || reverseValue(key, value, true) !== value) {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                return 'nondirectional_node';
            };

            action.entityID = function() {
                return entityID;
            };

            return action;
        }

        function osmIsInterestingTag(key) {
            return key !== 'attribution' &&
                key !== 'created_by' &&
                key !== 'source' &&
                key !== 'odbl' &&
                key.indexOf('source:') !== 0 &&
                key.indexOf('source_ref') !== 0 && // purposely exclude colon
                key.indexOf('tiger:') !== 0;
        }

        var osmAreaKeys = {};
        function osmSetAreaKeys(value) {
            osmAreaKeys = value;
        }

        // returns an object with the tag from `tags` that implies an area geometry, if any
        function osmTagSuggestingArea(tags) {
            if (tags.area === 'yes') { return { area: 'yes' }; }
            if (tags.area === 'no') { return null; }

            // `highway` and `railway` are typically linear features, but there
            // are a few exceptions that should be treated as areas, even in the
            // absence of a proper `area=yes` or `areaKeys` tag.. see #4194
            var lineKeys = {
                highway: {
                    rest_area: true,
                    services: true
                },
                railway: {
                    roundhouse: true,
                    station: true,
                    traverser: true,
                    turntable: true,
                    wash: true
                }
            };
            var returnTags = {};
            for (var key in tags) {
                if (key in osmAreaKeys && !(tags[key] in osmAreaKeys[key])) {
                    returnTags[key] = tags[key];
                    return returnTags;
                }
                if (key in lineKeys && tags[key] in lineKeys[key]) {
                    returnTags[key] = tags[key];
                    return returnTags;
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        // Tags that indicate a node can be a standalone point
        // e.g. { amenity: { bar: true, parking: true, ... } ... }
        var osmPointTags = {};
        function osmSetPointTags(value) {
            osmPointTags = value;
        }
        // Tags that indicate a node can be part of a way
        // e.g. { amenity: { parking: true, ... }, highway: { stop: true ... } ... }
        var osmVertexTags = {};
        function osmSetVertexTags(value) {
            osmVertexTags = value;
        }

        function osmNodeGeometriesForTags(nodeTags) {
            var geometries = {};
            for (var key in nodeTags) {
                if (osmPointTags[key] &&
                    (osmPointTags[key]['*'] || osmPointTags[key][nodeTags[key]])) {
                    geometries.point = true;
                }
                if (osmVertexTags[key] &&
                    (osmVertexTags[key]['*'] || osmVertexTags[key][nodeTags[key]])) {
                    geometries.vertex = true;
                }
                // break early if both are already supported
                if (geometries.point && geometries.vertex) { break; }
            }
            return geometries;
        }

        var osmOneWayTags = {
            'aerialway': {
                'chair_lift': true,
                'drag_lift': true,
                'j-bar': true,
                'magic_carpet': true,
                'mixed_lift': true,
                'platter': true,
                'rope_tow': true,
                't-bar': true,
                'zip_line': true
            },
            'highway': {
                'motorway': true
            },
            'junction': {
                'circular': true,
                'roundabout': true
            },
            'man_made': {
                'goods_conveyor': true,
                'piste:halfpipe': true
            },
            'piste:type': {
                'downhill': true,
                'sled': true,
                'yes': true
            },
            'waterway': {
                'canal': true,
                'ditch': true,
                'drain': true,
                'fish_pass': true,
                'river': true,
                'stream': true,
                'tidal_channel': true
            }
        };

        // solid and smooth surfaces akin to the assumed default road surface in OSM
        var osmPavedTags = {
            'surface': {
                'paved': true,
                'asphalt': true,
                'concrete': true,
                'concrete:lanes': true,
                'concrete:plates': true
            },
            'tracktype': {
                'grade1': true
            }
        };

        // solid, if somewhat uncommon surfaces with a high range of smoothness
        var osmSemipavedTags = {
            'surface': {
                'cobblestone': true,
                'cobblestone:flattened': true,
                'unhewn_cobblestone': true,
                'sett': true,
                'paving_stones': true,
                'metal': true,
                'wood': true
            }
        };

        var osmRightSideIsInsideTags = {
            'natural': {
                'cliff': true,
                'coastline': 'coastline',
            },
            'barrier': {
                'retaining_wall': true,
                'kerb': true,
                'guard_rail': true,
                'city_wall': true,
            },
            'man_made': {
                'embankment': true
            },
            'waterway': {
                'weir': true
            }
        };

        // "highway" tag values for pedestrian or vehicle right-of-ways that make up the routable network
        // (does not include `raceway`)
        var osmRoutableHighwayTagValues = {
            motorway: true, trunk: true, primary: true, secondary: true, tertiary: true, residential: true,
            motorway_link: true, trunk_link: true, primary_link: true, secondary_link: true, tertiary_link: true,
            unclassified: true, road: true, service: true, track: true, living_street: true, bus_guideway: true,
            path: true, footway: true, cycleway: true, bridleway: true, pedestrian: true, corridor: true, steps: true
        };
        // "highway" tag values that generally do not allow motor vehicles
        var osmPathHighwayTagValues = {
            path: true, footway: true, cycleway: true, bridleway: true, pedestrian: true, corridor: true, steps: true
        };

        // "railway" tag values representing existing railroad tracks (purposely does not include 'abandoned')
        var osmRailwayTrackTagValues = {
            rail: true, light_rail: true, tram: true, subway: true,
            monorail: true, funicular: true, miniature: true, narrow_gauge: true,
            disused: true, preserved: true
        };

        // "waterway" tag values for line features representing water flow
        var osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues = {
            canal: true, ditch: true, drain: true, fish_pass: true, river: true, stream: true, tidal_channel: true
        };

        // Adds floating point numbers with twice the normal precision.
        // Reference: J. R. Shewchuk, Adaptive Precision Floating-Point Arithmetic and
        // Fast Robust Geometric Predicates, Discrete & Computational Geometry 18(3)
        // 305–363 (1997).
        // Code adapted from GeographicLib by Charles F. F. Karney,
        // http://geographiclib.sourceforge.net/

        function adder() {
          return new Adder;
        }

        function Adder() {
          this.reset();
        }

        Adder.prototype = {
          constructor: Adder,
          reset: function() {
            this.s = // rounded value
            this.t = 0; // exact error
          },
          add: function(y) {
            add(temp, y, this.t);
            add(this, temp.s, this.s);
            if (this.s) { this.t += temp.t; }
            else { this.s = temp.t; }
          },
          valueOf: function() {
            return this.s;
          }
        };

        var temp = new Adder;

        function add(adder, a, b) {
          var x = adder.s = a + b,
              bv = x - a,
              av = x - bv;
          adder.t = (a - av) + (b - bv);
        }

        var epsilon = 1e-6;
        var epsilon2 = 1e-12;
        var pi = Math.PI;
        var halfPi = pi / 2;
        var quarterPi = pi / 4;
        var tau = pi * 2;

        var degrees = 180 / pi;
        var radians = pi / 180;

        var abs$2 = Math.abs;
        var atan = Math.atan;
        var atan2 = Math.atan2;
        var cos = Math.cos;
        var exp = Math.exp;
        var log = Math.log;
        var sin = Math.sin;
        var sign$2 = Math.sign || function(x) { return x > 0 ? 1 : x < 0 ? -1 : 0; };
        var sqrt = Math.sqrt;
        var tan = Math.tan;

        function acos(x) {
          return x > 1 ? 0 : x < -1 ? pi : Math.acos(x);
        }

        function asin(x) {
          return x > 1 ? halfPi : x < -1 ? -halfPi : Math.asin(x);
        }

        function noop$2() {}

        function streamGeometry(geometry, stream) {
          if (geometry && streamGeometryType.hasOwnProperty(geometry.type)) {
            streamGeometryType[geometry.type](geometry, stream);
          }
        }

        var streamObjectType = {
          Feature: function(object, stream) {
            streamGeometry(object.geometry, stream);
          },
          FeatureCollection: function(object, stream) {
            var features = object.features, i = -1, n = features.length;
            while (++i < n) { streamGeometry(features[i].geometry, stream); }
          }
        };

        var streamGeometryType = {
          Sphere: function(object, stream) {
            stream.sphere();
          },
          Point: function(object, stream) {
            object = object.coordinates;
            stream.point(object[0], object[1], object[2]);
          },
          MultiPoint: function(object, stream) {
            var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
            while (++i < n) { object = coordinates[i], stream.point(object[0], object[1], object[2]); }
          },
          LineString: function(object, stream) {
            streamLine(object.coordinates, stream, 0);
          },
          MultiLineString: function(object, stream) {
            var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
            while (++i < n) { streamLine(coordinates[i], stream, 0); }
          },
          Polygon: function(object, stream) {
            streamPolygon(object.coordinates, stream);
          },
          MultiPolygon: function(object, stream) {
            var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
            while (++i < n) { streamPolygon(coordinates[i], stream); }
          },
          GeometryCollection: function(object, stream) {
            var geometries = object.geometries, i = -1, n = geometries.length;
            while (++i < n) { streamGeometry(geometries[i], stream); }
          }
        };

        function streamLine(coordinates, stream, closed) {
          var i = -1, n = coordinates.length - closed, coordinate;
          stream.lineStart();
          while (++i < n) { coordinate = coordinates[i], stream.point(coordinate[0], coordinate[1], coordinate[2]); }
          stream.lineEnd();
        }

        function streamPolygon(coordinates, stream) {
          var i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
          stream.polygonStart();
          while (++i < n) { streamLine(coordinates[i], stream, 1); }
          stream.polygonEnd();
        }

        function d3_geoStream(object, stream) {
          if (object && streamObjectType.hasOwnProperty(object.type)) {
            streamObjectType[object.type](object, stream);
          } else {
            streamGeometry(object, stream);
          }
        }

        var areaRingSum = adder();

        var areaSum = adder(),
            lambda00,
            phi00,
            lambda0,
            cosPhi0,
            sinPhi0;

        var areaStream = {
          point: noop$2,
          lineStart: noop$2,
          lineEnd: noop$2,
          polygonStart: function() {
            areaRingSum.reset();
            areaStream.lineStart = areaRingStart;
            areaStream.lineEnd = areaRingEnd;
          },
          polygonEnd: function() {
            var areaRing = +areaRingSum;
            areaSum.add(areaRing < 0 ? tau + areaRing : areaRing);
            this.lineStart = this.lineEnd = this.point = noop$2;
          },
          sphere: function() {
            areaSum.add(tau);
          }
        };

        function areaRingStart() {
          areaStream.point = areaPointFirst;
        }

        function areaRingEnd() {
          areaPoint(lambda00, phi00);
        }

        function areaPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
          areaStream.point = areaPoint;
          lambda00 = lambda, phi00 = phi;
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          lambda0 = lambda, cosPhi0 = cos(phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi), sinPhi0 = sin(phi);
        }

        function areaPoint(lambda, phi) {
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi; // half the angular distance from south pole

          // Spherical excess E for a spherical triangle with vertices: south pole,
          // previous point, current point.  Uses a formula derived from Cagnoli’s
          // theorem.  See Todhunter, Spherical Trig. (1871), Sec. 103, Eq. (2).
          var dLambda = lambda - lambda0,
              sdLambda = dLambda >= 0 ? 1 : -1,
              adLambda = sdLambda * dLambda,
              cosPhi = cos(phi),
              sinPhi = sin(phi),
              k = sinPhi0 * sinPhi,
              u = cosPhi0 * cosPhi + k * cos(adLambda),
              v = k * sdLambda * sin(adLambda);
          areaRingSum.add(atan2(v, u));

          // Advance the previous points.
          lambda0 = lambda, cosPhi0 = cosPhi, sinPhi0 = sinPhi;
        }

        function d3_geoArea(object) {
          areaSum.reset();
          d3_geoStream(object, areaStream);
          return areaSum * 2;
        }

        function spherical(cartesian) {
          return [atan2(cartesian[1], cartesian[0]), asin(cartesian[2])];
        }

        function cartesian(spherical) {
          var lambda = spherical[0], phi = spherical[1], cosPhi = cos(phi);
          return [cosPhi * cos(lambda), cosPhi * sin(lambda), sin(phi)];
        }

        function cartesianDot(a, b) {
          return a[0] * b[0] + a[1] * b[1] + a[2] * b[2];
        }

        function cartesianCross(a, b) {
          return [a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1], a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2], a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0]];
        }

        // TODO return a
        function cartesianAddInPlace(a, b) {
          a[0] += b[0], a[1] += b[1], a[2] += b[2];
        }

        function cartesianScale(vector, k) {
          return [vector[0] * k, vector[1] * k, vector[2] * k];
        }

        // TODO return d
        function cartesianNormalizeInPlace(d) {
          var l = sqrt(d[0] * d[0] + d[1] * d[1] + d[2] * d[2]);
          d[0] /= l, d[1] /= l, d[2] /= l;
        }

        var lambda0$1, phi0, lambda1, phi1, // bounds
            lambda2, // previous lambda-coordinate
            lambda00$1, phi00$1, // first point
            p0, // previous 3D point
            deltaSum = adder(),
            ranges,
            range;

        var boundsStream = {
          point: boundsPoint,
          lineStart: boundsLineStart,
          lineEnd: boundsLineEnd,
          polygonStart: function() {
            boundsStream.point = boundsRingPoint;
            boundsStream.lineStart = boundsRingStart;
            boundsStream.lineEnd = boundsRingEnd;
            deltaSum.reset();
            areaStream.polygonStart();
          },
          polygonEnd: function() {
            areaStream.polygonEnd();
            boundsStream.point = boundsPoint;
            boundsStream.lineStart = boundsLineStart;
            boundsStream.lineEnd = boundsLineEnd;
            if (areaRingSum < 0) { lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180), phi0 = -(phi1 = 90); }
            else if (deltaSum > epsilon) { phi1 = 90; }
            else if (deltaSum < -epsilon) { phi0 = -90; }
            range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
          },
          sphere: function() {
            lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180), phi0 = -(phi1 = 90);
          }
        };

        function boundsPoint(lambda, phi) {
          ranges.push(range = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
          if (phi < phi0) { phi0 = phi; }
          if (phi > phi1) { phi1 = phi; }
        }

        function linePoint(lambda, phi) {
          var p = cartesian([lambda * radians, phi * radians]);
          if (p0) {
            var normal = cartesianCross(p0, p),
                equatorial = [normal[1], -normal[0], 0],
                inflection = cartesianCross(equatorial, normal);
            cartesianNormalizeInPlace(inflection);
            inflection = spherical(inflection);
            var delta = lambda - lambda2,
                sign = delta > 0 ? 1 : -1,
                lambdai = inflection[0] * degrees * sign,
                phii,
                antimeridian = abs$2(delta) > 180;
            if (antimeridian ^ (sign * lambda2 < lambdai && lambdai < sign * lambda)) {
              phii = inflection[1] * degrees;
              if (phii > phi1) { phi1 = phii; }
            } else if (lambdai = (lambdai + 360) % 360 - 180, antimeridian ^ (sign * lambda2 < lambdai && lambdai < sign * lambda)) {
              phii = -inflection[1] * degrees;
              if (phii < phi0) { phi0 = phii; }
            } else {
              if (phi < phi0) { phi0 = phi; }
              if (phi > phi1) { phi1 = phi; }
            }
            if (antimeridian) {
              if (lambda < lambda2) {
                if (angle(lambda0$1, lambda) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) { lambda1 = lambda; }
              } else {
                if (angle(lambda, lambda1) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) { lambda0$1 = lambda; }
              }
            } else {
              if (lambda1 >= lambda0$1) {
                if (lambda < lambda0$1) { lambda0$1 = lambda; }
                if (lambda > lambda1) { lambda1 = lambda; }
              } else {
                if (lambda > lambda2) {
                  if (angle(lambda0$1, lambda) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) { lambda1 = lambda; }
                } else {
                  if (angle(lambda, lambda1) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) { lambda0$1 = lambda; }
                }
              }
            }
          } else {
            ranges.push(range = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
          }
          if (phi < phi0) { phi0 = phi; }
          if (phi > phi1) { phi1 = phi; }
          p0 = p, lambda2 = lambda;
        }

        function boundsLineStart() {
          boundsStream.point = linePoint;
        }

        function boundsLineEnd() {
          range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
          boundsStream.point = boundsPoint;
          p0 = null;
        }

        function boundsRingPoint(lambda, phi) {
          if (p0) {
            var delta = lambda - lambda2;
            deltaSum.add(abs$2(delta) > 180 ? delta + (delta > 0 ? 360 : -360) : delta);
          } else {
            lambda00$1 = lambda, phi00$1 = phi;
          }
          areaStream.point(lambda, phi);
          linePoint(lambda, phi);
        }

        function boundsRingStart() {
          areaStream.lineStart();
        }

        function boundsRingEnd() {
          boundsRingPoint(lambda00$1, phi00$1);
          areaStream.lineEnd();
          if (abs$2(deltaSum) > epsilon) { lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180); }
          range[0] = lambda0$1, range[1] = lambda1;
          p0 = null;
        }

        // Finds the left-right distance between two longitudes.
        // This is almost the same as (lambda1 - lambda0 + 360°) % 360°, except that we want
        // the distance between ±180° to be 360°.
        function angle(lambda0, lambda1) {
          return (lambda1 -= lambda0) < 0 ? lambda1 + 360 : lambda1;
        }

        function rangeCompare(a, b) {
          return a[0] - b[0];
        }

        function rangeContains(range, x) {
          return range[0] <= range[1] ? range[0] <= x && x <= range[1] : x < range[0] || range[1] < x;
        }

        function d3_geoBounds(feature) {
          var i, n, a, b, merged, deltaMax, delta;

          phi1 = lambda1 = -(lambda0$1 = phi0 = Infinity);
          ranges = [];
          d3_geoStream(feature, boundsStream);

          // First, sort ranges by their minimum longitudes.
          if (n = ranges.length) {
            ranges.sort(rangeCompare);

            // Then, merge any ranges that overlap.
            for (i = 1, a = ranges[0], merged = [a]; i < n; ++i) {
              b = ranges[i];
              if (rangeContains(a, b[0]) || rangeContains(a, b[1])) {
                if (angle(a[0], b[1]) > angle(a[0], a[1])) { a[1] = b[1]; }
                if (angle(b[0], a[1]) > angle(a[0], a[1])) { a[0] = b[0]; }
              } else {
                merged.push(a = b);
              }
            }

            // Finally, find the largest gap between the merged ranges.
            // The final bounding box will be the inverse of this gap.
            for (deltaMax = -Infinity, n = merged.length - 1, i = 0, a = merged[n]; i <= n; a = b, ++i) {
              b = merged[i];
              if ((delta = angle(a[1], b[0])) > deltaMax) { deltaMax = delta, lambda0$1 = b[0], lambda1 = a[1]; }
            }
          }

          ranges = range = null;

          return lambda0$1 === Infinity || phi0 === Infinity
              ? [[NaN, NaN], [NaN, NaN]]
              : [[lambda0$1, phi0], [lambda1, phi1]];
        }

        var W0, W1,
            X0, Y0, Z0,
            X1, Y1, Z1,
            X2, Y2, Z2,
            lambda00$2, phi00$2, // first point
            x0, y0, z0; // previous point

        var centroidStream = {
          sphere: noop$2,
          point: centroidPoint,
          lineStart: centroidLineStart,
          lineEnd: centroidLineEnd,
          polygonStart: function() {
            centroidStream.lineStart = centroidRingStart;
            centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidRingEnd;
          },
          polygonEnd: function() {
            centroidStream.lineStart = centroidLineStart;
            centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidLineEnd;
          }
        };

        // Arithmetic mean of Cartesian vectors.
        function centroidPoint(lambda, phi) {
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          var cosPhi = cos(phi);
          centroidPointCartesian(cosPhi * cos(lambda), cosPhi * sin(lambda), sin(phi));
        }

        function centroidPointCartesian(x, y, z) {
          ++W0;
          X0 += (x - X0) / W0;
          Y0 += (y - Y0) / W0;
          Z0 += (z - Z0) / W0;
        }

        function centroidLineStart() {
          centroidStream.point = centroidLinePointFirst;
        }

        function centroidLinePointFirst(lambda, phi) {
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          var cosPhi = cos(phi);
          x0 = cosPhi * cos(lambda);
          y0 = cosPhi * sin(lambda);
          z0 = sin(phi);
          centroidStream.point = centroidLinePoint;
          centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
        }

        function centroidLinePoint(lambda, phi) {
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          var cosPhi = cos(phi),
              x = cosPhi * cos(lambda),
              y = cosPhi * sin(lambda),
              z = sin(phi),
              w = atan2(sqrt((w = y0 * z - z0 * y) * w + (w = z0 * x - x0 * z) * w + (w = x0 * y - y0 * x) * w), x0 * x + y0 * y + z0 * z);
          W1 += w;
          X1 += w * (x0 + (x0 = x));
          Y1 += w * (y0 + (y0 = y));
          Z1 += w * (z0 + (z0 = z));
          centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
        }

        function centroidLineEnd() {
          centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
        }

        // See J. E. Brock, The Inertia Tensor for a Spherical Triangle,
        // J. Applied Mechanics 42, 239 (1975).
        function centroidRingStart() {
          centroidStream.point = centroidRingPointFirst;
        }

        function centroidRingEnd() {
          centroidRingPoint(lambda00$2, phi00$2);
          centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
        }

        function centroidRingPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
          lambda00$2 = lambda, phi00$2 = phi;
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          centroidStream.point = centroidRingPoint;
          var cosPhi = cos(phi);
          x0 = cosPhi * cos(lambda);
          y0 = cosPhi * sin(lambda);
          z0 = sin(phi);
          centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
        }

        function centroidRingPoint(lambda, phi) {
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          var cosPhi = cos(phi),
              x = cosPhi * cos(lambda),
              y = cosPhi * sin(lambda),
              z = sin(phi),
              cx = y0 * z - z0 * y,
              cy = z0 * x - x0 * z,
              cz = x0 * y - y0 * x,
              m = sqrt(cx * cx + cy * cy + cz * cz),
              w = asin(m), // line weight = angle
              v = m && -w / m; // area weight multiplier
          X2 += v * cx;
          Y2 += v * cy;
          Z2 += v * cz;
          W1 += w;
          X1 += w * (x0 + (x0 = x));
          Y1 += w * (y0 + (y0 = y));
          Z1 += w * (z0 + (z0 = z));
          centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
        }

        function d3_geoCentroid(object) {
          W0 = W1 =
          X0 = Y0 = Z0 =
          X1 = Y1 = Z1 =
          X2 = Y2 = Z2 = 0;
          d3_geoStream(object, centroidStream);

          var x = X2,
              y = Y2,
              z = Z2,
              m = x * x + y * y + z * z;

          // If the area-weighted ccentroid is undefined, fall back to length-weighted ccentroid.
          if (m < epsilon2) {
            x = X1, y = Y1, z = Z1;
            // If the feature has zero length, fall back to arithmetic mean of point vectors.
            if (W1 < epsilon) { x = X0, y = Y0, z = Z0; }
            m = x * x + y * y + z * z;
            // If the feature still has an undefined ccentroid, then return.
            if (m < epsilon2) { return [NaN, NaN]; }
          }

          return [atan2(y, x) * degrees, asin(z / sqrt(m)) * degrees];
        }

        function compose(a, b) {

          function compose(x, y) {
            return x = a(x, y), b(x[0], x[1]);
          }

          if (a.invert && b.invert) { compose.invert = function(x, y) {
            return x = b.invert(x, y), x && a.invert(x[0], x[1]);
          }; }

          return compose;
        }

        function rotationIdentity(lambda, phi) {
          return [abs$2(lambda) > pi ? lambda + Math.round(-lambda / tau) * tau : lambda, phi];
        }

        rotationIdentity.invert = rotationIdentity;

        function rotateRadians(deltaLambda, deltaPhi, deltaGamma) {
          return (deltaLambda %= tau) ? (deltaPhi || deltaGamma ? compose(rotationLambda(deltaLambda), rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma))
            : rotationLambda(deltaLambda))
            : (deltaPhi || deltaGamma ? rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma)
            : rotationIdentity);
        }

        function forwardRotationLambda(deltaLambda) {
          return function(lambda, phi) {
            return lambda += deltaLambda, [lambda > pi ? lambda - tau : lambda < -pi ? lambda + tau : lambda, phi];
          };
        }

        function rotationLambda(deltaLambda) {
          var rotation = forwardRotationLambda(deltaLambda);
          rotation.invert = forwardRotationLambda(-deltaLambda);
          return rotation;
        }

        function rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma) {
          var cosDeltaPhi = cos(deltaPhi),
              sinDeltaPhi = sin(deltaPhi),
              cosDeltaGamma = cos(deltaGamma),
              sinDeltaGamma = sin(deltaGamma);

          function rotation(lambda, phi) {
            var cosPhi = cos(phi),
                x = cos(lambda) * cosPhi,
                y = sin(lambda) * cosPhi,
                z = sin(phi),
                k = z * cosDeltaPhi + x * sinDeltaPhi;
            return [
              atan2(y * cosDeltaGamma - k * sinDeltaGamma, x * cosDeltaPhi - z * sinDeltaPhi),
              asin(k * cosDeltaGamma + y * sinDeltaGamma)
            ];
          }

          rotation.invert = function(lambda, phi) {
            var cosPhi = cos(phi),
                x = cos(lambda) * cosPhi,
                y = sin(lambda) * cosPhi,
                z = sin(phi),
                k = z * cosDeltaGamma - y * sinDeltaGamma;
            return [
              atan2(y * cosDeltaGamma + z * sinDeltaGamma, x * cosDeltaPhi + k * sinDeltaPhi),
              asin(k * cosDeltaPhi - x * sinDeltaPhi)
            ];
          };

          return rotation;
        }

        function rotation(rotate) {
          rotate = rotateRadians(rotate[0] * radians, rotate[1] * radians, rotate.length > 2 ? rotate[2] * radians : 0);

          function forward(coordinates) {
            coordinates = rotate(coordinates[0] * radians, coordinates[1] * radians);
            return coordinates[0] *= degrees, coordinates[1] *= degrees, coordinates;
          }

          forward.invert = function(coordinates) {
            coordinates = rotate.invert(coordinates[0] * radians, coordinates[1] * radians);
            return coordinates[0] *= degrees, coordinates[1] *= degrees, coordinates;
          };

          return forward;
        }

        // Generates a circle centered at [0°, 0°], with a given radius and precision.
        function circleStream(stream, radius, delta, direction, t0, t1) {
          if (!delta) { return; }
          var cosRadius = cos(radius),
              sinRadius = sin(radius),
              step = direction * delta;
          if (t0 == null) {
            t0 = radius + direction * tau;
            t1 = radius - step / 2;
          } else {
            t0 = circleRadius(cosRadius, t0);
            t1 = circleRadius(cosRadius, t1);
            if (direction > 0 ? t0 < t1 : t0 > t1) { t0 += direction * tau; }
          }
          for (var point, t = t0; direction > 0 ? t > t1 : t < t1; t -= step) {
            point = spherical([cosRadius, -sinRadius * cos(t), -sinRadius * sin(t)]);
            stream.point(point[0], point[1]);
          }
        }

        // Returns the signed angle of a cartesian point relative to [cosRadius, 0, 0].
        function circleRadius(cosRadius, point) {
          point = cartesian(point), point[0] -= cosRadius;
          cartesianNormalizeInPlace(point);
          var radius = acos(-point[1]);
          return ((-point[2] < 0 ? -radius : radius) + tau - epsilon) % tau;
        }

        function clipBuffer() {
          var lines = [],
              line;
          return {
            point: function(x, y, m) {
              line.push([x, y, m]);
            },
            lineStart: function() {
              lines.push(line = []);
            },
            lineEnd: noop$2,
            rejoin: function() {
              if (lines.length > 1) { lines.push(lines.pop().concat(lines.shift())); }
            },
            result: function() {
              var result = lines;
              lines = [];
              line = null;
              return result;
            }
          };
        }

        function pointEqual(a, b) {
          return abs$2(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon && abs$2(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon;
        }

        function Intersection(point, points, other, entry) {
          this.x = point;
          this.z = points;
          this.o = other; // another intersection
          this.e = entry; // is an entry?
          this.v = false; // visited
          this.n = this.p = null; // next & previous
        }

        // A generalized polygon clipping algorithm: given a polygon that has been cut
        // into its visible line segments, and rejoins the segments by interpolating
        // along the clip edge.
        function clipRejoin(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, stream) {
          var subject = [],
              clip = [],
              i,
              n;

          segments.forEach(function(segment) {
            if ((n = segment.length - 1) <= 0) { return; }
            var n, p0 = segment[0], p1 = segment[n], x;

            if (pointEqual(p0, p1)) {
              if (!p0[2] && !p1[2]) {
                stream.lineStart();
                for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { stream.point((p0 = segment[i])[0], p0[1]); }
                stream.lineEnd();
                return;
              }
              // handle degenerate cases by moving the point
              p1[0] += 2 * epsilon;
            }

            subject.push(x = new Intersection(p0, segment, null, true));
            clip.push(x.o = new Intersection(p0, null, x, false));
            subject.push(x = new Intersection(p1, segment, null, false));
            clip.push(x.o = new Intersection(p1, null, x, true));
          });

          if (!subject.length) { return; }

          clip.sort(compareIntersection);
          link(subject);
          link(clip);

          for (i = 0, n = clip.length; i < n; ++i) {
            clip[i].e = startInside = !startInside;
          }

          var start = subject[0],
              points,
              point;

          while (1) {
            // Find first unvisited intersection.
            var current = start,
                isSubject = true;
            while (current.v) { if ((current = current.n) === start) { return; } }
            points = current.z;
            stream.lineStart();
            do {
              current.v = current.o.v = true;
              if (current.e) {
                if (isSubject) {
                  for (i = 0, n = points.length; i < n; ++i) { stream.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]); }
                } else {
                  interpolate(current.x, current.n.x, 1, stream);
                }
                current = current.n;
              } else {
                if (isSubject) {
                  points = current.p.z;
                  for (i = points.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) { stream.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]); }
                } else {
                  interpolate(current.x, current.p.x, -1, stream);
                }
                current = current.p;
              }
              current = current.o;
              points = current.z;
              isSubject = !isSubject;
            } while (!current.v);
            stream.lineEnd();
          }
        }

        function link(array) {
          if (!(n = array.length)) { return; }
          var n,
              i = 0,
              a = array[0],
              b;
          while (++i < n) {
            a.n = b = array[i];
            b.p = a;
            a = b;
          }
          a.n = b = array[0];
          b.p = a;
        }

        var sum = adder();

        function longitude(point) {
          if (abs$2(point[0]) <= pi)
            { return point[0]; }
          else
            { return sign$2(point[0]) * ((abs$2(point[0]) + pi) % tau - pi); }
        }

        function polygonContains(polygon, point) {
          var lambda = longitude(point),
              phi = point[1],
              sinPhi = sin(phi),
              normal = [sin(lambda), -cos(lambda), 0],
              angle = 0,
              winding = 0;

          sum.reset();

          if (sinPhi === 1) { phi = halfPi + epsilon; }
          else if (sinPhi === -1) { phi = -halfPi - epsilon; }

          for (var i = 0, n = polygon.length; i < n; ++i) {
            if (!(m = (ring = polygon[i]).length)) { continue; }
            var ring,
                m,
                point0 = ring[m - 1],
                lambda0 = longitude(point0),
                phi0 = point0[1] / 2 + quarterPi,
                sinPhi0 = sin(phi0),
                cosPhi0 = cos(phi0);

            for (var j = 0; j < m; ++j, lambda0 = lambda1, sinPhi0 = sinPhi1, cosPhi0 = cosPhi1, point0 = point1) {
              var point1 = ring[j],
                  lambda1 = longitude(point1),
                  phi1 = point1[1] / 2 + quarterPi,
                  sinPhi1 = sin(phi1),
                  cosPhi1 = cos(phi1),
                  delta = lambda1 - lambda0,
                  sign = delta >= 0 ? 1 : -1,
                  absDelta = sign * delta,
                  antimeridian = absDelta > pi,
                  k = sinPhi0 * sinPhi1;

              sum.add(atan2(k * sign * sin(absDelta), cosPhi0 * cosPhi1 + k * cos(absDelta)));
              angle += antimeridian ? delta + sign * tau : delta;

              // Are the longitudes either side of the point’s meridian (lambda),
              // and are the latitudes smaller than the parallel (phi)?
              if (antimeridian ^ lambda0 >= lambda ^ lambda1 >= lambda) {
                var arc = cartesianCross(cartesian(point0), cartesian(point1));
                cartesianNormalizeInPlace(arc);
                var intersection = cartesianCross(normal, arc);
                cartesianNormalizeInPlace(intersection);
                var phiArc = (antimeridian ^ delta >= 0 ? -1 : 1) * asin(intersection[2]);
                if (phi > phiArc || phi === phiArc && (arc[0] || arc[1])) {
                  winding += antimeridian ^ delta >= 0 ? 1 : -1;
                }
              }
            }
          }

          // First, determine whether the South pole is inside or outside:
          //
          // It is inside if:
          // * the polygon winds around it in a clockwise direction.
          // * the polygon does not (cumulatively) wind around it, but has a negative
          //   (counter-clockwise) area.
          //
          // Second, count the (signed) number of times a segment crosses a lambda
          // from the point to the South pole.  If it is zero, then the point is the
          // same side as the South pole.

          return (angle < -epsilon || angle < epsilon && sum < -epsilon) ^ (winding & 1);
        }

        function d3_ascending(a, b) {
          return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : a >= b ? 0 : NaN;
        }

        function d3_bisector(compare) {
          if (compare.length === 1) { compare = ascendingComparator(compare); }
          return {
            left: function(a, x, lo, hi) {
              if (lo == null) { lo = 0; }
              if (hi == null) { hi = a.length; }
              while (lo < hi) {
                var mid = lo + hi >>> 1;
                if (compare(a[mid], x) < 0) { lo = mid + 1; }
                else { hi = mid; }
              }
              return lo;
            },
            right: function(a, x, lo, hi) {
              if (lo == null) { lo = 0; }
              if (hi == null) { hi = a.length; }
              while (lo < hi) {
                var mid = lo + hi >>> 1;
                if (compare(a[mid], x) > 0) { hi = mid; }
                else { lo = mid + 1; }
              }
              return lo;
            }
          };
        }

        function ascendingComparator(f) {
          return function(d, x) {
            return d3_ascending(f(d), x);
          };
        }

        var ascendingBisect = d3_bisector(d3_ascending);
        var bisectRight = ascendingBisect.right;

        function d3_descending(a, b) {
          return b < a ? -1 : b > a ? 1 : b >= a ? 0 : NaN;
        }

        function number(x) {
          return x === null ? NaN : +x;
        }

        function range$1(start, stop, step) {
          start = +start, stop = +stop, step = (n = arguments.length) < 2 ? (stop = start, start = 0, 1) : n < 3 ? 1 : +step;

          var i = -1,
              n = Math.max(0, Math.ceil((stop - start) / step)) | 0,
              range = new Array(n);

          while (++i < n) {
            range[i] = start + i * step;
          }

          return range;
        }

        var e10 = Math.sqrt(50),
            e5 = Math.sqrt(10),
            e2 = Math.sqrt(2);

        function ticks(start, stop, count) {
          var reverse,
              i = -1,
              n,
              ticks,
              step;

          stop = +stop, start = +start, count = +count;
          if (start === stop && count > 0) { return [start]; }
          if (reverse = stop < start) { n = start, start = stop, stop = n; }
          if ((step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count)) === 0 || !isFinite(step)) { return []; }

          if (step > 0) {
            start = Math.ceil(start / step);
            stop = Math.floor(stop / step);
            ticks = new Array(n = Math.ceil(stop - start + 1));
            while (++i < n) { ticks[i] = (start + i) * step; }
          } else {
            start = Math.floor(start * step);
            stop = Math.ceil(stop * step);
            ticks = new Array(n = Math.ceil(start - stop + 1));
            while (++i < n) { ticks[i] = (start - i) / step; }
          }

          if (reverse) { ticks.reverse(); }

          return ticks;
        }

        function tickIncrement(start, stop, count) {
          var step = (stop - start) / Math.max(0, count),
              power = Math.floor(Math.log(step) / Math.LN10),
              error = step / Math.pow(10, power);
          return power >= 0
              ? (error >= e10 ? 10 : error >= e5 ? 5 : error >= e2 ? 2 : 1) * Math.pow(10, power)
              : -Math.pow(10, -power) / (error >= e10 ? 10 : error >= e5 ? 5 : error >= e2 ? 2 : 1);
        }

        function tickStep(start, stop, count) {
          var step0 = Math.abs(stop - start) / Math.max(0, count),
              step1 = Math.pow(10, Math.floor(Math.log(step0) / Math.LN10)),
              error = step0 / step1;
          if (error >= e10) { step1 *= 10; }
          else if (error >= e5) { step1 *= 5; }
          else if (error >= e2) { step1 *= 2; }
          return stop < start ? -step1 : step1;
        }

        function threshold(values, p, valueof) {
          if (valueof == null) { valueof = number; }
          if (!(n = values.length)) { return; }
          if ((p = +p) <= 0 || n < 2) { return +valueof(values[0], 0, values); }
          if (p >= 1) { return +valueof(values[n - 1], n - 1, values); }
          var n,
              i = (n - 1) * p,
              i0 = Math.floor(i),
              value0 = +valueof(values[i0], i0, values),
              value1 = +valueof(values[i0 + 1], i0 + 1, values);
          return value0 + (value1 - value0) * (i - i0);
        }

        function d3_median(values, valueof) {
          var n = values.length,
              i = -1,
              value,
              numbers = [];

          if (valueof == null) {
            while (++i < n) {
              if (!isNaN(value = number(values[i]))) {
                numbers.push(value);
              }
            }
          }

          else {
            while (++i < n) {
              if (!isNaN(value = number(valueof(values[i], i, values)))) {
                numbers.push(value);
              }
            }
          }

          return threshold(numbers.sort(d3_ascending), 0.5);
        }

        function merge(arrays) {
          var n = arrays.length,
              m,
              i = -1,
              j = 0,
              merged,
              array;

          while (++i < n) { j += arrays[i].length; }
          merged = new Array(j);

          while (--n >= 0) {
            array = arrays[n];
            m = array.length;
            while (--m >= 0) {
              merged[--j] = array[m];
            }
          }

          return merged;
        }

        function clip(pointVisible, clipLine, interpolate, start) {
          return function(sink) {
            var line = clipLine(sink),
                ringBuffer = clipBuffer(),
                ringSink = clipLine(ringBuffer),
                polygonStarted = false,
                polygon,
                segments,
                ring;

            var clip = {
              point: point,
              lineStart: lineStart,
              lineEnd: lineEnd,
              polygonStart: function() {
                clip.point = pointRing;
                clip.lineStart = ringStart;
                clip.lineEnd = ringEnd;
                segments = [];
                polygon = [];
              },
              polygonEnd: function() {
                clip.point = point;
                clip.lineStart = lineStart;
                clip.lineEnd = lineEnd;
                segments = merge(segments);
                var startInside = polygonContains(polygon, start);
                if (segments.length) {
                  if (!polygonStarted) { sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true; }
                  clipRejoin(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, sink);
                } else if (startInside) {
                  if (!polygonStarted) { sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true; }
                  sink.lineStart();
                  interpolate(null, null, 1, sink);
                  sink.lineEnd();
                }
                if (polygonStarted) { sink.polygonEnd(), polygonStarted = false; }
                segments = polygon = null;
              },
              sphere: function() {
                sink.polygonStart();
                sink.lineStart();
                interpolate(null, null, 1, sink);
                sink.lineEnd();
                sink.polygonEnd();
              }
            };

            function point(lambda, phi) {
              if (pointVisible(lambda, phi)) { sink.point(lambda, phi); }
            }

            function pointLine(lambda, phi) {
              line.point(lambda, phi);
            }

            function lineStart() {
              clip.point = pointLine;
              line.lineStart();
            }

            function lineEnd() {
              clip.point = point;
              line.lineEnd();
            }

            function pointRing(lambda, phi) {
              ring.push([lambda, phi]);
              ringSink.point(lambda, phi);
            }

            function ringStart() {
              ringSink.lineStart();
              ring = [];
            }

            function ringEnd() {
              pointRing(ring[0][0], ring[0][1]);
              ringSink.lineEnd();

              var clean = ringSink.clean(),
                  ringSegments = ringBuffer.result(),
                  i, n = ringSegments.length, m,
                  segment,
                  point;

              ring.pop();
              polygon.push(ring);
              ring = null;

              if (!n) { return; }

              // No intersections.
              if (clean & 1) {
                segment = ringSegments[0];
                if ((m = segment.length - 1) > 0) {
                  if (!polygonStarted) { sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true; }
                  sink.lineStart();
                  for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) { sink.point((point = segment[i])[0], point[1]); }
                  sink.lineEnd();
                }
                return;
              }

              // Rejoin connected segments.
              // TODO reuse ringBuffer.rejoin()?
              if (n > 1 && clean & 2) { ringSegments.push(ringSegments.pop().concat(ringSegments.shift())); }

              segments.push(ringSegments.filter(validSegment));
            }

            return clip;
          };
        }

        function validSegment(segment) {
          return segment.length > 1;
        }

        // Intersections are sorted along the clip edge. For both antimeridian cutting
        // and circle clipping, the same comparison is used.
        function compareIntersection(a, b) {
          return ((a = a.x)[0] < 0 ? a[1] - halfPi - epsilon : halfPi - a[1])
               - ((b = b.x)[0] < 0 ? b[1] - halfPi - epsilon : halfPi - b[1]);
        }

        var clipAntimeridian = clip(
          function() { return true; },
          clipAntimeridianLine,
          clipAntimeridianInterpolate,
          [-pi, -halfPi]
        );

        // Takes a line and cuts into visible segments. Return values: 0 - there were
        // intersections or the line was empty; 1 - no intersections; 2 - there were
        // intersections, and the first and last segments should be rejoined.
        function clipAntimeridianLine(stream) {
          var lambda0 = NaN,
              phi0 = NaN,
              sign0 = NaN,
              clean; // no intersections

          return {
            lineStart: function() {
              stream.lineStart();
              clean = 1;
            },
            point: function(lambda1, phi1) {
              var sign1 = lambda1 > 0 ? pi : -pi,
                  delta = abs$2(lambda1 - lambda0);
              if (abs$2(delta - pi) < epsilon) { // line crosses a pole
                stream.point(lambda0, phi0 = (phi0 + phi1) / 2 > 0 ? halfPi : -halfPi);
                stream.point(sign0, phi0);
                stream.lineEnd();
                stream.lineStart();
                stream.point(sign1, phi0);
                stream.point(lambda1, phi0);
                clean = 0;
              } else if (sign0 !== sign1 && delta >= pi) { // line crosses antimeridian
                if (abs$2(lambda0 - sign0) < epsilon) { lambda0 -= sign0 * epsilon; } // handle degeneracies
                if (abs$2(lambda1 - sign1) < epsilon) { lambda1 -= sign1 * epsilon; }
                phi0 = clipAntimeridianIntersect(lambda0, phi0, lambda1, phi1);
                stream.point(sign0, phi0);
                stream.lineEnd();
                stream.lineStart();
                stream.point(sign1, phi0);
                clean = 0;
              }
              stream.point(lambda0 = lambda1, phi0 = phi1);
              sign0 = sign1;
            },
            lineEnd: function() {
              stream.lineEnd();
              lambda0 = phi0 = NaN;
            },
            clean: function() {
              return 2 - clean; // if intersections, rejoin first and last segments
            }
          };
        }

        function clipAntimeridianIntersect(lambda0, phi0, lambda1, phi1) {
          var cosPhi0,
              cosPhi1,
              sinLambda0Lambda1 = sin(lambda0 - lambda1);
          return abs$2(sinLambda0Lambda1) > epsilon
              ? atan((sin(phi0) * (cosPhi1 = cos(phi1)) * sin(lambda1)
                  - sin(phi1) * (cosPhi0 = cos(phi0)) * sin(lambda0))
                  / (cosPhi0 * cosPhi1 * sinLambda0Lambda1))
              : (phi0 + phi1) / 2;
        }

        function clipAntimeridianInterpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
          var phi;
          if (from == null) {
            phi = direction * halfPi;
            stream.point(-pi, phi);
            stream.point(0, phi);
            stream.point(pi, phi);
            stream.point(pi, 0);
            stream.point(pi, -phi);
            stream.point(0, -phi);
            stream.point(-pi, -phi);
            stream.point(-pi, 0);
            stream.point(-pi, phi);
          } else if (abs$2(from[0] - to[0]) > epsilon) {
            var lambda = from[0] < to[0] ? pi : -pi;
            phi = direction * lambda / 2;
            stream.point(-lambda, phi);
            stream.point(0, phi);
            stream.point(lambda, phi);
          } else {
            stream.point(to[0], to[1]);
          }
        }

        function clipCircle(radius) {
          var cr = cos(radius),
              delta = 6 * radians,
              smallRadius = cr > 0,
              notHemisphere = abs$2(cr) > epsilon; // TODO optimise for this common case

          function interpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
            circleStream(stream, radius, delta, direction, from, to);
          }

          function visible(lambda, phi) {
            return cos(lambda) * cos(phi) > cr;
          }

          // Takes a line and cuts into visible segments. Return values used for polygon
          // clipping: 0 - there were intersections or the line was empty; 1 - no
          // intersections 2 - there were intersections, and the first and last segments
          // should be rejoined.
          function clipLine(stream) {
            var point0, // previous point
                c0, // code for previous point
                v0, // visibility of previous point
                v00, // visibility of first point
                clean; // no intersections
            return {
              lineStart: function() {
                v00 = v0 = false;
                clean = 1;
              },
              point: function(lambda, phi) {
                var point1 = [lambda, phi],
                    point2,
                    v = visible(lambda, phi),
                    c = smallRadius
                      ? v ? 0 : code(lambda, phi)
                      : v ? code(lambda + (lambda < 0 ? pi : -pi), phi) : 0;
                if (!point0 && (v00 = v0 = v)) { stream.lineStart(); }
                if (v !== v0) {
                  point2 = intersect(point0, point1);
                  if (!point2 || pointEqual(point0, point2) || pointEqual(point1, point2))
                    { point1[2] = 1; }
                }
                if (v !== v0) {
                  clean = 0;
                  if (v) {
                    // outside going in
                    stream.lineStart();
                    point2 = intersect(point1, point0);
                    stream.point(point2[0], point2[1]);
                  } else {
                    // inside going out
                    point2 = intersect(point0, point1);
                    stream.point(point2[0], point2[1], 2);
                    stream.lineEnd();
                  }
                  point0 = point2;
                } else if (notHemisphere && point0 && smallRadius ^ v) {
                  var t;
                  // If the codes for two points are different, or are both zero,
                  // and there this segment intersects with the small circle.
                  if (!(c & c0) && (t = intersect(point1, point0, true))) {
                    clean = 0;
                    if (smallRadius) {
                      stream.lineStart();
                      stream.point(t[0][0], t[0][1]);
                      stream.point(t[1][0], t[1][1]);
                      stream.lineEnd();
                    } else {
                      stream.point(t[1][0], t[1][1]);
                      stream.lineEnd();
                      stream.lineStart();
                      stream.point(t[0][0], t[0][1], 3);
                    }
                  }
                }
                if (v && (!point0 || !pointEqual(point0, point1))) {
                  stream.point(point1[0], point1[1]);
                }
                point0 = point1, v0 = v, c0 = c;
              },
              lineEnd: function() {
                if (v0) { stream.lineEnd(); }
                point0 = null;
              },
              // Rejoin first and last segments if there were intersections and the first
              // and last points were visible.
              clean: function() {
                return clean | ((v00 && v0) << 1);
              }
            };
          }

          // Intersects the great circle between a and b with the clip circle.
          function intersect(a, b, two) {
            var pa = cartesian(a),
                pb = cartesian(b);

            // We have two planes, n1.p = d1 and n2.p = d2.
            // Find intersection line p(t) = c1 n1 + c2 n2 + t (n1 ⨯ n2).
            var n1 = [1, 0, 0], // normal
                n2 = cartesianCross(pa, pb),
                n2n2 = cartesianDot(n2, n2),
                n1n2 = n2[0], // cartesianDot(n1, n2),
                determinant = n2n2 - n1n2 * n1n2;

            // Two polar points.
            if (!determinant) { return !two && a; }

            var c1 =  cr * n2n2 / determinant,
                c2 = -cr * n1n2 / determinant,
                n1xn2 = cartesianCross(n1, n2),
                A = cartesianScale(n1, c1),
                B = cartesianScale(n2, c2);
            cartesianAddInPlace(A, B);

            // Solve |p(t)|^2 = 1.
            var u = n1xn2,
                w = cartesianDot(A, u),
                uu = cartesianDot(u, u),
                t2 = w * w - uu * (cartesianDot(A, A) - 1);

            if (t2 < 0) { return; }

            var t = sqrt(t2),
                q = cartesianScale(u, (-w - t) / uu);
            cartesianAddInPlace(q, A);
            q = spherical(q);

            if (!two) { return q; }

            // Two intersection points.
            var lambda0 = a[0],
                lambda1 = b[0],
                phi0 = a[1],
                phi1 = b[1],
                z;

            if (lambda1 < lambda0) { z = lambda0, lambda0 = lambda1, lambda1 = z; }

            var delta = lambda1 - lambda0,
                polar = abs$2(delta - pi) < epsilon,
                meridian = polar || delta < epsilon;

            if (!polar && phi1 < phi0) { z = phi0, phi0 = phi1, phi1 = z; }

            // Check that the first point is between a and b.
            if (meridian
                ? polar
                  ? phi0 + phi1 > 0 ^ q[1] < (abs$2(q[0] - lambda0) < epsilon ? phi0 : phi1)
                  : phi0 <= q[1] && q[1] <= phi1
                : delta > pi ^ (lambda0 <= q[0] && q[0] <= lambda1)) {
              var q1 = cartesianScale(u, (-w + t) / uu);
              cartesianAddInPlace(q1, A);
              return [q, spherical(q1)];
            }
          }

          // Generates a 4-bit vector representing the location of a point relative to
          // the small circle's bounding box.
          function code(lambda, phi) {
            var r = smallRadius ? radius : pi - radius,
                code = 0;
            if (lambda < -r) { code |= 1; } // left
            else if (lambda > r) { code |= 2; } // right
            if (phi < -r) { code |= 4; } // below
            else if (phi > r) { code |= 8; } // above
            return code;
          }

          return clip(visible, clipLine, interpolate, smallRadius ? [0, -radius] : [-pi, radius - pi]);
        }

        function clipLine(a, b, x0, y0, x1, y1) {
          var ax = a[0],
              ay = a[1],
              bx = b[0],
              by = b[1],
              t0 = 0,
              t1 = 1,
              dx = bx - ax,
              dy = by - ay,
              r;

          r = x0 - ax;
          if (!dx && r > 0) { return; }
          r /= dx;
          if (dx < 0) {
            if (r < t0) { return; }
            if (r < t1) { t1 = r; }
          } else if (dx > 0) {
            if (r > t1) { return; }
            if (r > t0) { t0 = r; }
          }

          r = x1 - ax;
          if (!dx && r < 0) { return; }
          r /= dx;
          if (dx < 0) {
            if (r > t1) { return; }
            if (r > t0) { t0 = r; }
          } else if (dx > 0) {
            if (r < t0) { return; }
            if (r < t1) { t1 = r; }
          }

          r = y0 - ay;
          if (!dy && r > 0) { return; }
          r /= dy;
          if (dy < 0) {
            if (r < t0) { return; }
            if (r < t1) { t1 = r; }
          } else if (dy > 0) {
            if (r > t1) { return; }
            if (r > t0) { t0 = r; }
          }

          r = y1 - ay;
          if (!dy && r < 0) { return; }
          r /= dy;
          if (dy < 0) {
            if (r > t1) { return; }
            if (r > t0) { t0 = r; }
          } else if (dy > 0) {
            if (r < t0) { return; }
            if (r < t1) { t1 = r; }
          }

          if (t0 > 0) { a[0] = ax + t0 * dx, a[1] = ay + t0 * dy; }
          if (t1 < 1) { b[0] = ax + t1 * dx, b[1] = ay + t1 * dy; }
          return true;
        }

        var clipMax = 1e9, clipMin = -clipMax;

        // TODO Use d3-polygon’s polygonContains here for the ring check?
        // TODO Eliminate duplicate buffering in clipBuffer and polygon.push?

        function clipRectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1) {

          function visible(x, y) {
            return x0 <= x && x <= x1 && y0 <= y && y <= y1;
          }

          function interpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
            var a = 0, a1 = 0;
            if (from == null
                || (a = corner(from, direction)) !== (a1 = corner(to, direction))
                || comparePoint(from, to) < 0 ^ direction > 0) {
              do { stream.point(a === 0 || a === 3 ? x0 : x1, a > 1 ? y1 : y0); }
              while ((a = (a + direction + 4) % 4) !== a1);
            } else {
              stream.point(to[0], to[1]);
            }
          }

          function corner(p, direction) {
            return abs$2(p[0] - x0) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 0 : 3
                : abs$2(p[0] - x1) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 2 : 1
                : abs$2(p[1] - y0) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 1 : 0
                : direction > 0 ? 3 : 2; // abs(p[1] - y1) < epsilon
          }

          function compareIntersection(a, b) {
            return comparePoint(a.x, b.x);
          }

          function comparePoint(a, b) {
            var ca = corner(a, 1),
                cb = corner(b, 1);
            return ca !== cb ? ca - cb
                : ca === 0 ? b[1] - a[1]
                : ca === 1 ? a[0] - b[0]
                : ca === 2 ? a[1] - b[1]
                : b[0] - a[0];
          }

          return function(stream) {
            var activeStream = stream,
                bufferStream = clipBuffer(),
                segments,
                polygon,
                ring,
                x__, y__, v__, // first point
                x_, y_, v_, // previous point
                first,
                clean;

            var clipStream = {
              point: point,
              lineStart: lineStart,
              lineEnd: lineEnd,
              polygonStart: polygonStart,
              polygonEnd: polygonEnd
            };

            function point(x, y) {
              if (visible(x, y)) { activeStream.point(x, y); }
            }

            function polygonInside() {
              var winding = 0;

              for (var i = 0, n = polygon.length; i < n; ++i) {
                for (var ring = polygon[i], j = 1, m = ring.length, point = ring[0], a0, a1, b0 = point[0], b1 = point[1]; j < m; ++j) {
                  a0 = b0, a1 = b1, point = ring[j], b0 = point[0], b1 = point[1];
                  if (a1 <= y1) { if (b1 > y1 && (b0 - a0) * (y1 - a1) > (b1 - a1) * (x0 - a0)) { ++winding; } }
                  else { if (b1 <= y1 && (b0 - a0) * (y1 - a1) < (b1 - a1) * (x0 - a0)) { --winding; } }
                }
              }

              return winding;
            }

            // Buffer geometry within a polygon and then clip it en masse.
            function polygonStart() {
              activeStream = bufferStream, segments = [], polygon = [], clean = true;
            }

            function polygonEnd() {
              var startInside = polygonInside(),
                  cleanInside = clean && startInside,
                  visible = (segments = merge(segments)).length;
              if (cleanInside || visible) {
                stream.polygonStart();
                if (cleanInside) {
                  stream.lineStart();
                  interpolate(null, null, 1, stream);
                  stream.lineEnd();
                }
                if (visible) {
                  clipRejoin(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, stream);
                }
                stream.polygonEnd();
              }
              activeStream = stream, segments = polygon = ring = null;
            }

            function lineStart() {
              clipStream.point = linePoint;
              if (polygon) { polygon.push(ring = []); }
              first = true;
              v_ = false;
              x_ = y_ = NaN;
            }

            // TODO rather than special-case polygons, simply handle them separately.
            // Ideally, coincident intersection points should be jittered to avoid
            // clipping issues.
            function lineEnd() {
              if (segments) {
                linePoint(x__, y__);
                if (v__ && v_) { bufferStream.rejoin(); }
                segments.push(bufferStream.result());
              }
              clipStream.point = point;
              if (v_) { activeStream.lineEnd(); }
            }

            function linePoint(x, y) {
              var v = visible(x, y);
              if (polygon) { ring.push([x, y]); }
              if (first) {
                x__ = x, y__ = y, v__ = v;
                first = false;
                if (v) {
                  activeStream.lineStart();
                  activeStream.point(x, y);
                }
              } else {
                if (v && v_) { activeStream.point(x, y); }
                else {
                  var a = [x_ = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, x_)), y_ = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, y_))],
                      b = [x = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, x)), y = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, y))];
                  if (clipLine(a, b, x0, y0, x1, y1)) {
                    if (!v_) {
                      activeStream.lineStart();
                      activeStream.point(a[0], a[1]);
                    }
                    activeStream.point(b[0], b[1]);
                    if (!v) { activeStream.lineEnd(); }
                    clean = false;
                  } else if (v) {
                    activeStream.lineStart();
                    activeStream.point(x, y);
                    clean = false;
                  }
                }
              }
              x_ = x, y_ = y, v_ = v;
            }

            return clipStream;
          };
        }

        var lengthSum = adder(),
            lambda0$2,
            sinPhi0$1,
            cosPhi0$1;

        var lengthStream = {
          sphere: noop$2,
          point: noop$2,
          lineStart: lengthLineStart,
          lineEnd: noop$2,
          polygonStart: noop$2,
          polygonEnd: noop$2
        };

        function lengthLineStart() {
          lengthStream.point = lengthPointFirst;
          lengthStream.lineEnd = lengthLineEnd;
        }

        function lengthLineEnd() {
          lengthStream.point = lengthStream.lineEnd = noop$2;
        }

        function lengthPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          lambda0$2 = lambda, sinPhi0$1 = sin(phi), cosPhi0$1 = cos(phi);
          lengthStream.point = lengthPoint;
        }

        function lengthPoint(lambda, phi) {
          lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
          var sinPhi = sin(phi),
              cosPhi = cos(phi),
              delta = abs$2(lambda - lambda0$2),
              cosDelta = cos(delta),
              sinDelta = sin(delta),
              x = cosPhi * sinDelta,
              y = cosPhi0$1 * sinPhi - sinPhi0$1 * cosPhi * cosDelta,
              z = sinPhi0$1 * sinPhi + cosPhi0$1 * cosPhi * cosDelta;
          lengthSum.add(atan2(sqrt(x * x + y * y), z));
          lambda0$2 = lambda, sinPhi0$1 = sinPhi, cosPhi0$1 = cosPhi;
        }

        function d3_geoLength(object) {
          lengthSum.reset();
          d3_geoStream(object, lengthStream);
          return +lengthSum;
        }

        function identity(x) {
          return x;
        }

        var areaSum$1 = adder(),
            areaRingSum$1 = adder(),
            x00,
            y00,
            x0$1,
            y0$1;

        var areaStream$1 = {
          point: noop$2,
          lineStart: noop$2,
          lineEnd: noop$2,
          polygonStart: function() {
            areaStream$1.lineStart = areaRingStart$1;
            areaStream$1.lineEnd = areaRingEnd$1;
          },
          polygonEnd: function() {
            areaStream$1.lineStart = areaStream$1.lineEnd = areaStream$1.point = noop$2;
            areaSum$1.add(abs$2(areaRingSum$1));
            areaRingSum$1.reset();
          },
          result: function() {
            var area = areaSum$1 / 2;
            areaSum$1.reset();
            return area;
          }
        };

        function areaRingStart$1() {
          areaStream$1.point = areaPointFirst$1;
        }

        function areaPointFirst$1(x, y) {
          areaStream$1.point = areaPoint$1;
          x00 = x0$1 = x, y00 = y0$1 = y;
        }

        function areaPoint$1(x, y) {
          areaRingSum$1.add(y0$1 * x - x0$1 * y);
          x0$1 = x, y0$1 = y;
        }

        function areaRingEnd$1() {
          areaPoint$1(x00, y00);
        }

        var x0$2 = Infinity,
            y0$2 = x0$2,
            x1 = -x0$2,
            y1 = x1;

        var boundsStream$1 = {
          point: boundsPoint$1,
          lineStart: noop$2,
          lineEnd: noop$2,
          polygonStart: noop$2,
          polygonEnd: noop$2,
          result: function() {
            var bounds = [[x0$2, y0$2], [x1, y1]];
            x1 = y1 = -(y0$2 = x0$2 = Infinity);
            return bounds;
          }
        };

        function boundsPoint$1(x, y) {
          if (x < x0$2) { x0$2 = x; }
          if (x > x1) { x1 = x; }
          if (y < y0$2) { y0$2 = y; }
          if (y > y1) { y1 = y; }
        }

        // TODO Enforce positive area for exterior, negative area for interior?

        var X0$1 = 0,
            Y0$1 = 0,
            Z0$1 = 0,
            X1$1 = 0,
            Y1$1 = 0,
            Z1$1 = 0,
            X2$1 = 0,
            Y2$1 = 0,
            Z2$1 = 0,
            x00$1,
            y00$1,
            x0$3,
            y0$3;

        var centroidStream$1 = {
          point: centroidPoint$1,
          lineStart: centroidLineStart$1,
          lineEnd: centroidLineEnd$1,
          polygonStart: function() {
            centroidStream$1.lineStart = centroidRingStart$1;
            centroidStream$1.lineEnd = centroidRingEnd$1;
          },
          polygonEnd: function() {
            centroidStream$1.point = centroidPoint$1;
            centroidStream$1.lineStart = centroidLineStart$1;
            centroidStream$1.lineEnd = centroidLineEnd$1;
          },
          result: function() {
            var centroid = Z2$1 ? [X2$1 / Z2$1, Y2$1 / Z2$1]
                : Z1$1 ? [X1$1 / Z1$1, Y1$1 / Z1$1]
                : Z0$1 ? [X0$1 / Z0$1, Y0$1 / Z0$1]
                : [NaN, NaN];
            X0$1 = Y0$1 = Z0$1 =
            X1$1 = Y1$1 = Z1$1 =
            X2$1 = Y2$1 = Z2$1 = 0;
            return centroid;
          }
        };

        function centroidPoint$1(x, y) {
          X0$1 += x;
          Y0$1 += y;
          ++Z0$1;
        }

        function centroidLineStart$1() {
          centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointFirstLine;
        }

        function centroidPointFirstLine(x, y) {
          centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointLine;
          centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
        }

        function centroidPointLine(x, y) {
          var dx = x - x0$3, dy = y - y0$3, z = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
          X1$1 += z * (x0$3 + x) / 2;
          Y1$1 += z * (y0$3 + y) / 2;
          Z1$1 += z;
          centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
        }

        function centroidLineEnd$1() {
          centroidStream$1.point = centroidPoint$1;
        }

        function centroidRingStart$1() {
          centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointFirstRing;
        }

        function centroidRingEnd$1() {
          centroidPointRing(x00$1, y00$1);
        }

        function centroidPointFirstRing(x, y) {
          centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointRing;
          centroidPoint$1(x00$1 = x0$3 = x, y00$1 = y0$3 = y);
        }

        function centroidPointRing(x, y) {
          var dx = x - x0$3,
              dy = y - y0$3,
              z = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);

          X1$1 += z * (x0$3 + x) / 2;
          Y1$1 += z * (y0$3 + y) / 2;
          Z1$1 += z;

          z = y0$3 * x - x0$3 * y;
          X2$1 += z * (x0$3 + x);
          Y2$1 += z * (y0$3 + y);
          Z2$1 += z * 3;
          centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
        }

        function PathContext(context) {
          this._context = context;
        }

        PathContext.prototype = {
          _radius: 4.5,
          pointRadius: function(_) {
            return this._radius = _, this;
          },
          polygonStart: function() {
            this._line = 0;
          },
          polygonEnd: function() {
            this._line = NaN;
          },
          lineStart: function() {
            this._point = 0;
          },
          lineEnd: function() {
            if (this._line === 0) { this._context.closePath(); }
            this._point = NaN;
          },
          point: function(x, y) {
            switch (this._point) {
              case 0: {
                this._context.moveTo(x, y);
                this._point = 1;
                break;
              }
              case 1: {
                this._context.lineTo(x, y);
                break;
              }
              default: {
                this._context.moveTo(x + this._radius, y);
                this._context.arc(x, y, this._radius, 0, tau);
                break;
              }
            }
          },
          result: noop$2
        };

        var lengthSum$1 = adder(),
            lengthRing,
            x00$2,
            y00$2,
            x0$4,
            y0$4;

        var lengthStream$1 = {
          point: noop$2,
          lineStart: function() {
            lengthStream$1.point = lengthPointFirst$1;
          },
          lineEnd: function() {
            if (lengthRing) { lengthPoint$1(x00$2, y00$2); }
            lengthStream$1.point = noop$2;
          },
          polygonStart: function() {
            lengthRing = true;
          },
          polygonEnd: function() {
            lengthRing = null;
          },
          result: function() {
            var length = +lengthSum$1;
            lengthSum$1.reset();
            return length;
          }
        };

        function lengthPointFirst$1(x, y) {
          lengthStream$1.point = lengthPoint$1;
          x00$2 = x0$4 = x, y00$2 = y0$4 = y;
        }

        function lengthPoint$1(x, y) {
          x0$4 -= x, y0$4 -= y;
          lengthSum$1.add(sqrt(x0$4 * x0$4 + y0$4 * y0$4));
          x0$4 = x, y0$4 = y;
        }

        function PathString() {
          this._string = [];
        }

        PathString.prototype = {
          _radius: 4.5,
          _circle: circle(4.5),
          pointRadius: function(_) {
            if ((_ = +_) !== this._radius) { this._radius = _, this._circle = null; }
            return this;
          },
          polygonStart: function() {
            this._line = 0;
          },
          polygonEnd: function() {
            this._line = NaN;
          },
          lineStart: function() {
            this._point = 0;
          },
          lineEnd: function() {
            if (this._line === 0) { this._string.push("Z"); }
            this._point = NaN;
          },
          point: function(x, y) {
            switch (this._point) {
              case 0: {
                this._string.push("M", x, ",", y);
                this._point = 1;
                break;
              }
              case 1: {
                this._string.push("L", x, ",", y);
                break;
              }
              default: {
                if (this._circle == null) { this._circle = circle(this._radius); }
                this._string.push("M", x, ",", y, this._circle);
                break;
              }
            }
          },
          result: function() {
            if (this._string.length) {
              var result = this._string.join("");
              this._string = [];
              return result;
            } else {
              return null;
            }
          }
        };

        function circle(radius) {
          return "m0," + radius
              + "a" + radius + "," + radius + " 0 1,1 0," + -2 * radius
              + "a" + radius + "," + radius + " 0 1,1 0," + 2 * radius
              + "z";
        }

        function d3_geoPath(projection, context) {
          var pointRadius = 4.5,
              projectionStream,
              contextStream;

          function path(object) {
            if (object) {
              if (typeof pointRadius === "function") { contextStream.pointRadius(+pointRadius.apply(this, arguments)); }
              d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(contextStream));
            }
            return contextStream.result();
          }

          path.area = function(object) {
            d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(areaStream$1));
            return areaStream$1.result();
          };

          path.measure = function(object) {
            d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(lengthStream$1));
            return lengthStream$1.result();
          };

          path.bounds = function(object) {
            d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(boundsStream$1));
            return boundsStream$1.result();
          };

          path.centroid = function(object) {
            d3_geoStream(object, projectionStream(centroidStream$1));
            return centroidStream$1.result();
          };

          path.projection = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (projectionStream = _ == null ? (projection = null, identity) : (projection = _).stream, path) : projection;
          };

          path.context = function(_) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return context; }
            contextStream = _ == null ? (context = null, new PathString) : new PathContext(context = _);
            if (typeof pointRadius !== "function") { contextStream.pointRadius(pointRadius); }
            return path;
          };

          path.pointRadius = function(_) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return pointRadius; }
            pointRadius = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : (contextStream.pointRadius(+_), +_);
            return path;
          };

          return path.projection(projection).context(context);
        }

        function d3_geoTransform(methods) {
          return {
            stream: transformer(methods)
          };
        }

        function transformer(methods) {
          return function(stream) {
            var s = new TransformStream;
            for (var key in methods) { s[key] = methods[key]; }
            s.stream = stream;
            return s;
          };
        }

        function TransformStream() {}

        TransformStream.prototype = {
          constructor: TransformStream,
          point: function(x, y) { this.stream.point(x, y); },
          sphere: function() { this.stream.sphere(); },
          lineStart: function() { this.stream.lineStart(); },
          lineEnd: function() { this.stream.lineEnd(); },
          polygonStart: function() { this.stream.polygonStart(); },
          polygonEnd: function() { this.stream.polygonEnd(); }
        };

        function fit(projection, fitBounds, object) {
          var clip = projection.clipExtent && projection.clipExtent();
          projection.scale(150).translate([0, 0]);
          if (clip != null) { projection.clipExtent(null); }
          d3_geoStream(object, projection.stream(boundsStream$1));
          fitBounds(boundsStream$1.result());
          if (clip != null) { projection.clipExtent(clip); }
          return projection;
        }

        function fitExtent(projection, extent, object) {
          return fit(projection, function(b) {
            var w = extent[1][0] - extent[0][0],
                h = extent[1][1] - extent[0][1],
                k = Math.min(w / (b[1][0] - b[0][0]), h / (b[1][1] - b[0][1])),
                x = +extent[0][0] + (w - k * (b[1][0] + b[0][0])) / 2,
                y = +extent[0][1] + (h - k * (b[1][1] + b[0][1])) / 2;
            projection.scale(150 * k).translate([x, y]);
          }, object);
        }

        function fitSize(projection, size, object) {
          return fitExtent(projection, [[0, 0], size], object);
        }

        function fitWidth(projection, width, object) {
          return fit(projection, function(b) {
            var w = +width,
                k = w / (b[1][0] - b[0][0]),
                x = (w - k * (b[1][0] + b[0][0])) / 2,
                y = -k * b[0][1];
            projection.scale(150 * k).translate([x, y]);
          }, object);
        }

        function fitHeight(projection, height, object) {
          return fit(projection, function(b) {
            var h = +height,
                k = h / (b[1][1] - b[0][1]),
                x = -k * b[0][0],
                y = (h - k * (b[1][1] + b[0][1])) / 2;
            projection.scale(150 * k).translate([x, y]);
          }, object);
        }

        var maxDepth = 16, // maximum depth of subdivision
            cosMinDistance = cos(30 * radians); // cos(minimum angular distance)

        function resample(project, delta2) {
          return +delta2 ? resample$1(project, delta2) : resampleNone(project);
        }

        function resampleNone(project) {
          return transformer({
            point: function(x, y) {
              x = project(x, y);
              this.stream.point(x[0], x[1]);
            }
          });
        }

        function resample$1(project, delta2) {

          function resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x1, y1, lambda1, a1, b1, c1, depth, stream) {
            var dx = x1 - x0,
                dy = y1 - y0,
                d2 = dx * dx + dy * dy;
            if (d2 > 4 * delta2 && depth--) {
              var a = a0 + a1,
                  b = b0 + b1,
                  c = c0 + c1,
                  m = sqrt(a * a + b * b + c * c),
                  phi2 = asin(c /= m),
                  lambda2 = abs$2(abs$2(c) - 1) < epsilon || abs$2(lambda0 - lambda1) < epsilon ? (lambda0 + lambda1) / 2 : atan2(b, a),
                  p = project(lambda2, phi2),
                  x2 = p[0],
                  y2 = p[1],
                  dx2 = x2 - x0,
                  dy2 = y2 - y0,
                  dz = dy * dx2 - dx * dy2;
              if (dz * dz / d2 > delta2 // perpendicular projected distance
                  || abs$2((dx * dx2 + dy * dy2) / d2 - 0.5) > 0.3 // midpoint close to an end
                  || a0 * a1 + b0 * b1 + c0 * c1 < cosMinDistance) { // angular distance
                resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x2, y2, lambda2, a /= m, b /= m, c, depth, stream);
                stream.point(x2, y2);
                resampleLineTo(x2, y2, lambda2, a, b, c, x1, y1, lambda1, a1, b1, c1, depth, stream);
              }
            }
          }
          return function(stream) {
            var lambda00, x00, y00, a00, b00, c00, // first point
                lambda0, x0, y0, a0, b0, c0; // previous point

            var resampleStream = {
              point: point,
              lineStart: lineStart,
              lineEnd: lineEnd,
              polygonStart: function() { stream.polygonStart(); resampleStream.lineStart = ringStart; },
              polygonEnd: function() { stream.polygonEnd(); resampleStream.lineStart = lineStart; }
            };

            function point(x, y) {
              x = project(x, y);
              stream.point(x[0], x[1]);
            }

            function lineStart() {
              x0 = NaN;
              resampleStream.point = linePoint;
              stream.lineStart();
            }

            function linePoint(lambda, phi) {
              var c = cartesian([lambda, phi]), p = project(lambda, phi);
              resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x0 = p[0], y0 = p[1], lambda0 = lambda, a0 = c[0], b0 = c[1], c0 = c[2], maxDepth, stream);
              stream.point(x0, y0);
            }

            function lineEnd() {
              resampleStream.point = point;
              stream.lineEnd();
            }

            function ringStart() {
              lineStart();
              resampleStream.point = ringPoint;
              resampleStream.lineEnd = ringEnd;
            }

            function ringPoint(lambda, phi) {
              linePoint(lambda00 = lambda, phi), x00 = x0, y00 = y0, a00 = a0, b00 = b0, c00 = c0;
              resampleStream.point = linePoint;
            }

            function ringEnd() {
              resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x00, y00, lambda00, a00, b00, c00, maxDepth, stream);
              resampleStream.lineEnd = lineEnd;
              lineEnd();
            }

            return resampleStream;
          };
        }

        var transformRadians = transformer({
          point: function(x, y) {
            this.stream.point(x * radians, y * radians);
          }
        });

        function transformRotate(rotate) {
          return transformer({
            point: function(x, y) {
              var r = rotate(x, y);
              return this.stream.point(r[0], r[1]);
            }
          });
        }

        function scaleTranslate(k, dx, dy, sx, sy) {
          function transform(x, y) {
            x *= sx; y *= sy;
            return [dx + k * x, dy - k * y];
          }
          transform.invert = function(x, y) {
            return [(x - dx) / k * sx, (dy - y) / k * sy];
          };
          return transform;
        }

        function scaleTranslateRotate(k, dx, dy, sx, sy, alpha) {
          var cosAlpha = cos(alpha),
              sinAlpha = sin(alpha),
              a = cosAlpha * k,
              b = sinAlpha * k,
              ai = cosAlpha / k,
              bi = sinAlpha / k,
              ci = (sinAlpha * dy - cosAlpha * dx) / k,
              fi = (sinAlpha * dx + cosAlpha * dy) / k;
          function transform(x, y) {
            x *= sx; y *= sy;
            return [a * x - b * y + dx, dy - b * x - a * y];
          }
          transform.invert = function(x, y) {
            return [sx * (ai * x - bi * y + ci), sy * (fi - bi * x - ai * y)];
          };
          return transform;
        }

        function projection(project) {
          return projectionMutator(function() { return project; })();
        }

        function projectionMutator(projectAt) {
          var project,
              k = 150, // scale
              x = 480, y = 250, // translate
              lambda = 0, phi = 0, // center
              deltaLambda = 0, deltaPhi = 0, deltaGamma = 0, rotate, // pre-rotate
              alpha = 0, // post-rotate angle
              sx = 1, // reflectX
              sy = 1, // reflectX
              theta = null, preclip = clipAntimeridian, // pre-clip angle
              x0 = null, y0, x1, y1, postclip = identity, // post-clip extent
              delta2 = 0.5, // precision
              projectResample,
              projectTransform,
              projectRotateTransform,
              cache,
              cacheStream;

          function projection(point) {
            return projectRotateTransform(point[0] * radians, point[1] * radians);
          }

          function invert(point) {
            point = projectRotateTransform.invert(point[0], point[1]);
            return point && [point[0] * degrees, point[1] * degrees];
          }

          projection.stream = function(stream) {
            return cache && cacheStream === stream ? cache : cache = transformRadians(transformRotate(rotate)(preclip(projectResample(postclip(cacheStream = stream)))));
          };

          projection.preclip = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (preclip = _, theta = undefined, reset()) : preclip;
          };

          projection.postclip = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (postclip = _, x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, reset()) : postclip;
          };

          projection.clipAngle = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (preclip = +_ ? clipCircle(theta = _ * radians) : (theta = null, clipAntimeridian), reset()) : theta * degrees;
          };

          projection.clipExtent = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity) : clipRectangle(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
          };

          projection.scale = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (k = +_, recenter()) : k;
          };

          projection.translate = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (x = +_[0], y = +_[1], recenter()) : [x, y];
          };

          projection.center = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (lambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, phi = _[1] % 360 * radians, recenter()) : [lambda * degrees, phi * degrees];
          };

          projection.rotate = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (deltaLambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, deltaPhi = _[1] % 360 * radians, deltaGamma = _.length > 2 ? _[2] % 360 * radians : 0, recenter()) : [deltaLambda * degrees, deltaPhi * degrees, deltaGamma * degrees];
          };

          projection.angle = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (alpha = _ % 360 * radians, recenter()) : alpha * degrees;
          };

          projection.reflectX = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (sx = _ ? -1 : 1, recenter()) : sx < 0;
          };

          projection.reflectY = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (sy = _ ? -1 : 1, recenter()) : sy < 0;
          };

          projection.precision = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (projectResample = resample(projectTransform, delta2 = _ * _), reset()) : sqrt(delta2);
          };

          projection.fitExtent = function(extent, object) {
            return fitExtent(projection, extent, object);
          };

          projection.fitSize = function(size, object) {
            return fitSize(projection, size, object);
          };

          projection.fitWidth = function(width, object) {
            return fitWidth(projection, width, object);
          };

          projection.fitHeight = function(height, object) {
            return fitHeight(projection, height, object);
          };

          function recenter() {
            var center = scaleTranslateRotate(k, 0, 0, sx, sy, alpha).apply(null, project(lambda, phi)),
                transform = (alpha ? scaleTranslateRotate : scaleTranslate)(k, x - center[0], y - center[1], sx, sy, alpha);
            rotate = rotateRadians(deltaLambda, deltaPhi, deltaGamma);
            projectTransform = compose(project, transform);
            projectRotateTransform = compose(rotate, projectTransform);
            projectResample = resample(projectTransform, delta2);
            return reset();
          }

          function reset() {
            cache = cacheStream = null;
            return projection;
          }

          return function() {
            project = projectAt.apply(this, arguments);
            projection.invert = project.invert && invert;
            return recenter();
          };
        }

        function mercatorRaw(lambda, phi) {
          return [lambda, log(tan((halfPi + phi) / 2))];
        }

        mercatorRaw.invert = function(x, y) {
          return [x, 2 * atan(exp(y)) - halfPi];
        };

        function mercator() {
          return mercatorProjection(mercatorRaw)
              .scale(961 / tau);
        }

        function mercatorProjection(project) {
          var m = projection(project),
              center = m.center,
              scale = m.scale,
              translate = m.translate,
              clipExtent = m.clipExtent,
              x0 = null, y0, x1, y1; // clip extent

          m.scale = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (scale(_), reclip()) : scale();
          };

          m.translate = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (translate(_), reclip()) : translate();
          };

          m.center = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (center(_), reclip()) : center();
          };

          m.clipExtent = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? ((_ == null ? x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null : (x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1])), reclip()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
          };

          function reclip() {
            var k = pi * scale(),
                t = m(rotation(m.rotate()).invert([0, 0]));
            return clipExtent(x0 == null
                ? [[t[0] - k, t[1] - k], [t[0] + k, t[1] + k]] : project === mercatorRaw
                ? [[Math.max(t[0] - k, x0), y0], [Math.min(t[0] + k, x1), y1]]
                : [[x0, Math.max(t[1] - k, y0)], [x1, Math.min(t[1] + k, y1)]]);
          }

          return reclip();
        }

        function d3_geoIdentity() {
          var k = 1, tx = 0, ty = 0, sx = 1, sy = 1, // scale, translate and reflect
              alpha = 0, ca, sa, // angle
              x0 = null, y0, x1, y1, // clip extent
              kx = 1, ky = 1,
              transform = transformer({
                point: function(x, y) {
                  var p = projection([x, y]);
                  this.stream.point(p[0], p[1]);
                }
              }),
              postclip = identity,
              cache,
              cacheStream;

          function reset() {
            kx = k * sx;
            ky = k * sy;
            cache = cacheStream = null;
            return projection;
          }

          function projection (p) {
            var x = p[0] * kx, y = p[1] * ky;
            if (alpha) {
              var t = y * ca - x * sa;
              x = x * ca + y * sa;
              y = t;
            }    
            return [x + tx, y + ty];
          }
          projection.invert = function(p) {
            var x = p[0] - tx, y = p[1] - ty;
            if (alpha) {
              var t = y * ca + x * sa;
              x = x * ca - y * sa;
              y = t;
            }
            return [x / kx, y / ky];
          };
          projection.stream = function(stream) {
            return cache && cacheStream === stream ? cache : cache = transform(postclip(cacheStream = stream));
          };
          projection.postclip = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (postclip = _, x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, reset()) : postclip;
          };
          projection.clipExtent = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity) : clipRectangle(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
          };
          projection.scale = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (k = +_, reset()) : k;
          };
          projection.translate = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (tx = +_[0], ty = +_[1], reset()) : [tx, ty];
          };
          projection.angle = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (alpha = _ % 360 * radians, sa = sin(alpha), ca = cos(alpha), reset()) : alpha * degrees;
          };
          projection.reflectX = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (sx = _ ? -1 : 1, reset()) : sx < 0;
          };
          projection.reflectY = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (sy = _ ? -1 : 1, reset()) : sy < 0;
          };
          projection.fitExtent = function(extent, object) {
            return fitExtent(projection, extent, object);
          };
          projection.fitSize = function(size, object) {
            return fitSize(projection, size, object);
          };
          projection.fitWidth = function(width, object) {
            return fitWidth(projection, width, object);
          };
          projection.fitHeight = function(height, object) {
            return fitHeight(projection, height, object);
          };

          return projection;
        }

        // constants
        var TAU = 2 * Math.PI;
        var EQUATORIAL_RADIUS = 6356752.314245179;
        var POLAR_RADIUS = 6378137.0;


        function geoLatToMeters(dLat) {
            return dLat * (TAU * POLAR_RADIUS / 360);
        }


        function geoLonToMeters(dLon, atLat) {
            return Math.abs(atLat) >= 90 ? 0 :
                dLon * (TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS / 360) * Math.abs(Math.cos(atLat * (Math.PI / 180)));
        }


        function geoMetersToLat(m) {
            return m / (TAU * POLAR_RADIUS / 360);
        }


        function geoMetersToLon(m, atLat) {
            return Math.abs(atLat) >= 90 ? 0 :
                m / (TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS / 360) / Math.abs(Math.cos(atLat * (Math.PI / 180)));
        }


        function geoMetersToOffset(meters, tileSize) {
            tileSize = tileSize || 256;
            return [
                meters[0] * tileSize / (TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS),
                -meters[1] * tileSize / (TAU * POLAR_RADIUS)
            ];
        }


        function geoOffsetToMeters(offset, tileSize) {
            tileSize = tileSize || 256;
            return [
                offset[0] * TAU * EQUATORIAL_RADIUS / tileSize,
                -offset[1] * TAU * POLAR_RADIUS / tileSize
            ];
        }


        // Equirectangular approximation of spherical distances on Earth
        function geoSphericalDistance(a, b) {
            var x = geoLonToMeters(a[0] - b[0], (a[1] + b[1]) / 2);
            var y = geoLatToMeters(a[1] - b[1]);
            return Math.sqrt((x * x) + (y * y));
        }


        // scale to zoom
        function geoScaleToZoom(k, tileSize) {
            tileSize = tileSize || 256;
            var log2ts = Math.log(tileSize) * Math.LOG2E;
            return Math.log(k * TAU) / Math.LN2 - log2ts;
        }


        // zoom to scale
        function geoZoomToScale(z, tileSize) {
            tileSize = tileSize || 256;
            return tileSize * Math.pow(2, z) / TAU;
        }


        // returns info about the node from `nodes` closest to the given `point`
        function geoSphericalClosestNode(nodes, point) {
            var minDistance = Infinity, distance;
            var indexOfMin;

            for (var i in nodes) {
                distance = geoSphericalDistance(nodes[i].loc, point);
                if (distance < minDistance) {
                    minDistance = distance;
                    indexOfMin = i;
                }
            }

            if (indexOfMin !== undefined) {
                return { index: indexOfMin, distance: minDistance, node: nodes[indexOfMin] };
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }

        function geoExtent(min, max) {
            if (!(this instanceof geoExtent)) {
                return new geoExtent(min, max);
            } else if (min instanceof geoExtent) {
                return min;
            } else if (min && min.length === 2 && min[0].length === 2 && min[1].length === 2) {
                this[0] = min[0];
                this[1] = min[1];
            } else {
                this[0] = min        || [ Infinity,  Infinity];
                this[1] = max || min || [-Infinity, -Infinity];
            }
        }

        geoExtent.prototype = new Array(2);

        Object.assign(geoExtent.prototype, {

            equals: function (obj) {
                return this[0][0] === obj[0][0] &&
                    this[0][1] === obj[0][1] &&
                    this[1][0] === obj[1][0] &&
                    this[1][1] === obj[1][1];
            },


            extend: function(obj) {
                if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) { obj = new geoExtent(obj); }
                return geoExtent(
                    [Math.min(obj[0][0], this[0][0]), Math.min(obj[0][1], this[0][1])],
                    [Math.max(obj[1][0], this[1][0]), Math.max(obj[1][1], this[1][1])]
                );
            },


            _extend: function(extent) {
                this[0][0] = Math.min(extent[0][0], this[0][0]);
                this[0][1] = Math.min(extent[0][1], this[0][1]);
                this[1][0] = Math.max(extent[1][0], this[1][0]);
                this[1][1] = Math.max(extent[1][1], this[1][1]);
            },


            area: function() {
                return Math.abs((this[1][0] - this[0][0]) * (this[1][1] - this[0][1]));
            },


            center: function() {
                return [(this[0][0] + this[1][0]) / 2, (this[0][1] + this[1][1]) / 2];
            },


            rectangle: function() {
                return [this[0][0], this[0][1], this[1][0], this[1][1]];
            },


            bbox: function() {
                return { minX: this[0][0], minY: this[0][1], maxX: this[1][0], maxY: this[1][1] };
            },


            polygon: function() {
                return [
                    [this[0][0], this[0][1]],
                    [this[0][0], this[1][1]],
                    [this[1][0], this[1][1]],
                    [this[1][0], this[0][1]],
                    [this[0][0], this[0][1]]
                ];
            },


            contains: function(obj) {
                if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) { obj = new geoExtent(obj); }
                return obj[0][0] >= this[0][0] &&
                       obj[0][1] >= this[0][1] &&
                       obj[1][0] <= this[1][0] &&
                       obj[1][1] <= this[1][1];
            },


            intersects: function(obj) {
                if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) { obj = new geoExtent(obj); }
                return obj[0][0] <= this[1][0] &&
                       obj[0][1] <= this[1][1] &&
                       obj[1][0] >= this[0][0] &&
                       obj[1][1] >= this[0][1];
            },


            intersection: function(obj) {
                if (!this.intersects(obj)) { return new geoExtent(); }
                return new geoExtent(
                    [Math.max(obj[0][0], this[0][0]), Math.max(obj[0][1], this[0][1])],
                    [Math.min(obj[1][0], this[1][0]), Math.min(obj[1][1], this[1][1])]
                );
            },


            percentContainedIn: function(obj) {
                if (!(obj instanceof geoExtent)) { obj = new geoExtent(obj); }
                var a1 = this.intersection(obj).area();
                var a2 = this.area();

                if (a1 === Infinity || a2 === Infinity) {
                    return 0;
                } else if (a1 === 0 || a2 === 0) {
                    if (obj.contains(this)) {
                        return 1;
                    }
                    return 0;
                } else {
                    return a1 / a2;
                }
            },


            padByMeters: function(meters) {
                var dLat = geoMetersToLat(meters);
                var dLon = geoMetersToLon(meters, this.center()[1]);
                return geoExtent(
                    [this[0][0] - dLon, this[0][1] - dLat],
                    [this[1][0] + dLon, this[1][1] + dLat]
                );
            },


            toParam: function() {
                return this.rectangle().join(',');
            }

        });

        function d3_polygonArea(polygon) {
          var i = -1,
              n = polygon.length,
              a,
              b = polygon[n - 1],
              area = 0;

          while (++i < n) {
            a = b;
            b = polygon[i];
            area += a[1] * b[0] - a[0] * b[1];
          }

          return area / 2;
        }

        function d3_polygonCentroid(polygon) {
          var i = -1,
              n = polygon.length,
              x = 0,
              y = 0,
              a,
              b = polygon[n - 1],
              c,
              k = 0;

          while (++i < n) {
            a = b;
            b = polygon[i];
            k += c = a[0] * b[1] - b[0] * a[1];
            x += (a[0] + b[0]) * c;
            y += (a[1] + b[1]) * c;
          }

          return k *= 3, [x / k, y / k];
        }

        // Returns the 2D cross product of AB and AC vectors, i.e., the z-component of
        // the 3D cross product in a quadrant I Cartesian coordinate system (+x is
        // right, +y is up). Returns a positive value if ABC is counter-clockwise,
        // negative if clockwise, and zero if the points are collinear.
        function cross(a, b, c) {
          return (b[0] - a[0]) * (c[1] - a[1]) - (b[1] - a[1]) * (c[0] - a[0]);
        }

        function lexicographicOrder(a, b) {
          return a[0] - b[0] || a[1] - b[1];
        }

        // Computes the upper convex hull per the monotone chain algorithm.
        // Assumes points.length >= 3, is sorted by x, unique in y.
        // Returns an array of indices into points in left-to-right order.
        function computeUpperHullIndexes(points) {
          var n = points.length,
              indexes = [0, 1],
              size = 2;

          for (var i = 2; i < n; ++i) {
            while (size > 1 && cross(points[indexes[size - 2]], points[indexes[size - 1]], points[i]) <= 0) { --size; }
            indexes[size++] = i;
          }

          return indexes.slice(0, size); // remove popped points
        }

        function d3_polygonHull(points) {
          if ((n = points.length) < 3) { return null; }

          var i,
              n,
              sortedPoints = new Array(n),
              flippedPoints = new Array(n);

          for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { sortedPoints[i] = [+points[i][0], +points[i][1], i]; }
          sortedPoints.sort(lexicographicOrder);
          for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { flippedPoints[i] = [sortedPoints[i][0], -sortedPoints[i][1]]; }

          var upperIndexes = computeUpperHullIndexes(sortedPoints),
              lowerIndexes = computeUpperHullIndexes(flippedPoints);

          // Construct the hull polygon, removing possible duplicate endpoints.
          var skipLeft = lowerIndexes[0] === upperIndexes[0],
              skipRight = lowerIndexes[lowerIndexes.length - 1] === upperIndexes[upperIndexes.length - 1],
              hull = [];

          // Add upper hull in right-to-l order.
          // Then add lower hull in left-to-right order.
          for (i = upperIndexes.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) { hull.push(points[sortedPoints[upperIndexes[i]][2]]); }
          for (i = +skipLeft; i < lowerIndexes.length - skipRight; ++i) { hull.push(points[sortedPoints[lowerIndexes[i]][2]]); }

          return hull;
        }

        // vector equals
        function geoVecEqual(a, b, epsilon) {
            if (epsilon) {
                return (Math.abs(a[0] - b[0]) <= epsilon) && (Math.abs(a[1] - b[1]) <= epsilon);
            } else {
                return (a[0] === b[0]) && (a[1] === b[1]);
            }
        }

        // vector addition
        function geoVecAdd(a, b) {
            return [ a[0] + b[0], a[1] + b[1] ];
        }

        // vector subtraction
        function geoVecSubtract(a, b) {
            return [ a[0] - b[0], a[1] - b[1] ];
        }

        // vector scaling
        function geoVecScale(a, mag) {
            return [ a[0] * mag, a[1] * mag ];
        }

        // vector rounding (was: geoRoundCoordinates)
        function geoVecFloor(a) {
            return [ Math.floor(a[0]), Math.floor(a[1]) ];
        }

        // linear interpolation
        function geoVecInterp(a, b, t) {
            return [
                a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * t,
                a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * t
            ];
        }

        // http://jsperf.com/id-dist-optimization
        function geoVecLength(a, b) {
            return Math.sqrt(geoVecLengthSquare(a,b));
        }

        // length of vector raised to the power two
        function geoVecLengthSquare(a, b) {
            b = b || [0, 0];
            var x = a[0] - b[0];
            var y = a[1] - b[1];
            return (x * x) + (y * y);
        }

        // get a unit vector
        function geoVecNormalize(a) {
            var length = Math.sqrt((a[0] * a[0]) + (a[1] * a[1]));
            if (length !== 0) {
                return geoVecScale(a, 1 / length);
            }
            return [0, 0];
        }

        // Return the counterclockwise angle in the range (-pi, pi)
        // between the positive X axis and the line intersecting a and b.
        function geoVecAngle(a, b) {
            return Math.atan2(b[1] - a[1], b[0] - a[0]);
        }

        // dot product
        function geoVecDot(a, b, origin) {
            origin = origin || [0, 0];
            var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
            var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);
            return (p[0]) * (q[0]) + (p[1]) * (q[1]);
        }

        // normalized dot product
        function geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin) {
            origin = origin || [0, 0];
            var p = geoVecNormalize(geoVecSubtract(a, origin));
            var q = geoVecNormalize(geoVecSubtract(b, origin));
            return geoVecDot(p, q);
        }

        // 2D cross product of OA and OB vectors, returns magnitude of Z vector
        // Returns a positive value, if OAB makes a counter-clockwise turn,
        // negative for clockwise turn, and zero if the points are collinear.
        function geoVecCross(a, b, origin) {
            origin = origin || [0, 0];
            var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
            var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);
            return (p[0]) * (q[1]) - (p[1]) * (q[0]);
        }


        // find closest orthogonal projection of point onto points array
        function geoVecProject(a, points) {
            var min = Infinity;
            var idx;
            var target;

            for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
                var o = points[i];
                var s = geoVecSubtract(points[i + 1], o);
                var v = geoVecSubtract(a, o);
                var proj = geoVecDot(v, s) / geoVecDot(s, s);
                var p;

                if (proj < 0) {
                    p = o;
                } else if (proj > 1) {
                    p = points[i + 1];
                } else {
                    p = [o[0] + proj * s[0], o[1] + proj * s[1]];
                }

                var dist = geoVecLength(p, a);
                if (dist < min) {
                    min = dist;
                    idx = i + 1;
                    target = p;
                }
            }

            if (idx !== undefined) {
                return { index: idx, distance: min, target: target };
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }

        // Return the counterclockwise angle in the range (-pi, pi)
        // between the positive X axis and the line intersecting a and b.
        function geoAngle(a, b, projection) {
            return geoVecAngle(projection(a.loc), projection(b.loc));
        }


        function geoEdgeEqual(a, b) {
            return (a[0] === b[0] && a[1] === b[1]) ||
                (a[0] === b[1] && a[1] === b[0]);
        }


        // Rotate all points counterclockwise around a pivot point by given angle
        function geoRotate(points, angle, around) {
            return points.map(function(point) {
                var radial = geoVecSubtract(point, around);
                return [
                    radial[0] * Math.cos(angle) - radial[1] * Math.sin(angle) + around[0],
                    radial[0] * Math.sin(angle) + radial[1] * Math.cos(angle) + around[1]
                ];
            });
        }


        // Choose the edge with the minimal distance from `point` to its orthogonal
        // projection onto that edge, if such a projection exists, or the distance to
        // the closest vertex on that edge. Returns an object with the `index` of the
        // chosen edge, the chosen `loc` on that edge, and the `distance` to to it.
        function geoChooseEdge(nodes, point, projection, activeID) {
            var dist = geoVecLength;
            var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
            var ids = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.id; });
            var min = Infinity;
            var idx;
            var loc;

            for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
                if (ids[i] === activeID || ids[i + 1] === activeID) { continue; }

                var o = points[i];
                var s = geoVecSubtract(points[i + 1], o);
                var v = geoVecSubtract(point, o);
                var proj = geoVecDot(v, s) / geoVecDot(s, s);
                var p;

                if (proj < 0) {
                    p = o;
                } else if (proj > 1) {
                    p = points[i + 1];
                } else {
                    p = [o[0] + proj * s[0], o[1] + proj * s[1]];
                }

                var d = dist(p, point);
                if (d < min) {
                    min = d;
                    idx = i + 1;
                    loc = projection.invert(p);
                }
            }

            if (idx !== undefined) {
                return { index: idx, distance: min, loc: loc };
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }


        // Test active (dragged or drawing) segments against inactive segments
        // This is used to test e.g. multipolygon rings that cross
        // `activeNodes` is the ring containing the activeID being dragged.
        // `inactiveNodes` is the other ring to test against
        function geoHasLineIntersections(activeNodes, inactiveNodes, activeID) {
            var actives = [];
            var inactives = [];
            var j, k, n1, n2, segment;

            // gather active segments (only segments in activeNodes that contain the activeID)
            for (j = 0; j < activeNodes.length - 1; j++) {
                n1 = activeNodes[j];
                n2 = activeNodes[j+1];
                segment = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
                if (n1.id === activeID || n2.id === activeID) {
                    actives.push(segment);
                }
            }

            // gather inactive segments
            for (j = 0; j < inactiveNodes.length - 1; j++) {
                n1 = inactiveNodes[j];
                n2 = inactiveNodes[j+1];
                segment = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
                inactives.push(segment);
            }

            // test
            for (j = 0; j < actives.length; j++) {
                for (k = 0; k < inactives.length; k++) {
                    var p = actives[j];
                    var q = inactives[k];
                    var hit = geoLineIntersection(p, q);
                    if (hit) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }

            return false;
        }


        // Test active (dragged or drawing) segments against inactive segments
        // This is used to test whether a way intersects with itself.
        function geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, activeID) {
            var actives = [];
            var inactives = [];
            var j, k;

            // group active and passive segments along the nodes
            for (j = 0; j < nodes.length - 1; j++) {
                var n1 = nodes[j];
                var n2 = nodes[j+1];
                var segment = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
                if (n1.id === activeID || n2.id === activeID) {
                    actives.push(segment);
                } else {
                    inactives.push(segment);
                }
            }

            // test
            for (j = 0; j < actives.length; j++) {
                for (k = 0; k < inactives.length; k++) {
                    var p = actives[j];
                    var q = inactives[k];
                    // skip if segments share an endpoint
                    if (geoVecEqual(p[1], q[0]) || geoVecEqual(p[0], q[1]) ||
                        geoVecEqual(p[0], q[0]) || geoVecEqual(p[1], q[1]) ) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    var hit = geoLineIntersection(p, q);
                    if (hit) {
                        var epsilon = 1e-8;
                        // skip if the hit is at the segment's endpoint
                        if (geoVecEqual(p[1], hit, epsilon) || geoVecEqual(p[0], hit, epsilon) ||
                            geoVecEqual(q[1], hit, epsilon) || geoVecEqual(q[0], hit, epsilon) ) {
                            continue;
                        } else {
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            return false;
        }


        // Return the intersection point of 2 line segments.
        // From https://github.com/pgkelley4/line-segments-intersect
        // This uses the vector cross product approach described below:
        //  http://stackoverflow.com/a/565282/786339
        function geoLineIntersection(a, b) {
            var p = [a[0][0], a[0][1]];
            var p2 = [a[1][0], a[1][1]];
            var q = [b[0][0], b[0][1]];
            var q2 = [b[1][0], b[1][1]];
            var r = geoVecSubtract(p2, p);
            var s = geoVecSubtract(q2, q);
            var uNumerator = geoVecCross(geoVecSubtract(q, p), r);
            var denominator = geoVecCross(r, s);

            if (uNumerator && denominator) {
                var u = uNumerator / denominator;
                var t = geoVecCross(geoVecSubtract(q, p), s) / denominator;

                if ((t >= 0) && (t <= 1) && (u >= 0) && (u <= 1)) {
                    return geoVecInterp(p, p2, t);
                }
            }

            return null;
        }


        function geoPathIntersections(path1, path2) {
            var intersections = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < path1.length - 1; i++) {
                for (var j = 0; j < path2.length - 1; j++) {
                    var a = [ path1[i], path1[i+1] ];
                    var b = [ path2[j], path2[j+1] ];
                    var hit = geoLineIntersection(a, b);
                    if (hit) {
                        intersections.push(hit);
                    }
                }
            }
            return intersections;
        }

        function geoPathHasIntersections(path1, path2) {
            for (var i = 0; i < path1.length - 1; i++) {
                for (var j = 0; j < path2.length - 1; j++) {
                    var a = [ path1[i], path1[i+1] ];
                    var b = [ path2[j], path2[j+1] ];
                    var hit = geoLineIntersection(a, b);
                    if (hit) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }
            return false;
        }


        // Return whether point is contained in polygon.
        //
        // `point` should be a 2-item array of coordinates.
        // `polygon` should be an array of 2-item arrays of coordinates.
        //
        // From https://github.com/substack/point-in-polygon.
        // ray-casting algorithm based on
        // http://www.ecse.rpi.edu/Homepages/wrf/Research/Short_Notes/pnpoly.html
        //
        function geoPointInPolygon(point, polygon) {
            var x = point[0];
            var y = point[1];
            var inside = false;

            for (var i = 0, j = polygon.length - 1; i < polygon.length; j = i++) {
                var xi = polygon[i][0];
                var yi = polygon[i][1];
                var xj = polygon[j][0];
                var yj = polygon[j][1];

                var intersect = ((yi > y) !== (yj > y)) &&
                    (x < (xj - xi) * (y - yi) / (yj - yi) + xi);
                if (intersect) { inside = !inside; }
            }

            return inside;
        }


        function geoPolygonContainsPolygon(outer, inner) {
            return inner.every(function(point) {
                return geoPointInPolygon(point, outer);
            });
        }


        function geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(outer, inner, checkSegments) {
            function testPoints(outer, inner) {
                return inner.some(function(point) {
                    return geoPointInPolygon(point, outer);
                });
            }

           return testPoints(outer, inner) || (!!checkSegments && geoPathHasIntersections(outer, inner));
        }


        // http://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/22895/finding-minimum-area-rectangle-for-given-points
        // http://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/3739/generalisation-strategies-for-building-outlines/3756#3756
        function geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points) {
            var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
            var centroid = d3_polygonCentroid(hull);
            var minArea = Infinity;
            var ssrExtent = [];
            var ssrAngle = 0;
            var c1 = hull[0];

            for (var i = 0; i <= hull.length - 1; i++) {
                var c2 = (i === hull.length - 1) ? hull[0] : hull[i + 1];
                var angle = Math.atan2(c2[1] - c1[1], c2[0] - c1[0]);
                var poly = geoRotate(hull, -angle, centroid);
                var extent = poly.reduce(function(extent, point) {
                    return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
                }, geoExtent());

                var area = extent.area();
                if (area < minArea) {
                    minArea = area;
                    ssrExtent = extent;
                    ssrAngle = angle;
                }
                c1 = c2;
            }

            return {
                poly: geoRotate(ssrExtent.polygon(), ssrAngle, centroid),
                angle: ssrAngle
            };
        }


        function geoPathLength(path) {
            var length = 0;
            for (var i = 0; i < path.length - 1; i++) {
                length += geoVecLength(path[i], path[i + 1]);
            }
            return length;
        }


        // If the given point is at the edge of the padded viewport,
        // return a vector that will nudge the viewport in that direction
        function geoViewportEdge(point, dimensions) {
            var pad = [80, 20, 50, 20];   // top, right, bottom, left
            var x = 0;
            var y = 0;

            if (point[0] > dimensions[0] - pad[1])
                { x = -10; }
            if (point[0] < pad[3])
                { x = 10; }
            if (point[1] > dimensions[1] - pad[2])
                { y = -10; }
            if (point[1] < pad[0])
                { y = 10; }

            if (x || y) {
                return [x, y];
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }

        var noop$3 = {value: function() {}};

        function dispatch() {
          var arguments$1 = arguments;

          for (var i = 0, n = arguments.length, _ = {}, t; i < n; ++i) {
            if (!(t = arguments$1[i] + "") || (t in _) || /[\s.]/.test(t)) { throw new Error("illegal type: " + t); }
            _[t] = [];
          }
          return new Dispatch(_);
        }

        function Dispatch(_) {
          this._ = _;
        }

        function parseTypenames(typenames, types) {
          return typenames.trim().split(/^|\s+/).map(function(t) {
            var name = "", i = t.indexOf(".");
            if (i >= 0) { name = t.slice(i + 1), t = t.slice(0, i); }
            if (t && !types.hasOwnProperty(t)) { throw new Error("unknown type: " + t); }
            return {type: t, name: name};
          });
        }

        Dispatch.prototype = dispatch.prototype = {
          constructor: Dispatch,
          on: function(typename, callback) {
            var _ = this._,
                T = parseTypenames(typename + "", _),
                t,
                i = -1,
                n = T.length;

            // If no callback was specified, return the callback of the given type and name.
            if (arguments.length < 2) {
              while (++i < n) { if ((t = (typename = T[i]).type) && (t = get$1(_[t], typename.name))) { return t; } }
              return;
            }

            // If a type was specified, set the callback for the given type and name.
            // Otherwise, if a null callback was specified, remove callbacks of the given name.
            if (callback != null && typeof callback !== "function") { throw new Error("invalid callback: " + callback); }
            while (++i < n) {
              if (t = (typename = T[i]).type) { _[t] = set(_[t], typename.name, callback); }
              else if (callback == null) { for (t in _) { _[t] = set(_[t], typename.name, null); } }
            }

            return this;
          },
          copy: function() {
            var copy = {}, _ = this._;
            for (var t in _) { copy[t] = _[t].slice(); }
            return new Dispatch(copy);
          },
          call: function(type, that) {
            var arguments$1 = arguments;

            if ((n = arguments.length - 2) > 0) { for (var args = new Array(n), i = 0, n, t; i < n; ++i) { args[i] = arguments$1[i + 2]; } }
            if (!this._.hasOwnProperty(type)) { throw new Error("unknown type: " + type); }
            for (t = this._[type], i = 0, n = t.length; i < n; ++i) { t[i].value.apply(that, args); }
          },
          apply: function(type, that, args) {
            if (!this._.hasOwnProperty(type)) { throw new Error("unknown type: " + type); }
            for (var t = this._[type], i = 0, n = t.length; i < n; ++i) { t[i].value.apply(that, args); }
          }
        };

        function get$1(type, name) {
          for (var i = 0, n = type.length, c; i < n; ++i) {
            if ((c = type[i]).name === name) {
              return c.value;
            }
          }
        }

        function set(type, name, callback) {
          for (var i = 0, n = type.length; i < n; ++i) {
            if (type[i].name === name) {
              type[i] = noop$3, type = type.slice(0, i).concat(type.slice(i + 1));
              break;
            }
          }
          if (callback != null) { type.push({name: name, value: callback}); }
          return type;
        }

        var xhtml = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml";

        var namespaces = {
          svg: "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",
          xhtml: xhtml,
          xlink: "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink",
          xml: "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace",
          xmlns: "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/"
        };

        function namespace(name) {
          var prefix = name += "", i = prefix.indexOf(":");
          if (i >= 0 && (prefix = name.slice(0, i)) !== "xmlns") { name = name.slice(i + 1); }
          return namespaces.hasOwnProperty(prefix) ? {space: namespaces[prefix], local: name} : name;
        }

        function creatorInherit(name) {
          return function() {
            var document = this.ownerDocument,
                uri = this.namespaceURI;
            return uri === xhtml && document.documentElement.namespaceURI === xhtml
                ? document.createElement(name)
                : document.createElementNS(uri, name);
          };
        }

        function creatorFixed(fullname) {
          return function() {
            return this.ownerDocument.createElementNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
          };
        }

        function creator(name) {
          var fullname = namespace(name);
          return (fullname.local
              ? creatorFixed
              : creatorInherit)(fullname);
        }

        function none() {}

        function selector(selector) {
          return selector == null ? none : function() {
            return this.querySelector(selector);
          };
        }

        function selection_select(select) {
          if (typeof select !== "function") { select = selector(select); }

          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = new Array(n), node, subnode, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if ((node = group[i]) && (subnode = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group))) {
                if ("__data__" in node) { subnode.__data__ = node.__data__; }
                subgroup[i] = subnode;
              }
            }
          }

          return new Selection(subgroups, this._parents);
        }

        function empty() {
          return [];
        }

        function selectorAll(selector) {
          return selector == null ? empty : function() {
            return this.querySelectorAll(selector);
          };
        }

        function selection_selectAll(select) {
          if (typeof select !== "function") { select = selectorAll(select); }

          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = [], parents = [], j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group[i]) {
                subgroups.push(select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group));
                parents.push(node);
              }
            }
          }

          return new Selection(subgroups, parents);
        }

        function matcher(selector) {
          return function() {
            return this.matches(selector);
          };
        }

        function selection_filter(match) {
          if (typeof match !== "function") { match = matcher(match); }

          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = [], node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if ((node = group[i]) && match.call(node, node.__data__, i, group)) {
                subgroup.push(node);
              }
            }
          }

          return new Selection(subgroups, this._parents);
        }

        function sparse(update) {
          return new Array(update.length);
        }

        function selection_enter() {
          return new Selection(this._enter || this._groups.map(sparse), this._parents);
        }

        function EnterNode(parent, datum) {
          this.ownerDocument = parent.ownerDocument;
          this.namespaceURI = parent.namespaceURI;
          this._next = null;
          this._parent = parent;
          this.__data__ = datum;
        }

        EnterNode.prototype = {
          constructor: EnterNode,
          appendChild: function(child) { return this._parent.insertBefore(child, this._next); },
          insertBefore: function(child, next) { return this._parent.insertBefore(child, next); },
          querySelector: function(selector) { return this._parent.querySelector(selector); },
          querySelectorAll: function(selector) { return this._parent.querySelectorAll(selector); }
        };

        function constant(x) {
          return function() {
            return x;
          };
        }

        var keyPrefix = "$"; // Protect against keys like “__proto__”.

        function bindIndex(parent, group, enter, update, exit, data) {
          var i = 0,
              node,
              groupLength = group.length,
              dataLength = data.length;

          // Put any non-null nodes that fit into update.
          // Put any null nodes into enter.
          // Put any remaining data into enter.
          for (; i < dataLength; ++i) {
            if (node = group[i]) {
              node.__data__ = data[i];
              update[i] = node;
            } else {
              enter[i] = new EnterNode(parent, data[i]);
            }
          }

          // Put any non-null nodes that don’t fit into exit.
          for (; i < groupLength; ++i) {
            if (node = group[i]) {
              exit[i] = node;
            }
          }
        }

        function bindKey(parent, group, enter, update, exit, data, key) {
          var i,
              node,
              nodeByKeyValue = {},
              groupLength = group.length,
              dataLength = data.length,
              keyValues = new Array(groupLength),
              keyValue;

          // Compute the key for each node.
          // If multiple nodes have the same key, the duplicates are added to exit.
          for (i = 0; i < groupLength; ++i) {
            if (node = group[i]) {
              keyValues[i] = keyValue = keyPrefix + key.call(node, node.__data__, i, group);
              if (keyValue in nodeByKeyValue) {
                exit[i] = node;
              } else {
                nodeByKeyValue[keyValue] = node;
              }
            }
          }

          // Compute the key for each datum.
          // If there a node associated with this key, join and add it to update.
          // If there is not (or the key is a duplicate), add it to enter.
          for (i = 0; i < dataLength; ++i) {
            keyValue = keyPrefix + key.call(parent, data[i], i, data);
            if (node = nodeByKeyValue[keyValue]) {
              update[i] = node;
              node.__data__ = data[i];
              nodeByKeyValue[keyValue] = null;
            } else {
              enter[i] = new EnterNode(parent, data[i]);
            }
          }

          // Add any remaining nodes that were not bound to data to exit.
          for (i = 0; i < groupLength; ++i) {
            if ((node = group[i]) && (nodeByKeyValue[keyValues[i]] === node)) {
              exit[i] = node;
            }
          }
        }

        function selection_data(value, key) {
          if (!value) {
            data = new Array(this.size()), j = -1;
            this.each(function(d) { data[++j] = d; });
            return data;
          }

          var bind = key ? bindKey : bindIndex,
              parents = this._parents,
              groups = this._groups;

          if (typeof value !== "function") { value = constant(value); }

          for (var m = groups.length, update = new Array(m), enter = new Array(m), exit = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            var parent = parents[j],
                group = groups[j],
                groupLength = group.length,
                data = value.call(parent, parent && parent.__data__, j, parents),
                dataLength = data.length,
                enterGroup = enter[j] = new Array(dataLength),
                updateGroup = update[j] = new Array(dataLength),
                exitGroup = exit[j] = new Array(groupLength);

            bind(parent, group, enterGroup, updateGroup, exitGroup, data, key);

            // Now connect the enter nodes to their following update node, such that
            // appendChild can insert the materialized enter node before this node,
            // rather than at the end of the parent node.
            for (var i0 = 0, i1 = 0, previous, next; i0 < dataLength; ++i0) {
              if (previous = enterGroup[i0]) {
                if (i0 >= i1) { i1 = i0 + 1; }
                while (!(next = updateGroup[i1]) && ++i1 < dataLength){ }
                previous._next = next || null;
              }
            }
          }

          update = new Selection(update, parents);
          update._enter = enter;
          update._exit = exit;
          return update;
        }

        function selection_exit() {
          return new Selection(this._exit || this._groups.map(sparse), this._parents);
        }

        function selection_join(onenter, onupdate, onexit) {
          var enter = this.enter(), update = this, exit = this.exit();
          enter = typeof onenter === "function" ? onenter(enter) : enter.append(onenter + "");
          if (onupdate != null) { update = onupdate(update); }
          if (onexit == null) { exit.remove(); } else { onexit(exit); }
          return enter && update ? enter.merge(update).order() : update;
        }

        function selection_merge(selection) {

          for (var groups0 = this._groups, groups1 = selection._groups, m0 = groups0.length, m1 = groups1.length, m = Math.min(m0, m1), merges = new Array(m0), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group0 = groups0[j], group1 = groups1[j], n = group0.length, merge = merges[j] = new Array(n), node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group0[i] || group1[i]) {
                merge[i] = node;
              }
            }
          }

          for (; j < m0; ++j) {
            merges[j] = groups0[j];
          }

          return new Selection(merges, this._parents);
        }

        function selection_order() {

          for (var groups = this._groups, j = -1, m = groups.length; ++j < m;) {
            for (var group = groups[j], i = group.length - 1, next = group[i], node; --i >= 0;) {
              if (node = group[i]) {
                if (next && node.compareDocumentPosition(next) ^ 4) { next.parentNode.insertBefore(node, next); }
                next = node;
              }
            }
          }

          return this;
        }

        function selection_sort(compare) {
          if (!compare) { compare = ascending; }

          function compareNode(a, b) {
            return a && b ? compare(a.__data__, b.__data__) : !a - !b;
          }

          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, sortgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, sortgroup = sortgroups[j] = new Array(n), node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group[i]) {
                sortgroup[i] = node;
              }
            }
            sortgroup.sort(compareNode);
          }

          return new Selection(sortgroups, this._parents).order();
        }

        function ascending(a, b) {
          return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : a >= b ? 0 : NaN;
        }

        function selection_call() {
          var callback = arguments[0];
          arguments[0] = this;
          callback.apply(null, arguments);
          return this;
        }

        function selection_nodes() {
          var nodes = new Array(this.size()), i = -1;
          this.each(function() { nodes[++i] = this; });
          return nodes;
        }

        function selection_node() {

          for (var groups = this._groups, j = 0, m = groups.length; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], i = 0, n = group.length; i < n; ++i) {
              var node = group[i];
              if (node) { return node; }
            }
          }

          return null;
        }

        function selection_size() {
          var size = 0;
          this.each(function() { ++size; });
          return size;
        }

        function selection_empty() {
          return !this.node();
        }

        function selection_each(callback) {

          for (var groups = this._groups, j = 0, m = groups.length; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], i = 0, n = group.length, node; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group[i]) { callback.call(node, node.__data__, i, group); }
            }
          }

          return this;
        }

        function attrRemove(name) {
          return function() {
            this.removeAttribute(name);
          };
        }

        function attrRemoveNS(fullname) {
          return function() {
            this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
          };
        }

        function attrConstant(name, value) {
          return function() {
            this.setAttribute(name, value);
          };
        }

        function attrConstantNS(fullname, value) {
          return function() {
            this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, value);
          };
        }

        function attrFunction(name, value) {
          return function() {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (v == null) { this.removeAttribute(name); }
            else { this.setAttribute(name, v); }
          };
        }

        function attrFunctionNS(fullname, value) {
          return function() {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (v == null) { this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local); }
            else { this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, v); }
          };
        }

        function selection_attr(name, value) {
          var fullname = namespace(name);

          if (arguments.length < 2) {
            var node = this.node();
            return fullname.local
                ? node.getAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local)
                : node.getAttribute(fullname);
          }

          return this.each((value == null
              ? (fullname.local ? attrRemoveNS : attrRemove) : (typeof value === "function"
              ? (fullname.local ? attrFunctionNS : attrFunction)
              : (fullname.local ? attrConstantNS : attrConstant)))(fullname, value));
        }

        function defaultView(node) {
          return (node.ownerDocument && node.ownerDocument.defaultView) // node is a Node
              || (node.document && node) // node is a Window
              || node.defaultView; // node is a Document
        }

        function styleRemove(name) {
          return function() {
            this.style.removeProperty(name);
          };
        }

        function styleConstant(name, value, priority) {
          return function() {
            this.style.setProperty(name, value, priority);
          };
        }

        function styleFunction(name, value, priority) {
          return function() {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (v == null) { this.style.removeProperty(name); }
            else { this.style.setProperty(name, v, priority); }
          };
        }

        function selection_style(name, value, priority) {
          return arguments.length > 1
              ? this.each((value == null
                    ? styleRemove : typeof value === "function"
                    ? styleFunction
                    : styleConstant)(name, value, priority == null ? "" : priority))
              : styleValue(this.node(), name);
        }

        function styleValue(node, name) {
          return node.style.getPropertyValue(name)
              || defaultView(node).getComputedStyle(node, null).getPropertyValue(name);
        }

        function propertyRemove(name) {
          return function() {
            delete this[name];
          };
        }

        function propertyConstant(name, value) {
          return function() {
            this[name] = value;
          };
        }

        function propertyFunction(name, value) {
          return function() {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (v == null) { delete this[name]; }
            else { this[name] = v; }
          };
        }

        function selection_property(name, value) {
          return arguments.length > 1
              ? this.each((value == null
                  ? propertyRemove : typeof value === "function"
                  ? propertyFunction
                  : propertyConstant)(name, value))
              : this.node()[name];
        }

        function classArray(string) {
          return string.trim().split(/^|\s+/);
        }

        function classList(node) {
          return node.classList || new ClassList(node);
        }

        function ClassList(node) {
          this._node = node;
          this._names = classArray(node.getAttribute("class") || "");
        }

        ClassList.prototype = {
          add: function(name) {
            var i = this._names.indexOf(name);
            if (i < 0) {
              this._names.push(name);
              this._node.setAttribute("class", this._names.join(" "));
            }
          },
          remove: function(name) {
            var i = this._names.indexOf(name);
            if (i >= 0) {
              this._names.splice(i, 1);
              this._node.setAttribute("class", this._names.join(" "));
            }
          },
          contains: function(name) {
            return this._names.indexOf(name) >= 0;
          }
        };

        function classedAdd(node, names) {
          var list = classList(node), i = -1, n = names.length;
          while (++i < n) { list.add(names[i]); }
        }

        function classedRemove(node, names) {
          var list = classList(node), i = -1, n = names.length;
          while (++i < n) { list.remove(names[i]); }
        }

        function classedTrue(names) {
          return function() {
            classedAdd(this, names);
          };
        }

        function classedFalse(names) {
          return function() {
            classedRemove(this, names);
          };
        }

        function classedFunction(names, value) {
          return function() {
            (value.apply(this, arguments) ? classedAdd : classedRemove)(this, names);
          };
        }

        function selection_classed(name, value) {
          var names = classArray(name + "");

          if (arguments.length < 2) {
            var list = classList(this.node()), i = -1, n = names.length;
            while (++i < n) { if (!list.contains(names[i])) { return false; } }
            return true;
          }

          return this.each((typeof value === "function"
              ? classedFunction : value
              ? classedTrue
              : classedFalse)(names, value));
        }

        function textRemove() {
          this.textContent = "";
        }

        function textConstant(value) {
          return function() {
            this.textContent = value;
          };
        }

        function textFunction(value) {
          return function() {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            this.textContent = v == null ? "" : v;
          };
        }

        function selection_text(value) {
          return arguments.length
              ? this.each(value == null
                  ? textRemove : (typeof value === "function"
                  ? textFunction
                  : textConstant)(value))
              : this.node().textContent;
        }

        function htmlRemove() {
          this.innerHTML = "";
        }

        function htmlConstant(value) {
          return function() {
            this.innerHTML = value;
          };
        }

        function htmlFunction(value) {
          return function() {
            var v = value.apply(this, arguments);
            this.innerHTML = v == null ? "" : v;
          };
        }

        function selection_html(value) {
          return arguments.length
              ? this.each(value == null
                  ? htmlRemove : (typeof value === "function"
                  ? htmlFunction
                  : htmlConstant)(value))
              : this.node().innerHTML;
        }

        function raise() {
          if (this.nextSibling) { this.parentNode.appendChild(this); }
        }

        function selection_raise() {
          return this.each(raise);
        }

        function lower() {
          if (this.previousSibling) { this.parentNode.insertBefore(this, this.parentNode.firstChild); }
        }

        function selection_lower() {
          return this.each(lower);
        }

        function selection_append(name) {
          var create = typeof name === "function" ? name : creator(name);
          return this.select(function() {
            return this.appendChild(create.apply(this, arguments));
          });
        }

        function constantNull() {
          return null;
        }

        function selection_insert(name, before) {
          var create = typeof name === "function" ? name : creator(name),
              select = before == null ? constantNull : typeof before === "function" ? before : selector(before);
          return this.select(function() {
            return this.insertBefore(create.apply(this, arguments), select.apply(this, arguments) || null);
          });
        }

        function remove() {
          var parent = this.parentNode;
          if (parent) { parent.removeChild(this); }
        }

        function selection_remove() {
          return this.each(remove);
        }

        function selection_cloneShallow() {
          var clone = this.cloneNode(false), parent = this.parentNode;
          return parent ? parent.insertBefore(clone, this.nextSibling) : clone;
        }

        function selection_cloneDeep() {
          var clone = this.cloneNode(true), parent = this.parentNode;
          return parent ? parent.insertBefore(clone, this.nextSibling) : clone;
        }

        function selection_clone(deep) {
          return this.select(deep ? selection_cloneDeep : selection_cloneShallow);
        }

        function selection_datum(value) {
          return arguments.length
              ? this.property("__data__", value)
              : this.node().__data__;
        }

        var filterEvents = {};

        var event = null;

        if (typeof document !== "undefined") {
          var element = document.documentElement;
          if (!("onmouseenter" in element)) {
            filterEvents = {mouseenter: "mouseover", mouseleave: "mouseout"};
          }
        }

        function filterContextListener(listener, index, group) {
          listener = contextListener(listener, index, group);
          return function(event) {
            var related = event.relatedTarget;
            if (!related || (related !== this && !(related.compareDocumentPosition(this) & 8))) {
              listener.call(this, event);
            }
          };
        }

        function contextListener(listener, index, group) {
          return function(event1) {
            var event0 = event; // Events can be reentrant (e.g., focus).
            event = event1;
            try {
              listener.call(this, this.__data__, index, group);
            } finally {
              event = event0;
            }
          };
        }

        function parseTypenames$1(typenames) {
          return typenames.trim().split(/^|\s+/).map(function(t) {
            var name = "", i = t.indexOf(".");
            if (i >= 0) { name = t.slice(i + 1), t = t.slice(0, i); }
            return {type: t, name: name};
          });
        }

        function onRemove(typename) {
          return function() {
            var on = this.__on;
            if (!on) { return; }
            for (var j = 0, i = -1, m = on.length, o; j < m; ++j) {
              if (o = on[j], (!typename.type || o.type === typename.type) && o.name === typename.name) {
                this.removeEventListener(o.type, o.listener, o.capture);
              } else {
                on[++i] = o;
              }
            }
            if (++i) { on.length = i; }
            else { delete this.__on; }
          };
        }

        function onAdd(typename, value, capture) {
          var wrap = filterEvents.hasOwnProperty(typename.type) ? filterContextListener : contextListener;
          return function(d, i, group) {
            var on = this.__on, o, listener = wrap(value, i, group);
            if (on) { for (var j = 0, m = on.length; j < m; ++j) {
              if ((o = on[j]).type === typename.type && o.name === typename.name) {
                this.removeEventListener(o.type, o.listener, o.capture);
                this.addEventListener(o.type, o.listener = listener, o.capture = capture);
                o.value = value;
                return;
              }
            } }
            this.addEventListener(typename.type, listener, capture);
            o = {type: typename.type, name: typename.name, value: value, listener: listener, capture: capture};
            if (!on) { this.__on = [o]; }
            else { on.push(o); }
          };
        }

        function selection_on(typename, value, capture) {
          var typenames = parseTypenames$1(typename + ""), i, n = typenames.length, t;

          if (arguments.length < 2) {
            var on = this.node().__on;
            if (on) { for (var j = 0, m = on.length, o; j < m; ++j) {
              for (i = 0, o = on[j]; i < n; ++i) {
                if ((t = typenames[i]).type === o.type && t.name === o.name) {
                  return o.value;
                }
              }
            } }
            return;
          }

          on = value ? onAdd : onRemove;
          if (capture == null) { capture = false; }
          for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { this.each(on(typenames[i], value, capture)); }
          return this;
        }

        function customEvent(event1, listener, that, args) {
          var event0 = event;
          event1.sourceEvent = event;
          event = event1;
          try {
            return listener.apply(that, args);
          } finally {
            event = event0;
          }
        }

        function dispatchEvent(node, type, params) {
          var window = defaultView(node),
              event = window.CustomEvent;

          if (typeof event === "function") {
            event = new event(type, params);
          } else {
            event = window.document.createEvent("Event");
            if (params) { event.initEvent(type, params.bubbles, params.cancelable), event.detail = params.detail; }
            else { event.initEvent(type, false, false); }
          }

          node.dispatchEvent(event);
        }

        function dispatchConstant(type, params) {
          return function() {
            return dispatchEvent(this, type, params);
          };
        }

        function dispatchFunction(type, params) {
          return function() {
            return dispatchEvent(this, type, params.apply(this, arguments));
          };
        }

        function selection_dispatch(type, params) {
          return this.each((typeof params === "function"
              ? dispatchFunction
              : dispatchConstant)(type, params));
        }

        var root$1 = [null];

        function Selection(groups, parents) {
          this._groups = groups;
          this._parents = parents;
        }

        function selection() {
          return new Selection([[document.documentElement]], root$1);
        }

        Selection.prototype = selection.prototype = {
          constructor: Selection,
          select: selection_select,
          selectAll: selection_selectAll,
          filter: selection_filter,
          data: selection_data,
          enter: selection_enter,
          exit: selection_exit,
          join: selection_join,
          merge: selection_merge,
          order: selection_order,
          sort: selection_sort,
          call: selection_call,
          nodes: selection_nodes,
          node: selection_node,
          size: selection_size,
          empty: selection_empty,
          each: selection_each,
          attr: selection_attr,
          style: selection_style,
          property: selection_property,
          classed: selection_classed,
          text: selection_text,
          html: selection_html,
          raise: selection_raise,
          lower: selection_lower,
          append: selection_append,
          insert: selection_insert,
          remove: selection_remove,
          clone: selection_clone,
          datum: selection_datum,
          on: selection_on,
          dispatch: selection_dispatch
        };

        function select(selector) {
          return typeof selector === "string"
              ? new Selection([[document.querySelector(selector)]], [document.documentElement])
              : new Selection([[selector]], root$1);
        }

        function sourceEvent() {
          var current = event, source;
          while (source = current.sourceEvent) { current = source; }
          return current;
        }

        function point(node, event) {
          var svg = node.ownerSVGElement || node;

          if (svg.createSVGPoint) {
            var point = svg.createSVGPoint();
            point.x = event.clientX, point.y = event.clientY;
            point = point.matrixTransform(node.getScreenCTM().inverse());
            return [point.x, point.y];
          }

          var rect = node.getBoundingClientRect();
          return [event.clientX - rect.left - node.clientLeft, event.clientY - rect.top - node.clientTop];
        }

        function mouse(node) {
          var event = sourceEvent();
          if (event.changedTouches) { event = event.changedTouches[0]; }
          return point(node, event);
        }

        function selectAll(selector) {
          return typeof selector === "string"
              ? new Selection([document.querySelectorAll(selector)], [document.documentElement])
              : new Selection([selector == null ? [] : selector], root$1);
        }

        function touch(node, touches, identifier) {
          if (arguments.length < 3) { identifier = touches, touches = sourceEvent().changedTouches; }

          for (var i = 0, n = touches ? touches.length : 0, touch; i < n; ++i) {
            if ((touch = touches[i]).identifier === identifier) {
              return point(node, touch);
            }
          }

          return null;
        }

        function nopropagation() {
          event.stopImmediatePropagation();
        }

        function noevent() {
          event.preventDefault();
          event.stopImmediatePropagation();
        }

        function dragDisable(view) {
          var root = view.document.documentElement,
              selection = select(view).on("dragstart.drag", noevent, true);
          if ("onselectstart" in root) {
            selection.on("selectstart.drag", noevent, true);
          } else {
            root.__noselect = root.style.MozUserSelect;
            root.style.MozUserSelect = "none";
          }
        }

        function yesdrag(view, noclick) {
          var root = view.document.documentElement,
              selection = select(view).on("dragstart.drag", null);
          if (noclick) {
            selection.on("click.drag", noevent, true);
            setTimeout(function() { selection.on("click.drag", null); }, 0);
          }
          if ("onselectstart" in root) {
            selection.on("selectstart.drag", null);
          } else {
            root.style.MozUserSelect = root.__noselect;
            delete root.__noselect;
          }
        }

        function constant$1(x) {
          return function() {
            return x;
          };
        }

        function DragEvent(target, type, subject, id, active, x, y, dx, dy, dispatch) {
          this.target = target;
          this.type = type;
          this.subject = subject;
          this.identifier = id;
          this.active = active;
          this.x = x;
          this.y = y;
          this.dx = dx;
          this.dy = dy;
          this._ = dispatch;
        }

        DragEvent.prototype.on = function() {
          var value = this._.on.apply(this._, arguments);
          return value === this._ ? this : value;
        };

        // Ignore right-click, since that should open the context menu.
        function defaultFilter() {
          return !event.ctrlKey && !event.button;
        }

        function defaultContainer() {
          return this.parentNode;
        }

        function defaultSubject(d) {
          return d == null ? {x: event.x, y: event.y} : d;
        }

        function defaultTouchable() {
          return navigator.maxTouchPoints || ("ontouchstart" in this);
        }

        function d3_drag() {
          var filter = defaultFilter,
              container = defaultContainer,
              subject = defaultSubject,
              touchable = defaultTouchable,
              gestures = {},
              listeners = dispatch("start", "drag", "end"),
              active = 0,
              mousedownx,
              mousedowny,
              mousemoving,
              touchending,
              clickDistance2 = 0;

          function drag(selection) {
            selection
                .on("mousedown.drag", mousedowned)
              .filter(touchable)
                .on("touchstart.drag", touchstarted)
                .on("touchmove.drag", touchmoved)
                .on("touchend.drag touchcancel.drag", touchended)
                .style("touch-action", "none")
                .style("-webkit-tap-highlight-color", "rgba(0,0,0,0)");
          }

          function mousedowned() {
            if (touchending || !filter.apply(this, arguments)) { return; }
            var gesture = beforestart("mouse", container.apply(this, arguments), mouse, this, arguments);
            if (!gesture) { return; }
            select(event.view).on("mousemove.drag", mousemoved, true).on("mouseup.drag", mouseupped, true);
            dragDisable(event.view);
            nopropagation();
            mousemoving = false;
            mousedownx = event.clientX;
            mousedowny = event.clientY;
            gesture("start");
          }

          function mousemoved() {
            noevent();
            if (!mousemoving) {
              var dx = event.clientX - mousedownx, dy = event.clientY - mousedowny;
              mousemoving = dx * dx + dy * dy > clickDistance2;
            }
            gestures.mouse("drag");
          }

          function mouseupped() {
            select(event.view).on("mousemove.drag mouseup.drag", null);
            yesdrag(event.view, mousemoving);
            noevent();
            gestures.mouse("end");
          }

          function touchstarted() {
            var arguments$1 = arguments;

            if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) { return; }
            var touches = event.changedTouches,
                c = container.apply(this, arguments),
                n = touches.length, i, gesture;

            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (gesture = beforestart(touches[i].identifier, c, touch, this, arguments$1)) {
                nopropagation();
                gesture("start");
              }
            }
          }

          function touchmoved() {
            var touches = event.changedTouches,
                n = touches.length, i, gesture;

            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (gesture = gestures[touches[i].identifier]) {
                noevent();
                gesture("drag");
              }
            }
          }

          function touchended() {
            var touches = event.changedTouches,
                n = touches.length, i, gesture;

            if (touchending) { clearTimeout(touchending); }
            touchending = setTimeout(function() { touchending = null; }, 500); // Ghost clicks are delayed!
            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (gesture = gestures[touches[i].identifier]) {
                nopropagation();
                gesture("end");
              }
            }
          }

          function beforestart(id, container, point, that, args) {
            var p = point(container, id), s, dx, dy,
                sublisteners = listeners.copy();

            if (!customEvent(new DragEvent(drag, "beforestart", s, id, active, p[0], p[1], 0, 0, sublisteners), function() {
              if ((event.subject = s = subject.apply(that, args)) == null) { return false; }
              dx = s.x - p[0] || 0;
              dy = s.y - p[1] || 0;
              return true;
            })) { return; }

            return function gesture(type) {
              var p0 = p, n;
              switch (type) {
                case "start": gestures[id] = gesture, n = active++; break;
                case "end": delete gestures[id], --active; // nobreak
                case "drag": p = point(container, id), n = active; break;
              }
              customEvent(new DragEvent(drag, type, s, id, n, p[0] + dx, p[1] + dy, p[0] - p0[0], p[1] - p0[1], sublisteners), sublisteners.apply, sublisteners, [type, that, args]);
            };
          }

          drag.filter = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (filter = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(!!_), drag) : filter;
          };

          drag.container = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (container = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(_), drag) : container;
          };

          drag.subject = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (subject = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(_), drag) : subject;
          };

          drag.touchable = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (touchable = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$1(!!_), drag) : touchable;
          };

          drag.on = function() {
            var value = listeners.on.apply(listeners, arguments);
            return value === listeners ? drag : value;
          };

          drag.clickDistance = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (clickDistance2 = (_ = +_) * _, drag) : Math.sqrt(clickDistance2);
          };

          return drag;
        }

        function define$1(constructor, factory, prototype) {
          constructor.prototype = factory.prototype = prototype;
          prototype.constructor = constructor;
        }

        function extend(parent, definition) {
          var prototype = Object.create(parent.prototype);
          for (var key in definition) { prototype[key] = definition[key]; }
          return prototype;
        }

        function Color() {}

        var darker = 0.7;
        var brighter = 1 / darker;

        var reI = "\\s*([+-]?\\d+)\\s*",
            reN = "\\s*([+-]?\\d*\\.?\\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\\d+)?)\\s*",
            reP = "\\s*([+-]?\\d*\\.?\\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\\d+)?)%\\s*",
            reHex = /^#([0-9a-f]{3,8})$/,
            reRgbInteger = new RegExp("^rgb\\(" + [reI, reI, reI] + "\\)$"),
            reRgbPercent = new RegExp("^rgb\\(" + [reP, reP, reP] + "\\)$"),
            reRgbaInteger = new RegExp("^rgba\\(" + [reI, reI, reI, reN] + "\\)$"),
            reRgbaPercent = new RegExp("^rgba\\(" + [reP, reP, reP, reN] + "\\)$"),
            reHslPercent = new RegExp("^hsl\\(" + [reN, reP, reP] + "\\)$"),
            reHslaPercent = new RegExp("^hsla\\(" + [reN, reP, reP, reN] + "\\)$");

        var named = {
          aliceblue: 0xf0f8ff,
          antiquewhite: 0xfaebd7,
          aqua: 0x00ffff,
          aquamarine: 0x7fffd4,
          azure: 0xf0ffff,
          beige: 0xf5f5dc,
          bisque: 0xffe4c4,
          black: 0x000000,
          blanchedalmond: 0xffebcd,
          blue: 0x0000ff,
          blueviolet: 0x8a2be2,
          brown: 0xa52a2a,
          burlywood: 0xdeb887,
          cadetblue: 0x5f9ea0,
          chartreuse: 0x7fff00,
          chocolate: 0xd2691e,
          coral: 0xff7f50,
          cornflowerblue: 0x6495ed,
          cornsilk: 0xfff8dc,
          crimson: 0xdc143c,
          cyan: 0x00ffff,
          darkblue: 0x00008b,
          darkcyan: 0x008b8b,
          darkgoldenrod: 0xb8860b,
          darkgray: 0xa9a9a9,
          darkgreen: 0x006400,
          darkgrey: 0xa9a9a9,
          darkkhaki: 0xbdb76b,
          darkmagenta: 0x8b008b,
          darkolivegreen: 0x556b2f,
          darkorange: 0xff8c00,
          darkorchid: 0x9932cc,
          darkred: 0x8b0000,
          darksalmon: 0xe9967a,
          darkseagreen: 0x8fbc8f,
          darkslateblue: 0x483d8b,
          darkslategray: 0x2f4f4f,
          darkslategrey: 0x2f4f4f,
          darkturquoise: 0x00ced1,
          darkviolet: 0x9400d3,
          deeppink: 0xff1493,
          deepskyblue: 0x00bfff,
          dimgray: 0x696969,
          dimgrey: 0x696969,
          dodgerblue: 0x1e90ff,
          firebrick: 0xb22222,
          floralwhite: 0xfffaf0,
          forestgreen: 0x228b22,
          fuchsia: 0xff00ff,
          gainsboro: 0xdcdcdc,
          ghostwhite: 0xf8f8ff,
          gold: 0xffd700,
          goldenrod: 0xdaa520,
          gray: 0x808080,
          green: 0x008000,
          greenyellow: 0xadff2f,
          grey: 0x808080,
          honeydew: 0xf0fff0,
          hotpink: 0xff69b4,
          indianred: 0xcd5c5c,
          indigo: 0x4b0082,
          ivory: 0xfffff0,
          khaki: 0xf0e68c,
          lavender: 0xe6e6fa,
          lavenderblush: 0xfff0f5,
          lawngreen: 0x7cfc00,
          lemonchiffon: 0xfffacd,
          lightblue: 0xadd8e6,
          lightcoral: 0xf08080,
          lightcyan: 0xe0ffff,
          lightgoldenrodyellow: 0xfafad2,
          lightgray: 0xd3d3d3,
          lightgreen: 0x90ee90,
          lightgrey: 0xd3d3d3,
          lightpink: 0xffb6c1,
          lightsalmon: 0xffa07a,
          lightseagreen: 0x20b2aa,
          lightskyblue: 0x87cefa,
          lightslategray: 0x778899,
          lightslategrey: 0x778899,
          lightsteelblue: 0xb0c4de,
          lightyellow: 0xffffe0,
          lime: 0x00ff00,
          limegreen: 0x32cd32,
          linen: 0xfaf0e6,
          magenta: 0xff00ff,
          maroon: 0x800000,
          mediumaquamarine: 0x66cdaa,
          mediumblue: 0x0000cd,
          mediumorchid: 0xba55d3,
          mediumpurple: 0x9370db,
          mediumseagreen: 0x3cb371,
          mediumslateblue: 0x7b68ee,
          mediumspringgreen: 0x00fa9a,
          mediumturquoise: 0x48d1cc,
          mediumvioletred: 0xc71585,
          midnightblue: 0x191970,
          mintcream: 0xf5fffa,
          mistyrose: 0xffe4e1,
          moccasin: 0xffe4b5,
          navajowhite: 0xffdead,
          navy: 0x000080,
          oldlace: 0xfdf5e6,
          olive: 0x808000,
          olivedrab: 0x6b8e23,
          orange: 0xffa500,
          orangered: 0xff4500,
          orchid: 0xda70d6,
          palegoldenrod: 0xeee8aa,
          palegreen: 0x98fb98,
          paleturquoise: 0xafeeee,
          palevioletred: 0xdb7093,
          papayawhip: 0xffefd5,
          peachpuff: 0xffdab9,
          peru: 0xcd853f,
          pink: 0xffc0cb,
          plum: 0xdda0dd,
          powderblue: 0xb0e0e6,
          purple: 0x800080,
          rebeccapurple: 0x663399,
          red: 0xff0000,
          rosybrown: 0xbc8f8f,
          royalblue: 0x4169e1,
          saddlebrown: 0x8b4513,
          salmon: 0xfa8072,
          sandybrown: 0xf4a460,
          seagreen: 0x2e8b57,
          seashell: 0xfff5ee,
          sienna: 0xa0522d,
          silver: 0xc0c0c0,
          skyblue: 0x87ceeb,
          slateblue: 0x6a5acd,
          slategray: 0x708090,
          slategrey: 0x708090,
          snow: 0xfffafa,
          springgreen: 0x00ff7f,
          steelblue: 0x4682b4,
          tan: 0xd2b48c,
          teal: 0x008080,
          thistle: 0xd8bfd8,
          tomato: 0xff6347,
          turquoise: 0x40e0d0,
          violet: 0xee82ee,
          wheat: 0xf5deb3,
          white: 0xffffff,
          whitesmoke: 0xf5f5f5,
          yellow: 0xffff00,
          yellowgreen: 0x9acd32
        };

        define$1(Color, color, {
          copy: function(channels) {
            return Object.assign(new this.constructor, this, channels);
          },
          displayable: function() {
            return this.rgb().displayable();
          },
          hex: color_formatHex, // Deprecated! Use color.formatHex.
          formatHex: color_formatHex,
          formatHsl: color_formatHsl,
          formatRgb: color_formatRgb,
          toString: color_formatRgb
        });

        function color_formatHex() {
          return this.rgb().formatHex();
        }

        function color_formatHsl() {
          return hslConvert(this).formatHsl();
        }

        function color_formatRgb() {
          return this.rgb().formatRgb();
        }

        function color(format) {
          var m, l;
          format = (format + "").trim().toLowerCase();
          return (m = reHex.exec(format)) ? (l = m[1].length, m = parseInt(m[1], 16), l === 6 ? rgbn(m) // #ff0000
              : l === 3 ? new Rgb((m >> 8 & 0xf) | (m >> 4 & 0xf0), (m >> 4 & 0xf) | (m & 0xf0), ((m & 0xf) << 4) | (m & 0xf), 1) // #f00
              : l === 8 ? rgba(m >> 24 & 0xff, m >> 16 & 0xff, m >> 8 & 0xff, (m & 0xff) / 0xff) // #ff000000
              : l === 4 ? rgba((m >> 12 & 0xf) | (m >> 8 & 0xf0), (m >> 8 & 0xf) | (m >> 4 & 0xf0), (m >> 4 & 0xf) | (m & 0xf0), (((m & 0xf) << 4) | (m & 0xf)) / 0xff) // #f000
              : null) // invalid hex
              : (m = reRgbInteger.exec(format)) ? new Rgb(m[1], m[2], m[3], 1) // rgb(255, 0, 0)
              : (m = reRgbPercent.exec(format)) ? new Rgb(m[1] * 255 / 100, m[2] * 255 / 100, m[3] * 255 / 100, 1) // rgb(100%, 0%, 0%)
              : (m = reRgbaInteger.exec(format)) ? rgba(m[1], m[2], m[3], m[4]) // rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)
              : (m = reRgbaPercent.exec(format)) ? rgba(m[1] * 255 / 100, m[2] * 255 / 100, m[3] * 255 / 100, m[4]) // rgb(100%, 0%, 0%, 1)
              : (m = reHslPercent.exec(format)) ? hsla(m[1], m[2] / 100, m[3] / 100, 1) // hsl(120, 50%, 50%)
              : (m = reHslaPercent.exec(format)) ? hsla(m[1], m[2] / 100, m[3] / 100, m[4]) // hsla(120, 50%, 50%, 1)
              : named.hasOwnProperty(format) ? rgbn(named[format]) // eslint-disable-line no-prototype-builtins
              : format === "transparent" ? new Rgb(NaN, NaN, NaN, 0)
              : null;
        }

        function rgbn(n) {
          return new Rgb(n >> 16 & 0xff, n >> 8 & 0xff, n & 0xff, 1);
        }

        function rgba(r, g, b, a) {
          if (a <= 0) { r = g = b = NaN; }
          return new Rgb(r, g, b, a);
        }

        function rgbConvert(o) {
          if (!(o instanceof Color)) { o = color(o); }
          if (!o) { return new Rgb; }
          o = o.rgb();
          return new Rgb(o.r, o.g, o.b, o.opacity);
        }

        function rgb(r, g, b, opacity) {
          return arguments.length === 1 ? rgbConvert(r) : new Rgb(r, g, b, opacity == null ? 1 : opacity);
        }

        function Rgb(r, g, b, opacity) {
          this.r = +r;
          this.g = +g;
          this.b = +b;
          this.opacity = +opacity;
        }

        define$1(Rgb, rgb, extend(Color, {
          brighter: function(k) {
            k = k == null ? brighter : Math.pow(brighter, k);
            return new Rgb(this.r * k, this.g * k, this.b * k, this.opacity);
          },
          darker: function(k) {
            k = k == null ? darker : Math.pow(darker, k);
            return new Rgb(this.r * k, this.g * k, this.b * k, this.opacity);
          },
          rgb: function() {
            return this;
          },
          displayable: function() {
            return (-0.5 <= this.r && this.r < 255.5)
                && (-0.5 <= this.g && this.g < 255.5)
                && (-0.5 <= this.b && this.b < 255.5)
                && (0 <= this.opacity && this.opacity <= 1);
          },
          hex: rgb_formatHex, // Deprecated! Use color.formatHex.
          formatHex: rgb_formatHex,
          formatRgb: rgb_formatRgb,
          toString: rgb_formatRgb
        }));

        function rgb_formatHex() {
          return "#" + hex$1(this.r) + hex$1(this.g) + hex$1(this.b);
        }

        function rgb_formatRgb() {
          var a = this.opacity; a = isNaN(a) ? 1 : Math.max(0, Math.min(1, a));
          return (a === 1 ? "rgb(" : "rgba(")
              + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.r) || 0)) + ", "
              + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.g) || 0)) + ", "
              + Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.b) || 0))
              + (a === 1 ? ")" : ", " + a + ")");
        }

        function hex$1(value) {
          value = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(value) || 0));
          return (value < 16 ? "0" : "") + value.toString(16);
        }

        function hsla(h, s, l, a) {
          if (a <= 0) { h = s = l = NaN; }
          else if (l <= 0 || l >= 1) { h = s = NaN; }
          else if (s <= 0) { h = NaN; }
          return new Hsl(h, s, l, a);
        }

        function hslConvert(o) {
          if (o instanceof Hsl) { return new Hsl(o.h, o.s, o.l, o.opacity); }
          if (!(o instanceof Color)) { o = color(o); }
          if (!o) { return new Hsl; }
          if (o instanceof Hsl) { return o; }
          o = o.rgb();
          var r = o.r / 255,
              g = o.g / 255,
              b = o.b / 255,
              min = Math.min(r, g, b),
              max = Math.max(r, g, b),
              h = NaN,
              s = max - min,
              l = (max + min) / 2;
          if (s) {
            if (r === max) { h = (g - b) / s + (g < b) * 6; }
            else if (g === max) { h = (b - r) / s + 2; }
            else { h = (r - g) / s + 4; }
            s /= l < 0.5 ? max + min : 2 - max - min;
            h *= 60;
          } else {
            s = l > 0 && l < 1 ? 0 : h;
          }
          return new Hsl(h, s, l, o.opacity);
        }

        function hsl(h, s, l, opacity) {
          return arguments.length === 1 ? hslConvert(h) : new Hsl(h, s, l, opacity == null ? 1 : opacity);
        }

        function Hsl(h, s, l, opacity) {
          this.h = +h;
          this.s = +s;
          this.l = +l;
          this.opacity = +opacity;
        }

        define$1(Hsl, hsl, extend(Color, {
          brighter: function(k) {
            k = k == null ? brighter : Math.pow(brighter, k);
            return new Hsl(this.h, this.s, this.l * k, this.opacity);
          },
          darker: function(k) {
            k = k == null ? darker : Math.pow(darker, k);
            return new Hsl(this.h, this.s, this.l * k, this.opacity);
          },
          rgb: function() {
            var h = this.h % 360 + (this.h < 0) * 360,
                s = isNaN(h) || isNaN(this.s) ? 0 : this.s,
                l = this.l,
                m2 = l + (l < 0.5 ? l : 1 - l) * s,
                m1 = 2 * l - m2;
            return new Rgb(
              hsl2rgb(h >= 240 ? h - 240 : h + 120, m1, m2),
              hsl2rgb(h, m1, m2),
              hsl2rgb(h < 120 ? h + 240 : h - 120, m1, m2),
              this.opacity
            );
          },
          displayable: function() {
            return (0 <= this.s && this.s <= 1 || isNaN(this.s))
                && (0 <= this.l && this.l <= 1)
                && (0 <= this.opacity && this.opacity <= 1);
          },
          formatHsl: function() {
            var a = this.opacity; a = isNaN(a) ? 1 : Math.max(0, Math.min(1, a));
            return (a === 1 ? "hsl(" : "hsla(")
                + (this.h || 0) + ", "
                + (this.s || 0) * 100 + "%, "
                + (this.l || 0) * 100 + "%"
                + (a === 1 ? ")" : ", " + a + ")");
          }
        }));

        /* From FvD 13.37, CSS Color Module Level 3 */
        function hsl2rgb(h, m1, m2) {
          return (h < 60 ? m1 + (m2 - m1) * h / 60
              : h < 180 ? m2
              : h < 240 ? m1 + (m2 - m1) * (240 - h) / 60
              : m1) * 255;
        }

        function constant$2(x) {
          return function() {
            return x;
          };
        }

        function linear(a, d) {
          return function(t) {
            return a + t * d;
          };
        }

        function exponential(a, b, y) {
          return a = Math.pow(a, y), b = Math.pow(b, y) - a, y = 1 / y, function(t) {
            return Math.pow(a + t * b, y);
          };
        }

        function gamma(y) {
          return (y = +y) === 1 ? nogamma : function(a, b) {
            return b - a ? exponential(a, b, y) : constant$2(isNaN(a) ? b : a);
          };
        }

        function nogamma(a, b) {
          var d = b - a;
          return d ? linear(a, d) : constant$2(isNaN(a) ? b : a);
        }

        var d3_interpolateRgb = (function rgbGamma(y) {
          var color = gamma(y);

          function rgb$1(start, end) {
            var r = color((start = rgb(start)).r, (end = rgb(end)).r),
                g = color(start.g, end.g),
                b = color(start.b, end.b),
                opacity = nogamma(start.opacity, end.opacity);
            return function(t) {
              start.r = r(t);
              start.g = g(t);
              start.b = b(t);
              start.opacity = opacity(t);
              return start + "";
            };
          }

          rgb$1.gamma = rgbGamma;

          return rgb$1;
        })(1);

        function numberArray(a, b) {
          if (!b) { b = []; }
          var n = a ? Math.min(b.length, a.length) : 0,
              c = b.slice(),
              i;
          return function(t) {
            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { c[i] = a[i] * (1 - t) + b[i] * t; }
            return c;
          };
        }

        function isNumberArray(x) {
          return ArrayBuffer.isView(x) && !(x instanceof DataView);
        }

        function genericArray(a, b) {
          var nb = b ? b.length : 0,
              na = a ? Math.min(nb, a.length) : 0,
              x = new Array(na),
              c = new Array(nb),
              i;

          for (i = 0; i < na; ++i) { x[i] = interpolate(a[i], b[i]); }
          for (; i < nb; ++i) { c[i] = b[i]; }

          return function(t) {
            for (i = 0; i < na; ++i) { c[i] = x[i](t); }
            return c;
          };
        }

        function date(a, b) {
          var d = new Date;
          return a = +a, b = +b, function(t) {
            return d.setTime(a * (1 - t) + b * t), d;
          };
        }

        function d3_interpolateNumber(a, b) {
          return a = +a, b = +b, function(t) {
            return a * (1 - t) + b * t;
          };
        }

        function object(a, b) {
          var i = {},
              c = {},
              k;

          if (a === null || typeof a !== "object") { a = {}; }
          if (b === null || typeof b !== "object") { b = {}; }

          for (k in b) {
            if (k in a) {
              i[k] = interpolate(a[k], b[k]);
            } else {
              c[k] = b[k];
            }
          }

          return function(t) {
            for (k in i) { c[k] = i[k](t); }
            return c;
          };
        }

        var reA = /[-+]?(?:\d+\.?\d*|\.?\d+)(?:[eE][-+]?\d+)?/g,
            reB = new RegExp(reA.source, "g");

        function zero(b) {
          return function() {
            return b;
          };
        }

        function one(b) {
          return function(t) {
            return b(t) + "";
          };
        }

        function interpolateString(a, b) {
          var bi = reA.lastIndex = reB.lastIndex = 0, // scan index for next number in b
              am, // current match in a
              bm, // current match in b
              bs, // string preceding current number in b, if any
              i = -1, // index in s
              s = [], // string constants and placeholders
              q = []; // number interpolators

          // Coerce inputs to strings.
          a = a + "", b = b + "";

          // Interpolate pairs of numbers in a & b.
          while ((am = reA.exec(a))
              && (bm = reB.exec(b))) {
            if ((bs = bm.index) > bi) { // a string precedes the next number in b
              bs = b.slice(bi, bs);
              if (s[i]) { s[i] += bs; } // coalesce with previous string
              else { s[++i] = bs; }
            }
            if ((am = am[0]) === (bm = bm[0])) { // numbers in a & b match
              if (s[i]) { s[i] += bm; } // coalesce with previous string
              else { s[++i] = bm; }
            } else { // interpolate non-matching numbers
              s[++i] = null;
              q.push({i: i, x: d3_interpolateNumber(am, bm)});
            }
            bi = reB.lastIndex;
          }

          // Add remains of b.
          if (bi < b.length) {
            bs = b.slice(bi);
            if (s[i]) { s[i] += bs; } // coalesce with previous string
            else { s[++i] = bs; }
          }

          // Special optimization for only a single match.
          // Otherwise, interpolate each of the numbers and rejoin the string.
          return s.length < 2 ? (q[0]
              ? one(q[0].x)
              : zero(b))
              : (b = q.length, function(t) {
                  for (var i = 0, o; i < b; ++i) { s[(o = q[i]).i] = o.x(t); }
                  return s.join("");
                });
        }

        function interpolate(a, b) {
          var t = typeof b, c;
          return b == null || t === "boolean" ? constant$2(b)
              : (t === "number" ? d3_interpolateNumber
              : t === "string" ? ((c = color(b)) ? (b = c, d3_interpolateRgb) : interpolateString)
              : b instanceof color ? d3_interpolateRgb
              : b instanceof Date ? date
              : isNumberArray(b) ? numberArray
              : Array.isArray(b) ? genericArray
              : typeof b.valueOf !== "function" && typeof b.toString !== "function" || isNaN(b) ? object
              : d3_interpolateNumber)(a, b);
        }

        function interpolateRound(a, b) {
          return a = +a, b = +b, function(t) {
            return Math.round(a * (1 - t) + b * t);
          };
        }

        var degrees$1 = 180 / Math.PI;

        var identity$1 = {
          translateX: 0,
          translateY: 0,
          rotate: 0,
          skewX: 0,
          scaleX: 1,
          scaleY: 1
        };

        function decompose(a, b, c, d, e, f) {
          var scaleX, scaleY, skewX;
          if (scaleX = Math.sqrt(a * a + b * b)) { a /= scaleX, b /= scaleX; }
          if (skewX = a * c + b * d) { c -= a * skewX, d -= b * skewX; }
          if (scaleY = Math.sqrt(c * c + d * d)) { c /= scaleY, d /= scaleY, skewX /= scaleY; }
          if (a * d < b * c) { a = -a, b = -b, skewX = -skewX, scaleX = -scaleX; }
          return {
            translateX: e,
            translateY: f,
            rotate: Math.atan2(b, a) * degrees$1,
            skewX: Math.atan(skewX) * degrees$1,
            scaleX: scaleX,
            scaleY: scaleY
          };
        }

        var cssNode,
            cssRoot,
            cssView,
            svgNode;

        function parseCss(value) {
          if (value === "none") { return identity$1; }
          if (!cssNode) { cssNode = document.createElement("DIV"), cssRoot = document.documentElement, cssView = document.defaultView; }
          cssNode.style.transform = value;
          value = cssView.getComputedStyle(cssRoot.appendChild(cssNode), null).getPropertyValue("transform");
          cssRoot.removeChild(cssNode);
          value = value.slice(7, -1).split(",");
          return decompose(+value[0], +value[1], +value[2], +value[3], +value[4], +value[5]);
        }

        function parseSvg(value) {
          if (value == null) { return identity$1; }
          if (!svgNode) { svgNode = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "g"); }
          svgNode.setAttribute("transform", value);
          if (!(value = svgNode.transform.baseVal.consolidate())) { return identity$1; }
          value = value.matrix;
          return decompose(value.a, value.b, value.c, value.d, value.e, value.f);
        }

        function interpolateTransform(parse, pxComma, pxParen, degParen) {

          function pop(s) {
            return s.length ? s.pop() + " " : "";
          }

          function translate(xa, ya, xb, yb, s, q) {
            if (xa !== xb || ya !== yb) {
              var i = s.push("translate(", null, pxComma, null, pxParen);
              q.push({i: i - 4, x: d3_interpolateNumber(xa, xb)}, {i: i - 2, x: d3_interpolateNumber(ya, yb)});
            } else if (xb || yb) {
              s.push("translate(" + xb + pxComma + yb + pxParen);
            }
          }

          function rotate(a, b, s, q) {
            if (a !== b) {
              if (a - b > 180) { b += 360; } else if (b - a > 180) { a += 360; } // shortest path
              q.push({i: s.push(pop(s) + "rotate(", null, degParen) - 2, x: d3_interpolateNumber(a, b)});
            } else if (b) {
              s.push(pop(s) + "rotate(" + b + degParen);
            }
          }

          function skewX(a, b, s, q) {
            if (a !== b) {
              q.push({i: s.push(pop(s) + "skewX(", null, degParen) - 2, x: d3_interpolateNumber(a, b)});
            } else if (b) {
              s.push(pop(s) + "skewX(" + b + degParen);
            }
          }

          function scale(xa, ya, xb, yb, s, q) {
            if (xa !== xb || ya !== yb) {
              var i = s.push(pop(s) + "scale(", null, ",", null, ")");
              q.push({i: i - 4, x: d3_interpolateNumber(xa, xb)}, {i: i - 2, x: d3_interpolateNumber(ya, yb)});
            } else if (xb !== 1 || yb !== 1) {
              s.push(pop(s) + "scale(" + xb + "," + yb + ")");
            }
          }

          return function(a, b) {
            var s = [], // string constants and placeholders
                q = []; // number interpolators
            a = parse(a), b = parse(b);
            translate(a.translateX, a.translateY, b.translateX, b.translateY, s, q);
            rotate(a.rotate, b.rotate, s, q);
            skewX(a.skewX, b.skewX, s, q);
            scale(a.scaleX, a.scaleY, b.scaleX, b.scaleY, s, q);
            a = b = null; // gc
            return function(t) {
              var i = -1, n = q.length, o;
              while (++i < n) { s[(o = q[i]).i] = o.x(t); }
              return s.join("");
            };
          };
        }

        var interpolateTransformCss = interpolateTransform(parseCss, "px, ", "px)", "deg)");
        var interpolateTransformSvg = interpolateTransform(parseSvg, ", ", ")", ")");

        var rho = Math.SQRT2,
            rho2 = 2,
            rho4 = 4,
            epsilon2$1 = 1e-12;

        function cosh(x) {
          return ((x = Math.exp(x)) + 1 / x) / 2;
        }

        function sinh(x) {
          return ((x = Math.exp(x)) - 1 / x) / 2;
        }

        function tanh(x) {
          return ((x = Math.exp(2 * x)) - 1) / (x + 1);
        }

        // p0 = [ux0, uy0, w0]
        // p1 = [ux1, uy1, w1]
        function interpolateZoom(p0, p1) {
          var ux0 = p0[0], uy0 = p0[1], w0 = p0[2],
              ux1 = p1[0], uy1 = p1[1], w1 = p1[2],
              dx = ux1 - ux0,
              dy = uy1 - uy0,
              d2 = dx * dx + dy * dy,
              i,
              S;

          // Special case for u0 ≅ u1.
          if (d2 < epsilon2$1) {
            S = Math.log(w1 / w0) / rho;
            i = function(t) {
              return [
                ux0 + t * dx,
                uy0 + t * dy,
                w0 * Math.exp(rho * t * S)
              ];
            };
          }

          // General case.
          else {
            var d1 = Math.sqrt(d2),
                b0 = (w1 * w1 - w0 * w0 + rho4 * d2) / (2 * w0 * rho2 * d1),
                b1 = (w1 * w1 - w0 * w0 - rho4 * d2) / (2 * w1 * rho2 * d1),
                r0 = Math.log(Math.sqrt(b0 * b0 + 1) - b0),
                r1 = Math.log(Math.sqrt(b1 * b1 + 1) - b1);
            S = (r1 - r0) / rho;
            i = function(t) {
              var s = t * S,
                  coshr0 = cosh(r0),
                  u = w0 / (rho2 * d1) * (coshr0 * tanh(rho * s + r0) - sinh(r0));
              return [
                ux0 + u * dx,
                uy0 + u * dy,
                w0 * coshr0 / cosh(rho * s + r0)
              ];
            };
          }

          i.duration = S * 1000;

          return i;
        }

        function d3_quantize(interpolator, n) {
          var samples = new Array(n);
          for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i) { samples[i] = interpolator(i / (n - 1)); }
          return samples;
        }

        var frame = 0, // is an animation frame pending?
            timeout = 0, // is a timeout pending?
            interval = 0, // are any timers active?
            pokeDelay = 1000, // how frequently we check for clock skew
            taskHead,
            taskTail,
            clockLast = 0,
            clockNow = 0,
            clockSkew = 0,
            clock = typeof performance === "object" && performance.now ? performance : Date,
            setFrame = typeof window === "object" && window.requestAnimationFrame ? window.requestAnimationFrame.bind(window) : function(f) { setTimeout(f, 17); };

        function now() {
          return clockNow || (setFrame(clearNow), clockNow = clock.now() + clockSkew);
        }

        function clearNow() {
          clockNow = 0;
        }

        function Timer() {
          this._call =
          this._time =
          this._next = null;
        }

        Timer.prototype = timer.prototype = {
          constructor: Timer,
          restart: function(callback, delay, time) {
            if (typeof callback !== "function") { throw new TypeError("callback is not a function"); }
            time = (time == null ? now() : +time) + (delay == null ? 0 : +delay);
            if (!this._next && taskTail !== this) {
              if (taskTail) { taskTail._next = this; }
              else { taskHead = this; }
              taskTail = this;
            }
            this._call = callback;
            this._time = time;
            sleep();
          },
          stop: function() {
            if (this._call) {
              this._call = null;
              this._time = Infinity;
              sleep();
            }
          }
        };

        function timer(callback, delay, time) {
          var t = new Timer;
          t.restart(callback, delay, time);
          return t;
        }

        function timerFlush() {
          now(); // Get the current time, if not already set.
          ++frame; // Pretend we’ve set an alarm, if we haven’t already.
          var t = taskHead, e;
          while (t) {
            if ((e = clockNow - t._time) >= 0) { t._call.call(null, e); }
            t = t._next;
          }
          --frame;
        }

        function wake() {
          clockNow = (clockLast = clock.now()) + clockSkew;
          frame = timeout = 0;
          try {
            timerFlush();
          } finally {
            frame = 0;
            nap();
            clockNow = 0;
          }
        }

        function poke() {
          var now = clock.now(), delay = now - clockLast;
          if (delay > pokeDelay) { clockSkew -= delay, clockLast = now; }
        }

        function nap() {
          var t0, t1 = taskHead, t2, time = Infinity;
          while (t1) {
            if (t1._call) {
              if (time > t1._time) { time = t1._time; }
              t0 = t1, t1 = t1._next;
            } else {
              t2 = t1._next, t1._next = null;
              t1 = t0 ? t0._next = t2 : taskHead = t2;
            }
          }
          taskTail = t0;
          sleep(time);
        }

        function sleep(time) {
          if (frame) { return; } // Soonest alarm already set, or will be.
          if (timeout) { timeout = clearTimeout(timeout); }
          var delay = time - clockNow; // Strictly less than if we recomputed clockNow.
          if (delay > 24) {
            if (time < Infinity) { timeout = setTimeout(wake, time - clock.now() - clockSkew); }
            if (interval) { interval = clearInterval(interval); }
          } else {
            if (!interval) { clockLast = clock.now(), interval = setInterval(poke, pokeDelay); }
            frame = 1, setFrame(wake);
          }
        }

        function d3_timeout(callback, delay, time) {
          var t = new Timer;
          delay = delay == null ? 0 : +delay;
          t.restart(function(elapsed) {
            t.stop();
            callback(elapsed + delay);
          }, delay, time);
          return t;
        }

        var emptyOn = dispatch("start", "end", "cancel", "interrupt");
        var emptyTween = [];

        var CREATED = 0;
        var SCHEDULED = 1;
        var STARTING = 2;
        var STARTED = 3;
        var RUNNING = 4;
        var ENDING = 5;
        var ENDED = 6;

        function schedule(node, name, id, index, group, timing) {
          var schedules = node.__transition;
          if (!schedules) { node.__transition = {}; }
          else if (id in schedules) { return; }
          create$7(node, id, {
            name: name,
            index: index, // For context during callback.
            group: group, // For context during callback.
            on: emptyOn,
            tween: emptyTween,
            time: timing.time,
            delay: timing.delay,
            duration: timing.duration,
            ease: timing.ease,
            timer: null,
            state: CREATED
          });
        }

        function init(node, id) {
          var schedule = get$2(node, id);
          if (schedule.state > CREATED) { throw new Error("too late; already scheduled"); }
          return schedule;
        }

        function set$1(node, id) {
          var schedule = get$2(node, id);
          if (schedule.state > STARTED) { throw new Error("too late; already running"); }
          return schedule;
        }

        function get$2(node, id) {
          var schedule = node.__transition;
          if (!schedule || !(schedule = schedule[id])) { throw new Error("transition not found"); }
          return schedule;
        }

        function create$7(node, id, self) {
          var schedules = node.__transition,
              tween;

          // Initialize the self timer when the transition is created.
          // Note the actual delay is not known until the first callback!
          schedules[id] = self;
          self.timer = timer(schedule, 0, self.time);

          function schedule(elapsed) {
            self.state = SCHEDULED;
            self.timer.restart(start, self.delay, self.time);

            // If the elapsed delay is less than our first sleep, start immediately.
            if (self.delay <= elapsed) { start(elapsed - self.delay); }
          }

          function start(elapsed) {
            var i, j, n, o;

            // If the state is not SCHEDULED, then we previously errored on start.
            if (self.state !== SCHEDULED) { return stop(); }

            for (i in schedules) {
              o = schedules[i];
              if (o.name !== self.name) { continue; }

              // While this element already has a starting transition during this frame,
              // defer starting an interrupting transition until that transition has a
              // chance to tick (and possibly end); see d3/d3-transition#54!
              if (o.state === STARTED) { return d3_timeout(start); }

              // Interrupt the active transition, if any.
              if (o.state === RUNNING) {
                o.state = ENDED;
                o.timer.stop();
                o.on.call("interrupt", node, node.__data__, o.index, o.group);
                delete schedules[i];
              }

              // Cancel any pre-empted transitions.
              else if (+i < id) {
                o.state = ENDED;
                o.timer.stop();
                o.on.call("cancel", node, node.__data__, o.index, o.group);
                delete schedules[i];
              }
            }

            // Defer the first tick to end of the current frame; see d3/d3#1576.
            // Note the transition may be canceled after start and before the first tick!
            // Note this must be scheduled before the start event; see d3/d3-transition#16!
            // Assuming this is successful, subsequent callbacks go straight to tick.
            d3_timeout(function() {
              if (self.state === STARTED) {
                self.state = RUNNING;
                self.timer.restart(tick, self.delay, self.time);
                tick(elapsed);
              }
            });

            // Dispatch the start event.
            // Note this must be done before the tween are initialized.
            self.state = STARTING;
            self.on.call("start", node, node.__data__, self.index, self.group);
            if (self.state !== STARTING) { return; } // interrupted
            self.state = STARTED;

            // Initialize the tween, deleting null tween.
            tween = new Array(n = self.tween.length);
            for (i = 0, j = -1; i < n; ++i) {
              if (o = self.tween[i].value.call(node, node.__data__, self.index, self.group)) {
                tween[++j] = o;
              }
            }
            tween.length = j + 1;
          }

          function tick(elapsed) {
            var t = elapsed < self.duration ? self.ease.call(null, elapsed / self.duration) : (self.timer.restart(stop), self.state = ENDING, 1),
                i = -1,
                n = tween.length;

            while (++i < n) {
              tween[i].call(node, t);
            }

            // Dispatch the end event.
            if (self.state === ENDING) {
              self.on.call("end", node, node.__data__, self.index, self.group);
              stop();
            }
          }

          function stop() {
            self.state = ENDED;
            self.timer.stop();
            delete schedules[id];
            for (var i in schedules) { return; } // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
            delete node.__transition;
          }
        }

        function interrupt(node, name) {
          var schedules = node.__transition,
              schedule,
              active,
              empty = true,
              i;

          if (!schedules) { return; }

          name = name == null ? null : name + "";

          for (i in schedules) {
            if ((schedule = schedules[i]).name !== name) { empty = false; continue; }
            active = schedule.state > STARTING && schedule.state < ENDING;
            schedule.state = ENDED;
            schedule.timer.stop();
            schedule.on.call(active ? "interrupt" : "cancel", node, node.__data__, schedule.index, schedule.group);
            delete schedules[i];
          }

          if (empty) { delete node.__transition; }
        }

        function selection_interrupt(name) {
          return this.each(function() {
            interrupt(this, name);
          });
        }

        function tweenRemove(id, name) {
          var tween0, tween1;
          return function() {
            var schedule = set$1(this, id),
                tween = schedule.tween;

            // If this node shared tween with the previous node,
            // just assign the updated shared tween and we’re done!
            // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
            if (tween !== tween0) {
              tween1 = tween0 = tween;
              for (var i = 0, n = tween1.length; i < n; ++i) {
                if (tween1[i].name === name) {
                  tween1 = tween1.slice();
                  tween1.splice(i, 1);
                  break;
                }
              }
            }

            schedule.tween = tween1;
          };
        }

        function tweenFunction(id, name, value) {
          var tween0, tween1;
          if (typeof value !== "function") { throw new Error; }
          return function() {
            var schedule = set$1(this, id),
                tween = schedule.tween;

            // If this node shared tween with the previous node,
            // just assign the updated shared tween and we’re done!
            // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
            if (tween !== tween0) {
              tween1 = (tween0 = tween).slice();
              for (var t = {name: name, value: value}, i = 0, n = tween1.length; i < n; ++i) {
                if (tween1[i].name === name) {
                  tween1[i] = t;
                  break;
                }
              }
              if (i === n) { tween1.push(t); }
            }

            schedule.tween = tween1;
          };
        }

        function transition_tween(name, value) {
          var id = this._id;

          name += "";

          if (arguments.length < 2) {
            var tween = get$2(this.node(), id).tween;
            for (var i = 0, n = tween.length, t; i < n; ++i) {
              if ((t = tween[i]).name === name) {
                return t.value;
              }
            }
            return null;
          }

          return this.each((value == null ? tweenRemove : tweenFunction)(id, name, value));
        }

        function tweenValue(transition, name, value) {
          var id = transition._id;

          transition.each(function() {
            var schedule = set$1(this, id);
            (schedule.value || (schedule.value = {}))[name] = value.apply(this, arguments);
          });

          return function(node) {
            return get$2(node, id).value[name];
          };
        }

        function interpolate$1(a, b) {
          var c;
          return (typeof b === "number" ? d3_interpolateNumber
              : b instanceof color ? d3_interpolateRgb
              : (c = color(b)) ? (b = c, d3_interpolateRgb)
              : interpolateString)(a, b);
        }

        function attrRemove$1(name) {
          return function() {
            this.removeAttribute(name);
          };
        }

        function attrRemoveNS$1(fullname) {
          return function() {
            this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
          };
        }

        function attrConstant$1(name, interpolate, value1) {
          var string00,
              string1 = value1 + "",
              interpolate0;
          return function() {
            var string0 = this.getAttribute(name);
            return string0 === string1 ? null
                : string0 === string00 ? interpolate0
                : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1);
          };
        }

        function attrConstantNS$1(fullname, interpolate, value1) {
          var string00,
              string1 = value1 + "",
              interpolate0;
          return function() {
            var string0 = this.getAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
            return string0 === string1 ? null
                : string0 === string00 ? interpolate0
                : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1);
          };
        }

        function attrFunction$1(name, interpolate, value) {
          var string00,
              string10,
              interpolate0;
          return function() {
            var string0, value1 = value(this), string1;
            if (value1 == null) { return void this.removeAttribute(name); }
            string0 = this.getAttribute(name);
            string1 = value1 + "";
            return string0 === string1 ? null
                : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0
                : (string10 = string1, interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1));
          };
        }

        function attrFunctionNS$1(fullname, interpolate, value) {
          var string00,
              string10,
              interpolate0;
          return function() {
            var string0, value1 = value(this), string1;
            if (value1 == null) { return void this.removeAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local); }
            string0 = this.getAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local);
            string1 = value1 + "";
            return string0 === string1 ? null
                : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0
                : (string10 = string1, interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1));
          };
        }

        function transition_attr(name, value) {
          var fullname = namespace(name), i = fullname === "transform" ? interpolateTransformSvg : interpolate$1;
          return this.attrTween(name, typeof value === "function"
              ? (fullname.local ? attrFunctionNS$1 : attrFunction$1)(fullname, i, tweenValue(this, "attr." + name, value))
              : value == null ? (fullname.local ? attrRemoveNS$1 : attrRemove$1)(fullname)
              : (fullname.local ? attrConstantNS$1 : attrConstant$1)(fullname, i, value));
        }

        function attrInterpolate(name, i) {
          return function(t) {
            this.setAttribute(name, i.call(this, t));
          };
        }

        function attrInterpolateNS(fullname, i) {
          return function(t) {
            this.setAttributeNS(fullname.space, fullname.local, i.call(this, t));
          };
        }

        function attrTweenNS(fullname, value) {
          var t0, i0;
          function tween() {
            var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (i !== i0) { t0 = (i0 = i) && attrInterpolateNS(fullname, i); }
            return t0;
          }
          tween._value = value;
          return tween;
        }

        function attrTween(name, value) {
          var t0, i0;
          function tween() {
            var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (i !== i0) { t0 = (i0 = i) && attrInterpolate(name, i); }
            return t0;
          }
          tween._value = value;
          return tween;
        }

        function transition_attrTween(name, value) {
          var key = "attr." + name;
          if (arguments.length < 2) { return (key = this.tween(key)) && key._value; }
          if (value == null) { return this.tween(key, null); }
          if (typeof value !== "function") { throw new Error; }
          var fullname = namespace(name);
          return this.tween(key, (fullname.local ? attrTweenNS : attrTween)(fullname, value));
        }

        function delayFunction(id, value) {
          return function() {
            init(this, id).delay = +value.apply(this, arguments);
          };
        }

        function delayConstant(id, value) {
          return value = +value, function() {
            init(this, id).delay = value;
          };
        }

        function transition_delay(value) {
          var id = this._id;

          return arguments.length
              ? this.each((typeof value === "function"
                  ? delayFunction
                  : delayConstant)(id, value))
              : get$2(this.node(), id).delay;
        }

        function durationFunction(id, value) {
          return function() {
            set$1(this, id).duration = +value.apply(this, arguments);
          };
        }

        function durationConstant(id, value) {
          return value = +value, function() {
            set$1(this, id).duration = value;
          };
        }

        function transition_duration(value) {
          var id = this._id;

          return arguments.length
              ? this.each((typeof value === "function"
                  ? durationFunction
                  : durationConstant)(id, value))
              : get$2(this.node(), id).duration;
        }

        function easeConstant(id, value) {
          if (typeof value !== "function") { throw new Error; }
          return function() {
            set$1(this, id).ease = value;
          };
        }

        function transition_ease(value) {
          var id = this._id;

          return arguments.length
              ? this.each(easeConstant(id, value))
              : get$2(this.node(), id).ease;
        }

        function transition_filter(match) {
          if (typeof match !== "function") { match = matcher(match); }

          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = [], node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if ((node = group[i]) && match.call(node, node.__data__, i, group)) {
                subgroup.push(node);
              }
            }
          }

          return new Transition(subgroups, this._parents, this._name, this._id);
        }

        function transition_merge(transition) {
          if (transition._id !== this._id) { throw new Error; }

          for (var groups0 = this._groups, groups1 = transition._groups, m0 = groups0.length, m1 = groups1.length, m = Math.min(m0, m1), merges = new Array(m0), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group0 = groups0[j], group1 = groups1[j], n = group0.length, merge = merges[j] = new Array(n), node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group0[i] || group1[i]) {
                merge[i] = node;
              }
            }
          }

          for (; j < m0; ++j) {
            merges[j] = groups0[j];
          }

          return new Transition(merges, this._parents, this._name, this._id);
        }

        function start(name) {
          return (name + "").trim().split(/^|\s+/).every(function(t) {
            var i = t.indexOf(".");
            if (i >= 0) { t = t.slice(0, i); }
            return !t || t === "start";
          });
        }

        function onFunction(id, name, listener) {
          var on0, on1, sit = start(name) ? init : set$1;
          return function() {
            var schedule = sit(this, id),
                on = schedule.on;

            // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
            // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
            // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
            if (on !== on0) { (on1 = (on0 = on).copy()).on(name, listener); }

            schedule.on = on1;
          };
        }

        function transition_on(name, listener) {
          var id = this._id;

          return arguments.length < 2
              ? get$2(this.node(), id).on.on(name)
              : this.each(onFunction(id, name, listener));
        }

        function removeFunction(id) {
          return function() {
            var parent = this.parentNode;
            for (var i in this.__transition) { if (+i !== id) { return; } }
            if (parent) { parent.removeChild(this); }
          };
        }

        function transition_remove() {
          return this.on("end.remove", removeFunction(this._id));
        }

        function transition_select(select) {
          var name = this._name,
              id = this._id;

          if (typeof select !== "function") { select = selector(select); }

          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = new Array(m), j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, subgroup = subgroups[j] = new Array(n), node, subnode, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if ((node = group[i]) && (subnode = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group))) {
                if ("__data__" in node) { subnode.__data__ = node.__data__; }
                subgroup[i] = subnode;
                schedule(subgroup[i], name, id, i, subgroup, get$2(node, id));
              }
            }
          }

          return new Transition(subgroups, this._parents, name, id);
        }

        function transition_selectAll(select) {
          var name = this._name,
              id = this._id;

          if (typeof select !== "function") { select = selectorAll(select); }

          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, subgroups = [], parents = [], j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group[i]) {
                for (var children = select.call(node, node.__data__, i, group), child, inherit = get$2(node, id), k = 0, l = children.length; k < l; ++k) {
                  if (child = children[k]) {
                    schedule(child, name, id, k, children, inherit);
                  }
                }
                subgroups.push(children);
                parents.push(node);
              }
            }
          }

          return new Transition(subgroups, parents, name, id);
        }

        var Selection$1 = selection.prototype.constructor;

        function transition_selection() {
          return new Selection$1(this._groups, this._parents);
        }

        function styleNull(name, interpolate) {
          var string00,
              string10,
              interpolate0;
          return function() {
            var string0 = styleValue(this, name),
                string1 = (this.style.removeProperty(name), styleValue(this, name));
            return string0 === string1 ? null
                : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0
                : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, string10 = string1);
          };
        }

        function styleRemove$1(name) {
          return function() {
            this.style.removeProperty(name);
          };
        }

        function styleConstant$1(name, interpolate, value1) {
          var string00,
              string1 = value1 + "",
              interpolate0;
          return function() {
            var string0 = styleValue(this, name);
            return string0 === string1 ? null
                : string0 === string00 ? interpolate0
                : interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1);
          };
        }

        function styleFunction$1(name, interpolate, value) {
          var string00,
              string10,
              interpolate0;
          return function() {
            var string0 = styleValue(this, name),
                value1 = value(this),
                string1 = value1 + "";
            if (value1 == null) { string1 = value1 = (this.style.removeProperty(name), styleValue(this, name)); }
            return string0 === string1 ? null
                : string0 === string00 && string1 === string10 ? interpolate0
                : (string10 = string1, interpolate0 = interpolate(string00 = string0, value1));
          };
        }

        function styleMaybeRemove(id, name) {
          var on0, on1, listener0, key = "style." + name, event = "end." + key, remove;
          return function() {
            var schedule = set$1(this, id),
                on = schedule.on,
                listener = schedule.value[key] == null ? remove || (remove = styleRemove$1(name)) : undefined;

            // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
            // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
            // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
            if (on !== on0 || listener0 !== listener) { (on1 = (on0 = on).copy()).on(event, listener0 = listener); }

            schedule.on = on1;
          };
        }

        function transition_style(name, value, priority) {
          var i = (name += "") === "transform" ? interpolateTransformCss : interpolate$1;
          return value == null ? this
              .styleTween(name, styleNull(name, i))
              .on("end.style." + name, styleRemove$1(name))
            : typeof value === "function" ? this
              .styleTween(name, styleFunction$1(name, i, tweenValue(this, "style." + name, value)))
              .each(styleMaybeRemove(this._id, name))
            : this
              .styleTween(name, styleConstant$1(name, i, value), priority)
              .on("end.style." + name, null);
        }

        function styleInterpolate(name, i, priority) {
          return function(t) {
            this.style.setProperty(name, i.call(this, t), priority);
          };
        }

        function styleTween(name, value, priority) {
          var t, i0;
          function tween() {
            var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (i !== i0) { t = (i0 = i) && styleInterpolate(name, i, priority); }
            return t;
          }
          tween._value = value;
          return tween;
        }

        function transition_styleTween(name, value, priority) {
          var key = "style." + (name += "");
          if (arguments.length < 2) { return (key = this.tween(key)) && key._value; }
          if (value == null) { return this.tween(key, null); }
          if (typeof value !== "function") { throw new Error; }
          return this.tween(key, styleTween(name, value, priority == null ? "" : priority));
        }

        function textConstant$1(value) {
          return function() {
            this.textContent = value;
          };
        }

        function textFunction$1(value) {
          return function() {
            var value1 = value(this);
            this.textContent = value1 == null ? "" : value1;
          };
        }

        function transition_text(value) {
          return this.tween("text", typeof value === "function"
              ? textFunction$1(tweenValue(this, "text", value))
              : textConstant$1(value == null ? "" : value + ""));
        }

        function textInterpolate(i) {
          return function(t) {
            this.textContent = i.call(this, t);
          };
        }

        function textTween(value) {
          var t0, i0;
          function tween() {
            var i = value.apply(this, arguments);
            if (i !== i0) { t0 = (i0 = i) && textInterpolate(i); }
            return t0;
          }
          tween._value = value;
          return tween;
        }

        function transition_textTween(value) {
          var key = "text";
          if (arguments.length < 1) { return (key = this.tween(key)) && key._value; }
          if (value == null) { return this.tween(key, null); }
          if (typeof value !== "function") { throw new Error; }
          return this.tween(key, textTween(value));
        }

        function transition_transition() {
          var name = this._name,
              id0 = this._id,
              id1 = newId();

          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group[i]) {
                var inherit = get$2(node, id0);
                schedule(node, name, id1, i, group, {
                  time: inherit.time + inherit.delay + inherit.duration,
                  delay: 0,
                  duration: inherit.duration,
                  ease: inherit.ease
                });
              }
            }
          }

          return new Transition(groups, this._parents, name, id1);
        }

        function transition_end() {
          var on0, on1, that = this, id = that._id, size = that.size();
          return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
            var cancel = {value: reject},
                end = {value: function() { if (--size === 0) { resolve(); } }};

            that.each(function() {
              var schedule = set$1(this, id),
                  on = schedule.on;

              // If this node shared a dispatch with the previous node,
              // just assign the updated shared dispatch and we’re done!
              // Otherwise, copy-on-write.
              if (on !== on0) {
                on1 = (on0 = on).copy();
                on1._.cancel.push(cancel);
                on1._.interrupt.push(cancel);
                on1._.end.push(end);
              }

              schedule.on = on1;
            });
          });
        }

        var id$3 = 0;

        function Transition(groups, parents, name, id) {
          this._groups = groups;
          this._parents = parents;
          this._name = name;
          this._id = id;
        }

        function transition(name) {
          return selection().transition(name);
        }

        function newId() {
          return ++id$3;
        }

        var selection_prototype = selection.prototype;

        Transition.prototype = transition.prototype = {
          constructor: Transition,
          select: transition_select,
          selectAll: transition_selectAll,
          filter: transition_filter,
          merge: transition_merge,
          selection: transition_selection,
          transition: transition_transition,
          call: selection_prototype.call,
          nodes: selection_prototype.nodes,
          node: selection_prototype.node,
          size: selection_prototype.size,
          empty: selection_prototype.empty,
          each: selection_prototype.each,
          on: transition_on,
          attr: transition_attr,
          attrTween: transition_attrTween,
          style: transition_style,
          styleTween: transition_styleTween,
          text: transition_text,
          textTween: transition_textTween,
          remove: transition_remove,
          tween: transition_tween,
          delay: transition_delay,
          duration: transition_duration,
          ease: transition_ease,
          end: transition_end
        };

        function linear$1(t) {
          return +t;
        }

        function cubicInOut(t) {
          return ((t *= 2) <= 1 ? t * t * t : (t -= 2) * t * t + 2) / 2;
        }

        var defaultTiming = {
          time: null, // Set on use.
          delay: 0,
          duration: 250,
          ease: cubicInOut
        };

        function inherit(node, id) {
          var timing;
          while (!(timing = node.__transition) || !(timing = timing[id])) {
            if (!(node = node.parentNode)) {
              return defaultTiming.time = now(), defaultTiming;
            }
          }
          return timing;
        }

        function selection_transition(name) {
          var id,
              timing;

          if (name instanceof Transition) {
            id = name._id, name = name._name;
          } else {
            id = newId(), (timing = defaultTiming).time = now(), name = name == null ? null : name + "";
          }

          for (var groups = this._groups, m = groups.length, j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
            for (var group = groups[j], n = group.length, node, i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              if (node = group[i]) {
                schedule(node, name, id, i, group, timing || inherit(node, id));
              }
            }
          }

          return new Transition(groups, this._parents, name, id);
        }

        selection.prototype.interrupt = selection_interrupt;
        selection.prototype.transition = selection_transition;

        function constant$3(x) {
          return function() {
            return x;
          };
        }

        function ZoomEvent(target, type, transform) {
          this.target = target;
          this.type = type;
          this.transform = transform;
        }

        function Transform(k, x, y) {
          this.k = k;
          this.x = x;
          this.y = y;
        }

        Transform.prototype = {
          constructor: Transform,
          scale: function(k) {
            return k === 1 ? this : new Transform(this.k * k, this.x, this.y);
          },
          translate: function(x, y) {
            return x === 0 & y === 0 ? this : new Transform(this.k, this.x + this.k * x, this.y + this.k * y);
          },
          apply: function(point) {
            return [point[0] * this.k + this.x, point[1] * this.k + this.y];
          },
          applyX: function(x) {
            return x * this.k + this.x;
          },
          applyY: function(y) {
            return y * this.k + this.y;
          },
          invert: function(location) {
            return [(location[0] - this.x) / this.k, (location[1] - this.y) / this.k];
          },
          invertX: function(x) {
            return (x - this.x) / this.k;
          },
          invertY: function(y) {
            return (y - this.y) / this.k;
          },
          rescaleX: function(x) {
            return x.copy().domain(x.range().map(this.invertX, this).map(x.invert, x));
          },
          rescaleY: function(y) {
            return y.copy().domain(y.range().map(this.invertY, this).map(y.invert, y));
          },
          toString: function() {
            return "translate(" + this.x + "," + this.y + ") scale(" + this.k + ")";
          }
        };

        var identity$2 = new Transform(1, 0, 0);

        function nopropagation$1() {
          event.stopImmediatePropagation();
        }

        function noevent$1() {
          event.preventDefault();
          event.stopImmediatePropagation();
        }

        // Ignore right-click, since that should open the context menu.
        function defaultFilter$1() {
          return !event.ctrlKey && !event.button;
        }

        function defaultExtent() {
          var e = this;
          if (e instanceof SVGElement) {
            e = e.ownerSVGElement || e;
            if (e.hasAttribute("viewBox")) {
              e = e.viewBox.baseVal;
              return [[e.x, e.y], [e.x + e.width, e.y + e.height]];
            }
            return [[0, 0], [e.width.baseVal.value, e.height.baseVal.value]];
          }
          return [[0, 0], [e.clientWidth, e.clientHeight]];
        }

        function defaultTransform() {
          return this.__zoom || identity$2;
        }

        function defaultWheelDelta() {
          return -event.deltaY * (event.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.05 : event.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.002);
        }

        function defaultTouchable$1() {
          return navigator.maxTouchPoints || ("ontouchstart" in this);
        }

        function defaultConstrain(transform, extent, translateExtent) {
          var dx0 = transform.invertX(extent[0][0]) - translateExtent[0][0],
              dx1 = transform.invertX(extent[1][0]) - translateExtent[1][0],
              dy0 = transform.invertY(extent[0][1]) - translateExtent[0][1],
              dy1 = transform.invertY(extent[1][1]) - translateExtent[1][1];
          return transform.translate(
            dx1 > dx0 ? (dx0 + dx1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dx0) || Math.max(0, dx1),
            dy1 > dy0 ? (dy0 + dy1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dy0) || Math.max(0, dy1)
          );
        }

        function d3_zoom() {
          var filter = defaultFilter$1,
              extent = defaultExtent,
              constrain = defaultConstrain,
              wheelDelta = defaultWheelDelta,
              touchable = defaultTouchable$1,
              scaleExtent = [0, Infinity],
              translateExtent = [[-Infinity, -Infinity], [Infinity, Infinity]],
              duration = 250,
              interpolate = interpolateZoom,
              listeners = dispatch("start", "zoom", "end"),
              touchstarting,
              touchending,
              touchDelay = 500,
              wheelDelay = 150,
              clickDistance2 = 0;

          function zoom(selection) {
            selection
                .property("__zoom", defaultTransform)
                .on("wheel.zoom", wheeled)
                .on("mousedown.zoom", mousedowned)
                .on("dblclick.zoom", dblclicked)
              .filter(touchable)
                .on("touchstart.zoom", touchstarted)
                .on("touchmove.zoom", touchmoved)
                .on("touchend.zoom touchcancel.zoom", touchended)
                .style("touch-action", "none")
                .style("-webkit-tap-highlight-color", "rgba(0,0,0,0)");
          }

          zoom.transform = function(collection, transform, point) {
            var selection = collection.selection ? collection.selection() : collection;
            selection.property("__zoom", defaultTransform);
            if (collection !== selection) {
              schedule(collection, transform, point);
            } else {
              selection.interrupt().each(function() {
                gesture(this, arguments)
                    .start()
                    .zoom(null, typeof transform === "function" ? transform.apply(this, arguments) : transform)
                    .end();
              });
            }
          };

          zoom.scaleBy = function(selection, k, p) {
            zoom.scaleTo(selection, function() {
              var k0 = this.__zoom.k,
                  k1 = typeof k === "function" ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
              return k0 * k1;
            }, p);
          };

          zoom.scaleTo = function(selection, k, p) {
            zoom.transform(selection, function() {
              var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
                  t0 = this.__zoom,
                  p0 = p == null ? centroid(e) : typeof p === "function" ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p,
                  p1 = t0.invert(p0),
                  k1 = typeof k === "function" ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
              return constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), e, translateExtent);
            }, p);
          };

          zoom.translateBy = function(selection, x, y) {
            zoom.transform(selection, function() {
              return constrain(this.__zoom.translate(
                typeof x === "function" ? x.apply(this, arguments) : x,
                typeof y === "function" ? y.apply(this, arguments) : y
              ), extent.apply(this, arguments), translateExtent);
            });
          };

          zoom.translateTo = function(selection, x, y, p) {
            zoom.transform(selection, function() {
              var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
                  t = this.__zoom,
                  p0 = p == null ? centroid(e) : typeof p === "function" ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p;
              return constrain(identity$2.translate(p0[0], p0[1]).scale(t.k).translate(
                typeof x === "function" ? -x.apply(this, arguments) : -x,
                typeof y === "function" ? -y.apply(this, arguments) : -y
              ), e, translateExtent);
            }, p);
          };

          function scale(transform, k) {
            k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], k));
            return k === transform.k ? transform : new Transform(k, transform.x, transform.y);
          }

          function translate(transform, p0, p1) {
            var x = p0[0] - p1[0] * transform.k, y = p0[1] - p1[1] * transform.k;
            return x === transform.x && y === transform.y ? transform : new Transform(transform.k, x, y);
          }

          function centroid(extent) {
            return [(+extent[0][0] + +extent[1][0]) / 2, (+extent[0][1] + +extent[1][1]) / 2];
          }

          function schedule(transition, transform, point) {
            transition
                .on("start.zoom", function() { gesture(this, arguments).start(); })
                .on("interrupt.zoom end.zoom", function() { gesture(this, arguments).end(); })
                .tween("zoom", function() {
                  var that = this,
                      args = arguments,
                      g = gesture(that, args),
                      e = extent.apply(that, args),
                      p = point == null ? centroid(e) : typeof point === "function" ? point.apply(that, args) : point,
                      w = Math.max(e[1][0] - e[0][0], e[1][1] - e[0][1]),
                      a = that.__zoom,
                      b = typeof transform === "function" ? transform.apply(that, args) : transform,
                      i = interpolate(a.invert(p).concat(w / a.k), b.invert(p).concat(w / b.k));
                  return function(t) {
                    if (t === 1) { t = b; } // Avoid rounding error on end.
                    else { var l = i(t), k = w / l[2]; t = new Transform(k, p[0] - l[0] * k, p[1] - l[1] * k); }
                    g.zoom(null, t);
                  };
                });
          }

          function gesture(that, args, clean) {
            return (!clean && that.__zooming) || new Gesture(that, args);
          }

          function Gesture(that, args) {
            this.that = that;
            this.args = args;
            this.active = 0;
            this.extent = extent.apply(that, args);
            this.taps = 0;
          }

          Gesture.prototype = {
            start: function() {
              if (++this.active === 1) {
                this.that.__zooming = this;
                this.emit("start");
              }
              return this;
            },
            zoom: function(key, transform) {
              if (this.mouse && key !== "mouse") { this.mouse[1] = transform.invert(this.mouse[0]); }
              if (this.touch0 && key !== "touch") { this.touch0[1] = transform.invert(this.touch0[0]); }
              if (this.touch1 && key !== "touch") { this.touch1[1] = transform.invert(this.touch1[0]); }
              this.that.__zoom = transform;
              this.emit("zoom");
              return this;
            },
            end: function() {
              if (--this.active === 0) {
                delete this.that.__zooming;
                this.emit("end");
              }
              return this;
            },
            emit: function(type) {
              customEvent(new ZoomEvent(zoom, type, this.that.__zoom), listeners.apply, listeners, [type, this.that, this.args]);
            }
          };

          function wheeled() {
            if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) { return; }
            var g = gesture(this, arguments),
                t = this.__zoom,
                k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], t.k * Math.pow(2, wheelDelta.apply(this, arguments)))),
                p = mouse(this);

            // If the mouse is in the same location as before, reuse it.
            // If there were recent wheel events, reset the wheel idle timeout.
            if (g.wheel) {
              if (g.mouse[0][0] !== p[0] || g.mouse[0][1] !== p[1]) {
                g.mouse[1] = t.invert(g.mouse[0] = p);
              }
              clearTimeout(g.wheel);
            }

            // If this wheel event won’t trigger a transform change, ignore it.
            else if (t.k === k) { return; }

            // Otherwise, capture the mouse point and location at the start.
            else {
              g.mouse = [p, t.invert(p)];
              interrupt(this);
              g.start();
            }

            noevent$1();
            g.wheel = setTimeout(wheelidled, wheelDelay);
            g.zoom("mouse", constrain(translate(scale(t, k), g.mouse[0], g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));

            function wheelidled() {
              g.wheel = null;
              g.end();
            }
          }

          function mousedowned() {
            if (touchending || !filter.apply(this, arguments)) { return; }
            var g = gesture(this, arguments, true),
                v = select(event.view).on("mousemove.zoom", mousemoved, true).on("mouseup.zoom", mouseupped, true),
                p = mouse(this),
                x0 = event.clientX,
                y0 = event.clientY;

            dragDisable(event.view);
            nopropagation$1();
            g.mouse = [p, this.__zoom.invert(p)];
            interrupt(this);
            g.start();

            function mousemoved() {
              noevent$1();
              if (!g.moved) {
                var dx = event.clientX - x0, dy = event.clientY - y0;
                g.moved = dx * dx + dy * dy > clickDistance2;
              }
              g.zoom("mouse", constrain(translate(g.that.__zoom, g.mouse[0] = mouse(g.that), g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));
            }

            function mouseupped() {
              v.on("mousemove.zoom mouseup.zoom", null);
              yesdrag(event.view, g.moved);
              noevent$1();
              g.end();
            }
          }

          function dblclicked() {
            if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) { return; }
            var t0 = this.__zoom,
                p0 = mouse(this),
                p1 = t0.invert(p0),
                k1 = t0.k * (event.shiftKey ? 0.5 : 2),
                t1 = constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), extent.apply(this, arguments), translateExtent);

            noevent$1();
            if (duration > 0) { select(this).transition().duration(duration).call(schedule, t1, p0); }
            else { select(this).call(zoom.transform, t1); }
          }

          function touchstarted() {
            if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) { return; }
            var touches = event.touches,
                n = touches.length,
                g = gesture(this, arguments, event.changedTouches.length === n),
                started, i, t, p;

            nopropagation$1();
            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              t = touches[i], p = touch(this, touches, t.identifier);
              p = [p, this.__zoom.invert(p), t.identifier];
              if (!g.touch0) { g.touch0 = p, started = true, g.taps = 1 + !!touchstarting; }
              else if (!g.touch1 && g.touch0[2] !== p[2]) { g.touch1 = p, g.taps = 0; }
            }

            if (touchstarting) { touchstarting = clearTimeout(touchstarting); }

            if (started) {
              if (g.taps < 2) { touchstarting = setTimeout(function() { touchstarting = null; }, touchDelay); }
              interrupt(this);
              g.start();
            }
          }

          function touchmoved() {
            if (!this.__zooming) { return; }
            var g = gesture(this, arguments),
                touches = event.changedTouches,
                n = touches.length, i, t, p, l;

            noevent$1();
            if (touchstarting) { touchstarting = clearTimeout(touchstarting); }
            g.taps = 0;
            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              t = touches[i], p = touch(this, touches, t.identifier);
              if (g.touch0 && g.touch0[2] === t.identifier) { g.touch0[0] = p; }
              else if (g.touch1 && g.touch1[2] === t.identifier) { g.touch1[0] = p; }
            }
            t = g.that.__zoom;
            if (g.touch1) {
              var p0 = g.touch0[0], l0 = g.touch0[1],
                  p1 = g.touch1[0], l1 = g.touch1[1],
                  dp = (dp = p1[0] - p0[0]) * dp + (dp = p1[1] - p0[1]) * dp,
                  dl = (dl = l1[0] - l0[0]) * dl + (dl = l1[1] - l0[1]) * dl;
              t = scale(t, Math.sqrt(dp / dl));
              p = [(p0[0] + p1[0]) / 2, (p0[1] + p1[1]) / 2];
              l = [(l0[0] + l1[0]) / 2, (l0[1] + l1[1]) / 2];
            }
            else if (g.touch0) { p = g.touch0[0], l = g.touch0[1]; }
            else { return; }
            g.zoom("touch", constrain(translate(t, p, l), g.extent, translateExtent));
          }

          function touchended() {
            if (!this.__zooming) { return; }
            var g = gesture(this, arguments),
                touches = event.changedTouches,
                n = touches.length, i, t;

            nopropagation$1();
            if (touchending) { clearTimeout(touchending); }
            touchending = setTimeout(function() { touchending = null; }, touchDelay);
            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
              t = touches[i];
              if (g.touch0 && g.touch0[2] === t.identifier) { delete g.touch0; }
              else if (g.touch1 && g.touch1[2] === t.identifier) { delete g.touch1; }
            }
            if (g.touch1 && !g.touch0) { g.touch0 = g.touch1, delete g.touch1; }
            if (g.touch0) { g.touch0[1] = this.__zoom.invert(g.touch0[0]); }
            else {
              g.end();
              // If this was a dbltap, reroute to the (optional) dblclick.zoom handler.
              if (g.taps === 2) {
                var p = select(this).on("dblclick.zoom");
                if (p) { p.apply(this, arguments); }
              }
            }
          }

          zoom.wheelDelta = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (wheelDelta = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3(+_), zoom) : wheelDelta;
          };

          zoom.filter = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (filter = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3(!!_), zoom) : filter;
          };

          zoom.touchable = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (touchable = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3(!!_), zoom) : touchable;
          };

          zoom.extent = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (extent = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant$3([[+_[0][0], +_[0][1]], [+_[1][0], +_[1][1]]]), zoom) : extent;
          };

          zoom.scaleExtent = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (scaleExtent[0] = +_[0], scaleExtent[1] = +_[1], zoom) : [scaleExtent[0], scaleExtent[1]];
          };

          zoom.translateExtent = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (translateExtent[0][0] = +_[0][0], translateExtent[1][0] = +_[1][0], translateExtent[0][1] = +_[0][1], translateExtent[1][1] = +_[1][1], zoom) : [[translateExtent[0][0], translateExtent[0][1]], [translateExtent[1][0], translateExtent[1][1]]];
          };

          zoom.constrain = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (constrain = _, zoom) : constrain;
          };

          zoom.duration = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (duration = +_, zoom) : duration;
          };

          zoom.interpolate = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (interpolate = _, zoom) : interpolate;
          };

          zoom.on = function() {
            var value = listeners.on.apply(listeners, arguments);
            return value === listeners ? zoom : value;
          };

          zoom.clickDistance = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (clickDistance2 = (_ = +_) * _, zoom) : Math.sqrt(clickDistance2);
          };

          return zoom;
        }

        /*
            Bypasses features of D3's default projection stream pipeline that are unnecessary:
            * Antimeridian clipping
            * Spherical rotation
            * Resampling
        */
        function geoRawMercator() {
            var project = mercatorRaw;
            var k = 512 / Math.PI; // scale
            var x = 0;
            var y = 0; // translate
            var clipExtent = [[0, 0], [0, 0]];


            function projection(point) {
                point = project(point[0] * Math.PI / 180, point[1] * Math.PI / 180);
                return [point[0] * k + x, y - point[1] * k];
            }


            projection.invert = function(point) {
                point = project.invert((point[0] - x) / k, (y - point[1]) / k);
                return point && [point[0] * 180 / Math.PI, point[1] * 180 / Math.PI];
            };


            projection.scale = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return k; }
                k = +_;
                return projection;
            };


            projection.translate = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return [x, y]; }
                x = +_[0];
                y = +_[1];
                return projection;
            };


            projection.clipExtent = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return clipExtent; }
                clipExtent = _;
                return projection;
            };


            projection.transform = function(obj) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return identity$2.translate(x, y).scale(k); }
                x = +obj.x;
                y = +obj.y;
                k = +obj.k;
                return projection;
            };


            projection.stream = d3_geoTransform({
                point: function(x, y) {
                    var vec = projection([x, y]);
                    this.stream.point(vec[0], vec[1]);
                }
            }).stream;


            return projection;
        }

        function geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin) {
            if (geoVecEqual(origin, a) || geoVecEqual(origin, b)) {
                return 1;  // coincident points, treat as straight and try to remove
            }
            return geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin);
        }


        function geoOrthoFilterDotProduct(dotp, epsilon, lowerThreshold, upperThreshold, allowStraightAngles) {
            var val = Math.abs(dotp);
            if (val < epsilon) {
                return 0;      // already orthogonal
            } else if (allowStraightAngles && Math.abs(val-1) < epsilon) {
                return 0;      // straight angle, which is okay in this case
            } else if (val < lowerThreshold || val > upperThreshold) {
                return dotp;   // can be adjusted
            } else {
                return null;   // ignore vertex
            }
        }


        function geoOrthoCalcScore(points, isClosed, epsilon, threshold) {
            var score = 0;
            var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
            var last = isClosed ? points.length : points.length - 1;
            var coords = points.map(function(p) { return p.coord; });

            var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
            var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);

            for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
                var a = coords[(i - 1 + coords.length) % coords.length];
                var origin = coords[i];
                var b = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];

                var dotp = geoOrthoFilterDotProduct(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin), epsilon, lowerThreshold, upperThreshold);
                if (dotp === null) { continue; }    // ignore vertex
                score = score + 2.0 * Math.min(Math.abs(dotp - 1.0), Math.min(Math.abs(dotp), Math.abs(dotp + 1)));
            }

            return score;
        }

        // returns the maximum angle less than `lessThan` between the actual corner and a 0° or 90° corner
        function geoOrthoMaxOffsetAngle(coords, isClosed, lessThan) {
            var max = -Infinity;

            var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
            var last = isClosed ? coords.length : coords.length - 1;

            for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
                var a = coords[(i - 1 + coords.length) % coords.length];
                var origin = coords[i];
                var b = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];
                var normalizedDotP = geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin);

                var angle = Math.acos(Math.abs(normalizedDotP)) * 180 / Math.PI;

                if (angle > 45) { angle = 90 - angle; }

                if (angle >= lessThan) { continue; }

                if (angle > max) { max = angle; }
            }

            if (max === -Infinity) { return null; }

            return max;
        }


        // similar to geoOrthoCalcScore, but returns quickly if there is something to do
        function geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(coords, isClosed, epsilon, threshold, allowStraightAngles) {
            var score = null;
            var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
            var last = isClosed ? coords.length : coords.length - 1;

            var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
            var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);

            for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
                var a = coords[(i - 1 + coords.length) % coords.length];
                var origin = coords[i];
                var b = coords[(i + 1) % coords.length];

                var dotp = geoOrthoFilterDotProduct(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a, b, origin), epsilon, lowerThreshold, upperThreshold, allowStraightAngles);
                if (dotp === null) { continue; }        // ignore vertex
                if (Math.abs(dotp) > 0) { return 1; }   // something to do
                score = 0;                          // already square
            }

            return score;
        }

        // Returns true if a and b have the same elements at the same indices.
        function utilArrayIdentical(a, b) {
            // an array is always identical to itself
            if (a === b) { return true; }

            var i = a.length;
            if (i !== b.length) { return false; }
            while (i--) {
                if (a[i] !== b[i]) { return false; }
            }
            return true;
        }

        // http://2ality.com/2015/01/es6-set-operations.html

        // Difference (a \ b): create a set that contains those elements of set a that are not in set b.
        // This operation is also sometimes called minus (-).
        // var a = [1,2,3];
        // var b = [4,3,2];
        // utilArrayDifference(a, b)
        //   [1]
        // utilArrayDifference(b, a)
        //   [4]
        function utilArrayDifference(a, b) {
            var other = new Set(b);
            return Array.from(new Set(a))
                .filter(function(v) { return !other.has(v); });
        }

        // Intersection (a ∩ b): create a set that contains those elements of set a that are also in set b.
        // var a = [1,2,3];
        // var b = [4,3,2];
        // utilArrayIntersection(a, b)
        //   [2,3]
        function utilArrayIntersection(a, b) {
            var other = new Set(b);
            return Array.from(new Set(a))
                .filter(function(v) { return other.has(v); });
        }

        // Union (a ∪ b): create a set that contains the elements of both set a and set b.
        // var a = [1,2,3];
        // var b = [4,3,2];
        // utilArrayUnion(a, b)
        //   [1,2,3,4]
        function utilArrayUnion(a, b) {
            var result = new Set(a);
            b.forEach(function(v) { result.add(v); });
            return Array.from(result);
        }

        // Returns an Array with all the duplicates removed
        // var a = [1,1,2,3,3];
        // utilArrayUniq(a)
        //   [1,2,3]
        function utilArrayUniq(a) {
            return Array.from(new Set(a));
        }


        // Splits array into chunks of given chunk size
        // var a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7];
        // utilArrayChunk(a, 3);
        //   [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7]];
        function utilArrayChunk(a, chunkSize) {
            if (!chunkSize || chunkSize < 0) { return [a.slice()]; }

            var result = new Array(Math.ceil(a.length / chunkSize));
            return Array.from(result, function(item, i) {
                return a.slice(i * chunkSize, i * chunkSize + chunkSize);
            });
        }


        // Flattens two level array into a single level
        // var a = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7]];
        // utilArrayFlatten(a);
        //   [1,2,3,4,5,6,7];
        function utilArrayFlatten(a) {
            return a.reduce(function(acc, val) {
                return acc.concat(val);
            }, []);
        }


        // Groups the items of the Array according to the given key
        // `key` can be passed as a property or as a key function
        //
        // var pets = [
        //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
        //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' },
        //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover' },
        //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo' }
        // ];
        //
        // utilArrayGroupBy(pets, 'type')
        //   {
        //     'Dog': [{type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot'}, {type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover'}],
        //     'Cat': [{type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger'}, {type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo'}]
        //   }
        //
        // utilArrayGroupBy(pets, function(item) { return item.name.length; })
        //   {
        //     3: [{type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo'}],
        //     4: [{type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot'}],
        //     5: [{type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger'}, {type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover'}]
        //   }
        function utilArrayGroupBy(a, key) {
            return a.reduce(function(acc, item) {
                var group = (typeof key === 'function') ? key(item) : item[key];
                (acc[group] = acc[group] || []).push(item);
                return acc;
            }, {});
        }


        // Returns an Array with all the duplicates removed
        // where uniqueness determined by the given key
        // `key` can be passed as a property or as a key function
        //
        // var pets = [
        //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
        //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' },
        //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Rover' },
        //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo' }
        // ];
        //
        // utilArrayUniqBy(pets, 'type')
        //   [
        //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
        //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' }
        //   ]
        //
        // utilArrayUniqBy(pets, function(item) { return item.name.length; })
        //   [
        //     { type: 'Dog', name: 'Spot' },
        //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Tiger' },
        //     { type: 'Cat', name: 'Leo' }
        //   }
        function utilArrayUniqBy(a, key) {
            var seen = new Set();
            return a.reduce(function(acc, item) {
                var val = (typeof key === 'function') ? key(item) : item[key];
                if (val && !seen.has(val)) {
                    seen.add(val);
                    acc.push(item);
                }
                return acc;
            }, []);
        }

        var remove$1 = removeDiacritics;

        var replacementList = [
          {
            base: ' ',
            chars: "\u00A0",
          }, {
            base: '0',
            chars: "\u07C0",
          }, {
            base: 'A',
            chars: "\u24B6\uFF21\u00C0\u00C1\u00C2\u1EA6\u1EA4\u1EAA\u1EA8\u00C3\u0100\u0102\u1EB0\u1EAE\u1EB4\u1EB2\u0226\u01E0\u00C4\u01DE\u1EA2\u00C5\u01FA\u01CD\u0200\u0202\u1EA0\u1EAC\u1EB6\u1E00\u0104\u023A\u2C6F",
          }, {
            base: 'AA',
            chars: "\uA732",
          }, {
            base: 'AE',
            chars: "\u00C6\u01FC\u01E2",
          }, {
            base: 'AO',
            chars: "\uA734",
          }, {
            base: 'AU',
            chars: "\uA736",
          }, {
            base: 'AV',
            chars: "\uA738\uA73A",
          }, {
            base: 'AY',
            chars: "\uA73C",
          }, {
            base: 'B',
            chars: "\u24B7\uFF22\u1E02\u1E04\u1E06\u0243\u0181",
          }, {
            base: 'C',
            chars: "\u24b8\uff23\uA73E\u1E08\u0106\u0043\u0108\u010A\u010C\u00C7\u0187\u023B",
          }, {
            base: 'D',
            chars: "\u24B9\uFF24\u1E0A\u010E\u1E0C\u1E10\u1E12\u1E0E\u0110\u018A\u0189\u1D05\uA779",
          }, {
            base: 'Dh',
            chars: "\u00D0",
          }, {
            base: 'DZ',
            chars: "\u01F1\u01C4",
          }, {
            base: 'Dz',
            chars: "\u01F2\u01C5",
          }, {
            base: 'E',
            chars: "\u025B\u24BA\uFF25\u00C8\u00C9\u00CA\u1EC0\u1EBE\u1EC4\u1EC2\u1EBC\u0112\u1E14\u1E16\u0114\u0116\u00CB\u1EBA\u011A\u0204\u0206\u1EB8\u1EC6\u0228\u1E1C\u0118\u1E18\u1E1A\u0190\u018E\u1D07",
          }, {
            base: 'F',
            chars: "\uA77C\u24BB\uFF26\u1E1E\u0191\uA77B",
          }, {
            base: 'G',
            chars: "\u24BC\uFF27\u01F4\u011C\u1E20\u011E\u0120\u01E6\u0122\u01E4\u0193\uA7A0\uA77D\uA77E\u0262",
          }, {
            base: 'H',
            chars: "\u24BD\uFF28\u0124\u1E22\u1E26\u021E\u1E24\u1E28\u1E2A\u0126\u2C67\u2C75\uA78D",
          }, {
            base: 'I',
            chars: "\u24BE\uFF29\xCC\xCD\xCE\u0128\u012A\u012C\u0130\xCF\u1E2E\u1EC8\u01CF\u0208\u020A\u1ECA\u012E\u1E2C\u0197",
          }, {
            base: 'J',
            chars: "\u24BF\uFF2A\u0134\u0248\u0237",
          }, {
            base: 'K',
            chars: "\u24C0\uFF2B\u1E30\u01E8\u1E32\u0136\u1E34\u0198\u2C69\uA740\uA742\uA744\uA7A2",
          }, {
            base: 'L',
            chars: "\u24C1\uFF2C\u013F\u0139\u013D\u1E36\u1E38\u013B\u1E3C\u1E3A\u0141\u023D\u2C62\u2C60\uA748\uA746\uA780",
          }, {
            base: 'LJ',
            chars: "\u01C7",
          }, {
            base: 'Lj',
            chars: "\u01C8",
          }, {
            base: 'M',
            chars: "\u24C2\uFF2D\u1E3E\u1E40\u1E42\u2C6E\u019C\u03FB",
          }, {
            base: 'N',
            chars: "\uA7A4\u0220\u24C3\uFF2E\u01F8\u0143\xD1\u1E44\u0147\u1E46\u0145\u1E4A\u1E48\u019D\uA790\u1D0E",
          }, {
            base: 'NJ',
            chars: "\u01CA",
          }, {
            base: 'Nj',
            chars: "\u01CB",
          }, {
            base: 'O',
            chars: "\u24C4\uFF2F\xD2\xD3\xD4\u1ED2\u1ED0\u1ED6\u1ED4\xD5\u1E4C\u022C\u1E4E\u014C\u1E50\u1E52\u014E\u022E\u0230\xD6\u022A\u1ECE\u0150\u01D1\u020C\u020E\u01A0\u1EDC\u1EDA\u1EE0\u1EDE\u1EE2\u1ECC\u1ED8\u01EA\u01EC\xD8\u01FE\u0186\u019F\uA74A\uA74C",
          }, {
            base: 'OE',
            chars: "\u0152",
          }, {
            base: 'OI',
            chars: "\u01A2",
          }, {
            base: 'OO',
            chars: "\uA74E",
          }, {
            base: 'OU',
            chars: "\u0222",
          }, {
            base: 'P',
            chars: "\u24C5\uFF30\u1E54\u1E56\u01A4\u2C63\uA750\uA752\uA754",
          }, {
            base: 'Q',
            chars: "\u24C6\uFF31\uA756\uA758\u024A",
          }, {
            base: 'R',
            chars: "\u24C7\uFF32\u0154\u1E58\u0158\u0210\u0212\u1E5A\u1E5C\u0156\u1E5E\u024C\u2C64\uA75A\uA7A6\uA782",
          }, {
            base: 'S',
            chars: "\u24C8\uFF33\u1E9E\u015A\u1E64\u015C\u1E60\u0160\u1E66\u1E62\u1E68\u0218\u015E\u2C7E\uA7A8\uA784",
          }, {
            base: 'T',
            chars: "\u24C9\uFF34\u1E6A\u0164\u1E6C\u021A\u0162\u1E70\u1E6E\u0166\u01AC\u01AE\u023E\uA786",
          }, {
            base: 'Th',
            chars: "\u00DE",
          }, {
            base: 'TZ',
            chars: "\uA728",
          }, {
            base: 'U',
            chars: "\u24CA\uFF35\xD9\xDA\xDB\u0168\u1E78\u016A\u1E7A\u016C\xDC\u01DB\u01D7\u01D5\u01D9\u1EE6\u016E\u0170\u01D3\u0214\u0216\u01AF\u1EEA\u1EE8\u1EEE\u1EEC\u1EF0\u1EE4\u1E72\u0172\u1E76\u1E74\u0244",
          }, {
            base: 'V',
            chars: "\u24CB\uFF36\u1E7C\u1E7E\u01B2\uA75E\u0245",
          }, {
            base: 'VY',
            chars: "\uA760",
          }, {
            base: 'W',
            chars: "\u24CC\uFF37\u1E80\u1E82\u0174\u1E86\u1E84\u1E88\u2C72",
          }, {
            base: 'X',
            chars: "\u24CD\uFF38\u1E8A\u1E8C",
          }, {
            base: 'Y',
            chars: "\u24CE\uFF39\u1EF2\xDD\u0176\u1EF8\u0232\u1E8E\u0178\u1EF6\u1EF4\u01B3\u024E\u1EFE",
          }, {
            base: 'Z',
            chars: "\u24CF\uFF3A\u0179\u1E90\u017B\u017D\u1E92\u1E94\u01B5\u0224\u2C7F\u2C6B\uA762",
          }, {
            base: 'a',
            chars: "\u24D0\uFF41\u1E9A\u00E0\u00E1\u00E2\u1EA7\u1EA5\u1EAB\u1EA9\u00E3\u0101\u0103\u1EB1\u1EAF\u1EB5\u1EB3\u0227\u01E1\u00E4\u01DF\u1EA3\u00E5\u01FB\u01CE\u0201\u0203\u1EA1\u1EAD\u1EB7\u1E01\u0105\u2C65\u0250\u0251",
          }, {
            base: 'aa',
            chars: "\uA733",
          }, {
            base: 'ae',
            chars: "\u00E6\u01FD\u01E3",
          }, {
            base: 'ao',
            chars: "\uA735",
          }, {
            base: 'au',
            chars: "\uA737",
          }, {
            base: 'av',
            chars: "\uA739\uA73B",
          }, {
            base: 'ay',
            chars: "\uA73D",
          }, {
            base: 'b',
            chars: "\u24D1\uFF42\u1E03\u1E05\u1E07\u0180\u0183\u0253\u0182",
          }, {
            base: 'c',
            chars: "\uFF43\u24D2\u0107\u0109\u010B\u010D\u00E7\u1E09\u0188\u023C\uA73F\u2184",
          }, {
            base: 'd',
            chars: "\u24D3\uFF44\u1E0B\u010F\u1E0D\u1E11\u1E13\u1E0F\u0111\u018C\u0256\u0257\u018B\u13E7\u0501\uA7AA",
          }, {
            base: 'dh',
            chars: "\u00F0",
          }, {
            base: 'dz',
            chars: "\u01F3\u01C6",
          }, {
            base: 'e',
            chars: "\u24D4\uFF45\u00E8\u00E9\u00EA\u1EC1\u1EBF\u1EC5\u1EC3\u1EBD\u0113\u1E15\u1E17\u0115\u0117\u00EB\u1EBB\u011B\u0205\u0207\u1EB9\u1EC7\u0229\u1E1D\u0119\u1E19\u1E1B\u0247\u01DD",
          }, {
            base: 'f',
            chars: "\u24D5\uFF46\u1E1F\u0192",
          }, {
            base: 'ff',
            chars: "\uFB00",
          }, {
            base: 'fi',
            chars: "\uFB01",
          }, {
            base: 'fl',
            chars: "\uFB02",
          }, {
            base: 'ffi',
            chars: "\uFB03",
          }, {
            base: 'ffl',
            chars: "\uFB04",
          }, {
            base: 'g',
            chars: "\u24D6\uFF47\u01F5\u011D\u1E21\u011F\u0121\u01E7\u0123\u01E5\u0260\uA7A1\uA77F\u1D79",
          }, {
            base: 'h',
            chars: "\u24D7\uFF48\u0125\u1E23\u1E27\u021F\u1E25\u1E29\u1E2B\u1E96\u0127\u2C68\u2C76\u0265",
          }, {
            base: 'hv',
            chars: "\u0195",
          }, {
            base: 'i',
            chars: "\u24D8\uFF49\xEC\xED\xEE\u0129\u012B\u012D\xEF\u1E2F\u1EC9\u01D0\u0209\u020B\u1ECB\u012F\u1E2D\u0268\u0131",
          }, {
            base: 'j',
            chars: "\u24D9\uFF4A\u0135\u01F0\u0249",
          }, {
            base: 'k',
            chars: "\u24DA\uFF4B\u1E31\u01E9\u1E33\u0137\u1E35\u0199\u2C6A\uA741\uA743\uA745\uA7A3",
          }, {
            base: 'l',
            chars: "\u24DB\uFF4C\u0140\u013A\u013E\u1E37\u1E39\u013C\u1E3D\u1E3B\u017F\u0142\u019A\u026B\u2C61\uA749\uA781\uA747\u026D",
          }, {
            base: 'lj',
            chars: "\u01C9",
          }, {
            base: 'm',
            chars: "\u24DC\uFF4D\u1E3F\u1E41\u1E43\u0271\u026F",
          }, {
            base: 'n',
            chars: "\u24DD\uFF4E\u01F9\u0144\xF1\u1E45\u0148\u1E47\u0146\u1E4B\u1E49\u019E\u0272\u0149\uA791\uA7A5\u043B\u0509",
          }, {
            base: 'nj',
            chars: "\u01CC",
          }, {
            base: 'o',
            chars: "\u24DE\uFF4F\xF2\xF3\xF4\u1ED3\u1ED1\u1ED7\u1ED5\xF5\u1E4D\u022D\u1E4F\u014D\u1E51\u1E53\u014F\u022F\u0231\xF6\u022B\u1ECF\u0151\u01D2\u020D\u020F\u01A1\u1EDD\u1EDB\u1EE1\u1EDF\u1EE3\u1ECD\u1ED9\u01EB\u01ED\xF8\u01FF\uA74B\uA74D\u0275\u0254\u1D11",
          }, {
            base: 'oe',
            chars: "\u0153",
          }, {
            base: 'oi',
            chars: "\u01A3",
          }, {
            base: 'oo',
            chars: "\uA74F",
          }, {
            base: 'ou',
            chars: "\u0223",
          }, {
            base: 'p',
            chars: "\u24DF\uFF50\u1E55\u1E57\u01A5\u1D7D\uA751\uA753\uA755\u03C1",
          }, {
            base: 'q',
            chars: "\u24E0\uFF51\u024B\uA757\uA759",
          }, {
            base: 'r',
            chars: "\u24E1\uFF52\u0155\u1E59\u0159\u0211\u0213\u1E5B\u1E5D\u0157\u1E5F\u024D\u027D\uA75B\uA7A7\uA783",
          }, {
            base: 's',
            chars: "\u24E2\uFF53\u015B\u1E65\u015D\u1E61\u0161\u1E67\u1E63\u1E69\u0219\u015F\u023F\uA7A9\uA785\u1E9B\u0282",
          }, {
            base: 'ss',
            chars: "\xDF",
          }, {
            base: 't',
            chars: "\u24E3\uFF54\u1E6B\u1E97\u0165\u1E6D\u021B\u0163\u1E71\u1E6F\u0167\u01AD\u0288\u2C66\uA787",
          }, {
            base: 'th',
            chars: "\u00FE",
          }, {
            base: 'tz',
            chars: "\uA729",
          }, {
            base: 'u',
            chars: "\u24E4\uFF55\xF9\xFA\xFB\u0169\u1E79\u016B\u1E7B\u016D\xFC\u01DC\u01D8\u01D6\u01DA\u1EE7\u016F\u0171\u01D4\u0215\u0217\u01B0\u1EEB\u1EE9\u1EEF\u1EED\u1EF1\u1EE5\u1E73\u0173\u1E77\u1E75\u0289",
          }, {
            base: 'v',
            chars: "\u24E5\uFF56\u1E7D\u1E7F\u028B\uA75F\u028C",
          }, {
            base: 'vy',
            chars: "\uA761",
          }, {
            base: 'w',
            chars: "\u24E6\uFF57\u1E81\u1E83\u0175\u1E87\u1E85\u1E98\u1E89\u2C73",
          }, {
            base: 'x',
            chars: "\u24E7\uFF58\u1E8B\u1E8D",
          }, {
            base: 'y',
            chars: "\u24E8\uFF59\u1EF3\xFD\u0177\u1EF9\u0233\u1E8F\xFF\u1EF7\u1E99\u1EF5\u01B4\u024F\u1EFF",
          }, {
            base: 'z',
            chars: "\u24E9\uFF5A\u017A\u1E91\u017C\u017E\u1E93\u1E95\u01B6\u0225\u0240\u2C6C\uA763",
          }
        ];

        var diacriticsMap = {};
        for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < replacementList.length; i$1 += 1) {
          var chars = replacementList[i$1].chars;
          for (var j = 0; j < chars.length; j += 1) {
            diacriticsMap[chars[j]] = replacementList[i$1].base;
          }
        }

        function removeDiacritics(str) {
          return str.replace(/[^\u0000-\u007e]/g, function(c) {
            return diacriticsMap[c] || c;
          });
        }

        var replacementList_1 = replacementList;
        var diacriticsMap_1 = diacriticsMap;

        var diacritics = {
                remove: remove$1,
                replacementList: replacementList_1,
                diacriticsMap: diacriticsMap_1
        };

        var isArabic_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
        var arabicBlocks = [
            [0x0600, 0x06FF],
            [0x0750, 0x077F],
            [0x08A0, 0x08FF],
            [0xFB50, 0xFDFF],
            [0xFE70, 0xFEFF],
            [0x10E60, 0x10E7F],
            [0x1EC70, 0x1ECBF],
            [0x1EE00, 0x1EEFF] // Mathematical Alphabetic symbols https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1EE00.pdf
        ];
        function isArabic(char) {
            if (char.length > 1) {
                // allow the newer chars?
                throw new Error('isArabic works on only one-character strings');
            }
            var code = char.charCodeAt(0);
            for (var i = 0; i < arabicBlocks.length; i++) {
                var block = arabicBlocks[i];
                if (code >= block[0] && code <= block[1]) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }
        exports.isArabic = isArabic;
        function isMath(char) {
            if (char.length > 2) {
                // allow the newer chars?
                throw new Error('isMath works on only one-character strings');
            }
            var code = char.charCodeAt(0);
            return ((code >= 0x660 && code <= 0x66C) || (code >= 0x6F0 && code <= 0x6F9));
        }
        exports.isMath = isMath;
        });

        var unicodeArabic = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
        var arabicReference = {
            "alef": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0627"
                ],
                "madda_above": {
                    "normal": [
                        "\u0627\u0653",
                        "\u0622"
                    ],
                    "isolated": "\uFE81",
                    "final": "\uFE82"
                },
                "hamza_above": {
                    "normal": [
                        "\u0627\u0654",
                        "\u0623"
                    ],
                    "isolated": "\uFE83",
                    "final": "\uFE84"
                },
                "hamza_below": {
                    "normal": [
                        "\u0627\u0655",
                        "\u0625"
                    ],
                    "isolated": "\uFE87",
                    "final": "\uFE88"
                },
                "wasla": {
                    "normal": "\u0671",
                    "isolated": "\uFB50",
                    "final": "\uFB51"
                },
                "wavy_hamza_above": [
                    "\u0672"
                ],
                "wavy_hamza_below": [
                    "\u0627\u065F",
                    "\u0673"
                ],
                "high_hamza": [
                    "\u0675",
                    "\u0627\u0674"
                ],
                "indic_two_above": [
                    "\u0773"
                ],
                "indic_three_above": [
                    "\u0774"
                ],
                "fathatan": {
                    "normal": [
                        "\u0627\u064B"
                    ],
                    "final": "\uFD3C",
                    "isolated": "\uFD3D"
                },
                "isolated": "\uFE8D",
                "final": "\uFE8E"
            },
            "beh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0628"
                ],
                "dotless": [
                    "\u066E"
                ],
                "three_dots_horizontally_below": [
                    "\u0750"
                ],
                "dot_below_three_dots_above": [
                    "\u0751"
                ],
                "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": [
                    "\u0752"
                ],
                "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below_two_dots_above": [
                    "\u0753"
                ],
                "two_dots_below_dot_above": [
                    "\u0754"
                ],
                "inverted_small_v_below": [
                    "\u0755"
                ],
                "small_v": [
                    "\u0756"
                ],
                "small_v_below": [
                    "\u08A0"
                ],
                "hamza_above": [
                    "\u08A1"
                ],
                "small_meem_above": [
                    "\u08B6"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFE8F",
                "final": "\uFE90",
                "initial": "\uFE91",
                "medial": "\uFE92"
            },
            "teh marbuta": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0629"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFE93",
                "final": "\uFE94"
            },
            "teh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u062A"
                ],
                "ring": [
                    "\u067C"
                ],
                "three_dots_above_downwards": [
                    "\u067D"
                ],
                "small_teh_above": [
                    "\u08B8"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFE95",
                "final": "\uFE96",
                "initial": "\uFE97",
                "medial": "\uFE98"
            },
            "theh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u062B"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFE99",
                "final": "\uFE9A",
                "initial": "\uFE9B",
                "medial": "\uFE9C"
            },
            "jeem": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u062C"
                ],
                "two_dots_above": [
                    "\u08A2"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFE9D",
                "final": "\uFE9E",
                "initial": "\uFE9F",
                "medial": "\uFEA0"
            },
            "hah": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u062D"
                ],
                "hamza_above": [
                    "\u0681"
                ],
                "two_dots_vertical_above": [
                    "\u0682"
                ],
                "three_dots_above": [
                    "\u0685"
                ],
                "two_dots_above": [
                    "\u0757"
                ],
                "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": [
                    "\u0758"
                ],
                "small_tah_below": [
                    "\u076E"
                ],
                "small_tah_two_dots": [
                    "\u076F"
                ],
                "small_tah_above": [
                    "\u0772"
                ],
                "indic_four_below": [
                    "\u077C"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEA1",
                "final": "\uFEA2",
                "initial": "\uFEA3",
                "medial": "\uFEA4"
            },
            "khah": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u062E"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEA5",
                "final": "\uFEA6",
                "initial": "\uFEA7",
                "medial": "\uFEA8"
            },
            "dal": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u062F"
                ],
                "ring": [
                    "\u0689"
                ],
                "dot_below": [
                    "\u068A"
                ],
                "dot_below_small_tah": [
                    "\u068B"
                ],
                "three_dots_above_downwards": [
                    "\u068F"
                ],
                "four_dots_above": [
                    "\u0690"
                ],
                "inverted_v": [
                    "\u06EE"
                ],
                "two_dots_vertically_below_small_tah": [
                    "\u0759"
                ],
                "inverted_small_v_below": [
                    "\u075A"
                ],
                "three_dots_below": [
                    "\u08AE"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEA9",
                "final": "\uFEAA"
            },
            "thal": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0630"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEAB",
                "final": "\uFEAC"
            },
            "reh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0631"
                ],
                "small_v": [
                    "\u0692"
                ],
                "ring": [
                    "\u0693"
                ],
                "dot_below": [
                    "\u0694"
                ],
                "small_v_below": [
                    "\u0695"
                ],
                "dot_below_dot_above": [
                    "\u0696"
                ],
                "two_dots_above": [
                    "\u0697"
                ],
                "four_dots_above": [
                    "\u0699"
                ],
                "inverted_v": [
                    "\u06EF"
                ],
                "stroke": [
                    "\u075B"
                ],
                "two_dots_vertically_above": [
                    "\u076B"
                ],
                "hamza_above": [
                    "\u076C"
                ],
                "small_tah_two_dots": [
                    "\u0771"
                ],
                "loop": [
                    "\u08AA"
                ],
                "small_noon_above": [
                    "\u08B9"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEAD",
                "final": "\uFEAE"
            },
            "zain": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0632"
                ],
                "inverted_v_above": [
                    "\u08B2"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEAF",
                "final": "\uFEB0"
            },
            "seen": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0633"
                ],
                "dot_below_dot_above": [
                    "\u069A"
                ],
                "three_dots_below": [
                    "\u069B"
                ],
                "three_dots_below_three_dots_above": [
                    "\u069C"
                ],
                "four_dots_above": [
                    "\u075C"
                ],
                "two_dots_vertically_above": [
                    "\u076D"
                ],
                "small_tah_two_dots": [
                    "\u0770"
                ],
                "indic_four_above": [
                    "\u077D"
                ],
                "inverted_v": [
                    "\u077E"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEB1",
                "final": "\uFEB2",
                "initial": "\uFEB3",
                "medial": "\uFEB4"
            },
            "sheen": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0634"
                ],
                "dot_below": [
                    "\u06FA"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEB5",
                "final": "\uFEB6",
                "initial": "\uFEB7",
                "medial": "\uFEB8"
            },
            "sad": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0635"
                ],
                "two_dots_below": [
                    "\u069D"
                ],
                "three_dots_above": [
                    "\u069E"
                ],
                "three_dots_below": [
                    "\u08AF"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEB9",
                "final": "\uFEBA",
                "initial": "\uFEBB",
                "medial": "\uFEBC"
            },
            "dad": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0636"
                ],
                "dot_below": [
                    "\u06FB"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEBD",
                "final": "\uFEBE",
                "initial": "\uFEBF",
                "medial": "\uFEC0"
            },
            "tah": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0637"
                ],
                "three_dots_above": [
                    "\u069F"
                ],
                "two_dots_above": [
                    "\u08A3"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEC1",
                "final": "\uFEC2",
                "initial": "\uFEC3",
                "medial": "\uFEC4"
            },
            "zah": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0638"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEC5",
                "final": "\uFEC6",
                "initial": "\uFEC7",
                "medial": "\uFEC8"
            },
            "ain": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0639"
                ],
                "three_dots_above": [
                    "\u06A0"
                ],
                "two_dots_above": [
                    "\u075D"
                ],
                "three_dots_pointing_downwards_above": [
                    "\u075E"
                ],
                "two_dots_vertically_above": [
                    "\u075F"
                ],
                "three_dots_below": [
                    "\u08B3"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEC9",
                "final": "\uFECA",
                "initial": "\uFECB",
                "medial": "\uFECC"
            },
            "ghain": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u063A"
                ],
                "dot_below": [
                    "\u06FC"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFECD",
                "final": "\uFECE",
                "initial": "\uFECF",
                "medial": "\uFED0"
            },
            "feh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0641"
                ],
                "dotless": [
                    "\u06A1"
                ],
                "dot_moved_below": [
                    "\u06A2"
                ],
                "dot_below": [
                    "\u06A3"
                ],
                "three_dots_below": [
                    "\u06A5"
                ],
                "two_dots_below": [
                    "\u0760"
                ],
                "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": [
                    "\u0761"
                ],
                "dot_below_three_dots_above": [
                    "\u08A4"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFED1",
                "final": "\uFED2",
                "initial": "\uFED3",
                "medial": "\uFED4"
            },
            "qaf": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0642"
                ],
                "dotless": [
                    "\u066F"
                ],
                "dot_above": [
                    "\u06A7"
                ],
                "three_dots_above": [
                    "\u06A8"
                ],
                "dot_below": [
                    "\u08A5"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFED5",
                "final": "\uFED6",
                "initial": "\uFED7",
                "medial": "\uFED8"
            },
            "kaf": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0643"
                ],
                "swash": [
                    "\u06AA"
                ],
                "ring": [
                    "\u06AB"
                ],
                "dot_above": [
                    "\u06AC"
                ],
                "three_dots_below": [
                    "\u06AE"
                ],
                "two_dots_above": [
                    "\u077F"
                ],
                "dot_below": [
                    "\u08B4"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFED9",
                "final": "\uFEDA",
                "initial": "\uFEDB",
                "medial": "\uFEDC"
            },
            "lam": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0644"
                ],
                "small_v": [
                    "\u06B5"
                ],
                "dot_above": [
                    "\u06B6"
                ],
                "three_dots_above": [
                    "\u06B7"
                ],
                "three_dots_below": [
                    "\u06B8"
                ],
                "bar": [
                    "\u076A"
                ],
                "double_bar": [
                    "\u08A6"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEDD",
                "final": "\uFEDE",
                "initial": "\uFEDF",
                "medial": "\uFEE0"
            },
            "meem": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0645"
                ],
                "dot_above": [
                    "\u0765"
                ],
                "dot_below": [
                    "\u0766"
                ],
                "three_dots_above": [
                    "\u08A7"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEE1",
                "final": "\uFEE2",
                "initial": "\uFEE3",
                "medial": "\uFEE4"
            },
            "noon": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0646"
                ],
                "dot_below": [
                    "\u06B9"
                ],
                "ring": [
                    "\u06BC"
                ],
                "three_dots_above": [
                    "\u06BD"
                ],
                "two_dots_below": [
                    "\u0767"
                ],
                "small_tah": [
                    "\u0768"
                ],
                "small_v": [
                    "\u0769"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEE5",
                "final": "\uFEE6",
                "initial": "\uFEE7",
                "medial": "\uFEE8"
            },
            "heh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0647"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEE9",
                "final": "\uFEEA",
                "initial": "\uFEEB",
                "medial": "\uFEEC"
            },
            "waw": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0648"
                ],
                "hamza_above": {
                    "normal": [
                        "\u0624",
                        "\u0648\u0654"
                    ],
                    "isolated": "\uFE85",
                    "final": "\uFE86"
                },
                "high_hamza": [
                    "\u0676",
                    "\u0648\u0674"
                ],
                "ring": [
                    "\u06C4"
                ],
                "two_dots_above": [
                    "\u06CA"
                ],
                "dot_above": [
                    "\u06CF"
                ],
                "indic_two_above": [
                    "\u0778"
                ],
                "indic_three_above": [
                    "\u0779"
                ],
                "dot_within": [
                    "\u08AB"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEED",
                "final": "\uFEEE"
            },
            "alef_maksura": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0649"
                ],
                "hamza_above": [
                    "\u0626",
                    "\u064A\u0654"
                ],
                "initial": "\uFBE8",
                "medial": "\uFBE9",
                "isolated": "\uFEEF",
                "final": "\uFEF0"
            },
            "yeh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u064A"
                ],
                "hamza_above": {
                    "normal": [
                        "\u0626",
                        "\u0649\u0654"
                    ],
                    "isolated": "\uFE89",
                    "final": "\uFE8A",
                    "initial": "\uFE8B",
                    "medial": "\uFE8C"
                },
                "two_dots_below_hamza_above": [
                    "\u08A8"
                ],
                "high_hamza": [
                    "\u0678",
                    "\u064A\u0674"
                ],
                "tail": [
                    "\u06CD"
                ],
                "small_v": [
                    "\u06CE"
                ],
                "three_dots_below": [
                    "\u06D1"
                ],
                "two_dots_below_dot_above": [
                    "\u08A9"
                ],
                "two_dots_below_small_noon_above": [
                    "\u08BA"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFEF1",
                "final": "\uFEF2",
                "initial": "\uFEF3",
                "medial": "\uFEF4"
            },
            "tteh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0679"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB66",
                "final": "\uFB67",
                "initial": "\uFB68",
                "medial": "\uFB69"
            },
            "tteheh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u067A"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB5E",
                "final": "\uFB5F",
                "initial": "\uFB60",
                "medial": "\uFB61"
            },
            "beeh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u067B"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB52",
                "final": "\uFB53",
                "initial": "\uFB54",
                "medial": "\uFB55"
            },
            "peh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u067E"
                ],
                "small_meem_above": [
                    "\u08B7"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB56",
                "final": "\uFB57",
                "initial": "\uFB58",
                "medial": "\uFB59"
            },
            "teheh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u067F"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB62",
                "final": "\uFB63",
                "initial": "\uFB64",
                "medial": "\uFB65"
            },
            "beheh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0680"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB5A",
                "final": "\uFB5B",
                "initial": "\uFB5C",
                "medial": "\uFB5D"
            },
            "nyeh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0683"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB76",
                "final": "\uFB77",
                "initial": "\uFB78",
                "medial": "\uFB79"
            },
            "dyeh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0684"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB72",
                "final": "\uFB73",
                "initial": "\uFB74",
                "medial": "\uFB75"
            },
            "tcheh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0686"
                ],
                "dot_above": [
                    "\u06BF"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB7A",
                "final": "\uFB7B",
                "initial": "\uFB7C",
                "medial": "\uFB7D"
            },
            "tcheheh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0687"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB7E",
                "final": "\uFB7F",
                "initial": "\uFB80",
                "medial": "\uFB81"
            },
            "ddal": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0688"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB88",
                "final": "\uFB89"
            },
            "dahal": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u068C"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB84",
                "final": "\uFB85"
            },
            "ddahal": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u068D"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB82",
                "final": "\uFB83"
            },
            "dul": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u068F",
                    "\u068E"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB86",
                "final": "\uFB87"
            },
            "rreh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0691"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB8C",
                "final": "\uFB8D"
            },
            "jeh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u0698"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB8A",
                "final": "\uFB8B"
            },
            "veh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06A4"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB6A",
                "final": "\uFB6B",
                "initial": "\uFB6C",
                "medial": "\uFB6D"
            },
            "peheh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06A6"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB6E",
                "final": "\uFB6F",
                "initial": "\uFB70",
                "medial": "\uFB71"
            },
            "keheh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06A9"
                ],
                "dot_above": [
                    "\u0762"
                ],
                "three_dots_above": [
                    "\u0763"
                ],
                "three_dots_pointing_upwards_below": [
                    "\u0764"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB8E",
                "final": "\uFB8F",
                "initial": "\uFB90",
                "medial": "\uFB91"
            },
            "ng": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06AD"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBD3",
                "final": "\uFBD4",
                "initial": "\uFBD5",
                "medial": "\uFBD6"
            },
            "gaf": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06AF"
                ],
                "ring": [
                    "\u06B0"
                ],
                "two_dots_below": [
                    "\u06B2"
                ],
                "three_dots_above": [
                    "\u06B4"
                ],
                "inverted_stroke": [
                    "\u08B0"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB92",
                "final": "\uFB93",
                "initial": "\uFB94",
                "medial": "\uFB95"
            },
            "ngoeh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06B1"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB9A",
                "final": "\uFB9B",
                "initial": "\uFB9C",
                "medial": "\uFB9D"
            },
            "gueh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06B3"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB96",
                "final": "\uFB97",
                "initial": "\uFB98",
                "medial": "\uFB99"
            },
            "noon ghunna": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06BA"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFB9E",
                "final": "\uFB9F"
            },
            "rnoon": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06BB"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBA0",
                "final": "\uFBA1",
                "initial": "\uFBA2",
                "medial": "\uFBA3"
            },
            "heh doachashmee": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06BE"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBAA",
                "final": "\uFBAB",
                "initial": "\uFBAC",
                "medial": "\uFBAD"
            },
            "heh goal": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06C1"
                ],
                "hamza_above": [
                    "\u06C1\u0654",
                    "\u06C2"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBA6",
                "final": "\uFBA7",
                "initial": "\uFBA8",
                "medial": "\uFBA9"
            },
            "teh marbuta goal": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06C3"
                ]
            },
            "kirghiz oe": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06C5"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBE0",
                "final": "\uFBE1"
            },
            "oe": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06C6"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBD9",
                "final": "\uFBDA"
            },
            "u": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06C7"
                ],
                "hamza_above": {
                    "normal": [
                        "\u0677",
                        "\u06C7\u0674"
                    ],
                    "isolated": "\uFBDD"
                },
                "isolated": "\uFBD7",
                "final": "\uFBD8"
            },
            "yu": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06C8"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBDB",
                "final": "\uFBDC"
            },
            "kirghiz yu": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06C9"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBE2",
                "final": "\uFBE3"
            },
            "ve": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06CB"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBDE",
                "final": "\uFBDF"
            },
            "farsi yeh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06CC"
                ],
                "indic_two_above": [
                    "\u0775"
                ],
                "indic_three_above": [
                    "\u0776"
                ],
                "indic_four_above": [
                    "\u0777"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBFC",
                "final": "\uFBFD",
                "initial": "\uFBFE",
                "medial": "\uFBFF"
            },
            "e": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06D0"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBE4",
                "final": "\uFBE5",
                "initial": "\uFBE6",
                "medial": "\uFBE7"
            },
            "yeh barree": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06D2"
                ],
                "hamza_above": {
                    "normal": [
                        "\u06D2\u0654",
                        "\u06D3"
                    ],
                    "isolated": "\uFBB0",
                    "final": "\uFBB1"
                },
                "indic_two_above": [
                    "\u077A"
                ],
                "indic_three_above": [
                    "\u077B"
                ],
                "isolated": "\uFBAE",
                "final": "\uFBAF"
            },
            "ae": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u06D5"
                ],
                "isolated": "\u06D5",
                "final": "\uFEEA",
                "yeh_above": {
                    "normal": [
                        "\u06C0",
                        "\u06D5\u0654"
                    ],
                    "isolated": "\uFBA4",
                    "final": "\uFBA5"
                }
            },
            "rohingya yeh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u08AC"
                ]
            },
            "low alef": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u08AD"
                ]
            },
            "straight waw": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u08B1"
                ]
            },
            "african feh": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u08BB"
                ]
            },
            "african qaf": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u08BC"
                ]
            },
            "african noon": {
                "normal": [
                    "\u08BD"
                ]
            }
        };
        exports.default = arabicReference;
        });

        var unicodeLigatures = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
        var ligatureReference = {
            "\u0626\u0627": {
                "isolated": "\uFBEA",
                "final": "\uFBEB"
            },
            "\u0626\u06D5": {
                "isolated": "\uFBEC",
                "final": "\uFBED"
            },
            "\u0626\u0648": {
                "isolated": "\uFBEE",
                "final": "\uFBEF"
            },
            "\u0626\u06C7": {
                "isolated": "\uFBF0",
                "final": "\uFBF1"
            },
            "\u0626\u06C6": {
                "isolated": "\uFBF2",
                "final": "\uFBF3"
            },
            "\u0626\u06C8": {
                "isolated": "\uFBF4",
                "final": "\uFBF5"
            },
            "\u0626\u06D0": {
                "isolated": "\uFBF6",
                "final": "\uFBF7",
                "initial": "\uFBF8"
            },
            "\u0626\u0649": {
                "uighur_kirghiz": {
                    "isolated": "\uFBF9",
                    "final": "\uFBFA",
                    "initial": "\uFBFB"
                },
                "isolated": "\uFC03",
                "final": "\uFC68"
            },
            "\u0626\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC00",
                "initial": "\uFC97"
            },
            "\u0626\u062D": {
                "isolated": "\uFC01",
                "initial": "\uFC98"
            },
            "\u0626\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC02",
                "final": "\uFC66",
                "initial": "\uFC9A",
                "medial": "\uFCDF"
            },
            "\u0626\u064A": {
                "isolated": "\uFC04",
                "final": "\uFC69"
            },
            "\u0628\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC05",
                "initial": "\uFC9C"
            },
            "\u0628\u062D": {
                "isolated": "\uFC06",
                "initial": "\uFC9D"
            },
            "\u0628\u062E": {
                "isolated": "\uFC07",
                "initial": "\uFC9E"
            },
            "\u0628\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC08",
                "final": "\uFC6C",
                "initial": "\uFC9F",
                "medial": "\uFCE1"
            },
            "\u0628\u0649": {
                "isolated": "\uFC09",
                "final": "\uFC6E"
            },
            "\u0628\u064A": {
                "isolated": "\uFC0A",
                "final": "\uFC6F"
            },
            "\u062A\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC0B",
                "initial": "\uFCA1"
            },
            "\u062A\u062D": {
                "isolated": "\uFC0C",
                "initial": "\uFCA2"
            },
            "\u062A\u062E": {
                "isolated": "\uFC0D",
                "initial": "\uFCA3"
            },
            "\u062A\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC0E",
                "final": "\uFC72",
                "initial": "\uFCA4",
                "medial": "\uFCE3"
            },
            "\u062A\u0649": {
                "isolated": "\uFC0F",
                "final": "\uFC74"
            },
            "\u062A\u064A": {
                "isolated": "\uFC10",
                "final": "\uFC75"
            },
            "\u062B\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC11"
            },
            "\u062B\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC12",
                "final": "\uFC78",
                "initial": "\uFCA6",
                "medial": "\uFCE5"
            },
            "\u062B\u0649": {
                "isolated": "\uFC13",
                "final": "\uFC7A"
            },
            "\u062B\u0648": {
                "isolated": "\uFC14"
            },
            "\u062C\u062D": {
                "isolated": "\uFC15",
                "initial": "\uFCA7"
            },
            "\u062C\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC16",
                "initial": "\uFCA8"
            },
            "\u062D\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC17",
                "initial": "\uFCA9"
            },
            "\u062D\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC18",
                "initial": "\uFCAA"
            },
            "\u062E\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC19",
                "initial": "\uFCAB"
            },
            "\u062E\u062D": {
                "isolated": "\uFC1A"
            },
            "\u062E\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC1B",
                "initial": "\uFCAC"
            },
            "\u0633\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC1C",
                "initial": "\uFCAD",
                "medial": "\uFD34"
            },
            "\u0633\u062D": {
                "isolated": "\uFC1D",
                "initial": "\uFCAE",
                "medial": "\uFD35"
            },
            "\u0633\u062E": {
                "isolated": "\uFC1E",
                "initial": "\uFCAF",
                "medial": "\uFD36"
            },
            "\u0633\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC1F",
                "initial": "\uFCB0",
                "medial": "\uFCE7"
            },
            "\u0635\u062D": {
                "isolated": "\uFC20",
                "initial": "\uFCB1"
            },
            "\u0635\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC21",
                "initial": "\uFCB3"
            },
            "\u0636\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC22",
                "initial": "\uFCB4"
            },
            "\u0636\u062D": {
                "isolated": "\uFC23",
                "initial": "\uFCB5"
            },
            "\u0636\u062E": {
                "isolated": "\uFC24",
                "initial": "\uFCB6"
            },
            "\u0636\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC25",
                "initial": "\uFCB7"
            },
            "\u0637\u062D": {
                "isolated": "\uFC26",
                "initial": "\uFCB8"
            },
            "\u0637\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC27",
                "initial": "\uFD33",
                "medial": "\uFD3A"
            },
            "\u0638\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC28",
                "initial": "\uFCB9",
                "medial": "\uFD3B"
            },
            "\u0639\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC29",
                "initial": "\uFCBA"
            },
            "\u0639\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC2A",
                "initial": "\uFCBB"
            },
            "\u063A\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC2B",
                "initial": "\uFCBC"
            },
            "\u063A\u0645": {
                "isolated": "\uFC2C",
                "initial": "\uFCBD"
            },
            "\u0641\u062C": {
                "isolated": "\uFC2D",
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                "\u0635\u0644\u06D2": "\uFDF0",
                "\u0642\u0644\u06D2": "\uFDF1",
                "\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647": "\uFDF2",
                "\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631": "\uFDF3",
                "\u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F": "\uFDF4",
                "\u0635\u0644\u0639\u0645": "\uFDF5",
                "\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644": "\uFDF6",
                "\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647": "\uFDF7",
                "\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645": "\uFDF8",
                "\u0635\u0644\u0649": "\uFDF9",
                "\u0635\u0644\u0649\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645": "\uFDFA",
                "\u062C\u0644\u062C\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647": "\uFDFB",
                "\u0631\u06CC\u0627\u0644": "\uFDFC"
            }
        };
        exports.default = ligatureReference;
        });

        var reference = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });


        var letterList = Object.keys(unicodeArabic.default);
        exports.letterList = letterList;
        var ligatureList = Object.keys(unicodeLigatures.default);
        exports.ligatureList = ligatureList;
        var ligatureWordList = Object.keys(unicodeLigatures.default.words);
        exports.ligatureWordList = ligatureWordList;
        var lams = '\u0644\u06B5\u06B6\u06B7\u06B8';
        exports.lams = lams;
        var alefs = '\u0627\u0622\u0623\u0625\u0671\u0672\u0673\u0675\u0773\u0774';
        exports.alefs = alefs;
        // for (var l = 1; l < lams.length; l++) {
        //   console.log('-');
        //   for (var a = 0; a < alefs.length; a++) {
        //     console.log(a + ': ' + lams[l] + alefs[a]);
        //   }
        // }
        var tashkeel = '\u0605\u0640\u0670\u0674\u06DF\u06E7\u06E8';
        exports.tashkeel = tashkeel;
        function addToTashkeel(start, finish) {
            for (var i = start; i <= finish; i++) {
                exports.tashkeel = tashkeel += String.fromCharCode(i);
            }
        }
        addToTashkeel(0x0610, 0x061A);
        addToTashkeel(0x064B, 0x065F);
        addToTashkeel(0x06D6, 0x06DC);
        addToTashkeel(0x06E0, 0x06E4);
        addToTashkeel(0x06EA, 0x06ED);
        addToTashkeel(0x08D3, 0x08E1);
        addToTashkeel(0x08E3, 0x08FF);
        addToTashkeel(0xFE70, 0xFE7F);
        var lineBreakers = '\u0627\u0629\u0648\u06C0\u06CF\u06FD\u06FE\u076B\u076C\u0771\u0773\u0774\u0778\u0779\u08E2\u08B1\u08B2\u08B9';
        exports.lineBreakers = lineBreakers;
        function addToLineBreakers(start, finish) {
            for (var i = start; i <= finish; i++) {
                exports.lineBreakers = lineBreakers += String.fromCharCode(i);
            }
        }
        addToLineBreakers(0x0600, 0x061F); // it's OK to include tashkeel in this range as it is ignored
        addToLineBreakers(0x0621, 0x0625);
        addToLineBreakers(0x062F, 0x0632);
        addToLineBreakers(0x0660, 0x066D); // numerals, math
        addToLineBreakers(0x0671, 0x0677);
        addToLineBreakers(0x0688, 0x0699);
        addToLineBreakers(0x06C3, 0x06CB);
        addToLineBreakers(0x06D2, 0x06F9);
        addToLineBreakers(0x0759, 0x075B);
        addToLineBreakers(0x08AA, 0x08AE);
        addToLineBreakers(0xFB50, 0xFDFD); // presentation forms look like they could connect, but never do
        // Presentation Forms A includes diacritics but they are meant to stand alone
        addToLineBreakers(0xFE80, 0xFEFC); // presentation forms look like they could connect, but never do
        // numerals, math
        addToLineBreakers(0x10E60, 0x10E7F);
        addToLineBreakers(0x1EC70, 0x1ECBF);
        addToLineBreakers(0x1EE00, 0x1EEFF);
        });

        var GlyphSplitter_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });


        function GlyphSplitter(word) {
            var letters = [];
            var lastLetter = '';
            word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
                if (isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
                    if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
                        letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
                    }
                    else if (lastLetter.length && ((reference.lams.indexOf(lastLetter) === 0 && reference.alefs.indexOf(letter) > -1) || (reference.lams.indexOf(lastLetter) > 0 && reference.alefs.indexOf(letter) === 0))) {
                        // valid LA forms
                        letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
                    }
                    else {
                        letters.push(letter);
                    }
                }
                else {
                    letters.push(letter);
                }
                if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) === -1) {
                    lastLetter = letter;
                }
            });
            return letters;
        }
        exports.GlyphSplitter = GlyphSplitter;
        });

        var BaselineSplitter_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });


        function BaselineSplitter(word) {
            var letters = [];
            var lastLetter = '';
            word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
                if (isArabic_1.isArabic(letter) && isArabic_1.isArabic(lastLetter)) {
                    if (lastLetter.length && reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
                        letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
                    }
                    else if (reference.lineBreakers.indexOf(lastLetter) > -1) {
                        letters.push(letter);
                    }
                    else {
                        letters[letters.length - 1] += letter;
                    }
                }
                else {
                    letters.push(letter);
                }
                if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(letter) === -1) {
                    // don't allow tashkeel to hide line break
                    lastLetter = letter;
                }
            });
            return letters;
        }
        exports.BaselineSplitter = BaselineSplitter;
        });

        var Normalization = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });




        function Normal(word, breakPresentationForm) {
            // default is to turn initial/isolated/medial/final presentation form to generic
            if (typeof breakPresentationForm === 'undefined') {
                breakPresentationForm = true;
            }
            var returnable = '';
            word.split('').forEach(function (letter) {
                if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
                    returnable += letter;
                    return;
                }
                for (var w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
                    // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
                    var letterForms = unicodeArabic.default[reference.letterList[w]];
                    var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
                    for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
                        var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
                        if (typeof localVersion === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
                            // look at this embedded object
                            var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
                            for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
                                var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
                                if (form === letter || (typeof form === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
                                    // match
                                    // console.log('embedded match');
                                    if (form === letter) {
                                        // match exact
                                        if (breakPresentationForm && localVersion['normal'] && ['isolated', 'initial', 'medial', 'final'].indexOf(embeddedForms[ef]) > -1) {
                                            // replace presentation form
                                            // console.log('keeping normal form of the letter');
                                            if (typeof localVersion['normal'] === 'object') {
                                                returnable += localVersion['normal'][0];
                                            }
                                            else {
                                                returnable += localVersion['normal'];
                                            }
                                            return;
                                        }
                                        // console.log('keeping this letter');
                                        returnable += letter;
                                        return;
                                    }
                                    else if (typeof form === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
                                        // match
                                        returnable += form[0];
                                        // console.log('added the first letter from the same array');
                                        return;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        else if (localVersion === letter) {
                            // match exact
                            if (breakPresentationForm && letterForms['normal'] && ['isolated', 'initial', 'medial', 'final'].indexOf(versions[v]) > -1) {
                                // replace presentation form
                                // console.log('keeping normal form of the letter');
                                if (typeof letterForms['normal'] === 'object') {
                                    returnable += letterForms['normal'][0];
                                }
                                else {
                                    returnable += letterForms['normal'];
                                }
                                return;
                            }
                            // console.log('keeping this letter');
                            returnable += letter;
                            return;
                        }
                        else if (typeof localVersion === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1) {
                            // match
                            returnable += localVersion[0];
                            // console.log('added the first letter from the same array');
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                }
                // try ligatures
                for (var v2 = 0; v2 < reference.ligatureList.length; v2++) {
                    var normalForm = reference.ligatureList[v2];
                    if (normalForm !== 'words') {
                        var ligForms = Object.keys(unicodeLigatures.default[normalForm]);
                        for (var f = 0; f < ligForms.length; f++) {
                            if (unicodeLigatures.default[normalForm][ligForms[f]] === letter) {
                                returnable += normalForm;
                                return;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                // try words ligatures
                for (var v3 = 0; v3 < reference.ligatureWordList.length; v3++) {
                    var normalForm$1 = reference.ligatureWordList[v3];
                    if (unicodeLigatures.default.words[normalForm$1] === letter) {
                        returnable += normalForm$1;
                        return;
                    }
                }
                returnable += letter;
                // console.log('kept the letter')
            });
            return returnable;
        }
        exports.Normal = Normal;
        });

        var CharShaper_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });



        function CharShaper(letter, form) {
            if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
                // fail not Arabic
                throw new Error('Not Arabic');
            }
            if (letter === "\u0621") {
                // hamza alone
                return "\u0621";
            }
            for (var w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
                // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
                var letterForms = unicodeArabic.default[reference.letterList[w]];
                var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
                for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
                    var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
                    if ((localVersion === letter) ||
                        (typeof localVersion === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
                        if (versions.indexOf(form) > -1) {
                            return letterForms[form];
                        }
                    }
                    else if (typeof localVersion === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
                        // check embedded
                        var embeddedVersions = Object.keys(localVersion);
                        for (var ev = 0; ev < embeddedVersions.length; ev++) {
                            if ((localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]] === letter) ||
                                (typeof localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]] === 'object' && localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]].indexOf && localVersion[embeddedVersions[ev]].indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
                                if (embeddedVersions.indexOf(form) > -1) {
                                    return localVersion[form];
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        exports.CharShaper = CharShaper;
        });

        var WordShaper_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });




        function WordShaper(word) {
            var state = 'initial';
            var output = '';
            for (var w = 0; w < word.length; w++) {
                var nextLetter = ' ';
                for (var nxw = w + 1; nxw < word.length; nxw++) {
                    if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(word[nxw])) {
                        break;
                    }
                    if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(word[nxw]) === -1) {
                        nextLetter = word[nxw];
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(word[w]) || isArabic_1.isMath(word[w])) {
                    // space or other non-Arabic
                    output += word[w];
                    state = 'initial';
                }
                else if (reference.tashkeel.indexOf(word[w]) > -1) {
                    // tashkeel - add without changing state
                    output += word[w];
                }
                else if ((nextLetter === ' ') // last Arabic letter in this word
                    || (reference.lineBreakers.indexOf(word[w]) > -1)) { // the current letter is known to break lines
                    output += CharShaper_1.CharShaper(word[w], state === 'initial' ? 'isolated' : 'final');
                    state = 'initial';
                }
                else if (reference.lams.indexOf(word[w]) > -1 && reference.alefs.indexOf(nextLetter) > -1) {
                    // LA letters - advance an additional letter after this
                    output += unicodeLigatures.default[word[w] + nextLetter][(state === 'initial' ? 'isolated' : 'final')];
                    while (word[w] !== nextLetter) {
                        w++;
                    }
                    state = 'initial';
                }
                else {
                    output += CharShaper_1.CharShaper(word[w], state);
                    state = 'medial';
                }
            }
            return output;
        }
        exports.WordShaper = WordShaper;
        });

        var ParentLetter_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });



        function ParentLetter(letter) {
            if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
                throw new Error('Not an Arabic letter');
            }
            for (var w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
                // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
                var letterForms = unicodeArabic.default[reference.letterList[w]];
                var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
                for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
                    var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
                    if (typeof localVersion === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
                        // look at this embedded object
                        var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
                        for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
                            var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
                            if (form === letter || (typeof form === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
                                // match
                                return localVersion;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else if (localVersion === letter || (typeof localVersion === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
                        // match
                        return letterForms;
                    }
                }
                return null;
            }
        }
        exports.ParentLetter = ParentLetter;
        function GrandparentLetter(letter) {
            if (!isArabic_1.isArabic(letter)) {
                throw new Error('Not an Arabic letter');
            }
            for (var w = 0; w < reference.letterList.length; w++) {
                // ok so we are checking this potential lettertron
                var letterForms = unicodeArabic.default[reference.letterList[w]];
                var versions = Object.keys(letterForms);
                for (var v = 0; v < versions.length; v++) {
                    var localVersion = letterForms[versions[v]];
                    if (typeof localVersion === 'object' && typeof localVersion.indexOf === 'undefined') {
                        // look at this embedded object
                        var embeddedForms = Object.keys(localVersion);
                        for (var ef = 0; ef < embeddedForms.length; ef++) {
                            var form = localVersion[embeddedForms[ef]];
                            if (form === letter || (typeof form === 'object' && form.indexOf && form.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
                                // match
                                return letterForms;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else if (localVersion === letter || (typeof localVersion === 'object' && localVersion.indexOf && localVersion.indexOf(letter) > -1)) {
                        // match
                        return letterForms;
                    }
                }
                return null;
            }
        }
        exports.GrandparentLetter = GrandparentLetter;
        });

        var lib$1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });

        exports.isArabic = isArabic_1.isArabic;

        exports.GlyphSplitter = GlyphSplitter_1.GlyphSplitter;

        exports.BaselineSplitter = BaselineSplitter_1.BaselineSplitter;

        exports.Normal = Normalization.Normal;

        exports.CharShaper = CharShaper_1.CharShaper;

        exports.WordShaper = WordShaper_1.WordShaper;

        exports.ParentLetter = ParentLetter_1.ParentLetter;
        exports.GrandparentLetter = ParentLetter_1.GrandparentLetter;
        });

        // see https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/pull/3707

        var rtlRegex = /[\u0590-\u05FF\u0600-\u06FF\u0750-\u07BF\u08A0–\u08BF]/;

        function fixRTLTextForSvg(inputText) {
            var ret = '', rtlBuffer = [];
            var arabicRegex = /[\u0600-\u06FF]/g;
            var arabicDiacritics = /[\u0610-\u061A\u064B-\u065F\u0670\u06D6-\u06ED]/g;
            var arabicMath = /[\u0660-\u066C\u06F0-\u06F9]+/g;
            var thaanaVowel = /[\u07A6-\u07B0]/;
            var hebrewSign = /[\u0591-\u05bd\u05bf\u05c1-\u05c5\u05c7]/;

            // Arabic word shaping
            if (arabicRegex.test(inputText)) {
                inputText = lib$1.WordShaper(inputText);
            }

            for (var n = 0; n < inputText.length; n++) {
                var c = inputText[n];
                if (arabicMath.test(c)) {
                    // Arabic numbers go LTR
                    ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('');
                    rtlBuffer = [c];
                } else {
                    if (rtlBuffer.length && arabicMath.test(rtlBuffer[rtlBuffer.length - 1])) {
                        ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('');
                        rtlBuffer = [];
                    }
                    if ((thaanaVowel.test(c) || hebrewSign.test(c) || arabicDiacritics.test(c)) && rtlBuffer.length) {
                        rtlBuffer[rtlBuffer.length - 1] += c;
                    } else if (rtlRegex.test(c)
                        // include Arabic presentation forms
                        || (c.charCodeAt(0) >= 64336 && c.charCodeAt(0) <= 65023)
                        || (c.charCodeAt(0) >= 65136 && c.charCodeAt(0) <= 65279)) {
                        rtlBuffer.push(c);
                    } else if (c === ' ' && rtlBuffer.length) {
                        // whitespace within RTL text
                        rtlBuffer = [rtlBuffer.reverse().join('') + ' '];
                    } else {
                        // non-RTL character
                        ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('') + c;
                        rtlBuffer = [];
                    }
                }
            }
            ret += rtlBuffer.reverse().join('');
            return ret;
        }

        // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/772
        // http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/localstorage-pattern#comment-9
        var _storage;
        try { _storage = localStorage; } catch (e) {}  // eslint-disable-line no-empty
        _storage = _storage || (function () {
          var s = {};
          return {
            getItem: function (k) { return s[k]; },
            setItem: function (k, v) { return s[k] = v; },
            removeItem: function (k) { return delete s[k]; }
          };
        })();

        //
        // corePreferences is an interface for persisting basic key-value strings
        // within and between iD sessions on the same site.
        //
        function corePreferences(k, v) {

          try {
            if (arguments.length === 1) { return _storage.getItem(k); }
            else if (v === null) { _storage.removeItem(k); }
            else { _storage.setItem(k, v); }
          } catch (e) {
            /* eslint-disable no-console */
            if (typeof console !== 'undefined') {
              console.error('localStorage quota exceeded');
            }
            /* eslint-enable no-console */
          }

        }

        function responseText(response) {
          if (!response.ok) { throw new Error(response.status + " " + response.statusText); }
          return response.text();
        }

        function d3_text(input, init) {
          return fetch(input, init).then(responseText);
        }

        function responseJson(response) {
          if (!response.ok) { throw new Error(response.status + " " + response.statusText); }
          if (response.status === 204 || response.status === 205) { return; }
          return response.json();
        }

        function d3_json(input, init) {
          return fetch(input, init).then(responseJson);
        }

        function parser(type) {
          return function(input, init)  {
            return d3_text(input, init).then(function(text) {
              return (new DOMParser).parseFromString(text, type);
            });
          };
        }

        var d3_xml = parser("application/xml");

        var svg = parser("image/svg+xml");

        var _mainFileFetcher = coreFileFetcher(); // singleton

        //
        // coreFileFetcher asynchronously fetches data from JSON files
        //
        function coreFileFetcher() {
          var _this = {};
          var _inflight = {};
          var _fileMap = {
            'address_formats': 'data/address_formats.min.json',
            'deprecated': 'data/deprecated.min.json',
            'discarded': 'data/discarded.min.json',
            'imagery': 'data/imagery.min.json',
            'intro_graph': 'data/intro_graph.min.json',
            'keepRight': 'data/keepRight.min.json',
            'languages': 'data/languages.min.json',
            'locales': 'data/locales.min.json',
            'nsi_brands': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@4/dist/brands.min.json',
            'nsi_filters': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/name-suggestion-index@4/dist/filters.min.json',
            'oci_features': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@2/dist/features.min.json',
            'oci_resources': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/osm-community-index@2/dist/resources.min.json',
            'preset_categories': 'data/preset_categories.min.json',
            'preset_defaults': 'data/preset_defaults.min.json',
            'preset_fields': 'data/preset_fields.min.json',
            'preset_presets': 'data/preset_presets.min.json',
            'phone_formats': 'data/phone_formats.min.json',
            'qa_data': 'data/qa_data.min.json',
            'shortcuts': 'data/shortcuts.min.json',
            'territory_languages': 'data/territory_languages.min.json',
            'wmf_sitematrix': 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/wmf-sitematrix@0.1/wikipedia.min.json'
          };

          var _cachedData = {};
          // expose the cache; useful for tests
          _this.cache = function () { return _cachedData; };


          // Returns a Promise to fetch data
          // (resolved with the data if we have it already)
          _this.get = function (which) {
            if (_cachedData[which]) {
              return Promise.resolve(_cachedData[which]);
            }

            var file = _fileMap[which];
            var url = file && _this.asset(file);
            if (!url) {
              return Promise.reject(("Unknown data file for \"" + which + "\""));
            }

            var prom = _inflight[url];
            if (!prom) {
              _inflight[url] = prom = d3_json(url)
                .then(function (result) {
                  delete _inflight[url];
                  if (!result) {
                    throw new Error(("No data loaded for \"" + which + "\""));
                  }
                  _cachedData[which] = result;
                  return result;
                })
                .catch(function (err) {
                  delete _inflight[url];
                  throw err;
                });
            }

            return prom;
          };


          // Accessor for the file map
          _this.fileMap = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _fileMap; }
            _fileMap = val;
            return _this;
          };

          var _assetPath = '';
          _this.assetPath = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _assetPath; }
            _assetPath = val;
            return _this;
          };

          var _assetMap = {};
          _this.assetMap = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _assetMap; }
            _assetMap = val;
            return _this;
          };

          _this.asset = function (val) {
            if (/^http(s)?:\/\//i.test(val)) { return val; }
            var filename = _assetPath + val;
            return _assetMap[filename] || filename;
          };

          return _this;
        }

        var _detected;

        function utilDetect(refresh) {
          if (_detected && !refresh) { return _detected; }
          _detected = {};

          var ua = navigator.userAgent;
          var m = null;

          /* Browser */
          m = ua.match(/(edge)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i);   // Edge
          if (m !== null) {
            _detected.browser = m[1];
            _detected.version = m[2];
          }
          if (!_detected.browser) {
            m = ua.match(/Trident\/.*rv:([0-9]{1,}[\.0-9]{0,})/i);   // IE11
            if (m !== null) {
              _detected.browser = 'msie';
              _detected.version = m[1];
            }
          }
          if (!_detected.browser) {
            m = ua.match(/(opr)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i);   // Opera 15+
            if (m !== null) {
              _detected.browser = 'Opera';
              _detected.version = m[2];
            }
          }
          if (!_detected.browser) {
            m = ua.match(/(opera|chrome|safari|firefox|msie)\/?\s*(\.?\d+(\.\d+)*)/i);
            if (m !== null) {
              _detected.browser = m[1];
              _detected.version = m[2];
              m = ua.match(/version\/([\.\d]+)/i);
              if (m !== null) { _detected.version = m[1]; }
            }
          }
          if (!_detected.browser) {
            _detected.browser = navigator.appName;
            _detected.version = navigator.appVersion;
          }

          // keep major.minor version only..
          _detected.version = _detected.version.split(/\W/).slice(0,2).join('.');

          // detect other browser capabilities
          // Legacy Opera has incomplete svg style support. See #715
          _detected.opera = (_detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'opera' && parseFloat(_detected.version) < 15 );

          if (_detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'msie') {
            _detected.ie = true;
            _detected.browser = 'Internet Explorer';
            _detected.support = parseFloat(_detected.version) >= 11;
          } else {
            _detected.ie = false;
            _detected.support = true;
          }

          _detected.filedrop = (window.FileReader && 'ondrop' in window);
          _detected.download = !(_detected.ie || _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge');
          _detected.cssfilters = !(_detected.ie || _detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge');


          /* Platform */
          if (/Win/.test(ua)) {
            _detected.os = 'win';
            _detected.platform = 'Windows';
          } else if (/Mac/.test(ua)) {
            _detected.os = 'mac';
            _detected.platform = 'Macintosh';
          } else if (/X11/.test(ua) || /Linux/.test(ua)) {
            _detected.os = 'linux';
            _detected.platform = 'Linux';
          } else {
            _detected.os = 'win';
            _detected.platform = 'Unknown';
          }

          _detected.isMobileWebKit = (/\b(iPad|iPhone|iPod)\b/.test(ua) ||
            // HACK: iPadOS 13+ requests desktop sites by default by using a Mac user agent,
            // so assume any "mac" with multitouch is actually iOS
            (navigator.platform === 'MacIntel' && 'maxTouchPoints' in navigator && navigator.maxTouchPoints > 1)) &&
            /WebKit/.test(ua) &&
            !/Edge/.test(ua) &&
            !window.MSStream;


          /* Locale */
          // An array of locales requested by the browser in priority order.
          _detected.browserLocales = Array.from(new Set( // remove duplicates
              [navigator.language]
                .concat(navigator.languages || [])
                .concat([
                    // old property for backwards compatibility
                    navigator.userLanguage,
                    // fallback to English
                    'en'
                ])
                // remove any undefined values
                .filter(Boolean)
            ));


          /* Host */
          var loc = window.top.location;
          var origin = loc.origin;
          if (!origin) {  // for unpatched IE11
            origin = loc.protocol + '//' + loc.hostname + (loc.port ? ':' + loc.port: '');
          }

          _detected.host = origin + loc.pathname;


          return _detected;
        }

        var aesJs = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        /*! MIT License. Copyright 2015-2018 Richard Moore <me@ricmoo.com>. See LICENSE.txt. */
        (function(root) {

            function checkInt(value) {
                return (parseInt(value) === value);
            }

            function checkInts(arrayish) {
                if (!checkInt(arrayish.length)) { return false; }

                for (var i = 0; i < arrayish.length; i++) {
                    if (!checkInt(arrayish[i]) || arrayish[i] < 0 || arrayish[i] > 255) {
                        return false;
                    }
                }

                return true;
            }

            function coerceArray(arg, copy) {

                // ArrayBuffer view
                if (arg.buffer && arg.name === 'Uint8Array') {

                    if (copy) {
                        if (arg.slice) {
                            arg = arg.slice();
                        } else {
                            arg = Array.prototype.slice.call(arg);
                        }
                    }

                    return arg;
                }

                // It's an array; check it is a valid representation of a byte
                if (Array.isArray(arg)) {
                    if (!checkInts(arg)) {
                        throw new Error('Array contains invalid value: ' + arg);
                    }

                    return new Uint8Array(arg);
                }

                // Something else, but behaves like an array (maybe a Buffer? Arguments?)
                if (checkInt(arg.length) && checkInts(arg)) {
                    return new Uint8Array(arg);
                }

                throw new Error('unsupported array-like object');
            }

            function createArray(length) {
                return new Uint8Array(length);
            }

            function copyArray(sourceArray, targetArray, targetStart, sourceStart, sourceEnd) {
                if (sourceStart != null || sourceEnd != null) {
                    if (sourceArray.slice) {
                        sourceArray = sourceArray.slice(sourceStart, sourceEnd);
                    } else {
                        sourceArray = Array.prototype.slice.call(sourceArray, sourceStart, sourceEnd);
                    }
                }
                targetArray.set(sourceArray, targetStart);
            }



            var convertUtf8 = (function() {
                function toBytes(text) {
                    var result = [], i = 0;
                    text = encodeURI(text);
                    while (i < text.length) {
                        var c = text.charCodeAt(i++);

                        // if it is a % sign, encode the following 2 bytes as a hex value
                        if (c === 37) {
                            result.push(parseInt(text.substr(i, 2), 16));
                            i += 2;

                        // otherwise, just the actual byte
                        } else {
                            result.push(c);
                        }
                    }

                    return coerceArray(result);
                }

                function fromBytes(bytes) {
                    var result = [], i = 0;

                    while (i < bytes.length) {
                        var c = bytes[i];

                        if (c < 128) {
                            result.push(String.fromCharCode(c));
                            i++;
                        } else if (c > 191 && c < 224) {
                            result.push(String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x1f) << 6) | (bytes[i + 1] & 0x3f)));
                            i += 2;
                        } else {
                            result.push(String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x0f) << 12) | ((bytes[i + 1] & 0x3f) << 6) | (bytes[i + 2] & 0x3f)));
                            i += 3;
                        }
                    }

                    return result.join('');
                }

                return {
                    toBytes: toBytes,
                    fromBytes: fromBytes,
                }
            })();

            var convertHex = (function() {
                function toBytes(text) {
                    var result = [];
                    for (var i = 0; i < text.length; i += 2) {
                        result.push(parseInt(text.substr(i, 2), 16));
                    }

                    return result;
                }

                // http://ixti.net/development/javascript/2011/11/11/base64-encodedecode-of-utf8-in-browser-with-js.html
                var Hex = '0123456789abcdef';

                function fromBytes(bytes) {
                        var result = [];
                        for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
                            var v = bytes[i];
                            result.push(Hex[(v & 0xf0) >> 4] + Hex[v & 0x0f]);
                        }
                        return result.join('');
                }

                return {
                    toBytes: toBytes,
                    fromBytes: fromBytes,
                }
            })();


            // Number of rounds by keysize
            var numberOfRounds = {16: 10, 24: 12, 32: 14};

            // Round constant words
            var rcon = [0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91];

            // S-box and Inverse S-box (S is for Substitution)
            var S = [0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76, 0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0, 0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15, 0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75, 0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84, 0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf, 0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8, 0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2, 0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73, 0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb, 0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79, 0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08, 0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a, 0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e, 0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf, 0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16];
            var Si =[0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3, 0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb, 0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f, 0xff, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb, 0x54, 0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b, 0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e, 0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24, 0xb2, 0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25, 0x72, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d, 0x65, 0xb6, 0x92, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda, 0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84, 0x90, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a, 0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3, 0x45, 0x06, 0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02, 0xc1, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b, 0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea, 0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6, 0x73, 0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85, 0xe2, 0xf9, 0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e, 0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d, 0x29, 0xc5, 0x89, 0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b, 0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0, 0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4, 0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xc7, 0x31, 0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d, 0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f, 0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef, 0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5, 0xb0, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61, 0x17, 0x2b, 0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26, 0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d];

            // Transformations for encryption
            var T1 = [0xc66363a5, 0xf87c7c84, 0xee777799, 0xf67b7b8d, 0xfff2f20d, 0xd66b6bbd, 0xde6f6fb1, 0x91c5c554, 0x60303050, 0x02010103, 0xce6767a9, 0x562b2b7d, 0xe7fefe19, 0xb5d7d762, 0x4dababe6, 0xec76769a, 0x8fcaca45, 0x1f82829d, 0x89c9c940, 0xfa7d7d87, 0xeffafa15, 0xb25959eb, 0x8e4747c9, 0xfbf0f00b, 0x41adadec, 0xb3d4d467, 0x5fa2a2fd, 0x45afafea, 0x239c9cbf, 0x53a4a4f7, 0xe4727296, 0x9bc0c05b, 0x75b7b7c2, 0xe1fdfd1c, 0x3d9393ae, 0x4c26266a, 0x6c36365a, 0x7e3f3f41, 0xf5f7f702, 0x83cccc4f, 0x6834345c, 0x51a5a5f4, 0xd1e5e534, 0xf9f1f108, 0xe2717193, 0xabd8d873, 0x62313153, 0x2a15153f, 0x0804040c, 0x95c7c752, 0x46232365, 0x9dc3c35e, 0x30181828, 0x379696a1, 0x0a05050f, 0x2f9a9ab5, 0x0e070709, 0x24121236, 0x1b80809b, 0xdfe2e23d, 0xcdebeb26, 0x4e272769, 0x7fb2b2cd, 0xea75759f, 0x1209091b, 0x1d83839e, 0x582c2c74, 0x341a1a2e, 0x361b1b2d, 0xdc6e6eb2, 0xb45a5aee, 0x5ba0a0fb, 0xa45252f6, 0x763b3b4d, 0xb7d6d661, 0x7db3b3ce, 0x5229297b, 0xdde3e33e, 0x5e2f2f71, 0x13848497, 0xa65353f5, 0xb9d1d168, 0x00000000, 0xc1eded2c, 0x40202060, 0xe3fcfc1f, 0x79b1b1c8, 0xb65b5bed, 0xd46a6abe, 0x8dcbcb46, 0x67bebed9, 0x7239394b, 0x944a4ade, 0x984c4cd4, 0xb05858e8, 0x85cfcf4a, 0xbbd0d06b, 0xc5efef2a, 0x4faaaae5, 0xedfbfb16, 0x864343c5, 0x9a4d4dd7, 0x66333355, 0x11858594, 0x8a4545cf, 0xe9f9f910, 0x04020206, 0xfe7f7f81, 0xa05050f0, 0x783c3c44, 0x259f9fba, 0x4ba8a8e3, 0xa25151f3, 0x5da3a3fe, 0x804040c0, 0x058f8f8a, 0x3f9292ad, 0x219d9dbc, 0x70383848, 0xf1f5f504, 0x63bcbcdf, 0x77b6b6c1, 0xafdada75, 0x42212163, 0x20101030, 0xe5ffff1a, 0xfdf3f30e, 0xbfd2d26d, 0x81cdcd4c, 0x180c0c14, 0x26131335, 0xc3ecec2f, 0xbe5f5fe1, 0x359797a2, 0x884444cc, 0x2e171739, 0x93c4c457, 0x55a7a7f2, 0xfc7e7e82, 0x7a3d3d47, 0xc86464ac, 0xba5d5de7, 0x3219192b, 0xe6737395, 0xc06060a0, 0x19818198, 0x9e4f4fd1, 0xa3dcdc7f, 0x44222266, 0x542a2a7e, 0x3b9090ab, 0x0b888883, 0x8c4646ca, 0xc7eeee29, 0x6bb8b8d3, 0x2814143c, 0xa7dede79, 0xbc5e5ee2, 0x160b0b1d, 0xaddbdb76, 0xdbe0e03b, 0x64323256, 0x743a3a4e, 0x140a0a1e, 0x924949db, 0x0c06060a, 0x4824246c, 0xb85c5ce4, 0x9fc2c25d, 0xbdd3d36e, 0x43acacef, 0xc46262a6, 0x399191a8, 0x319595a4, 0xd3e4e437, 0xf279798b, 0xd5e7e732, 0x8bc8c843, 0x6e373759, 0xda6d6db7, 0x018d8d8c, 0xb1d5d564, 0x9c4e4ed2, 0x49a9a9e0, 0xd86c6cb4, 0xac5656fa, 0xf3f4f407, 0xcfeaea25, 0xca6565af, 0xf47a7a8e, 0x47aeaee9, 0x10080818, 0x6fbabad5, 0xf0787888, 0x4a25256f, 0x5c2e2e72, 0x381c1c24, 0x57a6a6f1, 0x73b4b4c7, 0x97c6c651, 0xcbe8e823, 0xa1dddd7c, 0xe874749c, 0x3e1f1f21, 0x964b4bdd, 0x61bdbddc, 0x0d8b8b86, 0x0f8a8a85, 0xe0707090, 0x7c3e3e42, 0x71b5b5c4, 0xcc6666aa, 0x904848d8, 0x06030305, 0xf7f6f601, 0x1c0e0e12, 0xc26161a3, 0x6a35355f, 0xae5757f9, 0x69b9b9d0, 0x17868691, 0x99c1c158, 0x3a1d1d27, 0x279e9eb9, 0xd9e1e138, 0xebf8f813, 0x2b9898b3, 0x22111133, 0xd26969bb, 0xa9d9d970, 0x078e8e89, 0x339494a7, 0x2d9b9bb6, 0x3c1e1e22, 0x15878792, 0xc9e9e920, 0x87cece49, 0xaa5555ff, 0x50282878, 0xa5dfdf7a, 0x038c8c8f, 0x59a1a1f8, 0x09898980, 0x1a0d0d17, 0x65bfbfda, 0xd7e6e631, 0x844242c6, 0xd06868b8, 0x824141c3, 0x299999b0, 0x5a2d2d77, 0x1e0f0f11, 0x7bb0b0cb, 0xa85454fc, 0x6dbbbbd6, 0x2c16163a];
            var T2 = [0xa5c66363, 0x84f87c7c, 0x99ee7777, 0x8df67b7b, 0x0dfff2f2, 0xbdd66b6b, 0xb1de6f6f, 0x5491c5c5, 0x50603030, 0x03020101, 0xa9ce6767, 0x7d562b2b, 0x19e7fefe, 0x62b5d7d7, 0xe64dabab, 0x9aec7676, 0x458fcaca, 0x9d1f8282, 0x4089c9c9, 0x87fa7d7d, 0x15effafa, 0xebb25959, 0xc98e4747, 0x0bfbf0f0, 0xec41adad, 0x67b3d4d4, 0xfd5fa2a2, 0xea45afaf, 0xbf239c9c, 0xf753a4a4, 0x96e47272, 0x5b9bc0c0, 0xc275b7b7, 0x1ce1fdfd, 0xae3d9393, 0x6a4c2626, 0x5a6c3636, 0x417e3f3f, 0x02f5f7f7, 0x4f83cccc, 0x5c683434, 0xf451a5a5, 0x34d1e5e5, 0x08f9f1f1, 0x93e27171, 0x73abd8d8, 0x53623131, 0x3f2a1515, 0x0c080404, 0x5295c7c7, 0x65462323, 0x5e9dc3c3, 0x28301818, 0xa1379696, 0x0f0a0505, 0xb52f9a9a, 0x090e0707, 0x36241212, 0x9b1b8080, 0x3ddfe2e2, 0x26cdebeb, 0x694e2727, 0xcd7fb2b2, 0x9fea7575, 0x1b120909, 0x9e1d8383, 0x74582c2c, 0x2e341a1a, 0x2d361b1b, 0xb2dc6e6e, 0xeeb45a5a, 0xfb5ba0a0, 0xf6a45252, 0x4d763b3b, 0x61b7d6d6, 0xce7db3b3, 0x7b522929, 0x3edde3e3, 0x715e2f2f, 0x97138484, 0xf5a65353, 0x68b9d1d1, 0x00000000, 0x2cc1eded, 0x60402020, 0x1fe3fcfc, 0xc879b1b1, 0xedb65b5b, 0xbed46a6a, 0x468dcbcb, 0xd967bebe, 0x4b723939, 0xde944a4a, 0xd4984c4c, 0xe8b05858, 0x4a85cfcf, 0x6bbbd0d0, 0x2ac5efef, 0xe54faaaa, 0x16edfbfb, 0xc5864343, 0xd79a4d4d, 0x55663333, 0x94118585, 0xcf8a4545, 0x10e9f9f9, 0x06040202, 0x81fe7f7f, 0xf0a05050, 0x44783c3c, 0xba259f9f, 0xe34ba8a8, 0xf3a25151, 0xfe5da3a3, 0xc0804040, 0x8a058f8f, 0xad3f9292, 0xbc219d9d, 0x48703838, 0x04f1f5f5, 0xdf63bcbc, 0xc177b6b6, 0x75afdada, 0x63422121, 0x30201010, 0x1ae5ffff, 0x0efdf3f3, 0x6dbfd2d2, 0x4c81cdcd, 0x14180c0c, 0x35261313, 0x2fc3ecec, 0xe1be5f5f, 0xa2359797, 0xcc884444, 0x392e1717, 0x5793c4c4, 0xf255a7a7, 0x82fc7e7e, 0x477a3d3d, 0xacc86464, 0xe7ba5d5d, 0x2b321919, 0x95e67373, 0xa0c06060, 0x98198181, 0xd19e4f4f, 0x7fa3dcdc, 0x66442222, 0x7e542a2a, 0xab3b9090, 0x830b8888, 0xca8c4646, 0x29c7eeee, 0xd36bb8b8, 0x3c281414, 0x79a7dede, 0xe2bc5e5e, 0x1d160b0b, 0x76addbdb, 0x3bdbe0e0, 0x56643232, 0x4e743a3a, 0x1e140a0a, 0xdb924949, 0x0a0c0606, 0x6c482424, 0xe4b85c5c, 0x5d9fc2c2, 0x6ebdd3d3, 0xef43acac, 0xa6c46262, 0xa8399191, 0xa4319595, 0x37d3e4e4, 0x8bf27979, 0x32d5e7e7, 0x438bc8c8, 0x596e3737, 0xb7da6d6d, 0x8c018d8d, 0x64b1d5d5, 0xd29c4e4e, 0xe049a9a9, 0xb4d86c6c, 0xfaac5656, 0x07f3f4f4, 0x25cfeaea, 0xafca6565, 0x8ef47a7a, 0xe947aeae, 0x18100808, 0xd56fbaba, 0x88f07878, 0x6f4a2525, 0x725c2e2e, 0x24381c1c, 0xf157a6a6, 0xc773b4b4, 0x5197c6c6, 0x23cbe8e8, 0x7ca1dddd, 0x9ce87474, 0x213e1f1f, 0xdd964b4b, 0xdc61bdbd, 0x860d8b8b, 0x850f8a8a, 0x90e07070, 0x427c3e3e, 0xc471b5b5, 0xaacc6666, 0xd8904848, 0x05060303, 0x01f7f6f6, 0x121c0e0e, 0xa3c26161, 0x5f6a3535, 0xf9ae5757, 0xd069b9b9, 0x91178686, 0x5899c1c1, 0x273a1d1d, 0xb9279e9e, 0x38d9e1e1, 0x13ebf8f8, 0xb32b9898, 0x33221111, 0xbbd26969, 0x70a9d9d9, 0x89078e8e, 0xa7339494, 0xb62d9b9b, 0x223c1e1e, 0x92158787, 0x20c9e9e9, 0x4987cece, 0xffaa5555, 0x78502828, 0x7aa5dfdf, 0x8f038c8c, 0xf859a1a1, 0x80098989, 0x171a0d0d, 0xda65bfbf, 0x31d7e6e6, 0xc6844242, 0xb8d06868, 0xc3824141, 0xb0299999, 0x775a2d2d, 0x111e0f0f, 0xcb7bb0b0, 0xfca85454, 0xd66dbbbb, 0x3a2c1616];
            var T3 = [0x63a5c663, 0x7c84f87c, 0x7799ee77, 0x7b8df67b, 0xf20dfff2, 0x6bbdd66b, 0x6fb1de6f, 0xc55491c5, 0x30506030, 0x01030201, 0x67a9ce67, 0x2b7d562b, 0xfe19e7fe, 0xd762b5d7, 0xabe64dab, 0x769aec76, 0xca458fca, 0x829d1f82, 0xc94089c9, 0x7d87fa7d, 0xfa15effa, 0x59ebb259, 0x47c98e47, 0xf00bfbf0, 0xadec41ad, 0xd467b3d4, 0xa2fd5fa2, 0xafea45af, 0x9cbf239c, 0xa4f753a4, 0x7296e472, 0xc05b9bc0, 0xb7c275b7, 0xfd1ce1fd, 0x93ae3d93, 0x266a4c26, 0x365a6c36, 0x3f417e3f, 0xf702f5f7, 0xcc4f83cc, 0x345c6834, 0xa5f451a5, 0xe534d1e5, 0xf108f9f1, 0x7193e271, 0xd873abd8, 0x31536231, 0x153f2a15, 0x040c0804, 0xc75295c7, 0x23654623, 0xc35e9dc3, 0x18283018, 0x96a13796, 0x050f0a05, 0x9ab52f9a, 0x07090e07, 0x12362412, 0x809b1b80, 0xe23ddfe2, 0xeb26cdeb, 0x27694e27, 0xb2cd7fb2, 0x759fea75, 0x091b1209, 0x839e1d83, 0x2c74582c, 0x1a2e341a, 0x1b2d361b, 0x6eb2dc6e, 0x5aeeb45a, 0xa0fb5ba0, 0x52f6a452, 0x3b4d763b, 0xd661b7d6, 0xb3ce7db3, 0x297b5229, 0xe33edde3, 0x2f715e2f, 0x84971384, 0x53f5a653, 0xd168b9d1, 0x00000000, 0xed2cc1ed, 0x20604020, 0xfc1fe3fc, 0xb1c879b1, 0x5bedb65b, 0x6abed46a, 0xcb468dcb, 0xbed967be, 0x394b7239, 0x4ade944a, 0x4cd4984c, 0x58e8b058, 0xcf4a85cf, 0xd06bbbd0, 0xef2ac5ef, 0xaae54faa, 0xfb16edfb, 0x43c58643, 0x4dd79a4d, 0x33556633, 0x85941185, 0x45cf8a45, 0xf910e9f9, 0x02060402, 0x7f81fe7f, 0x50f0a050, 0x3c44783c, 0x9fba259f, 0xa8e34ba8, 0x51f3a251, 0xa3fe5da3, 0x40c08040, 0x8f8a058f, 0x92ad3f92, 0x9dbc219d, 0x38487038, 0xf504f1f5, 0xbcdf63bc, 0xb6c177b6, 0xda75afda, 0x21634221, 0x10302010, 0xff1ae5ff, 0xf30efdf3, 0xd26dbfd2, 0xcd4c81cd, 0x0c14180c, 0x13352613, 0xec2fc3ec, 0x5fe1be5f, 0x97a23597, 0x44cc8844, 0x17392e17, 0xc45793c4, 0xa7f255a7, 0x7e82fc7e, 0x3d477a3d, 0x64acc864, 0x5de7ba5d, 0x192b3219, 0x7395e673, 0x60a0c060, 0x81981981, 0x4fd19e4f, 0xdc7fa3dc, 0x22664422, 0x2a7e542a, 0x90ab3b90, 0x88830b88, 0x46ca8c46, 0xee29c7ee, 0xb8d36bb8, 0x143c2814, 0xde79a7de, 0x5ee2bc5e, 0x0b1d160b, 0xdb76addb, 0xe03bdbe0, 0x32566432, 0x3a4e743a, 0x0a1e140a, 0x49db9249, 0x060a0c06, 0x246c4824, 0x5ce4b85c, 0xc25d9fc2, 0xd36ebdd3, 0xacef43ac, 0x62a6c462, 0x91a83991, 0x95a43195, 0xe437d3e4, 0x798bf279, 0xe732d5e7, 0xc8438bc8, 0x37596e37, 0x6db7da6d, 0x8d8c018d, 0xd564b1d5, 0x4ed29c4e, 0xa9e049a9, 0x6cb4d86c, 0x56faac56, 0xf407f3f4, 0xea25cfea, 0x65afca65, 0x7a8ef47a, 0xaee947ae, 0x08181008, 0xbad56fba, 0x7888f078, 0x256f4a25, 0x2e725c2e, 0x1c24381c, 0xa6f157a6, 0xb4c773b4, 0xc65197c6, 0xe823cbe8, 0xdd7ca1dd, 0x749ce874, 0x1f213e1f, 0x4bdd964b, 0xbddc61bd, 0x8b860d8b, 0x8a850f8a, 0x7090e070, 0x3e427c3e, 0xb5c471b5, 0x66aacc66, 0x48d89048, 0x03050603, 0xf601f7f6, 0x0e121c0e, 0x61a3c261, 0x355f6a35, 0x57f9ae57, 0xb9d069b9, 0x86911786, 0xc15899c1, 0x1d273a1d, 0x9eb9279e, 0xe138d9e1, 0xf813ebf8, 0x98b32b98, 0x11332211, 0x69bbd269, 0xd970a9d9, 0x8e89078e, 0x94a73394, 0x9bb62d9b, 0x1e223c1e, 0x87921587, 0xe920c9e9, 0xce4987ce, 0x55ffaa55, 0x28785028, 0xdf7aa5df, 0x8c8f038c, 0xa1f859a1, 0x89800989, 0x0d171a0d, 0xbfda65bf, 0xe631d7e6, 0x42c68442, 0x68b8d068, 0x41c38241, 0x99b02999, 0x2d775a2d, 0x0f111e0f, 0xb0cb7bb0, 0x54fca854, 0xbbd66dbb, 0x163a2c16];
            var T4 = [0x6363a5c6, 0x7c7c84f8, 0x777799ee, 0x7b7b8df6, 0xf2f20dff, 0x6b6bbdd6, 0x6f6fb1de, 0xc5c55491, 0x30305060, 0x01010302, 0x6767a9ce, 0x2b2b7d56, 0xfefe19e7, 0xd7d762b5, 0xababe64d, 0x76769aec, 0xcaca458f, 0x82829d1f, 0xc9c94089, 0x7d7d87fa, 0xfafa15ef, 0x5959ebb2, 0x4747c98e, 0xf0f00bfb, 0xadadec41, 0xd4d467b3, 0xa2a2fd5f, 0xafafea45, 0x9c9cbf23, 0xa4a4f753, 0x727296e4, 0xc0c05b9b, 0xb7b7c275, 0xfdfd1ce1, 0x9393ae3d, 0x26266a4c, 0x36365a6c, 0x3f3f417e, 0xf7f702f5, 0xcccc4f83, 0x34345c68, 0xa5a5f451, 0xe5e534d1, 0xf1f108f9, 0x717193e2, 0xd8d873ab, 0x31315362, 0x15153f2a, 0x04040c08, 0xc7c75295, 0x23236546, 0xc3c35e9d, 0x18182830, 0x9696a137, 0x05050f0a, 0x9a9ab52f, 0x0707090e, 0x12123624, 0x80809b1b, 0xe2e23ddf, 0xebeb26cd, 0x2727694e, 0xb2b2cd7f, 0x75759fea, 0x09091b12, 0x83839e1d, 0x2c2c7458, 0x1a1a2e34, 0x1b1b2d36, 0x6e6eb2dc, 0x5a5aeeb4, 0xa0a0fb5b, 0x5252f6a4, 0x3b3b4d76, 0xd6d661b7, 0xb3b3ce7d, 0x29297b52, 0xe3e33edd, 0x2f2f715e, 0x84849713, 0x5353f5a6, 0xd1d168b9, 0x00000000, 0xeded2cc1, 0x20206040, 0xfcfc1fe3, 0xb1b1c879, 0x5b5bedb6, 0x6a6abed4, 0xcbcb468d, 0xbebed967, 0x39394b72, 0x4a4ade94, 0x4c4cd498, 0x5858e8b0, 0xcfcf4a85, 0xd0d06bbb, 0xefef2ac5, 0xaaaae54f, 0xfbfb16ed, 0x4343c586, 0x4d4dd79a, 0x33335566, 0x85859411, 0x4545cf8a, 0xf9f910e9, 0x02020604, 0x7f7f81fe, 0x5050f0a0, 0x3c3c4478, 0x9f9fba25, 0xa8a8e34b, 0x5151f3a2, 0xa3a3fe5d, 0x4040c080, 0x8f8f8a05, 0x9292ad3f, 0x9d9dbc21, 0x38384870, 0xf5f504f1, 0xbcbcdf63, 0xb6b6c177, 0xdada75af, 0x21216342, 0x10103020, 0xffff1ae5, 0xf3f30efd, 0xd2d26dbf, 0xcdcd4c81, 0x0c0c1418, 0x13133526, 0xecec2fc3, 0x5f5fe1be, 0x9797a235, 0x4444cc88, 0x1717392e, 0xc4c45793, 0xa7a7f255, 0x7e7e82fc, 0x3d3d477a, 0x6464acc8, 0x5d5de7ba, 0x19192b32, 0x737395e6, 0x6060a0c0, 0x81819819, 0x4f4fd19e, 0xdcdc7fa3, 0x22226644, 0x2a2a7e54, 0x9090ab3b, 0x8888830b, 0x4646ca8c, 0xeeee29c7, 0xb8b8d36b, 0x14143c28, 0xdede79a7, 0x5e5ee2bc, 0x0b0b1d16, 0xdbdb76ad, 0xe0e03bdb, 0x32325664, 0x3a3a4e74, 0x0a0a1e14, 0x4949db92, 0x06060a0c, 0x24246c48, 0x5c5ce4b8, 0xc2c25d9f, 0xd3d36ebd, 0xacacef43, 0x6262a6c4, 0x9191a839, 0x9595a431, 0xe4e437d3, 0x79798bf2, 0xe7e732d5, 0xc8c8438b, 0x3737596e, 0x6d6db7da, 0x8d8d8c01, 0xd5d564b1, 0x4e4ed29c, 0xa9a9e049, 0x6c6cb4d8, 0x5656faac, 0xf4f407f3, 0xeaea25cf, 0x6565afca, 0x7a7a8ef4, 0xaeaee947, 0x08081810, 0xbabad56f, 0x787888f0, 0x25256f4a, 0x2e2e725c, 0x1c1c2438, 0xa6a6f157, 0xb4b4c773, 0xc6c65197, 0xe8e823cb, 0xdddd7ca1, 0x74749ce8, 0x1f1f213e, 0x4b4bdd96, 0xbdbddc61, 0x8b8b860d, 0x8a8a850f, 0x707090e0, 0x3e3e427c, 0xb5b5c471, 0x6666aacc, 0x4848d890, 0x03030506, 0xf6f601f7, 0x0e0e121c, 0x6161a3c2, 0x35355f6a, 0x5757f9ae, 0xb9b9d069, 0x86869117, 0xc1c15899, 0x1d1d273a, 0x9e9eb927, 0xe1e138d9, 0xf8f813eb, 0x9898b32b, 0x11113322, 0x6969bbd2, 0xd9d970a9, 0x8e8e8907, 0x9494a733, 0x9b9bb62d, 0x1e1e223c, 0x87879215, 0xe9e920c9, 0xcece4987, 0x5555ffaa, 0x28287850, 0xdfdf7aa5, 0x8c8c8f03, 0xa1a1f859, 0x89898009, 0x0d0d171a, 0xbfbfda65, 0xe6e631d7, 0x4242c684, 0x6868b8d0, 0x4141c382, 0x9999b029, 0x2d2d775a, 0x0f0f111e, 0xb0b0cb7b, 0x5454fca8, 0xbbbbd66d, 0x16163a2c];

            // Transformations for decryption
            var T5 = [0x51f4a750, 0x7e416553, 0x1a17a4c3, 0x3a275e96, 0x3bab6bcb, 0x1f9d45f1, 0xacfa58ab, 0x4be30393, 0x2030fa55, 0xad766df6, 0x88cc7691, 0xf5024c25, 0x4fe5d7fc, 0xc52acbd7, 0x26354480, 0xb562a38f, 0xdeb15a49, 0x25ba1b67, 0x45ea0e98, 0x5dfec0e1, 0xc32f7502, 0x814cf012, 0x8d4697a3, 0x6bd3f9c6, 0x038f5fe7, 0x15929c95, 0xbf6d7aeb, 0x955259da, 0xd4be832d, 0x587421d3, 0x49e06929, 0x8ec9c844, 0x75c2896a, 0xf48e7978, 0x99583e6b, 0x27b971dd, 0xbee14fb6, 0xf088ad17, 0xc920ac66, 0x7dce3ab4, 0x63df4a18, 0xe51a3182, 0x97513360, 0x62537f45, 0xb16477e0, 0xbb6bae84, 0xfe81a01c, 0xf9082b94, 0x70486858, 0x8f45fd19, 0x94de6c87, 0x527bf8b7, 0xab73d323, 0x724b02e2, 0xe31f8f57, 0x6655ab2a, 0xb2eb2807, 0x2fb5c203, 0x86c57b9a, 0xd33708a5, 0x302887f2, 0x23bfa5b2, 0x02036aba, 0xed16825c, 0x8acf1c2b, 0xa779b492, 0xf307f2f0, 0x4e69e2a1, 0x65daf4cd, 0x0605bed5, 0xd134621f, 0xc4a6fe8a, 0x342e539d, 0xa2f355a0, 0x058ae132, 0xa4f6eb75, 0x0b83ec39, 0x4060efaa, 0x5e719f06, 0xbd6e1051, 0x3e218af9, 0x96dd063d, 0xdd3e05ae, 0x4de6bd46, 0x91548db5, 0x71c45d05, 0x0406d46f, 0x605015ff, 0x1998fb24, 0xd6bde997, 0x894043cc, 0x67d99e77, 0xb0e842bd, 0x07898b88, 0xe7195b38, 0x79c8eedb, 0xa17c0a47, 0x7c420fe9, 0xf8841ec9, 0x00000000, 0x09808683, 0x322bed48, 0x1e1170ac, 0x6c5a724e, 0xfd0efffb, 0x0f853856, 0x3daed51e, 0x362d3927, 0x0a0fd964, 0x685ca621, 0x9b5b54d1, 0x24362e3a, 0x0c0a67b1, 0x9357e70f, 0xb4ee96d2, 0x1b9b919e, 0x80c0c54f, 0x61dc20a2, 0x5a774b69, 0x1c121a16, 0xe293ba0a, 0xc0a02ae5, 0x3c22e043, 0x121b171d, 0x0e090d0b, 0xf28bc7ad, 0x2db6a8b9, 0x141ea9c8, 0x57f11985, 0xaf75074c, 0xee99ddbb, 0xa37f60fd, 0xf701269f, 0x5c72f5bc, 0x44663bc5, 0x5bfb7e34, 0x8b432976, 0xcb23c6dc, 0xb6edfc68, 0xb8e4f163, 0xd731dcca, 0x42638510, 0x13972240, 0x84c61120, 0x854a247d, 0xd2bb3df8, 0xaef93211, 0xc729a16d, 0x1d9e2f4b, 0xdcb230f3, 0x0d8652ec, 0x77c1e3d0, 0x2bb3166c, 0xa970b999, 0x119448fa, 0x47e96422, 0xa8fc8cc4, 0xa0f03f1a, 0x567d2cd8, 0x223390ef, 0x87494ec7, 0xd938d1c1, 0x8ccaa2fe, 0x98d40b36, 0xa6f581cf, 0xa57ade28, 0xdab78e26, 0x3fadbfa4, 0x2c3a9de4, 0x5078920d, 0x6a5fcc9b, 0x547e4662, 0xf68d13c2, 0x90d8b8e8, 0x2e39f75e, 0x82c3aff5, 0x9f5d80be, 0x69d0937c, 0x6fd52da9, 0xcf2512b3, 0xc8ac993b, 0x10187da7, 0xe89c636e, 0xdb3bbb7b, 0xcd267809, 0x6e5918f4, 0xec9ab701, 0x834f9aa8, 0xe6956e65, 0xaaffe67e, 0x21bccf08, 0xef15e8e6, 0xbae79bd9, 0x4a6f36ce, 0xea9f09d4, 0x29b07cd6, 0x31a4b2af, 0x2a3f2331, 0xc6a59430, 0x35a266c0, 0x744ebc37, 0xfc82caa6, 0xe090d0b0, 0x33a7d815, 0xf104984a, 0x41ecdaf7, 0x7fcd500e, 0x1791f62f, 0x764dd68d, 0x43efb04d, 0xccaa4d54, 0xe49604df, 0x9ed1b5e3, 0x4c6a881b, 0xc12c1fb8, 0x4665517f, 0x9d5eea04, 0x018c355d, 0xfa877473, 0xfb0b412e, 0xb3671d5a, 0x92dbd252, 0xe9105633, 0x6dd64713, 0x9ad7618c, 0x37a10c7a, 0x59f8148e, 0xeb133c89, 0xcea927ee, 0xb761c935, 0xe11ce5ed, 0x7a47b13c, 0x9cd2df59, 0x55f2733f, 0x1814ce79, 0x73c737bf, 0x53f7cdea, 0x5ffdaa5b, 0xdf3d6f14, 0x7844db86, 0xcaaff381, 0xb968c43e, 0x3824342c, 0xc2a3405f, 0x161dc372, 0xbce2250c, 0x283c498b, 0xff0d9541, 0x39a80171, 0x080cb3de, 0xd8b4e49c, 0x6456c190, 0x7bcb8461, 0xd532b670, 0x486c5c74, 0xd0b85742];
            var T6 = [0x5051f4a7, 0x537e4165, 0xc31a17a4, 0x963a275e, 0xcb3bab6b, 0xf11f9d45, 0xabacfa58, 0x934be303, 0x552030fa, 0xf6ad766d, 0x9188cc76, 0x25f5024c, 0xfc4fe5d7, 0xd7c52acb, 0x80263544, 0x8fb562a3, 0x49deb15a, 0x6725ba1b, 0x9845ea0e, 0xe15dfec0, 0x02c32f75, 0x12814cf0, 0xa38d4697, 0xc66bd3f9, 0xe7038f5f, 0x9515929c, 0xebbf6d7a, 0xda955259, 0x2dd4be83, 0xd3587421, 0x2949e069, 0x448ec9c8, 0x6a75c289, 0x78f48e79, 0x6b99583e, 0xdd27b971, 0xb6bee14f, 0x17f088ad, 0x66c920ac, 0xb47dce3a, 0x1863df4a, 0x82e51a31, 0x60975133, 0x4562537f, 0xe0b16477, 0x84bb6bae, 0x1cfe81a0, 0x94f9082b, 0x58704868, 0x198f45fd, 0x8794de6c, 0xb7527bf8, 0x23ab73d3, 0xe2724b02, 0x57e31f8f, 0x2a6655ab, 0x07b2eb28, 0x032fb5c2, 0x9a86c57b, 0xa5d33708, 0xf2302887, 0xb223bfa5, 0xba02036a, 0x5ced1682, 0x2b8acf1c, 0x92a779b4, 0xf0f307f2, 0xa14e69e2, 0xcd65daf4, 0xd50605be, 0x1fd13462, 0x8ac4a6fe, 0x9d342e53, 0xa0a2f355, 0x32058ae1, 0x75a4f6eb, 0x390b83ec, 0xaa4060ef, 0x065e719f, 0x51bd6e10, 0xf93e218a, 0x3d96dd06, 0xaedd3e05, 0x464de6bd, 0xb591548d, 0x0571c45d, 0x6f0406d4, 0xff605015, 0x241998fb, 0x97d6bde9, 0xcc894043, 0x7767d99e, 0xbdb0e842, 0x8807898b, 0x38e7195b, 0xdb79c8ee, 0x47a17c0a, 0xe97c420f, 0xc9f8841e, 0x00000000, 0x83098086, 0x48322bed, 0xac1e1170, 0x4e6c5a72, 0xfbfd0eff, 0x560f8538, 0x1e3daed5, 0x27362d39, 0x640a0fd9, 0x21685ca6, 0xd19b5b54, 0x3a24362e, 0xb10c0a67, 0x0f9357e7, 0xd2b4ee96, 0x9e1b9b91, 0x4f80c0c5, 0xa261dc20, 0x695a774b, 0x161c121a, 0x0ae293ba, 0xe5c0a02a, 0x433c22e0, 0x1d121b17, 0x0b0e090d, 0xadf28bc7, 0xb92db6a8, 0xc8141ea9, 0x8557f119, 0x4caf7507, 0xbbee99dd, 0xfda37f60, 0x9ff70126, 0xbc5c72f5, 0xc544663b, 0x345bfb7e, 0x768b4329, 0xdccb23c6, 0x68b6edfc, 0x63b8e4f1, 0xcad731dc, 0x10426385, 0x40139722, 0x2084c611, 0x7d854a24, 0xf8d2bb3d, 0x11aef932, 0x6dc729a1, 0x4b1d9e2f, 0xf3dcb230, 0xec0d8652, 0xd077c1e3, 0x6c2bb316, 0x99a970b9, 0xfa119448, 0x2247e964, 0xc4a8fc8c, 0x1aa0f03f, 0xd8567d2c, 0xef223390, 0xc787494e, 0xc1d938d1, 0xfe8ccaa2, 0x3698d40b, 0xcfa6f581, 0x28a57ade, 0x26dab78e, 0xa43fadbf, 0xe42c3a9d, 0x0d507892, 0x9b6a5fcc, 0x62547e46, 0xc2f68d13, 0xe890d8b8, 0x5e2e39f7, 0xf582c3af, 0xbe9f5d80, 0x7c69d093, 0xa96fd52d, 0xb3cf2512, 0x3bc8ac99, 0xa710187d, 0x6ee89c63, 0x7bdb3bbb, 0x09cd2678, 0xf46e5918, 0x01ec9ab7, 0xa8834f9a, 0x65e6956e, 0x7eaaffe6, 0x0821bccf, 0xe6ef15e8, 0xd9bae79b, 0xce4a6f36, 0xd4ea9f09, 0xd629b07c, 0xaf31a4b2, 0x312a3f23, 0x30c6a594, 0xc035a266, 0x37744ebc, 0xa6fc82ca, 0xb0e090d0, 0x1533a7d8, 0x4af10498, 0xf741ecda, 0x0e7fcd50, 0x2f1791f6, 0x8d764dd6, 0x4d43efb0, 0x54ccaa4d, 0xdfe49604, 0xe39ed1b5, 0x1b4c6a88, 0xb8c12c1f, 0x7f466551, 0x049d5eea, 0x5d018c35, 0x73fa8774, 0x2efb0b41, 0x5ab3671d, 0x5292dbd2, 0x33e91056, 0x136dd647, 0x8c9ad761, 0x7a37a10c, 0x8e59f814, 0x89eb133c, 0xeecea927, 0x35b761c9, 0xede11ce5, 0x3c7a47b1, 0x599cd2df, 0x3f55f273, 0x791814ce, 0xbf73c737, 0xea53f7cd, 0x5b5ffdaa, 0x14df3d6f, 0x867844db, 0x81caaff3, 0x3eb968c4, 0x2c382434, 0x5fc2a340, 0x72161dc3, 0x0cbce225, 0x8b283c49, 0x41ff0d95, 0x7139a801, 0xde080cb3, 0x9cd8b4e4, 0x906456c1, 0x617bcb84, 0x70d532b6, 0x74486c5c, 0x42d0b857];
            var T7 = [0xa75051f4, 0x65537e41, 0xa4c31a17, 0x5e963a27, 0x6bcb3bab, 0x45f11f9d, 0x58abacfa, 0x03934be3, 0xfa552030, 0x6df6ad76, 0x769188cc, 0x4c25f502, 0xd7fc4fe5, 0xcbd7c52a, 0x44802635, 0xa38fb562, 0x5a49deb1, 0x1b6725ba, 0x0e9845ea, 0xc0e15dfe, 0x7502c32f, 0xf012814c, 0x97a38d46, 0xf9c66bd3, 0x5fe7038f, 0x9c951592, 0x7aebbf6d, 0x59da9552, 0x832dd4be, 0x21d35874, 0x692949e0, 0xc8448ec9, 0x896a75c2, 0x7978f48e, 0x3e6b9958, 0x71dd27b9, 0x4fb6bee1, 0xad17f088, 0xac66c920, 0x3ab47dce, 0x4a1863df, 0x3182e51a, 0x33609751, 0x7f456253, 0x77e0b164, 0xae84bb6b, 0xa01cfe81, 0x2b94f908, 0x68587048, 0xfd198f45, 0x6c8794de, 0xf8b7527b, 0xd323ab73, 0x02e2724b, 0x8f57e31f, 0xab2a6655, 0x2807b2eb, 0xc2032fb5, 0x7b9a86c5, 0x08a5d337, 0x87f23028, 0xa5b223bf, 0x6aba0203, 0x825ced16, 0x1c2b8acf, 0xb492a779, 0xf2f0f307, 0xe2a14e69, 0xf4cd65da, 0xbed50605, 0x621fd134, 0xfe8ac4a6, 0x539d342e, 0x55a0a2f3, 0xe132058a, 0xeb75a4f6, 0xec390b83, 0xefaa4060, 0x9f065e71, 0x1051bd6e, 0x8af93e21, 0x063d96dd, 0x05aedd3e, 0xbd464de6, 0x8db59154, 0x5d0571c4, 0xd46f0406, 0x15ff6050, 0xfb241998, 0xe997d6bd, 0x43cc8940, 0x9e7767d9, 0x42bdb0e8, 0x8b880789, 0x5b38e719, 0xeedb79c8, 0x0a47a17c, 0x0fe97c42, 0x1ec9f884, 0x00000000, 0x86830980, 0xed48322b, 0x70ac1e11, 0x724e6c5a, 0xfffbfd0e, 0x38560f85, 0xd51e3dae, 0x3927362d, 0xd9640a0f, 0xa621685c, 0x54d19b5b, 0x2e3a2436, 0x67b10c0a, 0xe70f9357, 0x96d2b4ee, 0x919e1b9b, 0xc54f80c0, 0x20a261dc, 0x4b695a77, 0x1a161c12, 0xba0ae293, 0x2ae5c0a0, 0xe0433c22, 0x171d121b, 0x0d0b0e09, 0xc7adf28b, 0xa8b92db6, 0xa9c8141e, 0x198557f1, 0x074caf75, 0xddbbee99, 0x60fda37f, 0x269ff701, 0xf5bc5c72, 0x3bc54466, 0x7e345bfb, 0x29768b43, 0xc6dccb23, 0xfc68b6ed, 0xf163b8e4, 0xdccad731, 0x85104263, 0x22401397, 0x112084c6, 0x247d854a, 0x3df8d2bb, 0x3211aef9, 0xa16dc729, 0x2f4b1d9e, 0x30f3dcb2, 0x52ec0d86, 0xe3d077c1, 0x166c2bb3, 0xb999a970, 0x48fa1194, 0x642247e9, 0x8cc4a8fc, 0x3f1aa0f0, 0x2cd8567d, 0x90ef2233, 0x4ec78749, 0xd1c1d938, 0xa2fe8cca, 0x0b3698d4, 0x81cfa6f5, 0xde28a57a, 0x8e26dab7, 0xbfa43fad, 0x9de42c3a, 0x920d5078, 0xcc9b6a5f, 0x4662547e, 0x13c2f68d, 0xb8e890d8, 0xf75e2e39, 0xaff582c3, 0x80be9f5d, 0x937c69d0, 0x2da96fd5, 0x12b3cf25, 0x993bc8ac, 0x7da71018, 0x636ee89c, 0xbb7bdb3b, 0x7809cd26, 0x18f46e59, 0xb701ec9a, 0x9aa8834f, 0x6e65e695, 0xe67eaaff, 0xcf0821bc, 0xe8e6ef15, 0x9bd9bae7, 0x36ce4a6f, 0x09d4ea9f, 0x7cd629b0, 0xb2af31a4, 0x23312a3f, 0x9430c6a5, 0x66c035a2, 0xbc37744e, 0xcaa6fc82, 0xd0b0e090, 0xd81533a7, 0x984af104, 0xdaf741ec, 0x500e7fcd, 0xf62f1791, 0xd68d764d, 0xb04d43ef, 0x4d54ccaa, 0x04dfe496, 0xb5e39ed1, 0x881b4c6a, 0x1fb8c12c, 0x517f4665, 0xea049d5e, 0x355d018c, 0x7473fa87, 0x412efb0b, 0x1d5ab367, 0xd25292db, 0x5633e910, 0x47136dd6, 0x618c9ad7, 0x0c7a37a1, 0x148e59f8, 0x3c89eb13, 0x27eecea9, 0xc935b761, 0xe5ede11c, 0xb13c7a47, 0xdf599cd2, 0x733f55f2, 0xce791814, 0x37bf73c7, 0xcdea53f7, 0xaa5b5ffd, 0x6f14df3d, 0xdb867844, 0xf381caaf, 0xc43eb968, 0x342c3824, 0x405fc2a3, 0xc372161d, 0x250cbce2, 0x498b283c, 0x9541ff0d, 0x017139a8, 0xb3de080c, 0xe49cd8b4, 0xc1906456, 0x84617bcb, 0xb670d532, 0x5c74486c, 0x5742d0b8];
            var T8 = [0xf4a75051, 0x4165537e, 0x17a4c31a, 0x275e963a, 0xab6bcb3b, 0x9d45f11f, 0xfa58abac, 0xe303934b, 0x30fa5520, 0x766df6ad, 0xcc769188, 0x024c25f5, 0xe5d7fc4f, 0x2acbd7c5, 0x35448026, 0x62a38fb5, 0xb15a49de, 0xba1b6725, 0xea0e9845, 0xfec0e15d, 0x2f7502c3, 0x4cf01281, 0x4697a38d, 0xd3f9c66b, 0x8f5fe703, 0x929c9515, 0x6d7aebbf, 0x5259da95, 0xbe832dd4, 0x7421d358, 0xe0692949, 0xc9c8448e, 0xc2896a75, 0x8e7978f4, 0x583e6b99, 0xb971dd27, 0xe14fb6be, 0x88ad17f0, 0x20ac66c9, 0xce3ab47d, 0xdf4a1863, 0x1a3182e5, 0x51336097, 0x537f4562, 0x6477e0b1, 0x6bae84bb, 0x81a01cfe, 0x082b94f9, 0x48685870, 0x45fd198f, 0xde6c8794, 0x7bf8b752, 0x73d323ab, 0x4b02e272, 0x1f8f57e3, 0x55ab2a66, 0xeb2807b2, 0xb5c2032f, 0xc57b9a86, 0x3708a5d3, 0x2887f230, 0xbfa5b223, 0x036aba02, 0x16825ced, 0xcf1c2b8a, 0x79b492a7, 0x07f2f0f3, 0x69e2a14e, 0xdaf4cd65, 0x05bed506, 0x34621fd1, 0xa6fe8ac4, 0x2e539d34, 0xf355a0a2, 0x8ae13205, 0xf6eb75a4, 0x83ec390b, 0x60efaa40, 0x719f065e, 0x6e1051bd, 0x218af93e, 0xdd063d96, 0x3e05aedd, 0xe6bd464d, 0x548db591, 0xc45d0571, 0x06d46f04, 0x5015ff60, 0x98fb2419, 0xbde997d6, 0x4043cc89, 0xd99e7767, 0xe842bdb0, 0x898b8807, 0x195b38e7, 0xc8eedb79, 0x7c0a47a1, 0x420fe97c, 0x841ec9f8, 0x00000000, 0x80868309, 0x2bed4832, 0x1170ac1e, 0x5a724e6c, 0x0efffbfd, 0x8538560f, 0xaed51e3d, 0x2d392736, 0x0fd9640a, 0x5ca62168, 0x5b54d19b, 0x362e3a24, 0x0a67b10c, 0x57e70f93, 0xee96d2b4, 0x9b919e1b, 0xc0c54f80, 0xdc20a261, 0x774b695a, 0x121a161c, 0x93ba0ae2, 0xa02ae5c0, 0x22e0433c, 0x1b171d12, 0x090d0b0e, 0x8bc7adf2, 0xb6a8b92d, 0x1ea9c814, 0xf1198557, 0x75074caf, 0x99ddbbee, 0x7f60fda3, 0x01269ff7, 0x72f5bc5c, 0x663bc544, 0xfb7e345b, 0x4329768b, 0x23c6dccb, 0xedfc68b6, 0xe4f163b8, 0x31dccad7, 0x63851042, 0x97224013, 0xc6112084, 0x4a247d85, 0xbb3df8d2, 0xf93211ae, 0x29a16dc7, 0x9e2f4b1d, 0xb230f3dc, 0x8652ec0d, 0xc1e3d077, 0xb3166c2b, 0x70b999a9, 0x9448fa11, 0xe9642247, 0xfc8cc4a8, 0xf03f1aa0, 0x7d2cd856, 0x3390ef22, 0x494ec787, 0x38d1c1d9, 0xcaa2fe8c, 0xd40b3698, 0xf581cfa6, 0x7ade28a5, 0xb78e26da, 0xadbfa43f, 0x3a9de42c, 0x78920d50, 0x5fcc9b6a, 0x7e466254, 0x8d13c2f6, 0xd8b8e890, 0x39f75e2e, 0xc3aff582, 0x5d80be9f, 0xd0937c69, 0xd52da96f, 0x2512b3cf, 0xac993bc8, 0x187da710, 0x9c636ee8, 0x3bbb7bdb, 0x267809cd, 0x5918f46e, 0x9ab701ec, 0x4f9aa883, 0x956e65e6, 0xffe67eaa, 0xbccf0821, 0x15e8e6ef, 0xe79bd9ba, 0x6f36ce4a, 0x9f09d4ea, 0xb07cd629, 0xa4b2af31, 0x3f23312a, 0xa59430c6, 0xa266c035, 0x4ebc3774, 0x82caa6fc, 0x90d0b0e0, 0xa7d81533, 0x04984af1, 0xecdaf741, 0xcd500e7f, 0x91f62f17, 0x4dd68d76, 0xefb04d43, 0xaa4d54cc, 0x9604dfe4, 0xd1b5e39e, 0x6a881b4c, 0x2c1fb8c1, 0x65517f46, 0x5eea049d, 0x8c355d01, 0x877473fa, 0x0b412efb, 0x671d5ab3, 0xdbd25292, 0x105633e9, 0xd647136d, 0xd7618c9a, 0xa10c7a37, 0xf8148e59, 0x133c89eb, 0xa927eece, 0x61c935b7, 0x1ce5ede1, 0x47b13c7a, 0xd2df599c, 0xf2733f55, 0x14ce7918, 0xc737bf73, 0xf7cdea53, 0xfdaa5b5f, 0x3d6f14df, 0x44db8678, 0xaff381ca, 0x68c43eb9, 0x24342c38, 0xa3405fc2, 0x1dc37216, 0xe2250cbc, 0x3c498b28, 0x0d9541ff, 0xa8017139, 0x0cb3de08, 0xb4e49cd8, 0x56c19064, 0xcb84617b, 0x32b670d5, 0x6c5c7448, 0xb85742d0];

            // Transformations for decryption key expansion
            var U1 = [0x00000000, 0x0e090d0b, 0x1c121a16, 0x121b171d, 0x3824342c, 0x362d3927, 0x24362e3a, 0x2a3f2331, 0x70486858, 0x7e416553, 0x6c5a724e, 0x62537f45, 0x486c5c74, 0x4665517f, 0x547e4662, 0x5a774b69, 0xe090d0b0, 0xee99ddbb, 0xfc82caa6, 0xf28bc7ad, 0xd8b4e49c, 0xd6bde997, 0xc4a6fe8a, 0xcaaff381, 0x90d8b8e8, 0x9ed1b5e3, 0x8ccaa2fe, 0x82c3aff5, 0xa8fc8cc4, 0xa6f581cf, 0xb4ee96d2, 0xbae79bd9, 0xdb3bbb7b, 0xd532b670, 0xc729a16d, 0xc920ac66, 0xe31f8f57, 0xed16825c, 0xff0d9541, 0xf104984a, 0xab73d323, 0xa57ade28, 0xb761c935, 0xb968c43e, 0x9357e70f, 0x9d5eea04, 0x8f45fd19, 0x814cf012, 0x3bab6bcb, 0x35a266c0, 0x27b971dd, 0x29b07cd6, 0x038f5fe7, 0x0d8652ec, 0x1f9d45f1, 0x119448fa, 0x4be30393, 0x45ea0e98, 0x57f11985, 0x59f8148e, 0x73c737bf, 0x7dce3ab4, 0x6fd52da9, 0x61dc20a2, 0xad766df6, 0xa37f60fd, 0xb16477e0, 0xbf6d7aeb, 0x955259da, 0x9b5b54d1, 0x894043cc, 0x87494ec7, 0xdd3e05ae, 0xd33708a5, 0xc12c1fb8, 0xcf2512b3, 0xe51a3182, 0xeb133c89, 0xf9082b94, 0xf701269f, 0x4de6bd46, 0x43efb04d, 0x51f4a750, 0x5ffdaa5b, 0x75c2896a, 0x7bcb8461, 0x69d0937c, 0x67d99e77, 0x3daed51e, 0x33a7d815, 0x21bccf08, 0x2fb5c203, 0x058ae132, 0x0b83ec39, 0x1998fb24, 0x1791f62f, 0x764dd68d, 0x7844db86, 0x6a5fcc9b, 0x6456c190, 0x4e69e2a1, 0x4060efaa, 0x527bf8b7, 0x5c72f5bc, 0x0605bed5, 0x080cb3de, 0x1a17a4c3, 0x141ea9c8, 0x3e218af9, 0x302887f2, 0x223390ef, 0x2c3a9de4, 0x96dd063d, 0x98d40b36, 0x8acf1c2b, 0x84c61120, 0xaef93211, 0xa0f03f1a, 0xb2eb2807, 0xbce2250c, 0xe6956e65, 0xe89c636e, 0xfa877473, 0xf48e7978, 0xdeb15a49, 0xd0b85742, 0xc2a3405f, 0xccaa4d54, 0x41ecdaf7, 0x4fe5d7fc, 0x5dfec0e1, 0x53f7cdea, 0x79c8eedb, 0x77c1e3d0, 0x65daf4cd, 0x6bd3f9c6, 0x31a4b2af, 0x3fadbfa4, 0x2db6a8b9, 0x23bfa5b2, 0x09808683, 0x07898b88, 0x15929c95, 0x1b9b919e, 0xa17c0a47, 0xaf75074c, 0xbd6e1051, 0xb3671d5a, 0x99583e6b, 0x97513360, 0x854a247d, 0x8b432976, 0xd134621f, 0xdf3d6f14, 0xcd267809, 0xc32f7502, 0xe9105633, 0xe7195b38, 0xf5024c25, 0xfb0b412e, 0x9ad7618c, 0x94de6c87, 0x86c57b9a, 0x88cc7691, 0xa2f355a0, 0xacfa58ab, 0xbee14fb6, 0xb0e842bd, 0xea9f09d4, 0xe49604df, 0xf68d13c2, 0xf8841ec9, 0xd2bb3df8, 0xdcb230f3, 0xcea927ee, 0xc0a02ae5, 0x7a47b13c, 0x744ebc37, 0x6655ab2a, 0x685ca621, 0x42638510, 0x4c6a881b, 0x5e719f06, 0x5078920d, 0x0a0fd964, 0x0406d46f, 0x161dc372, 0x1814ce79, 0x322bed48, 0x3c22e043, 0x2e39f75e, 0x2030fa55, 0xec9ab701, 0xe293ba0a, 0xf088ad17, 0xfe81a01c, 0xd4be832d, 0xdab78e26, 0xc8ac993b, 0xc6a59430, 0x9cd2df59, 0x92dbd252, 0x80c0c54f, 0x8ec9c844, 0xa4f6eb75, 0xaaffe67e, 0xb8e4f163, 0xb6edfc68, 0x0c0a67b1, 0x02036aba, 0x10187da7, 0x1e1170ac, 0x342e539d, 0x3a275e96, 0x283c498b, 0x26354480, 0x7c420fe9, 0x724b02e2, 0x605015ff, 0x6e5918f4, 0x44663bc5, 0x4a6f36ce, 0x587421d3, 0x567d2cd8, 0x37a10c7a, 0x39a80171, 0x2bb3166c, 0x25ba1b67, 0x0f853856, 0x018c355d, 0x13972240, 0x1d9e2f4b, 0x47e96422, 0x49e06929, 0x5bfb7e34, 0x55f2733f, 0x7fcd500e, 0x71c45d05, 0x63df4a18, 0x6dd64713, 0xd731dcca, 0xd938d1c1, 0xcb23c6dc, 0xc52acbd7, 0xef15e8e6, 0xe11ce5ed, 0xf307f2f0, 0xfd0efffb, 0xa779b492, 0xa970b999, 0xbb6bae84, 0xb562a38f, 0x9f5d80be, 0x91548db5, 0x834f9aa8, 0x8d4697a3];
            var U2 = [0x00000000, 0x0b0e090d, 0x161c121a, 0x1d121b17, 0x2c382434, 0x27362d39, 0x3a24362e, 0x312a3f23, 0x58704868, 0x537e4165, 0x4e6c5a72, 0x4562537f, 0x74486c5c, 0x7f466551, 0x62547e46, 0x695a774b, 0xb0e090d0, 0xbbee99dd, 0xa6fc82ca, 0xadf28bc7, 0x9cd8b4e4, 0x97d6bde9, 0x8ac4a6fe, 0x81caaff3, 0xe890d8b8, 0xe39ed1b5, 0xfe8ccaa2, 0xf582c3af, 0xc4a8fc8c, 0xcfa6f581, 0xd2b4ee96, 0xd9bae79b, 0x7bdb3bbb, 0x70d532b6, 0x6dc729a1, 0x66c920ac, 0x57e31f8f, 0x5ced1682, 0x41ff0d95, 0x4af10498, 0x23ab73d3, 0x28a57ade, 0x35b761c9, 0x3eb968c4, 0x0f9357e7, 0x049d5eea, 0x198f45fd, 0x12814cf0, 0xcb3bab6b, 0xc035a266, 0xdd27b971, 0xd629b07c, 0xe7038f5f, 0xec0d8652, 0xf11f9d45, 0xfa119448, 0x934be303, 0x9845ea0e, 0x8557f119, 0x8e59f814, 0xbf73c737, 0xb47dce3a, 0xa96fd52d, 0xa261dc20, 0xf6ad766d, 0xfda37f60, 0xe0b16477, 0xebbf6d7a, 0xda955259, 0xd19b5b54, 0xcc894043, 0xc787494e, 0xaedd3e05, 0xa5d33708, 0xb8c12c1f, 0xb3cf2512, 0x82e51a31, 0x89eb133c, 0x94f9082b, 0x9ff70126, 0x464de6bd, 0x4d43efb0, 0x5051f4a7, 0x5b5ffdaa, 0x6a75c289, 0x617bcb84, 0x7c69d093, 0x7767d99e, 0x1e3daed5, 0x1533a7d8, 0x0821bccf, 0x032fb5c2, 0x32058ae1, 0x390b83ec, 0x241998fb, 0x2f1791f6, 0x8d764dd6, 0x867844db, 0x9b6a5fcc, 0x906456c1, 0xa14e69e2, 0xaa4060ef, 0xb7527bf8, 0xbc5c72f5, 0xd50605be, 0xde080cb3, 0xc31a17a4, 0xc8141ea9, 0xf93e218a, 0xf2302887, 0xef223390, 0xe42c3a9d, 0x3d96dd06, 0x3698d40b, 0x2b8acf1c, 0x2084c611, 0x11aef932, 0x1aa0f03f, 0x07b2eb28, 0x0cbce225, 0x65e6956e, 0x6ee89c63, 0x73fa8774, 0x78f48e79, 0x49deb15a, 0x42d0b857, 0x5fc2a340, 0x54ccaa4d, 0xf741ecda, 0xfc4fe5d7, 0xe15dfec0, 0xea53f7cd, 0xdb79c8ee, 0xd077c1e3, 0xcd65daf4, 0xc66bd3f9, 0xaf31a4b2, 0xa43fadbf, 0xb92db6a8, 0xb223bfa5, 0x83098086, 0x8807898b, 0x9515929c, 0x9e1b9b91, 0x47a17c0a, 0x4caf7507, 0x51bd6e10, 0x5ab3671d, 0x6b99583e, 0x60975133, 0x7d854a24, 0x768b4329, 0x1fd13462, 0x14df3d6f, 0x09cd2678, 0x02c32f75, 0x33e91056, 0x38e7195b, 0x25f5024c, 0x2efb0b41, 0x8c9ad761, 0x8794de6c, 0x9a86c57b, 0x9188cc76, 0xa0a2f355, 0xabacfa58, 0xb6bee14f, 0xbdb0e842, 0xd4ea9f09, 0xdfe49604, 0xc2f68d13, 0xc9f8841e, 0xf8d2bb3d, 0xf3dcb230, 0xeecea927, 0xe5c0a02a, 0x3c7a47b1, 0x37744ebc, 0x2a6655ab, 0x21685ca6, 0x10426385, 0x1b4c6a88, 0x065e719f, 0x0d507892, 0x640a0fd9, 0x6f0406d4, 0x72161dc3, 0x791814ce, 0x48322bed, 0x433c22e0, 0x5e2e39f7, 0x552030fa, 0x01ec9ab7, 0x0ae293ba, 0x17f088ad, 0x1cfe81a0, 0x2dd4be83, 0x26dab78e, 0x3bc8ac99, 0x30c6a594, 0x599cd2df, 0x5292dbd2, 0x4f80c0c5, 0x448ec9c8, 0x75a4f6eb, 0x7eaaffe6, 0x63b8e4f1, 0x68b6edfc, 0xb10c0a67, 0xba02036a, 0xa710187d, 0xac1e1170, 0x9d342e53, 0x963a275e, 0x8b283c49, 0x80263544, 0xe97c420f, 0xe2724b02, 0xff605015, 0xf46e5918, 0xc544663b, 0xce4a6f36, 0xd3587421, 0xd8567d2c, 0x7a37a10c, 0x7139a801, 0x6c2bb316, 0x6725ba1b, 0x560f8538, 0x5d018c35, 0x40139722, 0x4b1d9e2f, 0x2247e964, 0x2949e069, 0x345bfb7e, 0x3f55f273, 0x0e7fcd50, 0x0571c45d, 0x1863df4a, 0x136dd647, 0xcad731dc, 0xc1d938d1, 0xdccb23c6, 0xd7c52acb, 0xe6ef15e8, 0xede11ce5, 0xf0f307f2, 0xfbfd0eff, 0x92a779b4, 0x99a970b9, 0x84bb6bae, 0x8fb562a3, 0xbe9f5d80, 0xb591548d, 0xa8834f9a, 0xa38d4697];
            var U3 = [0x00000000, 0x0d0b0e09, 0x1a161c12, 0x171d121b, 0x342c3824, 0x3927362d, 0x2e3a2436, 0x23312a3f, 0x68587048, 0x65537e41, 0x724e6c5a, 0x7f456253, 0x5c74486c, 0x517f4665, 0x4662547e, 0x4b695a77, 0xd0b0e090, 0xddbbee99, 0xcaa6fc82, 0xc7adf28b, 0xe49cd8b4, 0xe997d6bd, 0xfe8ac4a6, 0xf381caaf, 0xb8e890d8, 0xb5e39ed1, 0xa2fe8cca, 0xaff582c3, 0x8cc4a8fc, 0x81cfa6f5, 0x96d2b4ee, 0x9bd9bae7, 0xbb7bdb3b, 0xb670d532, 0xa16dc729, 0xac66c920, 0x8f57e31f, 0x825ced16, 0x9541ff0d, 0x984af104, 0xd323ab73, 0xde28a57a, 0xc935b761, 0xc43eb968, 0xe70f9357, 0xea049d5e, 0xfd198f45, 0xf012814c, 0x6bcb3bab, 0x66c035a2, 0x71dd27b9, 0x7cd629b0, 0x5fe7038f, 0x52ec0d86, 0x45f11f9d, 0x48fa1194, 0x03934be3, 0x0e9845ea, 0x198557f1, 0x148e59f8, 0x37bf73c7, 0x3ab47dce, 0x2da96fd5, 0x20a261dc, 0x6df6ad76, 0x60fda37f, 0x77e0b164, 0x7aebbf6d, 0x59da9552, 0x54d19b5b, 0x43cc8940, 0x4ec78749, 0x05aedd3e, 0x08a5d337, 0x1fb8c12c, 0x12b3cf25, 0x3182e51a, 0x3c89eb13, 0x2b94f908, 0x269ff701, 0xbd464de6, 0xb04d43ef, 0xa75051f4, 0xaa5b5ffd, 0x896a75c2, 0x84617bcb, 0x937c69d0, 0x9e7767d9, 0xd51e3dae, 0xd81533a7, 0xcf0821bc, 0xc2032fb5, 0xe132058a, 0xec390b83, 0xfb241998, 0xf62f1791, 0xd68d764d, 0xdb867844, 0xcc9b6a5f, 0xc1906456, 0xe2a14e69, 0xefaa4060, 0xf8b7527b, 0xf5bc5c72, 0xbed50605, 0xb3de080c, 0xa4c31a17, 0xa9c8141e, 0x8af93e21, 0x87f23028, 0x90ef2233, 0x9de42c3a, 0x063d96dd, 0x0b3698d4, 0x1c2b8acf, 0x112084c6, 0x3211aef9, 0x3f1aa0f0, 0x2807b2eb, 0x250cbce2, 0x6e65e695, 0x636ee89c, 0x7473fa87, 0x7978f48e, 0x5a49deb1, 0x5742d0b8, 0x405fc2a3, 0x4d54ccaa, 0xdaf741ec, 0xd7fc4fe5, 0xc0e15dfe, 0xcdea53f7, 0xeedb79c8, 0xe3d077c1, 0xf4cd65da, 0xf9c66bd3, 0xb2af31a4, 0xbfa43fad, 0xa8b92db6, 0xa5b223bf, 0x86830980, 0x8b880789, 0x9c951592, 0x919e1b9b, 0x0a47a17c, 0x074caf75, 0x1051bd6e, 0x1d5ab367, 0x3e6b9958, 0x33609751, 0x247d854a, 0x29768b43, 0x621fd134, 0x6f14df3d, 0x7809cd26, 0x7502c32f, 0x5633e910, 0x5b38e719, 0x4c25f502, 0x412efb0b, 0x618c9ad7, 0x6c8794de, 0x7b9a86c5, 0x769188cc, 0x55a0a2f3, 0x58abacfa, 0x4fb6bee1, 0x42bdb0e8, 0x09d4ea9f, 0x04dfe496, 0x13c2f68d, 0x1ec9f884, 0x3df8d2bb, 0x30f3dcb2, 0x27eecea9, 0x2ae5c0a0, 0xb13c7a47, 0xbc37744e, 0xab2a6655, 0xa621685c, 0x85104263, 0x881b4c6a, 0x9f065e71, 0x920d5078, 0xd9640a0f, 0xd46f0406, 0xc372161d, 0xce791814, 0xed48322b, 0xe0433c22, 0xf75e2e39, 0xfa552030, 0xb701ec9a, 0xba0ae293, 0xad17f088, 0xa01cfe81, 0x832dd4be, 0x8e26dab7, 0x993bc8ac, 0x9430c6a5, 0xdf599cd2, 0xd25292db, 0xc54f80c0, 0xc8448ec9, 0xeb75a4f6, 0xe67eaaff, 0xf163b8e4, 0xfc68b6ed, 0x67b10c0a, 0x6aba0203, 0x7da71018, 0x70ac1e11, 0x539d342e, 0x5e963a27, 0x498b283c, 0x44802635, 0x0fe97c42, 0x02e2724b, 0x15ff6050, 0x18f46e59, 0x3bc54466, 0x36ce4a6f, 0x21d35874, 0x2cd8567d, 0x0c7a37a1, 0x017139a8, 0x166c2bb3, 0x1b6725ba, 0x38560f85, 0x355d018c, 0x22401397, 0x2f4b1d9e, 0x642247e9, 0x692949e0, 0x7e345bfb, 0x733f55f2, 0x500e7fcd, 0x5d0571c4, 0x4a1863df, 0x47136dd6, 0xdccad731, 0xd1c1d938, 0xc6dccb23, 0xcbd7c52a, 0xe8e6ef15, 0xe5ede11c, 0xf2f0f307, 0xfffbfd0e, 0xb492a779, 0xb999a970, 0xae84bb6b, 0xa38fb562, 0x80be9f5d, 0x8db59154, 0x9aa8834f, 0x97a38d46];
            var U4 = [0x00000000, 0x090d0b0e, 0x121a161c, 0x1b171d12, 0x24342c38, 0x2d392736, 0x362e3a24, 0x3f23312a, 0x48685870, 0x4165537e, 0x5a724e6c, 0x537f4562, 0x6c5c7448, 0x65517f46, 0x7e466254, 0x774b695a, 0x90d0b0e0, 0x99ddbbee, 0x82caa6fc, 0x8bc7adf2, 0xb4e49cd8, 0xbde997d6, 0xa6fe8ac4, 0xaff381ca, 0xd8b8e890, 0xd1b5e39e, 0xcaa2fe8c, 0xc3aff582, 0xfc8cc4a8, 0xf581cfa6, 0xee96d2b4, 0xe79bd9ba, 0x3bbb7bdb, 0x32b670d5, 0x29a16dc7, 0x20ac66c9, 0x1f8f57e3, 0x16825ced, 0x0d9541ff, 0x04984af1, 0x73d323ab, 0x7ade28a5, 0x61c935b7, 0x68c43eb9, 0x57e70f93, 0x5eea049d, 0x45fd198f, 0x4cf01281, 0xab6bcb3b, 0xa266c035, 0xb971dd27, 0xb07cd629, 0x8f5fe703, 0x8652ec0d, 0x9d45f11f, 0x9448fa11, 0xe303934b, 0xea0e9845, 0xf1198557, 0xf8148e59, 0xc737bf73, 0xce3ab47d, 0xd52da96f, 0xdc20a261, 0x766df6ad, 0x7f60fda3, 0x6477e0b1, 0x6d7aebbf, 0x5259da95, 0x5b54d19b, 0x4043cc89, 0x494ec787, 0x3e05aedd, 0x3708a5d3, 0x2c1fb8c1, 0x2512b3cf, 0x1a3182e5, 0x133c89eb, 0x082b94f9, 0x01269ff7, 0xe6bd464d, 0xefb04d43, 0xf4a75051, 0xfdaa5b5f, 0xc2896a75, 0xcb84617b, 0xd0937c69, 0xd99e7767, 0xaed51e3d, 0xa7d81533, 0xbccf0821, 0xb5c2032f, 0x8ae13205, 0x83ec390b, 0x98fb2419, 0x91f62f17, 0x4dd68d76, 0x44db8678, 0x5fcc9b6a, 0x56c19064, 0x69e2a14e, 0x60efaa40, 0x7bf8b752, 0x72f5bc5c, 0x05bed506, 0x0cb3de08, 0x17a4c31a, 0x1ea9c814, 0x218af93e, 0x2887f230, 0x3390ef22, 0x3a9de42c, 0xdd063d96, 0xd40b3698, 0xcf1c2b8a, 0xc6112084, 0xf93211ae, 0xf03f1aa0, 0xeb2807b2, 0xe2250cbc, 0x956e65e6, 0x9c636ee8, 0x877473fa, 0x8e7978f4, 0xb15a49de, 0xb85742d0, 0xa3405fc2, 0xaa4d54cc, 0xecdaf741, 0xe5d7fc4f, 0xfec0e15d, 0xf7cdea53, 0xc8eedb79, 0xc1e3d077, 0xdaf4cd65, 0xd3f9c66b, 0xa4b2af31, 0xadbfa43f, 0xb6a8b92d, 0xbfa5b223, 0x80868309, 0x898b8807, 0x929c9515, 0x9b919e1b, 0x7c0a47a1, 0x75074caf, 0x6e1051bd, 0x671d5ab3, 0x583e6b99, 0x51336097, 0x4a247d85, 0x4329768b, 0x34621fd1, 0x3d6f14df, 0x267809cd, 0x2f7502c3, 0x105633e9, 0x195b38e7, 0x024c25f5, 0x0b412efb, 0xd7618c9a, 0xde6c8794, 0xc57b9a86, 0xcc769188, 0xf355a0a2, 0xfa58abac, 0xe14fb6be, 0xe842bdb0, 0x9f09d4ea, 0x9604dfe4, 0x8d13c2f6, 0x841ec9f8, 0xbb3df8d2, 0xb230f3dc, 0xa927eece, 0xa02ae5c0, 0x47b13c7a, 0x4ebc3774, 0x55ab2a66, 0x5ca62168, 0x63851042, 0x6a881b4c, 0x719f065e, 0x78920d50, 0x0fd9640a, 0x06d46f04, 0x1dc37216, 0x14ce7918, 0x2bed4832, 0x22e0433c, 0x39f75e2e, 0x30fa5520, 0x9ab701ec, 0x93ba0ae2, 0x88ad17f0, 0x81a01cfe, 0xbe832dd4, 0xb78e26da, 0xac993bc8, 0xa59430c6, 0xd2df599c, 0xdbd25292, 0xc0c54f80, 0xc9c8448e, 0xf6eb75a4, 0xffe67eaa, 0xe4f163b8, 0xedfc68b6, 0x0a67b10c, 0x036aba02, 0x187da710, 0x1170ac1e, 0x2e539d34, 0x275e963a, 0x3c498b28, 0x35448026, 0x420fe97c, 0x4b02e272, 0x5015ff60, 0x5918f46e, 0x663bc544, 0x6f36ce4a, 0x7421d358, 0x7d2cd856, 0xa10c7a37, 0xa8017139, 0xb3166c2b, 0xba1b6725, 0x8538560f, 0x8c355d01, 0x97224013, 0x9e2f4b1d, 0xe9642247, 0xe0692949, 0xfb7e345b, 0xf2733f55, 0xcd500e7f, 0xc45d0571, 0xdf4a1863, 0xd647136d, 0x31dccad7, 0x38d1c1d9, 0x23c6dccb, 0x2acbd7c5, 0x15e8e6ef, 0x1ce5ede1, 0x07f2f0f3, 0x0efffbfd, 0x79b492a7, 0x70b999a9, 0x6bae84bb, 0x62a38fb5, 0x5d80be9f, 0x548db591, 0x4f9aa883, 0x4697a38d];

            function convertToInt32(bytes) {
                var result = [];
                for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 4) {
                    result.push(
                        (bytes[i    ] << 24) |
                        (bytes[i + 1] << 16) |
                        (bytes[i + 2] <<  8) |
                         bytes[i + 3]
                    );
                }
                return result;
            }

            var AES = function(key) {
                if (!(this instanceof AES)) {
                    throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
                }

                Object.defineProperty(this, 'key', {
                    value: coerceArray(key, true)
                });

                this._prepare();
            };


            AES.prototype._prepare = function() {

                var rounds = numberOfRounds[this.key.length];
                if (rounds == null) {
                    throw new Error('invalid key size (must be 16, 24 or 32 bytes)');
                }

                // encryption round keys
                this._Ke = [];

                // decryption round keys
                this._Kd = [];

                for (var i = 0; i <= rounds; i++) {
                    this._Ke.push([0, 0, 0, 0]);
                    this._Kd.push([0, 0, 0, 0]);
                }

                var roundKeyCount = (rounds + 1) * 4;
                var KC = this.key.length / 4;

                // convert the key into ints
                var tk = convertToInt32(this.key);

                // copy values into round key arrays
                var index;
                for (var i = 0; i < KC; i++) {
                    index = i >> 2;
                    this._Ke[index][i % 4] = tk[i];
                    this._Kd[rounds - index][i % 4] = tk[i];
                }

                // key expansion (fips-197 section 5.2)
                var rconpointer = 0;
                var t = KC, tt;
                while (t < roundKeyCount) {
                    tt = tk[KC - 1];
                    tk[0] ^= ((S[(tt >> 16) & 0xFF] << 24) ^
                              (S[(tt >>  8) & 0xFF] << 16) ^
                              (S[ tt        & 0xFF] <<  8) ^
                               S[(tt >> 24) & 0xFF]        ^
                              (rcon[rconpointer] << 24));
                    rconpointer += 1;

                    // key expansion (for non-256 bit)
                    if (KC != 8) {
                        for (var i = 1; i < KC; i++) {
                            tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
                        }

                    // key expansion for 256-bit keys is "slightly different" (fips-197)
                    } else {
                        for (var i = 1; i < (KC / 2); i++) {
                            tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
                        }
                        tt = tk[(KC / 2) - 1];

                        tk[KC / 2] ^= (S[ tt        & 0xFF]        ^
                                      (S[(tt >>  8) & 0xFF] <<  8) ^
                                      (S[(tt >> 16) & 0xFF] << 16) ^
                                      (S[(tt >> 24) & 0xFF] << 24));

                        for (var i = (KC / 2) + 1; i < KC; i++) {
                            tk[i] ^= tk[i - 1];
                        }
                    }

                    // copy values into round key arrays
                    var i = 0, r, c;
                    while (i < KC && t < roundKeyCount) {
                        r = t >> 2;
                        c = t % 4;
                        this._Ke[r][c] = tk[i];
                        this._Kd[rounds - r][c] = tk[i++];
                        t++;
                    }
                }

                // inverse-cipher-ify the decryption round key (fips-197 section 5.3)
                for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
                    for (var c = 0; c < 4; c++) {
                        tt = this._Kd[r][c];
                        this._Kd[r][c] = (U1[(tt >> 24) & 0xFF] ^
                                          U2[(tt >> 16) & 0xFF] ^
                                          U3[(tt >>  8) & 0xFF] ^
                                          U4[ tt        & 0xFF]);
                    }
                }
            };

            AES.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
                if (plaintext.length != 16) {
                    throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be 16 bytes)');
                }

                var rounds = this._Ke.length - 1;
                var a = [0, 0, 0, 0];

                // convert plaintext to (ints ^ key)
                var t = convertToInt32(plaintext);
                for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                    t[i] ^= this._Ke[0][i];
                }

                // apply round transforms
                for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
                    for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                        a[i] = (T1[(t[ i         ] >> 24) & 0xff] ^
                                T2[(t[(i + 1) % 4] >> 16) & 0xff] ^
                                T3[(t[(i + 2) % 4] >>  8) & 0xff] ^
                                T4[ t[(i + 3) % 4]        & 0xff] ^
                                this._Ke[r][i]);
                    }
                    t = a.slice();
                }

                // the last round is special
                var result = createArray(16), tt;
                for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                    tt = this._Ke[rounds][i];
                    result[4 * i    ] = (S[(t[ i         ] >> 24) & 0xff] ^ (tt >> 24)) & 0xff;
                    result[4 * i + 1] = (S[(t[(i + 1) % 4] >> 16) & 0xff] ^ (tt >> 16)) & 0xff;
                    result[4 * i + 2] = (S[(t[(i + 2) % 4] >>  8) & 0xff] ^ (tt >>  8)) & 0xff;
                    result[4 * i + 3] = (S[ t[(i + 3) % 4]        & 0xff] ^  tt       ) & 0xff;
                }

                return result;
            };

            AES.prototype.decrypt = function(ciphertext) {
                if (ciphertext.length != 16) {
                    throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be 16 bytes)');
                }

                var rounds = this._Kd.length - 1;
                var a = [0, 0, 0, 0];

                // convert plaintext to (ints ^ key)
                var t = convertToInt32(ciphertext);
                for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                    t[i] ^= this._Kd[0][i];
                }

                // apply round transforms
                for (var r = 1; r < rounds; r++) {
                    for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                        a[i] = (T5[(t[ i          ] >> 24) & 0xff] ^
                                T6[(t[(i + 3) % 4] >> 16) & 0xff] ^
                                T7[(t[(i + 2) % 4] >>  8) & 0xff] ^
                                T8[ t[(i + 1) % 4]        & 0xff] ^
                                this._Kd[r][i]);
                    }
                    t = a.slice();
                }

                // the last round is special
                var result = createArray(16), tt;
                for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                    tt = this._Kd[rounds][i];
                    result[4 * i    ] = (Si[(t[ i         ] >> 24) & 0xff] ^ (tt >> 24)) & 0xff;
                    result[4 * i + 1] = (Si[(t[(i + 3) % 4] >> 16) & 0xff] ^ (tt >> 16)) & 0xff;
                    result[4 * i + 2] = (Si[(t[(i + 2) % 4] >>  8) & 0xff] ^ (tt >>  8)) & 0xff;
                    result[4 * i + 3] = (Si[ t[(i + 1) % 4]        & 0xff] ^  tt       ) & 0xff;
                }

                return result;
            };


            /**
             *  Mode Of Operation - Electonic Codebook (ECB)
             */
            var ModeOfOperationECB = function(key) {
                if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationECB)) {
                    throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
                }

                this.description = "Electronic Code Block";
                this.name = "ecb";

                this._aes = new AES(key);
            };

            ModeOfOperationECB.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
                plaintext = coerceArray(plaintext);

                if ((plaintext.length % 16) !== 0) {
                    throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
                }

                var ciphertext = createArray(plaintext.length);
                var block = createArray(16);

                for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += 16) {
                    copyArray(plaintext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
                    block = this._aes.encrypt(block);
                    copyArray(block, ciphertext, i);
                }

                return ciphertext;
            };

            ModeOfOperationECB.prototype.decrypt = function(ciphertext) {
                ciphertext = coerceArray(ciphertext);

                if ((ciphertext.length % 16) !== 0) {
                    throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
                }

                var plaintext = createArray(ciphertext.length);
                var block = createArray(16);

                for (var i = 0; i < ciphertext.length; i += 16) {
                    copyArray(ciphertext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
                    block = this._aes.decrypt(block);
                    copyArray(block, plaintext, i);
                }

                return plaintext;
            };


            /**
             *  Mode Of Operation - Cipher Block Chaining (CBC)
             */
            var ModeOfOperationCBC = function(key, iv) {
                if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCBC)) {
                    throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
                }

                this.description = "Cipher Block Chaining";
                this.name = "cbc";

                if (!iv) {
                    iv = createArray(16);

                } else if (iv.length != 16) {
                    throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 bytes)');
                }

                this._lastCipherblock = coerceArray(iv, true);

                this._aes = new AES(key);
            };

            ModeOfOperationCBC.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
                plaintext = coerceArray(plaintext);

                if ((plaintext.length % 16) !== 0) {
                    throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
                }

                var ciphertext = createArray(plaintext.length);
                var block = createArray(16);

                for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += 16) {
                    copyArray(plaintext, block, 0, i, i + 16);

                    for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
                        block[j] ^= this._lastCipherblock[j];
                    }

                    this._lastCipherblock = this._aes.encrypt(block);
                    copyArray(this._lastCipherblock, ciphertext, i);
                }

                return ciphertext;
            };

            ModeOfOperationCBC.prototype.decrypt = function(ciphertext) {
                ciphertext = coerceArray(ciphertext);

                if ((ciphertext.length % 16) !== 0) {
                    throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be multiple of 16 bytes)');
                }

                var plaintext = createArray(ciphertext.length);
                var block = createArray(16);

                for (var i = 0; i < ciphertext.length; i += 16) {
                    copyArray(ciphertext, block, 0, i, i + 16);
                    block = this._aes.decrypt(block);

                    for (var j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
                        plaintext[i + j] = block[j] ^ this._lastCipherblock[j];
                    }

                    copyArray(ciphertext, this._lastCipherblock, 0, i, i + 16);
                }

                return plaintext;
            };


            /**
             *  Mode Of Operation - Cipher Feedback (CFB)
             */
            var ModeOfOperationCFB = function(key, iv, segmentSize) {
                if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCFB)) {
                    throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
                }

                this.description = "Cipher Feedback";
                this.name = "cfb";

                if (!iv) {
                    iv = createArray(16);

                } else if (iv.length != 16) {
                    throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 size)');
                }

                if (!segmentSize) { segmentSize = 1; }

                this.segmentSize = segmentSize;

                this._shiftRegister = coerceArray(iv, true);

                this._aes = new AES(key);
            };

            ModeOfOperationCFB.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
                if ((plaintext.length % this.segmentSize) != 0) {
                    throw new Error('invalid plaintext size (must be segmentSize bytes)');
                }

                var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);

                var xorSegment;
                for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i += this.segmentSize) {
                    xorSegment = this._aes.encrypt(this._shiftRegister);
                    for (var j = 0; j < this.segmentSize; j++) {
                        encrypted[i + j] ^= xorSegment[j];
                    }

                    // Shift the register
                    copyArray(this._shiftRegister, this._shiftRegister, 0, this.segmentSize);
                    copyArray(encrypted, this._shiftRegister, 16 - this.segmentSize, i, i + this.segmentSize);
                }

                return encrypted;
            };

            ModeOfOperationCFB.prototype.decrypt = function(ciphertext) {
                if ((ciphertext.length % this.segmentSize) != 0) {
                    throw new Error('invalid ciphertext size (must be segmentSize bytes)');
                }

                var plaintext = coerceArray(ciphertext, true);

                var xorSegment;
                for (var i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += this.segmentSize) {
                    xorSegment = this._aes.encrypt(this._shiftRegister);

                    for (var j = 0; j < this.segmentSize; j++) {
                        plaintext[i + j] ^= xorSegment[j];
                    }

                    // Shift the register
                    copyArray(this._shiftRegister, this._shiftRegister, 0, this.segmentSize);
                    copyArray(ciphertext, this._shiftRegister, 16 - this.segmentSize, i, i + this.segmentSize);
                }

                return plaintext;
            };

            /**
             *  Mode Of Operation - Output Feedback (OFB)
             */
            var ModeOfOperationOFB = function(key, iv) {
                if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationOFB)) {
                    throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
                }

                this.description = "Output Feedback";
                this.name = "ofb";

                if (!iv) {
                    iv = createArray(16);

                } else if (iv.length != 16) {
                    throw new Error('invalid initialation vector size (must be 16 bytes)');
                }

                this._lastPrecipher = coerceArray(iv, true);
                this._lastPrecipherIndex = 16;

                this._aes = new AES(key);
            };

            ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
                var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);

                for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i++) {
                    if (this._lastPrecipherIndex === 16) {
                        this._lastPrecipher = this._aes.encrypt(this._lastPrecipher);
                        this._lastPrecipherIndex = 0;
                    }
                    encrypted[i] ^= this._lastPrecipher[this._lastPrecipherIndex++];
                }

                return encrypted;
            };

            // Decryption is symetric
            ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.decrypt = ModeOfOperationOFB.prototype.encrypt;


            /**
             *  Counter object for CTR common mode of operation
             */
            var Counter = function(initialValue) {
                if (!(this instanceof Counter)) {
                    throw Error('Counter must be instanitated with `new`');
                }

                // We allow 0, but anything false-ish uses the default 1
                if (initialValue !== 0 && !initialValue) { initialValue = 1; }

                if (typeof(initialValue) === 'number') {
                    this._counter = createArray(16);
                    this.setValue(initialValue);

                } else {
                    this.setBytes(initialValue);
                }
            };

            Counter.prototype.setValue = function(value) {
                if (typeof(value) !== 'number' || parseInt(value) != value) {
                    throw new Error('invalid counter value (must be an integer)');
                }

                // We cannot safely handle numbers beyond the safe range for integers
                if (value > Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
                    throw new Error('integer value out of safe range');
                }

                for (var index = 15; index >= 0; --index) {
                    this._counter[index] = value % 256;
                    value = parseInt(value / 256);
                }
            };

            Counter.prototype.setBytes = function(bytes) {
                bytes = coerceArray(bytes, true);

                if (bytes.length != 16) {
                    throw new Error('invalid counter bytes size (must be 16 bytes)');
                }

                this._counter = bytes;
            };

            Counter.prototype.increment = function() {
                for (var i = 15; i >= 0; i--) {
                    if (this._counter[i] === 255) {
                        this._counter[i] = 0;
                    } else {
                        this._counter[i]++;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            };


            /**
             *  Mode Of Operation - Counter (CTR)
             */
            var ModeOfOperationCTR = function(key, counter) {
                if (!(this instanceof ModeOfOperationCTR)) {
                    throw Error('AES must be instanitated with `new`');
                }

                this.description = "Counter";
                this.name = "ctr";

                if (!(counter instanceof Counter)) {
                    counter = new Counter(counter);
                }

                this._counter = counter;

                this._remainingCounter = null;
                this._remainingCounterIndex = 16;

                this._aes = new AES(key);
            };

            ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.encrypt = function(plaintext) {
                var encrypted = coerceArray(plaintext, true);

                for (var i = 0; i < encrypted.length; i++) {
                    if (this._remainingCounterIndex === 16) {
                        this._remainingCounter = this._aes.encrypt(this._counter._counter);
                        this._remainingCounterIndex = 0;
                        this._counter.increment();
                    }
                    encrypted[i] ^= this._remainingCounter[this._remainingCounterIndex++];
                }

                return encrypted;
            };

            // Decryption is symetric
            ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.decrypt = ModeOfOperationCTR.prototype.encrypt;


            ///////////////////////
            // Padding

            // See:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2315
            function pkcs7pad(data) {
                data = coerceArray(data, true);
                var padder = 16 - (data.length % 16);
                var result = createArray(data.length + padder);
                copyArray(data, result);
                for (var i = data.length; i < result.length; i++) {
                    result[i] = padder;
                }
                return result;
            }

            function pkcs7strip(data) {
                data = coerceArray(data, true);
                if (data.length < 16) { throw new Error('PKCS#7 invalid length'); }

                var padder = data[data.length - 1];
                if (padder > 16) { throw new Error('PKCS#7 padding byte out of range'); }

                var length = data.length - padder;
                for (var i = 0; i < padder; i++) {
                    if (data[length + i] !== padder) {
                        throw new Error('PKCS#7 invalid padding byte');
                    }
                }

                var result = createArray(length);
                copyArray(data, result, 0, 0, length);
                return result;
            }

            ///////////////////////
            // Exporting


            // The block cipher
            var aesjs = {
                AES: AES,
                Counter: Counter,

                ModeOfOperation: {
                    ecb: ModeOfOperationECB,
                    cbc: ModeOfOperationCBC,
                    cfb: ModeOfOperationCFB,
                    ofb: ModeOfOperationOFB,
                    ctr: ModeOfOperationCTR
                },

                utils: {
                    hex: convertHex,
                    utf8: convertUtf8
                },

                padding: {
                    pkcs7: {
                        pad: pkcs7pad,
                        strip: pkcs7strip
                    }
                },

                _arrayTest: {
                    coerceArray: coerceArray,
                    createArray: createArray,
                    copyArray: copyArray,
                }
            };


            // node.js
            {
                module.exports = aesjs;

            // RequireJS/AMD
            // http://www.requirejs.org/docs/api.html
            // https://github.com/amdjs/amdjs-api/wiki/AMD
            }


        })();
        });

        // See https://github.com/ricmoo/aes-js
        // We can use keys that are 128 bits (16 bytes), 192 bits (24 bytes) or 256 bits (32 bytes).
        // To generate a random key:  window.crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16));

        // This default signing key is built into iD and can be used to mask/unmask sensitive values.
        var DEFAULT_128 = [250, 157, 60, 79, 142, 134, 229, 129, 138, 126, 210, 129, 29, 71, 160, 208];


        function utilAesEncrypt(text, key) {
          key = key || DEFAULT_128;
          var textBytes = aesJs.utils.utf8.toBytes(text);
          var aesCtr = new aesJs.ModeOfOperation.ctr(key);
          var encryptedBytes = aesCtr.encrypt(textBytes);
          var encryptedHex = aesJs.utils.hex.fromBytes(encryptedBytes);
          return encryptedHex;
        }


        function utilAesDecrypt(encryptedHex, key) {
          key = key || DEFAULT_128;
          var encryptedBytes = aesJs.utils.hex.toBytes(encryptedHex);
          var aesCtr = new aesJs.ModeOfOperation.ctr(key);
          var decryptedBytes = aesCtr.decrypt(encryptedBytes);
          var text = aesJs.utils.utf8.fromBytes(decryptedBytes);
          return text;
        }

        function utilCleanTags(tags) {
            var out = {};
            for (var k in tags) {
                if (!k) { continue; }
                var v = tags[k];
                if (v !== undefined) {
                    out[k] = cleanValue(k, v);
                }
            }

            return out;


            function cleanValue(k, v) {
                function keepSpaces(k) {
                    return /_hours|_times|:conditional$/.test(k);
                }

                function skip(k) {
                    return /^(description|note|fixme)$/.test(k);
                }

                if (skip(k)) { return v; }

                var cleaned = v
                    .split(';')
                    .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
                    .join(keepSpaces(k) ? '; ' : ';');

                // The code below is not intended to validate websites and emails.
                // It is only intended to prevent obvious copy-paste errors. (#2323)
                // clean website- and email-like tags
                if (k.indexOf('website') !== -1 ||
                    k.indexOf('email') !== -1 ||
                    cleaned.indexOf('http') === 0) {
                    cleaned = cleaned
                        .replace(/[\u200B-\u200F\uFEFF]/g, '');  // strip LRM and other zero width chars

                }

                return cleaned;
            }
        }

        // Like selection.property('value', ...), but avoids no-op value sets,
        // which can result in layout/repaint thrashing in some situations.
        function utilGetSetValue(selection, value) {
            function d3_selection_value(value) {
                function valueNull() {
                    delete this.value;
                }

                function valueConstant() {
                    if (this.value !== value) {
                        this.value = value;
                    }
                }

                function valueFunction() {
                    var x = value.apply(this, arguments);
                    if (x == null) {
                        delete this.value;
                    } else if (this.value !== x) {
                        this.value = x;
                    }
                }

                return value == null
                    ? valueNull : (typeof value === 'function'
                    ? valueFunction : valueConstant);
            }

            if (arguments.length === 1) {
                return selection.property('value');
            }

            return selection.each(d3_selection_value(value));
        }

        function utilKeybinding(namespace) {
            var _keybindings = {};


            function testBindings(isCapturing) {
                var didMatch = false;
                var bindings = Object.keys(_keybindings).map(function(id) { return _keybindings[id]; });
                var i, binding;

                // Most key shortcuts will accept either lower or uppercase ('h' or 'H'),
                // so we don't strictly match on the shift key, but we prioritize
                // shifted keybindings first, and fallback to unshifted only if no match.
                // (This lets us differentiate between '←'/'⇧←' or '⌘Z'/'⌘⇧Z')

                // priority match shifted keybindings first
                for (i = 0; i < bindings.length; i++) {
                    binding = bindings[i];
                    if (!binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) { continue; }  // no shift
                    if (!!binding.capture !== isCapturing) { continue; }
                    if (matches(binding, true)) {
                        binding.callback();
                        didMatch = true;
                    }
                }

                // then unshifted keybindings
                if (didMatch) { return; }
                for (i = 0; i < bindings.length; i++) {
                    binding = bindings[i];
                    if (binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) { continue; }   // shift
                    if (!!binding.capture !== isCapturing) { continue; }
                    if (matches(binding, false)) {
                        binding.callback();
                    }
                }


                function matches(binding, testShift) {
                    var event$1 = event;
                    var isMatch = false;
                    var tryKeyCode = true;

                    // Prefer a match on `KeyboardEvent.key`
                    if (event$1.key !== undefined) {
                        tryKeyCode = (event$1.key.charCodeAt(0) > 255);  // outside ISO-Latin-1
                        isMatch = true;

                        if (binding.event.key === undefined) {
                            isMatch = false;
                        } else if (Array.isArray(binding.event.key)) {
                            if (binding.event.key.map(function(s) { return s.toLowerCase(); }).indexOf(event$1.key.toLowerCase()) === -1)
                                { isMatch = false; }
                        } else {
                            if (event$1.key.toLowerCase() !== binding.event.key.toLowerCase())
                                { isMatch = false; }
                        }
                    }

                    // Fallback match on `KeyboardEvent.keyCode`, can happen if:
                    // - browser doesn't support `KeyboardEvent.key`
                    // - `KeyboardEvent.key` is outside ISO-Latin-1 range (cyrillic?)
                    if (!isMatch && tryKeyCode) {
                        isMatch = (event$1.keyCode === binding.event.keyCode);
                    }

                    if (!isMatch) { return false; }

                    // test modifier keys
                    if (!(event$1.ctrlKey && event$1.altKey)) {  // if both are set, assume AltGr and skip it - #4096
                        if (event$1.ctrlKey !== binding.event.modifiers.ctrlKey) { return false; }
                        if (event$1.altKey !== binding.event.modifiers.altKey) { return false; }
                    }
                    if (event$1.metaKey !== binding.event.modifiers.metaKey) { return false; }
                    if (testShift && event$1.shiftKey !== binding.event.modifiers.shiftKey) { return false; }

                    return true;
                }
            }


            function capture() {
                testBindings(true);
            }


            function bubble() {
                var tagName = select(event.target).node().tagName;
                if (tagName === 'INPUT' || tagName === 'SELECT' || tagName === 'TEXTAREA') {
                    return;
                }
                testBindings(false);
            }


            function keybinding(selection) {
                selection = selection || select(document);
                selection.on('keydown.capture.' + namespace, capture, true);
                selection.on('keydown.bubble.' + namespace, bubble, false);
                return keybinding;
            }

            // was: keybinding.off()
            keybinding.unbind = function(selection) {
                _keybindings = [];
                selection = selection || select(document);
                selection.on('keydown.capture.' + namespace, null);
                selection.on('keydown.bubble.' + namespace, null);
                return keybinding;
            };


            keybinding.clear = function() {
                _keybindings = {};
                return keybinding;
            };


            // Remove one or more keycode bindings.
            keybinding.off = function(codes, capture) {
                var arr = utilArrayUniq([].concat(codes));

                for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
                    var id = arr[i] + (capture ? '-capture' : '-bubble');
                    delete _keybindings[id];
                }
                return keybinding;
            };


            // Add one or more keycode bindings.
            keybinding.on = function(codes, callback, capture) {
                if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
                    return keybinding.off(codes, capture);
                }

                var arr = utilArrayUniq([].concat(codes));

                for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
                    var id = arr[i] + (capture ? '-capture' : '-bubble');
                    var binding = {
                        id: id,
                        capture: capture,
                        callback: callback,
                        event: {
                            key: undefined,  // preferred
                            keyCode: 0,      // fallback
                            modifiers: {
                                shiftKey: false,
                                ctrlKey: false,
                                altKey: false,
                                metaKey: false
                            }
                        }
                    };

                    if (_keybindings[id]) {
                        console.warn('warning: duplicate keybinding for "' + id + '"'); // eslint-disable-line no-console
                    }

                    _keybindings[id] = binding;

                    var matches = arr[i].toLowerCase().match(/(?:(?:[^+⇧⌃⌥⌘])+|[⇧⌃⌥⌘]|\+\+|^\+$)/g);
                    for (var j = 0; j < matches.length; j++) {
                        // Normalise matching errors
                        if (matches[j] === '++') { matches[j] = '+'; }

                        if (matches[j] in utilKeybinding.modifierCodes) {
                            var prop = utilKeybinding.modifierProperties[utilKeybinding.modifierCodes[matches[j]]];
                            binding.event.modifiers[prop] = true;
                        } else {
                            binding.event.key = utilKeybinding.keys[matches[j]] || matches[j];
                            if (matches[j] in utilKeybinding.keyCodes) {
                                binding.event.keyCode = utilKeybinding.keyCodes[matches[j]];
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                return keybinding;
            };


            return keybinding;
        }


        /*
         * See https://github.com/keithamus/jwerty
         */

        utilKeybinding.modifierCodes = {
            // Shift key, ⇧
            '⇧': 16, shift: 16,
            // CTRL key, on Mac: ⌃
            '⌃': 17, ctrl: 17,
            // ALT key, on Mac: ⌥ (Alt)
            '⌥': 18, alt: 18, option: 18,
            // META, on Mac: ⌘ (CMD), on Windows (Win), on Linux (Super)
            '⌘': 91, meta: 91, cmd: 91, 'super': 91, win: 91
        };

        utilKeybinding.modifierProperties = {
            16: 'shiftKey',
            17: 'ctrlKey',
            18: 'altKey',
            91: 'metaKey'
        };

        utilKeybinding.keys = {
            // Backspace key, on Mac: ⌫ (Backspace)
            '⌫': 'Backspace', backspace: 'Backspace',
            // Tab Key, on Mac: ⇥ (Tab), on Windows ⇥⇥
            '⇥': 'Tab', '⇆': 'Tab', tab: 'Tab',
            // Return key, ↩
            '↩': 'Enter', 'return': 'Enter', enter: 'Enter', '⌅': 'Enter',
            // Pause/Break key
            'pause': 'Pause', 'pause-break': 'Pause',
            // Caps Lock key, ⇪
            '⇪': 'CapsLock', caps: 'CapsLock', 'caps-lock': 'CapsLock',
            // Escape key, on Mac: ⎋, on Windows: Esc
            '⎋': ['Escape', 'Esc'], escape: ['Escape', 'Esc'], esc: ['Escape', 'Esc'],
            // Space key
            space: [' ', 'Spacebar'],
            // Page-Up key, or pgup, on Mac: ↖
            '↖': 'PageUp', pgup: 'PageUp', 'page-up': 'PageUp',
            // Page-Down key, or pgdown, on Mac: ↘
            '↘': 'PageDown', pgdown: 'PageDown', 'page-down': 'PageDown',
            // END key, on Mac: ⇟
            '⇟': 'End', end: 'End',
            // HOME key, on Mac: ⇞
            '⇞': 'Home', home: 'Home',
            // Insert key, or ins
            ins: 'Insert', insert: 'Insert',
            // Delete key, on Mac: ⌦ (Delete)
            '⌦': ['Delete', 'Del'], del: ['Delete', 'Del'], 'delete': ['Delete', 'Del'],
            // Left Arrow Key, or ←
            '←': ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'], left: ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'], 'arrow-left': ['ArrowLeft', 'Left'],
            // Up Arrow Key, or ↑
            '↑': ['ArrowUp', 'Up'], up: ['ArrowUp', 'Up'], 'arrow-up': ['ArrowUp', 'Up'],
            // Right Arrow Key, or →
            '→': ['ArrowRight', 'Right'], right: ['ArrowRight', 'Right'], 'arrow-right': ['ArrowRight', 'Right'],
            // Up Arrow Key, or ↓
            '↓': ['ArrowDown', 'Down'], down: ['ArrowDown', 'Down'], 'arrow-down': ['ArrowDown', 'Down'],
            // odities, stuff for backward compatibility (browsers and code):
            // Num-Multiply, or *
            '*': ['*', 'Multiply'], star: ['*', 'Multiply'], asterisk: ['*', 'Multiply'], multiply: ['*', 'Multiply'],
            // Num-Plus or +
            '+': ['+', 'Add'], 'plus': ['+', 'Add'],
            // Num-Subtract, or -
            '-': ['-', 'Subtract'], subtract: ['-', 'Subtract'], 'dash': ['-', 'Subtract'],
            // Semicolon
            semicolon: ';',
            // = or equals
            equals: '=',
            // Comma, or ,
            comma: ',',
            // Period, or ., or full-stop
            period: '.', 'full-stop': '.',
            // Slash, or /, or forward-slash
            slash: '/', 'forward-slash': '/',
            // Tick, or `, or back-quote
            tick: '`', 'back-quote': '`',
            // Open bracket, or [
            'open-bracket': '[',
            // Back slash, or \
            'back-slash': '\\',
            // Close backet, or ]
            'close-bracket': ']',
            // Apostrophe, or Quote, or '
            quote: '\'', apostrophe: '\'',
            // NUMPAD 0-9
            'num-0': '0',
            'num-1': '1',
            'num-2': '2',
            'num-3': '3',
            'num-4': '4',
            'num-5': '5',
            'num-6': '6',
            'num-7': '7',
            'num-8': '8',
            'num-9': '9',
            // F1-F25
            f1: 'F1',
            f2: 'F2',
            f3: 'F3',
            f4: 'F4',
            f5: 'F5',
            f6: 'F6',
            f7: 'F7',
            f8: 'F8',
            f9: 'F9',
            f10: 'F10',
            f11: 'F11',
            f12: 'F12',
            f13: 'F13',
            f14: 'F14',
            f15: 'F15',
            f16: 'F16',
            f17: 'F17',
            f18: 'F18',
            f19: 'F19',
            f20: 'F20',
            f21: 'F21',
            f22: 'F22',
            f23: 'F23',
            f24: 'F24',
            f25: 'F25'
        };

        utilKeybinding.keyCodes = {
            // Backspace key, on Mac: ⌫ (Backspace)
            '⌫': 8, backspace: 8,
            // Tab Key, on Mac: ⇥ (Tab), on Windows ⇥⇥
            '⇥': 9, '⇆': 9, tab: 9,
            // Return key, ↩
            '↩': 13, 'return': 13, enter: 13, '⌅': 13,
            // Pause/Break key
            'pause': 19, 'pause-break': 19,
            // Caps Lock key, ⇪
            '⇪': 20, caps: 20, 'caps-lock': 20,
            // Escape key, on Mac: ⎋, on Windows: Esc
            '⎋': 27, escape: 27, esc: 27,
            // Space key
            space: 32,
            // Page-Up key, or pgup, on Mac: ↖
            '↖': 33, pgup: 33, 'page-up': 33,
            // Page-Down key, or pgdown, on Mac: ↘
            '↘': 34, pgdown: 34, 'page-down': 34,
            // END key, on Mac: ⇟
            '⇟': 35, end: 35,
            // HOME key, on Mac: ⇞
            '⇞': 36, home: 36,
            // Insert key, or ins
            ins: 45, insert: 45,
            // Delete key, on Mac: ⌦ (Delete)
            '⌦': 46, del: 46, 'delete': 46,
            // Left Arrow Key, or ←
            '←': 37, left: 37, 'arrow-left': 37,
            // Up Arrow Key, or ↑
            '↑': 38, up: 38, 'arrow-up': 38,
            // Right Arrow Key, or →
            '→': 39, right: 39, 'arrow-right': 39,
            // Up Arrow Key, or ↓
            '↓': 40, down: 40, 'arrow-down': 40,
            // odities, printing characters that come out wrong:
            // Firefox Equals
            'ffequals': 61,
            // Num-Multiply, or *
            '*': 106, star: 106, asterisk: 106, multiply: 106,
            // Num-Plus or +
            '+': 107, 'plus': 107,
            // Num-Subtract, or -
            '-': 109, subtract: 109,
            // Firefox Plus
            'ffplus': 171,
            // Firefox Minus
            'ffminus': 173,
            // Semicolon
            ';': 186, semicolon: 186,
            // = or equals
            '=': 187, 'equals': 187,
            // Comma, or ,
            ',': 188, comma: 188,
            // Dash / Underscore key
            'dash': 189,
            // Period, or ., or full-stop
            '.': 190, period: 190, 'full-stop': 190,
            // Slash, or /, or forward-slash
            '/': 191, slash: 191, 'forward-slash': 191,
            // Tick, or `, or back-quote
            '`': 192, tick: 192, 'back-quote': 192,
            // Open bracket, or [
            '[': 219, 'open-bracket': 219,
            // Back slash, or \
            '\\': 220, 'back-slash': 220,
            // Close backet, or ]
            ']': 221, 'close-bracket': 221,
            // Apostrophe, or Quote, or '
            '\'': 222, quote: 222, apostrophe: 222
        };

        // NUMPAD 0-9
        var i$2 = 95, n = 0;
        while (++i$2 < 106) {
            utilKeybinding.keyCodes['num-' + n] = i$2;
            ++n;
        }

        // 0-9
        i$2 = 47; n = 0;
        while (++i$2 < 58) {
            utilKeybinding.keyCodes[n] = i$2;
            ++n;
        }

        // F1-F25
        i$2 = 111; n = 1;
        while (++i$2 < 136) {
            utilKeybinding.keyCodes['f' + n] = i$2;
            ++n;
        }

        // a-z
        i$2 = 64;
        while (++i$2 < 91) {
            utilKeybinding.keyCodes[String.fromCharCode(i$2).toLowerCase()] = i$2;
        }

        function utilObjectOmit(obj, omitKeys) {
            return Object.keys(obj).reduce(function(result, key) {
                if (omitKeys.indexOf(key) === -1) {
                    result[key] = obj[key];  // keep
                }
                return result;
            }, {});
        }

        // Copies a variable number of methods from source to target.
        function utilRebind(target, source) {
            var arguments$1 = arguments;

            var i = 1, n = arguments.length, method;
            while (++i < n) {
                target[method = arguments$1[i]] = d3_rebind(target, source, source[method]);
            }
            return target;
        }

        // Method is assumed to be a standard D3 getter-setter:
        // If passed with no arguments, gets the value.
        // If passed with arguments, sets the value and returns the target.
        function d3_rebind(target, source, method) {
            return function() {
                var value = method.apply(source, arguments);
                return value === source ? target : value;
            };
        }

        // A per-domain session mutex backed by a cookie and dead man's
        // switch. If the session crashes, the mutex will auto-release
        // after 5 seconds.

        // This accepts a string and returns an object that complies with utilSessionMutexType
        function utilSessionMutex(name) {
            var mutex = {};
            var intervalID;

            function renew() {
                var expires = new Date();
                expires.setSeconds(expires.getSeconds() + 5);
                document.cookie = name + '=1; expires=' + expires.toUTCString() + '; sameSite=strict';
            }

            mutex.lock = function () {
                if (intervalID) { return true; }
                var cookie = document.cookie.replace(new RegExp('(?:(?:^|.*;)\\s*' + name + '\\s*\\=\\s*([^;]*).*$)|^.*$'), '$1');
                if (cookie) { return false; }
                renew();
                intervalID = window.setInterval(renew, 4000);
                return true;
            };

            mutex.unlock = function () {
                if (!intervalID) { return; }
                document.cookie = name + '=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; sameSite=strict';
                clearInterval(intervalID);
                intervalID = null;
            };

            mutex.locked = function () {
                return !!intervalID;
            };

            return mutex;
        }

        function utilTiler() {
            var _size = [256, 256];
            var _scale = 256;
            var _tileSize = 256;
            var _zoomExtent = [0, 20];
            var _translate = [_size[0] / 2, _size[1] / 2];
            var _margin = 0;
            var _skipNullIsland = false;


            function clamp(num, min, max) {
                return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
            }


            function nearNullIsland(tile) {
                var x = tile[0];
                var y = tile[1];
                var z = tile[2];
                if (z >= 7) {
                    var center = Math.pow(2, z - 1);
                    var width = Math.pow(2, z - 6);
                    var min = center - (width / 2);
                    var max = center + (width / 2) - 1;
                    return x >= min && x <= max && y >= min && y <= max;
                }
                return false;
            }


            function tiler() {
                var z = geoScaleToZoom(_scale / (2 * Math.PI), _tileSize);
                var z0 = clamp(Math.round(z), _zoomExtent[0], _zoomExtent[1]);
                var tileMin = 0;
                var tileMax = Math.pow(2, z0) - 1;
                var log2ts = Math.log(_tileSize) * Math.LOG2E;
                var k = Math.pow(2, z - z0 + log2ts);
                var origin = [
                    (_translate[0] - _scale / 2) / k,
                    (_translate[1] - _scale / 2) / k
                ];

                var cols = range$1(
                    clamp(Math.floor(-origin[0]) - _margin,               tileMin, tileMax + 1),
                    clamp(Math.ceil(_size[0] / k - origin[0]) + _margin,  tileMin, tileMax + 1)
                );
                var rows = range$1(
                    clamp(Math.floor(-origin[1]) - _margin,               tileMin, tileMax + 1),
                    clamp(Math.ceil(_size[1] / k - origin[1]) + _margin,  tileMin, tileMax + 1)
                );

                var tiles = [];
                for (var i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
                    var y = rows[i];
                    for (var j = 0; j < cols.length; j++) {
                        var x = cols[j];

                        if (i >= _margin && i <= rows.length - _margin &&
                            j >= _margin && j <= cols.length - _margin) {
                            tiles.unshift([x, y, z0]);  // tiles in view at beginning
                        } else {
                            tiles.push([x, y, z0]);     // tiles in margin at the end
                        }
                    }
                }

                tiles.translate = origin;
                tiles.scale = k;

                return tiles;
            }


            /**
             * getTiles() returns an array of tiles that cover the map view
             */
            tiler.getTiles = function(projection) {
                var origin = [
                    projection.scale() * Math.PI - projection.translate()[0],
                    projection.scale() * Math.PI - projection.translate()[1]
                ];

                this
                    .size(projection.clipExtent()[1])
                    .scale(projection.scale() * 2 * Math.PI)
                    .translate(projection.translate());

                var tiles = tiler();
                var ts = tiles.scale;

                return tiles
                    .map(function(tile) {
                        if (_skipNullIsland && nearNullIsland(tile)) {
                            return false;
                        }
                        var x = tile[0] * ts - origin[0];
                        var y = tile[1] * ts - origin[1];
                        return {
                            id: tile.toString(),
                            xyz: tile,
                            extent: geoExtent(
                                projection.invert([x, y + ts]),
                                projection.invert([x + ts, y])
                            )
                        };
                    }).filter(Boolean);
            };


            /**
             * getGeoJSON() returns a FeatureCollection for debugging tiles
             */
            tiler.getGeoJSON = function(projection) {
                var features = tiler.getTiles(projection).map(function(tile) {
                    return {
                        type: 'Feature',
                        properties: {
                            id: tile.id,
                            name: tile.id
                        },
                        geometry: {
                            type: 'Polygon',
                            coordinates: [ tile.extent.polygon() ]
                        }
                    };
                });

                return {
                    type: 'FeatureCollection',
                    features: features
                };
            };


            tiler.tileSize = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _tileSize; }
                _tileSize = val;
                return tiler;
            };


            tiler.zoomExtent = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _zoomExtent; }
                _zoomExtent = val;
                return tiler;
            };


            tiler.size = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _size; }
                _size = val;
                return tiler;
            };


            tiler.scale = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _scale; }
                _scale = val;
                return tiler;
            };


            tiler.translate = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _translate; }
                _translate = val;
                return tiler;
            };


            // number to extend the rows/columns beyond those covering the viewport
            tiler.margin = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _margin; }
                _margin = +val;
                return tiler;
            };


            tiler.skipNullIsland = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _skipNullIsland; }
                _skipNullIsland = val;
                return tiler;
            };


            return tiler;
        }

        function utilTriggerEvent(target, type) {
            target.each(function() {
                var evt = document.createEvent('HTMLEvents');
                evt.initEvent(type, true, true);
                this.dispatchEvent(evt);
            });
        }

        var _mainLocalizer = coreLocalizer(); // singleton
        var _t = _mainLocalizer.t;

        //
        // coreLocalizer manages language and locale parameters including translated strings
        //
        function coreLocalizer() {

            var localizer = {};

            var _dataLanguages = {};

            // `localeData` is an object containing all _supported_ locale codes -> language info.
            // {
            // en: { rtl: false, languageNames: {…}, scriptNames: {…} },
            // de: { rtl: false, languageNames: {…}, scriptNames: {…} },
            // …
            // }
            var _dataLocales = {};

            // `localeStrings` is an object containing all _loaded_ locale codes -> string data.
            // {
            // en: { icons: {…}, toolbar: {…}, modes: {…}, operations: {…}, … },
            // de: { icons: {…}, toolbar: {…}, modes: {…}, operations: {…}, … },
            // …
            // }
            var _localeStrings = {};

            // the current locale parameters
            var _localeCode = 'en-US';
            var _languageCode = 'en';
            var _textDirection = 'ltr';
            var _usesMetric = false;
            var _languageNames = {};
            var _scriptNames = {};

            // getters for the current locale parameters
            localizer.localeCode = function () { return _localeCode; };
            localizer.languageCode = function () { return _languageCode; };
            localizer.textDirection = function () { return _textDirection; };
            localizer.usesMetric = function () { return _usesMetric; };
            localizer.languageNames = function () { return _languageNames; };
            localizer.scriptNames = function () { return _scriptNames; };


            // The client app may want to manually set the locale, regardless of the
            // settings provided by the browser
            var _preferredLocaleCodes = [];
            localizer.preferredLocaleCodes = function(codes) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _preferredLocaleCodes; }
                if (typeof codes === 'string') {
                    // be generous and accept delimited strings as input
                    _preferredLocaleCodes = codes.split(/,|;| /gi).filter(Boolean);
                } else {
                    _preferredLocaleCodes = codes;
                }
                return localizer;
            };


            var _loadPromise;

            localizer.ensureLoaded = function () {

                if (_loadPromise) { return _loadPromise; }

                return _loadPromise = Promise.all([
                        // load the list of languages
                        _mainFileFetcher.get('languages'),
                        // load the list of supported locales
                        _mainFileFetcher.get('locales')
                    ])
                    .then(function (results) {
                        _dataLanguages = results[0];
                        _dataLocales = results[1];
                    })
                    .then(function () {
                        var requestedLocales = (_preferredLocaleCodes || [])
                            // list of locales preferred by the browser in priority order
                            .concat(utilDetect().browserLocales);
                        _localeCode = bestSupportedLocale(requestedLocales);

                        return Promise.all([
                            // always load the English locale strings as fallbacks
                            localizer.loadLocale('en'),
                            // load the preferred locale
                            localizer.loadLocale(_localeCode)
                        ]);
                    })
                    .then(function () {
                        updateForCurrentLocale();
                    })
                    .catch(function (err) { return console.error(err); });  // eslint-disable-line
            };

            // Returns the best locale from `locales` supported by iD, if any
            function bestSupportedLocale(locales) {
                var supportedLocales = _dataLocales;

                var loop = function ( i ) {
                    var locale = locales[i];
                    if (locale.includes('-')) { // full locale ('es-ES')

                        if (supportedLocales[locale]) { return { v: locale }; }

                        // If full locale not supported ('es-FAKE'), fallback to the base ('es')
                        var langPart = locale.split('-')[0];
                        if (supportedLocales[langPart]) { return { v: langPart }; }

                    } else { // base locale ('es')

                        // prefer a lower-priority full locale with this base ('es' < 'es-ES')
                        var fullLocale = locales.find(function (locale2, index) {
                            return index > i &&
                                locale2 !== locale &&
                                locale2.split('-')[0] === locale &&
                                supportedLocales[locale2];
                        });
                        if (fullLocale) { return { v: fullLocale }; }

                        if (supportedLocales[locale]) { return { v: locale }; }
                    }
                };

                for (var i in locales) {
                    var returned = loop( i );

                    if ( returned ) return returned.v;
                }

                return null;
            }

            function updateForCurrentLocale() {
                if (!_localeCode) { return; }

                _languageCode = _localeCode.split('-')[0];

                var currentData = _dataLocales[_localeCode] || _dataLocales[_languageCode];

                var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);

                if (hash.rtl === 'true') {
                    _textDirection = 'rtl';
                } else if (hash.rtl === 'false') {
                    _textDirection = 'ltr';
                }  else {
                    _textDirection = currentData && currentData.rtl ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
                }

                _languageNames = currentData && currentData.languageNames;
                _scriptNames = currentData && currentData.scriptNames;

                _usesMetric = _localeCode.slice(-3).toLowerCase() !== '-us';
            }


            /* Locales */
            // Returns a Promise to load the strings for the requested locale
            localizer.loadLocale = function (requested) {

                if (!_dataLocales) {
                    return Promise.reject('loadLocale called before init');
                }

                var locale = requested;

                // US English is the default
                if (locale.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') { locale = 'en'; }

                if (!_dataLocales[locale]) {
                    return Promise.reject(("Unsupported locale: " + requested));
                }

                if (_localeStrings[locale]) {    // already loaded
                    return Promise.resolve(locale);
                }

                var fileMap = _mainFileFetcher.fileMap();
                var key = "locale_" + locale;
                fileMap[key] = "locales/" + locale + ".json";

                return _mainFileFetcher.get(key)
                    .then(function (d) {
                        _localeStrings[locale] = d[locale];
                        return locale;
                    });
            };

            /**
            * Given a string identifier, try to find that string in the current
            * language, and return it.  This function will be called recursively
            * with locale `en` if a string can not be found in the requested language.
            *
            * @param  {string}   s             string identifier
            * @param  {object?}  replacements  token replacements and default string
            * @param  {string?}  locale        locale to use (defaults to currentLocale)
            * @return {string?}  localized string
            */
            localizer.t = function(s, replacements, locale) {
                locale = locale || _localeCode;

                // US English is the default
                if (locale.toLowerCase() === 'en-us') { locale = 'en'; }

                var path = s
                  .split('.')
                  .map(function (s) { return s.replace(/<TX_DOT>/g, '.'); })
                  .reverse();

                var result = _localeStrings[locale];

                while (result !== undefined && path.length) {
                  result = result[path.pop()];
                }

                if (result !== undefined) {
                  if (replacements) {
                    for (var k in replacements) {
                      var token = "{" + k + "}";
                      var regex = new RegExp(token, 'g');
                      result = result.replace(regex, replacements[k]);
                    }
                  }
                  return result;
                }

                if (locale !== 'en') {
                  return localizer.t(s, replacements, 'en');  // fallback - recurse with 'en'
                }

                if (replacements && 'default' in replacements) {
                  return replacements.default;      // fallback - replacements.default
                }

                var missing = "Missing " + locale + " translation: " + s;
                if (typeof console !== 'undefined') { console.error(missing); }  // eslint-disable-line

                return missing;
            };

            localizer.languageName = function (code, options) {

                if (_languageNames[code]) {  // name in locale language
                  // e.g. "German"
                  return _languageNames[code];
                }

                // sometimes we only want the local name
                if (options && options.localOnly) { return null; }

                var langInfo = _dataLanguages[code];
                if (langInfo) {
                  if (langInfo.nativeName) {  // name in native language
                    // e.g. "Deutsch (de)"
                    return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', { language: langInfo.nativeName, code: code });

                  } else if (langInfo.base && langInfo.script) {
                    var base = langInfo.base;   // the code of the language this is based on

                    if (_languageNames[base]) {   // base language name in locale language
                      var scriptCode = langInfo.script;
                      var script = _scriptNames[scriptCode] || scriptCode;
                      // e.g. "Serbian (Cyrillic)"
                      return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', { language: _languageNames[base], code: script });

                    } else if (_dataLanguages[base] && _dataLanguages[base].nativeName) {
                      // e.g. "српски (sr-Cyrl)"
                      return localizer.t('translate.language_and_code', { language: _dataLanguages[base].nativeName, code: code });
                    }
                  }
                }
                return code;  // if not found, use the code
            };

            return localizer;
        }

        //
        // `presetCollection` is a wrapper around an `Array` of presets `collection`,
        // and decorated with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
        //
        function presetCollection(collection) {
          var MAXRESULTS = 50;
          var _this = {};
          var _memo = {};

          _this.collection = collection;

          _this.item = function (id) {
            if (_memo[id]) { return _memo[id]; }
            var found = _this.collection.find(function (d) { return d.id === id; });
            if (found) { _memo[id] = found; }
            return found;
          };

          _this.index = function (id) { return _this.collection.findIndex(function (d) { return d.id === id; }); };

          _this.matchGeometry = function (geometry) {
            return presetCollection(
              _this.collection.filter(function (d) { return d.matchGeometry(geometry); })
            );
          };

          _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
            return presetCollection(
              _this.collection.filter(function (d) { return d && d.matchAllGeometry(geometries); })
            );
          };

          _this.matchAnyGeometry = function (geometries) {
            return presetCollection(
              _this.collection.filter(function (d) { return geometries.some(function (geom) { return d.matchGeometry(geom); }); })
            );
          };

          _this.fallback = function (geometry) {
            var id = geometry;
            if (id === 'vertex') { id = 'point'; }
            return _this.item(id);
          };

          _this.search = function (value, geometry, countryCode) {
            if (!value) { return _this; }

            value = value.toLowerCase().trim();

            // match at name beginning or just after a space (e.g. "office" -> match "Law Office")
            function leading(a) {
              var index = a.indexOf(value);
              return index === 0 || a[index - 1] === ' ';
            }

            // match at name beginning only
            function leadingStrict(a) {
              var index = a.indexOf(value);
              return index === 0;
            }

            function sortNames(a, b) {
              var aCompare = (a.suggestion ? a.originalName : a.name()).toLowerCase();
              var bCompare = (b.suggestion ? b.originalName : b.name()).toLowerCase();

              // priority if search string matches preset name exactly - #4325
              if (value === aCompare) { return -1; }
              if (value === bCompare) { return 1; }

              // priority for higher matchScore
              var i = b.originalScore - a.originalScore;
              if (i !== 0) { return i; }

              // priority if search string appears earlier in preset name
              i = aCompare.indexOf(value) - bCompare.indexOf(value);
              if (i !== 0) { return i; }

              // priority for shorter preset names
              return aCompare.length - bCompare.length;
            }

            var pool = _this.collection;
            if (countryCode) {
              pool = pool.filter(function (a) {
                if (a.countryCodes && a.countryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) === -1) { return false; }
                if (a.notCountryCodes && a.notCountryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) !== -1) { return false; }
                return true;
              });
            }
            var searchable = pool.filter(function (a) { return a.searchable !== false && a.suggestion !== true; });
            var suggestions = pool.filter(function (a) { return a.suggestion === true; });

            // matches value to preset.name
            var leading_name = searchable
              .filter(function (a) { return leading(a.name().toLowerCase()); })
              .sort(sortNames);

            // matches value to preset suggestion name (original name is unhyphenated)
            var leading_suggestions = suggestions
              .filter(function (a) { return leadingStrict(a.originalName.toLowerCase()); })
              .sort(sortNames);

            // matches value to preset.terms values
            var leading_terms = searchable
              .filter(function (a) { return (a.terms() || []).some(leading); });

            // matches value to preset.tags values
            var leading_tag_values = searchable
              .filter(function (a) { return Object.values(a.tags || {}).filter(function (val) { return val !== '*'; }).some(leading); });

            // finds close matches to value in preset.name
            var similar_name = searchable
              .map(function (a) { return ({ preset: a, dist: utilEditDistance(value, a.name()) }); })
              .filter(function (a) { return a.dist + Math.min(value.length - a.preset.name().length, 0) < 3; })
              .sort(function (a, b) { return a.dist - b.dist; })
              .map(function (a) { return a.preset; });

            // finds close matches to value to preset suggestion name (original name is unhyphenated)
            var similar_suggestions = suggestions
              .map(function (a) { return ({ preset: a, dist: utilEditDistance(value, a.originalName.toLowerCase()) }); })
              .filter(function (a) { return a.dist + Math.min(value.length - a.preset.originalName.length, 0) < 1; })
              .sort(function (a, b) { return a.dist - b.dist; })
              .map(function (a) { return a.preset; });

            // finds close matches to value in preset.terms
            var similar_terms = searchable
              .filter(function (a) {
                return (a.terms() || []).some(function (b) {
                  return utilEditDistance(value, b) + Math.min(value.length - b.length, 0) < 3;
                });
              });

            var results = leading_name.concat(
              leading_suggestions,
              leading_terms,
              leading_tag_values,
              similar_name,
              similar_suggestions,
              similar_terms
            ).slice(0, MAXRESULTS - 1);

            if (geometry) {
              if (typeof geometry === 'string') {
                results.push(_this.fallback(geometry));
              } else {
                geometry.forEach(function (geom) { return results.push(_this.fallback(geom)); });
              }
            }

            return presetCollection(utilArrayUniq(results));
          };


          return _this;
        }

        //
        // `presetCategory` builds a `presetCollection` of member presets,
        // decorated with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
        //
        function presetCategory(categoryID, category, all) {
          var _this = Object.assign({}, category);   // shallow copy

          _this.id = categoryID;

          _this.members = presetCollection(
            category.members.map(function (presetID) { return all.item(presetID); }).filter(Boolean)
          );

          _this.geometry = _this.members.collection
            .reduce(function (acc, preset) {
              for (var i in preset.geometry) {
                var geometry = preset.geometry[i];
                if (acc.indexOf(geometry) === -1) {
                  acc.push(geometry);
                }
              }
              return acc;
            }, []);

          _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) { return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) >= 0; };

          _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) { return _this.members.collection
            .some(function (preset) { return preset.matchAllGeometry(geometries); }); };

          _this.matchScore = function () { return -1; };

          _this.name = function () { return _t(("presets.categories." + categoryID + ".name"), { 'default': categoryID }); };

          _this.terms = function () { return []; };


          return _this;
        }

        //
        // `presetField` decorates a given `field` Object
        // with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
        //
        function presetField(fieldID, field) {
          var _this = Object.assign({}, field);   // shallow copy

          _this.id = fieldID;

          // for use in classes, element ids, css selectors
          _this.safeid = utilSafeClassName(fieldID);

          _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) { return !_this.geometry || _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) !== -1; };

          _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geometries) {
            return !_this.geometry || geometries.every(function (geom) { return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) !== -1; });
          };

          _this.t = function (scope, options) { return _t(("presets.fields." + fieldID + "." + scope), options); };

          _this.label = function () { return _this.overrideLabel || _this.t('label', { 'default': fieldID }); };

          var _placeholder = _this.placeholder;
          _this.placeholder = function () { return _this.t('placeholder', { 'default': _placeholder }); };

          _this.originalTerms = (_this.terms || []).join();

          _this.terms = function () { return _this.t('terms', { 'default': _this.originalTerms })
            .toLowerCase().trim().split(/\s*,+\s*/); };


          return _this;
        }

        //
        // `presetPreset` decorates a given `preset` Object
        // with some extra methods for searching and matching geometry
        //
        function presetPreset(presetID, preset, addable, allFields, allPresets) {
          allFields = allFields || {};
          allPresets = allPresets || {};
          var _this = Object.assign({}, preset);   // shallow copy
          var _addable = addable || false;
          var _resolvedFields;      // cache
          var _resolvedMoreFields;  // cache

          _this.id = presetID;

          _this.safeid = utilSafeClassName(presetID);  // for use in css classes, selectors, element ids

          _this.originalTerms = (_this.terms || []).join();

          _this.originalName = _this.name || '';

          _this.originalScore = _this.matchScore || 1;

          _this.originalReference = _this.reference || {};

          _this.originalFields = (_this.fields || []);

          _this.originalMoreFields = (_this.moreFields || []);

          _this.fields = function () { return _resolvedFields || (_resolvedFields = resolve('fields')); };

          _this.moreFields = function () { return _resolvedMoreFields || (_resolvedMoreFields = resolve('moreFields')); };

          _this.resetFields = function () { return _resolvedFields = _resolvedMoreFields = null; };

          _this.tags = _this.tags || {};

          _this.addTags = _this.addTags || _this.tags;

          _this.removeTags = _this.removeTags || _this.addTags;

          _this.geometry = (_this.geometry || []);

          _this.matchGeometry = function (geom) { return _this.geometry.indexOf(geom) >= 0; };

          _this.matchAllGeometry = function (geoms) { return geoms.every(_this.matchGeometry); };

          _this.matchScore = function (entityTags) {
            var tags = _this.tags;
            var seen = {};
            var score = 0;

            // match on tags
            for (var k in tags) {
              seen[k] = true;
              if (entityTags[k] === tags[k]) {
                score += _this.originalScore;
              } else if (tags[k] === '*' && k in entityTags) {
                score += _this.originalScore / 2;
              } else {
                return -1;
              }
            }

            // boost score for additional matches in addTags - #6802
            var addTags = _this.addTags;
            for (var k$1 in addTags) {
              if (!seen[k$1] && entityTags[k$1] === addTags[k$1]) {
                score += _this.originalScore;
              }
            }

            return score;
          };


          var _textCache = {};
          _this.t = function (scope, options) {
            var textID = "presets.presets." + presetID + "." + scope;
            if (_textCache[textID]) { return _textCache[textID]; }
            return _textCache[textID] = _t(textID, options);
          };


          _this.name = function () {
            if (_this.suggestion) {
              var path = presetID.split('/');
              path.pop();  // remove brand name
              // NOTE: insert an en-dash, not a hyphen (to avoid conflict with fr - nl names in Brussels etc)
              return _this.originalName + ' – ' + _t('presets.presets.' + path.join('/') + '.name');
            }
            return _this.t('name', { 'default': _this.originalName });
          };


          _this.terms = function () { return _this.t('terms', { 'default': _this.originalTerms })
            .toLowerCase().trim().split(/\s*,+\s*/); };


          _this.isFallback = function () {
            var tagCount = Object.keys(_this.tags).length;
            return tagCount === 0 || (tagCount === 1 && _this.tags.hasOwnProperty('area'));
          };


          _this.addable = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _addable; }
            _addable = val;
            return _this;
          };


          _this.reference = function () {
            // Lookup documentation on Wikidata...
            var qid = _this.tags.wikidata || _this.tags['brand:wikidata'] || _this.tags['operator:wikidata'];
            if (qid) {
              return { qid: qid };
            }

            // Lookup documentation on OSM Wikibase...
            var key = _this.originalReference.key || Object.keys(utilObjectOmit(_this.tags, 'name'))[0];
            var value = _this.originalReference.value || _this.tags[key];

            if (value === '*') {
              return { key: key };
            } else {
              return { key: key, value: value };
            }
          };


          _this.unsetTags = function (tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults) {
            tags = utilObjectOmit(tags, Object.keys(_this.removeTags));

            if (geometry && !skipFieldDefaults) {
              _this.fields().forEach(function (field) {
                if (field.matchGeometry(geometry) && field.key && field.default === tags[field.key]) {
                  delete tags[field.key];
                }
              });
            }

            delete tags.area;
            return tags;
          };


          _this.setTags = function (tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults) {
            var addTags = _this.addTags;
            tags = Object.assign({}, tags);   // shallow copy

            for (var k in addTags) {
              if (addTags[k] === '*') {
                tags[k] = 'yes';
              } else {
                tags[k] = addTags[k];
              }
            }

            // Add area=yes if necessary.
            // This is necessary if the geometry is already an area (e.g. user drew an area) AND any of:
            // 1. chosen preset could be either an area or a line (`barrier=city_wall`)
            // 2. chosen preset doesn't have a key in osmAreaKeys (`railway=station`)
            if (!addTags.hasOwnProperty('area')) {
              delete tags.area;
              if (geometry === 'area') {
                var needsAreaTag = true;
                if (_this.geometry.indexOf('line') === -1) {
                  for (var k$1 in addTags) {
                    if (k$1 in osmAreaKeys) {
                      needsAreaTag = false;
                      break;
                    }
                  }
                }
                if (needsAreaTag) {
                  tags.area = 'yes';
                }
              }
            }

            if (geometry && !skipFieldDefaults) {
              _this.fields().forEach(function (field) {
                if (field.matchGeometry(geometry) && field.key && !tags[field.key] && field.default) {
                  tags[field.key] = field.default;
                }
              });
            }

            return tags;
          };


          // For a preset without fields, use the fields of the parent preset.
          // Replace {preset} placeholders with the fields of the specified presets.
          function resolve(which) {
            var fieldIDs = (which === 'fields' ? _this.originalFields : _this.originalMoreFields);
            var resolved = [];

            fieldIDs.forEach(function (fieldID) {
              var match = fieldID.match(/\{(.*)\}/);
              if (match !== null) {    // a presetID wrapped in braces {}
                resolved = resolved.concat(inheritFields(match[1], which));
              } else if (allFields[fieldID]) {    // a normal fieldID
                resolved.push(allFields[fieldID]);
              } else {
                console.log(("Cannot resolve \"" + fieldID + "\" found in " + (_this.id) + "." + which));  // eslint-disable-line no-console
              }
            });

            // no fields resolved, so use the parent's if possible
            if (!resolved.length) {
              var endIndex = _this.id.lastIndexOf('/');
              var parentID = endIndex && _this.id.substring(0, endIndex);
              if (parentID) {
                resolved = inheritFields(parentID, which);
              }
            }

            return utilArrayUniq(resolved);


            // returns an array of fields to inherit from the given presetID, if found
            function inheritFields(presetID, which) {
              var parent = allPresets[presetID];
              if (!parent) { return []; }

              if (which === 'fields') {
                return parent.fields().filter(shouldInherit);
              } else if (which === 'moreFields') {
                return parent.moreFields();
              } else {
                return [];
              }
            }


            // Skip `fields` for the keys which define the preset.
            // These are usually `typeCombo` fields like `shop=*`
            function shouldInherit(f) {
              if (f.key && _this.tags[f.key] !== undefined &&
                // inherit anyway if multiple values are allowed or just a checkbox
                f.type !== 'multiCombo' && f.type !== 'semiCombo' && f.type !== 'check'
              ) { return false; }

              return true;
            }
          }


          return _this;
        }

        var _mainPresetIndex = presetIndex(); // singleton

        //
        // `presetIndex` wraps a `presetCollection`
        // with methods for loading new data and returning defaults
        //
        function presetIndex() {
          var dispatch$1 = dispatch('favoritePreset', 'recentsChange');
          var MAXRECENTS = 30;

          // seed the preset lists with geometry fallbacks
          var POINT = presetPreset('point', { name: 'Point', tags: {}, geometry: ['point', 'vertex'], matchScore: 0.1 } );
          var LINE = presetPreset('line', { name: 'Line', tags: {}, geometry: ['line'], matchScore: 0.1 } );
          var AREA = presetPreset('area', { name: 'Area', tags: { area: 'yes' }, geometry: ['area'], matchScore: 0.1 } );
          var RELATION = presetPreset('relation', { name: 'Relation', tags: {}, geometry: ['relation'], matchScore: 0.1 } );

          var _this = presetCollection([POINT, LINE, AREA, RELATION]);
          var _presets = { point: POINT, line: LINE, area: AREA, relation: RELATION };

          var _defaults = {
            point: presetCollection([POINT]),
            vertex: presetCollection([POINT]),
            line: presetCollection([LINE]),
            area: presetCollection([AREA]),
            relation: presetCollection([RELATION])
          };

          var _fields = {};
          var _categories = {};
          var _universal = [];
          var _addablePresetIDs = null;   // Set of preset IDs that the user can add
          var _recents;
          var _favorites;

          // Index of presets by (geometry, tag key).
          var _geometryIndex = { point: {}, vertex: {}, line: {}, area: {}, relation: {} };

          var _loadPromise;

          _this.ensureLoaded = function () {
            if (_loadPromise) { return _loadPromise; }

            return _loadPromise = Promise.all([
                _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_categories'),
                _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_defaults'),
                _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_presets'),
                _mainFileFetcher.get('preset_fields')
              ])
              .then(function (vals) {
                _this.merge({
                  categories: vals[0],
                  defaults: vals[1],
                  presets: vals[2],
                  fields: vals[3]
                });
                osmSetAreaKeys(_this.areaKeys());
                osmSetPointTags(_this.pointTags());
                osmSetVertexTags(_this.vertexTags());
              });
          };


          _this.merge = function (d) {
            // Merge Fields
            if (d.fields) {
              Object.keys(d.fields).forEach(function (fieldID) {
                var f = d.fields[fieldID];
                if (f) {   // add or replace
                  _fields[fieldID] = presetField(fieldID, f);
                } else {   // remove
                  delete _fields[fieldID];
                }
              });
            }

            // Merge Presets
            if (d.presets) {
              Object.keys(d.presets).forEach(function (presetID) {
                var p = d.presets[presetID];
                if (p) {   // add or replace
                  var isAddable = !_addablePresetIDs || _addablePresetIDs.has(presetID);
                  _presets[presetID] = presetPreset(presetID, p, isAddable, _fields, _presets);
                } else {   // remove (but not if it's a fallback)
                  var existing = _presets[presetID];
                  if (existing && !existing.isFallback()) {
                    delete _presets[presetID];
                  }
                }
              });
            }

            // Need to rebuild _this.collection before loading categories
            _this.collection = Object.values(_presets).concat(Object.values(_categories));

            // Merge Categories
            if (d.categories) {
              Object.keys(d.categories).forEach(function (categoryID) {
                var c = d.categories[categoryID];
                if (c) {   // add or replace
                  _categories[categoryID] = presetCategory(categoryID, c, _this);
                } else {   // remove
                  delete _categories[categoryID];
                }
              });
            }

            // Rebuild _this.collection after loading categories
            _this.collection = Object.values(_presets).concat(Object.values(_categories));

            // Merge Defaults
            if (d.defaults) {
              Object.keys(d.defaults).forEach(function (geometry) {
                var def = d.defaults[geometry];
                if (Array.isArray(def)) {   // add or replace
                  _defaults[geometry] = presetCollection(
                    def.map(function (id) { return _presets[id] || _categories[id]; }).filter(Boolean)
                  );
                } else {   // remove
                  delete _defaults[geometry];
                }
              });
            }

            // Rebuild universal fields array
            _universal = Object.values(_fields).filter(function (field) { return field.universal; });

            // Reset all the preset fields - they'll need to be resolved again
            Object.values(_presets).forEach(function (preset) { return preset.resetFields(); });

            // Rebuild geometry index
            _geometryIndex = { point: {}, vertex: {}, line: {}, area: {}, relation: {} };
            _this.collection.forEach(function (preset) {
              (preset.geometry || []).forEach(function (geometry) {
                var g = _geometryIndex[geometry];
                for (var key in preset.tags) {
                  (g[key] = g[key] || []).push(preset);
                }
              });
            });

            return _this;
          };


          _this.match = function (entity, resolver) {
            return resolver.transient(entity, 'presetMatch', function () {
              var geometry = entity.geometry(resolver);
              // Treat entities on addr:interpolation lines as points, not vertices - #3241
              if (geometry === 'vertex' && entity.isOnAddressLine(resolver)) {
                geometry = 'point';
              }
              return _this.matchTags(entity.tags, geometry);
            });
          };


          _this.matchTags = function (tags, geometry) {
            var geometryMatches = _geometryIndex[geometry];
            var address;
            var best = -1;
            var match;

            for (var k in tags) {
              // If any part of an address is present, allow fallback to "Address" preset - #4353
              if (/^addr:/.test(k) && geometryMatches['addr:*']) {
                address = geometryMatches['addr:*'][0];
              }

              var keyMatches = geometryMatches[k];
              if (!keyMatches) { continue; }

              for (var i = 0; i < keyMatches.length; i++) {
                var score = keyMatches[i].matchScore(tags);
                if (score > best) {
                  best = score;
                  match = keyMatches[i];
                }
              }
            }

            if (address && (!match || match.isFallback())) {
              match = address;
            }
            return match || _this.fallback(geometry);
          };


          _this.allowsVertex = function (entity, resolver) {
            if (entity.type !== 'node') { return false; }
            if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) { return true; }

            return resolver.transient(entity, 'vertexMatch', function () {
              // address lines allow vertices to act as standalone points
              if (entity.isOnAddressLine(resolver)) { return true; }

              var geometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(entity.tags);
              if (geometries.vertex) { return true; }
              if (geometries.point) { return false; }
              // allow vertices for unspecified points
              return true;
            });
          };


          // Because of the open nature of tagging, iD will never have a complete
          // list of tags used in OSM, so we want it to have logic like "assume
          // that a closed way with an amenity tag is an area, unless the amenity
          // is one of these specific types". This function computes a structure
          // that allows testing of such conditions, based on the presets designated
          // as as supporting (or not supporting) the area geometry.
          //
          // The returned object L is a keeplist/discardlist of tags. A closed way
          // with a tag (k, v) is considered to be an area if `k in L && !(v in L[k])`
          // (see `Way#isArea()`). In other words, the keys of L form the keeplist,
          // and the subkeys form the discardlist.
          _this.areaKeys = function () {
            // The ignore list is for keys that imply lines. (We always add `area=yes` for exceptions)
            var ignore = ['barrier', 'highway', 'footway', 'railway', 'junction', 'type'];
            var areaKeys = {};

            // ignore name-suggestion-index and deprecated presets
            var presets = _this.collection.filter(function (p) { return !p.suggestion && !p.replacement; });

            // keeplist
            presets.forEach(function (p) {
              var key;
              for (key in p.tags) { break; }  // pick the first tag
              if (!key) { return; }
              if (ignore.indexOf(key) !== -1) { return; }

              if (p.geometry.indexOf('area') !== -1) {    // probably an area..
                areaKeys[key] = areaKeys[key] || {};
              }
            });

            // discardlist
            presets.forEach(function (p) {
              var key;
              for (key in p.addTags) {
                // examine all addTags to get a better sense of what can be tagged on lines - #6800
                var value = p.addTags[key];
                if (key in areaKeys &&                    // probably an area...
                  p.geometry.indexOf('line') !== -1 &&    // but sometimes a line
                  value !== '*') {
                  areaKeys[key][value] = true;
                }
              }
            });

            return areaKeys;
          };


          _this.pointTags = function () {
            return _this.collection.reduce(function (pointTags, d) {
              // ignore name-suggestion-index, deprecated, and generic presets
              if (d.suggestion || d.replacement || d.searchable === false) { return pointTags; }

              // only care about the primary tag
              var key;
              for (key in d.tags) { break; }  // pick the first tag
              if (!key) { return pointTags; }

              // if this can be a point
              if (d.geometry.indexOf('point') !== -1) {
                pointTags[key] = pointTags[key] || {};
                pointTags[key][d.tags[key]] = true;
              }
              return pointTags;
            }, {});
          };


          _this.vertexTags = function () {
            return _this.collection.reduce(function (vertexTags, d) {
              // ignore name-suggestion-index, deprecated, and generic presets
              if (d.suggestion || d.replacement || d.searchable === false) { return vertexTags; }

              // only care about the primary tag
              var key;
              for (key in d.tags) { break; }   // pick the first tag
              if (!key) { return vertexTags; }

              // if this can be a vertex
              if (d.geometry.indexOf('vertex') !== -1) {
                vertexTags[key] = vertexTags[key] || {};
                vertexTags[key][d.tags[key]] = true;
              }
              return vertexTags;
            }, {});
          };


          _this.field = function (id) { return _fields[id]; };

          _this.universal = function () { return _universal; };


          _this.defaults = function (geometry, n, startWithRecents) {
            var recents = [];
            if (startWithRecents) {
              recents = _this.recent().matchGeometry(geometry).collection.slice(0, 4);
            }
            var defaults;
            if (_addablePresetIDs) {
              defaults = Array.from(_addablePresetIDs).map(function(id) {
                var preset = _this.item(id);
                if (preset && preset.matchGeometry(geometry)) { return preset; }
                return null;
              }).filter(Boolean);
            } else {
              defaults = _defaults[geometry].collection.concat(_this.fallback(geometry));
            }

            return presetCollection(
              utilArrayUniq(recents.concat(defaults)).slice(0, n - 1)
            );
          };

          // pass a Set of addable preset ids
          _this.addablePresetIDs = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _addablePresetIDs; }

            // accept and convert arrays
            if (Array.isArray(val)) { val = new Set(val); }

            _addablePresetIDs = val;
            if (_addablePresetIDs) {   // reset all presets
              _this.collection.forEach(function (p) {
                // categories aren't addable
                if (p.addable) { p.addable(_addablePresetIDs.has(p.id)); }
              });
            } else {
              _this.collection.forEach(function (p) {
                if (p.addable) { p.addable(true); }
              });
            }

            return _this;
          };


          _this.recent = function () {
            return presetCollection(
              utilArrayUniq(_this.getRecents().map(function (d) { return d.preset; }))
            );
          };


          function RibbonItem(preset, source) {
            var item = {};
            item.preset = preset;
            item.source = source;

            item.isFavorite = function () { return item.source === 'favorite'; };
            item.isRecent = function () { return item.source === 'recent'; };
            item.matches = function (preset) { return item.preset.id === preset.id; };
            item.minified = function () { return ({ pID: item.preset.id }); };

            return item;
          }


          function ribbonItemForMinified(d, source) {
            if (d && d.pID) {
              var preset = _this.item(d.pID);
              if (!preset) { return null; }
              return RibbonItem(preset, source);
            }
            return null;
          }


          _this.getGenericRibbonItems = function () {
            return ['point', 'line', 'area'].map(function (id) { return RibbonItem(_this.item(id), 'generic'); });
          };


          _this.getAddable = function () {
              if (!_addablePresetIDs) { return []; }

              return _addablePresetIDs.map(function (id) {
                var preset = _this.item(id);
                if (preset) {
                  return RibbonItem(preset, 'addable');
                }
              }).filter(Boolean);
          };


          function setRecents(items) {
            _recents = items;
            var minifiedItems = items.map(function (d) { return d.minified(); });
            corePreferences('preset_recents', JSON.stringify(minifiedItems));
            dispatch$1.call('recentsChange');
          }


          _this.getRecents = function () {
            if (!_recents) {
              // fetch from local storage
              _recents = (JSON.parse(corePreferences('preset_recents')) || [])
                .reduce(function (acc, d) {
                  var item = ribbonItemForMinified(d, 'recent');
                  if (item && item.preset.addable()) { acc.push(item); }
                  return acc;
                }, []);
            }
            return _recents;
          };


          _this.addRecent = function (preset, besidePreset, after) {
            var recents = _this.getRecents();

            var beforeItem = _this.recentMatching(besidePreset);
            var toIndex = recents.indexOf(beforeItem);
            if (after) { toIndex += 1; }

            var newItem = RibbonItem(preset, 'recent');
            recents.splice(toIndex, 0, newItem);
            setRecents(recents);
          };


          _this.removeRecent = function (preset) {
            var item = _this.recentMatching(preset);
            if (item) {
              var items = _this.getRecents();
              items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
              setRecents(items);
            }
          };


          _this.recentMatching = function (preset) {
            var items = _this.getRecents();
            for (var i in items) {
              if (items[i].matches(preset)) {
                return items[i];
              }
            }
            return null;
          };


          _this.moveItem = function (items, fromIndex, toIndex) {
            if (fromIndex === toIndex ||
              fromIndex < 0 || toIndex < 0 ||
              fromIndex >= items.length || toIndex >= items.length
            ) { return null; }

            items.splice(toIndex, 0, items.splice(fromIndex, 1)[0]);
            return items;
          };


          _this.moveRecent = function (item, beforeItem) {
            var recents = _this.getRecents();
            var fromIndex = recents.indexOf(item);
            var toIndex = recents.indexOf(beforeItem);
            var items = _this.moveItem(recents, fromIndex, toIndex);
            if (items) { setRecents(items); }
          };


          _this.setMostRecent = function (preset) {
            if (preset.searchable === false) { return; }

            var items = _this.getRecents();
            var item = _this.recentMatching(preset);
            if (item) {
              items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
            } else {
              item = RibbonItem(preset, 'recent');
            }

            // remove the last recent (first in, first out)
            while (items.length >= MAXRECENTS) {
              items.pop();
            }

            // prepend array
            items.unshift(item);
            setRecents(items);
          };

          function setFavorites(items) {
            _favorites = items;
            var minifiedItems = items.map(function (d) { return d.minified(); });
            corePreferences('preset_favorites', JSON.stringify(minifiedItems));

            // call update
            dispatch$1.call('favoritePreset');
          }

          _this.addFavorite = function (preset, besidePreset, after) {
              var favorites = _this.getFavorites();

              var beforeItem = _this.favoriteMatching(besidePreset);
              var toIndex = favorites.indexOf(beforeItem);
              if (after) { toIndex += 1; }

              var newItem = RibbonItem(preset, 'favorite');
              favorites.splice(toIndex, 0, newItem);
              setFavorites(favorites);
          };

          _this.toggleFavorite = function (preset) {
            var favs = _this.getFavorites();
            var favorite = _this.favoriteMatching(preset);
            if (favorite) {
              favs.splice(favs.indexOf(favorite), 1);
            } else {
              // only allow 10 favorites
              if (favs.length === 10) {
                  // remove the last favorite (last in, first out)
                  favs.pop();
              }
              // append array
              favs.push(RibbonItem(preset, 'favorite'));
            }
            setFavorites(favs);
          };


          _this.removeFavorite = function (preset) {
            var item = _this.favoriteMatching(preset);
            if (item) {
              var items = _this.getFavorites();
              items.splice(items.indexOf(item), 1);
              setFavorites(items);
            }
          };


          _this.getFavorites = function () {
            if (!_favorites) {

              // fetch from local storage
              var rawFavorites = JSON.parse(corePreferences('preset_favorites'));

              if (!rawFavorites) {
                rawFavorites = [];
                corePreferences('preset_favorites', JSON.stringify(rawFavorites));
              }

              _favorites = rawFavorites.reduce(function (output, d) {
                var item = ribbonItemForMinified(d, 'favorite');
                if (item && item.preset.addable()) { output.push(item); }
                return output;
              }, []);
            }
            return _favorites;
          };


          _this.favoriteMatching = function (preset) {
            var favs = _this.getFavorites();
            for (var index in favs) {
              if (favs[index].matches(preset)) {
                return favs[index];
              }
            }
            return null;
          };


          return utilRebind(_this, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function utilTagText(entity) {
            var obj = (entity && entity.tags) || {};
            return Object.keys(obj)
                .map(function(k) { return k + '=' + obj[k]; })
                .join(', ');
        }


        function utilTotalExtent(array, graph) {
            var extent = geoExtent();
            var val, entity;
            for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
                val = array[i];
                entity = typeof val === 'string' ? graph.hasEntity(val) : val;
                if (entity) {
                    extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
                }
            }
            return extent;
        }


        function utilTagDiff(oldTags, newTags) {
            var tagDiff = [];
            var keys = utilArrayUnion(Object.keys(oldTags), Object.keys(newTags)).sort();
            keys.forEach(function(k) {
                var oldVal = oldTags[k];
                var newVal = newTags[k];

                if ((oldVal || oldVal === '') && (newVal === undefined || newVal !== oldVal)) {
                    tagDiff.push({
                        type: '-',
                        key: k,
                        oldVal: oldVal,
                        newVal: newVal,
                        display: '- ' + k + '=' + oldVal
                    });
                }
                if ((newVal || newVal === '') && (oldVal === undefined || newVal !== oldVal)) {
                    tagDiff.push({
                        type: '+',
                        key: k,
                        oldVal: oldVal,
                        newVal: newVal,
                        display: '+ ' + k + '=' + newVal
                    });
                }
            });
            return tagDiff;
        }


        function utilEntitySelector(ids) {
            return ids.length ? '.' + ids.join(',.') : 'nothing';
        }


        // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
        //  - entityIDs passed in
        //  - shallow descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
        function utilEntityOrMemberSelector(ids, graph) {
            var seen = new Set(ids);
            ids.forEach(collectShallowDescendants);
            return utilEntitySelector(Array.from(seen));

            function collectShallowDescendants(id) {
                var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
                if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') { return; }

                entity.members
                    .map(function(member) { return member.id; })
                    .forEach(function(id) { seen.add(id); });
            }
        }


        // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
        //  - entityIDs passed in
        //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
        function utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(ids, graph) {
            return utilEntitySelector(utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(ids, graph));
        }


        // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
        //  - entityIDs passed in
        //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
        function utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(ids, graph) {
            var seen = new Set();
            ids.forEach(collectDeepDescendants);
            return Array.from(seen);

            function collectDeepDescendants(id) {
                if (seen.has(id)) { return; }
                seen.add(id);

                var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
                if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') { return; }

                entity.members
                    .map(function(member) { return member.id; })
                    .forEach(collectDeepDescendants);   // recurse
            }
        }

        // returns an selector to select entity ids for:
        //  - deep descendant entityIDs for any of those entities that are relations
        function utilDeepMemberSelector(ids, graph, skipMultipolgonMembers) {
            var idsSet = new Set(ids);
            var seen = new Set();
            var returners = new Set();
            ids.forEach(collectDeepDescendants);
            return utilEntitySelector(Array.from(returners));

            function collectDeepDescendants(id) {
                if (seen.has(id)) { return; }
                seen.add(id);

                if (!idsSet.has(id)) {
                    returners.add(id);
                }

                var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
                if (!entity || entity.type !== 'relation') { return; }
                if (skipMultipolgonMembers && entity.isMultipolygon()) { return; }
                entity.members
                    .map(function(member) { return member.id; })
                    .forEach(collectDeepDescendants);   // recurse
            }
        }


        // Adds or removes highlight styling for the specified entities
        function utilHighlightEntities(ids, highlighted, context) {
            context.surface()
                .selectAll(utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(ids, context.graph()))
                .classed('highlighted', highlighted);
        }


        // returns an Array that is the union of:
        //  - nodes for any nodeIDs passed in
        //  - child nodes of any wayIDs passed in
        //  - descendant member and child nodes of relationIDs passed in
        function utilGetAllNodes(ids, graph) {
            var seen = new Set();
            var nodes = new Set();

            ids.forEach(collectNodes);
            return Array.from(nodes);

            function collectNodes(id) {
                if (seen.has(id)) { return; }
                seen.add(id);

                var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
                if (!entity) { return; }

                if (entity.type === 'node') {
                    nodes.add(entity);
                } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
                    entity.nodes.forEach(collectNodes);
                } else {
                    entity.members
                        .map(function(member) { return member.id; })
                        .forEach(collectNodes);   // recurse
                }
            }
        }


        function utilDisplayName(entity) {
            var localizedNameKey = 'name:' + _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
            var name = entity.tags[localizedNameKey] || entity.tags.name || '';
            var network = entity.tags.cycle_network || entity.tags.network;

            if (!name && entity.tags.ref) {
                name = entity.tags.ref;
                if (network) {
                    name = network + ' ' + name;
                }
            }

            return name;
        }


        function utilDisplayNameForPath(entity) {
            var name = utilDisplayName(entity);
            var isFirefox = utilDetect().browser.toLowerCase().indexOf('firefox') > -1;

            if (!isFirefox && name && rtlRegex.test(name)) {
                name = fixRTLTextForSvg(name);
            }

            return name;
        }


        function utilDisplayType(id) {
            return {
                n: _t('inspector.node'),
                w: _t('inspector.way'),
                r: _t('inspector.relation')
            }[id.charAt(0)];
        }


        function utilDisplayLabel(entity, graph) {
            var displayName = utilDisplayName(entity);
            if (displayName) {
                // use the display name if there is one
                return displayName;
            }
            var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
            if (preset && preset.name()) {
                // use the preset name if there is a match
                return preset.name();
            }
            // fallback to the display type (node/way/relation)
            return utilDisplayType(entity.id);
        }


        function utilEntityRoot(entityType) {
            return {
                node: 'n',
                way: 'w',
                relation: 'r'
            }[entityType];
        }


        // Returns a single object containing the tags of all the given entities.
        // Example:
        // {
        //   highway: 'service',
        //   service: 'parking_aisle'
        // }
        //           +
        // {
        //   highway: 'service',
        //   service: 'driveway',
        //   width: '3'
        // }
        //           =
        // {
        //   highway: 'service',
        //   service: [ 'driveway', 'parking_aisle' ],
        //   width: [ '3', undefined ]
        // }
        function utilCombinedTags(entityIDs, graph) {

            var tags = {};
            var tagCounts = {};
            var allKeys = new Set();

            var entities = entityIDs.map(function(entityID) {
                return graph.hasEntity(entityID);
            }).filter(Boolean);

            // gather the aggregate keys
            entities.forEach(function(entity) {
                var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(Boolean);
                keys.forEach(function(key) {
                    allKeys.add(key);
                });
            });

            entities.forEach(function(entity) {

                allKeys.forEach(function(key) {

                    var value = entity.tags[key]; // purposely allow `undefined`

                    if (!tags.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                        // first value, set as raw
                        tags[key] = value;
                    } else {
                        if (!Array.isArray(tags[key])) {
                            if (tags[key] !== value) {
                                // first alternate value, replace single value with array
                                tags[key] = [tags[key], value];
                            }
                        } else { // type is array
                            if (tags[key].indexOf(value) === -1) {
                                // subsequent alternate value, add to array
                                tags[key].push(value);
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    var tagHash = key + '=' + value;
                    if (!tagCounts[tagHash]) { tagCounts[tagHash] = 0; }
                    tagCounts[tagHash] += 1;
                });
            });

            for (var key in tags) {
                if (!Array.isArray(tags[key])) { continue; }

                // sort values by frequency then alphabetically
                tags[key] = tags[key].sort(function(val1, val2) {
                    var key = key; // capture
                    var count2 = tagCounts[key + '=' + val2];
                    var count1 = tagCounts[key + '=' + val1];
                    if (count2 !== count1) {
                        return count2 - count1;
                    }
                    if (val2 && val1) {
                        return val1.localeCompare(val2);
                    }
                    return val1 ? 1 : -1;
                });
            }

            return tags;
        }


        function utilStringQs(str) {
            var i = 0;  // advance past any leading '?' or '#' characters
            while (i < str.length && (str[i] === '?' || str[i] === '#')) { i++; }
            str = str.slice(i);

            return str.split('&').reduce(function(obj, pair){
                var parts = pair.split('=');
                if (parts.length === 2) {
                    obj[parts[0]] = (null === parts[1]) ? '' : decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
                }
                return obj;
            }, {});
        }


        function utilQsString(obj, noencode) {
            // encode everything except special characters used in certain hash parameters:
            // "/" in map states, ":", ",", {" and "}" in background
            function softEncode(s) {
                return encodeURIComponent(s).replace(/(%2F|%3A|%2C|%7B|%7D)/g, decodeURIComponent);
            }

            return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function(key) {
                return encodeURIComponent(key) + '=' + (
                    noencode ? softEncode(obj[key]) : encodeURIComponent(obj[key]));
            }).join('&');
        }


        function utilPrefixDOMProperty(property) {
            var prefixes = ['webkit', 'ms', 'moz', 'o'];
            var i = -1;
            var n = prefixes.length;
            var s = document.body;

            if (property in s)
                { return property; }

            property = property.substr(0, 1).toUpperCase() + property.substr(1);

            while (++i < n) {
                if (prefixes[i] + property in s) {
                    return prefixes[i] + property;
                }
            }

            return false;
        }


        function utilPrefixCSSProperty(property) {
            var prefixes = ['webkit', 'ms', 'Moz', 'O'];
            var i = -1;
            var n = prefixes.length;
            var s = document.body.style;

            if (property.toLowerCase() in s) {
                return property.toLowerCase();
            }

            while (++i < n) {
                if (prefixes[i] + property in s) {
                    return '-' + prefixes[i].toLowerCase() + property.replace(/([A-Z])/g, '-$1').toLowerCase();
                }
            }

            return false;
        }


        var transformProperty;
        function utilSetTransform(el, x, y, scale) {
            var prop = transformProperty = transformProperty || utilPrefixCSSProperty('Transform');
            var translate = utilDetect().opera ? 'translate('   + x + 'px,' + y + 'px)'
                : 'translate3d(' + x + 'px,' + y + 'px,0)';
            return el.style(prop, translate + (scale ? ' scale(' + scale + ')' : ''));
        }


        // Calculates Levenshtein distance between two strings
        // see:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance
        // first converts the strings to lowercase and replaces diacritic marks with ascii equivalents.
        function utilEditDistance(a, b) {
            a = remove$1(a.toLowerCase());
            b = remove$1(b.toLowerCase());
            if (a.length === 0) { return b.length; }
            if (b.length === 0) { return a.length; }
            var matrix = [];
            for (var i = 0; i <= b.length; i++) { matrix[i] = [i]; }
            for (var j = 0; j <= a.length; j++) { matrix[0][j] = j; }
            for (i = 1; i <= b.length; i++) {
                for (j = 1; j <= a.length; j++) {
                    if (b.charAt(i-1) === a.charAt(j-1)) {
                        matrix[i][j] = matrix[i-1][j-1];
                    } else {
                        matrix[i][j] = Math.min(matrix[i-1][j-1] + 1, // substitution
                            Math.min(matrix[i][j-1] + 1, // insertion
                            matrix[i-1][j] + 1)); // deletion
                    }
                }
            }
            return matrix[b.length][a.length];
        }


        // a d3.mouse-alike which
        // 1. Only works on HTML elements, not SVG
        // 2. Does not cause style recalculation
        function utilFastMouse(container) {
            var rect = container.getBoundingClientRect();
            var rectLeft = rect.left;
            var rectTop = rect.top;
            var clientLeft = +container.clientLeft;
            var clientTop = +container.clientTop;
            return function(e) {
                return [
                    e.clientX - rectLeft - clientLeft,
                    e.clientY - rectTop - clientTop];
            };
        }


        function utilAsyncMap(inputs, func, callback) {
            var remaining = inputs.length;
            var results = [];
            var errors = [];

            inputs.forEach(function(d, i) {
                func(d, function done(err, data) {
                    errors[i] = err;
                    results[i] = data;
                    remaining--;
                    if (!remaining) { callback(errors, results); }
                });
            });
        }


        // wraps an index to an interval [0..length-1]
        function utilWrap(index, length) {
            if (index < 0) {
                index += Math.ceil(-index/length)*length;
            }
            return index % length;
        }


        /**
         * a replacement for functor
         *
         * @param {*} value any value
         * @returns {Function} a function that returns that value or the value if it's a function
         */
        function utilFunctor(value) {
            if (typeof value === 'function') { return value; }
            return function() {
                return value;
            };
        }


        function utilNoAuto(selection) {
            var isText = (selection.size() && selection.node().tagName.toLowerCase() === 'textarea');

            return selection
                // assign 'new-password' even for non-password fields to prevent browsers (Chrome) ignoring 'off'
                .attr('autocomplete', 'new-password')
                .attr('autocorrect', 'off')
                .attr('autocapitalize', 'off')
                .attr('spellcheck', isText ? 'true' : 'false');
        }


        // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/194846/is-there-any-kind-of-hash-code-function-in-javascript
        // https://werxltd.com/wp/2010/05/13/javascript-implementation-of-javas-string-hashcode-method/
        function utilHashcode(str) {
            var hash = 0;
            if (str.length === 0) {
                return hash;
            }
            for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
                var char = str.charCodeAt(i);
                hash = ((hash << 5) - hash) + char;
                hash = hash & hash; // Convert to 32bit integer
            }
            return hash;
        }

        // Returns version of `str` with all runs of special characters replaced by `_`;
        // suitable for HTML ids, classes, selectors, etc.
        function utilSafeClassName(str) {
            return str.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/g, '_');
        }

        // Returns string based on `val` that is highly unlikely to collide with an id
        // used previously or that's present elsewhere in the document. Useful for preventing
        // browser-provided autofills or when embedding iD on pages with unknown elements.
        function utilUniqueDomId(val) {
            return 'ideditor-' + utilSafeClassName(val.toString()) + '-' + new Date().getTime().toString();
        }

        // Returns the length of `str` in unicode characters. This can be less than
        // `String.length()` since a single unicode character can be composed of multiple
        // JavaScript UTF-16 code units.
        function utilUnicodeCharsCount(str) {
            // Native ES2015 implementations of `Array.from` split strings into unicode characters
            return Array.from(str).length;
        }

        // Returns a new string representing `str` cut from its start to `limit` length
        // in unicode characters. Note that this runs the risk of splitting graphemes.
        function utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(str, limit) {
            return Array.from(str).slice(0, limit).join('');
        }

        function osmEntity(attrs) {
            // For prototypal inheritance.
            if (this instanceof osmEntity) { return; }

            // Create the appropriate subtype.
            if (attrs && attrs.type) {
                return osmEntity[attrs.type].apply(this, arguments);
            } else if (attrs && attrs.id) {
                return osmEntity[osmEntity.id.type(attrs.id)].apply(this, arguments);
            }

            // Initialize a generic Entity (used only in tests).
            return (new osmEntity()).initialize(arguments);
        }


        osmEntity.id = function(type) {
            return osmEntity.id.fromOSM(type, osmEntity.id.next[type]--);
        };


        osmEntity.id.next = {
            changeset: -1, node: -1, way: -1, relation: -1
        };


        osmEntity.id.fromOSM = function(type, id) {
            return type[0] + id;
        };


        osmEntity.id.toOSM = function(id) {
            return id.slice(1);
        };


        osmEntity.id.type = function(id) {
            return { 'c': 'changeset', 'n': 'node', 'w': 'way', 'r': 'relation' }[id[0]];
        };


        // A function suitable for use as the second argument to d3.selection#data().
        osmEntity.key = function(entity) {
            return entity.id + 'v' + (entity.v || 0);
        };

        var _deprecatedTagValuesByKey;

        osmEntity.deprecatedTagValuesByKey = function(dataDeprecated) {
            if (!_deprecatedTagValuesByKey) {
                _deprecatedTagValuesByKey = {};
                dataDeprecated.forEach(function(d) {
                    var oldKeys = Object.keys(d.old);
                    if (oldKeys.length === 1) {
                        var oldKey = oldKeys[0];
                        var oldValue = d.old[oldKey];
                        if (oldValue !== '*') {
                            if (!_deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey]) {
                                _deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey] = [oldValue];
                            } else {
                                _deprecatedTagValuesByKey[oldKey].push(oldValue);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
            return _deprecatedTagValuesByKey;
        };


        osmEntity.prototype = {

            tags: {},


            initialize: function(sources) {
                for (var i = 0; i < sources.length; ++i) {
                    var source = sources[i];
                    for (var prop in source) {
                        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, prop)) {
                            if (source[prop] === undefined) {
                                delete this[prop];
                            } else {
                                this[prop] = source[prop];
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (!this.id && this.type) {
                    this.id = osmEntity.id(this.type);
                }
                if (!this.hasOwnProperty('visible')) {
                    this.visible = true;
                }

                return this;
            },


            copy: function(resolver, copies) {
                if (copies[this.id])
                    { return copies[this.id]; }

                var copy = osmEntity(this, { id: undefined, user: undefined, version: undefined });
                copies[this.id] = copy;

                return copy;
            },


            osmId: function() {
                return osmEntity.id.toOSM(this.id);
            },


            isNew: function() {
                return this.osmId() < 0;
            },


            update: function(attrs) {
                return osmEntity(this, attrs, { v: 1 + (this.v || 0) });
            },


            mergeTags: function(tags) {
                var merged = Object.assign({}, this.tags);   // shallow copy
                var changed = false;
                for (var k in tags) {
                    var t1 = merged[k];
                    var t2 = tags[k];
                    if (!t1) {
                        changed = true;
                        merged[k] = t2;
                    } else if (t1 !== t2) {
                        changed = true;
                        merged[k] = utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(
                            utilArrayUnion(t1.split(/;\s*/), t2.split(/;\s*/)).join(';'),
                            255 // avoid exceeding character limit; see also services/osm.js -> maxCharsForTagValue()
                        );
                    }
                }
                return changed ? this.update({ tags: merged }) : this;
            },


            intersects: function(extent, resolver) {
                return this.extent(resolver).intersects(extent);
            },


            hasNonGeometryTags: function() {
                return Object.keys(this.tags).some(function(k) { return k !== 'area'; });
            },

            hasParentRelations: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.parentRelations(this).length > 0;
            },

            hasInterestingTags: function() {
                return Object.keys(this.tags).some(osmIsInterestingTag);
            },

            hasWikidata: function() {
                return !!this.tags.wikidata || !!this.tags['brand:wikidata'];
            },

            isHighwayIntersection: function() {
                return false;
            },

            isDegenerate: function() {
                return true;
            },

            deprecatedTags: function(dataDeprecated) {
                var tags = this.tags;

                // if there are no tags, none can be deprecated
                if (Object.keys(tags).length === 0) { return []; }

                var deprecated = [];
                dataDeprecated.forEach(function(d) {
                    var oldKeys = Object.keys(d.old);
                    var matchesDeprecatedTags = oldKeys.every(function(oldKey) {
                        if (!tags[oldKey]) { return false; }
                        if (d.old[oldKey] === '*') { return true; }

                        var vals = tags[oldKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
                        if (vals.length === 0) {
                            return false;
                        } else if (vals.length > 1) {
                            return vals.indexOf(d.old[oldKey]) !== -1;
                        } else {
                            if (tags[oldKey] === d.old[oldKey]) {
                                if (d.replace && d.old[oldKey] === d.replace[oldKey]) {
                                    var replaceKeys = Object.keys(d.replace);
                                    return !replaceKeys.every(function(replaceKey) {
                                        return tags[replaceKey] === d.replace[replaceKey];
                                    });
                                } else {
                                    return true;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        return false;
                    });
                    if (matchesDeprecatedTags) {
                        deprecated.push(d);
                    }
                });

                return deprecated;
            }
        };

        function osmLanes(entity) {
            if (entity.type !== 'way') { return null; }
            if (!entity.tags.highway) { return null; }

            var tags = entity.tags;
            var isOneWay = entity.isOneWay();
            var laneCount = getLaneCount(tags, isOneWay);
            var maxspeed = parseMaxspeed(tags);

            var laneDirections = parseLaneDirections(tags, isOneWay, laneCount);
            var forward = laneDirections.forward;
            var backward = laneDirections.backward;
            var bothways = laneDirections.bothways;

            // parse the piped string 'x|y|z' format
            var turnLanes = {};
            turnLanes.unspecified = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes']);
            turnLanes.forward = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes:forward']);
            turnLanes.backward = parseTurnLanes(tags['turn:lanes:backward']);

            var maxspeedLanes = {};
            maxspeedLanes.unspecified = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes'], maxspeed);
            maxspeedLanes.forward = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes:forward'], maxspeed);
            maxspeedLanes.backward = parseMaxspeedLanes(tags['maxspeed:lanes:backward'], maxspeed);

            var psvLanes = {};
            psvLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes']);
            psvLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes:forward']);
            psvLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['psv:lanes:backward']);

            var busLanes = {};
            busLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes']);
            busLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes:forward']);
            busLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['bus:lanes:backward']);

            var taxiLanes = {};
            taxiLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes']);
            taxiLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes:forward']);
            taxiLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['taxi:lanes:backward']);

            var hovLanes = {};
            hovLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes']);
            hovLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes:forward']);
            hovLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hov:lanes:backward']);

            var hgvLanes = {};
            hgvLanes.unspecified = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes']);
            hgvLanes.forward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes:forward']);
            hgvLanes.backward = parseMiscLanes(tags['hgv:lanes:backward']);

            var bicyclewayLanes = {};
            bicyclewayLanes.unspecified = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes']);
            bicyclewayLanes.forward = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes:forward']);
            bicyclewayLanes.backward = parseBicycleWay(tags['bicycleway:lanes:backward']);

            var lanesObj = {
                forward: [],
                backward: [],
                unspecified: []
            };

            // map forward/backward/unspecified of each lane type to lanesObj
            mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, turnLanes, 'turnLane');
            mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, maxspeedLanes, 'maxspeed');
            mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, psvLanes, 'psv');
            mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, busLanes, 'bus');
            mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, taxiLanes, 'taxi');
            mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, hovLanes, 'hov');
            mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, hgvLanes, 'hgv');
            mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, bicyclewayLanes, 'bicycleway');

            return {
                metadata: {
                    count: laneCount,
                    oneway: isOneWay,
                    forward: forward,
                    backward: backward,
                    bothways: bothways,
                    turnLanes: turnLanes,
                    maxspeed: maxspeed,
                    maxspeedLanes: maxspeedLanes,
                    psvLanes: psvLanes,
                    busLanes: busLanes,
                    taxiLanes: taxiLanes,
                    hovLanes: hovLanes,
                    hgvLanes: hgvLanes,
                    bicyclewayLanes: bicyclewayLanes
                },
                lanes: lanesObj
            };
        }


        function getLaneCount(tags, isOneWay) {
            var count;
            if (tags.lanes) {
                count = parseInt(tags.lanes, 10);
                if (count > 0) {
                    return count;
                }
            }


            switch (tags.highway) {
                case 'trunk':
                case 'motorway':
                    count = isOneWay ? 2 : 4;
                    break;
                default:
                    count = isOneWay ? 1 : 2;
                    break;
            }

            return count;
        }


        function parseMaxspeed(tags) {
            var maxspeed = tags.maxspeed;
            if (!maxspeed) { return; }

            var maxspeedRegex = /^([0-9][\.0-9]+?)(?:[ ]?(?:km\/h|kmh|kph|mph|knots))?$/;
            if (!maxspeedRegex.test(maxspeed)) { return; }

            return parseInt(maxspeed, 10);
        }


        function parseLaneDirections(tags, isOneWay, laneCount) {
            var forward = parseInt(tags['lanes:forward'], 10);
            var backward = parseInt(tags['lanes:backward'], 10);
            var bothways = parseInt(tags['lanes:both_ways'], 10) > 0 ? 1 : 0;

            if (parseInt(tags.oneway, 10) === -1) {
                forward = 0;
                bothways = 0;
                backward = laneCount;
            }
            else if (isOneWay) {
                forward = laneCount;
                bothways = 0;
                backward = 0;
            }
            else if (isNaN(forward) && isNaN(backward)) {
                backward = Math.floor((laneCount - bothways) / 2);
                forward = laneCount - bothways - backward;
            }
            else if (isNaN(forward)) {
                if (backward > laneCount - bothways) {
                    backward = laneCount - bothways;
                }
                forward = laneCount - bothways - backward;
            }
            else if (isNaN(backward)) {
                if (forward > laneCount - bothways) {
                    forward = laneCount - bothways;
                }
                backward = laneCount - bothways - forward;
            }
            return {
                forward: forward,
                backward: backward,
                bothways: bothways
            };
        }


        function parseTurnLanes(tag){
            if (!tag) { return; }

            var validValues = [
                'left', 'slight_left', 'sharp_left', 'through', 'right', 'slight_right',
                'sharp_right', 'reverse', 'merge_to_left', 'merge_to_right', 'none'
            ];

            return tag.split('|')
                .map(function (s) {
                    if (s === '') { s = 'none'; }
                    return s.split(';')
                        .map(function (d) {
                            return validValues.indexOf(d) === -1 ? 'unknown': d;
                        });
                });
        }


        function parseMaxspeedLanes(tag, maxspeed) {
            if (!tag) { return; }

            return tag.split('|')
                .map(function (s) {
                    if (s === 'none') { return s; }
                    var m = parseInt(s, 10);
                    if (s === '' || m === maxspeed) { return null; }
                    return isNaN(m) ? 'unknown': m;
                });
        }


        function parseMiscLanes(tag) {
            if (!tag) { return; }

            var validValues = [
                'yes', 'no', 'designated'
            ];

            return tag.split('|')
                .map(function (s) {
                    if (s === '') { s = 'no'; }
                    return validValues.indexOf(s) === -1 ? 'unknown': s;
                });
        }


        function parseBicycleWay(tag) {
            if (!tag) { return; }

            var validValues = [
                'yes', 'no', 'designated', 'lane'
            ];

            return tag.split('|')
                .map(function (s) {
                    if (s === '') { s = 'no'; }
                    return validValues.indexOf(s) === -1 ? 'unknown': s;
                });
        }


        function mapToLanesObj(lanesObj, data, key) {
            if (data.forward) { data.forward.forEach(function(l, i) {
                if (!lanesObj.forward[i]) { lanesObj.forward[i] = {}; }
                lanesObj.forward[i][key] = l;
            }); }
            if (data.backward) { data.backward.forEach(function(l, i) {
                if (!lanesObj.backward[i]) { lanesObj.backward[i] = {}; }
                lanesObj.backward[i][key] = l;
            }); }
            if (data.unspecified) { data.unspecified.forEach(function(l, i) {
                if (!lanesObj.unspecified[i]) { lanesObj.unspecified[i] = {}; }
                lanesObj.unspecified[i][key] = l;
            }); }
        }

        function osmWay() {
            if (!(this instanceof osmWay)) {
                return (new osmWay()).initialize(arguments);
            } else if (arguments.length) {
                this.initialize(arguments);
            }
        }


        osmEntity.way = osmWay;

        osmWay.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);


        Object.assign(osmWay.prototype, {
            type: 'way',
            nodes: [],


            copy: function(resolver, copies) {
                if (copies[this.id]) { return copies[this.id]; }

                var copy = osmEntity.prototype.copy.call(this, resolver, copies);

                var nodes = this.nodes.map(function(id) {
                    return resolver.entity(id).copy(resolver, copies).id;
                });

                copy = copy.update({ nodes: nodes });
                copies[this.id] = copy;

                return copy;
            },


            extent: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'extent', function() {
                    var extent = geoExtent();
                    for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
                        var node = resolver.hasEntity(this.nodes[i]);
                        if (node) {
                            extent._extend(node.extent());
                        }
                    }
                    return extent;
                });
            },


            first: function() {
                return this.nodes[0];
            },


            last: function() {
                return this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1];
            },


            contains: function(node) {
                return this.nodes.indexOf(node) >= 0;
            },


            affix: function(node) {
                if (this.nodes[0] === node) { return 'prefix'; }
                if (this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1] === node) { return 'suffix'; }
            },


            layer: function() {
                // explicit layer tag, clamp between -10, 10..
                if (isFinite(this.tags.layer)) {
                    return Math.max(-10, Math.min(+(this.tags.layer), 10));
                }

                // implied layer tag..
                if (this.tags.covered === 'yes') { return -1; }
                if (this.tags.location === 'overground') { return 1; }
                if (this.tags.location === 'underground') { return -1; }
                if (this.tags.location === 'underwater') { return -10; }

                if (this.tags.power === 'line') { return 10; }
                if (this.tags.power === 'minor_line') { return 10; }
                if (this.tags.aerialway) { return 10; }
                if (this.tags.bridge) { return 1; }
                if (this.tags.cutting) { return -1; }
                if (this.tags.tunnel) { return -1; }
                if (this.tags.waterway) { return -1; }
                if (this.tags.man_made === 'pipeline') { return -10; }
                if (this.tags.boundary) { return -10; }
                return 0;
            },


            // the approximate width of the line based on its tags except its `width` tag
            impliedLineWidthMeters: function() {
                var averageWidths = {
                    highway: { // width is for single lane
                        motorway: 5, motorway_link: 5, trunk: 4.5, trunk_link: 4.5,
                        primary: 4, secondary: 4, tertiary: 4,
                        primary_link: 4, secondary_link: 4, tertiary_link: 4,
                        unclassified: 4, road: 4, living_street: 4, bus_guideway: 4, pedestrian: 4,
                        residential: 3.5, service: 3.5, track: 3, cycleway: 2.5,
                        bridleway: 2, corridor: 2, steps: 2, path: 1.5, footway: 1.5
                    },
                    railway: { // width includes ties and rail bed, not just track gauge
                        rail: 2.5, light_rail: 2.5, tram: 2.5, subway: 2.5,
                        monorail: 2.5, funicular: 2.5, disused: 2.5, preserved: 2.5,
                        miniature: 1.5, narrow_gauge: 1.5
                    },
                    waterway: {
                        river: 50, canal: 25, stream: 5, tidal_channel: 5, fish_pass: 2.5, drain: 2.5, ditch: 1.5
                    }
                };
                for (var key in averageWidths) {
                    if (this.tags[key] && averageWidths[key][this.tags[key]]) {
                        var width = averageWidths[key][this.tags[key]];
                        if (key === 'highway') {
                            var laneCount = this.tags.lanes && parseInt(this.tags.lanes, 10);
                            if (!laneCount) { laneCount = this.isOneWay() ? 1 : 2; }

                            return width * laneCount;
                        }
                        return width;
                    }
                }
                return null;
            },


            isOneWay: function() {
                // explicit oneway tag..
                var values = {
                    'yes': true,
                    '1': true,
                    '-1': true,
                    'reversible': true,
                    'alternating': true,
                    'no': false,
                    '0': false
                };
                if (values[this.tags.oneway] !== undefined) {
                    return values[this.tags.oneway];
                }

                // implied oneway tag..
                for (var key in this.tags) {
                    if (key in osmOneWayTags && (this.tags[key] in osmOneWayTags[key]))
                        { return true; }
                }
                return false;
            },

            // Some identifier for tag that implies that this way is "sided",
            // i.e. the right side is the 'inside' (e.g. the right side of a
            // natural=cliff is lower).
            sidednessIdentifier: function() {
                for (var key in this.tags) {
                    var value = this.tags[key];
                    if (key in osmRightSideIsInsideTags && (value in osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key])) {
                        if (osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key][value] === true) {
                            return key;
                        } else {
                            // if the map's value is something other than a
                            // literal true, we should use it so we can
                            // special case some keys (e.g. natural=coastline
                            // is handled differently to other naturals).
                            return osmRightSideIsInsideTags[key][value];
                        }
                    }
                }

                return null;
            },

            isSided: function() {
                if (this.tags.two_sided === 'yes') {
                    return false;
                }

                return this.sidednessIdentifier() !== null;
            },

            lanes: function() {
                return osmLanes(this);
            },


            isClosed: function() {
                return this.nodes.length > 1 && this.first() === this.last();
            },


            isConvex: function(resolver) {
                if (!this.isClosed() || this.isDegenerate()) { return null; }

                var nodes = utilArrayUniq(resolver.childNodes(this));
                var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
                var curr = 0;
                var prev = 0;

                for (var i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
                    var o = coords[(i+1) % coords.length];
                    var a = coords[i];
                    var b = coords[(i+2) % coords.length];
                    var res = geoVecCross(a, b, o);

                    curr = (res > 0) ? 1 : (res < 0) ? -1 : 0;
                    if (curr === 0) {
                        continue;
                    } else if (prev && curr !== prev) {
                        return false;
                    }
                    prev = curr;
                }
                return true;
            },

            // returns an object with the tag that implies this is an area, if any
            tagSuggestingArea: function() {
                return osmTagSuggestingArea(this.tags);
            },

            isArea: function() {
                if (this.tags.area === 'yes')
                    { return true; }
                if (!this.isClosed() || this.tags.area === 'no')
                    { return false; }
                return this.tagSuggestingArea() !== null;
            },


            isDegenerate: function() {
                return (new Set(this.nodes).size < (this.isArea() ? 3 : 2));
            },


            areAdjacent: function(n1, n2) {
                for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++) {
                    if (this.nodes[i] === n1) {
                        if (this.nodes[i - 1] === n2) { return true; }
                        if (this.nodes[i + 1] === n2) { return true; }
                    }
                }
                return false;
            },


            geometry: function(graph) {
                return graph.transient(this, 'geometry', function() {
                    return this.isArea() ? 'area' : 'line';
                });
            },


            // returns an array of objects representing the segments between the nodes in this way
            segments: function(graph) {

                function segmentExtent(graph) {
                    var n1 = graph.hasEntity(this.nodes[0]);
                    var n2 = graph.hasEntity(this.nodes[1]);
                    return n1 && n2 && geoExtent([
                        [
                            Math.min(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]),
                            Math.min(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])
                        ],
                        [
                            Math.max(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]),
                            Math.max(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])
                        ]
                    ]);
                }

                return graph.transient(this, 'segments', function() {
                    var segments = [];
                    for (var i = 0; i < this.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
                        segments.push({
                            id: this.id + '-' + i,
                            wayId: this.id,
                            index: i,
                            nodes: [this.nodes[i], this.nodes[i + 1]],
                            extent: segmentExtent
                        });
                    }
                    return segments;
                });
            },


            // If this way is not closed, append the beginning node to the end of the nodelist to close it.
            close: function() {
                if (this.isClosed() || !this.nodes.length) { return this; }

                var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
                nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
                nodes.push(nodes[0]);
                return this.update({ nodes: nodes });
            },


            // If this way is closed, remove any connector nodes from the end of the nodelist to unclose it.
            unclose: function() {
                if (!this.isClosed()) { return this; }

                var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
                var connector = this.first();
                var i = nodes.length - 1;

                // remove trailing connectors..
                while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
                    nodes.splice(i, 1);
                    i = nodes.length - 1;
                }

                nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);
                return this.update({ nodes: nodes });
            },


            // Adds a node (id) in front of the node which is currently at position index.
            // If index is undefined, the node will be added to the end of the way for linear ways,
            //   or just before the final connecting node for circular ways.
            // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
            // Circularity is always preserved when adding a node.
            addNode: function(id, index) {
                var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
                var isClosed = this.isClosed();
                var max = isClosed ? nodes.length - 1 : nodes.length;

                if (index === undefined) {
                    index = max;
                }

                if (index < 0 || index > max) {
                    throw new RangeError('index ' + index + ' out of range 0..' + max);
                }

                // If this is a closed way, remove all connector nodes except the first one
                // (there may be duplicates) and adjust index if necessary..
                if (isClosed) {
                    var connector = this.first();

                    // leading connectors..
                    var i = 1;
                    while (i < nodes.length && nodes.length > 2 && nodes[i] === connector) {
                        nodes.splice(i, 1);
                        if (index > i) { index--; }
                    }

                    // trailing connectors..
                    i = nodes.length - 1;
                    while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
                        nodes.splice(i, 1);
                        if (index > i) { index--; }
                        i = nodes.length - 1;
                    }
                }

                nodes.splice(index, 0, id);
                nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);

                // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
                if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
                    nodes.push(nodes[0]);
                }

                return this.update({ nodes: nodes });
            },


            // Replaces the node which is currently at position index with the given node (id).
            // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
            // Circularity is preserved when updating a node.
            updateNode: function(id, index) {
                var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
                var isClosed = this.isClosed();
                var max = nodes.length - 1;

                if (index === undefined || index < 0 || index > max) {
                    throw new RangeError('index ' + index + ' out of range 0..' + max);
                }

                // If this is a closed way, remove all connector nodes except the first one
                // (there may be duplicates) and adjust index if necessary..
                if (isClosed) {
                    var connector = this.first();

                    // leading connectors..
                    var i = 1;
                    while (i < nodes.length && nodes.length > 2 && nodes[i] === connector) {
                        nodes.splice(i, 1);
                        if (index > i) { index--; }
                    }

                    // trailing connectors..
                    i = nodes.length - 1;
                    while (i > 0 && nodes.length > 1 && nodes[i] === connector) {
                        nodes.splice(i, 1);
                        if (index === i) { index = 0; }  // update leading connector instead
                        i = nodes.length - 1;
                    }
                }

                nodes.splice(index, 1, id);
                nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);

                // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
                if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
                    nodes.push(nodes[0]);
                }

                return this.update({nodes: nodes});
            },


            // Replaces each occurrence of node id needle with replacement.
            // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
            // Circularity is preserved.
            replaceNode: function(needleID, replacementID) {
                var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
                var isClosed = this.isClosed();

                for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
                    if (nodes[i] === needleID) {
                        nodes[i] = replacementID;
                    }
                }

                nodes = nodes.filter(noRepeatNodes);

                // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
                if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
                    nodes.push(nodes[0]);
                }

                return this.update({nodes: nodes});
            },


            // Removes each occurrence of node id.
            // Consecutive duplicates are eliminated including existing ones.
            // Circularity is preserved.
            removeNode: function(id) {
                var nodes = this.nodes.slice();
                var isClosed = this.isClosed();

                nodes = nodes
                    .filter(function(node) { return node !== id; })
                    .filter(noRepeatNodes);

                // If the way was closed before, append a connector node to keep it closed..
                if (isClosed && (nodes.length === 1 || nodes[0] !== nodes[nodes.length - 1])) {
                    nodes.push(nodes[0]);
                }

                return this.update({nodes: nodes});
            },


            asJXON: function(changeset_id) {
                var r = {
                    way: {
                        '@id': this.osmId(),
                        '@version': this.version || 0,
                        nd: this.nodes.map(function(id) {
                            return { keyAttributes: { ref: osmEntity.id.toOSM(id) } };
                        }, this),
                        tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function(k) {
                            return { keyAttributes: { k: k, v: this.tags[k] } };
                        }, this)
                    }
                };
                if (changeset_id) {
                    r.way['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
                }
                return r;
            },


            asGeoJSON: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'GeoJSON', function() {
                    var coordinates = resolver.childNodes(this)
                        .map(function(n) { return n.loc; });

                    if (this.isArea() && this.isClosed()) {
                        return {
                            type: 'Polygon',
                            coordinates: [coordinates]
                        };
                    } else {
                        return {
                            type: 'LineString',
                            coordinates: coordinates
                        };
                    }
                });
            },


            area: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'area', function() {
                    var nodes = resolver.childNodes(this);

                    var json = {
                        type: 'Polygon',
                        coordinates: [ nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; }) ]
                    };

                    if (!this.isClosed() && nodes.length) {
                        json.coordinates[0].push(nodes[0].loc);
                    }

                    var area = d3_geoArea(json);

                    // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
                    // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
                    if (area > 2 * Math.PI) {
                        json.coordinates[0] = json.coordinates[0].reverse();
                        area = d3_geoArea(json);
                    }

                    return isNaN(area) ? 0 : area;
                });
            }
        });


        // Filter function to eliminate consecutive duplicates.
        function noRepeatNodes(node, i, arr) {
            return i === 0 || node !== arr[i - 1];
        }

        // "Old" multipolyons, previously known as "simple" multipolygons, are as follows:
        //
        // 1. Relation tagged with `type=multipolygon` and no interesting tags.
        // 2. One and only one member with the `outer` role. Must be a way with interesting tags.
        // 3. No members without a role.
        //
        // Old multipolygons are no longer recommended but are still rendered as areas by iD.

        function osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph) {
            if (entity.type !== 'relation' ||
                !entity.isMultipolygon()
                || Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1) {
                return false;
            }

            var outerMember;
            for (var memberIndex in entity.members) {
                var member = entity.members[memberIndex];
                if (!member.role || member.role === 'outer') {
                    if (outerMember) { return false; }
                    if (member.type !== 'way') { return false; }
                    if (!graph.hasEntity(member.id)) { return false; }

                    outerMember = graph.entity(member.id);

                    if (Object.keys(outerMember.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length === 0) {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }

            return outerMember;
        }

        // For fixing up rendering of multipolygons with tags on the outer member.
        // https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/613
        function osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph) {
            if (entity.type !== 'way' || Object.keys(entity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length === 0)
                { return false; }

            var parents = graph.parentRelations(entity);
            if (parents.length !== 1)
                { return false; }

            var parent = parents[0];
            if (!parent.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(parent.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1)
                { return false; }

            var members = parent.members, member;
            for (var i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
                member = members[i];
                if (member.id === entity.id && member.role && member.role !== 'outer')
                    { return false; } // Not outer member
                if (member.id !== entity.id && (!member.role || member.role === 'outer'))
                    { return false; } // Not a simple multipolygon
            }

            return parent;
        }


        function osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph) {
            if (entity.type !== 'way')
                { return false; }

            var parents = graph.parentRelations(entity);
            if (parents.length !== 1)
                { return false; }

            var parent = parents[0];
            if (!parent.isMultipolygon() || Object.keys(parent.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length > 1)
                { return false; }

            var members = parent.members, member, outerMember;
            for (var i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
                member = members[i];
                if (!member.role || member.role === 'outer') {
                    if (outerMember)
                        { return false; } // Not a simple multipolygon
                    outerMember = member;
                }
            }

            if (!outerMember)
                { return false; }

            var outerEntity = graph.hasEntity(outerMember.id);
            if (!outerEntity || !Object.keys(outerEntity.tags).filter(osmIsInterestingTag).length)
                { return false; }

            return outerEntity;
        }


        // Join `toJoin` array into sequences of connecting ways.

        // Segments which share identical start/end nodes will, as much as possible,
        // be connected with each other.
        //
        // The return value is a nested array. Each constituent array contains elements
        // of `toJoin` which have been determined to connect.
        //
        // Each consitituent array also has a `nodes` property whose value is an
        // ordered array of member nodes, with appropriate order reversal and
        // start/end coordinate de-duplication.
        //
        // Members of `toJoin` must have, at minimum, `type` and `id` properties.
        // Thus either an array of `osmWay`s or a relation member array may be used.
        //
        // If an member is an `osmWay`, its tags and childnodes may be reversed via
        // `actionReverse` in the output.
        //
        // The returned sequences array also has an `actions` array property, containing
        // any reversal actions that should be applied to the graph, should the calling
        // code attempt to actually join the given ways.
        //
        // Incomplete members (those for which `graph.hasEntity(element.id)` returns
        // false) and non-way members are ignored.
        //
        function osmJoinWays(toJoin, graph) {
            function resolve(member) {
                return graph.childNodes(graph.entity(member.id));
            }

            function reverse(item) {
                var action = actionReverse(item.id, { reverseOneway: true });
                sequences.actions.push(action);
                return (item instanceof osmWay) ? action(graph).entity(item.id) : item;
            }

            // make a copy containing only the items to join
            toJoin = toJoin.filter(function(member) {
                return member.type === 'way' && graph.hasEntity(member.id);
            });

            // Are the things we are joining relation members or `osmWays`?
            // If `osmWays`, skip the "prefer a forward path" code below (see #4872)
            var i;
            var joinAsMembers = true;
            for (i = 0; i < toJoin.length; i++) {
                if (toJoin[i] instanceof osmWay) {
                    joinAsMembers = false;
                    break;
                }
            }

            var sequences = [];
            sequences.actions = [];

            while (toJoin.length) {
                // start a new sequence
                var item = toJoin.shift();
                var currWays = [item];
                var currNodes = resolve(item).slice();
                var doneSequence = false;

                // add to it
                while (toJoin.length && !doneSequence) {
                    var start = currNodes[0];
                    var end = currNodes[currNodes.length - 1];
                    var fn = null;
                    var nodes = null;

                    // Find the next way/member to join.
                    for (i = 0; i < toJoin.length; i++) {
                        item = toJoin[i];
                        nodes = resolve(item);

                        // (for member ordering only, not way ordering - see #4872)
                        // Strongly prefer to generate a forward path that preserves the order
                        // of the members array. For multipolygons and most relations, member
                        // order does not matter - but for routes, it does. (see #4589)
                        // If we started this sequence backwards (i.e. next member way attaches to
                        // the start node and not the end node), reverse the initial way before continuing.
                        if (joinAsMembers && currWays.length === 1 && nodes[0] !== end && nodes[nodes.length - 1] !== end &&
                            (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === start || nodes[0] === start)
                        ) {
                            currWays[0] = reverse(currWays[0]);
                            currNodes.reverse();
                            start = currNodes[0];
                            end = currNodes[currNodes.length - 1];
                        }

                        if (nodes[0] === end) {
                            fn = currNodes.push;               // join to end
                            nodes = nodes.slice(1);
                            break;
                        } else if (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === end) {
                            fn = currNodes.push;               // join to end
                            nodes = nodes.slice(0, -1).reverse();
                            item = reverse(item);
                            break;
                        } else if (nodes[nodes.length - 1] === start) {
                            fn = currNodes.unshift;            // join to beginning
                            nodes = nodes.slice(0, -1);
                            break;
                        } else if (nodes[0] === start) {
                            fn = currNodes.unshift;            // join to beginning
                            nodes = nodes.slice(1).reverse();
                            item = reverse(item);
                            break;
                        } else {
                            fn = nodes = null;
                        }
                    }

                    if (!nodes) {     // couldn't find a joinable way/member
                        doneSequence = true;
                        break;
                    }

                    fn.apply(currWays, [item]);
                    fn.apply(currNodes, nodes);

                    toJoin.splice(i, 1);
                }

                currWays.nodes = currNodes;
                sequences.push(currWays);
            }

            return sequences;
        }

        function actionAddMember(relationId, member, memberIndex, insertPair) {

            return function action(graph) {
                var relation = graph.entity(relationId);

                // There are some special rules for Public Transport v2 routes.
                var isPTv2 = /stop|platform/.test(member.role);

                if ((isNaN(memberIndex) || insertPair) && member.type === 'way' && !isPTv2) {
                    // Try to perform sensible inserts based on how the ways join together
                    graph = addWayMember(relation, graph);
                } else {
                    // see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Public_transport#Service_routes
                    // Stops and Platforms for PTv2 should be ordered first.
                    // hack: We do not currently have the ability to place them in the exactly correct order.
                    if (isPTv2 && isNaN(memberIndex)) {
                        memberIndex = 0;
                    }

                    graph = graph.replace(relation.addMember(member, memberIndex));
                }

                return graph;
            };


            // Add a way member into the relation "wherever it makes sense".
            // In this situation we were not supplied a memberIndex.
            function addWayMember(relation, graph) {
                var groups, tempWay, item, i, j, k;

                // remove PTv2 stops and platforms before doing anything.
                var PTv2members = [];
                var members = [];
                for (i = 0; i < relation.members.length; i++) {
                    var m = relation.members[i];
                    if (/stop|platform/.test(m.role)) {
                        PTv2members.push(m);
                    } else {
                        members.push(m);
                    }
                }
                relation = relation.update({ members: members });


                if (insertPair) {
                    // We're adding a member that must stay paired with an existing member.
                    // (This feature is used by `actionSplit`)
                    //
                    // This is tricky because the members may exist multiple times in the
                    // member list, and with different A-B/B-A ordering and different roles.
                    // (e.g. a bus route that loops out and back - #4589).
                    //
                    // Replace the existing member with a temporary way,
                    // so that `osmJoinWays` can treat the pair like a single way.
                    tempWay = osmWay({ id: 'wTemp', nodes: insertPair.nodes });
                    graph = graph.replace(tempWay);
                    var tempMember = { id: tempWay.id, type: 'way', role: member.role };
                    var tempRelation = relation.replaceMember({id: insertPair.originalID}, tempMember, true);
                    groups = utilArrayGroupBy(tempRelation.members, 'type');
                    groups.way = groups.way || [];

                } else {
                    // Add the member anywhere, one time. Just push and let `osmJoinWays` decide where to put it.
                    groups = utilArrayGroupBy(relation.members, 'type');
                    groups.way = groups.way || [];
                    groups.way.push(member);
                }

                members = withIndex(groups.way);
                var joined = osmJoinWays(members, graph);

                // `joined` might not contain all of the way members,
                // But will contain only the completed (downloaded) members
                for (i = 0; i < joined.length; i++) {
                    var segment = joined[i];
                    var nodes = segment.nodes.slice();
                    var startIndex = segment[0].index;

                    // j = array index in `members` where this segment starts
                    for (j = 0; j < members.length; j++) {
                        if (members[j].index === startIndex) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    // k = each member in segment
                    for (k = 0; k < segment.length; k++) {
                        item = segment[k];
                        var way = graph.entity(item.id);

                        // If this is a paired item, generate members in correct order and role
                        if (tempWay && item.id === tempWay.id) {
                            if (nodes[0].id === insertPair.nodes[0]) {
                                item.pair = [
                                    { id: insertPair.originalID, type: 'way', role: item.role },
                                    { id: insertPair.insertedID, type: 'way', role: item.role }
                                ];
                            } else {
                                item.pair = [
                                    { id: insertPair.insertedID, type: 'way', role: item.role },
                                    { id: insertPair.originalID, type: 'way', role: item.role }
                                ];
                            }
                        }

                        // reorder `members` if necessary
                        if (k > 0) {
                            if (j+k >= members.length || item.index !== members[j+k].index) {
                                moveMember(members, item.index, j+k);
                            }
                        }

                        nodes.splice(0, way.nodes.length - 1);
                    }
                }

                if (tempWay) {
                    graph = graph.remove(tempWay);
                }

                // Final pass: skip dead items, split pairs, remove index properties
                var wayMembers = [];
                for (i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
                    item = members[i];
                    if (item.index === -1) { continue; }

                    if (item.pair) {
                        wayMembers.push(item.pair[0]);
                        wayMembers.push(item.pair[1]);
                    } else {
                        wayMembers.push(utilObjectOmit(item, ['index']));
                    }
                }

                // Put stops and platforms first, then nodes, ways, relations
                // This is recommended for Public Transport v2 routes:
                // see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Public_transport#Service_routes
                var newMembers = PTv2members.concat( (groups.node || []), wayMembers, (groups.relation || []) );

                return graph.replace(relation.update({ members: newMembers }));


                // `moveMember()` changes the `members` array in place by splicing
                // the item with `.index = findIndex` to where it belongs,
                // and marking the old position as "dead" with `.index = -1`
                //
                // j=5, k=0                jk
                // segment                 5 4 7 6
                // members       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9        keep 5 in j+k
                //
                // j=5, k=1                j k
                // segment                 5 4 7 6
                // members       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9        move 4 to j+k
                // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 6 7 8 9      moved
                //
                // j=5, k=2                j   k
                // segment                 5 4 7 6
                // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 6 7 8 9      move 7 to j+k
                // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 7 6 x 8 9    moved
                //
                // j=5, k=3                j     k
                // segment                 5 4 7 6
                // members       0 1 2 3 x 5 4 7 6 x 8 9    keep 6 in j+k
                //
                function moveMember(arr, findIndex, toIndex) {
                    for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
                        if (arr[i].index === findIndex) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    var item = Object.assign({}, arr[i]);   // shallow copy
                    arr[i].index = -1;   // mark as dead
                    item.index = toIndex;
                    arr.splice(toIndex, 0, item);
                }


                // This is the same as `Relation.indexedMembers`,
                // Except we don't want to index all the members, only the ways
                function withIndex(arr) {
                    var result = new Array(arr.length);
                    for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
                        result[i] = Object.assign({}, arr[i]);   // shallow copy
                        result[i].index = i;
                    }
                    return result;
                }
            }

        }

        function actionAddMidpoint(midpoint, node) {
            return function(graph) {
                graph = graph.replace(node.move(midpoint.loc));

                var parents = utilArrayIntersection(
                    graph.parentWays(graph.entity(midpoint.edge[0])),
                    graph.parentWays(graph.entity(midpoint.edge[1]))
                );

                parents.forEach(function(way) {
                    for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
                        if (geoEdgeEqual([way.nodes[i], way.nodes[i + 1]], midpoint.edge)) {
                            graph = graph.replace(graph.entity(way.id).addNode(node.id, i + 1));

                            // Add only one midpoint on doubled-back segments,
                            // turning them into self-intersections.
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                });

                return graph;
            };
        }

        // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/AddNodeToWayAction.as
        function actionAddVertex(wayId, nodeId, index) {
            return function(graph) {
                return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayId).addNode(nodeId, index));
            };
        }

        function actionChangeMember(relationId, member, memberIndex) {
            return function(graph) {
                return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).updateMember(member, memberIndex));
            };
        }

        function actionChangePreset(entityID, oldPreset, newPreset, skipFieldDefaults) {
            return function action(graph) {
                var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
                var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
                var tags = entity.tags;

                if (oldPreset) { tags = oldPreset.unsetTags(tags, geometry); }
                if (newPreset) { tags = newPreset.setTags(tags, geometry, skipFieldDefaults); }

                return graph.replace(entity.update({tags: tags}));
            };
        }

        function actionChangeTags(entityId, tags) {
            return function(graph) {
                var entity = graph.entity(entityId);
                return graph.replace(entity.update({tags: tags}));
            };
        }

        function osmNode() {
            if (!(this instanceof osmNode)) {
                return (new osmNode()).initialize(arguments);
            } else if (arguments.length) {
                this.initialize(arguments);
            }
        }

        osmEntity.node = osmNode;

        osmNode.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);

        Object.assign(osmNode.prototype, {
            type: 'node',
            loc: [9999, 9999],

            extent: function() {
                return new geoExtent(this.loc);
            },


            geometry: function(graph) {
                return graph.transient(this, 'geometry', function() {
                    return graph.isPoi(this) ? 'point' : 'vertex';
                });
            },


            move: function(loc) {
                return this.update({loc: loc});
            },


            isDegenerate: function() {
                return !(
                    Array.isArray(this.loc) && this.loc.length === 2 &&
                    this.loc[0] >= -180 && this.loc[0] <= 180 &&
                    this.loc[1] >= -90 && this.loc[1] <= 90
                );
            },


            // Inspect tags and geometry to determine which direction(s) this node/vertex points
            directions: function(resolver, projection) {
                var val;
                var i;

                // which tag to use?
                if (this.isHighwayIntersection(resolver) && (this.tags.stop || '').toLowerCase() === 'all') {
                    // all-way stop tag on a highway intersection
                    val = 'all';
                } else {
                    // generic direction tag
                    val = (this.tags.direction || '').toLowerCase();

                    // better suffix-style direction tag
                    var re = /:direction$/i;
                    var keys = Object.keys(this.tags);
                    for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
                        if (re.test(keys[i])) {
                            val = this.tags[keys[i]].toLowerCase();
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (val === '') { return []; }

                var cardinal = {
                    north: 0,               n: 0,
                    northnortheast: 22,     nne: 22,
                    northeast: 45,          ne: 45,
                    eastnortheast: 67,      ene: 67,
                    east: 90,               e: 90,
                    eastsoutheast: 112,     ese: 112,
                    southeast: 135,         se: 135,
                    southsoutheast: 157,    sse: 157,
                    south: 180,             s: 180,
                    southsouthwest: 202,    ssw: 202,
                    southwest: 225,         sw: 225,
                    westsouthwest: 247,     wsw: 247,
                    west: 270,              w: 270,
                    westnorthwest: 292,     wnw: 292,
                    northwest: 315,         nw: 315,
                    northnorthwest: 337,    nnw: 337
                };


                var values = val.split(';');
                var results = [];

                values.forEach(function(v) {
                    // swap cardinal for numeric directions
                    if (cardinal[v] !== undefined) {
                        v = cardinal[v];
                    }

                    // numeric direction - just add to results
                    if (v !== '' && !isNaN(+v)) {
                        results.push(+v);
                        return;
                    }

                    // string direction - inspect parent ways
                    var lookBackward =
                        (this.tags['traffic_sign:backward'] || v === 'backward' || v === 'both' || v === 'all');
                    var lookForward =
                        (this.tags['traffic_sign:forward'] || v === 'forward' || v === 'both' || v === 'all');

                    if (!lookForward && !lookBackward) { return; }

                    var nodeIds = {};
                    resolver.parentWays(this).forEach(function(parent) {
                        var nodes = parent.nodes;
                        for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
                            if (nodes[i] === this.id) {  // match current entity
                                if (lookForward && i > 0) {
                                    nodeIds[nodes[i - 1]] = true;  // look back to prev node
                                }
                                if (lookBackward && i < nodes.length - 1) {
                                    nodeIds[nodes[i + 1]] = true;  // look ahead to next node
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }, this);

                    Object.keys(nodeIds).forEach(function(nodeId) {
                        // +90 because geoAngle returns angle from X axis, not Y (north)
                        results.push(
                            (geoAngle(this, resolver.entity(nodeId), projection) * (180 / Math.PI)) + 90
                        );
                    }, this);

                }, this);

                return utilArrayUniq(results);
            },


            isEndpoint: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'isEndpoint', function() {
                    var id = this.id;
                    return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function(parent) {
                        return !parent.isClosed() && !!parent.affix(id);
                    }).length > 0;
                });
            },


            isConnected: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'isConnected', function() {
                    var parents = resolver.parentWays(this);

                    if (parents.length > 1) {
                        // vertex is connected to multiple parent ways
                        for (var i in parents) {
                            if (parents[i].geometry(resolver) === 'line' &&
                                parents[i].hasInterestingTags()) { return true; }
                        }
                    } else if (parents.length === 1) {
                        var way = parents[0];
                        var nodes = way.nodes.slice();
                        if (way.isClosed()) { nodes.pop(); }  // ignore connecting node if closed

                        // return true if vertex appears multiple times (way is self intersecting)
                        return nodes.indexOf(this.id) !== nodes.lastIndexOf(this.id);
                    }

                    return false;
                });
            },


            parentIntersectionWays: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'parentIntersectionWays', function() {
                    return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function(parent) {
                        return (parent.tags.highway ||
                            parent.tags.waterway ||
                            parent.tags.railway ||
                            parent.tags.aeroway) &&
                            parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
                    });
                });
            },


            isIntersection: function(resolver) {
                return this.parentIntersectionWays(resolver).length > 1;
            },


            isHighwayIntersection: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'isHighwayIntersection', function() {
                    return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function(parent) {
                        return parent.tags.highway && parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
                    }).length > 1;
                });
            },


            isOnAddressLine: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'isOnAddressLine', function() {
                    return resolver.parentWays(this).filter(function(parent) {
                        return parent.tags.hasOwnProperty('addr:interpolation') &&
                            parent.geometry(resolver) === 'line';
                    }).length > 0;
                });
            },


            asJXON: function(changeset_id) {
                var r = {
                    node: {
                        '@id': this.osmId(),
                        '@lon': this.loc[0],
                        '@lat': this.loc[1],
                        '@version': (this.version || 0),
                        tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function(k) {
                            return { keyAttributes: { k: k, v: this.tags[k] } };
                        }, this)
                    }
                };
                if (changeset_id) { r.node['@changeset'] = changeset_id; }
                return r;
            },


            asGeoJSON: function() {
                return {
                    type: 'Point',
                    coordinates: this.loc
                };
            }
        });

        function actionCircularize(wayId, projection, maxAngle) {
            maxAngle = (maxAngle || 20) * Math.PI / 180;


            var action = function(graph, t) {
                if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) { t = 1; }
                t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);

                var way = graph.entity(wayId);
                var origNodes = {};

                graph.childNodes(way).forEach(function(node) {
                    if (!origNodes[node.id]) { origNodes[node.id] = node; }
                });

                if (!way.isConvex(graph)) {
                    graph = action.makeConvex(graph);
                }

                var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
                var keyNodes = nodes.filter(function(n) { return graph.parentWays(n).length !== 1; });
                var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                var keyPoints = keyNodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                var centroid = (points.length === 2) ? geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5) : d3_polygonCentroid(points);
                var radius = d3_median(points, function(p) { return geoVecLength(centroid, p); });
                var sign = d3_polygonArea(points) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
                var ids, i, j, k;

                // we need at least two key nodes for the algorithm to work
                if (!keyNodes.length) {
                    keyNodes = [nodes[0]];
                    keyPoints = [points[0]];
                }

                if (keyNodes.length === 1) {
                    var index = nodes.indexOf(keyNodes[0]);
                    var oppositeIndex = Math.floor((index + nodes.length / 2) % nodes.length);

                    keyNodes.push(nodes[oppositeIndex]);
                    keyPoints.push(points[oppositeIndex]);
                }

                // key points and nodes are those connected to the ways,
                // they are projected onto the circle, in between nodes are moved
                // to constant intervals between key nodes, extra in between nodes are
                // added if necessary.
                for (i = 0; i < keyPoints.length; i++) {
                    var nextKeyNodeIndex = (i + 1) % keyNodes.length;
                    var startNode = keyNodes[i];
                    var endNode = keyNodes[nextKeyNodeIndex];
                    var startNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(startNode);
                    var endNodeIndex = nodes.indexOf(endNode);
                    var numberNewPoints = -1;
                    var indexRange = endNodeIndex - startNodeIndex;
                    var nearNodes = {};
                    var inBetweenNodes = [];
                    var startAngle, endAngle, totalAngle, eachAngle;
                    var angle, loc, node, origNode;

                    if (indexRange < 0) {
                        indexRange += nodes.length;
                    }

                    // position this key node
                    var distance = geoVecLength(centroid, keyPoints[i]) || 1e-4;
                    keyPoints[i] = [
                        centroid[0] + (keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]) / distance * radius,
                        centroid[1] + (keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1]) / distance * radius
                    ];
                    loc = projection.invert(keyPoints[i]);
                    node = keyNodes[i];
                    origNode = origNodes[node.id];
                    node = node.move(geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t));
                    graph = graph.replace(node);

                    // figure out the between delta angle we want to match to
                    startAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[i][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[i][0] - centroid[0]);
                    endAngle = Math.atan2(keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][1] - centroid[1], keyPoints[nextKeyNodeIndex][0] - centroid[0]);
                    totalAngle = endAngle - startAngle;

                    // detects looping around -pi/pi
                    if (totalAngle * sign > 0) {
                        totalAngle = -sign * (2 * Math.PI - Math.abs(totalAngle));
                    }

                    do {
                        numberNewPoints++;
                        eachAngle = totalAngle / (indexRange + numberNewPoints);
                    } while (Math.abs(eachAngle) > maxAngle);


                    // move existing nodes
                    for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
                        angle = startAngle + j * eachAngle;
                        loc = projection.invert([
                            centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius,
                            centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius
                        ]);

                        node = nodes[(j + startNodeIndex) % nodes.length];
                        origNode = origNodes[node.id];
                        nearNodes[node.id] = angle;

                        node = node.move(geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t));
                        graph = graph.replace(node);
                    }

                    // add new in between nodes if necessary
                    for (j = 0; j < numberNewPoints; j++) {
                        angle = startAngle + (indexRange + j) * eachAngle;
                        loc = projection.invert([
                            centroid[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius,
                            centroid[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius
                        ]);

                        // choose a nearnode to use as the original
                        var min = Infinity;
                        for (var nodeId in nearNodes) {
                            var nearAngle = nearNodes[nodeId];
                            var dist = Math.abs(nearAngle - angle);
                            if (dist < min) {
                                dist = min;
                                origNode = origNodes[nodeId];
                            }
                        }

                        node = osmNode({ loc: geoVecInterp(origNode.loc, loc, t) });
                        graph = graph.replace(node);

                        nodes.splice(endNodeIndex + j, 0, node);
                        inBetweenNodes.push(node.id);
                    }

                    // Check for other ways that share these keyNodes..
                    // If keyNodes are adjacent in both ways,
                    // we can add inBetweenNodes to that shared way too..
                    if (indexRange === 1 && inBetweenNodes.length) {
                        var startIndex1 = way.nodes.lastIndexOf(startNode.id);
                        var endIndex1 = way.nodes.lastIndexOf(endNode.id);
                        var wayDirection1 = (endIndex1 - startIndex1);
                        if (wayDirection1 < -1) { wayDirection1 = 1; }

                        var parentWays = graph.parentWays(keyNodes[i]);
                        for (j = 0; j < parentWays.length; j++) {
                            var sharedWay = parentWays[j];
                            if (sharedWay === way) { continue; }

                            if (sharedWay.areAdjacent(startNode.id, endNode.id)) {
                                var startIndex2 = sharedWay.nodes.lastIndexOf(startNode.id);
                                var endIndex2 = sharedWay.nodes.lastIndexOf(endNode.id);
                                var wayDirection2 = (endIndex2 - startIndex2);
                                var insertAt = endIndex2;
                                if (wayDirection2 < -1) { wayDirection2 = 1; }

                                if (wayDirection1 !== wayDirection2) {
                                    inBetweenNodes.reverse();
                                    insertAt = startIndex2;
                                }
                                for (k = 0; k < inBetweenNodes.length; k++) {
                                    sharedWay = sharedWay.addNode(inBetweenNodes[k], insertAt + k);
                                }
                                graph = graph.replace(sharedWay);
                            }
                        }
                    }

                }

                // update the way to have all the new nodes
                ids = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.id; });
                ids.push(ids[0]);

                way = way.update({nodes: ids});
                graph = graph.replace(way);

                return graph;
            };


            action.makeConvex = function(graph) {
                var way = graph.entity(wayId);
                var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
                var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                var sign = d3_polygonArea(points) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
                var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
                var i, j;

                // D3 convex hulls go counterclockwise..
                if (sign === -1) {
                    nodes.reverse();
                    points.reverse();
                }

                for (i = 0; i < hull.length - 1; i++) {
                    var startIndex = points.indexOf(hull[i]);
                    var endIndex = points.indexOf(hull[i+1]);
                    var indexRange = (endIndex - startIndex);

                    if (indexRange < 0) {
                        indexRange += nodes.length;
                    }

                    // move interior nodes to the surface of the convex hull..
                    for (j = 1; j < indexRange; j++) {
                        var point = geoVecInterp(hull[i], hull[i+1], j / indexRange);
                        var node = nodes[(j + startIndex) % nodes.length].move(projection.invert(point));
                        graph = graph.replace(node);
                    }
                }
                return graph;
            };


            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                if (!graph.entity(wayId).isClosed()) {
                    return 'not_closed';
                }

                //disable when already circular
                var way = graph.entity(wayId);
                var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
                var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                var hull = d3_polygonHull(points);
                var epsilonAngle =  Math.PI / 180;
                if (hull.length !== points.length || hull.length < 3){
                    return false;
                }
                var centroid = d3_polygonCentroid(points);
                var radius = geoVecLengthSquare(centroid, points[0]);

                // compare distances between centroid and points
                for (var i = 0; i<hull.length; i++){
                    var actualPoint = hull[i];
                    var actualDist = geoVecLengthSquare(actualPoint, centroid);
                    var diff = Math.abs(actualDist - radius);
                    //compare distances with epsilon-error (5%)
                    if (diff > 0.05*radius) {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                
                //check if central angles are smaller than maxAngle
                for (i = 0; i<hull.length; i++){
                    actualPoint = hull[i];
                    var nextPoint = hull[(i+1)%hull.length];
                    var startAngle = Math.atan2(actualPoint[1] - centroid[1], actualPoint[0] - centroid[0]);
                    var endAngle = Math.atan2(nextPoint[1] - centroid[1], nextPoint[0] - centroid[0]);
                    var angle = endAngle - startAngle;
                    if (angle < 0) {
                        angle = -angle;
                    }
                    if (angle > Math.PI){
                        angle = (2*Math.PI - angle);
                    }
         
                    if (angle > maxAngle + epsilonAngle) {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                return 'already_circular';
            };


            action.transitionable = true;


            return action;
        }

        // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/DeleteWayAction.as
        function actionDeleteWay(wayID) {

            function canDeleteNode(node, graph) {
                // don't delete nodes still attached to ways or relations
                if (graph.parentWays(node).length ||
                    graph.parentRelations(node).length) { return false; }

                var geometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(node.tags);
                // don't delete if this node can be a standalone point
                if (geometries.point) { return false; }
                // delete if this node only be a vertex
                if (geometries.vertex) { return true; }

                // iD doesn't know if this should be a point or vertex,
                // so only delete if there are no interesting tags
                return !node.hasInterestingTags();
            }


            var action = function(graph) {
                var way = graph.entity(wayID);

                graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function(parent) {
                    parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(wayID);
                    graph = graph.replace(parent);

                    if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
                        graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
                    }
                });

                (new Set(way.nodes)).forEach(function(nodeID) {
                    graph = graph.replace(way.removeNode(nodeID));

                    var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
                    if (canDeleteNode(node, graph)) {
                        graph = graph.remove(node);
                    }
                });

                return graph.remove(way);
            };


            return action;
        }

        function actionDeleteMultiple(ids) {
            var actions = {
                way: actionDeleteWay,
                node: actionDeleteNode,
                relation: actionDeleteRelation
            };


            var action = function(graph) {
                ids.forEach(function(id) {
                    if (graph.hasEntity(id)) { // It may have been deleted already.
                        graph = actions[graph.entity(id).type](id)(graph);
                    }
                });

                return graph;
            };


            return action;
        }

        // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/DeleteRelationAction.as
        function actionDeleteRelation(relationID, allowUntaggedMembers) {

            function canDeleteEntity(entity, graph) {
                return !graph.parentWays(entity).length &&
                    !graph.parentRelations(entity).length &&
                    (!entity.hasInterestingTags() && !allowUntaggedMembers);
            }


            var action = function(graph) {
                var relation = graph.entity(relationID);

                graph.parentRelations(relation)
                    .forEach(function(parent) {
                        parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(relationID);
                        graph = graph.replace(parent);

                        if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
                            graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
                        }
                    });

                var memberIDs = utilArrayUniq(relation.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }));
                memberIDs.forEach(function(memberID) {
                    graph = graph.replace(relation.removeMembersWithID(memberID));

                    var entity = graph.entity(memberID);
                    if (canDeleteEntity(entity, graph)) {
                        graph = actionDeleteMultiple([memberID])(graph);
                    }
                });

                return graph.remove(relation);
            };


            return action;
        }

        // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/DeleteNodeAction.as
        function actionDeleteNode(nodeId) {
            var action = function(graph) {
                var node = graph.entity(nodeId);

                graph.parentWays(node)
                    .forEach(function(parent) {
                        parent = parent.removeNode(nodeId);
                        graph = graph.replace(parent);

                        if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
                            graph = actionDeleteWay(parent.id)(graph);
                        }
                    });

                graph.parentRelations(node)
                    .forEach(function(parent) {
                        parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(nodeId);
                        graph = graph.replace(parent);

                        if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
                            graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
                        }
                    });

                return graph.remove(node);
            };


            return action;
        }

        // Connect the ways at the given nodes.
        //
        // First choose a node to be the survivor, with preference given
        // to an existing (not new) node.
        //
        // Tags and relation memberships of of non-surviving nodes are merged
        // to the survivor.
        //
        // This is the inverse of `iD.actionDisconnect`.
        //
        // Reference:
        //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MergeNodesAction.as
        //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/MergeNodesAction.java
        //
        function actionConnect(nodeIDs) {
            var action = function(graph) {
                var survivor;
                var node;
                var parents;
                var i, j;

                // Choose a survivor node, prefer an existing (not new) node - #4974
                for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
                    survivor = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
                    if (survivor.version) { break; }  // found one
                }

                // Replace all non-surviving nodes with the survivor and merge tags.
                for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
                    node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
                    if (node.id === survivor.id) { continue; }

                    parents = graph.parentWays(node);
                    for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
                        graph = graph.replace(parents[j].replaceNode(node.id, survivor.id));
                    }

                    parents = graph.parentRelations(node);
                    for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
                        graph = graph.replace(parents[j].replaceMember(node, survivor));
                    }

                    survivor = survivor.mergeTags(node.tags);
                    graph = actionDeleteNode(node.id)(graph);
                }

                graph = graph.replace(survivor);

                // find and delete any degenerate ways created by connecting adjacent vertices
                parents = graph.parentWays(survivor);
                for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
                    if (parents[i].isDegenerate()) {
                        graph = actionDeleteWay(parents[i].id)(graph);
                    }
                }

                return graph;
            };


            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                var seen = {};
                var restrictionIDs = [];
                var survivor;
                var node, way;
                var relations, relation, role;
                var i, j, k;

                // Choose a survivor node, prefer an existing (not new) node - #4974
                for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
                    survivor = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
                    if (survivor.version) { break; }  // found one
                }

                // 1. disable if the nodes being connected have conflicting relation roles
                for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
                    node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
                    relations = graph.parentRelations(node);

                    for (j = 0; j < relations.length; j++) {
                        relation = relations[j];
                        role = relation.memberById(node.id).role || '';

                        // if this node is a via node in a restriction, remember for later
                        if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
                            restrictionIDs.push(relation.id);
                        }

                        if (seen[relation.id] !== undefined && seen[relation.id] !== role) {
                            return 'relation';
                        } else {
                            seen[relation.id] = role;
                        }
                    }
                }

                // gather restrictions for parent ways
                for (i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
                    node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);

                    var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
                    for (j = 0; j < parents.length; j++) {
                        var parent = parents[j];
                        relations = graph.parentRelations(parent);

                        for (k = 0; k < relations.length; k++) {
                            relation = relations[k];
                            if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
                                restrictionIDs.push(relation.id);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }


                // test restrictions
                restrictionIDs = utilArrayUniq(restrictionIDs);
                for (i = 0; i < restrictionIDs.length; i++) {
                    relation = graph.entity(restrictionIDs[i]);
                    if (!relation.isComplete(graph)) { continue; }

                    var memberWays = relation.members
                        .filter(function(m) { return m.type === 'way'; })
                        .map(function(m) { return graph.entity(m.id); });

                    memberWays = utilArrayUniq(memberWays);
                    var f = relation.memberByRole('from');
                    var t = relation.memberByRole('to');
                    var isUturn = (f.id === t.id);

                    // 2a. disable if connection would damage a restriction
                    // (a key node is a node at the junction of ways)
                    var nodes = { from: [], via: [], to: [], keyfrom: [], keyto: [] };
                    for (j = 0; j < relation.members.length; j++) {
                        collectNodes(relation.members[j], nodes);
                    }

                    nodes.keyfrom = utilArrayUniq(nodes.keyfrom.filter(hasDuplicates));
                    nodes.keyto = utilArrayUniq(nodes.keyto.filter(hasDuplicates));

                    var filter = keyNodeFilter(nodes.keyfrom, nodes.keyto);
                    nodes.from = nodes.from.filter(filter);
                    nodes.via = nodes.via.filter(filter);
                    nodes.to = nodes.to.filter(filter);

                    var connectFrom = false;
                    var connectVia = false;
                    var connectTo = false;
                    var connectKeyFrom = false;
                    var connectKeyTo = false;

                    for (j = 0; j < nodeIDs.length; j++) {
                        var n = nodeIDs[j];
                        if (nodes.from.indexOf(n) !== -1)    { connectFrom = true; }
                        if (nodes.via.indexOf(n) !== -1)     { connectVia = true; }
                        if (nodes.to.indexOf(n) !== -1)      { connectTo = true; }
                        if (nodes.keyfrom.indexOf(n) !== -1) { connectKeyFrom = true; }
                        if (nodes.keyto.indexOf(n) !== -1)   { connectKeyTo = true; }
                    }
                    if (connectFrom && connectTo && !isUturn) { return 'restriction'; }
                    if (connectFrom && connectVia) { return 'restriction'; }
                    if (connectTo   && connectVia) { return 'restriction'; }

                    // connecting to a key node -
                    // if both nodes are on a member way (i.e. part of the turn restriction),
                    // the connecting node must be adjacent to the key node.
                    if (connectKeyFrom || connectKeyTo) {
                        if (nodeIDs.length !== 2) { return 'restriction'; }

                        var n0 = null;
                        var n1 = null;
                        for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
                            way = memberWays[j];
                            if (way.contains(nodeIDs[0])) { n0 = nodeIDs[0]; }
                            if (way.contains(nodeIDs[1])) { n1 = nodeIDs[1]; }
                        }

                        if (n0 && n1) {    // both nodes are part of the restriction
                            var ok = false;
                            for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
                                way = memberWays[j];
                                if (way.areAdjacent(n0, n1)) {
                                    ok = true;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                            if (!ok) {
                                return 'restriction';
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    // 2b. disable if nodes being connected will destroy a member way in a restriction
                    // (to test, make a copy and try actually connecting the nodes)
                    for (j = 0; j < memberWays.length; j++) {
                        way = memberWays[j].update({});   // make copy
                        for (k = 0; k < nodeIDs.length; k++) {
                            if (nodeIDs[k] === survivor.id) { continue; }

                            if (way.areAdjacent(nodeIDs[k], survivor.id)) {
                                way = way.removeNode(nodeIDs[k]);
                            } else {
                                way = way.replaceNode(nodeIDs[k], survivor.id);
                            }
                        }
                        if (way.isDegenerate()) {
                            return 'restriction';
                        }
                    }
                }

                return false;


                // if a key node appears multiple times (indexOf !== lastIndexOf) it's a FROM-VIA or TO-VIA junction
                function hasDuplicates(n, i, arr) {
                    return arr.indexOf(n) !== arr.lastIndexOf(n);
                }

                function keyNodeFilter(froms, tos) {
                    return function(n) {
                        return froms.indexOf(n) === -1 && tos.indexOf(n) === -1;
                    };
                }

                function collectNodes(member, collection) {
                    var entity = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
                    if (!entity) { return; }

                    var role = member.role || '';
                    if (!collection[role]) {
                        collection[role] = [];
                    }

                    if (member.type === 'node') {
                        collection[role].push(member.id);
                        if (role === 'via') {
                            collection.keyfrom.push(member.id);
                            collection.keyto.push(member.id);
                        }

                    } else if (member.type === 'way') {
                        collection[role].push.apply(collection[role], entity.nodes);
                        if (role === 'from' || role === 'via') {
                            collection.keyfrom.push(entity.first());
                            collection.keyfrom.push(entity.last());
                        }
                        if (role === 'to' || role === 'via') {
                            collection.keyto.push(entity.first());
                            collection.keyto.push(entity.last());
                        }
                    }
                }
            };


            return action;
        }

        function actionCopyEntities(ids, fromGraph) {
            var _copies = {};


            var action = function(graph) {
                ids.forEach(function(id) {
                    fromGraph.entity(id).copy(fromGraph, _copies);
                });

                for (var id in _copies) {
                    graph = graph.replace(_copies[id]);
                }

                return graph;
            };


            action.copies = function() {
                return _copies;
            };


            return action;
        }

        function actionDeleteMember(relationId, memberIndex) {
            return function(graph) {
                var relation = graph.entity(relationId)
                    .removeMember(memberIndex);

                graph = graph.replace(relation);

                if (relation.isDegenerate())
                    { graph = actionDeleteRelation(relation.id)(graph); }

                return graph;
            };
        }

        function actionDiscardTags(difference, discardTags) {
          discardTags = discardTags || {};

          return function (graph) {
            difference.modified().forEach(checkTags);
            difference.created().forEach(checkTags);
            return graph;

            function checkTags(entity) {
              var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags);
              var didDiscard = false;
              var tags = {};

              for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
                var k = keys[i];
                if (discardTags[k] || !entity.tags[k]) {
                  didDiscard = true;
                } else {
                  tags[k] = entity.tags[k];
                }
              }
              if (didDiscard) {
                graph = graph.replace(entity.update({ tags: tags }));
              }
            }

          };
        }

        // Disconnect the ways at the given node.
        //
        // Optionally, disconnect only the given ways.
        //
        // For testing convenience, accepts an ID to assign to the (first) new node.
        // Normally, this will be undefined and the way will automatically
        // be assigned a new ID.
        //
        // This is the inverse of `iD.actionConnect`.
        //
        // Reference:
        //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/UnjoinNodeAction.as
        //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/UnGlueAction.java
        //
        function actionDisconnect(nodeId, newNodeId) {
            var wayIds;


            var action = function(graph) {
                var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
                var connections = action.connections(graph);

                connections.forEach(function(connection) {
                    var way = graph.entity(connection.wayID);
                    var newNode = osmNode({id: newNodeId, loc: node.loc, tags: node.tags});

                    graph = graph.replace(newNode);
                    if (connection.index === 0 && way.isArea()) {
                        // replace shared node with shared node..
                        graph = graph.replace(way.replaceNode(way.nodes[0], newNode.id));
                    } else if (way.isClosed() && connection.index === way.nodes.length - 1) {
                        // replace closing node with new new node..
                        graph = graph.replace(way.unclose().addNode(newNode.id));
                    } else {
                        // replace shared node with multiple new nodes..
                        graph = graph.replace(way.updateNode(newNode.id, connection.index));
                    }
                });

                return graph;
            };


            action.connections = function(graph) {
                var candidates = [];
                var keeping = false;
                var parentWays = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeId));
                var way, waynode;
                for (var i = 0; i < parentWays.length; i++) {
                    way = parentWays[i];
                    if (wayIds && wayIds.indexOf(way.id) === -1) {
                        keeping = true;
                        continue;
                    }
                    if (way.isArea() && (way.nodes[0] === nodeId)) {
                        candidates.push({ wayID: way.id, index: 0 });
                    } else {
                        for (var j = 0; j < way.nodes.length; j++) {
                            waynode = way.nodes[j];
                            if (waynode === nodeId) {
                                if (way.isClosed() &&
                                    parentWays.length > 1 &&
                                    wayIds &&
                                    wayIds.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 &&
                                    j === way.nodes.length - 1) {
                                    continue;
                                }
                                candidates.push({ wayID: way.id, index: j });
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                return keeping ? candidates : candidates.slice(1);
            };


            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                var connections = action.connections(graph);
                if (connections.length === 0)
                    { return 'not_connected'; }

                var parentWays = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeId));
                var seenRelationIds = {};
                var sharedRelation;

                parentWays.forEach(function(way) {
                    var relations = graph.parentRelations(way);
                    relations.forEach(function(relation) {
                        if (relation.id in seenRelationIds) {
                            if (wayIds) {
                                if (wayIds.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 ||
                                    wayIds.indexOf(seenRelationIds[relation.id]) !== -1) {
                                    sharedRelation = relation;
                                }
                            } else {
                                sharedRelation = relation;
                            }
                        } else {
                            seenRelationIds[relation.id] = way.id;
                        }
                    });
                });

                if (sharedRelation)
                    { return 'relation'; }
            };


            action.limitWays = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return wayIds; }
                wayIds = val;
                return action;
            };


            return action;
        }

        function actionExtract(entityID) {

            var extractedNodeID;

            var action = function(graph) {
                var entity = graph.entity(entityID);

                if (entity.type === 'node') {
                    return extractFromNode(entity, graph);
                }

                return extractFromWayOrRelation(entity, graph);
            };

            function extractFromNode(node, graph) {

                extractedNodeID = node.id;

                // Create a new node to replace the one we will detach
                var replacement = osmNode({ loc: node.loc });
                graph = graph.replace(replacement);

                // Process each way in turn, updating the graph as we go
                graph = graph.parentWays(node)
                    .reduce(function(accGraph, parentWay) {
                        return accGraph.replace(parentWay.replaceNode(entityID, replacement.id));
                    }, graph);

                // Process any relations too
                return graph.parentRelations(node)
                    .reduce(function(accGraph, parentRel) {
                        return accGraph.replace(parentRel.replaceMember(node, replacement));
                    }, graph);
            }

            function extractFromWayOrRelation(entity, graph) {

                var fromGeometry = entity.geometry(graph);

                var keysToCopyAndRetain = ['source', 'wheelchair'];
                var keysToRetain = ['area'];
                var buildingKeysToRetain = ['architect', 'building', 'height', 'layer'];

                var extractedLoc = d3_geoCentroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
                if (!extractedLoc  || !isFinite(extractedLoc[0]) || !isFinite(extractedLoc[1])) {
                    extractedLoc = entity.extent(graph).center();
                }

                var indoorAreaValues = {
                    area: true,
                    corridor: true,
                    elevator: true,
                    level: true,
                    room: true
                };

                var isBuilding = (entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no') ||
                    (entity.tags['building:part'] && entity.tags['building:part'] !== 'no');

                var isIndoorArea = fromGeometry === 'area' && entity.tags.indoor && indoorAreaValues[entity.tags.indoor];

                var entityTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
                var pointTags = {};
                for (var key in entityTags) {

                    if (entity.type === 'relation' &&
                        key === 'type') {
                        continue;
                    }

                    if (keysToRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    if (isBuilding) {
                        // don't transfer building-related tags
                        if (buildingKeysToRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1 ||
                            key.match(/^building:.{1,}/) ||
                            key.match(/^roof:.{1,}/)) { continue; }
                    }
                    // leave `indoor` tag on the area
                    if (isIndoorArea && key === 'indoor') {
                        continue;
                    }

                    // copy the tag from the entity to the point
                    pointTags[key] = entityTags[key];

                    // leave addresses and some other tags so they're on both features
                    if (keysToCopyAndRetain.indexOf(key) !== -1 ||
                        key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/)) {
                        continue;
                    } else if (isIndoorArea && key === 'level') {
                        // leave `level` on both features
                        continue;
                    }

                    // remove the tag from the entity
                    delete entityTags[key];
                }

                if (!isBuilding && !isIndoorArea && fromGeometry === 'area') {
                    // ensure that areas keep area geometry
                    entityTags.area = 'yes';
                }

                var replacement = osmNode({ loc: extractedLoc, tags: pointTags });
                graph = graph.replace(replacement);

                extractedNodeID = replacement.id;

                return graph.replace(entity.update({tags: entityTags}));
            }

            action.getExtractedNodeID = function() {
                return extractedNodeID;
            };

            return action;
        }

        // Join ways at the end node they share.
        //
        // This is the inverse of `iD.actionSplit`.
        //
        // Reference:
        //   https://github.com/systemed/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MergeWaysAction.as
        //   https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/actions/CombineWayAction.java
        //
        function actionJoin(ids) {

            function groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph) {
                var entities = ids.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
                return Object.assign(
                    { line: [] },
                    utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function(entity) { return entity.geometry(graph); })
                );
            }


            var action = function(graph) {
                var ways = ids.map(graph.entity, graph);
                var survivorID = ways[0].id;

                // if any of the ways are sided (e.g. coastline, cliff, kerb)
                // sort them first so they establish the overall order - #6033
                ways.sort(function(a, b) {
                    var aSided = a.isSided();
                    var bSided = b.isSided();
                    return (aSided && !bSided) ? -1
                        : (bSided && !aSided) ? 1
                        : 0;
                });

                // Prefer to keep an existing way.
                for (var i = 0; i < ways.length; i++) {
                    if (!ways[i].isNew()) {
                        survivorID = ways[i].id;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                var sequences = osmJoinWays(ways, graph);
                var joined = sequences[0];

                // We might need to reverse some of these ways before joining them.  #4688
                // `joined.actions` property will contain any actions we need to apply.
                graph = sequences.actions.reduce(function(g, action) { return action(g); }, graph);

                var survivor = graph.entity(survivorID);
                survivor = survivor.update({ nodes: joined.nodes.map(function(n) { return n.id; }) });
                graph = graph.replace(survivor);

                joined.forEach(function(way) {
                    if (way.id === survivorID) { return; }

                    graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function(parent) {
                        graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(way, survivor));
                    });

                    survivor = survivor.mergeTags(way.tags);

                    graph = graph.replace(survivor);
                    graph = actionDeleteWay(way.id)(graph);
                });

                // Finds if the join created a single-member multipolygon,
                // and if so turns it into a basic area instead
                function checkForSimpleMultipolygon() {
                    if (!survivor.isClosed()) { return; }

                    var multipolygons = graph.parentMultipolygons(survivor).filter(function(multipolygon) {
                        // find multipolygons where the survivor is the only member
                        return multipolygon.members.length === 1;
                    });

                    // skip if this is the single member of multiple multipolygons
                    if (multipolygons.length !== 1) { return; }

                    var multipolygon = multipolygons[0];

                    for (var key in survivor.tags) {
                        if (multipolygon.tags[key] &&
                            // don't collapse if tags cannot be cleanly merged
                            multipolygon.tags[key] !== survivor.tags[key]) { return; }
                    }

                    survivor = survivor.mergeTags(multipolygon.tags);
                    graph = graph.replace(survivor);
                    graph = actionDeleteRelation(multipolygon.id, true /* allow untagged members */)(graph);

                    var tags = Object.assign({}, survivor.tags);
                    if (survivor.geometry(graph) !== 'area') {
                        // ensure the feature persists as an area
                        tags.area = 'yes';
                    }
                    delete tags.type; // remove type=multipolygon
                    survivor = survivor.update({ tags: tags });
                    graph = graph.replace(survivor);
                }
                checkForSimpleMultipolygon();

                return graph;
            };

            // Returns the number of nodes the resultant way is expected to have
            action.resultingWayNodesLength = function(graph) {
                return ids.reduce(function(count, id) {
                    return count + graph.entity(id).nodes.length;
                }, 0) - ids.length - 1;
            };


            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
                if (ids.length < 2 || ids.length !== geometries.line.length) {
                    return 'not_eligible';
                }

                var joined = osmJoinWays(ids.map(graph.entity, graph), graph);
                if (joined.length > 1) {
                    return 'not_adjacent';
                }

                // Loop through all combinations of path-pairs
                // to check potential intersections between all pairs
                for (var i = 0; i < ids.length - 1; i++) {
                    for (var j = i + 1; j < ids.length; j++) {
                        var path1 = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(ids[i]))
                            .map(function(e) { return e.loc; });
                        var path2 = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(ids[j]))
                            .map(function(e) { return e.loc; });
                        var intersections = geoPathIntersections(path1, path2);

                        // Check if intersections are just nodes lying on top of
                        // each other/the line, as opposed to crossing it
                        var common = utilArrayIntersection(
                            joined[0].nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc.toString(); }),
                            intersections.map(function(n) { return n.toString(); })
                        );
                        if (common.length !== intersections.length) {
                            return 'paths_intersect';
                        }
                    }
                }

                var nodeIds = joined[0].nodes.map(function(n) { return n.id; }).slice(1, -1);
                var relation;
                var tags = {};
                var conflicting = false;

                joined[0].forEach(function(way) {
                    var parents = graph.parentRelations(way);
                    parents.forEach(function(parent) {
                        if (parent.isRestriction() && parent.members.some(function(m) { return nodeIds.indexOf(m.id) >= 0; })) {
                            relation = parent;
                        }
                    });

                    for (var k in way.tags) {
                        if (!(k in tags)) {
                            tags[k] = way.tags[k];
                        } else if (tags[k] && osmIsInterestingTag(k) && tags[k] !== way.tags[k]) {
                            conflicting = true;
                        }
                    }
                });

                if (relation) {
                    return 'restriction';
                }

                if (conflicting) {
                    return 'conflicting_tags';
                }
            };


            return action;
        }

        function actionMerge(ids) {

            function groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph) {
                var entities = ids.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
                return Object.assign(
                    { point: [], area: [], line: [], relation: [] },
                    utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function(entity) { return entity.geometry(graph); })
                );
            }


            var action = function(graph) {
                var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
                var target = geometries.area[0] || geometries.line[0];
                var points = geometries.point;

                points.forEach(function(point) {
                    target = target.mergeTags(point.tags);
                    graph = graph.replace(target);

                    graph.parentRelations(point).forEach(function(parent) {
                        graph = graph.replace(parent.replaceMember(point, target));
                    });

                    var nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(target));
                    var removeNode = point;

                    for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
                        var node = nodes[i];
                        if (graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 ||
                            graph.parentRelations(node).length ||
                            node.hasInterestingTags()) {
                            continue;
                        }

                        // Found an uninteresting child node on the target way.
                        // Move orig point into its place to preserve point's history. #3683
                        graph = graph.replace(point.update({ tags: {}, loc: node.loc }));
                        target = target.replaceNode(node.id, point.id);
                        graph = graph.replace(target);
                        removeNode = node;
                        break;
                    }

                    graph = graph.remove(removeNode);
                });

                if (target.tags.area === 'yes') {
                    var tags = Object.assign({}, target.tags); // shallow copy
                    delete tags.area;
                    if (osmTagSuggestingArea(tags)) {
                        // remove the `area` tag if area geometry is now implied - #3851
                        target = target.update({ tags: tags });
                        graph = graph.replace(target);
                    }
                }

                return graph;
            };


            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                var geometries = groupEntitiesByGeometry(graph);
                if (geometries.point.length === 0 ||
                    (geometries.area.length + geometries.line.length) !== 1 ||
                    geometries.relation.length !== 0) {
                    return 'not_eligible';
                }
            };


            return action;
        }

        // `actionMergeNodes` is just a combination of:
        //
        // 1. move all the nodes to a common location
        // 2. `actionConnect` them

        function actionMergeNodes(nodeIDs, loc) {

            // If there is a single "interesting" node, use that as the location.
            // Otherwise return the average location of all the nodes.
            function chooseLoc(graph) {
                if (!nodeIDs.length) { return null; }
                var sum = [0,0];
                var interestingCount = 0;
                var interestingLoc;

                for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
                    var node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
                    if (node.hasInterestingTags()) {
                        interestingLoc = (++interestingCount === 1) ? node.loc : null;
                    }
                    sum = geoVecAdd(sum, node.loc);
                }

                return interestingLoc || geoVecScale(sum, 1 / nodeIDs.length);
            }


            var action = function(graph) {
                if (nodeIDs.length < 2) { return graph; }
                var toLoc = loc;
                if (!toLoc) {
                    toLoc = chooseLoc(graph);
                }

                for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
                    var node = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
                    if (node.loc !== toLoc) {
                        graph = graph.replace(node.move(toLoc));
                    }
                }

                return actionConnect(nodeIDs)(graph);
            };


            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                if (nodeIDs.length < 2) { return 'not_eligible'; }

                for (var i = 0; i < nodeIDs.length; i++) {
                    var entity = graph.entity(nodeIDs[i]);
                    if (entity.type !== 'node') { return 'not_eligible'; }
                }

                return actionConnect(nodeIDs).disabled(graph);
            };

            return action;
        }

        function osmChangeset() {
            if (!(this instanceof osmChangeset)) {
                return (new osmChangeset()).initialize(arguments);
            } else if (arguments.length) {
                this.initialize(arguments);
            }
        }


        osmEntity.changeset = osmChangeset;

        osmChangeset.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);

        Object.assign(osmChangeset.prototype, {

            type: 'changeset',


            extent: function() {
                return new geoExtent();
            },


            geometry: function() {
                return 'changeset';
            },


            asJXON: function() {
                return {
                    osm: {
                        changeset: {
                            tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function(k) {
                                return { '@k': k, '@v': this.tags[k] };
                            }, this),
                            '@version': 0.6,
                            '@generator': 'iD'
                        }
                    }
                };
            },


            // Generate [osmChange](http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/OsmChange)
            // XML. Returns a string.
            osmChangeJXON: function(changes) {
                var changeset_id = this.id;

                function nest(x, order) {
                    var groups = {};
                    for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
                        var tagName = Object.keys(x[i])[0];
                        if (!groups[tagName]) { groups[tagName] = []; }
                        groups[tagName].push(x[i][tagName]);
                    }
                    var ordered = {};
                    order.forEach(function(o) {
                        if (groups[o]) { ordered[o] = groups[o]; }
                    });
                    return ordered;
                }


                // sort relations in a changeset by dependencies
                function sort(changes) {

                    // find a referenced relation in the current changeset
                    function resolve(item) {
                        return relations.find(function(relation) {
                            return item.keyAttributes.type === 'relation'
                                && item.keyAttributes.ref === relation['@id'];
                        });
                    }

                    // a new item is an item that has not been already processed
                    function isNew(item) {
                        return !sorted[ item['@id'] ] && !processing.find(function(proc) {
                            return proc['@id'] === item['@id'];
                        });
                    }

                    var processing = [];
                    var sorted = {};
                    var relations = changes.relation;

                    if (!relations) { return changes; }

                    for (var i = 0; i < relations.length; i++) {
                        var relation = relations[i];

                        // skip relation if already sorted
                        if (!sorted[relation['@id']]) {
                            processing.push(relation);
                        }

                        while (processing.length > 0) {
                            var next = processing[0],
                            deps = next.member.map(resolve).filter(Boolean).filter(isNew);
                            if (deps.length === 0) {
                                sorted[next['@id']] = next;
                                processing.shift();
                            } else {
                                processing = deps.concat(processing);
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    changes.relation = Object.values(sorted);
                    return changes;
                }

                function rep(entity) {
                    return entity.asJXON(changeset_id);
                }

                return {
                    osmChange: {
                        '@version': 0.6,
                        '@generator': 'iD',
                        'create': sort(nest(changes.created.map(rep), ['node', 'way', 'relation'])),
                        'modify': nest(changes.modified.map(rep), ['node', 'way', 'relation']),
                        'delete': Object.assign(nest(changes.deleted.map(rep), ['relation', 'way', 'node']), { '@if-unused': true })
                    }
                };
            },


            asGeoJSON: function() {
                return {};
            }

        });

        function osmNote() {
            if (!(this instanceof osmNote)) {
                return (new osmNote()).initialize(arguments);
            } else if (arguments.length) {
                this.initialize(arguments);
            }
        }


        osmNote.id = function() {
            return osmNote.id.next--;
        };


        osmNote.id.next = -1;


        Object.assign(osmNote.prototype, {

            type: 'note',

            initialize: function(sources) {
                for (var i = 0; i < sources.length; ++i) {
                    var source = sources[i];
                    for (var prop in source) {
                        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, prop)) {
                            if (source[prop] === undefined) {
                                delete this[prop];
                            } else {
                                this[prop] = source[prop];
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (!this.id) {
                    this.id = osmNote.id() + '';  // as string
                }

                return this;
            },

            extent: function() {
                return new geoExtent(this.loc);
            },

            update: function(attrs) {
                return osmNote(this, attrs); // {v: 1 + (this.v || 0)}
            },

            isNew: function() {
                return this.id < 0;
            },

            move: function(loc) {
                return this.update({ loc: loc });
            }

        });

        function osmRelation() {
            if (!(this instanceof osmRelation)) {
                return (new osmRelation()).initialize(arguments);
            } else if (arguments.length) {
                this.initialize(arguments);
            }
        }


        osmEntity.relation = osmRelation;

        osmRelation.prototype = Object.create(osmEntity.prototype);


        osmRelation.creationOrder = function(a, b) {
            var aId = parseInt(osmEntity.id.toOSM(a.id), 10);
            var bId = parseInt(osmEntity.id.toOSM(b.id), 10);

            if (aId < 0 || bId < 0) { return aId - bId; }
            return bId - aId;
        };


        Object.assign(osmRelation.prototype, {
            type: 'relation',
            members: [],


            copy: function(resolver, copies) {
                if (copies[this.id]) { return copies[this.id]; }

                var copy = osmEntity.prototype.copy.call(this, resolver, copies);

                var members = this.members.map(function(member) {
                    return Object.assign({}, member, { id: resolver.entity(member.id).copy(resolver, copies).id });
                });

                copy = copy.update({members: members});
                copies[this.id] = copy;

                return copy;
            },


            extent: function(resolver, memo) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'extent', function() {
                    if (memo && memo[this.id]) { return geoExtent(); }
                    memo = memo || {};
                    memo[this.id] = true;

                    var extent = geoExtent();
                    for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
                        var member = resolver.hasEntity(this.members[i].id);
                        if (member) {
                            extent._extend(member.extent(resolver, memo));
                        }
                    }
                    return extent;
                });
            },


            geometry: function(graph) {
                return graph.transient(this, 'geometry', function() {
                    return this.isMultipolygon() ? 'area' : 'relation';
                });
            },


            isDegenerate: function() {
                return this.members.length === 0;
            },


            // Return an array of members, each extended with an 'index' property whose value
            // is the member index.
            indexedMembers: function() {
                var result = new Array(this.members.length);
                for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
                    result[i] = Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {index: i});
                }
                return result;
            },


            // Return the first member with the given role. A copy of the member object
            // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
            memberByRole: function(role) {
                for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
                    if (this.members[i].role === role) {
                        return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {index: i});
                    }
                }
            },

            // Same as memberByRole, but returns all members with the given role
            membersByRole: function(role) {
                var result = [];
                for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
                    if (this.members[i].role === role) {
                        result.push(Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {index: i}));
                    }
                }
                return result;
            },

            // Return the first member with the given id. A copy of the member object
            // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
            memberById: function(id) {
                for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
                    if (this.members[i].id === id) {
                        return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {index: i});
                    }
                }
            },


            // Return the first member with the given id and role. A copy of the member object
            // is returned, extended with an 'index' property whose value is the member index.
            memberByIdAndRole: function(id, role) {
                for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
                    if (this.members[i].id === id && this.members[i].role === role) {
                        return Object.assign({}, this.members[i], {index: i});
                    }
                }
            },


            addMember: function(member, index) {
                var members = this.members.slice();
                members.splice(index === undefined ? members.length : index, 0, member);
                return this.update({members: members});
            },


            updateMember: function(member, index) {
                var members = this.members.slice();
                members.splice(index, 1, Object.assign({}, members[index], member));
                return this.update({members: members});
            },


            removeMember: function(index) {
                var members = this.members.slice();
                members.splice(index, 1);
                return this.update({members: members});
            },


            removeMembersWithID: function(id) {
                var members = this.members.filter(function(m) { return m.id !== id; });
                return this.update({members: members});
            },

            moveMember: function(fromIndex, toIndex) {
                var members = this.members.slice();
                members.splice(toIndex, 0, members.splice(fromIndex, 1)[0]);
                return this.update({members: members});
            },


            // Wherever a member appears with id `needle.id`, replace it with a member
            // with id `replacement.id`, type `replacement.type`, and the original role,
            // By default, adding a duplicate member (by id and role) is prevented.
            // Return an updated relation.
            replaceMember: function(needle, replacement, keepDuplicates) {
                if (!this.memberById(needle.id)) { return this; }

                var members = [];

                for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
                    var member = this.members[i];
                    if (member.id !== needle.id) {
                        members.push(member);
                    } else if (keepDuplicates || !this.memberByIdAndRole(replacement.id, member.role)) {
                        members.push({ id: replacement.id, type: replacement.type, role: member.role });
                    }
                }

                return this.update({ members: members });
            },


            asJXON: function(changeset_id) {
                var r = {
                    relation: {
                        '@id': this.osmId(),
                        '@version': this.version || 0,
                        member: this.members.map(function(member) {
                            return {
                                keyAttributes: {
                                    type: member.type,
                                    role: member.role,
                                    ref: osmEntity.id.toOSM(member.id)
                                }
                            };
                        }, this),
                        tag: Object.keys(this.tags).map(function(k) {
                            return { keyAttributes: { k: k, v: this.tags[k] } };
                        }, this)
                    }
                };
                if (changeset_id) {
                    r.relation['@changeset'] = changeset_id;
                }
                return r;
            },


            asGeoJSON: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'GeoJSON', function () {
                    if (this.isMultipolygon()) {
                        return {
                            type: 'MultiPolygon',
                            coordinates: this.multipolygon(resolver)
                        };
                    } else {
                        return {
                            type: 'FeatureCollection',
                            properties: this.tags,
                            features: this.members.map(function (member) {
                                return Object.assign({role: member.role}, resolver.entity(member.id).asGeoJSON(resolver));
                            })
                        };
                    }
                });
            },


            area: function(resolver) {
                return resolver.transient(this, 'area', function() {
                    return d3_geoArea(this.asGeoJSON(resolver));
                });
            },


            isMultipolygon: function() {
                return this.tags.type === 'multipolygon';
            },


            isComplete: function(resolver) {
                for (var i = 0; i < this.members.length; i++) {
                    if (!resolver.hasEntity(this.members[i].id)) {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                return true;
            },


            hasFromViaTo: function() {
                return (
                    this.members.some(function(m) { return m.role === 'from'; }) &&
                    this.members.some(function(m) { return m.role === 'via'; }) &&
                    this.members.some(function(m) { return m.role === 'to'; })
                );
            },


            isRestriction: function() {
                return !!(this.tags.type && this.tags.type.match(/^restriction:?/));
            },


            isValidRestriction: function() {
                if (!this.isRestriction()) { return false; }

                var froms = this.members.filter(function(m) { return m.role === 'from'; });
                var vias = this.members.filter(function(m) { return m.role === 'via'; });
                var tos = this.members.filter(function(m) { return m.role === 'to'; });

                if (froms.length !== 1 && this.tags.restriction !== 'no_entry') { return false; }
                if (froms.some(function(m) { return m.type !== 'way'; })) { return false; }

                if (tos.length !== 1 && this.tags.restriction !== 'no_exit') { return false; }
                if (tos.some(function(m) { return m.type !== 'way'; })) { return false; }

                if (vias.length === 0) { return false; }
                if (vias.length > 1 && vias.some(function(m) { return m.type !== 'way'; })) { return false; }

                return true;
            },


            // Returns an array [A0, ... An], each Ai being an array of node arrays [Nds0, ... Ndsm],
            // where Nds0 is an outer ring and subsequent Ndsi's (if any i > 0) being inner rings.
            //
            // This corresponds to the structure needed for rendering a multipolygon path using a
            // `evenodd` fill rule, as well as the structure of a GeoJSON MultiPolygon geometry.
            //
            // In the case of invalid geometries, this function will still return a result which
            // includes the nodes of all way members, but some Nds may be unclosed and some inner
            // rings not matched with the intended outer ring.
            //
            multipolygon: function(resolver) {
                var outers = this.members.filter(function(m) { return 'outer' === (m.role || 'outer'); });
                var inners = this.members.filter(function(m) { return 'inner' === m.role; });

                outers = osmJoinWays(outers, resolver);
                inners = osmJoinWays(inners, resolver);

                var sequenceToLineString = function(sequence) {
                    if (sequence.nodes.length > 2 &&
                        sequence.nodes[0] !== sequence.nodes[sequence.nodes.length - 1]) {
                        // close unclosed parts to ensure correct area rendering - #2945
                        sequence.nodes.push(sequence.nodes[0]);
                    }
                    return sequence.nodes.map(function(node) { return node.loc; });
                };

                outers = outers.map(sequenceToLineString);
                inners = inners.map(sequenceToLineString);

                var result = outers.map(function(o) {
                    // Heuristic for detecting counterclockwise winding order. Assumes
                    // that OpenStreetMap polygons are not hemisphere-spanning.
                    return [d3_geoArea({ type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [o] }) > 2 * Math.PI ? o.reverse() : o];
                });

                function findOuter(inner) {
                    var o, outer;

                    for (o = 0; o < outers.length; o++) {
                        outer = outers[o];
                        if (geoPolygonContainsPolygon(outer, inner))
                            { return o; }
                    }

                    for (o = 0; o < outers.length; o++) {
                        outer = outers[o];
                        if (geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(outer, inner, false))
                            { return o; }
                    }
                }

                for (var i = 0; i < inners.length; i++) {
                    var inner = inners[i];

                    if (d3_geoArea({ type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [inner] }) < 2 * Math.PI) {
                        inner = inner.reverse();
                    }

                    var o = findOuter(inners[i]);
                    if (o !== undefined) {
                        result[o].push(inners[i]);
                    } else {
                        result.push([inners[i]]); // Invalid geometry
                    }
                }

                return result;
            }
        });

        var QAItem = function QAItem(loc, service, itemType, id, props) {
          // Store required properties
          this.loc = loc;
          this.service = service.title;
          this.itemType = itemType;

          // All issues must have an ID for selection, use generic if none specified
          this.id = id ? id : ("" + (QAItem.id()));

          this.update(props);

          // Some QA services have marker icons to differentiate issues
          if (service && typeof service.getIcon === 'function') {
            this.icon = service.getIcon(itemType);
          }

          return this;
        };

        QAItem.prototype.update = function update (props) {
            var this$1 = this;

          // You can't override this initial information
          var ref = this;
            var loc = ref.loc;
            var service = ref.service;
            var itemType = ref.itemType;
            var id = ref.id;

          Object.keys(props).forEach(function (prop) { return this$1[prop] = props[prop]; });

          this.loc = loc;
          this.service = service;
          this.itemType = itemType;
          this.id = id;

          return this;
        };

        // Generic handling for newly created QAItems
        QAItem.id = function id () {
          return this.nextId--;
        };
        QAItem.nextId = -1;

        // Split a way at the given node.
        //
        // Optionally, split only the given ways, if multiple ways share
        // the given node.
        //
        // This is the inverse of `iD.actionJoin`.
        //
        // For testing convenience, accepts an ID to assign to the new way.
        // Normally, this will be undefined and the way will automatically
        // be assigned a new ID.
        //
        // Reference:
        //   https://github.com/systemed/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/SplitWayAction.as
        //
        function actionSplit(nodeId, newWayIds) {
            var _wayIDs;

            // The IDs of the ways actually created by running this action
            var createdWayIDs = [];

            // If the way is closed, we need to search for a partner node
            // to split the way at.
            //
            // The following looks for a node that is both far away from
            // the initial node in terms of way segment length and nearby
            // in terms of beeline-distance. This assures that areas get
            // split on the most "natural" points (independent of the number
            // of nodes).
            // For example: bone-shaped areas get split across their waist
            // line, circles across the diameter.
            function splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph) {
                var lengths = new Array(nodes.length);
                var length;
                var i;
                var best = 0;
                var idxB;

                function wrap(index) {
                    return utilWrap(index, nodes.length);
                }

                function dist(nA, nB) {
                    var locA = graph.entity(nA).loc;
                    var locB = graph.entity(nB).loc;
                    var epsilon = 1e-6;
                    return (locA && locB) ? geoSphericalDistance(locA, locB) : epsilon;
                }

                // calculate lengths
                length = 0;
                for (i = wrap(idxA + 1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i + 1)) {
                    length += dist(nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i - 1)]);
                    lengths[i] = length;
                }

                length = 0;
                for (i = wrap(idxA - 1); i !== idxA; i = wrap(i - 1)) {
                    length += dist(nodes[i], nodes[wrap(i + 1)]);
                    if (length < lengths[i]) {
                        lengths[i] = length;
                    }
                }

                // determine best opposite node to split
                for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
                    var cost = lengths[i] / dist(nodes[idxA], nodes[i]);
                    if (cost > best) {
                        idxB = i;
                        best = cost;
                    }
                }

                return idxB;
            }


            function split(graph, wayA, newWayId) {
                var wayB = osmWay({ id: newWayId, tags: wayA.tags });   // `wayB` is the NEW way
                var origNodes = wayA.nodes.slice();
                var nodesA;
                var nodesB;
                var isArea = wayA.isArea();
                var isOuter = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(wayA, graph);

                if (wayA.isClosed()) {
                    var nodes = wayA.nodes.slice(0, -1);
                    var idxA = nodes.indexOf(nodeId);
                    var idxB = splitArea(nodes, idxA, graph);

                    if (idxB < idxA) {
                        nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxB + 1));
                        nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB, idxA + 1);
                    } else {
                        nodesA = nodes.slice(idxA, idxB + 1);
                        nodesB = nodes.slice(idxB).concat(nodes.slice(0, idxA + 1));
                    }
                } else {
                    var idx = wayA.nodes.indexOf(nodeId, 1);
                    nodesA = wayA.nodes.slice(0, idx + 1);
                    nodesB = wayA.nodes.slice(idx);
                }

                wayA = wayA.update({ nodes: nodesA });
                wayB = wayB.update({ nodes: nodesB });

                graph = graph.replace(wayA);
                graph = graph.replace(wayB);

                graph.parentRelations(wayA).forEach(function(relation) {
                    var member;

                    // Turn restrictions - make sure:
                    // 1. Splitting a FROM/TO way - only `wayA` OR `wayB` remains in relation
                    //    (whichever one is connected to the VIA node/ways)
                    // 2. Splitting a VIA way - `wayB` remains in relation as a VIA way
                    if (relation.hasFromViaTo()) {
                        var f = relation.memberByRole('from');
                        var v = relation.membersByRole('via');
                        var t = relation.memberByRole('to');
                        var i;

                        // 1. split a FROM/TO
                        if (f.id === wayA.id || t.id === wayA.id) {
                            var keepB = false;
                            if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {   // check via node
                                keepB = wayB.contains(v[0].id);
                            } else {                                        // check via way(s)
                                for (i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
                                    if (v[i].type === 'way') {
                                        var wayVia = graph.hasEntity(v[i].id);
                                        if (wayVia && utilArrayIntersection(wayB.nodes, wayVia.nodes).length) {
                                            keepB = true;
                                            break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            }

                            if (keepB) {
                                relation = relation.replaceMember(wayA, wayB);
                                graph = graph.replace(relation);
                            }

                        // 2. split a VIA
                        } else {
                            for (i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
                                if (v[i].type === 'way' && v[i].id === wayA.id) {
                                    member = {
                                        id: wayB.id,
                                        type: 'way',
                                        role: 'via'
                                    };
                                    graph = actionAddMember(relation.id, member, v[i].index + 1)(graph);
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        }

                    // All other relations (Routes, Multipolygons, etc):
                    // 1. Both `wayA` and `wayB` remain in the relation
                    // 2. But must be inserted as a pair (see `actionAddMember` for details)
                    } else {
                        if (relation === isOuter) {
                            graph = graph.replace(relation.mergeTags(wayA.tags));
                            graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({ tags: {} }));
                            graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({ tags: {} }));
                        }

                        member = {
                            id: wayB.id,
                            type: 'way',
                            role: relation.memberById(wayA.id).role
                        };

                        var insertPair = {
                            originalID: wayA.id,
                            insertedID: wayB.id,
                            nodes: origNodes
                        };

                        graph = actionAddMember(relation.id, member, undefined, insertPair)(graph);
                    }
                });

                if (!isOuter && isArea) {
                    var multipolygon = osmRelation({
                        tags: Object.assign({}, wayA.tags, { type: 'multipolygon' }),
                        members: [
                            { id: wayA.id, role: 'outer', type: 'way' },
                            { id: wayB.id, role: 'outer', type: 'way' }
                        ]
                    });

                    graph = graph.replace(multipolygon);
                    graph = graph.replace(wayA.update({ tags: {} }));
                    graph = graph.replace(wayB.update({ tags: {} }));
                }

                createdWayIDs.push(wayB.id);

                return graph;
            }

            var action = function(graph) {
                var candidates = action.ways(graph);
                createdWayIDs = [];
                for (var i = 0; i < candidates.length; i++) {
                    graph = split(graph, candidates[i], newWayIds && newWayIds[i]);
                }
                return graph;
            };

            action.getCreatedWayIDs = function() {
                return createdWayIDs;
            };

            action.ways = function(graph) {
                var node = graph.entity(nodeId);
                var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
                var hasLines = parents.some(function(parent) {
                    return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line';
                });

                return parents.filter(function(parent) {
                    if (_wayIDs && _wayIDs.indexOf(parent.id) === -1)
                        { return false; }

                    if (!_wayIDs && hasLines && parent.geometry(graph) !== 'line')
                        { return false; }

                    if (parent.isClosed()) {
                        return true;
                    }

                    for (var i = 1; i < parent.nodes.length - 1; i++) {
                        if (parent.nodes[i] === nodeId) {
                            return true;
                        }
                    }

                    return false;
                });
            };


            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                var candidates = action.ways(graph);
                if (candidates.length === 0 || (_wayIDs && _wayIDs.length !== candidates.length)) {
                    return 'not_eligible';
                }
            };


            action.limitWays = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _wayIDs; }
                _wayIDs = val;
                return action;
            };


            return action;
        }

        function coreGraph(other, mutable) {
            if (!(this instanceof coreGraph)) { return new coreGraph(other, mutable); }

            if (other instanceof coreGraph) {
                var base = other.base();
                this.entities = Object.assign(Object.create(base.entities), other.entities);
                this._parentWays = Object.assign(Object.create(base.parentWays), other._parentWays);
                this._parentRels = Object.assign(Object.create(base.parentRels), other._parentRels);

            } else {
                this.entities = Object.create({});
                this._parentWays = Object.create({});
                this._parentRels = Object.create({});
                this.rebase(other || [], [this]);
            }

            this.transients = {};
            this._childNodes = {};
            this.frozen = !mutable;
        }


        coreGraph.prototype = {

            hasEntity: function(id) {
                return this.entities[id];
            },


            entity: function(id) {
                var entity = this.entities[id];

                //https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues/3973#issuecomment-307052376
                if (!entity) {
                    entity = this.entities.__proto__[id];  // eslint-disable-line no-proto
                }

                if (!entity) {
                    throw new Error('entity ' + id + ' not found');
                }
                return entity;
            },


            geometry: function(id) {
                return this.entity(id).geometry(this);
            },


            transient: function(entity, key, fn) {
                var id = entity.id;
                var transients = this.transients[id] || (this.transients[id] = {});

                if (transients[key] !== undefined) {
                    return transients[key];
                }

                transients[key] = fn.call(entity);

                return transients[key];
            },


            parentWays: function(entity) {
                var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
                var result = [];
                if (parents) {
                    parents.forEach(function(id) {
                        result.push(this.entity(id));
                    }, this);
                }
                return result;
            },


            isPoi: function(entity) {
                var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
                return !parents || parents.size === 0;
            },


            isShared: function(entity) {
                var parents = this._parentWays[entity.id];
                return parents && parents.size > 1;
            },


            parentRelations: function(entity) {
                var parents = this._parentRels[entity.id];
                var result = [];
                if (parents) {
                    parents.forEach(function(id) {
                        result.push(this.entity(id));
                    }, this);
                }
                return result;
            },

            parentMultipolygons: function(entity) {
                return this.parentRelations(entity).filter(function(relation) {
                    return relation.isMultipolygon();
                });
            },


            childNodes: function(entity) {
                if (this._childNodes[entity.id]) { return this._childNodes[entity.id]; }
                if (!entity.nodes) { return []; }

                var nodes = [];
                for (var i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
                    nodes[i] = this.entity(entity.nodes[i]);
                }

                this._childNodes[entity.id] = nodes;
                return this._childNodes[entity.id];
            },


            base: function() {
                return {
                    'entities': Object.getPrototypeOf(this.entities),
                    'parentWays': Object.getPrototypeOf(this._parentWays),
                    'parentRels': Object.getPrototypeOf(this._parentRels)
                };
            },


            // Unlike other graph methods, rebase mutates in place. This is because it
            // is used only during the history operation that merges newly downloaded
            // data into each state. To external consumers, it should appear as if the
            // graph always contained the newly downloaded data.
            rebase: function(entities, stack, force) {
                var base = this.base();
                var i, j, k, id;

                for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
                    var entity = entities[i];

                    if (!entity.visible || (!force && base.entities[entity.id]))
                        { continue; }

                    // Merging data into the base graph
                    base.entities[entity.id] = entity;
                    this._updateCalculated(undefined, entity, base.parentWays, base.parentRels);

                    // Restore provisionally-deleted nodes that are discovered to have an extant parent
                    if (entity.type === 'way') {
                        for (j = 0; j < entity.nodes.length; j++) {
                            id = entity.nodes[j];
                            for (k = 1; k < stack.length; k++) {
                                var ents = stack[k].entities;
                                if (ents.hasOwnProperty(id) && ents[id] === undefined) {
                                    delete ents[id];
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                for (i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
                    stack[i]._updateRebased();
                }
            },


            _updateRebased: function() {
                var base = this.base();

                Object.keys(this._parentWays).forEach(function(child) {
                    if (base.parentWays[child]) {
                        base.parentWays[child].forEach(function(id) {
                            if (!this.entities.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
                                this._parentWays[child].add(id);
                            }
                        }, this);
                    }
                }, this);

                Object.keys(this._parentRels).forEach(function(child) {
                    if (base.parentRels[child]) {
                        base.parentRels[child].forEach(function(id) {
                            if (!this.entities.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
                                this._parentRels[child].add(id);
                            }
                        }, this);
                    }
                }, this);

                this.transients = {};

                // this._childNodes is not updated, under the assumption that
                // ways are always downloaded with their child nodes.
            },


            // Updates calculated properties (parentWays, parentRels) for the specified change
            _updateCalculated: function(oldentity, entity, parentWays, parentRels) {
                parentWays = parentWays || this._parentWays;
                parentRels = parentRels || this._parentRels;

                var type = entity && entity.type || oldentity && oldentity.type;
                var removed, added, i;

                if (type === 'way') {   // Update parentWays
                    if (oldentity && entity) {
                        removed = utilArrayDifference(oldentity.nodes, entity.nodes);
                        added = utilArrayDifference(entity.nodes, oldentity.nodes);
                    } else if (oldentity) {
                        removed = oldentity.nodes;
                        added = [];
                    } else if (entity) {
                        removed = [];
                        added = entity.nodes;
                    }
                    for (i = 0; i < removed.length; i++) {
                        // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
                        parentWays[removed[i]] = new Set(parentWays[removed[i]]);
                        parentWays[removed[i]].delete(oldentity.id);
                    }
                    for (i = 0; i < added.length; i++) {
                        // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
                        parentWays[added[i]] = new Set(parentWays[added[i]]);
                        parentWays[added[i]].add(entity.id);
                    }

                } else if (type === 'relation') {   // Update parentRels

                    // diff only on the IDs since the same entity can be a member multiple times with different roles
                    var oldentityMemberIDs = oldentity ? oldentity.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
                    var entityMemberIDs = entity ? entity.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];

                    if (oldentity && entity) {
                        removed = utilArrayDifference(oldentityMemberIDs, entityMemberIDs);
                        added = utilArrayDifference(entityMemberIDs, oldentityMemberIDs);
                    } else if (oldentity) {
                        removed = oldentityMemberIDs;
                        added = [];
                    } else if (entity) {
                        removed = [];
                        added = entityMemberIDs;
                    }
                    for (i = 0; i < removed.length; i++) {
                        // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
                        parentRels[removed[i]] = new Set(parentRels[removed[i]]);
                        parentRels[removed[i]].delete(oldentity.id);
                    }
                    for (i = 0; i < added.length; i++) {
                        // make a copy of prototype property, store as own property, and update..
                        parentRels[added[i]] = new Set(parentRels[added[i]]);
                        parentRels[added[i]].add(entity.id);
                    }
                }
            },


            replace: function(entity) {
                if (this.entities[entity.id] === entity) { return this; }

                return this.update(function() {
                    this._updateCalculated(this.entities[entity.id], entity);
                    this.entities[entity.id] = entity;
                });
            },


            remove: function(entity) {
                return this.update(function() {
                    this._updateCalculated(entity, undefined);
                    this.entities[entity.id] = undefined;
                });
            },


            revert: function(id) {
                var baseEntity = this.base().entities[id];
                var headEntity = this.entities[id];
                if (headEntity === baseEntity) { return this; }

                return this.update(function() {
                    this._updateCalculated(headEntity, baseEntity);
                    delete this.entities[id];
                });
            },


            update: function() {
                var arguments$1 = arguments;

                var graph = this.frozen ? coreGraph(this, true) : this;
                for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
                    arguments$1[i].call(graph, graph);
                }

                if (this.frozen) { graph.frozen = true; }

                return graph;
            },


            // Obliterates any existing entities
            load: function(entities) {
                var base = this.base();
                this.entities = Object.create(base.entities);

                for (var i in entities) {
                    this.entities[i] = entities[i];
                    this._updateCalculated(base.entities[i], this.entities[i]);
                }

                return this;
            }
        };

        function osmTurn(turn) {
            if (!(this instanceof osmTurn)) {
                return new osmTurn(turn);
            }
            Object.assign(this, turn);
        }


        function osmIntersection(graph, startVertexId, maxDistance) {
            maxDistance = maxDistance || 30;    // in meters
            var vgraph = coreGraph();           // virtual graph
            var i, j, k;


            function memberOfRestriction(entity) {
                return graph.parentRelations(entity)
                    .some(function(r) { return r.isRestriction(); });
            }

            function isRoad(way) {
                if (way.isArea() || way.isDegenerate()) { return false; }
                var roads = {
                    'motorway': true,
                    'motorway_link': true,
                    'trunk': true,
                    'trunk_link': true,
                    'primary': true,
                    'primary_link': true,
                    'secondary': true,
                    'secondary_link': true,
                    'tertiary': true,
                    'tertiary_link': true,
                    'residential': true,
                    'unclassified': true,
                    'living_street': true,
                    'service': true,
                    'road': true,
                    'track': true
                };
                return roads[way.tags.highway];
            }


            var startNode = graph.entity(startVertexId);
            var checkVertices = [startNode];
            var checkWays;
            var vertices = [];
            var vertexIds = [];
            var vertex;
            var ways = [];
            var wayIds = [];
            var way;
            var nodes = [];
            var node;
            var parents = [];
            var parent;

            // `actions` will store whatever actions must be performed to satisfy
            // preconditions for adding a turn restriction to this intersection.
            //  - Remove any existing degenerate turn restrictions (missing from/to, etc)
            //  - Reverse oneways so that they are drawn in the forward direction
            //  - Split ways on key vertices
            var actions = [];


            // STEP 1:  walk the graph outwards from starting vertex to search
            //  for more key vertices and ways to include in the intersection..

            while (checkVertices.length) {
                vertex = checkVertices.pop();

                // check this vertex for parent ways that are roads
                checkWays = graph.parentWays(vertex);
                var hasWays = false;
                for (i = 0; i < checkWays.length; i++) {
                    way = checkWays[i];
                    if (!isRoad(way) && !memberOfRestriction(way)) { continue; }

                    ways.push(way);   // it's a road, or it's already in a turn restriction
                    hasWays = true;

                    // check the way's children for more key vertices
                    nodes = utilArrayUniq(graph.childNodes(way));
                    for (j = 0; j < nodes.length; j++) {
                        node = nodes[j];
                        if (node === vertex) { continue; }                                           // same thing
                        if (vertices.indexOf(node) !== -1) { continue; }                             // seen it already
                        if (geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, startNode.loc) > maxDistance) { continue; }   // too far from start

                        // a key vertex will have parents that are also roads
                        var hasParents = false;
                        parents = graph.parentWays(node);
                        for (k = 0; k < parents.length; k++) {
                            parent = parents[k];
                            if (parent === way) { continue; }                 // same thing
                            if (ways.indexOf(parent) !== -1) { continue; }    // seen it already
                            if (!isRoad(parent)) { continue; }                // not a road
                            hasParents = true;
                            break;
                        }

                        if (hasParents) {
                            checkVertices.push(node);
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (hasWays) {
                    vertices.push(vertex);
                }
            }

            vertices = utilArrayUniq(vertices);
            ways = utilArrayUniq(ways);


            // STEP 2:  Build a virtual graph containing only the entities in the intersection..
            // Everything done after this step should act on the virtual graph
            // Any actions that must be performed later to the main graph go in `actions` array
            ways.forEach(function(way) {
                graph.childNodes(way).forEach(function(node) {
                    vgraph = vgraph.replace(node);
                });

                vgraph = vgraph.replace(way);

                graph.parentRelations(way).forEach(function(relation) {
                    if (relation.isRestriction()) {
                        if (relation.isValidRestriction(graph)) {
                            vgraph = vgraph.replace(relation);
                        } else if (relation.isComplete(graph)) {
                            actions.push(actionDeleteRelation(relation.id));
                        }
                    }
                });
            });


            // STEP 3:  Force all oneways to be drawn in the forward direction
            ways.forEach(function(w) {
                var way = vgraph.entity(w.id);
                if (way.tags.oneway === '-1') {
                    var action = actionReverse(way.id, { reverseOneway: true });
                    actions.push(action);
                    vgraph = action(vgraph);
                }
            });


            // STEP 4:  Split ways on key vertices
            var origCount = osmEntity.id.next.way;
            vertices.forEach(function(v) {
                // This is an odd way to do it, but we need to find all the ways that
                // will be split here, then split them one at a time to ensure that these
                // actions can be replayed on the main graph exactly in the same order.
                // (It is unintuitive, but the order of ways returned from graph.parentWays()
                // is arbitrary, depending on how the main graph and vgraph were built)
                var splitAll = actionSplit(v.id);
                if (!splitAll.disabled(vgraph)) {
                    splitAll.ways(vgraph).forEach(function(way) {
                        var splitOne = actionSplit(v.id).limitWays([way.id]);
                        actions.push(splitOne);
                        vgraph = splitOne(vgraph);
                    });
                }
            });

            // In here is where we should also split the intersection at nearby junction.
            //   for https://github.com/mapbox/iD-internal/issues/31
            // nearbyVertices.forEach(function(v) {
            // });

            // Reasons why we reset the way id count here:
            //  1. Continuity with way ids created by the splits so that we can replay
            //     these actions later if the user decides to create a turn restriction
            //  2. Avoids churning way ids just by hovering over a vertex
            //     and displaying the turn restriction editor
            osmEntity.id.next.way = origCount;


            // STEP 5:  Update arrays to point to vgraph entities
            vertexIds = vertices.map(function(v) { return v.id; });
            vertices = [];
            ways = [];

            vertexIds.forEach(function(id) {
                var vertex = vgraph.entity(id);
                var parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
                vertices.push(vertex);
                ways = ways.concat(parents);
            });

            vertices = utilArrayUniq(vertices);
            ways = utilArrayUniq(ways);

            vertexIds = vertices.map(function(v) { return v.id; });
            wayIds = ways.map(function(w) { return w.id; });


            // STEP 6:  Update the ways with some metadata that will be useful for
            // walking the intersection graph later and rendering turn arrows.

            function withMetadata(way, vertexIds) {
                var __oneWay = way.isOneWay();

                // which affixes are key vertices?
                var __first = (vertexIds.indexOf(way.first()) !== -1);
                var __last = (vertexIds.indexOf(way.last()) !== -1);

                // what roles is this way eligible for?
                var __via = (__first && __last);
                var __from = ((__first && !__oneWay) || __last);
                var __to = (__first || (__last && !__oneWay));

                return way.update({
                    __first:  __first,
                    __last:  __last,
                    __from:  __from,
                    __via: __via,
                    __to:  __to,
                    __oneWay:  __oneWay
                });
            }

            ways = [];
            wayIds.forEach(function(id) {
                var way = withMetadata(vgraph.entity(id), vertexIds);
                vgraph = vgraph.replace(way);
                ways.push(way);
            });


            // STEP 7:  Simplify - This is an iterative process where we:
            //  1. Find trivial vertices with only 2 parents
            //  2. trim off the leaf way from those vertices and remove from vgraph

            var keepGoing;
            var removeWayIds = [];
            var removeVertexIds = [];

            do {
                keepGoing = false;
                checkVertices = vertexIds.slice();

                for (i = 0; i < checkVertices.length; i++) {
                    var vertexId = checkVertices[i];
                    vertex = vgraph.hasEntity(vertexId);

                    if (!vertex) {
                        if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
                            vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1);   // stop checking this one
                        }
                        removeVertexIds.push(vertexId);
                        continue;
                    }

                    parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);
                    if (parents.length < 3) {
                        if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
                            vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1);   // stop checking this one
                        }
                    }

                    if (parents.length === 2) {     // vertex with 2 parents is trivial
                        var a = parents[0];
                        var b = parents[1];
                        var aIsLeaf = a && !a.__via;
                        var bIsLeaf = b && !b.__via;
                        var leaf, survivor;

                        if (aIsLeaf && !bIsLeaf) {
                            leaf = a;
                            survivor = b;
                        } else if (!aIsLeaf && bIsLeaf) {
                            leaf = b;
                            survivor = a;
                        }

                        if (leaf && survivor) {
                            survivor = withMetadata(survivor, vertexIds);      // update survivor way
                            vgraph = vgraph.replace(survivor).remove(leaf);    // update graph
                            removeWayIds.push(leaf.id);
                            keepGoing = true;
                        }
                    }

                    parents = vgraph.parentWays(vertex);

                    if (parents.length < 2) {     // vertex is no longer a key vertex
                        if (vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId) !== -1) {
                            vertexIds.splice(vertexIds.indexOf(vertexId), 1);   // stop checking this one
                        }
                        removeVertexIds.push(vertexId);
                        keepGoing = true;
                    }

                    if (parents.length < 1) {     // vertex is no longer attached to anything
                        vgraph = vgraph.remove(vertex);
                    }

                }
            } while (keepGoing);


            vertices = vertices
                .filter(function(vertex) { return removeVertexIds.indexOf(vertex.id) === -1; })
                .map(function(vertex) { return vgraph.entity(vertex.id); });
            ways = ways
                .filter(function(way) { return removeWayIds.indexOf(way.id) === -1; })
                .map(function(way) { return vgraph.entity(way.id); });


            // OK!  Here is our intersection..
            var intersection = {
                graph: vgraph,
                actions: actions,
                vertices: vertices,
                ways: ways,
            };



            // Get all the valid turns through this intersection given a starting way id.
            // This operates on the virtual graph for everything.
            //
            // Basically, walk through all possible paths from starting way,
            //   honoring the existing turn restrictions as we go (watch out for loops!)
            //
            // For each path found, generate and return a `osmTurn` datastructure.
            //
            intersection.turns = function(fromWayId, maxViaWay) {
                if (!fromWayId) { return []; }
                if (!maxViaWay) { maxViaWay = 0; }

                var vgraph = intersection.graph;
                var keyVertexIds = intersection.vertices.map(function(v) { return v.id; });

                var start = vgraph.entity(fromWayId);
                if (!start || !(start.__from || start.__via)) { return []; }

                // maxViaWay=0   from-*-to              (0 vias)
                // maxViaWay=1   from-*-via-*-to        (1 via max)
                // maxViaWay=2   from-*-via-*-via-*-to  (2 vias max)
                var maxPathLength = (maxViaWay * 2) + 3;
                var turns = [];

                step(start);
                return turns;


                // traverse the intersection graph and find all the valid paths
                function step(entity, currPath, currRestrictions, matchedRestriction) {
                    currPath = (currPath || []).slice();  // shallow copy
                    if (currPath.length >= maxPathLength) { return; }
                    currPath.push(entity.id);
                    currRestrictions = (currRestrictions || []).slice();  // shallow copy
                    var i, j;

                    if (entity.type === 'node') {
                        var parents = vgraph.parentWays(entity);
                        var nextWays = [];

                        // which ways can we step into?
                        for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
                            var way = parents[i];

                            // if next way is a oneway incoming to this vertex, skip
                            if (way.__oneWay && way.nodes[0] !== entity.id) { continue; }

                            // if we have seen it before (allowing for an initial u-turn), skip
                            if (currPath.indexOf(way.id) !== -1 && currPath.length >= 3) { continue; }

                            // Check all "current" restrictions (where we've already walked the `FROM`)
                            var restrict = undefined;
                            for (j = 0; j < currRestrictions.length; j++) {
                                var restriction = currRestrictions[j];
                                var f = restriction.memberByRole('from');
                                var v = restriction.membersByRole('via');
                                var t = restriction.memberByRole('to');
                                var isOnly = /^only_/.test(restriction.tags.restriction);

                                // Does the current path match this turn restriction?
                                var matchesFrom = (f.id === fromWayId);
                                var matchesViaTo = false;
                                var isAlongOnlyPath = false;

                                if (t.id === way.id) {     // match TO

                                    if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {    // match VIA node
                                        matchesViaTo = (v[0].id === entity.id && (
                                            (matchesFrom && currPath.length === 2) ||
                                            (!matchesFrom && currPath.length > 2)
                                        ));

                                    } else {                                         // match all VIA ways
                                        var pathVias = [];
                                        for (k = 2; k < currPath.length; k +=2 ) {   // k = 2 skips FROM
                                            pathVias.push(currPath[k]);              // (path goes way-node-way...)
                                        }
                                        var restrictionVias = [];
                                        for (k = 0; k < v.length; k++) {
                                            if (v[k].type === 'way') {
                                                restrictionVias.push(v[k].id);
                                            }
                                        }
                                        var diff = utilArrayDifference(pathVias, restrictionVias);
                                        matchesViaTo = !diff.length;
                                    }

                                } else if (isOnly) {
                                    for (k = 0; k < v.length; k++) {
                                        // way doesn't match TO, but is one of the via ways along the path of an "only"
                                        if (v[k].type === 'way' && v[k].id === way.id) {
                                            isAlongOnlyPath = true;
                                            break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                }

                                if (matchesViaTo) {
                                    if (isOnly) {
                                        restrict = { id: restriction.id, direct: matchesFrom, from: f.id, only: true, end: true };
                                    } else {
                                        restrict = { id: restriction.id, direct: matchesFrom, from: f.id, no: true, end: true };
                                    }
                                } else {    // indirect - caused by a different nearby restriction
                                    if (isAlongOnlyPath) {
                                        restrict = { id: restriction.id, direct: false, from: f.id, only: true, end: false };
                                    } else if (isOnly) {
                                        restrict = { id: restriction.id, direct: false, from: f.id, no: true, end: true };
                                    }
                                }

                                // stop looking if we find a "direct" restriction (matching FROM, VIA, TO)
                                if (restrict && restrict.direct)
                                    { break; }
                            }

                            nextWays.push({ way: way, restrict: restrict });
                        }

                        nextWays.forEach(function(nextWay) {
                            step(nextWay.way, currPath, currRestrictions, nextWay.restrict);
                        });


                    } else {  // entity.type === 'way'
                        if (currPath.length >= 3) {     // this is a "complete" path..
                            var turnPath = currPath.slice();   // shallow copy

                            // an indirect restriction - only include the partial path (starting at FROM)
                            if (matchedRestriction && matchedRestriction.direct === false) {
                                for (i = 0; i < turnPath.length; i++) {
                                    if (turnPath[i] === matchedRestriction.from) {
                                        turnPath = turnPath.slice(i);
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }
                            }

                            var turn = pathToTurn(turnPath);
                            if (turn) {
                                if (matchedRestriction) {
                                    turn.restrictionID = matchedRestriction.id;
                                    turn.no = matchedRestriction.no;
                                    turn.only = matchedRestriction.only;
                                    turn.direct = matchedRestriction.direct;
                                }
                                turns.push(osmTurn(turn));
                            }

                            if (currPath[0] === currPath[2]) { return; }   // if we made a u-turn - stop here
                        }

                        if (matchedRestriction && matchedRestriction.end) { return; }  // don't advance any further

                        // which nodes can we step into?
                        var n1 = vgraph.entity(entity.first());
                        var n2 = vgraph.entity(entity.last());
                        var dist = geoSphericalDistance(n1.loc, n2.loc);
                        var nextNodes = [];

                        if (currPath.length > 1) {
                            if (dist > maxDistance) { return; }   // the next node is too far
                            if (!entity.__via) { return; }        // this way is a leaf / can't be a via
                        }

                        if (!entity.__oneWay &&                     // bidirectional..
                            keyVertexIds.indexOf(n1.id) !== -1 &&   // key vertex..
                            currPath.indexOf(n1.id) === -1) {       // haven't seen it yet..
                            nextNodes.push(n1);                     // can advance to first node
                        }
                        if (keyVertexIds.indexOf(n2.id) !== -1 &&   // key vertex..
                            currPath.indexOf(n2.id) === -1) {       // haven't seen it yet..
                            nextNodes.push(n2);                     // can advance to last node
                        }

                        nextNodes.forEach(function(nextNode) {
                            // gather restrictions FROM this way
                            var fromRestrictions = vgraph.parentRelations(entity).filter(function(r) {
                                if (!r.isRestriction()) { return false; }

                                var f = r.memberByRole('from');
                                if (!f || f.id !== entity.id) { return false; }

                                var isOnly = /^only_/.test(r.tags.restriction);
                                if (!isOnly) { return true; }

                                // `only_` restrictions only matter along the direction of the VIA - #4849
                                var isOnlyVia = false;
                                var v = r.membersByRole('via');
                                if (v.length === 1 && v[0].type === 'node') {   // via node
                                    isOnlyVia = (v[0].id === nextNode.id);
                                } else {                                        // via way(s)
                                    for (var i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
                                        if (v[i].type !== 'way') { continue; }
                                        var viaWay = vgraph.entity(v[i].id);
                                        if (viaWay.first() === nextNode.id || viaWay.last() === nextNode.id) {
                                            isOnlyVia = true;
                                            break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                                return isOnlyVia;
                            });

                            step(nextNode, currPath, currRestrictions.concat(fromRestrictions), false);
                        });
                    }
                }


                // assumes path is alternating way-node-way of odd length
                function pathToTurn(path) {
                    if (path.length < 3) { return; }
                    var fromWayId, fromNodeId, fromVertexId;
                    var toWayId, toNodeId, toVertexId;
                    var viaWayIds, viaNodeId, isUturn;

                    fromWayId = path[0];
                    toWayId = path[path.length - 1];

                    if (path.length === 3 && fromWayId === toWayId) {  // u turn
                        var way = vgraph.entity(fromWayId);
                        if (way.__oneWay) { return null; }

                        isUturn = true;
                        viaNodeId = fromVertexId = toVertexId = path[1];
                        fromNodeId = toNodeId = adjacentNode(fromWayId, viaNodeId);

                    } else {
                        isUturn = false;
                        fromVertexId = path[1];
                        fromNodeId = adjacentNode(fromWayId, fromVertexId);
                        toVertexId = path[path.length - 2];
                        toNodeId = adjacentNode(toWayId, toVertexId);

                        if (path.length === 3) {
                            viaNodeId = path[1];
                        } else {
                            viaWayIds = path.filter(function(entityId) { return entityId[0] === 'w'; });
                            viaWayIds = viaWayIds.slice(1, viaWayIds.length - 1);  // remove first, last
                        }
                    }

                    return {
                        key:  path.join('_'),
                        path: path,
                        from: { node: fromNodeId, way:  fromWayId, vertex: fromVertexId },
                        via:  { node: viaNodeId,  ways: viaWayIds },
                        to:   { node: toNodeId,   way:  toWayId, vertex: toVertexId },
                        u:    isUturn
                    };


                    function adjacentNode(wayId, affixId) {
                        var nodes = vgraph.entity(wayId).nodes;
                        return affixId === nodes[0] ? nodes[1] : nodes[nodes.length - 2];
                    }
                }

            };

            return intersection;
        }


        function osmInferRestriction(graph, turn, projection) {
            var fromWay = graph.entity(turn.from.way);
            var fromNode = graph.entity(turn.from.node);
            var fromVertex = graph.entity(turn.from.vertex);
            var toWay = graph.entity(turn.to.way);
            var toNode = graph.entity(turn.to.node);
            var toVertex = graph.entity(turn.to.vertex);

            var fromOneWay = (fromWay.tags.oneway === 'yes');
            var toOneWay = (toWay.tags.oneway === 'yes');
            var angle = (geoAngle(fromVertex, fromNode, projection) -
                        geoAngle(toVertex, toNode, projection)) * 180 / Math.PI;

            while (angle < 0)
                { angle += 360; }

            if (fromNode === toNode)
                { return 'no_u_turn'; }
            if ((angle < 23 || angle > 336) && fromOneWay && toOneWay)
                { return 'no_u_turn'; }   // wider tolerance for u-turn if both ways are oneway
            if ((angle < 40 || angle > 319) && fromOneWay && toOneWay && turn.from.vertex !== turn.to.vertex)
                { return 'no_u_turn'; }   // even wider tolerance for u-turn if there is a via way (from !== to)
            if (angle < 158)
                { return 'no_right_turn'; }
            if (angle > 202)
                { return 'no_left_turn'; }

            return 'no_straight_on';
        }

        function actionMergePolygon(ids, newRelationId) {

            function groupEntities(graph) {
                var entities = ids.map(function (id) { return graph.entity(id); });
                var geometryGroups = utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function(entity) {
                    if (entity.type === 'way' && entity.isClosed()) {
                        return 'closedWay';
                    } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
                        return 'multipolygon';
                    } else {
                        return 'other';
                    }
                });

                return Object.assign(
                    { closedWay: [], multipolygon: [], other: [] },
                    geometryGroups
                );
            }


            var action = function(graph) {
                var entities = groupEntities(graph);

                // An array representing all the polygons that are part of the multipolygon.
                //
                // Each element is itself an array of objects with an id property, and has a
                // locs property which is an array of the locations forming the polygon.
                var polygons = entities.multipolygon.reduce(function(polygons, m) {
                    return polygons.concat(osmJoinWays(m.members, graph));
                }, []).concat(entities.closedWay.map(function(d) {
                    var member = [{id: d.id}];
                    member.nodes = graph.childNodes(d);
                    return member;
                }));

                // contained is an array of arrays of boolean values,
                // where contained[j][k] is true iff the jth way is
                // contained by the kth way.
                var contained = polygons.map(function(w, i) {
                    return polygons.map(function(d, n) {
                        if (i === n) { return null; }
                        return geoPolygonContainsPolygon(
                            d.nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; }),
                            w.nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; })
                        );
                    });
                });

                // Sort all polygons as either outer or inner ways
                var members = [];
                var outer = true;

                while (polygons.length) {
                    extractUncontained(polygons);
                    polygons = polygons.filter(isContained);
                    contained = contained.filter(isContained).map(filterContained);
                }

                function isContained(d, i) {
                    return contained[i].some(function(val) { return val; });
                }

                function filterContained(d) {
                    return d.filter(isContained);
                }

                function extractUncontained(polygons) {
                    polygons.forEach(function(d, i) {
                        if (!isContained(d, i)) {
                            d.forEach(function(member) {
                                members.push({
                                    type: 'way',
                                    id: member.id,
                                    role: outer ? 'outer' : 'inner'
                                });
                            });
                        }
                    });
                    outer = !outer;
                }

                // Move all tags to one relation
                var relation = entities.multipolygon[0] ||
                    osmRelation({ id: newRelationId, tags: { type: 'multipolygon' }});

                entities.multipolygon.slice(1).forEach(function(m) {
                    relation = relation.mergeTags(m.tags);
                    graph = graph.remove(m);
                });

                entities.closedWay.forEach(function(way) {
                    function isThisOuter(m) {
                        return m.id === way.id && m.role !== 'inner';
                    }
                    if (members.some(isThisOuter)) {
                        relation = relation.mergeTags(way.tags);
                        graph = graph.replace(way.update({ tags: {} }));
                    }
                });

                return graph.replace(relation.update({
                    members: members,
                    tags: utilObjectOmit(relation.tags, ['area'])
                }));
            };


            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                var entities = groupEntities(graph);
                if (entities.other.length > 0 ||
                    entities.closedWay.length + entities.multipolygon.length < 2) {
                    return 'not_eligible';
                }
                if (!entities.multipolygon.every(function(r) { return r.isComplete(graph); })) {
                    return 'incomplete_relation';
                }

                if (!entities.multipolygon.length) {
                    var sharedMultipolygons = [];
                    entities.closedWay.forEach(function(way, i) {
                        if (i === 0) {
                            sharedMultipolygons = graph.parentMultipolygons(way);
                        } else {
                            sharedMultipolygons = utilArrayIntersection(sharedMultipolygons, graph.parentMultipolygons(way));
                        }
                    });
                    sharedMultipolygons = sharedMultipolygons.filter(function(relation) {
                        return relation.members.length === entities.closedWay.length;
                    });
                    if (sharedMultipolygons.length) {
                        // don't create a new multipolygon if it'd be redundant
                        return 'not_eligible';
                    }
                } else if (entities.closedWay.some(function(way) {
                        return utilArrayIntersection(graph.parentMultipolygons(way), entities.multipolygon).length;
                    })) {
                    // don't add a way to a multipolygon again if it's already a member
                    return 'not_eligible';
                }
            };


            return action;
        }

        // do not edit .js files directly - edit src/index.jst



        var fastDeepEqual = function equal(a, b) {
          if (a === b) { return true; }

          if (a && b && typeof a == 'object' && typeof b == 'object') {
            if (a.constructor !== b.constructor) { return false; }

            var length, i, keys;
            if (Array.isArray(a)) {
              length = a.length;
              if (length != b.length) { return false; }
              for (i = length; i-- !== 0;)
                { if (!equal(a[i], b[i])) { return false; } }
              return true;
            }



            if (a.constructor === RegExp) { return a.source === b.source && a.flags === b.flags; }
            if (a.valueOf !== Object.prototype.valueOf) { return a.valueOf() === b.valueOf(); }
            if (a.toString !== Object.prototype.toString) { return a.toString() === b.toString(); }

            keys = Object.keys(a);
            length = keys.length;
            if (length !== Object.keys(b).length) { return false; }

            for (i = length; i-- !== 0;)
              { if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(b, keys[i])) { return false; } }

            for (i = length; i-- !== 0;) {
              var key = keys[i];

              if (!equal(a[key], b[key])) { return false; }
            }

            return true;
          }

          // true if both NaN, false otherwise
          return a!==a && b!==b;
        };

        // Text diff algorithm following Hunt and McIlroy 1976.
        // J. W. Hunt and M. D. McIlroy, An algorithm for differential buffer
        // comparison, Bell Telephone Laboratories CSTR #41 (1976)
        // http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~doug/
        // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_subsequence_problem
        //
        // Expects two arrays, finds longest common sequence
        function LCS(buffer1, buffer2) {

          var equivalenceClasses = {};
          for (var j = 0; j < buffer2.length; j++) {
            var item = buffer2[j];
            if (equivalenceClasses[item]) {
              equivalenceClasses[item].push(j);
            } else {
              equivalenceClasses[item] = [j];
            }
          }

          var NULLRESULT = { buffer1index: -1, buffer2index: -1, chain: null };
          var candidates = [NULLRESULT];

          for (var i = 0; i < buffer1.length; i++) {
            var item$1 = buffer1[i];
            var buffer2indices = equivalenceClasses[item$1] || [];
            var r = 0;
            var c = candidates[0];

            for (var jx = 0; jx < buffer2indices.length; jx++) {
              var j$1 = buffer2indices[jx];

              var s = (void 0);
              for (s = r; s < candidates.length; s++) {
                if ((candidates[s].buffer2index < j$1) && ((s === candidates.length - 1) || (candidates[s + 1].buffer2index > j$1))) {
                  break;
                }
              }

              if (s < candidates.length) {
                var newCandidate = { buffer1index: i, buffer2index: j$1, chain: candidates[s] };
                if (r === candidates.length) {
                  candidates.push(c);
                } else {
                  candidates[r] = c;
                }
                r = s + 1;
                c = newCandidate;
                if (r === candidates.length) {
                  break; // no point in examining further (j)s
                }
              }
            }

            candidates[r] = c;
          }

          // At this point, we know the LCS: it's in the reverse of the
          // linked-list through .chain of candidates[candidates.length - 1].

          return candidates[candidates.length - 1];
        }


        // We apply the LCS to give a simple representation of the
        // offsets and lengths of mismatched chunks in the input
        // buffers. This is used by diff3MergeRegions.
        function diffIndices(buffer1, buffer2) {
          var lcs = LCS(buffer1, buffer2);
          var result = [];
          var tail1 = buffer1.length;
          var tail2 = buffer2.length;

          for (var candidate = lcs; candidate !== null; candidate = candidate.chain) {
            var mismatchLength1 = tail1 - candidate.buffer1index - 1;
            var mismatchLength2 = tail2 - candidate.buffer2index - 1;
            tail1 = candidate.buffer1index;
            tail2 = candidate.buffer2index;

            if (mismatchLength1 || mismatchLength2) {
              result.push({
                buffer1: [tail1 + 1, mismatchLength1],
                buffer1Content: buffer1.slice(tail1 + 1, tail1 + 1 + mismatchLength1),
                buffer2: [tail2 + 1, mismatchLength2],
                buffer2Content: buffer2.slice(tail2 + 1, tail2 + 1 + mismatchLength2)
              });
            }
          }

          result.reverse();
          return result;
        }


        // Given three buffers, A, O, and B, where both A and B are
        // independently derived from O, returns a fairly complicated
        // internal representation of merge decisions it's taken. The
        // interested reader may wish to consult
        //
        // Sanjeev Khanna, Keshav Kunal, and Benjamin C. Pierce.
        // 'A Formal Investigation of ' In Arvind and Prasad,
        // editors, Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical
        // Computer Science (FSTTCS), December 2007.
        //
        // (http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/papers/diff3-short.pdf)
        //
        function diff3MergeRegions(a, o, b) {

          // "hunks" are array subsets where `a` or `b` are different from `o`
          // https://www.gnu.org/software/diffutils/manual/html_node/diff3-Hunks.html
          var hunks = [];
          function addHunk(h, ab) {
            hunks.push({
              ab: ab,
              oStart: h.buffer1[0],
              oLength: h.buffer1[1],   // length of o to remove
              abStart: h.buffer2[0],
              abLength: h.buffer2[1]   // length of a/b to insert
              // abContent: (ab === 'a' ? a : b).slice(h.buffer2[0], h.buffer2[0] + h.buffer2[1])
            });
          }

          diffIndices(o, a).forEach(function (item) { return addHunk(item, 'a'); });
          diffIndices(o, b).forEach(function (item) { return addHunk(item, 'b'); });
          hunks.sort(function (x,y) { return x.oStart - y.oStart; });

          var results = [];
          var currOffset = 0;

          function advanceTo(endOffset) {
            if (endOffset > currOffset) {
              results.push({
                stable: true,
                buffer: 'o',
                bufferStart: currOffset,
                bufferLength: endOffset - currOffset,
                bufferContent: o.slice(currOffset, endOffset)
              });
              currOffset = endOffset;
            }
          }

          while (hunks.length) {
            var hunk = hunks.shift();
            var regionStart = hunk.oStart;
            var regionEnd = hunk.oStart + hunk.oLength;
            var regionHunks = [hunk];
            advanceTo(regionStart);

            // Try to pull next overlapping hunk into this region
            while (hunks.length) {
              var nextHunk = hunks[0];
              var nextHunkStart = nextHunk.oStart;
              if (nextHunkStart > regionEnd) { break; }   // no overlap

              regionEnd = Math.max(regionEnd, nextHunkStart + nextHunk.oLength);
              regionHunks.push(hunks.shift());
            }

            if (regionHunks.length === 1) {
              // Only one hunk touches this region, meaning that there is no conflict here.
              // Either `a` or `b` is inserting into a region of `o` unchanged by the other.
              if (hunk.abLength > 0) {
                var buffer = (hunk.ab === 'a' ? a : b);
                results.push({
                  stable: true,
                  buffer: hunk.ab,
                  bufferStart: hunk.abStart,
                  bufferLength: hunk.abLength,
                  bufferContent: buffer.slice(hunk.abStart, hunk.abStart + hunk.abLength)
                });
              }
            } else {
              // A true a/b conflict. Determine the bounds involved from `a`, `o`, and `b`.
              // Effectively merge all the `a` hunks into one giant hunk, then do the
              // same for the `b` hunks; then, correct for skew in the regions of `o`
              // that each side changed, and report appropriate spans for the three sides.
              var bounds = {
                a: [a.length, -1, o.length, -1],
                b: [b.length, -1, o.length, -1]
              };
              while (regionHunks.length) {
                hunk = regionHunks.shift();
                var oStart = hunk.oStart;
                var oEnd = oStart + hunk.oLength;
                var abStart = hunk.abStart;
                var abEnd = abStart + hunk.abLength;
                var b$1 = bounds[hunk.ab];
                b$1[0] = Math.min(abStart, b$1[0]);
                b$1[1] = Math.max(abEnd, b$1[1]);
                b$1[2] = Math.min(oStart, b$1[2]);
                b$1[3] = Math.max(oEnd, b$1[3]);
              }

              var aStart = bounds.a[0] + (regionStart - bounds.a[2]);
              var aEnd = bounds.a[1] + (regionEnd - bounds.a[3]);
              var bStart = bounds.b[0] + (regionStart - bounds.b[2]);
              var bEnd = bounds.b[1] + (regionEnd - bounds.b[3]);

              var result = {
                stable: false,
                aStart: aStart,
                aLength: aEnd - aStart,
                aContent: a.slice(aStart, aEnd),
                oStart: regionStart,
                oLength: regionEnd - regionStart,
                oContent: o.slice(regionStart, regionEnd),
                bStart: bStart,
                bLength: bEnd - bStart,
                bContent: b.slice(bStart, bEnd)
              };
              results.push(result);
            }
            currOffset = regionEnd;
          }

          advanceTo(o.length);

          return results;
        }


        // Applies the output of diff3MergeRegions to actually
        // construct the merged buffer; the returned result alternates
        // between 'ok' and 'conflict' blocks.
        // A "false conflict" is where `a` and `b` both change the same from `o`
        function diff3Merge(a, o, b, options) {
          var defaults = {
            excludeFalseConflicts: true,
            stringSeparator: /\s+/
          };
          options = Object.assign(defaults, options);

          var aString = (typeof a === 'string');
          var oString = (typeof o === 'string');
          var bString = (typeof b === 'string');

          if (aString) { a = a.split(options.stringSeparator); }
          if (oString) { o = o.split(options.stringSeparator); }
          if (bString) { b = b.split(options.stringSeparator); }

          var results = [];
          var regions = diff3MergeRegions(a, o, b);

          var okBuffer = [];
          function flushOk() {
            if (okBuffer.length) {
              results.push({ ok: okBuffer });
            }
            okBuffer = [];
          }

          function isFalseConflict(a, b) {
            if (a.length !== b.length) { return false; }
            for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
              if (a[i] !== b[i]) { return false; }
            }
            return true;
          }

          regions.forEach(function (region) {
            if (region.stable) {
              okBuffer.push.apply(okBuffer, region.bufferContent);
            } else {
              if (options.excludeFalseConflicts && isFalseConflict(region.aContent, region.bContent)) {
                okBuffer.push.apply(okBuffer, region.aContent);
              } else {
                flushOk();
                results.push({
                  conflict: {
                    a: region.aContent,
                    aIndex: region.aStart,
                    o: region.oContent,
                    oIndex: region.oStart,
                    b: region.bContent,
                    bIndex: region.bStart
                  }
                });
              }
            }
          });

          flushOk();
          return results;
        }

        function actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, discardTags, formatUser) {
            discardTags = discardTags || {};
            var _option = 'safe';  // 'safe', 'force_local', 'force_remote'
            var _conflicts = [];


            function user(d) {
                return (typeof formatUser === 'function') ? formatUser(d) : d;
            }


            function mergeLocation(remote, target) {
                function pointEqual(a, b) {
                    var epsilon = 1e-6;
                    return (Math.abs(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon) && (Math.abs(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon);
                }

                if (_option === 'force_local' || pointEqual(target.loc, remote.loc)) {
                    return target;
                }
                if (_option === 'force_remote') {
                    return target.update({loc: remote.loc});
                }

                _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.location', { user: user(remote.user) }));
                return target;
            }


            function mergeNodes(base, remote, target) {
                if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.nodes, remote.nodes)) {
                    return target;
                }
                if (_option === 'force_remote') {
                    return target.update({nodes: remote.nodes});
                }

                var ccount = _conflicts.length;
                var o = base.nodes || [];
                var a = target.nodes || [];
                var b = remote.nodes || [];
                var nodes = [];
                var hunks = diff3Merge(a, o, b, { excludeFalseConflicts: true });

                for (var i = 0; i < hunks.length; i++) {
                    var hunk = hunks[i];
                    if (hunk.ok) {
                        nodes.push.apply(nodes, hunk.ok);
                    } else {
                        // for all conflicts, we can assume c.a !== c.b
                        // because `diff3Merge` called with `true` option to exclude false conflicts..
                        var c = hunk.conflict;
                        if (fastDeepEqual(c.o, c.a)) {  // only changed remotely
                            nodes.push.apply(nodes, c.b);
                        } else if (fastDeepEqual(c.o, c.b)) {  // only changed locally
                            nodes.push.apply(nodes, c.a);
                        } else {       // changed both locally and remotely
                            _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.nodelist', { user: user(remote.user) }));
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }

                return (_conflicts.length === ccount) ? target.update({nodes: nodes}) : target;
            }


            function mergeChildren(targetWay, children, updates, graph) {
                function isUsed(node, targetWay) {
                    var hasInterestingParent = graph.parentWays(node)
                        .some(function(way) { return way.id !== targetWay.id; });

                    return node.hasInterestingTags() ||
                        hasInterestingParent ||
                        graph.parentRelations(node).length > 0;
                }

                var ccount = _conflicts.length;

                for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
                    var id = children[i];
                    var node = graph.hasEntity(id);

                    // remove unused childNodes..
                    if (targetWay.nodes.indexOf(id) === -1) {
                        if (node && !isUsed(node, targetWay)) {
                            updates.removeIds.push(id);
                        }
                        continue;
                    }

                    // restore used childNodes..
                    var local = localGraph.hasEntity(id);
                    var remote = remoteGraph.hasEntity(id);
                    var target;

                    if (_option === 'force_remote' && remote && remote.visible) {
                        updates.replacements.push(remote);

                    } else if (_option === 'force_local' && local) {
                        target = osmEntity(local);
                        if (remote) {
                            target = target.update({ version: remote.version });
                        }
                        updates.replacements.push(target);

                    } else if (_option === 'safe' && local && remote && local.version !== remote.version) {
                        target = osmEntity(local, { version: remote.version });
                        if (remote.visible) {
                            target = mergeLocation(remote, target);
                        } else {
                            _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.deleted', { user: user(remote.user) }));
                        }

                        if (_conflicts.length !== ccount) { break; }
                        updates.replacements.push(target);
                    }
                }

                return targetWay;
            }


            function updateChildren(updates, graph) {
                for (var i = 0; i < updates.replacements.length; i++) {
                    graph = graph.replace(updates.replacements[i]);
                }
                if (updates.removeIds.length) {
                    graph = actionDeleteMultiple(updates.removeIds)(graph);
                }
                return graph;
            }


            function mergeMembers(remote, target) {
                if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.members, remote.members)) {
                    return target;
                }
                if (_option === 'force_remote') {
                    return target.update({members: remote.members});
                }

                _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.memberlist', { user: user(remote.user) }));
                return target;
            }


            function mergeTags(base, remote, target) {
                if (_option === 'force_local' || fastDeepEqual(target.tags, remote.tags)) {
                    return target;
                }
                if (_option === 'force_remote') {
                    return target.update({tags: remote.tags});
                }

                var ccount = _conflicts.length;
                var o = base.tags || {};
                var a = target.tags || {};
                var b = remote.tags || {};
                var keys = utilArrayUnion(utilArrayUnion(Object.keys(o), Object.keys(a)), Object.keys(b))
                    .filter(function(k) { return !discardTags[k]; });
                var tags = Object.assign({}, a);   // shallow copy
                var changed = false;

                for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
                    var k = keys[i];

                    if (o[k] !== b[k] && a[k] !== b[k]) {    // changed remotely..
                        if (o[k] !== a[k]) {      // changed locally..
                            _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.tags',
                                { tag: k, local: a[k], remote: b[k], user: user(remote.user) }));

                        } else {                  // unchanged locally, accept remote change..
                            if (b.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
                                tags[k] = b[k];
                            } else {
                                delete tags[k];
                            }
                            changed = true;
                        }
                    }
                }

                return (changed && _conflicts.length === ccount) ? target.update({tags: tags}) : target;
            }


            //  `graph.base()` is the common ancestor of the two graphs.
            //  `localGraph` contains user's edits up to saving
            //  `remoteGraph` contains remote edits to modified nodes
            //  `graph` must be a descendent of `localGraph` and may include
            //      some conflict resolution actions performed on it.
            //
            //                  --- ... --- `localGraph` -- ... -- `graph`
            //                 /
            //  `graph.base()` --- ... --- `remoteGraph`
            //
            var action = function(graph) {
                var updates = { replacements: [], removeIds: [] };
                var base = graph.base().entities[id];
                var local = localGraph.entity(id);
                var remote = remoteGraph.entity(id);
                var target = osmEntity(local, { version: remote.version });

                // delete/undelete
                if (!remote.visible) {
                    if (_option === 'force_remote') {
                        return actionDeleteMultiple([id])(graph);

                    } else if (_option === 'force_local') {
                        if (target.type === 'way') {
                            target = mergeChildren(target, utilArrayUniq(local.nodes), updates, graph);
                            graph = updateChildren(updates, graph);
                        }
                        return graph.replace(target);

                    } else {
                        _conflicts.push(_t('merge_remote_changes.conflict.deleted', { user: user(remote.user) }));
                        return graph;  // do nothing
                    }
                }

                // merge
                if (target.type === 'node') {
                    target = mergeLocation(remote, target);

                } else if (target.type === 'way') {
                    // pull in any child nodes that may not be present locally..
                    graph.rebase(remoteGraph.childNodes(remote), [graph], false);
                    target = mergeNodes(base, remote, target);
                    target = mergeChildren(target, utilArrayUnion(local.nodes, remote.nodes), updates, graph);

                } else if (target.type === 'relation') {
                    target = mergeMembers(remote, target);
                }

                target = mergeTags(base, remote, target);

                if (!_conflicts.length) {
                    graph = updateChildren(updates, graph).replace(target);
                }

                return graph;
            };


            action.withOption = function(opt) {
                _option = opt;
                return action;
            };


            action.conflicts = function() {
                return _conflicts;
            };


            return action;
        }

        // https://github.com/openstreetmap/josm/blob/mirror/src/org/openstreetmap/josm/command/MoveCommand.java
        // https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/blob/master/net/systemeD/halcyon/connection/actions/MoveNodeAction.as
        function actionMove(moveIDs, tryDelta, projection, cache) {
            var _delta = tryDelta;

            function setupCache(graph) {
                function canMove(nodeID) {
                    // Allow movement of any node that is in the selectedIDs list..
                    if (moveIDs.indexOf(nodeID) !== -1) { return true; }

                    // Allow movement of a vertex where 2 ways meet..
                    var parents = graph.parentWays(graph.entity(nodeID));
                    if (parents.length < 3) { return true; }

                    // Restrict movement of a vertex where >2 ways meet, unless all parentWays are moving too..
                    var parentsMoving = parents.every(function(way) { return cache.moving[way.id]; });
                    if (!parentsMoving) { delete cache.moving[nodeID]; }

                    return parentsMoving;
                }

                function cacheEntities(ids) {
                    for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
                        var id = ids[i];
                        if (cache.moving[id]) { continue; }
                        cache.moving[id] = true;

                        var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
                        if (!entity) { continue; }

                        if (entity.type === 'node') {
                            cache.nodes.push(id);
                            cache.startLoc[id] = entity.loc;
                        } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
                            cache.ways.push(id);
                            cacheEntities(entity.nodes);
                        } else {
                            cacheEntities(entity.members.map(function(member) {
                                return member.id;
                            }));
                        }
                    }
                }

                function cacheIntersections(ids) {
                    function isEndpoint(way, id) {
                        return !way.isClosed() && !!way.affix(id);
                    }

                    for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
                        var id = ids[i];

                        // consider only intersections with 1 moved and 1 unmoved way.
                        var childNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(id));
                        for (var j = 0; j < childNodes.length; j++) {
                            var node = childNodes[j];
                            var parents = graph.parentWays(node);
                            if (parents.length !== 2) { continue; }

                            var moved = graph.entity(id);
                            var unmoved = null;
                            for (var k = 0; k < parents.length; k++) {
                                var way = parents[k];
                                if (!cache.moving[way.id]) {
                                    unmoved = way;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                            if (!unmoved) { continue; }

                            // exclude ways that are overly connected..
                            if (utilArrayIntersection(moved.nodes, unmoved.nodes).length > 2) { continue; }
                            if (moved.isArea() || unmoved.isArea()) { continue; }

                            cache.intersections.push({
                                nodeId: node.id,
                                movedId: moved.id,
                                unmovedId: unmoved.id,
                                movedIsEP: isEndpoint(moved, node.id),
                                unmovedIsEP: isEndpoint(unmoved, node.id)
                            });
                        }
                    }
                }


                if (!cache) {
                    cache = {};
                }
                if (!cache.ok) {
                    cache.moving = {};
                    cache.intersections = [];
                    cache.replacedVertex = {};
                    cache.startLoc = {};
                    cache.nodes = [];
                    cache.ways = [];

                    cacheEntities(moveIDs);
                    cacheIntersections(cache.ways);
                    cache.nodes = cache.nodes.filter(canMove);

                    cache.ok = true;
                }
            }


            // Place a vertex where the moved vertex used to be, to preserve way shape..
            //
            //  Start:
            //      b ---- e
            //     / \
            //    /   \
            //   /     \
            //  a       c
            //
            //      *               node '*' added to preserve shape
            //     / \
            //    /   b ---- e      way `b,e` moved here:
            //   /     \
            //  a       c
            //
            //
            function replaceMovedVertex(nodeId, wayId, graph, delta) {
                var way = graph.entity(wayId);
                var moved = graph.entity(nodeId);
                var movedIndex = way.nodes.indexOf(nodeId);
                var len, prevIndex, nextIndex;

                if (way.isClosed()) {
                    len = way.nodes.length - 1;
                    prevIndex = (movedIndex + len - 1) % len;
                    nextIndex = (movedIndex + len + 1) % len;
                } else {
                    len = way.nodes.length;
                    prevIndex = movedIndex - 1;
                    nextIndex = movedIndex + 1;
                }

                var prev = graph.hasEntity(way.nodes[prevIndex]);
                var next = graph.hasEntity(way.nodes[nextIndex]);

                // Don't add orig vertex at endpoint..
                if (!prev || !next) { return graph; }

                var key = wayId + '_' + nodeId;
                var orig = cache.replacedVertex[key];
                if (!orig) {
                    orig = osmNode();
                    cache.replacedVertex[key] = orig;
                    cache.startLoc[orig.id] = cache.startLoc[nodeId];
                }

                var start, end;
                if (delta) {
                    start = projection(cache.startLoc[nodeId]);
                    end = projection.invert(geoVecAdd(start, delta));
                } else {
                    end = cache.startLoc[nodeId];
                }
                orig = orig.move(end);

                var angle = Math.abs(geoAngle(orig, prev, projection) -
                        geoAngle(orig, next, projection)) * 180 / Math.PI;

                // Don't add orig vertex if it would just make a straight line..
                if (angle > 175 && angle < 185) { return graph; }

                // moving forward or backward along way?
                var p1 = [prev.loc, orig.loc, moved.loc, next.loc].map(projection);
                var p2 = [prev.loc, moved.loc, orig.loc, next.loc].map(projection);
                var d1 = geoPathLength(p1);
                var d2 = geoPathLength(p2);
                var insertAt = (d1 <= d2) ? movedIndex : nextIndex;

                // moving around closed loop?
                if (way.isClosed() && insertAt === 0) { insertAt = len; }

                way = way.addNode(orig.id, insertAt);
                return graph.replace(orig).replace(way);
            }


            // Remove duplicate vertex that might have been added by
            // replaceMovedVertex.  This is done after the unzorro checks.
            function removeDuplicateVertices(wayId, graph) {
                var way = graph.entity(wayId);
                var epsilon = 1e-6;
                var prev, curr;

                function isInteresting(node, graph) {
                    return graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 ||
                        graph.parentRelations(node).length ||
                        node.hasInterestingTags();
                }

                for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length; i++) {
                    curr = graph.entity(way.nodes[i]);

                    if (prev && curr && geoVecEqual(prev.loc, curr.loc, epsilon)) {
                        if (!isInteresting(prev, graph)) {
                            way = way.removeNode(prev.id);
                            graph = graph.replace(way).remove(prev);
                        } else if (!isInteresting(curr, graph)) {
                            way = way.removeNode(curr.id);
                            graph = graph.replace(way).remove(curr);
                        }
                    }

                    prev = curr;
                }

                return graph;
            }


            // Reorder nodes around intersections that have moved..
            //
            //  Start:                way1.nodes: b,e         (moving)
            //  a - b - c ----- d     way2.nodes: a,b,c,d     (static)
            //      |                 vertex: b
            //      e                 isEP1: true,  isEP2, false
            //
            //  way1 `b,e` moved here:
            //  a ----- c = b - d
            //              |
            //              e
            //
            //  reorder nodes         way1.nodes: b,e
            //  a ----- c - b - d     way2.nodes: a,c,b,d
            //              |
            //              e
            //
            function unZorroIntersection(intersection, graph) {
                var vertex = graph.entity(intersection.nodeId);
                var way1 = graph.entity(intersection.movedId);
                var way2 = graph.entity(intersection.unmovedId);
                var isEP1 = intersection.movedIsEP;
                var isEP2 = intersection.unmovedIsEP;

                // don't move the vertex if it is the endpoint of both ways.
                if (isEP1 && isEP2) { return graph; }

                var nodes1 = graph.childNodes(way1).filter(function(n) { return n !== vertex; });
                var nodes2 = graph.childNodes(way2).filter(function(n) { return n !== vertex; });

                if (way1.isClosed() && way1.first() === vertex.id) { nodes1.push(nodes1[0]); }
                if (way2.isClosed() && way2.first() === vertex.id) { nodes2.push(nodes2[0]); }

                var edge1 = !isEP1 && geoChooseEdge(nodes1, projection(vertex.loc), projection);
                var edge2 = !isEP2 && geoChooseEdge(nodes2, projection(vertex.loc), projection);
                var loc;

                // snap vertex to nearest edge (or some point between them)..
                if (!isEP1 && !isEP2) {
                    var epsilon = 1e-6, maxIter = 10;
                    for (var i = 0; i < maxIter; i++) {
                        loc = geoVecInterp(edge1.loc, edge2.loc, 0.5);
                        edge1 = geoChooseEdge(nodes1, projection(loc), projection);
                        edge2 = geoChooseEdge(nodes2, projection(loc), projection);
                        if (Math.abs(edge1.distance - edge2.distance) < epsilon) { break; }
                    }
                } else if (!isEP1) {
                    loc = edge1.loc;
                } else {
                    loc = edge2.loc;
                }

                graph = graph.replace(vertex.move(loc));

                // if zorro happened, reorder nodes..
                if (!isEP1 && edge1.index !== way1.nodes.indexOf(vertex.id)) {
                    way1 = way1.removeNode(vertex.id).addNode(vertex.id, edge1.index);
                    graph = graph.replace(way1);
                }
                if (!isEP2 && edge2.index !== way2.nodes.indexOf(vertex.id)) {
                    way2 = way2.removeNode(vertex.id).addNode(vertex.id, edge2.index);
                    graph = graph.replace(way2);
                }

                return graph;
            }


            function cleanupIntersections(graph) {
                for (var i = 0; i < cache.intersections.length; i++) {
                    var obj = cache.intersections[i];
                    graph = replaceMovedVertex(obj.nodeId, obj.movedId, graph, _delta);
                    graph = replaceMovedVertex(obj.nodeId, obj.unmovedId, graph, null);
                    graph = unZorroIntersection(obj, graph);
                    graph = removeDuplicateVertices(obj.movedId, graph);
                    graph = removeDuplicateVertices(obj.unmovedId, graph);
                }

                return graph;
            }


            // check if moving way endpoint can cross an unmoved way, if so limit delta..
            function limitDelta(graph) {
                function moveNode(loc) {
                    return geoVecAdd(projection(loc), _delta);
                }

                for (var i = 0; i < cache.intersections.length; i++) {
                    var obj = cache.intersections[i];

                    // Don't limit movement if this is vertex joins 2 endpoints..
                    if (obj.movedIsEP && obj.unmovedIsEP) { continue; }
                    // Don't limit movement if this vertex is not an endpoint anyway..
                    if (!obj.movedIsEP) { continue; }

                    var node = graph.entity(obj.nodeId);
                    var start = projection(node.loc);
                    var end = geoVecAdd(start, _delta);
                    var movedNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(obj.movedId));
                    var movedPath = movedNodes.map(function(n) { return moveNode(n.loc); });
                    var unmovedNodes = graph.childNodes(graph.entity(obj.unmovedId));
                    var unmovedPath = unmovedNodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                    var hits = geoPathIntersections(movedPath, unmovedPath);

                    for (var j = 0; i < hits.length; i++) {
                        if (geoVecEqual(hits[j], end)) { continue; }
                        var edge = geoChooseEdge(unmovedNodes, end, projection);
                        _delta = geoVecSubtract(projection(edge.loc), start);
                    }
                }
            }


            var action = function(graph) {
                if (_delta[0] === 0 && _delta[1] === 0) { return graph; }

                setupCache(graph);

                if (cache.intersections.length) {
                    limitDelta(graph);
                }

                for (var i = 0; i < cache.nodes.length; i++) {
                    var node = graph.entity(cache.nodes[i]);
                    var start = projection(node.loc);
                    var end = geoVecAdd(start, _delta);
                    graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(end)));
                }

                if (cache.intersections.length) {
                    graph = cleanupIntersections(graph);
                }

                return graph;
            };


            action.delta = function() {
                return _delta;
            };


            return action;
        }

        function actionMoveMember(relationId, fromIndex, toIndex) {
            return function(graph) {
                return graph.replace(graph.entity(relationId).moveMember(fromIndex, toIndex));
            };
        }

        function actionMoveNode(nodeID, toLoc) {

            var action = function(graph, t) {
                if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) { t = 1; }
                t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);

                var node = graph.entity(nodeID);
                return graph.replace(
                    node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, toLoc, t))
                );
            };

            action.transitionable = true;

            return action;
        }

        function actionNoop() {
            return function(graph) {
                return graph;
            };
        }

        function actionOrthogonalize(wayID, projection, vertexID, degThresh, ep) {
            var epsilon = ep || 1e-4;
            var threshold = degThresh || 13;  // degrees within right or straight to alter

            // We test normalized dot products so we can compare as cos(angle)
            var lowerThreshold = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);
            var upperThreshold = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);


            var action = function(graph, t) {
                if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) { t = 1; }
                t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);

                var way = graph.entity(wayID);
                way = way.removeNode('');   // sanity check - remove any consecutive duplicates

                if (way.tags.nonsquare) {
                    var tags = Object.assign({}, way.tags);
                    // since we're squaring, remove indication that this is physically unsquare
                    delete tags.nonsquare;
                    way = way.update({tags: tags});
                }

                graph = graph.replace(way);

                var isClosed = way.isClosed();
                var nodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice();  // shallow copy
                if (isClosed) { nodes.pop(); }

                if (vertexID !== undefined) {
                    nodes = nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed);
                    if (nodes.length !== 3) { return graph; }
                }

                // note: all geometry functions here use the unclosed node/point/coord list

                var nodeCount = {};
                var points = [];
                var corner = { i: 0, dotp: 1 };
                var node, point, loc, score, motions, i, j;

                for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
                    node = nodes[i];
                    nodeCount[node.id] = (nodeCount[node.id] || 0) + 1;
                    points.push({ id: node.id, coord: projection(node.loc) });
                }


                if (points.length === 3) {   // move only one vertex for right triangle
                    for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
                        motions = points.map(calcMotion);

                        points[corner.i].coord = geoVecAdd(points[corner.i].coord, motions[corner.i]);
                        score = corner.dotp;
                        if (score < epsilon) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    node = graph.entity(nodes[corner.i].id);
                    loc = projection.invert(points[corner.i].coord);
                    graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));

                } else {
                    var straights = [];
                    var simplified = [];

                    // Remove points from nearly straight sections..
                    // This produces a simplified shape to orthogonalize
                    for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
                        point = points[i];
                        var dotp = 0;
                        if (isClosed || (i > 0 && i < points.length - 1)) {
                            var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length];
                            var b = points[(i + 1) % points.length];
                            dotp = Math.abs(geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct(a.coord, b.coord, point.coord));
                        }

                        if (dotp > upperThreshold) {
                            straights.push(point);
                        } else {
                            simplified.push(point);
                        }
                    }

                    // Orthogonalize the simplified shape
                    var bestPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
                    var originalPoints = clonePoints(simplified);

                    score = Infinity;
                    for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
                        motions = simplified.map(calcMotion);

                        for (j = 0; j < motions.length; j++) {
                            simplified[j].coord = geoVecAdd(simplified[j].coord, motions[j]);
                        }
                        var newScore = geoOrthoCalcScore(simplified, isClosed, epsilon, threshold);
                        if (newScore < score) {
                            bestPoints = clonePoints(simplified);
                            score = newScore;
                        }
                        if (score < epsilon) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    var bestCoords = bestPoints.map(function(p) { return p.coord; });
                    if (isClosed) { bestCoords.push(bestCoords[0]); }

                    // move the nodes that should move
                    for (i = 0; i < bestPoints.length; i++) {
                        point = bestPoints[i];
                        if (!geoVecEqual(originalPoints[i].coord, point.coord)) {
                            node = graph.entity(point.id);
                            loc = projection.invert(point.coord);
                            graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
                        }
                    }

                    // move the nodes along straight segments
                    for (i = 0; i < straights.length; i++) {
                        point = straights[i];
                        if (nodeCount[point.id] > 1) { continue; }   // skip self-intersections

                        node = graph.entity(point.id);

                        if (t === 1 &&
                            graph.parentWays(node).length === 1 &&
                            graph.parentRelations(node).length === 0 &&
                            !node.hasInterestingTags()
                        ) {
                            // remove uninteresting points..
                            graph = actionDeleteNode(node.id)(graph);

                        } else {
                            // move interesting points to the nearest edge..
                            var choice = geoVecProject(point.coord, bestCoords);
                            if (choice) {
                                loc = projection.invert(choice.target);
                                graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc, t)));
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                return graph;


                function clonePoints(array) {
                    return array.map(function(p) {
                        return { id: p.id, coord: [p.coord[0], p.coord[1]] };
                    });
                }


                function calcMotion(point, i, array) {
                    // don't try to move the endpoints of a non-closed way.
                    if (!isClosed && (i === 0 || i === array.length - 1)) { return [0, 0]; }
                    // don't try to move a node that appears more than once (self intersection)
                    if (nodeCount[array[i].id] > 1) { return [0, 0]; }

                    var a = array[(i - 1 + array.length) % array.length].coord;
                    var origin = point.coord;
                    var b = array[(i + 1) % array.length].coord;
                    var p = geoVecSubtract(a, origin);
                    var q = geoVecSubtract(b, origin);

                    var scale = 2 * Math.min(geoVecLength(p), geoVecLength(q));
                    p = geoVecNormalize(p);
                    q = geoVecNormalize(q);

                    var dotp = (p[0] * q[0] + p[1] * q[1]);
                    var val = Math.abs(dotp);

                    if (val < lowerThreshold) {  // nearly orthogonal
                        corner.i = i;
                        corner.dotp = val;
                        var vec = geoVecNormalize(geoVecAdd(p, q));
                        return geoVecScale(vec, 0.1 * dotp * scale);
                    }

                    return [0, 0];   // do nothing
                }
            };


            // if we are only orthogonalizing one vertex,
            // get that vertex and the previous and next
            function nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed) {
                var first = isClosed ? 0 : 1;
                var last = isClosed ? nodes.length : nodes.length - 1;

                for (var i = first; i < last; i++) {
                    if (nodes[i].id === vertexID) {
                        return [
                            nodes[(i - 1 + nodes.length) % nodes.length],
                            nodes[i],
                            nodes[(i + 1) % nodes.length]
                        ];
                    }
                }

                return [];
            }


            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                var way = graph.entity(wayID);
                way = way.removeNode('');  // sanity check - remove any consecutive duplicates
                graph = graph.replace(way);

                var isClosed = way.isClosed();
                var nodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice();  // shallow copy
                if (isClosed) { nodes.pop(); }

                var allowStraightAngles = false;
                if (vertexID !== undefined) {
                    allowStraightAngles = true;
                    nodes = nodeSubset(nodes, vertexID, isClosed);
                    if (nodes.length !== 3) { return 'end_vertex'; }
                }

                var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                var score = geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(coords, isClosed, epsilon, threshold, allowStraightAngles);

                if (score === null) {
                    return 'not_squarish';
                } else if (score === 0) {
                    return 'square_enough';
                } else {
                    return false;
                }
            };


            action.transitionable = true;

            return action;
        }

        // `actionRestrictTurn` creates a turn restriction relation.
        //
        // `turn` must be an `osmTurn` object
        // see osm/intersection.js, pathToTurn()
        //
        // This specifies a restriction of type `restriction` when traveling from
        // `turn.from.way` toward `turn.to.way` via `turn.via.node` OR `turn.via.ways`.
        // (The action does not check that these entities form a valid intersection.)
        //
        // From, to, and via ways should be split before calling this action.
        // (old versions of the code would split the ways here, but we no longer do it)
        //
        // For testing convenience, accepts a restrictionID to assign to the new
        // relation. Normally, this will be undefined and the relation will
        // automatically be assigned a new ID.
        //
        function actionRestrictTurn(turn, restrictionType, restrictionID) {

            return function(graph) {
                var fromWay = graph.entity(turn.from.way);
                var toWay = graph.entity(turn.to.way);
                var viaNode = turn.via.node && graph.entity(turn.via.node);
                var viaWays = turn.via.ways && turn.via.ways.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
                var members = [];

                members.push({ id: fromWay.id, type: 'way',  role: 'from' });

                if (viaNode) {
                    members.push({ id: viaNode.id,  type: 'node', role: 'via' });
                } else if (viaWays) {
                    viaWays.forEach(function(viaWay) {
                        members.push({ id: viaWay.id,  type: 'way', role: 'via' });
                    });
                }

                members.push({ id: toWay.id, type: 'way',  role: 'to' });

                return graph.replace(osmRelation({
                    id: restrictionID,
                    tags: {
                        type: 'restriction',
                        restriction: restrictionType
                    },
                    members: members
                }));
            };
        }

        function actionRevert(id) {
            var action = function(graph) {
                var entity = graph.hasEntity(id),
                    base = graph.base().entities[id];

                if (entity && !base) {    // entity will be removed..
                    if (entity.type === 'node') {
                        graph.parentWays(entity)
                            .forEach(function(parent) {
                                parent = parent.removeNode(id);
                                graph = graph.replace(parent);

                                if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
                                    graph = actionDeleteWay(parent.id)(graph);
                                }
                            });
                    }

                    graph.parentRelations(entity)
                        .forEach(function(parent) {
                            parent = parent.removeMembersWithID(id);
                            graph = graph.replace(parent);

                            if (parent.isDegenerate()) {
                                graph = actionDeleteRelation(parent.id)(graph);
                            }
                        });
                }

                return graph.revert(id);
            };

            return action;
        }

        function actionRotate(rotateIds, pivot, angle, projection) {

            var action = function(graph) {
                return graph.update(function(graph) {
                    utilGetAllNodes(rotateIds, graph).forEach(function(node) {
                        var point = geoRotate([projection(node.loc)], angle, pivot)[0];
                        graph = graph.replace(node.move(projection.invert(point)));
                    });
                });
            };

            return action;
        }

        /* Align nodes along their common axis */
        function actionStraightenNodes(nodeIDs, projection) {

            function positionAlongWay(a, o, b) {
                return geoVecDot(a, b, o) / geoVecDot(b, b, o);
            }

            // returns the endpoints of the long axis of symmetry of the `points` bounding rect 
            function getEndpoints(points) {
                var ssr = geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points);

                // Choose line pq = axis of symmetry.
                // The shape's surrounding rectangle has 2 axes of symmetry.
                // Snap points to the long axis
                var p1 = [(ssr.poly[0][0] + ssr.poly[1][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[0][1] + ssr.poly[1][1]) / 2 ];
                var q1 = [(ssr.poly[2][0] + ssr.poly[3][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[2][1] + ssr.poly[3][1]) / 2 ];
                var p2 = [(ssr.poly[3][0] + ssr.poly[4][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[3][1] + ssr.poly[4][1]) / 2 ];
                var q2 = [(ssr.poly[1][0] + ssr.poly[2][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[1][1] + ssr.poly[2][1]) / 2 ];

                var isLong = (geoVecLength(p1, q1) > geoVecLength(p2, q2));
                if (isLong) {
                    return [p1, q1];
                }
                return [p2, q2];
            }


            var action = function(graph, t) {
                if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) { t = 1; }
                t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);

                var nodes = nodeIDs.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
                var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                var endpoints = getEndpoints(points);
                var startPoint = endpoints[0];
                var endPoint = endpoints[1];

                // Move points onto the line connecting the endpoints
                for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
                    var node = nodes[i];
                    var point = points[i];
                    var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
                    var point2 = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
                    var loc2 = projection.invert(point2);
                    graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t)));
                }

                return graph;
            };


            action.disabled = function(graph) {

                var nodes = nodeIDs.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
                var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                var endpoints = getEndpoints(points);
                var startPoint = endpoints[0];
                var endPoint = endpoints[1];

                var maxDistance = 0;

                for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
                    var point = points[i];
                    var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
                    var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
                    var dist = geoVecLength(p, point);

                    if (!isNaN(dist) && dist > maxDistance) {
                        maxDistance = dist;
                    }
                }

                if (maxDistance < 0.0001) {
                    return 'straight_enough';
                }
            };


            action.transitionable = true;


            return action;
        }

        /*
         * Based on https://github.com/openstreetmap/potlatch2/net/systemeD/potlatch2/tools/Straighten.as
         */
        function actionStraightenWay(selectedIDs, projection) {

            function positionAlongWay(a, o, b) {
                return geoVecDot(a, b, o) / geoVecDot(b, b, o);
            }

            // Return all selected ways as a continuous, ordered array of nodes
            function allNodes(graph) {
                var nodes = [];
                var startNodes = [];
                var endNodes = [];
                var remainingWays = [];
                var selectedWays = selectedIDs.filter(function(w) {
                    return graph.entity(w).type === 'way';
                });
                var selectedNodes = selectedIDs.filter(function(n) {
                    return graph.entity(n).type === 'node';
                });

                for (var i = 0; i < selectedWays.length; i++) {
                    var way = graph.entity(selectedWays[i]);
                    nodes = way.nodes.slice(0);
                    remainingWays.push(nodes);
                    startNodes.push(nodes[0]);
                    endNodes.push(nodes[nodes.length-1]);
                }

                // Remove duplicate end/startNodes (duplicate nodes cannot be at the line end,
                //   and need to be removed so currNode difference calculation below works)
                // i.e. ["n-1", "n-1", "n-2"] => ["n-2"]
                startNodes = startNodes.filter(function(n) {
                    return startNodes.indexOf(n) === startNodes.lastIndexOf(n);
                });
                endNodes = endNodes.filter(function(n) {
                    return endNodes.indexOf(n) === endNodes.lastIndexOf(n);
                });

                // Choose the initial endpoint to start from
                var currNode = utilArrayDifference(startNodes, endNodes)
                    .concat(utilArrayDifference(endNodes, startNodes))[0];
                var nextWay = [];
                nodes = [];

                // Create nested function outside of loop to avoid "function in loop" lint error
                var getNextWay = function(currNode, remainingWays) {
                    return remainingWays.filter(function(way) {
                        return way[0] === currNode || way[way.length-1] === currNode;
                    })[0];
                };

                // Add nodes to end of nodes array, until all ways are added
                while (remainingWays.length) {
                    nextWay = getNextWay(currNode, remainingWays);
                    remainingWays = utilArrayDifference(remainingWays, [nextWay]);

                    if (nextWay[0] !== currNode) {
                        nextWay.reverse();
                    }
                    nodes = nodes.concat(nextWay);
                    currNode = nodes[nodes.length-1];
                }

                // If user selected 2 nodes to straighten between, then slice nodes array to those nodes
                if (selectedNodes.length === 2) {
                    var startNodeIdx = nodes.indexOf(selectedNodes[0]);
                    var endNodeIdx = nodes.indexOf(selectedNodes[1]);
                    var sortedStartEnd = [startNodeIdx, endNodeIdx];

                    sortedStartEnd.sort(function(a, b) { return a - b; });
                    nodes = nodes.slice(sortedStartEnd[0], sortedStartEnd[1]+1);
                }

                return nodes.map(function(n) { return graph.entity(n); });
            }

            function shouldKeepNode(node, graph) {
                return graph.parentWays(node).length > 1 ||
                    graph.parentRelations(node).length ||
                    node.hasInterestingTags();
            }


            var action = function(graph, t) {
                if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) { t = 1; }
                t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);

                var nodes = allNodes(graph);
                var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                var startPoint = points[0];
                var endPoint = points[points.length-1];
                var toDelete = [];
                var i;

                for (i = 1; i < points.length-1; i++) {
                    var node = nodes[i];
                    var point = points[i];

                    if (t < 1 || shouldKeepNode(node, graph)) {
                        var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
                        var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
                        var loc2 = projection.invert(p);
                        graph = graph.replace(node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t)));

                    } else {
                        // safe to delete
                        if (toDelete.indexOf(node) === -1) {
                            toDelete.push(node);
                        }
                    }
                }

                for (i = 0; i < toDelete.length; i++) {
                    graph = actionDeleteNode(toDelete[i].id)(graph);
                }

                return graph;
            };


            action.disabled = function(graph) {
                // check way isn't too bendy
                var nodes = allNodes(graph);
                var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                var startPoint = points[0];
                var endPoint = points[points.length-1];
                var threshold = 0.2 * geoVecLength(startPoint, endPoint);
                var i;

                if (threshold === 0) {
                    return 'too_bendy';
                }

                var maxDistance = 0;

                for (i = 1; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
                    var point = points[i];
                    var u = positionAlongWay(point, startPoint, endPoint);
                    var p = geoVecInterp(startPoint, endPoint, u);
                    var dist = geoVecLength(p, point);

                    // to bendy if point is off by 20% of total start/end distance in projected space
                    if (isNaN(dist) || dist > threshold) {
                        return 'too_bendy';
                    } else if (dist > maxDistance) {
                        maxDistance = dist;
                    }
                }

                var keepingAllNodes = nodes.every(function(node, i) {
                    return i === 0 || i === nodes.length - 1 || shouldKeepNode(node, graph);
                });

                if (maxDistance < 0.0001 &&
                    // Allow straightening even if already straight in order to remove extraneous nodes
                    keepingAllNodes) {
                    return 'straight_enough';
                }
            };

            action.transitionable = true;


            return action;
        }

        // `actionUnrestrictTurn` deletes a turn restriction relation.
        //
        // `turn` must be an `osmTurn` object with a `restrictionID` property.
        // see osm/intersection.js, pathToTurn()
        //
        function actionUnrestrictTurn(turn) {
            return function(graph) {
                return actionDeleteRelation(turn.restrictionID)(graph);
            };
        }

        /* Reflect the given area around its axis of symmetry */
        function actionReflect(reflectIds, projection) {
            var _useLongAxis = true;


            var action = function(graph, t) {
                if (t === null || !isFinite(t)) { t = 1; }
                t = Math.min(Math.max(+t, 0), 1);

                var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(reflectIds, graph);
                var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                var ssr = geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle(points);

                // Choose line pq = axis of symmetry.
                // The shape's surrounding rectangle has 2 axes of symmetry.
                // Reflect across the longer axis by default.
                var p1 = [(ssr.poly[0][0] + ssr.poly[1][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[0][1] + ssr.poly[1][1]) / 2 ];
                var q1 = [(ssr.poly[2][0] + ssr.poly[3][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[2][1] + ssr.poly[3][1]) / 2 ];
                var p2 = [(ssr.poly[3][0] + ssr.poly[4][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[3][1] + ssr.poly[4][1]) / 2 ];
                var q2 = [(ssr.poly[1][0] + ssr.poly[2][0]) / 2, (ssr.poly[1][1] + ssr.poly[2][1]) / 2 ];
                var p, q;

                var isLong = (geoVecLength(p1, q1) > geoVecLength(p2, q2));
                if ((_useLongAxis && isLong) || (!_useLongAxis && !isLong)) {
                    p = p1;
                    q = q1;
                } else {
                    p = p2;
                    q = q2;
                }

                // reflect c across pq
                // http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/65503/point-reflection-over-a-line
                var dx = q[0] - p[0];
                var dy = q[1] - p[1];
                var a = (dx * dx - dy * dy) / (dx * dx + dy * dy);
                var b = 2 * dx * dy / (dx * dx + dy * dy);
                for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
                    var node = nodes[i];
                    var c = projection(node.loc);
                    var c2 = [
                        a * (c[0] - p[0]) + b * (c[1] - p[1]) + p[0],
                        b * (c[0] - p[0]) - a * (c[1] - p[1]) + p[1]
                    ];
                    var loc2 = projection.invert(c2);
                    node = node.move(geoVecInterp(node.loc, loc2, t));
                    graph = graph.replace(node);
                }

                return graph;
            };


            action.useLongAxis = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _useLongAxis; }
                _useLongAxis = val;
                return action;
            };


            action.transitionable = true;


            return action;
        }

        function actionUpgradeTags(entityId, oldTags, replaceTags) {

            return function(graph) {
                var entity = graph.entity(entityId);
                var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
                var transferValue;
                var semiIndex;

                for (var oldTagKey in oldTags) {
                    if (oldTags[oldTagKey] === '*') {
                        transferValue = tags[oldTagKey];
                        delete tags[oldTagKey];
                    } else {
                        var vals = tags[oldTagKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
                        var oldIndex = vals.indexOf(oldTags[oldTagKey]);
                        if (vals.length === 1 || oldIndex === -1) {
                            delete tags[oldTagKey];
                        } else {
                            if (replaceTags && replaceTags[oldTagKey]) {
                                // replacing a value within a semicolon-delimited value, note the index
                                semiIndex = oldIndex;
                            }
                            vals.splice(oldIndex, 1);
                            tags[oldTagKey] = vals.join(';');
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (replaceTags) {
                    for (var replaceKey in replaceTags) {
                        var replaceValue = replaceTags[replaceKey];
                        if (replaceValue === '*') {
                            if (tags[replaceKey] && tags[replaceKey] !== 'no') {
                                // allow any pre-existing value except `no` (troll tag)
                                continue;
                            } else {
                                // otherwise assume `yes` is okay
                                tags[replaceKey] = 'yes';
                            }
                        } else if (replaceValue === '$1') {
                            tags[replaceKey] = transferValue;
                        } else {
                            if (tags[replaceKey] && oldTags[replaceKey] && semiIndex !== undefined) {
                                // don't override preexisting values
                                var existingVals = tags[replaceKey].split(';').filter(Boolean);
                                if (existingVals.indexOf(replaceValue) === -1) {
                                    existingVals.splice(semiIndex, 0, replaceValue);
                                    tags[replaceKey] = existingVals.join(';');
                                }
                            } else {
                                tags[replaceKey] = replaceValue;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                return graph.replace(entity.update({ tags: tags }));
            };
        }

        function behaviorEdit(context) {

            function behavior() {
                context.map()
                    .minzoom(context.minEditableZoom());
            }


            behavior.off = function() {
                context.map()
                    .minzoom(0);
            };

            return behavior;
        }

        /*
           The hover behavior adds the `.hover` class on pointerover to all elements to which
           the identical datum is bound, and removes it on pointerout.

           The :hover pseudo-class is insufficient for iD's purposes because a datum's visual
           representation may consist of several elements scattered throughout the DOM hierarchy.
           Only one of these elements can have the :hover pseudo-class, but all of them will
           have the .hover class.
         */
        function behaviorHover(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('hover');
            var _selection = select(null);
            var _newNodeId = null;
            var _initialNodeID = null;
            var _altDisables;
            var _ignoreVertex;
            var _targets = [];

            // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
            var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';


            function keydown() {
                if (_altDisables && event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
                    _selection.selectAll('.hover')
                        .classed('hover-suppressed', true)
                        .classed('hover', false);

                    _selection
                        .classed('hover-disabled', true);

                    dispatch$1.call('hover', this, null);
                }
            }


            function keyup() {
                if (_altDisables && event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
                    _selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed')
                        .classed('hover-suppressed', false)
                        .classed('hover', true);

                    _selection
                        .classed('hover-disabled', false);

                    dispatch$1.call('hover', this, _targets);
                }
            }


            function behavior(selection) {
                _selection = selection;

                _targets = [];

                if (_initialNodeID) {
                    _newNodeId = _initialNodeID;
                    _initialNodeID = null;
                } else {
                    _newNodeId = null;
                }

                _selection
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.hover', pointerover)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.hover', pointerout)
                    // treat pointerdown as pointerover for touch devices
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.hover', pointerover);

                select(window)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.hover pointercancel.hover', pointerout, true)
                    .on('keydown.hover', keydown)
                    .on('keyup.hover', keyup);


                function eventTarget() {
                    var datum = event.target && event.target.__data__;
                    if (typeof datum !== 'object') { return null; }
                    if (!(datum instanceof osmEntity) && datum.properties && (datum.properties.entity instanceof osmEntity)) {
                        return datum.properties.entity;
                    }
                    return datum;
                }

                function pointerover() {
                    // ignore mouse hovers with buttons pressed unless dragging
                    if (context.mode().id.indexOf('drag') === -1 &&
                        (!event.pointerType || event.pointerType === 'mouse') &&
                        event.buttons) { return; }

                    var target = eventTarget();
                    if (target && _targets.indexOf(target) === -1) {
                        _targets.push(target);
                        updateHover(_targets);
                    }
                }

                function pointerout() {

                    var target = eventTarget();
                    var index = _targets.indexOf(target);
                    if (index !== -1) {
                        _targets.splice(index);
                        updateHover(_targets);
                    }
                }

                function allowsVertex(d) {
                    return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
                }

                function modeAllowsHover(target) {
                    var mode = context.mode();
                    if (mode.id === 'add-point') {
                        return mode.preset.matchGeometry('vertex') ||
                            (target.type !== 'way' && target.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex');
                    }
                    return true;
                }

                function updateHover(targets) {

                    _selection.selectAll('.hover')
                        .classed('hover', false);
                    _selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed')
                        .classed('hover-suppressed', false);

                    var mode = context.mode();

                    if (!_newNodeId && (mode.id === 'draw-line' || mode.id === 'draw-area')) {
                        var node = targets.find(function(target) {
                            return target instanceof osmEntity && target.type === 'node';
                        });
                        _newNodeId = node && node.id;
                    }

                    targets = targets.filter(function(datum) {
                        if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
                            // If drawing a way, don't hover on a node that was just placed. #3974
                            return datum.id !== _newNodeId &&
                                (datum.type !== 'node' || !_ignoreVertex || allowsVertex(datum)) &&
                                modeAllowsHover(datum);
                        }
                        return true;
                    });

                    var selector = '';

                    for (var i in targets) {
                        var datum = targets[i];

                        // What are we hovering over?
                        if (datum.__featurehash__) {
                            // hovering custom data
                            selector += ', .data' + datum.__featurehash__;

                        } else if (datum instanceof QAItem) {
                            selector += ', .' + datum.service + '.itemId-' + datum.id;

                        } else if (datum instanceof osmNote) {
                            selector += ', .note-' + datum.id;

                        } else if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
                            selector += ', .' + datum.id;
                            if (datum.type === 'relation') {
                                for (var j in datum.members) {
                                    selector += ', .' + datum.members[j].id;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    var suppressed = _altDisables && event && event.altKey;

                    if (selector.trim().length) {
                        // remove the first comma
                        selector = selector.slice(1);
                        _selection.selectAll(selector)
                            .classed(suppressed ? 'hover-suppressed' : 'hover', true);
                    }

                    dispatch$1.call('hover', this, !suppressed && targets);
                }
            }


            behavior.off = function(selection) {
                selection.selectAll('.hover')
                    .classed('hover', false);
                selection.selectAll('.hover-suppressed')
                    .classed('hover-suppressed', false);
                selection
                    .classed('hover-disabled', false);

                selection
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.hover', null)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.hover', null)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.hover', null);

                select(window)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.hover pointercancel.hover', null, true)
                    .on('keydown.hover', null)
                    .on('keyup.hover', null);
            };


            behavior.altDisables = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _altDisables; }
                _altDisables = val;
                return behavior;
            };

            behavior.ignoreVertex = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _ignoreVertex; }
                _ignoreVertex = val;
                return behavior;
            };

            behavior.initialNodeID = function(nodeId) {
                _initialNodeID = nodeId;
                return behavior;
            };

            return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        var _disableSpace = false;
        var _lastSpace = null;


        function behaviorDraw(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch(
                'move', 'down', 'downcancel', 'click', 'clickWay', 'clickNode', 'undo', 'cancel', 'finish'
            );

            var keybinding = utilKeybinding('draw');

            var _hover = behaviorHover(context)
                .altDisables(true)
                .ignoreVertex(true)
                .on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover);
            var _edit = behaviorEdit(context);

            var _closeTolerance = 4;
            var _tolerance = 12;
            var _mouseLeave = false;
            var _lastMouse = null;
            var _lastPointerUpEvent;

            var _downPointer;

            // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
            var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';


            // related code
            // - `mode/drag_node.js` `datum()`
            function datum() {
                var mode = context.mode();
                var isNote = mode && (mode.id.indexOf('note') !== -1);
                if (event.altKey || isNote) { return {}; }

                var element;
                if (event.type === 'keydown') {
                    element = _lastMouse && _lastMouse.target;
                } else {
                    element = event.target;
                }

                // When drawing, snap only to touch targets..
                // (this excludes area fills and active drawing elements)
                var d = element.__data__;
                return (d && d.properties && d.properties.target) ? d : {};
            }

            function pointerdown() {

                if (_downPointer) { return; }

                var pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(this);
                _downPointer = {
                    id: event.pointerId || 'mouse',
                    pointerLocGetter: pointerLocGetter,
                    downTime: +new Date(),
                    downLoc: pointerLocGetter(event)
                };

                dispatch$1.call('down', this, datum());
            }

            function pointerup() {

                if (!_downPointer || _downPointer.id !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) { return; }

                var downPointer = _downPointer;
                _downPointer = null;

                _lastPointerUpEvent = event;

                if (downPointer.isCancelled) { return; }

                var t2 = +new Date();
                var p2 = downPointer.pointerLocGetter(event);
                var dist = geoVecLength(downPointer.downLoc, p2);

                if (dist < _closeTolerance || (dist < _tolerance && (t2 - downPointer.downTime) < 500)) {
                    // Prevent a quick second click
                    select(window).on('click.draw-block', function() {
                        event.stopPropagation();
                    }, true);

                    context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(false);

                    window.setTimeout(function() {
                        context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
                        select(window).on('click.draw-block', null);
                    }, 500);

                    click(p2);
                }
            }

            function pointermove() {
                if (_downPointer &&
                    _downPointer.id === (event.pointerId || 'mouse') &&
                    !_downPointer.isCancelled) {
                    var p2 = _downPointer.pointerLocGetter(event);
                    var dist = geoVecLength(_downPointer.downLoc, p2);
                    if (dist >= _closeTolerance) {
                        _downPointer.isCancelled = true;
                        dispatch$1.call('downcancel', this);
                    }
                }

                if ((event.pointerType && event.pointerType !== 'mouse') ||
                    event.buttons ||
                    _downPointer) { return; }

                // HACK: Mobile Safari likes to send one or more `mouse` type pointermove
                // events immediately after non-mouse pointerup events; detect and ignore them.
                if (_lastPointerUpEvent &&
                    _lastPointerUpEvent.pointerType !== 'mouse' &&
                    event.timeStamp - _lastPointerUpEvent.timeStamp < 100) { return; }

                _lastMouse = event;
                dispatch$1.call('move', this, datum());
            }

            function pointercancel() {
                if (_downPointer &&
                    _downPointer.id === (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) {

                    if (!_downPointer.isCancelled) {
                        dispatch$1.call('downcancel', this);
                    }
                    _downPointer = null;
                }
            }

            function mouseenter() {
                _mouseLeave = false;
            }

            function mouseleave() {
                _mouseLeave = true;
            }

            function allowsVertex(d) {
                return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
            }

            // related code
            // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
            // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
            // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
            function click(loc) {
                var d = datum();
                var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;

                var mode = context.mode();

                if (target && target.type === 'node' && allowsVertex(target)) {   // Snap to a node
                    dispatch$1.call('clickNode', this, target, d);
                    return;

                } else if (target && target.type === 'way' && (mode.id !== 'add-point' || mode.preset.matchGeometry('vertex'))) {   // Snap to a way
                    var choice = geoChooseEdge(
                        context.graph().childNodes(target), loc, context.projection, context.activeID()
                    );
                    if (choice) {
                        var edge = [target.nodes[choice.index - 1], target.nodes[choice.index]];
                        dispatch$1.call('clickWay', this, choice.loc, edge, d);
                        return;
                    }
                } else if (mode.id !== 'add-point' || mode.preset.matchGeometry('point')) {
                    var locLatLng = context.projection.invert(loc);
                    dispatch$1.call('click', this, locLatLng, d);
                }

            }

            // treat a spacebar press like a click
            function space() {
                event.preventDefault();
                event.stopPropagation();

                var currSpace = context.map().mouse();
                if (_disableSpace && _lastSpace) {
                    var dist = geoVecLength(_lastSpace, currSpace);
                    if (dist > _tolerance) {
                        _disableSpace = false;
                    }
                }

                if (_disableSpace || _mouseLeave || !_lastMouse) { return; }

                // user must move mouse or release space bar to allow another click
                _lastSpace = currSpace;
                _disableSpace = true;

                select(window).on('keyup.space-block', function() {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    event.stopPropagation();
                    _disableSpace = false;
                    select(window).on('keyup.space-block', null);
                });

                // get the current mouse position
                var loc = context.map().mouse() ||
                    // or the map center if the mouse has never entered the map
                    context.projection(context.map().center());
                click(loc);
            }


            function backspace() {
                event.preventDefault();
                dispatch$1.call('undo');
            }


            function del() {
                event.preventDefault();
                dispatch$1.call('cancel');
            }


            function ret() {
                event.preventDefault();
                dispatch$1.call('finish');
            }


            function behavior(selection) {
                context.install(_hover);
                context.install(_edit);

                _downPointer = null;

                keybinding
                    .on('⌫', backspace)
                    .on('⌦', del)
                    .on('⎋', ret)
                    .on('↩', ret)
                    .on('space', space)
                    .on('⌥space', space);

                selection
                    .on('mouseenter.draw', mouseenter)
                    .on('mouseleave.draw', mouseleave)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.draw', pointerdown)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.draw', pointermove);

                select(window)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.draw', pointerup, true)
                    .on('pointercancel.draw', pointercancel, true);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding);

                return behavior;
            }


            behavior.off = function(selection) {
                context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
                context.uninstall(_hover);
                context.uninstall(_edit);

                selection
                    .on('mouseenter.draw', null)
                    .on('mouseleave.draw', null)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.draw', null)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.draw', null);

                select(window)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.draw', null)
                    .on('pointercancel.draw', null);
                    // note: keyup.space-block, click.draw-block should remain

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding.unbind);
            };


            behavior.hover = function() {
                return _hover;
            };


            return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function initRange(domain, range) {
          switch (arguments.length) {
            case 0: break;
            case 1: this.range(domain); break;
            default: this.range(range).domain(domain); break;
          }
          return this;
        }

        var prefix = "$";

        function Map$1() {}

        Map$1.prototype = map$2.prototype = {
          constructor: Map$1,
          has: function(key) {
            return (prefix + key) in this;
          },
          get: function(key) {
            return this[prefix + key];
          },
          set: function(key, value) {
            this[prefix + key] = value;
            return this;
          },
          remove: function(key) {
            var property = prefix + key;
            return property in this && delete this[property];
          },
          clear: function() {
            for (var property in this) { if (property[0] === prefix) { delete this[property]; } }
          },
          keys: function() {
            var keys = [];
            for (var property in this) { if (property[0] === prefix) { keys.push(property.slice(1)); } }
            return keys;
          },
          values: function() {
            var values = [];
            for (var property in this) { if (property[0] === prefix) { values.push(this[property]); } }
            return values;
          },
          entries: function() {
            var entries = [];
            for (var property in this) { if (property[0] === prefix) { entries.push({key: property.slice(1), value: this[property]}); } }
            return entries;
          },
          size: function() {
            var size = 0;
            for (var property in this) { if (property[0] === prefix) { ++size; } }
            return size;
          },
          empty: function() {
            for (var property in this) { if (property[0] === prefix) { return false; } }
            return true;
          },
          each: function(f) {
            for (var property in this) { if (property[0] === prefix) { f(this[property], property.slice(1), this); } }
          }
        };

        function map$2(object, f) {
          var map = new Map$1;

          // Copy constructor.
          if (object instanceof Map$1) { object.each(function(value, key) { map.set(key, value); }); }

          // Index array by numeric index or specified key function.
          else if (Array.isArray(object)) {
            var i = -1,
                n = object.length,
                o;

            if (f == null) { while (++i < n) { map.set(i, object[i]); } }
            else { while (++i < n) { map.set(f(o = object[i], i, object), o); } }
          }

          // Convert object to map.
          else if (object) { for (var key in object) { map.set(key, object[key]); } }

          return map;
        }

        function Set$1() {}

        var proto = map$2.prototype;

        Set$1.prototype = set$2.prototype = {
          constructor: Set$1,
          has: proto.has,
          add: function(value) {
            value += "";
            this[prefix + value] = value;
            return this;
          },
          remove: proto.remove,
          clear: proto.clear,
          values: proto.keys,
          size: proto.size,
          empty: proto.empty,
          each: proto.each
        };

        function set$2(object, f) {
          var set = new Set$1;

          // Copy constructor.
          if (object instanceof Set$1) { object.each(function(value) { set.add(value); }); }

          // Otherwise, assume it’s an array.
          else if (object) {
            var i = -1, n = object.length;
            if (f == null) { while (++i < n) { set.add(object[i]); } }
            else { while (++i < n) { set.add(f(object[i], i, object)); } }
          }

          return set;
        }

        var array$1 = Array.prototype;

        var map$3 = array$1.map;
        var slice$4 = array$1.slice;

        function constant$4(x) {
          return function() {
            return x;
          };
        }

        function number$1(x) {
          return +x;
        }

        var unit = [0, 1];

        function identity$3(x) {
          return x;
        }

        function normalize(a, b) {
          return (b -= (a = +a))
              ? function(x) { return (x - a) / b; }
              : constant$4(isNaN(b) ? NaN : 0.5);
        }

        function clamper(domain) {
          var a = domain[0], b = domain[domain.length - 1], t;
          if (a > b) { t = a, a = b, b = t; }
          return function(x) { return Math.max(a, Math.min(b, x)); };
        }

        // normalize(a, b)(x) takes a domain value x in [a,b] and returns the corresponding parameter t in [0,1].
        // interpolate(a, b)(t) takes a parameter t in [0,1] and returns the corresponding range value x in [a,b].
        function bimap(domain, range, interpolate) {
          var d0 = domain[0], d1 = domain[1], r0 = range[0], r1 = range[1];
          if (d1 < d0) { d0 = normalize(d1, d0), r0 = interpolate(r1, r0); }
          else { d0 = normalize(d0, d1), r0 = interpolate(r0, r1); }
          return function(x) { return r0(d0(x)); };
        }

        function polymap(domain, range, interpolate) {
          var j = Math.min(domain.length, range.length) - 1,
              d = new Array(j),
              r = new Array(j),
              i = -1;

          // Reverse descending domains.
          if (domain[j] < domain[0]) {
            domain = domain.slice().reverse();
            range = range.slice().reverse();
          }

          while (++i < j) {
            d[i] = normalize(domain[i], domain[i + 1]);
            r[i] = interpolate(range[i], range[i + 1]);
          }

          return function(x) {
            var i = bisectRight(domain, x, 1, j) - 1;
            return r[i](d[i](x));
          };
        }

        function copy$1(source, target) {
          return target
              .domain(source.domain())
              .range(source.range())
              .interpolate(source.interpolate())
              .clamp(source.clamp())
              .unknown(source.unknown());
        }

        function transformer$1() {
          var domain = unit,
              range = unit,
              interpolate$1 = interpolate,
              transform,
              untransform,
              unknown,
              clamp = identity$3,
              piecewise,
              output,
              input;

          function rescale() {
            piecewise = Math.min(domain.length, range.length) > 2 ? polymap : bimap;
            output = input = null;
            return scale;
          }

          function scale(x) {
            return isNaN(x = +x) ? unknown : (output || (output = piecewise(domain.map(transform), range, interpolate$1)))(transform(clamp(x)));
          }

          scale.invert = function(y) {
            return clamp(untransform((input || (input = piecewise(range, domain.map(transform), d3_interpolateNumber)))(y)));
          };

          scale.domain = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (domain = map$3.call(_, number$1), clamp === identity$3 || (clamp = clamper(domain)), rescale()) : domain.slice();
          };

          scale.range = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (range = slice$4.call(_), rescale()) : range.slice();
          };

          scale.rangeRound = function(_) {
            return range = slice$4.call(_), interpolate$1 = interpolateRound, rescale();
          };

          scale.clamp = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (clamp = _ ? clamper(domain) : identity$3, scale) : clamp !== identity$3;
          };

          scale.interpolate = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (interpolate$1 = _, rescale()) : interpolate$1;
          };

          scale.unknown = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (unknown = _, scale) : unknown;
          };

          return function(t, u) {
            transform = t, untransform = u;
            return rescale();
          };
        }

        function continuous(transform, untransform) {
          return transformer$1()(transform, untransform);
        }

        // Computes the decimal coefficient and exponent of the specified number x with
        // significant digits p, where x is positive and p is in [1, 21] or undefined.
        // For example, formatDecimal(1.23) returns ["123", 0].
        function formatDecimal(x, p) {
          if ((i = (x = p ? x.toExponential(p - 1) : x.toExponential()).indexOf("e")) < 0) { return null; } // NaN, ±Infinity
          var i, coefficient = x.slice(0, i);

          // The string returned by toExponential either has the form \d\.\d+e[-+]\d+
          // (e.g., 1.2e+3) or the form \de[-+]\d+ (e.g., 1e+3).
          return [
            coefficient.length > 1 ? coefficient[0] + coefficient.slice(2) : coefficient,
            +x.slice(i + 1)
          ];
        }

        function exponent(x) {
          return x = formatDecimal(Math.abs(x)), x ? x[1] : NaN;
        }

        function formatGroup(grouping, thousands) {
          return function(value, width) {
            var i = value.length,
                t = [],
                j = 0,
                g = grouping[0],
                length = 0;

            while (i > 0 && g > 0) {
              if (length + g + 1 > width) { g = Math.max(1, width - length); }
              t.push(value.substring(i -= g, i + g));
              if ((length += g + 1) > width) { break; }
              g = grouping[j = (j + 1) % grouping.length];
            }

            return t.reverse().join(thousands);
          };
        }

        function formatNumerals(numerals) {
          return function(value) {
            return value.replace(/[0-9]/g, function(i) {
              return numerals[+i];
            });
          };
        }

        // [[fill]align][sign][symbol][0][width][,][.precision][~][type]
        var re = /^(?:(.)?([<>=^]))?([+\-( ])?([$#])?(0)?(\d+)?(,)?(\.\d+)?(~)?([a-z%])?$/i;

        function formatSpecifier(specifier) {
          if (!(match = re.exec(specifier))) { throw new Error("invalid format: " + specifier); }
          var match;
          return new FormatSpecifier({
            fill: match[1],
            align: match[2],
            sign: match[3],
            symbol: match[4],
            zero: match[5],
            width: match[6],
            comma: match[7],
            precision: match[8] && match[8].slice(1),
            trim: match[9],
            type: match[10]
          });
        }

        formatSpecifier.prototype = FormatSpecifier.prototype; // instanceof

        function FormatSpecifier(specifier) {
          this.fill = specifier.fill === undefined ? " " : specifier.fill + "";
          this.align = specifier.align === undefined ? ">" : specifier.align + "";
          this.sign = specifier.sign === undefined ? "-" : specifier.sign + "";
          this.symbol = specifier.symbol === undefined ? "" : specifier.symbol + "";
          this.zero = !!specifier.zero;
          this.width = specifier.width === undefined ? undefined : +specifier.width;
          this.comma = !!specifier.comma;
          this.precision = specifier.precision === undefined ? undefined : +specifier.precision;
          this.trim = !!specifier.trim;
          this.type = specifier.type === undefined ? "" : specifier.type + "";
        }

        FormatSpecifier.prototype.toString = function() {
          return this.fill
              + this.align
              + this.sign
              + this.symbol
              + (this.zero ? "0" : "")
              + (this.width === undefined ? "" : Math.max(1, this.width | 0))
              + (this.comma ? "," : "")
              + (this.precision === undefined ? "" : "." + Math.max(0, this.precision | 0))
              + (this.trim ? "~" : "")
              + this.type;
        };

        // Trims insignificant zeros, e.g., replaces 1.2000k with 1.2k.
        function formatTrim(s) {
          out: for (var n = s.length, i = 1, i0 = -1, i1; i < n; ++i) {
            switch (s[i]) {
              case ".": i0 = i1 = i; break;
              case "0": if (i0 === 0) { i0 = i; } i1 = i; break;
              default: if (!+s[i]) { break out; } if (i0 > 0) { i0 = 0; } break;
            }
          }
          return i0 > 0 ? s.slice(0, i0) + s.slice(i1 + 1) : s;
        }

        var prefixExponent;

        function formatPrefixAuto(x, p) {
          var d = formatDecimal(x, p);
          if (!d) { return x + ""; }
          var coefficient = d[0],
              exponent = d[1],
              i = exponent - (prefixExponent = Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent / 3))) * 3) + 1,
              n = coefficient.length;
          return i === n ? coefficient
              : i > n ? coefficient + new Array(i - n + 1).join("0")
              : i > 0 ? coefficient.slice(0, i) + "." + coefficient.slice(i)
              : "0." + new Array(1 - i).join("0") + formatDecimal(x, Math.max(0, p + i - 1))[0]; // less than 1y!
        }

        function formatRounded(x, p) {
          var d = formatDecimal(x, p);
          if (!d) { return x + ""; }
          var coefficient = d[0],
              exponent = d[1];
          return exponent < 0 ? "0." + new Array(-exponent).join("0") + coefficient
              : coefficient.length > exponent + 1 ? coefficient.slice(0, exponent + 1) + "." + coefficient.slice(exponent + 1)
              : coefficient + new Array(exponent - coefficient.length + 2).join("0");
        }

        var formatTypes = {
          "%": function(x, p) { return (x * 100).toFixed(p); },
          "b": function(x) { return Math.round(x).toString(2); },
          "c": function(x) { return x + ""; },
          "d": function(x) { return Math.round(x).toString(10); },
          "e": function(x, p) { return x.toExponential(p); },
          "f": function(x, p) { return x.toFixed(p); },
          "g": function(x, p) { return x.toPrecision(p); },
          "o": function(x) { return Math.round(x).toString(8); },
          "p": function(x, p) { return formatRounded(x * 100, p); },
          "r": formatRounded,
          "s": formatPrefixAuto,
          "X": function(x) { return Math.round(x).toString(16).toUpperCase(); },
          "x": function(x) { return Math.round(x).toString(16); }
        };

        function identity$4(x) {
          return x;
        }

        var map$4 = Array.prototype.map,
            prefixes = ["y","z","a","f","p","n","µ","m","","k","M","G","T","P","E","Z","Y"];

        function formatLocale(locale) {
          var group = locale.grouping === undefined || locale.thousands === undefined ? identity$4 : formatGroup(map$4.call(locale.grouping, Number), locale.thousands + ""),
              currencyPrefix = locale.currency === undefined ? "" : locale.currency[0] + "",
              currencySuffix = locale.currency === undefined ? "" : locale.currency[1] + "",
              decimal = locale.decimal === undefined ? "." : locale.decimal + "",
              numerals = locale.numerals === undefined ? identity$4 : formatNumerals(map$4.call(locale.numerals, String)),
              percent = locale.percent === undefined ? "%" : locale.percent + "",
              minus = locale.minus === undefined ? "-" : locale.minus + "",
              nan = locale.nan === undefined ? "NaN" : locale.nan + "";

          function newFormat(specifier) {
            specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier);

            var fill = specifier.fill,
                align = specifier.align,
                sign = specifier.sign,
                symbol = specifier.symbol,
                zero = specifier.zero,
                width = specifier.width,
                comma = specifier.comma,
                precision = specifier.precision,
                trim = specifier.trim,
                type = specifier.type;

            // The "n" type is an alias for ",g".
            if (type === "n") { comma = true, type = "g"; }

            // The "" type, and any invalid type, is an alias for ".12~g".
            else if (!formatTypes[type]) { precision === undefined && (precision = 12), trim = true, type = "g"; }

            // If zero fill is specified, padding goes after sign and before digits.
            if (zero || (fill === "0" && align === "=")) { zero = true, fill = "0", align = "="; }

            // Compute the prefix and suffix.
            // For SI-prefix, the suffix is lazily computed.
            var prefix = symbol === "$" ? currencyPrefix : symbol === "#" && /[boxX]/.test(type) ? "0" + type.toLowerCase() : "",
                suffix = symbol === "$" ? currencySuffix : /[%p]/.test(type) ? percent : "";

            // What format function should we use?
            // Is this an integer type?
            // Can this type generate exponential notation?
            var formatType = formatTypes[type],
                maybeSuffix = /[defgprs%]/.test(type);

            // Set the default precision if not specified,
            // or clamp the specified precision to the supported range.
            // For significant precision, it must be in [1, 21].
            // For fixed precision, it must be in [0, 20].
            precision = precision === undefined ? 6
                : /[gprs]/.test(type) ? Math.max(1, Math.min(21, precision))
                : Math.max(0, Math.min(20, precision));

            function format(value) {
              var valuePrefix = prefix,
                  valueSuffix = suffix,
                  i, n, c;

              if (type === "c") {
                valueSuffix = formatType(value) + valueSuffix;
                value = "";
              } else {
                value = +value;

                // Determine the sign. -0 is not less than 0, but 1 / -0 is!
                var valueNegative = value < 0 || 1 / value < 0;

                // Perform the initial formatting.
                value = isNaN(value) ? nan : formatType(Math.abs(value), precision);

                // Trim insignificant zeros.
                if (trim) { value = formatTrim(value); }

                // If a negative value rounds to zero after formatting, and no explicit positive sign is requested, hide the sign.
                if (valueNegative && +value === 0 && sign !== "+") { valueNegative = false; }

                // Compute the prefix and suffix.
                valuePrefix = (valueNegative ? (sign === "(" ? sign : minus) : sign === "-" || sign === "(" ? "" : sign) + valuePrefix;
                valueSuffix = (type === "s" ? prefixes[8 + prefixExponent / 3] : "") + valueSuffix + (valueNegative && sign === "(" ? ")" : "");

                // Break the formatted value into the integer “value” part that can be
                // grouped, and fractional or exponential “suffix” part that is not.
                if (maybeSuffix) {
                  i = -1, n = value.length;
                  while (++i < n) {
                    if (c = value.charCodeAt(i), 48 > c || c > 57) {
                      valueSuffix = (c === 46 ? decimal + value.slice(i + 1) : value.slice(i)) + valueSuffix;
                      value = value.slice(0, i);
                      break;
                    }
                  }
                }
              }

              // If the fill character is not "0", grouping is applied before padding.
              if (comma && !zero) { value = group(value, Infinity); }

              // Compute the padding.
              var length = valuePrefix.length + value.length + valueSuffix.length,
                  padding = length < width ? new Array(width - length + 1).join(fill) : "";

              // If the fill character is "0", grouping is applied after padding.
              if (comma && zero) { value = group(padding + value, padding.length ? width - valueSuffix.length : Infinity), padding = ""; }

              // Reconstruct the final output based on the desired alignment.
              switch (align) {
                case "<": value = valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix + padding; break;
                case "=": value = valuePrefix + padding + value + valueSuffix; break;
                case "^": value = padding.slice(0, length = padding.length >> 1) + valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix + padding.slice(length); break;
                default: value = padding + valuePrefix + value + valueSuffix; break;
              }

              return numerals(value);
            }

            format.toString = function() {
              return specifier + "";
            };

            return format;
          }

          function formatPrefix(specifier, value) {
            var f = newFormat((specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier), specifier.type = "f", specifier)),
                e = Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent(value) / 3))) * 3,
                k = Math.pow(10, -e),
                prefix = prefixes[8 + e / 3];
            return function(value) {
              return f(k * value) + prefix;
            };
          }

          return {
            format: newFormat,
            formatPrefix: formatPrefix
          };
        }

        var locale;
        var format;
        var formatPrefix;

        defaultLocale({
          decimal: ".",
          thousands: ",",
          grouping: [3],
          currency: ["$", ""],
          minus: "-"
        });

        function defaultLocale(definition) {
          locale = formatLocale(definition);
          format = locale.format;
          formatPrefix = locale.formatPrefix;
          return locale;
        }

        function precisionFixed(step) {
          return Math.max(0, -exponent(Math.abs(step)));
        }

        function precisionPrefix(step, value) {
          return Math.max(0, Math.max(-8, Math.min(8, Math.floor(exponent(value) / 3))) * 3 - exponent(Math.abs(step)));
        }

        function precisionRound(step, max) {
          step = Math.abs(step), max = Math.abs(max) - step;
          return Math.max(0, exponent(max) - exponent(step)) + 1;
        }

        function tickFormat(start, stop, count, specifier) {
          var step = tickStep(start, stop, count),
              precision;
          specifier = formatSpecifier(specifier == null ? ",f" : specifier);
          switch (specifier.type) {
            case "s": {
              var value = Math.max(Math.abs(start), Math.abs(stop));
              if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionPrefix(step, value))) { specifier.precision = precision; }
              return formatPrefix(specifier, value);
            }
            case "":
            case "e":
            case "g":
            case "p":
            case "r": {
              if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionRound(step, Math.max(Math.abs(start), Math.abs(stop))))) { specifier.precision = precision - (specifier.type === "e"); }
              break;
            }
            case "f":
            case "%": {
              if (specifier.precision == null && !isNaN(precision = precisionFixed(step))) { specifier.precision = precision - (specifier.type === "%") * 2; }
              break;
            }
          }
          return format(specifier);
        }

        function linearish(scale) {
          var domain = scale.domain;

          scale.ticks = function(count) {
            var d = domain();
            return ticks(d[0], d[d.length - 1], count == null ? 10 : count);
          };

          scale.tickFormat = function(count, specifier) {
            var d = domain();
            return tickFormat(d[0], d[d.length - 1], count == null ? 10 : count, specifier);
          };

          scale.nice = function(count) {
            if (count == null) { count = 10; }

            var d = domain(),
                i0 = 0,
                i1 = d.length - 1,
                start = d[i0],
                stop = d[i1],
                step;

            if (stop < start) {
              step = start, start = stop, stop = step;
              step = i0, i0 = i1, i1 = step;
            }

            step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count);

            if (step > 0) {
              start = Math.floor(start / step) * step;
              stop = Math.ceil(stop / step) * step;
              step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count);
            } else if (step < 0) {
              start = Math.ceil(start * step) / step;
              stop = Math.floor(stop * step) / step;
              step = tickIncrement(start, stop, count);
            }

            if (step > 0) {
              d[i0] = Math.floor(start / step) * step;
              d[i1] = Math.ceil(stop / step) * step;
              domain(d);
            } else if (step < 0) {
              d[i0] = Math.ceil(start * step) / step;
              d[i1] = Math.floor(stop * step) / step;
              domain(d);
            }

            return scale;
          };

          return scale;
        }

        function linear$2() {
          var scale = continuous(identity$3, identity$3);

          scale.copy = function() {
            return copy$1(scale, linear$2());
          };

          initRange.apply(scale, arguments);

          return linearish(scale);
        }

        function quantize() {
          var x0 = 0,
              x1 = 1,
              n = 1,
              domain = [0.5],
              range = [0, 1],
              unknown;

          function scale(x) {
            return x <= x ? range[bisectRight(domain, x, 0, n)] : unknown;
          }

          function rescale() {
            var i = -1;
            domain = new Array(n);
            while (++i < n) { domain[i] = ((i + 1) * x1 - (i - n) * x0) / (n + 1); }
            return scale;
          }

          scale.domain = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (x0 = +_[0], x1 = +_[1], rescale()) : [x0, x1];
          };

          scale.range = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (n = (range = slice$4.call(_)).length - 1, rescale()) : range.slice();
          };

          scale.invertExtent = function(y) {
            var i = range.indexOf(y);
            return i < 0 ? [NaN, NaN]
                : i < 1 ? [x0, domain[0]]
                : i >= n ? [domain[n - 1], x1]
                : [domain[i - 1], domain[i]];
          };

          scale.unknown = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (unknown = _, scale) : scale;
          };

          scale.thresholds = function() {
            return domain.slice();
          };

          scale.copy = function() {
            return quantize()
                .domain([x0, x1])
                .range(range)
                .unknown(unknown);
          };

          return initRange.apply(linearish(scale), arguments);
        }

        function behaviorBreathe() {
            var duration = 800;
            var steps = 4;
            var selector = '.selected.shadow, .selected .shadow';
            var _selected = select(null);
            var _classed = '';
            var _params = {};
            var _done = false;
            var _timer;


            function ratchetyInterpolator(a, b, steps, units) {
                a = parseFloat(a);
                b = parseFloat(b);
                var sample = quantize()
                    .domain([0, 1])
                    .range(d3_quantize(d3_interpolateNumber(a, b), steps));

                return function(t) {
                    return String(sample(t)) + (units || '');
                };
            }


            function reset(selection) {
                selection
                    .style('stroke-opacity', null)
                    .style('stroke-width', null)
                    .style('fill-opacity', null)
                    .style('r', null);
            }


            function setAnimationParams(transition, fromTo) {
                var toFrom = (fromTo === 'from' ? 'to' : 'from');

                transition
                    .styleTween('stroke-opacity', function(d) {
                        return ratchetyInterpolator(
                            _params[d.id][toFrom].opacity,
                            _params[d.id][fromTo].opacity,
                            steps
                        );
                    })
                    .styleTween('stroke-width', function(d) {
                        return ratchetyInterpolator(
                            _params[d.id][toFrom].width,
                            _params[d.id][fromTo].width,
                            steps,
                            'px'
                        );
                    })
                    .styleTween('fill-opacity', function(d) {
                        return ratchetyInterpolator(
                            _params[d.id][toFrom].opacity,
                            _params[d.id][fromTo].opacity,
                            steps
                        );
                    })
                    .styleTween('r', function(d) {
                        return ratchetyInterpolator(
                            _params[d.id][toFrom].width,
                            _params[d.id][fromTo].width,
                            steps,
                            'px'
                        );
                    });
            }


            function calcAnimationParams(selection) {
                selection
                    .call(reset)
                    .each(function(d) {
                        var s = select(this);
                        var tag = s.node().tagName;
                        var p = {'from': {}, 'to': {}};
                        var opacity;
                        var width;

                        // determine base opacity and width
                        if (tag === 'circle') {
                            opacity = parseFloat(s.style('fill-opacity') || 0.5);
                            width = parseFloat(s.style('r') || 15.5);
                        } else {
                            opacity = parseFloat(s.style('stroke-opacity') || 0.7);
                            width = parseFloat(s.style('stroke-width') || 10);
                        }

                        // calculate from/to interpolation params..
                        p.tag = tag;
                        p.from.opacity = opacity * 0.6;
                        p.to.opacity = opacity * 1.25;
                        p.from.width = width * 0.7;
                        p.to.width = width * (tag === 'circle' ? 1.5 : 1);
                        _params[d.id] = p;
                    });
            }


            function run(surface, fromTo) {
                var toFrom = (fromTo === 'from' ? 'to' : 'from');
                var currSelected = surface.selectAll(selector);
                var currClassed = surface.attr('class');

                if (_done || currSelected.empty()) {
                    _selected.call(reset);
                    _selected = select(null);
                    return;
                }

                if (!fastDeepEqual(currSelected.data(), _selected.data()) || currClassed !== _classed) {
                    _selected.call(reset);
                    _classed = currClassed;
                    _selected = currSelected.call(calcAnimationParams);
                }

                var didCallNextRun = false;

                _selected
                    .transition()
                    .duration(duration)
                    .call(setAnimationParams, fromTo)
                    .on('end', function() {
                        // `end` event is called for each selected element, but we want
                        // it to run only once
                        if (!didCallNextRun) {
                            surface.call(run, toFrom);
                            didCallNextRun = true;
                        }

                        // if entity was deselected, remove breathe styling
                        if (!select(this).classed('selected')) {
                            reset(select(this));
                        }
                    });
            }

            function behavior(surface) {
                _done = false;
                _timer = timer(function() {
                    // wait for elements to actually become selected
                    if (surface.selectAll(selector).empty()) {
                        return false;
                    }

                    surface.call(run, 'from');
                    _timer.stop();
                    return true;
                }, 20);
            }

            behavior.restartIfNeeded = function(surface) {
                if (_selected.empty()) {
                    surface.call(run, 'from');
                    if (_timer) {
                        _timer.stop();
                    }
                }
            };

            behavior.off = function() {
                _done = true;
                if (_timer) {
                    _timer.stop();
                }
                _selected
                    .interrupt()
                    .call(reset);
            };


            return behavior;
        }

        /* Creates a keybinding behavior for an operation */
        function behaviorOperation(context) {
            var _operation;

            function keypress() {
                // prevent operations during low zoom selection
                if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) { return; }

                if (_operation.availableForKeypress && !_operation.availableForKeypress()) { return; }

                event.preventDefault();

                var disabled = _operation.disabled();

                if (disabled) {
                    context.ui().flash
                        .duration(4000)
                        .iconName('#iD-operation-' + _operation.id)
                        .iconClass('operation disabled')
                        .text(_operation.tooltip)();

                } else {
                    context.ui().flash
                        .duration(2000)
                        .iconName('#iD-operation-' + _operation.id)
                        .iconClass('operation')
                        .text(_operation.annotation() || _operation.title)();

                    if (_operation.point) { _operation.point(null); }
                    _operation();
                }
            }


            function behavior() {
                if (_operation && _operation.available()) {
                    context.keybinding()
                        .on(_operation.keys, keypress);
                }

                return behavior;
            }


            behavior.off = function() {
                context.keybinding()
                    .off(_operation.keys);
            };


            behavior.which = function (_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _operation; }
                _operation = _;
                return behavior;
            };


            return behavior;
        }

        function operationCircularize(context, selectedIDs) {
            var _extent;
            var _actions = selectedIDs.map(getAction).filter(Boolean);
            var _amount = _actions.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
            var _coords = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph())
                .map(function(n) { return n.loc; });

            function getAction(entityID) {

                var entity = context.entity(entityID);

                if (entity.type !== 'way' || new Set(entity.nodes).size <= 1) { return null; }

                if (!_extent) {
                    _extent =  entity.extent(context.graph());
                } else {
                    _extent = _extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
                }

                return actionCircularize(entityID, context.projection);
            }

            var operation = function() {
                if (!_actions.length) { return; }

                var combinedAction = function(graph, t) {
                    _actions.forEach(function(action) {
                        if (!action.disabled(graph)) {
                            graph = action(graph, t);
                        }
                    });
                    return graph;
                };
                combinedAction.transitionable = true;

                context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());

                window.setTimeout(function() {
                    context.validator().validate();
                }, 300);  // after any transition
            };


            operation.available = function() {
                return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
            };


            // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
            operation.disabled = function() {
                if (!_actions.length) { return ''; }

                var actionDisableds = _actions.map(function(action) {
                    return action.disabled(context.graph());
                }).filter(Boolean);

                if (actionDisableds.length === _actions.length) {
                    // none of the features can be circularized

                    if (new Set(actionDisableds).size > 1) {
                        return 'multiple_blockers';
                    }
                    return actionDisableds[0];
                } else if (_extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
                    return 'too_large';
                } else if (someMissing()) {
                    return 'not_downloaded';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
                    return 'connected_to_hidden';
                }

                return false;


                function someMissing() {
                    if (context.inIntro()) { return false; }
                    var osm = context.connection();
                    if (osm) {
                        var missing = _coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
                        if (missing.length) {
                            missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                return disable ?
                    _t('operations.circularize.' + disable + '.' + _amount) :
                    _t('operations.circularize.description.' + _amount);
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return _t('operations.circularize.annotation.' + _amount);
            };


            operation.id = 'circularize';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.circularize.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.circularize.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        // Translate a MacOS key command into the appropriate Windows/Linux equivalent.
        // For example, ⌘Z -> Ctrl+Z
        var uiCmd = function (code) {
            var detected = utilDetect();

            if (detected.os === 'mac') {
                return code;
            }

            if (detected.os === 'win') {
                if (code === '⌘⇧Z') { return 'Ctrl+Y'; }
            }

            var result = '',
                replacements = {
                    '⌘': 'Ctrl',
                    '⇧': 'Shift',
                    '⌥': 'Alt',
                    '⌫': 'Backspace',
                    '⌦': 'Delete'
                };

            for (var i = 0; i < code.length; i++) {
                if (code[i] in replacements) {
                    result += replacements[code[i]] + (i < code.length - 1 ? '+' : '');
                } else {
                    result += code[i];
                }
            }

            return result;
        };


        // return a display-focused string for a given keyboard code
        uiCmd.display = function(code) {
            if (code.length !== 1) { return code; }

            var detected = utilDetect();
            var mac = (detected.os === 'mac');
            var replacements = {
                '⌘': mac ? '⌘ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.cmd')    : _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl'),
                '⇧': mac ? '⇧ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.shift')  : _t('shortcuts.key.shift'),
                '⌥': mac ? '⌥ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.option') : _t('shortcuts.key.alt'),
                '⌃': mac ? '⌃ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl')   : _t('shortcuts.key.ctrl'),
                '⌫': mac ? '⌫ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.delete') : _t('shortcuts.key.backspace'),
                '⌦': mac ? '⌦ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.del')    : _t('shortcuts.key.del'),
                '↖': mac ? '↖ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.pgup')   : _t('shortcuts.key.pgup'),
                '↘': mac ? '↘ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.pgdn')   : _t('shortcuts.key.pgdn'),
                '⇞': mac ? '⇞ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.home')   : _t('shortcuts.key.home'),
                '⇟': mac ? '⇟ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.end')    : _t('shortcuts.key.end'),
                '↵': mac ? '⏎ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.return') : _t('shortcuts.key.enter'),
                '⎋': mac ? '⎋ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.esc')    : _t('shortcuts.key.esc'),
                '☰': mac ? '☰ ' + _t('shortcuts.key.menu')  : _t('shortcuts.key.menu'),
            };

            return replacements[code] || code;
        };

        function operationDelete(context, selectedIDs) {
            var multi = (selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
            var action = actionDeleteMultiple(selectedIDs);
            var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
            var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
            var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());


            var operation = function() {
                var nextSelectedID;
                var nextSelectedLoc;

                if (selectedIDs.length === 1) {
                    var id = selectedIDs[0];
                    var entity = context.entity(id);
                    var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
                    var parents = context.graph().parentWays(entity);
                    var parent = parents[0];

                    // Select the next closest node in the way.
                    if (geometry === 'vertex') {
                        var nodes = parent.nodes;
                        var i = nodes.indexOf(id);

                        if (i === 0) {
                            i++;
                        } else if (i === nodes.length - 1) {
                            i--;
                        } else {
                            var a = geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i - 1]).loc);
                            var b = geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, context.entity(nodes[i + 1]).loc);
                            i = a < b ? i - 1 : i + 1;
                        }

                        nextSelectedID = nodes[i];
                        nextSelectedLoc = context.entity(nextSelectedID).loc;
                    }
                }

                context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
                context.validator().validate();

                if (nextSelectedID && nextSelectedLoc) {
                    if (context.hasEntity(nextSelectedID)) {
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, [nextSelectedID]).follow(true));
                    } else {
                        context.map().centerEase(nextSelectedLoc);
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    }
                } else {
                    context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                }

            };


            operation.available = function() {
                return true;
            };


            operation.disabled = function() {
                if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
                    return 'too_large';
                } else if (someMissing()) {
                    return 'not_downloaded';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
                    return 'connected_to_hidden';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(protectedMember)) {
                    return 'part_of_relation';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
                    return 'incomplete_relation';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(hasWikidataTag)) {
                    return 'has_wikidata_tag';
                }

                return false;


                function someMissing() {
                    if (context.inIntro()) { return false; }
                    var osm = context.connection();
                    if (osm) {
                        var missing = coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
                        if (missing.length) {
                            missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }

                function hasWikidataTag(id) {
                    var entity = context.entity(id);
                    return entity.tags.wikidata && entity.tags.wikidata.trim().length > 0;
                }

                function incompleteRelation(id) {
                    var entity = context.entity(id);
                    return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
                }

                function protectedMember(id) {
                    var entity = context.entity(id);
                    if (entity.type !== 'way') { return false; }

                    var parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
                    for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
                        var parent = parents[i];
                        var type = parent.tags.type;
                        var role = parent.memberById(id).role || 'outer';
                        if (type === 'route' || type === 'boundary' || (type === 'multipolygon' && role === 'outer')) {
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                return disable ?
                    _t('operations.delete.' + disable + '.' + multi) :
                    _t('operations.delete.description' + '.' + multi);
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return selectedIDs.length === 1 ?
                    _t('operations.delete.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) :
                    _t('operations.delete.annotation.multiple', { n: selectedIDs.length });
            };


            operation.id = 'delete';
            operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘⌫'), uiCmd('⌘⌦'), uiCmd('⌦')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.delete.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        function operationOrthogonalize(context, selectedIDs) {
            var _extent;
            var _type;
            var _actions = selectedIDs.map(chooseAction).filter(Boolean);
            var _amount = _actions.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
            var _coords = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph())
                .map(function(n) { return n.loc; });


            function chooseAction(entityID) {

                var entity = context.entity(entityID);
                var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());

                if (!_extent) {
                    _extent =  entity.extent(context.graph());
                } else {
                    _extent = _extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
                }

                // square a line/area
                if (entity.type === 'way' && new Set(entity.nodes).size > 2 ) {
                    if (_type && _type !== 'feature') { return null; }
                    _type = 'feature';
                    return actionOrthogonalize(entityID, context.projection);

                // square a single vertex
                } else if (geometry === 'vertex') {
                    if (_type && _type !== 'corner') { return null; }
                    _type = 'corner';
                    var graph = context.graph();
                    var parents = graph.parentWays(entity);
                    if (parents.length === 1) {
                        var way = parents[0];
                        if (way.nodes.indexOf(entityID) !== -1) {
                            return actionOrthogonalize(way.id, context.projection, entityID);
                        }
                    }
                }

                return null;
            }


            var operation = function() {
                if (!_actions.length) { return; }

                var combinedAction = function(graph, t) {
                    _actions.forEach(function(action) {
                        if (!action.disabled(graph)) {
                            graph = action(graph, t);
                        }
                    });
                    return graph;
                };
                combinedAction.transitionable = true;

                context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());

                window.setTimeout(function() {
                    context.validator().validate();
                }, 300);  // after any transition
            };


            operation.available = function() {
                return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
            };


            // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
            operation.disabled = function() {
                if (!_actions.length) { return ''; }

                var actionDisableds = _actions.map(function(action) {
                    return action.disabled(context.graph());
                }).filter(Boolean);

                if (actionDisableds.length === _actions.length) {
                    // none of the features can be squared

                    if (new Set(actionDisableds).size > 1) {
                        return 'multiple_blockers';
                    }
                    return actionDisableds[0];
                } else if (_extent &&
                           _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
                    return 'too_large';
                } else if (someMissing()) {
                    return 'not_downloaded';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
                    return 'connected_to_hidden';
                }

                return false;


                function someMissing() {
                    if (context.inIntro()) { return false; }
                    var osm = context.connection();
                    if (osm) {
                        var missing = _coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
                        if (missing.length) {
                            missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                return disable ?
                    _t('operations.orthogonalize.' + disable + '.' + _amount) :
                    _t('operations.orthogonalize.description.' + _type + '.' + _amount);
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.' + _type + '.' + _amount);
            };


            operation.id = 'orthogonalize';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.orthogonalize.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.orthogonalize.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        function operationReflectShort(context, selectedIDs) {
            return operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, 'short');
        }


        function operationReflectLong(context, selectedIDs) {
            return operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, 'long');
        }


        function operationReflect(context, selectedIDs, axis) {
            axis = axis || 'long';
            var multi = (selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
            var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
            var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
            var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());


            var operation = function() {
                var action = actionReflect(selectedIDs, context.projection)
                    .useLongAxis(Boolean(axis === 'long'));

                context.perform(action, operation.annotation());

                window.setTimeout(function() {
                    context.validator().validate();
                }, 300);  // after any transition
            };


            operation.available = function() {
                return nodes.length >= 3;
            };


            // don't cache this because the visible extent could change
            operation.disabled = function() {
                if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
                    return 'too_large';
                } else if (someMissing()) {
                    return 'not_downloaded';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
                    return 'connected_to_hidden';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
                    return 'incomplete_relation';
                }

                return false;


                function someMissing() {
                    if (context.inIntro()) { return false; }
                    var osm = context.connection();
                    if (osm) {
                        var missing = coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
                        if (missing.length) {
                            missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }

                function incompleteRelation(id) {
                    var entity = context.entity(id);
                    return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
                }
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                return disable ?
                    _t('operations.reflect.' + disable + '.' + multi) :
                    _t('operations.reflect.description.' + axis + '.' + multi);
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return _t('operations.reflect.annotation.' + axis + '.' + multi);
            };


            operation.id = 'reflect-' + axis;
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.reflect.key.' + axis)];
            operation.title = _t('operations.reflect.title.' + axis);
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        function operationMove(context, selectedIDs) {
            var multi = (selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
            var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
            var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
            var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());


            var operation = function() {
                context.enter(modeMove(context, selectedIDs));
            };


            operation.available = function() {
                return selectedIDs.length > 1 ||
                    context.entity(selectedIDs[0]).type !== 'node';
            };


            operation.disabled = function() {
                if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
                    return 'too_large';
                } else if (someMissing()) {
                    return 'not_downloaded';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
                    return 'connected_to_hidden';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
                    return 'incomplete_relation';
                }

                return false;


                function someMissing() {
                    if (context.inIntro()) { return false; }
                    var osm = context.connection();
                    if (osm) {
                        var missing = coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
                        if (missing.length) {
                            missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }

                function incompleteRelation(id) {
                    var entity = context.entity(id);
                    return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
                }
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                return disable ?
                    _t('operations.move.' + disable + '.' + multi) :
                    _t('operations.move.description.' + multi);
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return selectedIDs.length === 1 ?
                    _t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) :
                    _t('operations.move.annotation.multiple');
            };


            operation.id = 'move';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.move.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.move.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            operation.mouseOnly = true;

            return operation;
        }

        function modeRotate(context, entityIDs) {
            var mode = {
                id: 'rotate',
                button: 'browse'
            };

            var keybinding = utilKeybinding('rotate');
            var behaviors = [
                behaviorEdit(context),
                operationCircularize(context, entityIDs).behavior,
                operationDelete(context, entityIDs).behavior,
                operationMove(context, entityIDs).behavior,
                operationOrthogonalize(context, entityIDs).behavior,
                operationReflectLong(context, entityIDs).behavior,
                operationReflectShort(context, entityIDs).behavior
            ];
            var annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ?
                _t('operations.rotate.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(entityIDs[0])) :
                _t('operations.rotate.annotation.multiple');

            var _prevGraph;
            var _prevAngle;
            var _prevTransform;
            var _pivot;


            function doRotate() {
                var fn;
                if (context.graph() !== _prevGraph) {
                    fn = context.perform;
                } else {
                    fn = context.replace;
                }

                // projection changed, recalculate _pivot
                var projection = context.projection;
                var currTransform = projection.transform();
                if (!_prevTransform ||
                    currTransform.k !== _prevTransform.k ||
                    currTransform.x !== _prevTransform.x ||
                    currTransform.y !== _prevTransform.y) {

                    var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(entityIDs, context.graph());
                    var points = nodes.map(function(n) { return projection(n.loc); });
                    _pivot = getPivot(points);
                    _prevAngle = undefined;
                }


                var currMouse = context.map().mouse();
                var currAngle = Math.atan2(currMouse[1] - _pivot[1], currMouse[0] - _pivot[0]);

                if (typeof _prevAngle === 'undefined') { _prevAngle = currAngle; }
                var delta = currAngle - _prevAngle;

                fn(actionRotate(entityIDs, _pivot, delta, projection));

                _prevTransform = currTransform;
                _prevAngle = currAngle;
                _prevGraph = context.graph();
            }

            function getPivot(points) {
                var _pivot;
                if (points.length === 1) {
                    _pivot = points[0];
                } else if (points.length === 2) {
                    _pivot = geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5);
                } else {
                    var polygonHull = d3_polygonHull(points);
                    if (polygonHull.length === 2) {
                        _pivot = geoVecInterp(points[0], points[1], 0.5);
                    } else {
                        _pivot = d3_polygonCentroid(d3_polygonHull(points));
                    }
                }
                return _pivot;
            }


            function finish() {
                event.stopPropagation();
                context.replace(actionNoop(), annotation);
                context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
            }


            function cancel() {
                context.pop();
                context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
            }


            function undone() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }


            mode.enter = function() {
                context.features().forceVisible(entityIDs);

                behaviors.forEach(context.install);

                context.surface()
                    .on('mousemove.rotate', doRotate)
                    .on('click.rotate', finish);

                context.history()
                    .on('undone.rotate', undone);

                keybinding
                    .on('⎋', cancel)
                    .on('↩', finish);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding);
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);

                context.surface()
                    .on('mousemove.rotate', null)
                    .on('click.rotate', null);

                context.history()
                    .on('undone.rotate', null);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding.unbind);

                context.features().forceVisible([]);
            };


            mode.selectedIDs = function() {
                if (!arguments.length) { return entityIDs; }
                // no assign
                return mode;
            };


            return mode;
        }

        function operationRotate(context, selectedIDs) {
            var multi = (selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
            var nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
            var coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
            var extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());


            var operation = function() {
                context.enter(modeRotate(context, selectedIDs));
            };


            operation.available = function() {
                return nodes.length >= 2;
            };


            operation.disabled = function() {

                if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
                    return 'too_large';
                } else if (someMissing()) {
                    return 'not_downloaded';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
                    return 'connected_to_hidden';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(incompleteRelation)) {
                    return 'incomplete_relation';
                }

                return false;


                function someMissing() {
                    if (context.inIntro()) { return false; }
                    var osm = context.connection();
                    if (osm) {
                        var missing = coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
                        if (missing.length) {
                            missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }

                function incompleteRelation(id) {
                    var entity = context.entity(id);
                    return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.isComplete(context.graph());
                }
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                return disable ?
                    _t('operations.rotate.' + disable + '.' + multi) :
                    _t('operations.rotate.description.' + multi);
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return selectedIDs.length === 1 ?
                    _t('operations.rotate.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(selectedIDs[0])) :
                    _t('operations.rotate.annotation.multiple');
            };


            operation.id = 'rotate';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.rotate.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.rotate.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            operation.mouseOnly = true;

            return operation;
        }

        function modeMove(context, entityIDs, baseGraph) {
            var mode = {
                id: 'move',
                button: 'browse'
            };

            var keybinding = utilKeybinding('move');
            var behaviors = [
                behaviorEdit(context),
                operationCircularize(context, entityIDs).behavior,
                operationDelete(context, entityIDs).behavior,
                operationOrthogonalize(context, entityIDs).behavior,
                operationReflectLong(context, entityIDs).behavior,
                operationReflectShort(context, entityIDs).behavior,
                operationRotate(context, entityIDs).behavior
            ];
            var annotation = entityIDs.length === 1 ?
                _t('operations.move.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(entityIDs[0])) :
                _t('operations.move.annotation.multiple');

            var _prevGraph;
            var _cache;
            var _origin;
            var _nudgeInterval;


            function doMove(nudge) {
                nudge = nudge || [0, 0];

                var fn;
                if (_prevGraph !== context.graph()) {
                    _cache = {};
                    _origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
                    fn = context.perform;
                } else {
                    fn = context.overwrite;
                }

                var currMouse = context.map().mouse();
                var origMouse = context.projection(_origin);
                var delta = geoVecSubtract(geoVecSubtract(currMouse, origMouse), nudge);

                fn(actionMove(entityIDs, delta, context.projection, _cache));
                _prevGraph = context.graph();
            }


            function startNudge(nudge) {
                if (_nudgeInterval) { window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval); }
                _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function() {
                    context.map().pan(nudge);
                    doMove(nudge);
                }, 50);
            }


            function stopNudge() {
                if (_nudgeInterval) {
                    window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
                    _nudgeInterval = null;
                }
            }


            function move() {
                doMove();
                var nudge = geoViewportEdge(context.map().mouse(), context.map().dimensions());
                if (nudge) {
                    startNudge(nudge);
                } else {
                    stopNudge();
                }
            }


            function finish() {
                event.stopPropagation();
                context.replace(actionNoop(), annotation);
                context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
                stopNudge();
            }


            function cancel() {
                if (baseGraph) {
                    while (context.graph() !== baseGraph) { context.pop(); }
                    context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                } else {
                    context.pop();
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, entityIDs));
                }
                stopNudge();
            }


            function undone() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }


            mode.enter = function() {
                _origin = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
                _prevGraph = null;
                _cache = {};

                context.features().forceVisible(entityIDs);

                behaviors.forEach(context.install);

                context.surface()
                    .on('mousemove.move', move)
                    .on('click.move', finish);

                context.history()
                    .on('undone.move', undone);

                keybinding
                    .on('⎋', cancel)
                    .on('↩', finish);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding);
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                stopNudge();

                behaviors.forEach(function(behavior) {
                    context.uninstall(behavior);
                });

                context.surface()
                    .on('mousemove.move', null)
                    .on('click.move', null);

                context.history()
                    .on('undone.move', null);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding.unbind);

                context.features().forceVisible([]);
            };


            mode.selectedIDs = function() {
                if (!arguments.length) { return entityIDs; }
                // no assign
                return mode;
            };


            return mode;
        }

        // see also `operationPaste`
        function behaviorPaste(context) {

            function doPaste() {
                // prevent paste during low zoom selection
                if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) { return; }

                event.preventDefault();

                var baseGraph = context.graph();
                var mouse = context.map().mouse();
                var projection = context.projection;
                var viewport = geoExtent(projection.clipExtent()).polygon();

                if (!geoPointInPolygon(mouse, viewport)) { return; }

                var oldIDs = context.copyIDs();
                if (!oldIDs.length) { return; }

                var extent = geoExtent();
                var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
                var newIDs = [];

                var action = actionCopyEntities(oldIDs, oldGraph);
                context.perform(action);

                var copies = action.copies();
                var originals = new Set();
                Object.values(copies).forEach(function(entity) { originals.add(entity.id); });

                for (var id in copies) {
                    var oldEntity = oldGraph.entity(id);
                    var newEntity = copies[id];

                    extent._extend(oldEntity.extent(oldGraph));

                    // Exclude child nodes from newIDs if their parent way was also copied.
                    var parents = context.graph().parentWays(newEntity);
                    var parentCopied = parents.some(function(parent) {
                        return originals.has(parent.id);
                    });

                    if (!parentCopied) {
                        newIDs.push(newEntity.id);
                    }
                }

                // Put pasted objects where mouse pointer is..
                var copyPoint = (context.copyLonLat() && projection(context.copyLonLat())) || projection(extent.center());
                var delta = geoVecSubtract(mouse, copyPoint);

                context.perform(actionMove(newIDs, delta, projection));
                context.enter(modeMove(context, newIDs, baseGraph));
            }


            function behavior() {
                context.keybinding().on(uiCmd('⌘V'), doPaste);
                return behavior;
            }


            behavior.off = function() {
                context.keybinding().off(uiCmd('⌘V'));
            };


            return behavior;
        }

        /*
            `behaviorDrag` is like `d3_behavior.drag`, with the following differences:

            * The `origin` function is expected to return an [x, y] tuple rather than an
              {x, y} object.
            * The events are `start`, `move`, and `end`.
              (https://github.com/mbostock/d3/issues/563)
            * The `start` event is not dispatched until the first cursor movement occurs.
              (https://github.com/mbostock/d3/pull/368)
            * The `move` event has a `point` and `delta` [x, y] tuple properties rather
              than `x`, `y`, `dx`, and `dy` properties.
            * The `end` event is not dispatched if no movement occurs.
            * An `off` function is available that unbinds the drag's internal event handlers.
         */

        function behaviorDrag() {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('start', 'move', 'end');

            // see also behaviorSelect
            var _tolerancePx = 1; // keep this low to facilitate pixel-perfect micromapping
            var _penTolerancePx = 4; // styluses can be touchy so require greater movement - #1981

            var _origin = null;
            var _selector = '';
            var _event;
            var _target;
            var _surface;
            var _pointerId;

            // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
            var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';

            var d3_event_userSelectProperty = utilPrefixCSSProperty('UserSelect');
            var d3_event_userSelectSuppress = function() {
                    var selection$1 = selection();
                    var select = selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty);
                    selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty, 'none');
                    return function() {
                        selection$1.style(d3_event_userSelectProperty, select);
                    };
                };


            function eventOf(thiz, argumentz) {
                return function(e1) {
                    e1.target = behavior;
                    customEvent(e1, dispatch$1.apply, dispatch$1, [e1.type, thiz, argumentz]);
                };
            }


            function pointerdown() {

                if (_pointerId) { return; }

                _pointerId = event.pointerId || 'mouse';

                _target = this;
                _event = eventOf(_target, arguments);

                // only force reflow once per drag
                var pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(_surface || _target.parentNode);

                var offset;
                var startOrigin = pointerLocGetter(event);
                var started = false;
                var selectEnable = d3_event_userSelectSuppress();

                select(window)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', pointermove)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', pointerup, true);

                if (_origin) {
                    offset = _origin.apply(_target, arguments);
                    offset = [offset[0] - startOrigin[0], offset[1] - startOrigin[1]];
                } else {
                    offset = [0, 0];
                }

                event.stopPropagation();


                function pointermove() {
                    if (_pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) { return; }

                    var p = pointerLocGetter(event);

                    if (!started) {
                        var dist = geoVecLength(startOrigin,  p);
                        var tolerance = event.pointerType === 'pen' ? _penTolerancePx : _tolerancePx;
                        // don't start until the drag has actually moved somewhat
                        if (dist < tolerance) { return; }

                        started = true;
                        _event({ type: 'start' });

                    // Don't send a `move` event in the same cycle as `start` since dragging
                    // a midpoint will convert the target to a node.
                    } else {

                        startOrigin = p;
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        event.preventDefault();

                        var dx = p[0] - startOrigin[0];
                        var dy = p[1] - startOrigin[1];
                        _event({
                            type: 'move',
                            point: [p[0] + offset[0],  p[1] + offset[1]],
                            delta: [dx, dy]
                        });
                    }
                }


                function pointerup() {
                    if (_pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) { return; }

                    _pointerId = null;

                    if (started) {
                        _event({ type: 'end' });

                        event.preventDefault();
                    }

                    select(window)
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', null)
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', null);

                    selectEnable();
                }
            }


            function behavior(selection) {
                var matchesSelector = utilPrefixDOMProperty('matchesSelector');
                var delegate = pointerdown;

                if (_selector) {
                    delegate = function() {
                        var root = this;
                        var target = event.target;
                        for (; target && target !== root; target = target.parentNode) {
                            var datum = target.__data__;

                            var entity = datum instanceof osmNote ? datum
                                : datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;

                            if (entity && target[matchesSelector](_selector)) {
                                return pointerdown.call(target, entity);
                            }
                        }
                    };
                }

                selection
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.drag' + _selector, delegate);
            }


            behavior.off = function(selection) {
                selection
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.drag' + _selector, null);
            };


            behavior.selector = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _selector; }
                _selector = _;
                return behavior;
            };


            behavior.origin = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _origin; }
                _origin = _;
                return behavior;
            };


            behavior.cancel = function() {
                select(window)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag', null)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag pointercancel.drag', null);
                return behavior;
            };


            behavior.target = function() {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _target; }
                _target = arguments[0];
                _event = eventOf(_target, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1));
                return behavior;
            };


            behavior.surface = function() {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _surface; }
                _surface = arguments[0];
                return behavior;
            };


            return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function modeDragNode(context) {
            var mode = {
                id: 'drag-node',
                button: 'browse'
            };
            var hover = behaviorHover(context).altDisables(true)
                .on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover);
            var edit = behaviorEdit(context);

            var _nudgeInterval;
            var _restoreSelectedIDs = [];
            var _wasMidpoint = false;
            var _isCancelled = false;
            var _activeEntity;
            var _startLoc;
            var _lastLoc;


            function startNudge(entity, nudge) {
                if (_nudgeInterval) { window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval); }
                _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function() {
                    context.map().pan(nudge);
                    doMove(entity, nudge);
                }, 50);
            }


            function stopNudge() {
                if (_nudgeInterval) {
                    window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
                    _nudgeInterval = null;
                }
            }


            function moveAnnotation(entity) {
                return _t('operations.move.annotation.' + entity.geometry(context.graph()));
            }


            function connectAnnotation(nodeEntity, targetEntity) {
                var nodeGeometry = nodeEntity.geometry(context.graph());
                var targetGeometry = targetEntity.geometry(context.graph());
                if (nodeGeometry === 'vertex' && targetGeometry === 'vertex') {
                    var nodeParentWayIDs = context.graph().parentWays(nodeEntity);
                    var targetParentWayIDs = context.graph().parentWays(targetEntity);
                    var sharedParentWays = utilArrayIntersection(nodeParentWayIDs, targetParentWayIDs);
                    // if both vertices are part of the same way
                    if (sharedParentWays.length !== 0) {
                        // if the nodes are next to each other, they are merged
                        if (sharedParentWays[0].areAdjacent(nodeEntity.id, targetEntity.id)) {
                            return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_vertex.to_adjacent_vertex');
                        }
                        return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_vertex.to_sibling_vertex');
                    }
                }
                return _t('operations.connect.annotation.from_' + nodeGeometry + '.to_' + targetGeometry);
            }


            function shouldSnapToNode(target) {
                if (!_activeEntity) { return false; }
                return _activeEntity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex' ||
                    (target.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(target, context.graph()));
            }


            function origin(entity) {
                return context.projection(entity.loc);
            }


            function keydown() {
                if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
                    if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
                        context.surface()
                            .classed('nope-suppressed', true);
                    }
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('nope', false)
                        .classed('nope-disabled', true);
                }
            }


            function keyup() {
                if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
                    if (context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed')) {
                        context.surface()
                            .classed('nope', true);
                    }
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('nope-suppressed', false)
                        .classed('nope-disabled', false);
                }
            }


            function start(entity) {
                _wasMidpoint = entity.type === 'midpoint';
                var hasHidden = context.features().hasHiddenConnections(entity, context.graph());
                _isCancelled = !context.editable() || event.sourceEvent.shiftKey || hasHidden;


                if (_isCancelled) {
                    if (hasHidden) {
                        context.ui().flash
                            .duration(4000)
                            .text(_t('modes.drag_node.connected_to_hidden'))();
                    }
                    return drag.cancel();
                }

                if (_wasMidpoint) {
                    var midpoint = entity;
                    entity = osmNode();
                    context.perform(actionAddMidpoint(midpoint, entity));
                    entity = context.entity(entity.id);   // get post-action entity

                    var vertex = context.surface().selectAll('.' + entity.id);
                    drag.target(vertex.node(), entity);

                } else {
                    context.perform(actionNoop());
                }

                _activeEntity = entity;
                _startLoc = entity.loc;

                hover.ignoreVertex(entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex');

                context.surface().selectAll('.' + _activeEntity.id)
                    .classed('active', true);

                context.enter(mode);
            }


            // related code
            // - `behavior/draw.js` `datum()`
            function datum() {
                var event$1 = event && event.sourceEvent;
                if (!event$1 || event$1.altKey) {
                    return {};
                } else {
                    // When dragging, snap only to touch targets..
                    // (this excludes area fills and active drawing elements)
                    var d = event$1.target.__data__;
                    return (d && d.properties && d.properties.target) ? d : {};
                }
            }


            function doMove(entity, nudge) {
                nudge = nudge || [0, 0];

                var currPoint = (event && event.point) || context.projection(_lastLoc);
                var currMouse = geoVecSubtract(currPoint, nudge);
                var loc = context.projection.invert(currMouse);

                if (!_nudgeInterval) {   // If not nudging at the edge of the viewport, try to snap..
                    // related code
                    // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
                    // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
                    // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
                    var d = datum();
                    var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;
                    var targetLoc = target && target.loc;
                    var targetNodes = d && d.properties && d.properties.nodes;
                    var edge;

                    if (targetLoc) {   // snap to node/vertex - a point target with `.loc`
                        if (shouldSnapToNode(target)) {
                            loc = targetLoc;
                        }

                    } else if (targetNodes) {   // snap to way - a line target with `.nodes`
                        edge = geoChooseEdge(targetNodes, context.map().mouse(), context.projection, end.id);
                        if (edge) {
                            loc = edge.loc;
                        }
                    }
                }

                context.replace(
                    actionMoveNode(entity.id, loc)
                );

                // Below here: validations
                var isInvalid = false;

                // Check if this connection to `target` could cause relations to break..
                if (target) {
                    isInvalid = hasRelationConflict(entity, target, edge, context.graph());
                }

                // Check if this drag causes the geometry to break..
                if (!isInvalid) {
                    isInvalid = hasInvalidGeometry(entity, context.graph());
                }


                var nope = context.surface().classed('nope');
                if (isInvalid === 'relation' || isInvalid === 'restriction') {
                    if (!nope) {   // about to nope - show hint
                        context.ui().flash
                            .duration(4000)
                            .text(_t('operations.connect.' + isInvalid,
                                { relation: _mainPresetIndex.item('type/restriction').name() }
                            ))();
                    }
                } else if (isInvalid) {
                    var errorID = isInvalid === 'line' ? 'lines' : 'areas';
                    context.ui().flash
                        .duration(3000)
                        .text(_t('self_intersection.error.' + errorID))();
                } else {
                    if (nope) {   // about to un-nope, remove hint
                        context.ui().flash
                            .duration(1)
                            .text('')();
                    }
                }


                var nopeDisabled = context.surface().classed('nope-disabled');
                if (nopeDisabled) {
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('nope', false)
                        .classed('nope-suppressed', isInvalid);
                } else {
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('nope', isInvalid)
                        .classed('nope-suppressed', false);
                }

                _lastLoc = loc;
            }


            // Uses `actionConnect.disabled()` to know whether this connection is ok..
            function hasRelationConflict(entity, target, edge, graph) {
                var testGraph = graph.update();  // copy

                // if snapping to way - add midpoint there and consider that the target..
                if (edge) {
                    var midpoint = osmNode();
                    var action = actionAddMidpoint({
                        loc: edge.loc,
                        edge: [target.nodes[edge.index - 1], target.nodes[edge.index]]
                    }, midpoint);

                    testGraph = action(testGraph);
                    target = midpoint;
                }

                // can we connect to it?
                var ids = [entity.id, target.id];
                return actionConnect(ids).disabled(testGraph);
            }


            function hasInvalidGeometry(entity, graph) {
                var parents = graph.parentWays(entity);
                var i, j, k;

                for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
                    var parent = parents[i];
                    var nodes = [];
                    var activeIndex = null;    // which multipolygon ring contains node being dragged

                    // test any parent multipolygons for valid geometry
                    var relations = graph.parentRelations(parent);
                    for (j = 0; j < relations.length; j++) {
                        if (!relations[j].isMultipolygon()) { continue; }

                        var rings = osmJoinWays(relations[j].members, graph);

                        // find active ring and test it for self intersections
                        for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
                            nodes = rings[k].nodes;
                            if (nodes.find(function(n) { return n.id === entity.id; })) {
                                activeIndex = k;
                                if (geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, entity.id)) {
                                    return 'multipolygonMember';
                                }
                            }
                            rings[k].coords = nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
                        }

                        // test active ring for intersections with other rings in the multipolygon
                        for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
                            if (k === activeIndex) { continue; }

                            // make sure active ring doesn't cross passive rings
                            if (geoHasLineIntersections(rings[activeIndex].nodes, rings[k].nodes, entity.id)) {
                                return 'multipolygonRing';
                            }
                        }
                    }


                    // If we still haven't tested this node's parent way for self-intersections.
                    // (because it's not a member of a multipolygon), test it now.
                    if (activeIndex === null) {
                        nodes = parent.nodes.map(function(nodeID) { return graph.entity(nodeID); });
                        if (nodes.length && geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, entity.id)) {
                            return parent.geometry(graph);
                        }
                    }

                }

                return false;
            }


            function move(entity) {
                if (_isCancelled) { return; }
                event.sourceEvent.stopPropagation();

                context.surface().classed('nope-disabled', event.sourceEvent.altKey);

                _lastLoc = context.projection.invert(event.point);

                doMove(entity);
                var nudge = geoViewportEdge(event.point, context.map().dimensions());
                if (nudge) {
                    startNudge(entity, nudge);
                } else {
                    stopNudge();
                }
            }

            function end(entity) {
                if (_isCancelled) { return; }

                var wasPoint = entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'point';

                var d = datum();
                var nope = (d && d.properties && d.properties.nope) || context.surface().classed('nope');
                var target = d && d.properties && d.properties.entity;   // entity to snap to

                if (nope) {   // bounce back
                    context.perform(
                        _actionBounceBack(entity.id, _startLoc)
                    );

                } else if (target && target.type === 'way') {
                    var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(target), context.map().mouse(), context.projection, entity.id);
                    context.replace(
                        actionAddMidpoint({
                            loc: choice.loc,
                            edge: [target.nodes[choice.index - 1], target.nodes[choice.index]]
                        }, entity),
                        connectAnnotation(entity, target)
                    );

                } else if (target && target.type === 'node' && shouldSnapToNode(target)) {
                    context.replace(
                        actionConnect([target.id, entity.id]),
                        connectAnnotation(entity, target)
                    );

                } else if (_wasMidpoint) {
                    context.replace(
                        actionNoop(),
                        _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex')
                    );

                } else {
                    context.replace(
                        actionNoop(),
                        moveAnnotation(entity)
                    );
                }

                if (wasPoint) {
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entity.id]));

                } else {
                    var reselection = _restoreSelectedIDs.filter(function(id) {
                        return context.graph().hasEntity(id);
                    });

                    if (reselection.length) {
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, reselection));
                    } else {
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    }
                }
            }


            function _actionBounceBack(nodeID, toLoc) {
                var moveNode = actionMoveNode(nodeID, toLoc);
                var action = function(graph, t) {
                    // last time through, pop off the bounceback perform.
                    // it will then overwrite the initial perform with a moveNode that does nothing
                    if (t === 1) { context.pop(); }
                    return moveNode(graph, t);
                };
                action.transitionable = true;
                return action;
            }


            function cancel() {
                drag.cancel();
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }


            var drag = behaviorDrag()
                .selector('.layer-touch.points .target')
                .surface(context.container().select('.main-map').node())
                .origin(origin)
                .on('start', start)
                .on('move', move)
                .on('end', end);


            mode.enter = function() {
                context.install(hover);
                context.install(edit);

                select(window)
                    .on('keydown.dragNode', keydown)
                    .on('keyup.dragNode', keyup);

                context.history()
                    .on('undone.drag-node', cancel);
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
                context.uninstall(hover);
                context.uninstall(edit);

                select(window)
                    .on('keydown.dragNode', null)
                    .on('keyup.dragNode', null);

                context.history()
                    .on('undone.drag-node', null);

                _activeEntity = null;

                context.surface()
                    .classed('nope', false)
                    .classed('nope-suppressed', false)
                    .classed('nope-disabled', false)
                    .selectAll('.active')
                    .classed('active', false);

                stopNudge();
            };


            mode.selectedIDs = function() {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _activeEntity ? [_activeEntity.id] : []; }
                // no assign
                return mode;
            };


            mode.activeID = function() {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _activeEntity && _activeEntity.id; }
                // no assign
                return mode;
            };


            mode.restoreSelectedIDs = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _restoreSelectedIDs; }
                _restoreSelectedIDs = _;
                return mode;
            };


            mode.behavior = drag;


            return mode;
        }

        function quickselect(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
            quickselectStep(arr, k, left || 0, right || (arr.length - 1), compare || defaultCompare);
        }

        function quickselectStep(arr, k, left, right, compare) {

            while (right > left) {
                if (right - left > 600) {
                    var n = right - left + 1;
                    var m = k - left + 1;
                    var z = Math.log(n);
                    var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
                    var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
                    var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
                    var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
                    quickselectStep(arr, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
                }

                var t = arr[k];
                var i = left;
                var j = right;

                swap(arr, left, k);
                if (compare(arr[right], t) > 0) { swap(arr, left, right); }

                while (i < j) {
                    swap(arr, i, j);
                    i++;
                    j--;
                    while (compare(arr[i], t) < 0) { i++; }
                    while (compare(arr[j], t) > 0) { j--; }
                }

                if (compare(arr[left], t) === 0) { swap(arr, left, j); }
                else {
                    j++;
                    swap(arr, j, right);
                }

                if (j <= k) { left = j + 1; }
                if (k <= j) { right = j - 1; }
            }
        }

        function swap(arr, i, j) {
            var tmp = arr[i];
            arr[i] = arr[j];
            arr[j] = tmp;
        }

        function defaultCompare(a, b) {
            return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
        }

        var RBush = function RBush(maxEntries) {
            if ( maxEntries === void 0 ) maxEntries = 9;

            // max entries in a node is 9 by default; min node fill is 40% for best performance
            this._maxEntries = Math.max(4, maxEntries);
            this._minEntries = Math.max(2, Math.ceil(this._maxEntries * 0.4));
            this.clear();
        };

        RBush.prototype.all = function all () {
            return this._all(this.data, []);
        };

        RBush.prototype.search = function search (bbox) {
            var node = this.data;
            var result = [];

            if (!intersects(bbox, node)) { return result; }

            var toBBox = this.toBBox;
            var nodesToSearch = [];

            while (node) {
                for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
                    var child = node.children[i];
                    var childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;

                    if (intersects(bbox, childBBox)) {
                        if (node.leaf) { result.push(child); }
                        else if (contains$1(bbox, childBBox)) { this._all(child, result); }
                        else { nodesToSearch.push(child); }
                    }
                }
                node = nodesToSearch.pop();
            }

            return result;
        };

        RBush.prototype.collides = function collides (bbox) {
            var node = this.data;

            if (!intersects(bbox, node)) { return false; }

            var nodesToSearch = [];
            while (node) {
                for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
                    var child = node.children[i];
                    var childBBox = node.leaf ? this.toBBox(child) : child;

                    if (intersects(bbox, childBBox)) {
                        if (node.leaf || contains$1(bbox, childBBox)) { return true; }
                        nodesToSearch.push(child);
                    }
                }
                node = nodesToSearch.pop();
            }

            return false;
        };

        RBush.prototype.load = function load (data) {
            if (!(data && data.length)) { return this; }

            if (data.length < this._minEntries) {
                for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                    this.insert(data[i]);
                }
                return this;
            }

            // recursively build the tree with the given data from scratch using OMT algorithm
            var node = this._build(data.slice(), 0, data.length - 1, 0);

            if (!this.data.children.length) {
                // save as is if tree is empty
                this.data = node;

            } else if (this.data.height === node.height) {
                // split root if trees have the same height
                this._splitRoot(this.data, node);

            } else {
                if (this.data.height < node.height) {
                    // swap trees if inserted one is bigger
                    var tmpNode = this.data;
                    this.data = node;
                    node = tmpNode;
                }

                // insert the small tree into the large tree at appropriate level
                this._insert(node, this.data.height - node.height - 1, true);
            }

            return this;
        };

        RBush.prototype.insert = function insert (item) {
            if (item) { this._insert(item, this.data.height - 1); }
            return this;
        };

        RBush.prototype.clear = function clear () {
            this.data = createNode([]);
            return this;
        };

        RBush.prototype.remove = function remove (item, equalsFn) {
            if (!item) { return this; }

            var node = this.data;
            var bbox = this.toBBox(item);
            var path = [];
            var indexes = [];
            var i, parent, goingUp;

            // depth-first iterative tree traversal
            while (node || path.length) {

                if (!node) { // go up
                    node = path.pop();
                    parent = path[path.length - 1];
                    i = indexes.pop();
                    goingUp = true;
                }

                if (node.leaf) { // check current node
                    var index = findItem(item, node.children, equalsFn);

                    if (index !== -1) {
                        // item found, remove the item and condense tree upwards
                        node.children.splice(index, 1);
                        path.push(node);
                        this._condense(path);
                        return this;
                    }
                }

                if (!goingUp && !node.leaf && contains$1(node, bbox)) { // go down
                    path.push(node);
                    indexes.push(i);
                    i = 0;
                    parent = node;
                    node = node.children[0];

                } else if (parent) { // go right
                    i++;
                    node = parent.children[i];
                    goingUp = false;

                } else { node = null; } // nothing found
            }

            return this;
        };

        RBush.prototype.toBBox = function toBBox (item) { return item; };

        RBush.prototype.compareMinX = function compareMinX (a, b) { return a.minX - b.minX; };
        RBush.prototype.compareMinY = function compareMinY (a, b) { return a.minY - b.minY; };

        RBush.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON () { return this.data; };

        RBush.prototype.fromJSON = function fromJSON (data) {
            this.data = data;
            return this;
        };

        RBush.prototype._all = function _all (node, result) {
            var nodesToSearch = [];
            while (node) {
                if (node.leaf) { result.push.apply(result, node.children); }
                else { nodesToSearch.push.apply(nodesToSearch, node.children); }

                node = nodesToSearch.pop();
            }
            return result;
        };

        RBush.prototype._build = function _build (items, left, right, height) {

            var N = right - left + 1;
            var M = this._maxEntries;
            var node;

            if (N <= M) {
                // reached leaf level; return leaf
                node = createNode(items.slice(left, right + 1));
                calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
                return node;
            }

            if (!height) {
                // target height of the bulk-loaded tree
                height = Math.ceil(Math.log(N) / Math.log(M));

                // target number of root entries to maximize storage utilization
                M = Math.ceil(N / Math.pow(M, height - 1));
            }

            node = createNode([]);
            node.leaf = false;
            node.height = height;

            // split the items into M mostly square tiles

            var N2 = Math.ceil(N / M);
            var N1 = N2 * Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(M));

            multiSelect(items, left, right, N1, this.compareMinX);

            for (var i = left; i <= right; i += N1) {

                var right2 = Math.min(i + N1 - 1, right);

                multiSelect(items, i, right2, N2, this.compareMinY);

                for (var j = i; j <= right2; j += N2) {

                    var right3 = Math.min(j + N2 - 1, right2);

                    // pack each entry recursively
                    node.children.push(this._build(items, j, right3, height - 1));
                }
            }

            calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);

            return node;
        };

        RBush.prototype._chooseSubtree = function _chooseSubtree (bbox, node, level, path) {
            while (true) {
                path.push(node);

                if (node.leaf || path.length - 1 === level) { break; }

                var minArea = Infinity;
                var minEnlargement = Infinity;
                var targetNode = (void 0);

                for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
                    var child = node.children[i];
                    var area = bboxArea(child);
                    var enlargement = enlargedArea(bbox, child) - area;

                    // choose entry with the least area enlargement
                    if (enlargement < minEnlargement) {
                        minEnlargement = enlargement;
                        minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
                        targetNode = child;

                    } else if (enlargement === minEnlargement) {
                        // otherwise choose one with the smallest area
                        if (area < minArea) {
                            minArea = area;
                            targetNode = child;
                        }
                    }
                }

                node = targetNode || node.children[0];
            }

            return node;
        };

        RBush.prototype._insert = function _insert (item, level, isNode) {
            var bbox = isNode ? item : this.toBBox(item);
            var insertPath = [];

            // find the best node for accommodating the item, saving all nodes along the path too
            var node = this._chooseSubtree(bbox, this.data, level, insertPath);

            // put the item into the node
            node.children.push(item);
            extend$1(node, bbox);

            // split on node overflow; propagate upwards if necessary
            while (level >= 0) {
                if (insertPath[level].children.length > this._maxEntries) {
                    this._split(insertPath, level);
                    level--;
                } else { break; }
            }

            // adjust bboxes along the insertion path
            this._adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, insertPath, level);
        };

        // split overflowed node into two
        RBush.prototype._split = function _split (insertPath, level) {
            var node = insertPath[level];
            var M = node.children.length;
            var m = this._minEntries;

            this._chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M);

            var splitIndex = this._chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M);

            var newNode = createNode(node.children.splice(splitIndex, node.children.length - splitIndex));
            newNode.height = node.height;
            newNode.leaf = node.leaf;

            calcBBox(node, this.toBBox);
            calcBBox(newNode, this.toBBox);

            if (level) { insertPath[level - 1].children.push(newNode); }
            else { this._splitRoot(node, newNode); }
        };

        RBush.prototype._splitRoot = function _splitRoot (node, newNode) {
            // split root node
            this.data = createNode([node, newNode]);
            this.data.height = node.height + 1;
            this.data.leaf = false;
            calcBBox(this.data, this.toBBox);
        };

        RBush.prototype._chooseSplitIndex = function _chooseSplitIndex (node, m, M) {
            var index;
            var minOverlap = Infinity;
            var minArea = Infinity;

            for (var i = m; i <= M - m; i++) {
                var bbox1 = distBBox(node, 0, i, this.toBBox);
                var bbox2 = distBBox(node, i, M, this.toBBox);

                var overlap = intersectionArea(bbox1, bbox2);
                var area = bboxArea(bbox1) + bboxArea(bbox2);

                // choose distribution with minimum overlap
                if (overlap < minOverlap) {
                    minOverlap = overlap;
                    index = i;

                    minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;

                } else if (overlap === minOverlap) {
                    // otherwise choose distribution with minimum area
                    if (area < minArea) {
                        minArea = area;
                        index = i;
                    }
                }
            }

            return index || M - m;
        };

        // sorts node children by the best axis for split
        RBush.prototype._chooseSplitAxis = function _chooseSplitAxis (node, m, M) {
            var compareMinX = node.leaf ? this.compareMinX : compareNodeMinX;
            var compareMinY = node.leaf ? this.compareMinY : compareNodeMinY;
            var xMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinX);
            var yMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinY);

            // if total distributions margin value is minimal for x, sort by minX,
            // otherwise it's already sorted by minY
            if (xMargin < yMargin) { node.children.sort(compareMinX); }
        };

        // total margin of all possible split distributions where each node is at least m full
        RBush.prototype._allDistMargin = function _allDistMargin (node, m, M, compare) {
            node.children.sort(compare);

            var toBBox = this.toBBox;
            var leftBBox = distBBox(node, 0, m, toBBox);
            var rightBBox = distBBox(node, M - m, M, toBBox);
            var margin = bboxMargin(leftBBox) + bboxMargin(rightBBox);

            for (var i = m; i < M - m; i++) {
                var child = node.children[i];
                extend$1(leftBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
                margin += bboxMargin(leftBBox);
            }

            for (var i$1 = M - m - 1; i$1 >= m; i$1--) {
                var child$1 = node.children[i$1];
                extend$1(rightBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child$1) : child$1);
                margin += bboxMargin(rightBBox);
            }

            return margin;
        };

        RBush.prototype._adjustParentBBoxes = function _adjustParentBBoxes (bbox, path, level) {
            // adjust bboxes along the given tree path
            for (var i = level; i >= 0; i--) {
                extend$1(path[i], bbox);
            }
        };

        RBush.prototype._condense = function _condense (path) {
            // go through the path, removing empty nodes and updating bboxes
            for (var i = path.length - 1, siblings = (void 0); i >= 0; i--) {
                if (path[i].children.length === 0) {
                    if (i > 0) {
                        siblings = path[i - 1].children;
                        siblings.splice(siblings.indexOf(path[i]), 1);

                    } else { this.clear(); }

                } else { calcBBox(path[i], this.toBBox); }
            }
        };

        function findItem(item, items, equalsFn) {
            if (!equalsFn) { return items.indexOf(item); }

            for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
                if (equalsFn(item, items[i])) { return i; }
            }
            return -1;
        }

        // calculate node's bbox from bboxes of its children
        function calcBBox(node, toBBox) {
            distBBox(node, 0, node.children.length, toBBox, node);
        }

        // min bounding rectangle of node children from k to p-1
        function distBBox(node, k, p, toBBox, destNode) {
            if (!destNode) { destNode = createNode(null); }
            destNode.minX = Infinity;
            destNode.minY = Infinity;
            destNode.maxX = -Infinity;
            destNode.maxY = -Infinity;

            for (var i = k; i < p; i++) {
                var child = node.children[i];
                extend$1(destNode, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
            }

            return destNode;
        }

        function extend$1(a, b) {
            a.minX = Math.min(a.minX, b.minX);
            a.minY = Math.min(a.minY, b.minY);
            a.maxX = Math.max(a.maxX, b.maxX);
            a.maxY = Math.max(a.maxY, b.maxY);
            return a;
        }

        function compareNodeMinX(a, b) { return a.minX - b.minX; }
        function compareNodeMinY(a, b) { return a.minY - b.minY; }

        function bboxArea(a)   { return (a.maxX - a.minX) * (a.maxY - a.minY); }
        function bboxMargin(a) { return (a.maxX - a.minX) + (a.maxY - a.minY); }

        function enlargedArea(a, b) {
            return (Math.max(b.maxX, a.maxX) - Math.min(b.minX, a.minX)) *
                   (Math.max(b.maxY, a.maxY) - Math.min(b.minY, a.minY));
        }

        function intersectionArea(a, b) {
            var minX = Math.max(a.minX, b.minX);
            var minY = Math.max(a.minY, b.minY);
            var maxX = Math.min(a.maxX, b.maxX);
            var maxY = Math.min(a.maxY, b.maxY);

            return Math.max(0, maxX - minX) *
                   Math.max(0, maxY - minY);
        }

        function contains$1(a, b) {
            return a.minX <= b.minX &&
                   a.minY <= b.minY &&
                   b.maxX <= a.maxX &&
                   b.maxY <= a.maxY;
        }

        function intersects(a, b) {
            return b.minX <= a.maxX &&
                   b.minY <= a.maxY &&
                   b.maxX >= a.minX &&
                   b.maxY >= a.minY;
        }

        function createNode(children) {
            return {
                children: children,
                height: 1,
                leaf: true,
                minX: Infinity,
                minY: Infinity,
                maxX: -Infinity,
                maxY: -Infinity
            };
        }

        // sort an array so that items come in groups of n unsorted items, with groups sorted between each other;
        // combines selection algorithm with binary divide & conquer approach

        function multiSelect(arr, left, right, n, compare) {
            var stack = [left, right];

            while (stack.length) {
                right = stack.pop();
                left = stack.pop();

                if (right - left <= n) { continue; }

                var mid = left + Math.ceil((right - left) / n / 2) * n;
                quickselect(arr, mid, left, right, compare);

                stack.push(left, mid, mid, right);
            }
        }

        var tiler = utilTiler();
        var dispatch$1 = dispatch('loaded');
        var _tileZoom = 14;
        var _krUrlRoot = 'https://www.keepright.at';
        var _krData = { errorTypes: {}, localizeStrings: {} };

        // This gets reassigned if reset
        var _cache;

        var _krRuleset = [
          // no 20 - multiple node on same spot - these are mostly boundaries overlapping roads
          30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 150, 160, 170, 180,
          190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198,
          200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 220,
          230, 231, 232, 270, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285,
          290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, 310, 311, 312, 313,
          320, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 401, 402, 410, 411, 412, 413
        ];


        function abortRequest(controller) {
          if (controller) {
            controller.abort();
          }
        }

        function abortUnwantedRequests(cache, tiles) {
          Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
            var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) { return k === tile.id; });
            if (!wanted) {
              abortRequest(cache.inflightTile[k]);
              delete cache.inflightTile[k];
            }
          });
        }


        function encodeIssueRtree(d) {
          return { minX: d.loc[0], minY: d.loc[1], maxX: d.loc[0], maxY: d.loc[1], data: d };
        }


        // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
        function updateRtree(item, replace) {
          _cache.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) { return a.data.id === b.data.id; });

          if (replace) {
            _cache.rtree.insert(item);
          }
        }


        function tokenReplacements(d) {
          if (!(d instanceof QAItem)) { return; }

          var htmlRegex = new RegExp(/<\/[a-z][\s\S]*>/);
          var replacements = {};

          var issueTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[d.whichType];
          if (!issueTemplate) {
            /* eslint-disable no-console */
            console.log('No Template: ', d.whichType);
            console.log('  ', d.description);
            /* eslint-enable no-console */
            return;
          }

          // some descriptions are just fixed text
          if (!issueTemplate.regex) { return; }

          // regex pattern should match description with variable details captured
          var errorRegex = new RegExp(issueTemplate.regex, 'i');
          var errorMatch = errorRegex.exec(d.description);
          if (!errorMatch) {
            /* eslint-disable no-console */
            console.log('Unmatched: ', d.whichType);
            console.log('  ', d.description);
            console.log('  ', errorRegex);
            /* eslint-enable no-console */
            return;
          }

          for (var i = 1; i < errorMatch.length; i++) {   // skip first
            var capture = errorMatch[i];
            var idType = (void 0);

            idType = 'IDs' in issueTemplate ? issueTemplate.IDs[i-1] : '';
            if (idType && capture) {   // link IDs if present in the capture
              capture = parseError(capture, idType);
            } else if (htmlRegex.test(capture)) {   // escape any html in non-IDs
              capture = '\\' +  capture + '\\';
            } else {
              var compare = capture.toLowerCase();
              if (_krData.localizeStrings[compare]) {   // some replacement strings can be localized
                capture = _t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.' + _krData.localizeStrings[compare]);
              }
            }

            replacements['var' + i] = capture;
          }

          return replacements;
        }


        function parseError(capture, idType) {
          var compare = capture.toLowerCase();
          if (_krData.localizeStrings[compare]) {   // some replacement strings can be localized
            capture = _t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.' + _krData.localizeStrings[compare]);
          }

          switch (idType) {
            // link a string like "this node"
            case 'this':
              capture = linkErrorObject(capture);
              break;

            case 'url':
              capture = linkURL(capture);
              break;

            // link an entity ID
            case 'n':
            case 'w':
            case 'r':
              capture = linkEntity(idType + capture);
              break;

            // some errors have more complex ID lists/variance
            case '20':
              capture = parse20(capture);
              break;
            case '211':
              capture = parse211(capture);
              break;
            case '231':
              capture = parse231(capture);
              break;
            case '294':
              capture = parse294(capture);
              break;
            case '370':
              capture = parse370(capture);
              break;
          }

          return capture;


          function linkErrorObject(d) {
            return ("<a class=\"error_object_link\">" + d + "</a>");
          }

          function linkEntity(d) {
            return ("<a class=\"error_entity_link\">" + d + "</a>");
          }

          function linkURL(d) {
            return ("<a class=\"kr_external_link\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"" + d + "\">" + d + "</a>");
          }

          // arbitrary node list of form: #ID, #ID, #ID...
          function parse211(capture) {
            var newList = [];
            var items = capture.split(', ');

            items.forEach(function (item) {
              // ID has # at the front
              var id = linkEntity('n' + item.slice(1));
              newList.push(id);
            });

            return newList.join(', ');
          }

          // arbitrary way list of form: #ID(layer),#ID(layer),#ID(layer)...
          function parse231(capture) {
            var newList = [];
            // unfortunately 'layer' can itself contain commas, so we split on '),'
            var items = capture.split('),');

            items.forEach(function (item) {
              var match = item.match(/\#(\d+)\((.+)\)?/);
              if (match !== null && match.length > 2) {
                newList.push(linkEntity('w' + match[1]) + ' ' +
                  _t('QA.keepRight.errorTypes.231.layer', { layer: match[2] })
                );
              }
            });

            return newList.join(', ');
          }

          // arbitrary node/relation list of form: from node #ID,to relation #ID,to node #ID...
          function parse294(capture) {
            var newList = [];
            var items = capture.split(',');

            items.forEach(function (item) {
              // item of form "from/to node/relation #ID"
              item = item.split(' ');

              // to/from role is more clear in quotes
              var role = "\"" + (item[0]) + "\"";

              // first letter of node/relation provides the type
              var idType = item[1].slice(0,1);

              // ID has # at the front
              var id = item[2].slice(1);
              id = linkEntity(idType + id);

              newList.push((role + " " + (item[1]) + " " + id));
            });

            return newList.join(', ');
          }

          // may or may not include the string "(including the name 'name')"
          function parse370(capture) {
            if (!capture) { return ''; }

            var match = capture.match(/\(including the name (\'.+\')\)/);
            if (match && match.length) {
              return _t('QA.keepRight.errorTypes.370.including_the_name', { name: match[1] });
            }
            return '';
          }

          // arbitrary node list of form: #ID,#ID,#ID...
          function parse20(capture) {
            var newList = [];
            var items = capture.split(',');

            items.forEach(function (item) {
              // ID has # at the front
              var id = linkEntity('n' + item.slice(1));
              newList.push(id);
            });

            return newList.join(', ');
          }
        }


        var serviceKeepRight = {
          title: 'keepRight',

          init: function init() {
            _mainFileFetcher.get('keepRight')
              .then(function (d) { return _krData = d; });

            if (!_cache) {
              this.reset();
            }

            this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$1, 'on');
          },

          reset: function reset() {
            if (_cache) {
              Object.values(_cache.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest);
            }

            _cache = {
              data: {},
              loadedTile: {},
              inflightTile: {},
              inflightPost: {},
              closed: {},
              rtree: new RBush()
            };
          },


          // KeepRight API:  http://osm.mueschelsoft.de/keepright/interfacing.php
          loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var options = {
              format: 'geojson',
              ch: _krRuleset
            };

            // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
            var tiles = tiler
              .zoomExtent([_tileZoom, _tileZoom])
              .getTiles(projection);

            // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
            abortUnwantedRequests(_cache, tiles);

            // issue new requests..
            tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
              if (_cache.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache.inflightTile[tile.id]) { return; }

              var ref = tile.extent.rectangle();
              var left = ref[0];
              var top = ref[1];
              var right = ref[2];
              var bottom = ref[3];
              var params = Object.assign({}, options, { left: left, bottom: bottom, right: right, top: top });
              var url = _krUrlRoot + "/export.php?" + utilQsString(params);
              var controller = new AbortController();

              _cache.inflightTile[tile.id] = controller;

              d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
                .then(function (data) {
                  delete _cache.inflightTile[tile.id];
                  _cache.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
                  if (!data || !data.features || !data.features.length) {
                    throw new Error('No Data');
                  }

                  data.features.forEach(function (feature) {
                    var feature_properties = feature.properties;
                    var itemType = feature_properties.error_type;
                    var id = feature_properties.error_id;
                    var comment = feature_properties.comment; if ( comment === void 0 ) comment = null;
                    var objectId = feature_properties.object_id;
                    var objectType = feature_properties.object_type;
                    var schema = feature_properties.schema;
                    var title = feature_properties.title;
                    var loc = feature.geometry.coordinates;
                    var description = feature.properties.description; if ( description === void 0 ) description = '';

                    // if there is a parent, save its error type e.g.:
                    //  Error 191 = "highway-highway"
                    //  Error 190 = "intersections without junctions"  (parent)
                    var issueTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[itemType];
                    var parentIssueType = (Math.floor(itemType / 10) * 10).toString();

                    // try to handle error type directly, fallback to parent error type.
                    var whichType = issueTemplate ? itemType : parentIssueType;
                    var whichTemplate = _krData.errorTypes[whichType];

                    // Rewrite a few of the errors at this point..
                    // This is done to make them easier to linkify and translate.
                    switch (whichType) {
                      case '170':
                        description = "This feature has a FIXME tag: " + description;
                        break;
                      case '292':
                      case '293':
                        description = description.replace('A turn-', 'This turn-');
                        break;
                      case '294':
                      case '295':
                      case '296':
                      case '297':
                      case '298':
                        description = "This turn-restriction~" + description;
                        break;
                      case '300':
                        description = 'This highway is missing a maxspeed tag';
                        break;
                      case '411':
                      case '412':
                      case '413':
                        description = "This feature~" + description;
                        break;
                    }

                    // move markers slightly so it doesn't obscure the geometry,
                    // then move markers away from other coincident markers
                    var coincident = false;
                    do {
                      // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
                      var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : [0, 0.00001];
                      loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
                      var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
                      coincident = _cache.rtree.search(bbox).length;
                    } while (coincident);

                    var d = new QAItem(loc, this$1, itemType, id, {
                      comment: comment,
                      description: description,
                      whichType: whichType,
                      parentIssueType: parentIssueType,
                      severity: whichTemplate.severity || 'error',
                      objectId: objectId,
                      objectType: objectType,
                      schema: schema,
                      title: title
                    });

                    d.replacements = tokenReplacements(d);

                    _cache.data[id] = d;
                    _cache.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree(d));
                  });

                  dispatch$1.call('loaded');
                })
                .catch(function () {
                  delete _cache.inflightTile[tile.id];
                  _cache.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
                });

            });
          },


          postUpdate: function postUpdate(d, callback) {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (_cache.inflightPost[d.id]) {
              return callback({ message: 'Error update already inflight', status: -2 }, d);
            }

            var params = { schema: d.schema, id: d.id };

            if (d.newStatus) {
              params.st = d.newStatus;
            }
            if (d.newComment !== undefined) {
              params.co = d.newComment;
            }

            // NOTE: This throws a CORS err, but it seems successful.
            // We don't care too much about the response, so this is fine.
            var url = _krUrlRoot + "/comment.php?" + utilQsString(params);
            var controller = new AbortController();

            _cache.inflightPost[d.id] = controller;

            // Since this is expected to throw an error just continue as if it worked
            // (worst case scenario the request truly fails and issue will show up if iD restarts)
            d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
              .finally(function () {
                delete _cache.inflightPost[d.id];

                if (d.newStatus === 'ignore') {
                  // ignore permanently (false positive)
                  this$1.removeItem(d);
                } else if (d.newStatus === 'ignore_t') {
                  // ignore temporarily (error fixed)
                  this$1.removeItem(d);
                  _cache.closed[((d.schema) + ":" + (d.id))] = true;
                } else {
                  d = this$1.replaceItem(d.update({
                    comment: d.newComment,
                    newComment: undefined,
                    newState: undefined
                  }));
                }

                if (callback) { callback(null, d); }
              });
          },

          // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
          getItems: function getItems(projection) {
            var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
            var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
            var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
            var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();

            return _cache.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) { return d.data; });
          },

          // Get a QAItem from cache
          // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
          getError: function getError(id) {
            return _cache.data[id];
          },

          // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
          replaceItem: function replaceItem(item) {
            if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) { return; }

            _cache.data[item.id] = item;
            updateRtree(encodeIssueRtree(item), true); // true = replace
            return item;
          },

          // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
          removeItem: function removeItem(item) {
            if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) { return; }

            delete _cache.data[item.id];
            updateRtree(encodeIssueRtree(item), false); // false = remove
          },

          issueURL: function issueURL(item) {
            return (_krUrlRoot + "/report_map.php?schema=" + (item.schema) + "&error=" + (item.id));
          },

          // Get an array of issues closed during this session.
          // Used to populate `closed:keepright` changeset tag
          getClosedIDs: function getClosedIDs() {
            return Object.keys(_cache.closed).sort();
          }

        };

        var tiler$1 = utilTiler();
        var dispatch$2 = dispatch('loaded');
        var _tileZoom$1 = 14;
        var _impOsmUrls = {
          ow: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/directionOfFlowService',
          mr: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/missingGeoService',
          tr: 'https://grab.community.improve-osm.org/turnRestrictionService'
        };
        var _impOsmData = { icons: {} };


        // This gets reassigned if reset
        var _cache$1;

        function abortRequest$1(i) {
          Object.values(i).forEach(function (controller) {
            if (controller) {
              controller.abort();
            }
          });
        }

        function abortUnwantedRequests$1(cache, tiles) {
          Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
            var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) { return k === tile.id; });
            if (!wanted) {
              abortRequest$1(cache.inflightTile[k]);
              delete cache.inflightTile[k];
            }
          });
        }

        function encodeIssueRtree$1(d) {
          return { minX: d.loc[0], minY: d.loc[1], maxX: d.loc[0], maxY: d.loc[1], data: d };
        }

        // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
        function updateRtree$1(item, replace) {
          _cache$1.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) { return a.data.id === b.data.id; });

          if (replace) {
            _cache$1.rtree.insert(item);
          }
        }

        function linkErrorObject(d) {
          return ("<a class=\"error_object_link\">" + d + "</a>");
        }

        function linkEntity(d) {
          return ("<a class=\"error_entity_link\">" + d + "</a>");
        }

        function pointAverage(points) {
          if (points.length) {
            var sum = points.reduce(
              function (acc, point) { return geoVecAdd(acc, [point.lon, point.lat]); },
              [0,0]
            );
            return geoVecScale(sum, 1 / points.length);
          } else {
            return [0,0];
          }
        }

        function relativeBearing(p1, p2) {
          var angle = Math.atan2(p2.lon - p1.lon, p2.lat - p1.lat);
          if (angle < 0) {
            angle += 2 * Math.PI;
          }

          // Return degrees
          return angle * 180 / Math.PI;
        }

        // Assuming range [0,360)
        function cardinalDirection(bearing) {
          var dir = 45 * Math.round(bearing / 45);
          var compass = {
            0: 'north',
            45: 'northeast',
            90: 'east',
            135: 'southeast',
            180: 'south',
            225: 'southwest',
            270: 'west',
            315: 'northwest',
            360: 'north'
          };

          return _t(("QA.improveOSM.directions." + (compass[dir])));
        }

        // Errors shouldn't obscure each other
        function preventCoincident(loc, bumpUp) {
          var coincident = false;
          do {
            // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
            var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : (bumpUp ? [0, 0.00001] : [0, 0]);
            loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
            var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
            coincident = _cache$1.rtree.search(bbox).length;
          } while (coincident);

          return loc;
        }

        var serviceImproveOSM = {
          title: 'improveOSM',

          init: function init() {
            _mainFileFetcher.get('qa_data')
              .then(function (d) { return _impOsmData = d.improveOSM; });

            if (!_cache$1) {
              this.reset();
            }

            this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$2, 'on');
          },

          reset: function reset() {
            if (_cache$1) {
              Object.values(_cache$1.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$1);
            }
            _cache$1 = {
              data: {},
              loadedTile: {},
              inflightTile: {},
              inflightPost: {},
              closed: {},
              rtree: new RBush()
            };
          },

          loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var options = {
              client: 'iD',
              status: 'OPEN',
              zoom: '19' // Use a high zoom so that clusters aren't returned
            };

            // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
            var tiles = tiler$1
              .zoomExtent([_tileZoom$1, _tileZoom$1])
              .getTiles(projection);

            // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
            abortUnwantedRequests$1(_cache$1, tiles);

            // issue new requests..
            tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
              if (_cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]) { return; }

              var ref = tile.extent.rectangle();
              var east = ref[0];
              var north = ref[1];
              var west = ref[2];
              var south = ref[3];
              var params = Object.assign({}, options, { east: east, south: south, west: west, north: north });

              // 3 separate requests to store for each tile
              var requests = {};

              Object.keys(_impOsmUrls).forEach(function (k) {
                // We exclude WATER from missing geometry as it doesn't seem useful
                // We use most confident one-way and turn restrictions only, still have false positives
                var kParams = Object.assign({},
                  params,
                  (k === 'mr') ? { type: 'PARKING,ROAD,BOTH,PATH' } : { confidenceLevel: 'C1' }
                );
                var url = (_impOsmUrls[k]) + "/search?" + utilQsString(kParams);
                var controller = new AbortController();

                requests[k] = controller;

                d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
                  .then(function (data) {
                    delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id][k];
                    if (!Object.keys(_cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]).length) {
                      delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id];
                      _cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
                    }

                    // Road segments at high zoom == oneways
                    if (data.roadSegments) {
                      data.roadSegments.forEach(function (feature) {
                        // Position error at the approximate middle of the segment
                        var points = feature.points;
                        var wayId = feature.wayId;
                        var fromNodeId = feature.fromNodeId;
                        var toNodeId = feature.toNodeId;
                        var itemId = "" + wayId + fromNodeId + toNodeId;
                        var mid = points.length / 2;
                        var loc;

                        // Even number of points, find midpoint of the middle two
                        // Odd number of points, use position of very middle point
                        if (mid % 1 === 0) {
                          loc = pointAverage([points[mid - 1], points[mid]]);
                        } else {
                          mid = points[Math.floor(mid)];
                          loc = [mid.lon, mid.lat];
                        }

                        // One-ways can land on same segment in opposite direction
                        loc = preventCoincident(loc, false);

                        var d = new QAItem(loc, this$1, k, itemId, {
                          issueKey: k, // used as a category
                          identifier: { // used to post changes
                            wayId: wayId,
                            fromNodeId: fromNodeId,
                            toNodeId: toNodeId
                          },
                          objectId: wayId,
                          objectType: 'way'
                        });

                        // Variables used in the description
                        d.replacements = {
                          percentage: feature.percentOfTrips,
                          num_trips: feature.numberOfTrips,
                          highway: linkErrorObject(_t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.highway')),
                          from_node: linkEntity('n' + feature.fromNodeId),
                          to_node: linkEntity('n' + feature.toNodeId)
                        };

                        _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
                        _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
                      });
                    }

                    // Tiles at high zoom == missing roads
                    if (data.tiles) {
                      data.tiles.forEach(function (feature) {
                        var type = feature.type;
                        var x = feature.x;
                        var y = feature.y;
                        var numberOfTrips = feature.numberOfTrips;
                        var geoType = type.toLowerCase();
                        var itemId = "" + geoType + x + y + numberOfTrips;

                        // Average of recorded points should land on the missing geometry
                        // Missing geometry could happen to land on another error
                        var loc = pointAverage(feature.points);
                        loc = preventCoincident(loc, false);

                        var d = new QAItem(loc, this$1, (k + "-" + geoType), itemId, {
                          issueKey: k,
                          identifier: { x: x, y: y }
                        });

                        d.replacements = {
                          num_trips: numberOfTrips,
                          geometry_type: _t(("QA.improveOSM.geometry_types." + geoType))
                        };

                        // -1 trips indicates data came from a 3rd party
                        if (numberOfTrips === -1) {
                          d.desc = _t('QA.improveOSM.error_types.mr.description_alt', d.replacements);
                        }

                        _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
                        _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
                      });
                    }

                    // Entities at high zoom == turn restrictions
                    if (data.entities) {
                      data.entities.forEach(function (feature) {
                        var point = feature.point;
                        var id = feature.id;
                        var segments = feature.segments;
                        var numberOfPasses = feature.numberOfPasses;
                        var turnType = feature.turnType;
                        var itemId = "" + (id.replace(/[,:+#]/g, '_'));

                        // Turn restrictions could be missing at same junction
                        // We also want to bump the error up so node is accessible
                        var loc = preventCoincident([point.lon, point.lat], true);

                        // Elements are presented in a strange way
                        var ids = id.split(',');
                        var from_way = ids[0];
                        var via_node = ids[3];
                        var to_way = ids[2].split(':')[1];

                        var d = new QAItem(loc, this$1, k, itemId, {
                          issueKey: k,
                          identifier: id,
                          objectId: via_node,
                          objectType: 'node'
                        });

                        // Travel direction along from_way clarifies the turn restriction
                        var ref = segments[0].points;
                        var p1 = ref[0];
                        var p2 = ref[1];
                        var dir_of_travel = cardinalDirection(relativeBearing(p1, p2));

                        // Variables used in the description
                        d.replacements = {
                          num_passed: numberOfPasses,
                          num_trips: segments[0].numberOfTrips,
                          turn_restriction: turnType.toLowerCase(),
                          from_way: linkEntity('w' + from_way),
                          to_way: linkEntity('w' + to_way),
                          travel_direction: dir_of_travel,
                          junction: linkErrorObject(_t('QA.keepRight.error_parts.this_node'))
                        };

                        _cache$1.data[d.id] = d;
                        _cache$1.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$1(d));
                        dispatch$2.call('loaded');
                      });
                    }
                  })
                  .catch(function () {
                    delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id][k];
                    if (!Object.keys(_cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id]).length) {
                      delete _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id];
                      _cache$1.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
                    }
                  });
              });

              _cache$1.inflightTile[tile.id] = requests;
            });
          },

          getComments: function getComments(item) {
            var this$1 = this;

            // If comments already retrieved no need to do so again
            if (item.comments) {
              return Promise.resolve(item);
            }

            var key = item.issueKey;
            var qParams = {};

            if (key === 'ow') {
              qParams = item.identifier;
            } else if (key === 'mr') {
              qParams.tileX = item.identifier.x;
              qParams.tileY = item.identifier.y;
            } else if (key === 'tr') {
              qParams.targetId = item.identifier;
            }

            var url = (_impOsmUrls[key]) + "/retrieveComments?" + utilQsString(qParams);
            var cacheComments = function (data) {
              // Assign directly for immediate use afterwards
              // comments are served newest to oldest
              item.comments = data.comments ? data.comments.reverse() : [];
              this$1.replaceItem(item);
            };

            return d3_json(url).then(cacheComments).then(function () { return item; });
          },

          postUpdate: function postUpdate(d, callback) {
            if (!serviceOsm.authenticated()) { // Username required in payload
              return callback({ message: 'Not Authenticated', status: -3}, d);
            }
            if (_cache$1.inflightPost[d.id]) {
              return callback({ message: 'Error update already inflight', status: -2 }, d);
            }

            // Payload can only be sent once username is established
            serviceOsm.userDetails(sendPayload.bind(this));

            function sendPayload(err, user) {
              var this$1 = this;

              if (err) { return callback(err, d); }

              var key = d.issueKey;
              var url = (_impOsmUrls[key]) + "/comment";
              var payload = {
                username: user.display_name,
                targetIds: [ d.identifier ]
              };

              if (d.newStatus) {
                payload.status = d.newStatus;
                payload.text = 'status changed';
              }

              // Comment take place of default text
              if (d.newComment) {
                payload.text = d.newComment;
              }

              var controller = new AbortController();
              _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id] = controller;

              var options = {
                method: 'POST',
                signal: controller.signal,
                body: JSON.stringify(payload)
              };

              d3_json(url, options)
                .then(function () {
                  delete _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id];

                  // Just a comment, update error in cache
                  if (!d.newStatus) {
                    var now = new Date();
                    var comments = d.comments ? d.comments : [];

                    comments.push({
                      username: payload.username,
                      text: payload.text,
                      timestamp: now.getTime() / 1000
                    });

                    this$1.replaceItem(d.update({
                      comments: comments,
                      newComment: undefined
                    }));
                  } else {
                    this$1.removeItem(d);
                    if (d.newStatus === 'SOLVED') {
                      // Keep track of the number of issues closed per type to tag the changeset
                      if (!(d.issueKey in _cache$1.closed)) {
                        _cache$1.closed[d.issueKey] = 0;
                      }
                      _cache$1.closed[d.issueKey] += 1;
                    }
                  }
                  if (callback) { callback(null, d); }
                })
                .catch(function (err) {
                  delete _cache$1.inflightPost[d.id];
                  if (callback) { callback(err.message); }
                });
            }
          },


          // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
          getItems: function getItems(projection) {
            var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
            var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
            var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
            var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();

            return _cache$1.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) { return d.data; });
          },

          // Get a QAItem from cache
          // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
          getError: function getError(id) {
            return _cache$1.data[id];
          },

          // get the name of the icon to display for this item
          getIcon: function getIcon(itemType) {
            return _impOsmData.icons[itemType];
          },

          // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
          replaceItem: function replaceItem(issue) {
            if (!(issue instanceof QAItem) || !issue.id) { return; }

            _cache$1.data[issue.id] = issue;
            updateRtree$1(encodeIssueRtree$1(issue), true); // true = replace
            return issue;
          },

          // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
          removeItem: function removeItem(issue) {
            if (!(issue instanceof QAItem) || !issue.id) { return; }

            delete _cache$1.data[issue.id];
            updateRtree$1(encodeIssueRtree$1(issue), false); // false = remove
          },

          // Used to populate `closed:improveosm:*` changeset tags
          getClosedCounts: function getClosedCounts() {
            return _cache$1.closed;
          }
        };

        var defaults = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
        function getDefaults() {
          return {
            baseUrl: null,
            breaks: false,
            gfm: true,
            headerIds: true,
            headerPrefix: '',
            highlight: null,
            langPrefix: 'language-',
            mangle: true,
            pedantic: false,
            renderer: null,
            sanitize: false,
            sanitizer: null,
            silent: false,
            smartLists: false,
            smartypants: false,
            tokenizer: null,
            xhtml: false
          };
        }

        function changeDefaults(newDefaults) {
          module.exports.defaults = newDefaults;
        }

        module.exports = {
          defaults: getDefaults(),
          getDefaults: getDefaults,
          changeDefaults: changeDefaults
        };
        });

        /**
         * Helpers
         */
        var escapeTest = /[&<>"']/;
        var escapeReplace = /[&<>"']/g;
        var escapeTestNoEncode = /[<>"']|&(?!#?\w+;)/;
        var escapeReplaceNoEncode = /[<>"']|&(?!#?\w+;)/g;
        var escapeReplacements = {
          '&': '&amp;',
          '<': '&lt;',
          '>': '&gt;',
          '"': '&quot;',
          "'": '&#39;'
        };
        var getEscapeReplacement = function (ch) { return escapeReplacements[ch]; };
        function escape$1(html, encode) {
          if (encode) {
            if (escapeTest.test(html)) {
              return html.replace(escapeReplace, getEscapeReplacement);
            }
          } else {
            if (escapeTestNoEncode.test(html)) {
              return html.replace(escapeReplaceNoEncode, getEscapeReplacement);
            }
          }

          return html;
        }

        var unescapeTest = /&(#(?:\d+)|(?:#x[0-9A-Fa-f]+)|(?:\w+));?/ig;

        function unescape$1(html) {
          // explicitly match decimal, hex, and named HTML entities
          return html.replace(unescapeTest, function (_, n) {
            n = n.toLowerCase();
            if (n === 'colon') { return ':'; }
            if (n.charAt(0) === '#') {
              return n.charAt(1) === 'x'
                ? String.fromCharCode(parseInt(n.substring(2), 16))
                : String.fromCharCode(+n.substring(1));
            }
            return '';
          });
        }

        var caret = /(^|[^\[])\^/g;
        function edit(regex, opt) {
          regex = regex.source || regex;
          opt = opt || '';
          var obj = {
            replace: function (name, val) {
              val = val.source || val;
              val = val.replace(caret, '$1');
              regex = regex.replace(name, val);
              return obj;
            },
            getRegex: function () {
              return new RegExp(regex, opt);
            }
          };
          return obj;
        }

        var nonWordAndColonTest = /[^\w:]/g;
        var originIndependentUrl = /^$|^[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*:|^[?#]/i;
        function cleanUrl(sanitize, base, href) {
          if (sanitize) {
            var prot;
            try {
              prot = decodeURIComponent(unescape$1(href))
                .replace(nonWordAndColonTest, '')
                .toLowerCase();
            } catch (e) {
              return null;
            }
            if (prot.indexOf('javascript:') === 0 || prot.indexOf('vbscript:') === 0 || prot.indexOf('data:') === 0) {
              return null;
            }
          }
          if (base && !originIndependentUrl.test(href)) {
            href = resolveUrl(base, href);
          }
          try {
            href = encodeURI(href).replace(/%25/g, '%');
          } catch (e$1) {
            return null;
          }
          return href;
        }

        var baseUrls = {};
        var justDomain = /^[^:]+:\/*[^/]*$/;
        var protocol = /^([^:]+:)[\s\S]*$/;
        var domain = /^([^:]+:\/*[^/]*)[\s\S]*$/;

        function resolveUrl(base, href) {
          if (!baseUrls[' ' + base]) {
            // we can ignore everything in base after the last slash of its path component,
            // but we might need to add _that_
            // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3
            if (justDomain.test(base)) {
              baseUrls[' ' + base] = base + '/';
            } else {
              baseUrls[' ' + base] = rtrim(base, '/', true);
            }
          }
          base = baseUrls[' ' + base];
          var relativeBase = base.indexOf(':') === -1;

          if (href.substring(0, 2) === '//') {
            if (relativeBase) {
              return href;
            }
            return base.replace(protocol, '$1') + href;
          } else if (href.charAt(0) === '/') {
            if (relativeBase) {
              return href;
            }
            return base.replace(domain, '$1') + href;
          } else {
            return base + href;
          }
        }

        var noopTest = { exec: function noopTest() {} };

        function merge$1(obj) {
          var arguments$1 = arguments;

          var i = 1,
            target,
            key;

          for (; i < arguments.length; i++) {
            target = arguments$1[i];
            for (key in target) {
              if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(target, key)) {
                obj[key] = target[key];
              }
            }
          }

          return obj;
        }

        function splitCells(tableRow, count) {
          // ensure that every cell-delimiting pipe has a space
          // before it to distinguish it from an escaped pipe
          var row = tableRow.replace(/\|/g, function (match, offset, str) {
              var escaped = false,
                curr = offset;
              while (--curr >= 0 && str[curr] === '\\') { escaped = !escaped; }
              if (escaped) {
                // odd number of slashes means | is escaped
                // so we leave it alone
                return '|';
              } else {
                // add space before unescaped |
                return ' |';
              }
            }),
            cells = row.split(/ \|/);
          var i = 0;

          if (cells.length > count) {
            cells.splice(count);
          } else {
            while (cells.length < count) { cells.push(''); }
          }

          for (; i < cells.length; i++) {
            // leading or trailing whitespace is ignored per the gfm spec
            cells[i] = cells[i].trim().replace(/\\\|/g, '|');
          }
          return cells;
        }

        // Remove trailing 'c's. Equivalent to str.replace(/c*$/, '').
        // /c*$/ is vulnerable to REDOS.
        // invert: Remove suffix of non-c chars instead. Default falsey.
        function rtrim(str, c, invert) {
          var l = str.length;
          if (l === 0) {
            return '';
          }

          // Length of suffix matching the invert condition.
          var suffLen = 0;

          // Step left until we fail to match the invert condition.
          while (suffLen < l) {
            var currChar = str.charAt(l - suffLen - 1);
            if (currChar === c && !invert) {
              suffLen++;
            } else if (currChar !== c && invert) {
              suffLen++;
            } else {
              break;
            }
          }

          return str.substr(0, l - suffLen);
        }

        function findClosingBracket(str, b) {
          if (str.indexOf(b[1]) === -1) {
            return -1;
          }
          var l = str.length;
          var level = 0,
            i = 0;
          for (; i < l; i++) {
            if (str[i] === '\\') {
              i++;
            } else if (str[i] === b[0]) {
              level++;
            } else if (str[i] === b[1]) {
              level--;
              if (level < 0) {
                return i;
              }
            }
          }
          return -1;
        }

        function checkSanitizeDeprecation(opt) {
          if (opt && opt.sanitize && !opt.silent) {
            console.warn('marked(): sanitize and sanitizer parameters are deprecated since version 0.7.0, should not be used and will be removed in the future. Read more here: https://marked.js.org/#/USING_ADVANCED.md#options');
          }
        }

        var helpers = {
          escape: escape$1,
          unescape: unescape$1,
          edit: edit,
          cleanUrl: cleanUrl,
          resolveUrl: resolveUrl,
          noopTest: noopTest,
          merge: merge$1,
          splitCells: splitCells,
          rtrim: rtrim,
          findClosingBracket: findClosingBracket,
          checkSanitizeDeprecation: checkSanitizeDeprecation
        };

        var defaults$1 = defaults.defaults;
        var rtrim$1 = helpers.rtrim;
        var splitCells$1 = helpers.splitCells;
        var escape$2 = helpers.escape;
        var findClosingBracket$1 = helpers.findClosingBracket;

        function outputLink(cap, link, raw) {
          var href = link.href;
          var title = link.title ? escape$2(link.title) : null;

          if (cap[0].charAt(0) !== '!') {
            return {
              type: 'link',
              raw: raw,
              href: href,
              title: title,
              text: cap[1]
            };
          } else {
            return {
              type: 'image',
              raw: raw,
              text: escape$2(cap[1]),
              href: href,
              title: title
            };
          }
        }

        /**
         * Tokenizer
         */
        var Tokenizer_1 = /*@__PURE__*/(function () {
          function Tokenizer(options) {
            this.options = options || defaults$1;
          }

          Tokenizer.prototype.space = function space (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.newline.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              if (cap[0].length > 1) {
                return {
                  type: 'space',
                  raw: cap[0]
                };
              }
              return { raw: '\n' };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.code = function code (src, tokens) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.code.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              var lastToken = tokens[tokens.length - 1];
              // An indented code block cannot interrupt a paragraph.
              if (lastToken && lastToken.type === 'paragraph') {
                tokens.pop();
                lastToken.text += '\n' + cap[0].trimRight();
                lastToken.raw += '\n' + cap[0];
                return lastToken;
              } else {
                var text = cap[0].replace(/^ {4}/gm, '');
                return {
                  type: 'code',
                  raw: cap[0],
                  codeBlockStyle: 'indented',
                  text: !this.options.pedantic
                    ? rtrim$1(text, '\n')
                    : text
                };
              }
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.fences = function fences (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.fences.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'code',
                raw: cap[0],
                lang: cap[2] ? cap[2].trim() : cap[2],
                text: cap[3] || ''
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.heading = function heading (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.heading.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'heading',
                raw: cap[0],
                depth: cap[1].length,
                text: cap[2]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.nptable = function nptable (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.nptable.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              var item = {
                type: 'table',
                header: splitCells$1(cap[1].replace(/^ *| *\| *$/g, '')),
                align: cap[2].replace(/^ *|\| *$/g, '').split(/ *\| */),
                cells: cap[3] ? cap[3].replace(/\n$/, '').split('\n') : [],
                raw: cap[0]
              };

              if (item.header.length === item.align.length) {
                var l = item.align.length;
                var i;
                for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                  if (/^ *-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
                    item.align[i] = 'right';
                  } else if (/^ *:-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
                    item.align[i] = 'center';
                  } else if (/^ *:-+ *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
                    item.align[i] = 'left';
                  } else {
                    item.align[i] = null;
                  }
                }

                l = item.cells.length;
                for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                  item.cells[i] = splitCells$1(item.cells[i], item.header.length);
                }

                return item;
              }
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.hr = function hr (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.hr.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'hr',
                raw: cap[0]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.blockquote = function blockquote (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.blockquote.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              var text = cap[0].replace(/^ *> ?/gm, '');

              return {
                type: 'blockquote',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: text
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.list = function list (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.list.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              var raw = cap[0];
              var bull = cap[2];
              var isordered = bull.length > 1;

              var list = {
                type: 'list',
                raw: raw,
                ordered: isordered,
                start: isordered ? +bull : '',
                loose: false,
                items: []
              };

              // Get each top-level item.
              var itemMatch = cap[0].match(this.rules.block.item);

              var next = false,
                item,
                space,
                b,
                addBack,
                loose,
                istask,
                ischecked;

              var l = itemMatch.length;
              for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                item = itemMatch[i];
                raw = item;

                // Remove the list item's bullet
                // so it is seen as the next token.
                space = item.length;
                item = item.replace(/^ *([*+-]|\d+\.) */, '');

                // Outdent whatever the
                // list item contains. Hacky.
                if (~item.indexOf('\n ')) {
                  space -= item.length;
                  item = !this.options.pedantic
                    ? item.replace(new RegExp('^ {1,' + space + '}', 'gm'), '')
                    : item.replace(/^ {1,4}/gm, '');
                }

                // Determine whether the next list item belongs here.
                // Backpedal if it does not belong in this list.
                if (i !== l - 1) {
                  b = this.rules.block.bullet.exec(itemMatch[i + 1])[0];
                  if (bull.length > 1 ? b.length === 1
                    : (b.length > 1 || (this.options.smartLists && b !== bull))) {
                    addBack = itemMatch.slice(i + 1).join('\n');
                    list.raw = list.raw.substring(0, list.raw.length - addBack.length);
                    i = l - 1;
                  }
                }

                // Determine whether item is loose or not.
                // Use: /(^|\n)(?! )[^\n]+\n\n(?!\s*$)/
                // for discount behavior.
                loose = next || /\n\n(?!\s*$)/.test(item);
                if (i !== l - 1) {
                  next = item.charAt(item.length - 1) === '\n';
                  if (!loose) { loose = next; }
                }

                if (loose) {
                  list.loose = true;
                }

                // Check for task list items
                istask = /^\[[ xX]\] /.test(item);
                ischecked = undefined;
                if (istask) {
                  ischecked = item[1] !== ' ';
                  item = item.replace(/^\[[ xX]\] +/, '');
                }

                list.items.push({
                  raw: raw,
                  task: istask,
                  checked: ischecked,
                  loose: loose,
                  text: item
                });
              }

              return list;
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.html = function html (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.html.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: this.options.sanitize
                  ? 'paragraph'
                  : 'html',
                raw: cap[0],
                pre: !this.options.sanitizer
                  && (cap[1] === 'pre' || cap[1] === 'script' || cap[1] === 'style'),
                text: this.options.sanitize ? (this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : escape$2(cap[0])) : cap[0]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.def = function def (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.def.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              if (cap[3]) { cap[3] = cap[3].substring(1, cap[3].length - 1); }
              var tag = cap[1].toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
              return {
                tag: tag,
                raw: cap[0],
                href: cap[2],
                title: cap[3]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.table = function table (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.table.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              var item = {
                type: 'table',
                header: splitCells$1(cap[1].replace(/^ *| *\| *$/g, '')),
                align: cap[2].replace(/^ *|\| *$/g, '').split(/ *\| */),
                cells: cap[3] ? cap[3].replace(/\n$/, '').split('\n') : []
              };

              if (item.header.length === item.align.length) {
                item.raw = cap[0];

                var l = item.align.length;
                var i;
                for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                  if (/^ *-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
                    item.align[i] = 'right';
                  } else if (/^ *:-+: *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
                    item.align[i] = 'center';
                  } else if (/^ *:-+ *$/.test(item.align[i])) {
                    item.align[i] = 'left';
                  } else {
                    item.align[i] = null;
                  }
                }

                l = item.cells.length;
                for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                  item.cells[i] = splitCells$1(
                    item.cells[i].replace(/^ *\| *| *\| *$/g, ''),
                    item.header.length);
                }

                return item;
              }
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.lheading = function lheading (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.lheading.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'heading',
                raw: cap[0],
                depth: cap[2].charAt(0) === '=' ? 1 : 2,
                text: cap[1]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.paragraph = function paragraph (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.paragraph.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'paragraph',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: cap[1].charAt(cap[1].length - 1) === '\n'
                  ? cap[1].slice(0, -1)
                  : cap[1]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.text = function text (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.block.text.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'text',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: cap[0]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.escape = function escape$1 (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.inline.escape.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'escape',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: escape$2(cap[1])
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.tag = function tag (src, inLink, inRawBlock) {
            var cap = this.rules.inline.tag.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              if (!inLink && /^<a /i.test(cap[0])) {
                inLink = true;
              } else if (inLink && /^<\/a>/i.test(cap[0])) {
                inLink = false;
              }
              if (!inRawBlock && /^<(pre|code|kbd|script)(\s|>)/i.test(cap[0])) {
                inRawBlock = true;
              } else if (inRawBlock && /^<\/(pre|code|kbd|script)(\s|>)/i.test(cap[0])) {
                inRawBlock = false;
              }

              return {
                type: this.options.sanitize
                  ? 'text'
                  : 'html',
                raw: cap[0],
                inLink: inLink,
                inRawBlock: inRawBlock,
                text: this.options.sanitize
                  ? (this.options.sanitizer
                    ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0])
                    : escape$2(cap[0]))
                  : cap[0]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.link = function link (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.inline.link.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              var lastParenIndex = findClosingBracket$1(cap[2], '()');
              if (lastParenIndex > -1) {
                var start = cap[0].indexOf('!') === 0 ? 5 : 4;
                var linkLen = start + cap[1].length + lastParenIndex;
                cap[2] = cap[2].substring(0, lastParenIndex);
                cap[0] = cap[0].substring(0, linkLen).trim();
                cap[3] = '';
              }
              var href = cap[2];
              var title = '';
              if (this.options.pedantic) {
                var link = /^([^'"]*[^\s])\s+(['"])(.*)\2/.exec(href);

                if (link) {
                  href = link[1];
                  title = link[3];
                } else {
                  title = '';
                }
              } else {
                title = cap[3] ? cap[3].slice(1, -1) : '';
              }
              href = href.trim().replace(/^<([\s\S]*)>$/, '$1');
              var token = outputLink(cap, {
                href: href ? href.replace(this.rules.inline._escapes, '$1') : href,
                title: title ? title.replace(this.rules.inline._escapes, '$1') : title
              }, cap[0]);
              return token;
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.reflink = function reflink (src, links) {
            var cap;
            if ((cap = this.rules.inline.reflink.exec(src))
                || (cap = this.rules.inline.nolink.exec(src))) {
              var link = (cap[2] || cap[1]).replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
              link = links[link.toLowerCase()];
              if (!link || !link.href) {
                var text = cap[0].charAt(0);
                return {
                  type: 'text',
                  raw: text,
                  text: text
                };
              }
              var token = outputLink(cap, link, cap[0]);
              return token;
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.strong = function strong (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.inline.strong.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'strong',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: cap[4] || cap[3] || cap[2] || cap[1]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.em = function em (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.inline.em.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'em',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: cap[6] || cap[5] || cap[4] || cap[3] || cap[2] || cap[1]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.codespan = function codespan (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.inline.code.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'codespan',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: escape$2(cap[2].trim(), true)
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.br = function br (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.inline.br.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'br',
                raw: cap[0]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.del = function del (src) {
            var cap = this.rules.inline.del.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              return {
                type: 'del',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: cap[1]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.autolink = function autolink (src, mangle) {
            var cap = this.rules.inline.autolink.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              var text, href;
              if (cap[2] === '@') {
                text = escape$2(this.options.mangle ? mangle(cap[1]) : cap[1]);
                href = 'mailto:' + text;
              } else {
                text = escape$2(cap[1]);
                href = text;
              }

              return {
                type: 'link',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: text,
                href: href,
                tokens: [
                  {
                    type: 'text',
                    raw: text,
                    text: text
                  }
                ]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.url = function url (src, mangle) {
            var cap;
            if (cap = this.rules.inline.url.exec(src)) {
              var text, href;
              if (cap[2] === '@') {
                text = escape$2(this.options.mangle ? mangle(cap[0]) : cap[0]);
                href = 'mailto:' + text;
              } else {
                // do extended autolink path validation
                var prevCapZero;
                do {
                  prevCapZero = cap[0];
                  cap[0] = this.rules.inline._backpedal.exec(cap[0])[0];
                } while (prevCapZero !== cap[0]);
                text = escape$2(cap[0]);
                if (cap[1] === 'www.') {
                  href = 'http://' + text;
                } else {
                  href = text;
                }
              }
              return {
                type: 'link',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: text,
                href: href,
                tokens: [
                  {
                    type: 'text',
                    raw: text,
                    text: text
                  }
                ]
              };
            }
          };

          Tokenizer.prototype.inlineText = function inlineText (src, inRawBlock, smartypants) {
            var cap = this.rules.inline.text.exec(src);
            if (cap) {
              var text;
              if (inRawBlock) {
                text = this.options.sanitize ? (this.options.sanitizer ? this.options.sanitizer(cap[0]) : escape$2(cap[0])) : cap[0];
              } else {
                text = escape$2(this.options.smartypants ? smartypants(cap[0]) : cap[0]);
              }
              return {
                type: 'text',
                raw: cap[0],
                text: text
              };
            }
          };

          return Tokenizer;
        }());

        var noopTest$1 = helpers.noopTest;
        var edit$1 = helpers.edit;
        var merge$2 = helpers.merge;

        /**
         * Block-Level Grammar
         */
        var block = {
          newline: /^\n+/,
          code: /^( {4}[^\n]+\n*)+/,
          fences: /^ {0,3}(`{3,}(?=[^`\n]*\n)|~{3,})([^\n]*)\n(?:|([\s\S]*?)\n)(?: {0,3}\1[~`]* *(?:\n+|$)|$)/,
          hr: /^ {0,3}((?:- *){3,}|(?:_ *){3,}|(?:\* *){3,})(?:\n+|$)/,
          heading: /^ {0,3}(#{1,6}) +([^\n]*?)(?: +#+)? *(?:\n+|$)/,
          blockquote: /^( {0,3}> ?(paragraph|[^\n]*)(?:\n|$))+/,
          list: /^( {0,3})(bull) [\s\S]+?(?:hr|def|\n{2,}(?! )(?!\1bull )\n*|\s*$)/,
          html: '^ {0,3}(?:' // optional indentation
            + '<(script|pre|style)[\\s>][\\s\\S]*?(?:</\\1>[^\\n]*\\n+|$)' // (1)
            + '|comment[^\\n]*(\\n+|$)' // (2)
            + '|<\\?[\\s\\S]*?\\?>\\n*' // (3)
            + '|<![A-Z][\\s\\S]*?>\\n*' // (4)
            + '|<!\\[CDATA\\[[\\s\\S]*?\\]\\]>\\n*' // (5)
            + '|</?(tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\n{2,}|$)' // (6)
            + '|<(?!script|pre|style)([a-z][\\w-]*)(?:attribute)*? */?>(?=[ \\t]*(?:\\n|$))[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\n{2,}|$)' // (7) open tag
            + '|</(?!script|pre|style)[a-z][\\w-]*\\s*>(?=[ \\t]*(?:\\n|$))[\\s\\S]*?(?:\\n{2,}|$)' // (7) closing tag
            + ')',
          def: /^ {0,3}\[(label)\]: *\n? *<?([^\s>]+)>?(?:(?: +\n? *| *\n *)(title))? *(?:\n+|$)/,
          nptable: noopTest$1,
          table: noopTest$1,
          lheading: /^([^\n]+)\n {0,3}(=+|-+) *(?:\n+|$)/,
          // regex template, placeholders will be replaced according to different paragraph
          // interruption rules of commonmark and the original markdown spec:
          _paragraph: /^([^\n]+(?:\n(?!hr|heading|lheading|blockquote|fences|list|html)[^\n]+)*)/,
          text: /^[^\n]+/
        };

        block._label = /(?!\s*\])(?:\\[\[\]]|[^\[\]])+/;
        block._title = /(?:"(?:\\"?|[^"\\])*"|'[^'\n]*(?:\n[^'\n]+)*\n?'|\([^()]*\))/;
        block.def = edit$1(block.def)
          .replace('label', block._label)
          .replace('title', block._title)
          .getRegex();

        block.bullet = /(?:[*+-]|\d{1,9}\.)/;
        block.item = /^( *)(bull) ?[^\n]*(?:\n(?!\1bull ?)[^\n]*)*/;
        block.item = edit$1(block.item, 'gm')
          .replace(/bull/g, block.bullet)
          .getRegex();

        block.list = edit$1(block.list)
          .replace(/bull/g, block.bullet)
          .replace('hr', '\\n+(?=\\1?(?:(?:- *){3,}|(?:_ *){3,}|(?:\\* *){3,})(?:\\n+|$))')
          .replace('def', '\\n+(?=' + block.def.source + ')')
          .getRegex();

        block._tag = 'address|article|aside|base|basefont|blockquote|body|caption'
          + '|center|col|colgroup|dd|details|dialog|dir|div|dl|dt|fieldset|figcaption'
          + '|figure|footer|form|frame|frameset|h[1-6]|head|header|hr|html|iframe'
          + '|legend|li|link|main|menu|menuitem|meta|nav|noframes|ol|optgroup|option'
          + '|p|param|section|source|summary|table|tbody|td|tfoot|th|thead|title|tr'
          + '|track|ul';
        block._comment = /<!--(?!-?>)[\s\S]*?-->/;
        block.html = edit$1(block.html, 'i')
          .replace('comment', block._comment)
          .replace('tag', block._tag)
          .replace('attribute', / +[a-zA-Z:_][\w.:-]*(?: *= *"[^"\n]*"| *= *'[^'\n]*'| *= *[^\s"'=<>`]+)?/)
          .getRegex();

        block.paragraph = edit$1(block._paragraph)
          .replace('hr', block.hr)
          .replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ')
          .replace('|lheading', '') // setex headings don't interrupt commonmark paragraphs
          .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>')
          .replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n')
          .replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
          .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)')
          .replace('tag', block._tag) // pars can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
          .getRegex();

        block.blockquote = edit$1(block.blockquote)
          .replace('paragraph', block.paragraph)
          .getRegex();

        /**
         * Normal Block Grammar
         */

        block.normal = merge$2({}, block);

        /**
         * GFM Block Grammar
         */

        block.gfm = merge$2({}, block.normal, {
          nptable: '^ *([^|\\n ].*\\|.*)\\n' // Header
            + ' *([-:]+ *\\|[-| :]*)' // Align
            + '(?:\\n((?:(?!\\n|hr|heading|blockquote|code|fences|list|html).*(?:\\n|$))*)\\n*|$)', // Cells
          table: '^ *\\|(.+)\\n' // Header
            + ' *\\|?( *[-:]+[-| :]*)' // Align
            + '(?:\\n *((?:(?!\\n|hr|heading|blockquote|code|fences|list|html).*(?:\\n|$))*)\\n*|$)' // Cells
        });

        block.gfm.nptable = edit$1(block.gfm.nptable)
          .replace('hr', block.hr)
          .replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ')
          .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>')
          .replace('code', ' {4}[^\\n]')
          .replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n')
          .replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
          .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)')
          .replace('tag', block._tag) // tables can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
          .getRegex();

        block.gfm.table = edit$1(block.gfm.table)
          .replace('hr', block.hr)
          .replace('heading', ' {0,3}#{1,6} ')
          .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>')
          .replace('code', ' {4}[^\\n]')
          .replace('fences', ' {0,3}(?:`{3,}(?=[^`\\n]*\\n)|~{3,})[^\\n]*\\n')
          .replace('list', ' {0,3}(?:[*+-]|1[.)]) ') // only lists starting from 1 can interrupt
          .replace('html', '</?(?:tag)(?: +|\\n|/?>)|<(?:script|pre|style|!--)')
          .replace('tag', block._tag) // tables can be interrupted by type (6) html blocks
          .getRegex();

        /**
         * Pedantic grammar (original John Gruber's loose markdown specification)
         */

        block.pedantic = merge$2({}, block.normal, {
          html: edit$1(
            '^ *(?:comment *(?:\\n|\\s*$)'
            + '|<(tag)[\\s\\S]+?</\\1> *(?:\\n{2,}|\\s*$)' // closed tag
            + '|<tag(?:"[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\'|\\s[^\'"/>\\s]*)*?/?> *(?:\\n{2,}|\\s*$))')
            .replace('comment', block._comment)
            .replace(/tag/g, '(?!(?:'
              + 'a|em|strong|small|s|cite|q|dfn|abbr|data|time|code|var|samp|kbd|sub'
              + '|sup|i|b|u|mark|ruby|rt|rp|bdi|bdo|span|br|wbr|ins|del|img)'
              + '\\b)\\w+(?!:|[^\\w\\s@]*@)\\b')
            .getRegex(),
          def: /^ *\[([^\]]+)\]: *<?([^\s>]+)>?(?: +(["(][^\n]+[")]))? *(?:\n+|$)/,
          heading: /^ *(#{1,6}) *([^\n]+?) *(?:#+ *)?(?:\n+|$)/,
          fences: noopTest$1, // fences not supported
          paragraph: edit$1(block.normal._paragraph)
            .replace('hr', block.hr)
            .replace('heading', ' *#{1,6} *[^\n]')
            .replace('lheading', block.lheading)
            .replace('blockquote', ' {0,3}>')
            .replace('|fences', '')
            .replace('|list', '')
            .replace('|html', '')
            .getRegex()
        });

        /**
         * Inline-Level Grammar
         */
        var inline = {
          escape: /^\\([!"#$%&'()*+,\-./:;<=>?@\[\]\\^_`{|}~])/,
          autolink: /^<(scheme:[^\s\x00-\x1f<>]*|email)>/,
          url: noopTest$1,
          tag: '^comment'
            + '|^</[a-zA-Z][\\w:-]*\\s*>' // self-closing tag
            + '|^<[a-zA-Z][\\w-]*(?:attribute)*?\\s*/?>' // open tag
            + '|^<\\?[\\s\\S]*?\\?>' // processing instruction, e.g. <?php ?>
            + '|^<![a-zA-Z]+\\s[\\s\\S]*?>' // declaration, e.g. <!DOCTYPE html>
            + '|^<!\\[CDATA\\[[\\s\\S]*?\\]\\]>', // CDATA section
          link: /^!?\[(label)\]\(\s*(href)(?:\s+(title))?\s*\)/,
          reflink: /^!?\[(label)\]\[(?!\s*\])((?:\\[\[\]]?|[^\[\]\\])+)\]/,
          nolink: /^!?\[(?!\s*\])((?:\[[^\[\]]*\]|\\[\[\]]|[^\[\]])*)\](?:\[\])?/,
          strong: /^__([^\s_])__(?!_)|^\*\*([^\s*])\*\*(?!\*)|^__([^\s][\s\S]*?[^\s])__(?!_)|^\*\*([^\s][\s\S]*?[^\s])\*\*(?!\*)/,
          em: /^_([^\s_])_(?!_)|^_([^\s_<][\s\S]*?[^\s_])_(?!_|[^\spunctuation])|^_([^\s_<][\s\S]*?[^\s])_(?!_|[^\spunctuation])|^\*([^\s*<\[])\*(?!\*)|^\*([^\s<"][\s\S]*?[^\s\[\*])\*(?![\]`punctuation])|^\*([^\s*"<\[][\s\S]*[^\s])\*(?!\*)/,
          code: /^(`+)([^`]|[^`][\s\S]*?[^`])\1(?!`)/,
          br: /^( {2,}|\\)\n(?!\s*$)/,
          del: noopTest$1,
          text: /^(`+|[^`])(?:[\s\S]*?(?:(?=[\\<!\[`*]|\b_|$)|[^ ](?= {2,}\n))|(?= {2,}\n))/
        };

        // list of punctuation marks from common mark spec
        // without ` and ] to workaround Rule 17 (inline code blocks/links)
        inline._punctuation = '!"#$%&\'()*+\\-./:;<=>?@\\[^_{|}~';
        inline.em = edit$1(inline.em).replace(/punctuation/g, inline._punctuation).getRegex();

        inline._escapes = /\\([!"#$%&'()*+,\-./:;<=>?@\[\]\\^_`{|}~])/g;

        inline._scheme = /[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]{1,31}/;
        inline._email = /[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(@)[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)+(?![-_])/;
        inline.autolink = edit$1(inline.autolink)
          .replace('scheme', inline._scheme)
          .replace('email', inline._email)
          .getRegex();

        inline._attribute = /\s+[a-zA-Z:_][\w.:-]*(?:\s*=\s*"[^"]*"|\s*=\s*'[^']*'|\s*=\s*[^\s"'=<>`]+)?/;

        inline.tag = edit$1(inline.tag)
          .replace('comment', block._comment)
          .replace('attribute', inline._attribute)
          .getRegex();

        inline._label = /(?:\[[^\[\]]*\]|\\.|`[^`]*`|[^\[\]\\`])*?/;
        inline._href = /<(?:\\[<>]?|[^\s<>\\])*>|[^\s\x00-\x1f]*/;
        inline._title = /"(?:\\"?|[^"\\])*"|'(?:\\'?|[^'\\])*'|\((?:\\\)?|[^)\\])*\)/;

        inline.link = edit$1(inline.link)
          .replace('label', inline._label)
          .replace('href', inline._href)
          .replace('title', inline._title)
          .getRegex();

        inline.reflink = edit$1(inline.reflink)
          .replace('label', inline._label)
          .getRegex();

        /**
         * Normal Inline Grammar
         */

        inline.normal = merge$2({}, inline);

        /**
         * Pedantic Inline Grammar
         */

        inline.pedantic = merge$2({}, inline.normal, {
          strong: /^__(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)__(?!_)|^\*\*(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)\*\*(?!\*)/,
          em: /^_(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)_(?!_)|^\*(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)\*(?!\*)/,
          link: edit$1(/^!?\[(label)\]\((.*?)\)/)
            .replace('label', inline._label)
            .getRegex(),
          reflink: edit$1(/^!?\[(label)\]\s*\[([^\]]*)\]/)
            .replace('label', inline._label)
            .getRegex()
        });

        /**
         * GFM Inline Grammar
         */

        inline.gfm = merge$2({}, inline.normal, {
          escape: edit$1(inline.escape).replace('])', '~|])').getRegex(),
          _extended_email: /[A-Za-z0-9._+-]+(@)[a-zA-Z0-9-_]+(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9-_]*[a-zA-Z0-9])+(?![-_])/,
          url: /^((?:ftp|https?):\/\/|www\.)(?:[a-zA-Z0-9\-]+\.?)+[^\s<]*|^email/,
          _backpedal: /(?:[^?!.,:;*_~()&]+|\([^)]*\)|&(?![a-zA-Z0-9]+;$)|[?!.,:;*_~)]+(?!$))+/,
          del: /^~+(?=\S)([\s\S]*?\S)~+/,
          text: /^(`+|[^`])(?:[\s\S]*?(?:(?=[\\<!\[`*~]|\b_|https?:\/\/|ftp:\/\/|www\.|$)|[^ ](?= {2,}\n)|[^a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-](?=[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-]+@))|(?= {2,}\n|[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?_`{\|}~-]+@))/
        });

        inline.gfm.url = edit$1(inline.gfm.url, 'i')
          .replace('email', inline.gfm._extended_email)
          .getRegex();
        /**
         * GFM + Line Breaks Inline Grammar
         */

        inline.breaks = merge$2({}, inline.gfm, {
          br: edit$1(inline.br).replace('{2,}', '*').getRegex(),
          text: edit$1(inline.gfm.text)
            .replace('\\b_', '\\b_| {2,}\\n')
            .replace(/\{2,\}/g, '*')
            .getRegex()
        });

        var rules = {
          block: block,
          inline: inline
        };

        var defaults$2 = defaults.defaults;
        var block$1 = rules.block;
        var inline$1 = rules.inline;

        /**
         * smartypants text replacement
         */
        function smartypants(text) {
          return text
            // em-dashes
            .replace(/---/g, '\u2014')
            // en-dashes
            .replace(/--/g, '\u2013')
            // opening singles
            .replace(/(^|[-\u2014/(\[{"\s])'/g, '$1\u2018')
            // closing singles & apostrophes
            .replace(/'/g, '\u2019')
            // opening doubles
            .replace(/(^|[-\u2014/(\[{\u2018\s])"/g, '$1\u201c')
            // closing doubles
            .replace(/"/g, '\u201d')
            // ellipses
            .replace(/\.{3}/g, '\u2026');
        }

        /**
         * mangle email addresses
         */
        function mangle(text) {
          var out = '',
            i,
            ch;

          var l = text.length;
          for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
            ch = text.charCodeAt(i);
            if (Math.random() > 0.5) {
              ch = 'x' + ch.toString(16);
            }
            out += '&#' + ch + ';';
          }

          return out;
        }

        /**
         * Block Lexer
         */
        var Lexer_1 = /*@__PURE__*/(function () {
          function Lexer(options) {
            this.tokens = [];
            this.tokens.links = Object.create(null);
            this.options = options || defaults$2;
            this.options.tokenizer = this.options.tokenizer || new Tokenizer_1();
            this.tokenizer = this.options.tokenizer;
            this.tokenizer.options = this.options;

            var rules = {
              block: block$1.normal,
              inline: inline$1.normal
            };

            if (this.options.pedantic) {
              rules.block = block$1.pedantic;
              rules.inline = inline$1.pedantic;
            } else if (this.options.gfm) {
              rules.block = block$1.gfm;
              if (this.options.breaks) {
                rules.inline = inline$1.breaks;
              } else {
                rules.inline = inline$1.gfm;
              }
            }
            this.tokenizer.rules = rules;
          }

          var staticAccessors = { rules: { configurable: true } };

          /**
           * Expose Rules
           */
          staticAccessors.rules.get = function () {
            return {
              block: block$1,
              inline: inline$1
            };
          };

          /**
           * Static Lex Method
           */
          Lexer.lex = function lex (src, options) {
            var lexer = new Lexer(options);
            return lexer.lex(src);
          };

          /**
           * Preprocessing
           */
          Lexer.prototype.lex = function lex (src) {
            src = src
              .replace(/\r\n|\r/g, '\n')
              .replace(/\t/g, '    ');

            this.blockTokens(src, this.tokens, true);

            this.inline(this.tokens);

            return this.tokens;
          };

          /**
           * Lexing
           */
          Lexer.prototype.blockTokens = function blockTokens (src, tokens, top) {
            if ( tokens === void 0 ) tokens = [];
            if ( top === void 0 ) top = true;

            src = src.replace(/^ +$/gm, '');
            var token, i, l;

            while (src) {
              // newline
              if (token = this.tokenizer.space(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                if (token.type) {
                  tokens.push(token);
                }
                continue;
              }

              // code
              if (token = this.tokenizer.code(src, tokens)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // fences
              if (token = this.tokenizer.fences(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // heading
              if (token = this.tokenizer.heading(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // table no leading pipe (gfm)
              if (token = this.tokenizer.nptable(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // hr
              if (token = this.tokenizer.hr(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // blockquote
              if (token = this.tokenizer.blockquote(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                token.tokens = this.blockTokens(token.text, [], top);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // list
              if (token = this.tokenizer.list(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                l = token.items.length;
                for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                  token.items[i].tokens = this.blockTokens(token.items[i].text, [], false);
                }
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // html
              if (token = this.tokenizer.html(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // def
              if (top && (token = this.tokenizer.def(src))) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                if (!this.tokens.links[token.tag]) {
                  this.tokens.links[token.tag] = {
                    href: token.href,
                    title: token.title
                  };
                }
                continue;
              }

              // table (gfm)
              if (token = this.tokenizer.table(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // lheading
              if (token = this.tokenizer.lheading(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // top-level paragraph
              if (top && (token = this.tokenizer.paragraph(src))) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // text
              if (token = this.tokenizer.text(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              if (src) {
                var errMsg = 'Infinite loop on byte: ' + src.charCodeAt(0);
                if (this.options.silent) {
                  console.error(errMsg);
                  break;
                } else {
                  throw new Error(errMsg);
                }
              }
            }

            return tokens;
          };

          Lexer.prototype.inline = function inline (tokens) {
            var i,
              j,
              k,
              l2,
              row,
              token;

            var l = tokens.length;
            for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
              token = tokens[i];
              switch (token.type) {
                case 'paragraph':
                case 'text':
                case 'heading': {
                  token.tokens = [];
                  this.inlineTokens(token.text, token.tokens);
                  break;
                }
                case 'table': {
                  token.tokens = {
                    header: [],
                    cells: []
                  };

                  // header
                  l2 = token.header.length;
                  for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
                    token.tokens.header[j] = [];
                    this.inlineTokens(token.header[j], token.tokens.header[j]);
                  }

                  // cells
                  l2 = token.cells.length;
                  for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
                    row = token.cells[j];
                    token.tokens.cells[j] = [];
                    for (k = 0; k < row.length; k++) {
                      token.tokens.cells[j][k] = [];
                      this.inlineTokens(row[k], token.tokens.cells[j][k]);
                    }
                  }

                  break;
                }
                case 'blockquote': {
                  this.inline(token.tokens);
                  break;
                }
                case 'list': {
                  l2 = token.items.length;
                  for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
                    this.inline(token.items[j].tokens);
                  }
                  break;
                }
              }
            }

            return tokens;
          };

          /**
           * Lexing/Compiling
           */
          Lexer.prototype.inlineTokens = function inlineTokens (src, tokens, inLink, inRawBlock) {
            if ( tokens === void 0 ) tokens = [];
            if ( inLink === void 0 ) inLink = false;
            if ( inRawBlock === void 0 ) inRawBlock = false;

            var token;

            while (src) {
              // escape
              if (token = this.tokenizer.escape(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // tag
              if (token = this.tokenizer.tag(src, inLink, inRawBlock)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                inLink = token.inLink;
                inRawBlock = token.inRawBlock;
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // link
              if (token = this.tokenizer.link(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                if (token.type === 'link') {
                  token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], true, inRawBlock);
                }
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // reflink, nolink
              if (token = this.tokenizer.reflink(src, this.tokens.links)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                if (token.type === 'link') {
                  token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], true, inRawBlock);
                }
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // strong
              if (token = this.tokenizer.strong(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // em
              if (token = this.tokenizer.em(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // code
              if (token = this.tokenizer.codespan(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // br
              if (token = this.tokenizer.br(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // del (gfm)
              if (token = this.tokenizer.del(src)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                token.tokens = this.inlineTokens(token.text, [], inLink, inRawBlock);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // autolink
              if (token = this.tokenizer.autolink(src, mangle)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // url (gfm)
              if (!inLink && (token = this.tokenizer.url(src, mangle))) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              // text
              if (token = this.tokenizer.inlineText(src, inRawBlock, smartypants)) {
                src = src.substring(token.raw.length);
                tokens.push(token);
                continue;
              }

              if (src) {
                var errMsg = 'Infinite loop on byte: ' + src.charCodeAt(0);
                if (this.options.silent) {
                  console.error(errMsg);
                  break;
                } else {
                  throw new Error(errMsg);
                }
              }
            }

            return tokens;
          };

          Object.defineProperties( Lexer, staticAccessors );

          return Lexer;
        }());

        var defaults$3 = defaults.defaults;
        var cleanUrl$1 = helpers.cleanUrl;
        var escape$3 = helpers.escape;

        /**
         * Renderer
         */
        var Renderer_1 = /*@__PURE__*/(function () {
          function Renderer(options) {
            this.options = options || defaults$3;
          }

          Renderer.prototype.code = function code (code$1, infostring, escaped) {
            var lang = (infostring || '').match(/\S*/)[0];
            if (this.options.highlight) {
              var out = this.options.highlight(code$1, lang);
              if (out != null && out !== code$1) {
                escaped = true;
                code$1 = out;
              }
            }

            if (!lang) {
              return '<pre><code>'
                + (escaped ? code$1 : escape$3(code$1, true))
                + '</code></pre>';
            }

            return '<pre><code class="'
              + this.options.langPrefix
              + escape$3(lang, true)
              + '">'
              + (escaped ? code$1 : escape$3(code$1, true))
              + '</code></pre>\n';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.blockquote = function blockquote (quote) {
            return '<blockquote>\n' + quote + '</blockquote>\n';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.html = function html (html$1) {
            return html$1;
          };

          Renderer.prototype.heading = function heading (text, level, raw, slugger) {
            if (this.options.headerIds) {
              return '<h'
                + level
                + ' id="'
                + this.options.headerPrefix
                + slugger.slug(raw)
                + '">'
                + text
                + '</h'
                + level
                + '>\n';
            }
            // ignore IDs
            return '<h' + level + '>' + text + '</h' + level + '>\n';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.hr = function hr () {
            return this.options.xhtml ? '<hr/>\n' : '<hr>\n';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.list = function list (body, ordered, start) {
            var type = ordered ? 'ol' : 'ul',
              startatt = (ordered && start !== 1) ? (' start="' + start + '"') : '';
            return '<' + type + startatt + '>\n' + body + '</' + type + '>\n';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.listitem = function listitem (text) {
            return '<li>' + text + '</li>\n';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.checkbox = function checkbox (checked) {
            return '<input '
              + (checked ? 'checked="" ' : '')
              + 'disabled="" type="checkbox"'
              + (this.options.xhtml ? ' /' : '')
              + '> ';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.paragraph = function paragraph (text) {
            return '<p>' + text + '</p>\n';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.table = function table (header, body) {
            if (body) { body = '<tbody>' + body + '</tbody>'; }

            return '<table>\n'
              + '<thead>\n'
              + header
              + '</thead>\n'
              + body
              + '</table>\n';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.tablerow = function tablerow (content) {
            return '<tr>\n' + content + '</tr>\n';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.tablecell = function tablecell (content, flags) {
            var type = flags.header ? 'th' : 'td';
            var tag = flags.align
              ? '<' + type + ' align="' + flags.align + '">'
              : '<' + type + '>';
            return tag + content + '</' + type + '>\n';
          };

          // span level renderer
          Renderer.prototype.strong = function strong (text) {
            return '<strong>' + text + '</strong>';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.em = function em (text) {
            return '<em>' + text + '</em>';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.codespan = function codespan (text) {
            return '<code>' + text + '</code>';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.br = function br () {
            return this.options.xhtml ? '<br/>' : '<br>';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.del = function del (text) {
            return '<del>' + text + '</del>';
          };

          Renderer.prototype.link = function link (href, title, text) {
            href = cleanUrl$1(this.options.sanitize, this.options.baseUrl, href);
            if (href === null) {
              return text;
            }
            var out = '<a href="' + escape$3(href) + '"';
            if (title) {
              out += ' title="' + title + '"';
            }
            out += '>' + text + '</a>';
            return out;
          };

          Renderer.prototype.image = function image (href, title, text) {
            href = cleanUrl$1(this.options.sanitize, this.options.baseUrl, href);
            if (href === null) {
              return text;
            }

            var out = '<img src="' + href + '" alt="' + text + '"';
            if (title) {
              out += ' title="' + title + '"';
            }
            out += this.options.xhtml ? '/>' : '>';
            return out;
          };

          Renderer.prototype.text = function text (text$1) {
            return text$1;
          };

          return Renderer;
        }());

        /**
         * TextRenderer
         * returns only the textual part of the token
         */
        var TextRenderer_1 = /*@__PURE__*/(function () {
          function TextRenderer () {}

          TextRenderer.prototype.strong = function strong (text) {
            return text;
          };

          TextRenderer.prototype.em = function em (text) {
            return text;
          };

          TextRenderer.prototype.codespan = function codespan (text) {
            return text;
          };

          TextRenderer.prototype.del = function del (text) {
            return text;
          };

          TextRenderer.prototype.html = function html (text) {
            return text;
          };

          TextRenderer.prototype.text = function text (text$1) {
            return text$1;
          };

          TextRenderer.prototype.link = function link (href, title, text) {
            return '' + text;
          };

          TextRenderer.prototype.image = function image (href, title, text) {
            return '' + text;
          };

          TextRenderer.prototype.br = function br () {
            return '';
          };

          return TextRenderer;
        }());

        /**
         * Slugger generates header id
         */
        var Slugger_1 = /*@__PURE__*/(function () {
          function Slugger() {
            this.seen = {};
          }

          /**
           * Convert string to unique id
           */
          Slugger.prototype.slug = function slug (value) {
            var slug = value
              .toLowerCase()
              .trim()
              // remove html tags
              .replace(/<[!\/a-z].*?>/ig, '')
              // remove unwanted chars
              .replace(/[\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F\\'!"#$%&()*+,./:;<=>?@[\]^`{|}~]/g, '')
              .replace(/\s/g, '-');

            if (this.seen.hasOwnProperty(slug)) {
              var originalSlug = slug;
              do {
                this.seen[originalSlug]++;
                slug = originalSlug + '-' + this.seen[originalSlug];
              } while (this.seen.hasOwnProperty(slug));
            }
            this.seen[slug] = 0;

            return slug;
          };

          return Slugger;
        }());

        var defaults$4 = defaults.defaults;
        var unescape$2 = helpers.unescape;

        /**
         * Parsing & Compiling
         */
        var Parser_1 = /*@__PURE__*/(function () {
          function Parser(options) {
            this.options = options || defaults$4;
            this.options.renderer = this.options.renderer || new Renderer_1();
            this.renderer = this.options.renderer;
            this.renderer.options = this.options;
            this.textRenderer = new TextRenderer_1();
            this.slugger = new Slugger_1();
          }

          /**
           * Static Parse Method
           */
          Parser.parse = function parse (tokens, options) {
            var parser = new Parser(options);
            return parser.parse(tokens);
          };

          /**
           * Parse Loop
           */
          Parser.prototype.parse = function parse (tokens, top) {
            if ( top === void 0 ) top = true;

            var out = '',
              i,
              j,
              k,
              l2,
              l3,
              row,
              cell,
              header,
              body,
              token,
              ordered,
              start,
              loose,
              itemBody,
              item,
              checked,
              task,
              checkbox;

            var l = tokens.length;
            for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
              token = tokens[i];
              switch (token.type) {
                case 'space': {
                  continue;
                }
                case 'hr': {
                  out += this.renderer.hr();
                  continue;
                }
                case 'heading': {
                  out += this.renderer.heading(
                    this.parseInline(token.tokens),
                    token.depth,
                    unescape$2(this.parseInline(token.tokens, this.textRenderer)),
                    this.slugger);
                  continue;
                }
                case 'code': {
                  out += this.renderer.code(token.text,
                    token.lang,
                    token.escaped);
                  continue;
                }
                case 'table': {
                  header = '';

                  // header
                  cell = '';
                  l2 = token.header.length;
                  for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
                    cell += this.renderer.tablecell(
                      this.parseInline(token.tokens.header[j]),
                      { header: true, align: token.align[j] }
                    );
                  }
                  header += this.renderer.tablerow(cell);

                  body = '';
                  l2 = token.cells.length;
                  for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
                    row = token.tokens.cells[j];

                    cell = '';
                    l3 = row.length;
                    for (k = 0; k < l3; k++) {
                      cell += this.renderer.tablecell(
                        this.parseInline(row[k]),
                        { header: false, align: token.align[k] }
                      );
                    }

                    body += this.renderer.tablerow(cell);
                  }
                  out += this.renderer.table(header, body);
                  continue;
                }
                case 'blockquote': {
                  body = this.parse(token.tokens);
                  out += this.renderer.blockquote(body);
                  continue;
                }
                case 'list': {
                  ordered = token.ordered;
                  start = token.start;
                  loose = token.loose;
                  l2 = token.items.length;

                  body = '';
                  for (j = 0; j < l2; j++) {
                    item = token.items[j];
                    checked = item.checked;
                    task = item.task;

                    itemBody = '';
                    if (item.task) {
                      checkbox = this.renderer.checkbox(checked);
                      if (loose) {
                        if (item.tokens[0].type === 'text') {
                          item.tokens[0].text = checkbox + ' ' + item.tokens[0].text;
                          if (item.tokens[0].tokens && item.tokens[0].tokens.length > 0 && item.tokens[0].tokens[0].type === 'text') {
                            item.tokens[0].tokens[0].text = checkbox + ' ' + item.tokens[0].tokens[0].text;
                          }
                        } else {
                          item.tokens.unshift({
                            type: 'text',
                            text: checkbox
                          });
                        }
                      } else {
                        itemBody += checkbox;
                      }
                    }

                    itemBody += this.parse(item.tokens, loose);
                    body += this.renderer.listitem(itemBody, task, checked);
                  }

                  out += this.renderer.list(body, ordered, start);
                  continue;
                }
                case 'html': {
                  // TODO parse inline content if parameter markdown=1
                  out += this.renderer.html(token.text);
                  continue;
                }
                case 'paragraph': {
                  out += this.renderer.paragraph(this.parseInline(token.tokens));
                  continue;
                }
                case 'text': {
                  body = token.tokens ? this.parseInline(token.tokens) : token.text;
                  while (i + 1 < l && tokens[i + 1].type === 'text') {
                    token = tokens[++i];
                    body += '\n' + (token.tokens ? this.parseInline(token.tokens) : token.text);
                  }
                  out += top ? this.renderer.paragraph(body) : body;
                  continue;
                }
                default: {
                  var errMsg = 'Token with "' + token.type + '" type was not found.';
                  if (this.options.silent) {
                    console.error(errMsg);
                    return;
                  } else {
                    throw new Error(errMsg);
                  }
                }
              }
            }

            return out;
          };

          /**
           * Parse Inline Tokens
           */
          Parser.prototype.parseInline = function parseInline (tokens, renderer) {
            renderer = renderer || this.renderer;
            var out = '',
              i,
              token;

            var l = tokens.length;
            for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
              token = tokens[i];
              switch (token.type) {
                case 'escape': {
                  out += renderer.text(token.text);
                  break;
                }
                case 'html': {
                  out += renderer.html(token.text);
                  break;
                }
                case 'link': {
                  out += renderer.link(token.href, token.title, this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
                  break;
                }
                case 'image': {
                  out += renderer.image(token.href, token.title, token.text);
                  break;
                }
                case 'strong': {
                  out += renderer.strong(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
                  break;
                }
                case 'em': {
                  out += renderer.em(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
                  break;
                }
                case 'codespan': {
                  out += renderer.codespan(token.text);
                  break;
                }
                case 'br': {
                  out += renderer.br();
                  break;
                }
                case 'del': {
                  out += renderer.del(this.parseInline(token.tokens, renderer));
                  break;
                }
                case 'text': {
                  out += renderer.text(token.text);
                  break;
                }
                default: {
                  var errMsg = 'Token with "' + token.type + '" type was not found.';
                  if (this.options.silent) {
                    console.error(errMsg);
                    return;
                  } else {
                    throw new Error(errMsg);
                  }
                }
              }
            }
            return out;
          };

          return Parser;
        }());

        var merge$3 = helpers.merge;
        var checkSanitizeDeprecation$1 = helpers.checkSanitizeDeprecation;
        var escape$4 = helpers.escape;
        var getDefaults = defaults.getDefaults;
        var changeDefaults = defaults.changeDefaults;
        var defaults$5 = defaults.defaults;

        /**
         * Marked
         */
        function marked(src, opt, callback) {
          // throw error in case of non string input
          if (typeof src === 'undefined' || src === null) {
            throw new Error('marked(): input parameter is undefined or null');
          }
          if (typeof src !== 'string') {
            throw new Error('marked(): input parameter is of type '
              + Object.prototype.toString.call(src) + ', string expected');
          }

          if (callback || typeof opt === 'function') {
            if (!callback) {
              callback = opt;
              opt = null;
            }

            opt = merge$3({}, marked.defaults, opt || {});
            checkSanitizeDeprecation$1(opt);
            var highlight = opt.highlight;
            var tokens,
              pending,
              i = 0;

            try {
              tokens = Lexer_1.lex(src, opt);
            } catch (e) {
              return callback(e);
            }

            pending = tokens.length;

            var done = function(err) {
              if (err) {
                opt.highlight = highlight;
                return callback(err);
              }

              var out;

              try {
                out = Parser_1.parse(tokens, opt);
              } catch (e) {
                err = e;
              }

              opt.highlight = highlight;

              return err
                ? callback(err)
                : callback(null, out);
            };

            if (!highlight || highlight.length < 3) {
              return done();
            }

            delete opt.highlight;

            if (!pending) { return done(); }

            for (; i < tokens.length; i++) {
              (function(token) {
                if (token.type !== 'code') {
                  return --pending || done();
                }
                return highlight(token.text, token.lang, function(err, code) {
                  if (err) { return done(err); }
                  if (code == null || code === token.text) {
                    return --pending || done();
                  }
                  token.text = code;
                  token.escaped = true;
                  --pending || done();
                });
              })(tokens[i]);
            }

            return;
          }
          try {
            opt = merge$3({}, marked.defaults, opt || {});
            checkSanitizeDeprecation$1(opt);
            return Parser_1.parse(Lexer_1.lex(src, opt), opt);
          } catch (e$1) {
            e$1.message += '\nPlease report this to https://github.com/markedjs/marked.';
            if ((opt || marked.defaults).silent) {
              return '<p>An error occurred:</p><pre>'
                + escape$4(e$1.message + '', true)
                + '</pre>';
            }
            throw e$1;
          }
        }

        /**
         * Options
         */

        marked.options =
        marked.setOptions = function(opt) {
          merge$3(marked.defaults, opt);
          changeDefaults(marked.defaults);
          return marked;
        };

        marked.getDefaults = getDefaults;

        marked.defaults = defaults$5;

        /**
         * Use Extension
         */

        marked.use = function(extension) {
          var opts = merge$3({}, extension);
          if (extension.renderer) {
            var renderer = marked.defaults.renderer || new Renderer_1();
            var loop = function ( prop ) {
              var prevRenderer = renderer[prop];
              renderer[prop] = function () {
                var args = [], len = arguments.length;
                while ( len-- ) args[ len ] = arguments[ len ];

                var ret = extension.renderer[prop].apply(renderer, args);
                if (ret === false) {
                  ret = prevRenderer.apply(renderer, args);
                }
                return ret;
              };
            };

            for (var prop in extension.renderer) loop( prop );
            opts.renderer = renderer;
          }
          if (extension.tokenizer) {
            var tokenizer = marked.defaults.tokenizer || new Tokenizer_1();
            var loop$1 = function ( prop ) {
              var prevTokenizer = tokenizer[prop$1];
              tokenizer[prop$1] = function () {
                var args = [], len = arguments.length;
                while ( len-- ) args[ len ] = arguments[ len ];

                var ret = extension.tokenizer[prop$1].apply(tokenizer, args);
                if (ret === false) {
                  ret = prevTokenizer.apply(tokenizer, args);
                }
                return ret;
              };
            };

            for (var prop$1 in extension.tokenizer) loop$1( prop );
            opts.tokenizer = tokenizer;
          }
          marked.setOptions(opts);
        };

        /**
         * Expose
         */

        marked.Parser = Parser_1;
        marked.parser = Parser_1.parse;

        marked.Renderer = Renderer_1;
        marked.TextRenderer = TextRenderer_1;

        marked.Lexer = Lexer_1;
        marked.lexer = Lexer_1.lex;

        marked.Tokenizer = Tokenizer_1;

        marked.Slugger = Slugger_1;

        marked.parse = marked;

        var marked_1 = marked;

        var tiler$2 = utilTiler();
        var dispatch$3 = dispatch('loaded');
        var _tileZoom$2 = 14;
        var _osmoseUrlRoot = 'https://osmose.openstreetmap.fr/api/0.3';
        var _osmoseData = { icons: {}, items: [] };

        // This gets reassigned if reset
        var _cache$2;

        function abortRequest$2(controller) {
          if (controller) {
            controller.abort();
          }
        }

        function abortUnwantedRequests$2(cache, tiles) {
          Object.keys(cache.inflightTile).forEach(function (k) {
            var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) { return k === tile.id; });
            if (!wanted) {
              abortRequest$2(cache.inflightTile[k]);
              delete cache.inflightTile[k];
            }
          });
        }

        function encodeIssueRtree$2(d) {
          return { minX: d.loc[0], minY: d.loc[1], maxX: d.loc[0], maxY: d.loc[1], data: d };
        }

        // Replace or remove QAItem from rtree
        function updateRtree$2(item, replace) {
          _cache$2.rtree.remove(item, function (a, b) { return a.data.id === b.data.id; });

          if (replace) {
            _cache$2.rtree.insert(item);
          }
        }

        // Issues shouldn't obscure each other
        function preventCoincident$1(loc) {
          var coincident = false;
          do {
            // first time, move marker up. after that, move marker right.
            var delta = coincident ? [0.00001, 0] : [0, 0.00001];
            loc = geoVecAdd(loc, delta);
            var bbox = geoExtent(loc).bbox();
            coincident = _cache$2.rtree.search(bbox).length;
          } while (coincident);

          return loc;
        }

        var serviceOsmose = {
          title: 'osmose',

          init: function init() {
            _mainFileFetcher.get('qa_data')
              .then(function (d) {
                _osmoseData = d.osmose;
                _osmoseData.items = Object.keys(d.osmose.icons)
                  .map(function (s) { return s.split('-')[0]; })
                  .reduce(function (unique, item) { return unique.indexOf(item) !== -1 ? unique : unique.concat( [item]); }, []);
              });

            if (!_cache$2) {
              this.reset();
            }

            this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$3, 'on');
          },

          reset: function reset() {
            var _strings = {};
            var _colors = {};
            if (_cache$2) {
              Object.values(_cache$2.inflightTile).forEach(abortRequest$2);
              // Strings and colors are static and should not be re-populated
              _strings = _cache$2.strings;
              _colors = _cache$2.colors;
            }
            _cache$2 = {
              data: {},
              loadedTile: {},
              inflightTile: {},
              inflightPost: {},
              closed: {},
              rtree: new RBush(),
              strings: _strings,
              colors: _colors
            };
          },

          loadIssues: function loadIssues(projection) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var params = {
              // Tiles return a maximum # of issues
              // So we want to filter our request for only types iD supports
              item: _osmoseData.items
            };

            // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
            var tiles = tiler$2
              .zoomExtent([_tileZoom$2, _tileZoom$2])
              .getTiles(projection);

            // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
            abortUnwantedRequests$2(_cache$2, tiles);

            // issue new requests..
            tiles.forEach(function (tile) {
              if (_cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] || _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id]) { return; }

              var ref = tile.xyz;
              var x = ref[0];
              var y = ref[1];
              var z = ref[2];
              var url = _osmoseUrlRoot + "/issues/" + z + "/" + x + "/" + y + ".json?" + utilQsString(params);

              var controller = new AbortController();
              _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id] = controller;

              d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
                .then(function (data) {
                  delete _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id];
                  _cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;

                  if (data.features) {
                    data.features.forEach(function (issue) {
                      var ref = issue.properties;
                      var item = ref.item;
                      var cl = ref.class;
                      var id = ref.uuid;
                      /* Osmose issues are uniquely identified by a unique
                        `item` and `class` combination (both integer values) */
                      var itemType = item + "-" + cl;

                      // Filter out unsupported issue types (some are too specific or advanced)
                      if (itemType in _osmoseData.icons) {
                        var loc = issue.geometry.coordinates; // lon, lat
                        loc = preventCoincident$1(loc);

                        var d = new QAItem(loc, this$1, itemType, id, { item: item });

                        // Setting elems here prevents UI detail requests
                        if (item === 8300 || item === 8360) {
                          d.elems = [];
                        }

                        _cache$2.data[d.id] = d;
                        _cache$2.rtree.insert(encodeIssueRtree$2(d));
                      }
                    });
                  }

                  dispatch$3.call('loaded');
                })
                .catch(function () {
                  delete _cache$2.inflightTile[tile.id];
                  _cache$2.loadedTile[tile.id] = true;
                });
            });
          },

          loadIssueDetail: function loadIssueDetail(issue) {
            var this$1 = this;

            // Issue details only need to be fetched once
            if (issue.elems !== undefined) {
              return Promise.resolve(issue);
            }

            var url = _osmoseUrlRoot + "/issue/" + (issue.id) + "?langs=" + (_mainLocalizer.localeCode());
            var cacheDetails = function (data) {
              // Associated elements used for highlighting
              // Assign directly for immediate use in the callback
              issue.elems = data.elems.map(function (e) { return e.type.substring(0,1) + e.id; });

              // Some issues have instance specific detail in a subtitle
              issue.detail = data.subtitle ? marked_1(data.subtitle.auto) : '';

              this$1.replaceItem(issue);
            };

            return d3_json(url).then(cacheDetails).then(function () { return issue; });
          },

          loadStrings: function loadStrings(locale) {
            if ( locale === void 0 ) locale=_mainLocalizer.localeCode();

            var items = Object.keys(_osmoseData.icons);

            if (
              locale in _cache$2.strings
              && Object.keys(_cache$2.strings[locale]).length === items.length
            ) {
                return Promise.resolve(_cache$2.strings[locale]);
            }

            // May be partially populated already if some requests were successful
            if (!(locale in _cache$2.strings)) {
              _cache$2.strings[locale] = {};
            }

            // Only need to cache strings for supported issue types
            // Using multiple individual item + class requests to reduce fetched data size
            var allRequests = items.map(function (itemType) {
              // No need to request data we already have
              if (itemType in _cache$2.strings[locale]) { return; }

              var cacheData = function (data) {
                // Bunch of nested single value arrays of objects
                var ref = data.categories;
                var cat = ref[0]; if ( cat === void 0 ) cat = {items:[]};
                var ref$1 = cat.items;
                var item = ref$1[0]; if ( item === void 0 ) item = {class:[]};
                var ref$2 = item.class;
                var cl = ref$2[0]; if ( cl === void 0 ) cl = null;

                // If null default value is reached, data wasn't as expected (or was empty)
                if (!cl) {
                  /* eslint-disable no-console */
                  console.log(("Osmose strings request (" + itemType + ") had unexpected data"));
                  /* eslint-enable no-console */
                  return;
                }

                // Cache served item colors to automatically style issue markers later
                var itemInt = item.item;
                var color = item.color;
                if (/^#[A-Fa-f0-9]{6}|[A-Fa-f0-9]{3}/.test(color)) {
                  _cache$2.colors[itemInt] = color;
                }

                // Value of root key will be null if no string exists
                // If string exists, value is an object with key 'auto' for string
                var title = cl.title;
                var detail = cl.detail;
                var fix = cl.fix;
                var trap = cl.trap;

                // Osmose titles shouldn't contain markdown
                var issueStrings = {};
                if (title) { issueStrings.title = title.auto; }
                if (detail) { issueStrings.detail = marked_1(detail.auto); }
                if (trap) { issueStrings.trap = marked_1(trap.auto); }
                if (fix) { issueStrings.fix = marked_1(fix.auto); }

                _cache$2.strings[locale][itemType] = issueStrings;
              };

              var ref = itemType.split('-');
              var item = ref[0];
              var cl = ref[1];

              // Osmose API falls back to English strings where untranslated or if locale doesn't exist
              var url = _osmoseUrlRoot + "/items/" + item + "/class/" + cl + "?langs=" + locale;

              return d3_json(url).then(cacheData);
            });

            return Promise.all(allRequests).then(function () { return _cache$2.strings[locale]; });
          },

          getStrings: function getStrings(itemType, locale) {
            if ( locale === void 0 ) locale=_mainLocalizer.localeCode();

            // No need to fallback to English, Osmose API handles this for us
            return (locale in _cache$2.strings) ? _cache$2.strings[locale][itemType] : {};
          },

          getColor: function getColor(itemType) {
            return (itemType in _cache$2.colors) ? _cache$2.colors[itemType] : '#FFFFFF';
          },

          postUpdate: function postUpdate(issue, callback) {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (_cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id]) {
              return callback({ message: 'Issue update already inflight', status: -2 }, issue);
            }

            // UI sets the status to either 'done' or 'false'
            var url = _osmoseUrlRoot + "/issue/" + (issue.id) + "/" + (issue.newStatus);
            var controller = new AbortController();
            var after = function () {
              delete _cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id];

              this$1.removeItem(issue);
              if (issue.newStatus === 'done') {
                // Keep track of the number of issues closed per `item` to tag the changeset
                if (!(issue.item in _cache$2.closed)) {
                  _cache$2.closed[issue.item] = 0;
                }
                _cache$2.closed[issue.item] += 1;
              }
              if (callback) { callback(null, issue); }
            };

            _cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id] = controller;

            fetch(url, { signal: controller.signal })
              .then(after)
              .catch(function (err) {
                delete _cache$2.inflightPost[issue.id];
                if (callback) { callback(err.message); }
              });
          },

          // Get all cached QAItems covering the viewport
          getItems: function getItems(projection) {
            var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
            var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
            var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
            var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();

            return _cache$2.rtree.search(bbox).map(function (d) { return d.data; });
          },

          // Get a QAItem from cache
          // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
          getError: function getError(id) {
            return _cache$2.data[id];
          },

          // get the name of the icon to display for this item
          getIcon: function getIcon(itemType) {
            return _osmoseData.icons[itemType];
          },

          // Replace a single QAItem in the cache
          replaceItem: function replaceItem(item) {
            if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) { return; }

            _cache$2.data[item.id] = item;
            updateRtree$2(encodeIssueRtree$2(item), true); // true = replace
            return item;
          },

          // Remove a single QAItem from the cache
          removeItem: function removeItem(item) {
            if (!(item instanceof QAItem) || !item.id) { return; }

            delete _cache$2.data[item.id];
            updateRtree$2(encodeIssueRtree$2(item), false); // false = remove
          },

          // Used to populate `closed:osmose:*` changeset tags
          getClosedCounts: function getClosedCounts() {
            return _cache$2.closed;
          },

          itemURL: function itemURL(item) {
            return ("https://osmose.openstreetmap.fr/en/error/" + (item.id));
          }
        };

        /*
            A standalone SVG element that contains only a `defs` sub-element. To be
            used once globally, since defs IDs must be unique within a document.
        */
        function svgDefs(context) {

            function drawDefs(selection) {
                var defs = selection.append('defs');

                // add markers
                defs
                    .append('marker')
                    .attr('id', 'ideditor-oneway-marker')
                    .attr('viewBox', '0 0 10 5')
                    .attr('refX', 2.5)
                    .attr('refY', 2.5)
                    .attr('markerWidth', 2)
                    .attr('markerHeight', 2)
                    .attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth')
                    .attr('orient', 'auto')
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', 'oneway-marker-path')
                    .attr('d', 'M 5,3 L 0,3 L 0,2 L 5,2 L 5,0 L 10,2.5 L 5,5 z')
                    .attr('stroke', 'none')
                    .attr('fill', '#000')
                    .attr('opacity', '0.75');

                // SVG markers have to be given a colour where they're defined
                // (they can't inherit it from the line they're attached to),
                // so we need to manually define markers for each color of tag
                // (also, it's slightly nicer if we can control the
                // positioning for different tags)
                function addSidedMarker(name, color, offset) {
                    defs
                        .append('marker')
                        .attr('id', 'ideditor-sided-marker-' + name)
                        .attr('viewBox', '0 0 2 2')
                        .attr('refX', 1)
                        .attr('refY', -offset)
                        .attr('markerWidth', 1.5)
                        .attr('markerHeight', 1.5)
                        .attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth')
                        .attr('orient', 'auto')
                        .append('path')
                        .attr('class', 'sided-marker-path sided-marker-' + name + '-path')
                        .attr('d', 'M 0,0 L 1,1 L 2,0 z')
                        .attr('stroke', 'none')
                        .attr('fill', color);
                }
                addSidedMarker('natural', 'rgb(170, 170, 170)', 0);
                // for a coastline, the arrows are (somewhat unintuitively) on
                // the water side, so let's color them blue (with a gap) to
                // give a stronger indication
                addSidedMarker('coastline', '#77dede', 1);
                addSidedMarker('waterway', '#77dede', 1);
                // barriers have a dashed line, and separating the triangle
                // from the line visually suits that
                addSidedMarker('barrier', '#ddd', 1);
                addSidedMarker('man_made', '#fff', 0);

                defs
                    .append('marker')
                    .attr('id', 'ideditor-viewfield-marker')
                    .attr('viewBox', '0 0 16 16')
                    .attr('refX', 8)
                    .attr('refY', 16)
                    .attr('markerWidth', 4)
                    .attr('markerHeight', 4)
                    .attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth')
                    .attr('orient', 'auto')
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield-marker-path')
                    .attr('d', 'M 6,14 C 8,13.4 8,13.4 10,14 L 16,3 C 12,0 4,0 0,3 z')
                    .attr('fill', '#333')
                    .attr('fill-opacity', '0.75')
                    .attr('stroke', '#fff')
                    .attr('stroke-width', '0.5px')
                    .attr('stroke-opacity', '0.75');

                defs
                    .append('marker')
                    .attr('id', 'ideditor-viewfield-marker-wireframe')
                    .attr('viewBox', '0 0 16 16')
                    .attr('refX', 8)
                    .attr('refY', 16)
                    .attr('markerWidth', 4)
                    .attr('markerHeight', 4)
                    .attr('markerUnits', 'strokeWidth')
                    .attr('orient', 'auto')
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield-marker-path')
                    .attr('d', 'M 6,14 C 8,13.4 8,13.4 10,14 L 16,3 C 12,0 4,0 0,3 z')
                    .attr('fill', 'none')
                    .attr('stroke', '#fff')
                    .attr('stroke-width', '0.5px')
                    .attr('stroke-opacity', '0.75');

                // add patterns
                var patterns = defs.selectAll('pattern')
                    .data([
                        // pattern name, pattern image name
                        ['beach', 'dots'],
                        ['construction', 'construction'],
                        ['cemetery', 'cemetery'],
                        ['cemetery_christian', 'cemetery_christian'],
                        ['cemetery_buddhist', 'cemetery_buddhist'],
                        ['cemetery_muslim', 'cemetery_muslim'],
                        ['cemetery_jewish', 'cemetery_jewish'],
                        ['farmland', 'farmland'],
                        ['farmyard', 'farmyard'],
                        ['forest', 'forest'],
                        ['forest_broadleaved', 'forest_broadleaved'],
                        ['forest_needleleaved', 'forest_needleleaved'],
                        ['forest_leafless', 'forest_leafless'],
                        ['golf_green', 'grass'],
                        ['grass', 'grass'],
                        ['landfill', 'landfill'],
                        ['meadow', 'grass'],
                        ['orchard', 'orchard'],
                        ['pond', 'pond'],
                        ['quarry', 'quarry'],
                        ['scrub', 'bushes'],
                        ['vineyard', 'vineyard'],
                        ['water_standing', 'lines'],
                        ['waves', 'waves'],
                        ['wetland', 'wetland'],
                        ['wetland_marsh', 'wetland_marsh'],
                        ['wetland_swamp', 'wetland_swamp'],
                        ['wetland_bog', 'wetland_bog'],
                        ['wetland_reedbed', 'wetland_reedbed']
                    ])
                    .enter()
                    .append('pattern')
                    .attr('id', function (d) { return 'ideditor-pattern-' + d[0]; })
                    .attr('width', 32)
                    .attr('height', 32)
                    .attr('patternUnits', 'userSpaceOnUse');

                patterns
                    .append('rect')
                    .attr('x', 0)
                    .attr('y', 0)
                    .attr('width', 32)
                    .attr('height', 32)
                    .attr('class', function (d) { return 'pattern-color-' + d[0]; });

                patterns
                    .append('image')
                    .attr('x', 0)
                    .attr('y', 0)
                    .attr('width', 32)
                    .attr('height', 32)
                    .attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
                        return context.imagePath('pattern/' + d[1] + '.png');
                    });

                // add clip paths
                defs.selectAll('clipPath')
                    .data([12, 18, 20, 32, 45])
                    .enter()
                    .append('clipPath')
                    .attr('id', function (d) { return 'ideditor-clip-square-' + d; })
                    .append('rect')
                    .attr('x', 0)
                    .attr('y', 0)
                    .attr('width', function (d) { return d; })
                    .attr('height', function (d) { return d; });

                // add symbol spritesheets
                defs
                    .call(drawDefs.addSprites, [
                        'iD-sprite', 'maki-sprite', 'temaki-sprite', 'fa-sprite', 'tnp-sprite', 'community-sprite'
                    ], true);
            }


            drawDefs.addSprites = function(selection, ids, overrideColors) {
                var spritesheets = selection.selectAll('.spritesheet');
                var currData = spritesheets.data();
                var data = utilArrayUniq(currData.concat(ids));

                spritesheets
                    .data(data)
                    .enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'spritesheet spritesheet-' + d; })
                    .each(function(d) {
                        var url = context.imagePath(d + '.svg');
                        var node = select(this).node();

                        svg(url)
                            .then(function(svg) {
                                node.appendChild(
                                    select(svg.documentElement).attr('id', 'ideditor-' + d).node()
                                );
                                if (overrideColors && d !== 'iD-sprite') {   // allow icon colors to be overridden..
                                    select(node).selectAll('path')
                                        .attr('fill', 'currentColor');
                                }
                            })
                            .catch(function() {
                                /* ignore */
                            });
                    });
            };


            return drawDefs;
        }

        /* global Mapillary:false */


        var apibase = 'https://a.mapillary.com/v3/';
        var viewercss = 'mapillary-js/mapillary.min.css';
        var viewerjs = 'mapillary-js/mapillary.min.js';
        var clientId = 'NzNRM2otQkR2SHJzaXJmNmdQWVQ0dzo1ZWYyMmYwNjdmNDdlNmVi';
        var mapFeatureConfig = {
            values: [
                'construction--flat--crosswalk-plain',
                'marking--discrete--crosswalk-zebra',
                'object--banner',
                'object--bench',
                'object--bike-rack',
                'object--billboard',
                'object--catch-basin',
                'object--cctv-camera',
                'object--fire-hydrant',
                'object--mailbox',
                'object--manhole',
                'object--phone-booth',
                'object--sign--advertisement',
                'object--sign--information',
                'object--sign--store',
                'object--street-light',
                'object--support--utility-pole',
                'object--traffic-light--*',
                'object--traffic-light--pedestrians',
                'object--trash-can'
            ].join(',')
        };
        var maxResults = 1000;
        var tileZoom = 14;
        var tiler$3 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom, tileZoom]).skipNullIsland(true);
        var dispatch$4 = dispatch('loadedImages', 'loadedSigns', 'loadedMapFeatures', 'bearingChanged');
        var _mlyFallback = false;
        var _mlyCache;
        var _mlyClicks;
        var _mlySelectedImageKey;
        var _mlyViewer;


        function abortRequest$3(controller) {
            controller.abort();
        }


        function maxPageAtZoom(z) {
            if (z < 15)   { return 2; }
            if (z === 15) { return 5; }
            if (z === 16) { return 10; }
            if (z === 17) { return 20; }
            if (z === 18) { return 40; }
            if (z > 18)   { return 80; }
        }


        function loadTiles(which, url, projection) {
            var currZoom = Math.floor(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()));
            var tiles = tiler$3.getTiles(projection);

            // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
            var cache = _mlyCache[which];
            Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function(k) {
                var wanted = tiles.find(function(tile) { return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0; });
                if (!wanted) {
                    abortRequest$3(cache.inflight[k]);
                    delete cache.inflight[k];
                }
            });

            tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
                loadNextTilePage(which, currZoom, url, tile);
            });
        }


        function loadNextTilePage(which, currZoom, url, tile) {
            var cache = _mlyCache[which];
            var rect = tile.extent.rectangle();
            var maxPages = maxPageAtZoom(currZoom);
            var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 0;
            var nextURL = cache.nextURL[tile.id] || url +
                utilQsString({
                    per_page: maxResults,
                    page: nextPage,
                    client_id: clientId,
                    bbox: [rect[0], rect[1], rect[2], rect[3]].join(','),
                });

            if (nextPage > maxPages) { return; }

            var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
            if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) { return; }

            var controller = new AbortController();
            cache.inflight[id] = controller;

            var options = {
                method: 'GET',
                signal: controller.signal,
                headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }
            };

            fetch(nextURL, options)
                .then(function(response) {
                    if (!response.ok) {
                        throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
                    }
                    var linkHeader = response.headers.get('Link');
                    if (linkHeader) {
                        var pagination = parsePagination(linkHeader);
                        if (pagination.next) {
                            cache.nextURL[tile.id] = pagination.next;
                        }
                    }
                    return response.json();
                })
                .then(function(data) {
                    cache.loaded[id] = true;
                    delete cache.inflight[id];
                    if (!data || !data.features || !data.features.length) {
                        throw new Error('No Data');
                    }

                    var features = data.features.map(function(feature) {
                        var loc = feature.geometry.coordinates;
                        var d;

                        // An image (shown as a green dot on the map) is a single street photo with extra
                        // information such as location, camera angle (CA), camera model, and so on.
                        // Each image feature is a GeoJSON Point
                        if (which === 'images') {
                            d = {
                                loc: loc,
                                key: feature.properties.key,
                                ca: feature.properties.ca,
                                captured_at: feature.properties.captured_at,
                                captured_by: feature.properties.username,
                                pano: feature.properties.pano
                            };

                            cache.forImageKey[d.key] = d;     // cache imageKey -> image

                        // Mapillary organizes images as sequences. A sequence of images are continuously captured
                        // by a user at a give time. Sequences are shown on the map as green lines.
                        // Each sequence feature is a GeoJSON LineString
                        } else if (which === 'sequences') {
                            var sequenceKey = feature.properties.key;
                            cache.lineString[sequenceKey] = feature;           // cache sequenceKey -> lineString
                            feature.properties.coordinateProperties.image_keys.forEach(function(imageKey) {
                                cache.forImageKey[imageKey] = sequenceKey;     // cache imageKey -> sequenceKey
                            });
                            return false;    // because no `d` data worth loading into an rbush

                        // An image detection is a semantic pixel area on an image. The area could indicate
                        // sky, trees, sidewalk in the image. A detection can be a polygon, a bounding box, or a point.
                        // Each image_detection feature is a GeoJSON Point (located where the image was taken)
                        } else if (which === 'image_detections') {
                            d = {
                                key: feature.properties.key,
                                image_key: feature.properties.image_key,
                                value: feature.properties.value,
                                package: feature.properties.package,
                                shape: feature.properties.shape
                            };

                            // cache imageKey -> image_detections
                            if (!cache.forImageKey[d.image_key]) {
                                cache.forImageKey[d.image_key] = [];
                            }
                            cache.forImageKey[d.image_key].push(d);
                            return false;    // because no `d` data worth loading into an rbush


                        // A map feature is a real world object that can be shown on a map. It could be any object
                        // recognized from images, manually added in images, or added on the map.
                        // Each map feature is a GeoJSON Point (located where the feature is)
                        } else if (which === 'map_features' || which === 'points') {
                            d = {
                                loc: loc,
                                key: feature.properties.key,
                                value: feature.properties.value,
                                package: feature.properties.package,
                                detections: feature.properties.detections
                            };
                        }

                        return {
                            minX: loc[0], minY: loc[1], maxX: loc[0], maxY: loc[1], data: d
                        };

                    }).filter(Boolean);

                    if (cache.rtree && features) {
                        cache.rtree.load(features);
                    }

                    if (data.features.length === maxResults) {  // more pages to load
                        cache.nextPage[tile.id] = nextPage + 1;
                        loadNextTilePage(which, currZoom, url, tile);
                    } else {
                        cache.nextPage[tile.id] = Infinity;     // no more pages to load
                    }

                    if (which === 'images' || which === 'sequences') {
                        dispatch$4.call('loadedImages');
                    } else if (which === 'map_features') {
                        dispatch$4.call('loadedSigns');
                    } else if (which === 'points') {
                        dispatch$4.call('loadedMapFeatures');
                    }
                })
                .catch(function() {
                    cache.loaded[id] = true;
                    delete cache.inflight[id];
                });
        }

        // extract links to pages of API results
        function parsePagination(links) {
            return links.split(',').map(function(rel) {
                var elements = rel.split(';');
                if (elements.length === 2) {
                    return [
                        /<(.+)>/.exec(elements[0])[1],
                        /rel="(.+)"/.exec(elements[1])[1]
                    ];
                } else {
                    return ['',''];
                }
            }).reduce(function(pagination, val) {
                pagination[val[1]] = val[0];
                return pagination;
            }, {});
        }


        // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
        function partitionViewport(projection) {
            var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
            var z2 = (Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2) + 2.5;   // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
            var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);

            return tiler.getTiles(projection)
                .map(function(tile) { return tile.extent; });
        }


        // no more than `limit` results per partition.
        function searchLimited(limit, projection, rtree) {
            limit = limit || 5;

            return partitionViewport(projection)
                .reduce(function(result, extent) {
                    var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox())
                        .slice(0, limit)
                        .map(function(d) { return d.data; });

                    return (found.length ? result.concat(found) : result);
                }, []);
        }



        var serviceMapillary = {

            init: function() {
                if (!_mlyCache) {
                    this.reset();
                }

                this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$4, 'on');
            },

            reset: function() {
                if (_mlyCache) {
                    Object.values(_mlyCache.images.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
                    Object.values(_mlyCache.image_detections.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
                    Object.values(_mlyCache.map_features.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
                    Object.values(_mlyCache.points.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
                    Object.values(_mlyCache.sequences.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$3);
                }

                _mlyCache = {
                    images: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, nextURL: {}, rtree: new RBush(), forImageKey: {} },
                    image_detections: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, nextURL: {}, forImageKey: {} },
                    map_features: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, nextURL: {}, rtree: new RBush() },
                    points: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, nextURL: {}, rtree: new RBush() },
                    sequences: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, nextURL: {}, rtree: new RBush(), forImageKey: {}, lineString: {} }
                };

                _mlySelectedImageKey = null;
                _mlyClicks = [];
            },


            images: function(projection) {
                var limit = 5;
                return searchLimited(limit, projection, _mlyCache.images.rtree);
            },


            signs: function(projection) {
                var limit = 5;
                return searchLimited(limit, projection, _mlyCache.map_features.rtree);
            },


            mapFeatures: function(projection) {
                var limit = 5;
                return searchLimited(limit, projection, _mlyCache.points.rtree);
            },


            cachedImage: function(imageKey) {
                return _mlyCache.images.forImageKey[imageKey];
            },


            sequences: function(projection) {
                var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
                var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
                var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
                var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
                var sequenceKeys = {};

                // all sequences for images in viewport
                _mlyCache.images.rtree.search(bbox)
                    .forEach(function(d) {
                        var sequenceKey = _mlyCache.sequences.forImageKey[d.data.key];
                        if (sequenceKey) {
                            sequenceKeys[sequenceKey] = true;
                        }
                    });

                // Return lineStrings for the sequences
                return Object.keys(sequenceKeys).map(function(sequenceKey) {
                    return _mlyCache.sequences.lineString[sequenceKey];
                });
            },


            signsSupported: function() {
                return true;
            },


            loadImages: function(projection) {
                loadTiles('images', apibase + 'images?sort_by=key&', projection);
                loadTiles('sequences', apibase + 'sequences?sort_by=key&', projection);
            },


            loadSigns: function(projection) {
                // if we are looking at signs, we'll actually need to fetch images too
                loadTiles('images', apibase + 'images?sort_by=key&', projection);
                loadTiles('map_features', apibase + 'map_features?layers=trafficsigns&min_nbr_image_detections=2&sort_by=key&', projection);
                loadTiles('image_detections', apibase + 'image_detections?layers=trafficsigns&sort_by=key&', projection);
            },


            loadMapFeatures: function(projection) {
                // if we are looking at signs, we'll actually need to fetch images too
                loadTiles('images', apibase + 'images?sort_by=key', projection);
                loadTiles('points', apibase + 'map_features?layers=points&min_nbr_image_detections=2&sort_by=key&values=' + mapFeatureConfig.values + '&', projection);
                loadTiles('image_detections', apibase + 'image_detections?layers=points&sort_by=key&values=' + mapFeatureConfig.values + '&', projection);
            },


            loadViewer: function(context) {
                // add mly-wrapper
                var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer')
                    .selectAll('.mly-wrapper')
                    .data([0]);

                wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('id', 'ideditor-mly')
                    .attr('class', 'photo-wrapper mly-wrapper')
                    .classed('hide', true);

                // load mapillary-viewercss
                select('head').selectAll('#ideditor-mapillary-viewercss')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('link')
                    .attr('id', 'ideditor-mapillary-viewercss')
                    .attr('rel', 'stylesheet')
                    .attr('href', context.asset(viewercss));

                // load mapillary-viewerjs
                select('head').selectAll('#ideditor-mapillary-viewerjs')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('script')
                    .attr('id', 'ideditor-mapillary-viewerjs')
                    .attr('src', context.asset(viewerjs));

                // load mapillary signs sprite
                var defs = context.container().select('defs');
                defs.call(svgDefs(context).addSprites, ['mapillary-sprite', 'mapillary-object-sprite'], false /* don't override colors */ );

                // Register viewer resize handler
                context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.mapillary', function() {
                    if (_mlyViewer) {
                        _mlyViewer.resize();
                    }
                });
            },


            showViewer: function(context) {
                var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer')
                    .classed('hide', false);

                var isHidden = wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.mly-wrapper.hide').size();

                if (isHidden && _mlyViewer) {
                    wrap
                        .selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.mly-wrapper)')
                        .classed('hide', true);

                    wrap
                        .selectAll('.photo-wrapper.mly-wrapper')
                        .classed('hide', false);

                    _mlyViewer.resize();
                }

                return this;
            },


            hideViewer: function(context) {
                _mlySelectedImageKey = null;

                if (!_mlyFallback && _mlyViewer) {
                    _mlyViewer.getComponent('sequence').stop();
                }

                var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
                if (!viewer.empty()) { viewer.datum(null); }

                viewer
                    .classed('hide', true)
                    .selectAll('.photo-wrapper')
                    .classed('hide', true);

                context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-detected')
                    .classed('currentView', false);

                return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
            },


            parsePagination: parsePagination,


            updateViewer: function(context, imageKey) {
                if (!imageKey) { return this; }

                if (!_mlyViewer) {
                    this.initViewer(context, imageKey);
                } else {
                    _mlyViewer.moveToKey(imageKey)
                        .catch(function(e) { console.error('mly3', e); });  // eslint-disable-line no-console
                }

                return this;
            },


            initViewer: function(context, imageKey) {
                var that = this;
                if (window.Mapillary && imageKey) {
                    var opts = {
                        baseImageSize: 320,
                        component: {
                            cover: false,
                            keyboard: false,
                            tag: true
                        }
                    };

                    // Disable components requiring WebGL support
                    if (!Mapillary.isSupported() && Mapillary.isFallbackSupported()) {
                        _mlyFallback = true;
                        opts.component = {
                            cover: false,
                            direction: false,
                            imagePlane: false,
                            keyboard: false,
                            mouse: false,
                            sequence: false,
                            tag: false,
                            image: true,        // fallback
                            navigation: true    // fallback
                        };
                    }

                    _mlyViewer = new Mapillary.Viewer('ideditor-mly', clientId, null, opts);
                    _mlyViewer.on('nodechanged', nodeChanged);
                    _mlyViewer.on('bearingchanged', bearingChanged);
                    _mlyViewer.moveToKey(imageKey)
                        .catch(function(e) { console.error('mly3', e); });  // eslint-disable-line no-console
                }

                // nodeChanged: called after the viewer has changed images and is ready.
                //
                // There is some logic here to batch up clicks into a _mlyClicks array
                // because the user might click on a lot of markers quickly and nodechanged
                // may be called out of order asynchronously.
                //
                // Clicks are added to the array in `selectedImage` and removed here.
                //
                function nodeChanged(node) {
                    if (!_mlyFallback) {
                        _mlyViewer.getComponent('tag').removeAll();  // remove previous detections
                    }

                    var clicks = _mlyClicks;
                    var index = clicks.indexOf(node.key);
                    var selectedKey = _mlySelectedImageKey;

                    if (index > -1) {              // `nodechanged` initiated from clicking on a marker..
                        clicks.splice(index, 1);   // remove the click
                        // If `node.key` matches the current _mlySelectedImageKey, call `selectImage()`
                        // one more time to update the detections and attribution..
                        if (node.key === selectedKey) {
                            that.selectImage(context, _mlySelectedImageKey, true);
                        }
                    } else {             // `nodechanged` initiated from the Mapillary viewer controls..
                        var loc = node.computedLatLon ? [node.computedLatLon.lon, node.computedLatLon.lat] : [node.latLon.lon, node.latLon.lat];
                        context.map().centerEase(loc);
                        that.selectImage(context, node.key, true);
                    }
                }

                function bearingChanged(e) {
                    dispatch$4.call('bearingChanged', undefined, e);
                }
            },


            // Pass in the image key string as `imageKey`.
            // This allows images to be selected from places that dont have access
            // to the full image datum (like the street signs layer or the js viewer)
            selectImage: function(context, imageKey, fromViewer) {

                _mlySelectedImageKey = imageKey;

                // Note the datum could be missing, but we'll try to carry on anyway.
                // There just might be a delay before user sees detections, captured_at, etc.
                var d = _mlyCache.images.forImageKey[imageKey];

                var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
                if (!viewer.empty()) { viewer.datum(d); }

                imageKey = (d && d.key) || imageKey;
                if (!fromViewer && imageKey) {
                    _mlyClicks.push(imageKey);
                }

                this.setStyles(context, null, true);

                // if signs signs are shown, highlight the ones that appear in this image
                context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary-signs .icon-detected')
                    .classed('currentView', function(d) {
                        return d.detections.some(function(detection) {
                            return detection.image_key === imageKey;
                        });
                    });

                if (d) {
                    this.updateDetections(d);
                }

                return this;
            },


            getSelectedImageKey: function() {
                return _mlySelectedImageKey;
            },


            getSequenceKeyForImageKey: function(imageKey) {
                return _mlyCache.sequences.forImageKey[imageKey];
            },


            // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
            // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
            // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
            setStyles: function(context, hovered, reset) {
                if (reset) {  // reset all layers
                    context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group')
                        .classed('highlighted', false)
                        .classed('hovered', false)
                        .classed('currentView', false);

                    context.container().selectAll('.sequence')
                        .classed('highlighted', false)
                        .classed('currentView', false);
                }

                var hoveredImageKey = hovered && hovered.key;
                var hoveredSequenceKey = hoveredImageKey && this.getSequenceKeyForImageKey(hoveredImageKey);
                var hoveredLineString = hoveredSequenceKey && _mlyCache.sequences.lineString[hoveredSequenceKey];
                var hoveredImageKeys = (hoveredLineString && hoveredLineString.properties.coordinateProperties.image_keys) || [];

                var selectedImageKey = _mlySelectedImageKey;
                var selectedSequenceKey = selectedImageKey && this.getSequenceKeyForImageKey(selectedImageKey);
                var selectedLineString = selectedSequenceKey && _mlyCache.sequences.lineString[selectedSequenceKey];
                var selectedImageKeys = (selectedLineString && selectedLineString.properties.coordinateProperties.image_keys) || [];

                // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
                var highlightedImageKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredImageKeys, selectedImageKeys);

                context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary .viewfield-group')
                    .classed('highlighted', function(d) { return highlightedImageKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1; })
                    .classed('hovered', function(d) { return d.key === hoveredImageKey; })
                    .classed('currentView', function(d) { return d.key === selectedImageKey; });

                context.container().selectAll('.layer-mapillary .sequence')
                    .classed('highlighted', function(d) { return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey; })
                    .classed('currentView', function(d) { return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey; });

                // update viewfields if needed
                context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group .viewfield')
                    .attr('d', viewfieldPath);

                function viewfieldPath() {
                    var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
                    if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedImageKey) {
                        return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
                    } else {
                        return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
                    }
                }

                return this;
            },


            updateDetections: function(d) {
                if (!_mlyViewer || _mlyFallback) { return; }

                var imageKey = d && d.key;
                if (!imageKey) { return; }

                var detections = _mlyCache.image_detections.forImageKey[imageKey] || [];
                detections.forEach(function(data) {
                    var tag = makeTag(data);
                    if (tag) {
                        var tagComponent = _mlyViewer.getComponent('tag');
                        tagComponent.add([tag]);
                    }
                });

                function makeTag(data) {
                    var valueParts = data.value.split('--');
                    if (valueParts.length !== 3) { return; }

                    var text = valueParts[1].replace(/-/g, ' ');
                    var tag;

                    // Currently only two shapes <Polygon|Point>
                    if (data.shape.type === 'Polygon') {
                        var polygonGeometry = new Mapillary
                            .TagComponent
                            .PolygonGeometry(data.shape.coordinates[0]);

                        tag = new Mapillary.TagComponent.OutlineTag(
                            data.key,
                            polygonGeometry,
                            {
                                text: text,
                                textColor: 0xffff00,
                                lineColor: 0xffff00,
                                lineWidth: 2,
                                fillColor: 0xffff00,
                                fillOpacity: 0.3,
                            }
                        );

                    } else if (data.shape.type === 'Point') {
                        var pointGeometry = new Mapillary
                            .TagComponent
                            .PointGeometry(data.shape.coordinates[0]);

                        tag = new Mapillary.TagComponent.SpotTag(
                            data.key,
                            pointGeometry,
                            {
                                text: text,
                                color: 0xffff00,
                                textColor: 0xffff00
                            }
                        );
                    }

                    return tag;
                }
            },


            cache: function() {
                return _mlyCache;
            }

        };

        function validationIssue(attrs) {
            this.type = attrs.type;                // required - name of rule that created the issue (e.g. 'missing_tag')
            this.subtype = attrs.subtype;          // optional - category of the issue within the type (e.g. 'relation_type' under 'missing_tag')
            this.severity = attrs.severity;        // required - 'warning' or 'error'
            this.message = attrs.message;          // required - function returning localized string
            this.reference = attrs.reference;      // optional - function(selection) to render reference information
            this.entityIds = attrs.entityIds;      // optional - array of IDs of entities involved in the issue
            this.loc = attrs.loc;                  // optional - [lon, lat] to zoom in on to see the issue
            this.data = attrs.data;                // optional - object containing extra data for the fixes
            this.dynamicFixes = attrs.dynamicFixes;// optional - function(context) returning fixes
            this.hash = attrs.hash;                // optional - string to further differentiate the issue

            this.id = generateID.apply(this);      // generated - see below
            this.autoFix = null;                   // generated - if autofix exists, will be set below

            // A unique, deterministic string hash.
            // Issues with identical id values are considered identical.
            function generateID() {
                var parts = [this.type];

                if (this.hash) {   // subclasses can pass in their own differentiator
                    parts.push(this.hash);
                }

                if (this.subtype) {
                    parts.push(this.subtype);
                }

                // include the entities this issue is for
                // (sort them so the id is deterministic)
                if (this.entityIds) {
                    var entityKeys = this.entityIds.slice().sort();
                    parts.push.apply(parts, entityKeys);
                }

                return parts.join(':');
            }

            this.extent = function(resolver) {
                if (this.loc) {
                    return geoExtent(this.loc);
                }
                if (this.entityIds && this.entityIds.length) {
                    return this.entityIds.reduce(function(extent, entityId) {
                        return extent.extend(resolver.entity(entityId).extent(resolver));
                    }, geoExtent());
                }
                return null;
            };

            this.fixes = function(context) {
                var fixes = this.dynamicFixes ? this.dynamicFixes(context) : [];
                var issue = this;

                if (issue.severity === 'warning') {
                    // allow ignoring any issue that's not an error
                    fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                        title: _t('issues.fix.ignore_issue.title'),
                        icon: 'iD-icon-close',
                        onClick: function() {
                            context.validator().ignoreIssue(this.issue.id);
                        }
                    }));
                }

                fixes.forEach(function(fix) {
                    fix.id = fix.title;
                    // add a reference to the issue for use in actions
                    fix.issue = issue;
                    if (fix.autoArgs) {
                        issue.autoFix = fix;
                    }
                });
                return fixes;
            };

        }


        function validationIssueFix(attrs) {
            this.title = attrs.title;                   // Required
            this.onClick = attrs.onClick;               // Optional - the function to run to apply the fix
            this.disabledReason = attrs.disabledReason; // Optional - a string explaining why the fix is unavailable, if any
            this.icon = attrs.icon;                     // Optional - shows 'iD-icon-wrench' if not set
            this.entityIds = attrs.entityIds || [];     // Optional - used for hover-higlighting.
            this.autoArgs = attrs.autoArgs;             // Optional - pass [actions, annotation] arglist if this fix can automatically run

            this.issue = null;    // Generated link - added by validationIssue
        }

        var buildRuleChecks = function() {
            return {
                equals: function (equals) {
                    return function(tags) {
                        return Object.keys(equals).every(function(k) {
                            return equals[k] === tags[k];
                        });
                    };
                },
                notEquals: function (notEquals) {
                    return function(tags) {
                        return Object.keys(notEquals).some(function(k) {
                            return notEquals[k] !== tags[k];
                        });
                    };
                },
                absence: function(absence) {
                    return function(tags) {
                        return Object.keys(tags).indexOf(absence) === -1;
                    };
                },
                presence: function(presence) {
                    return function(tags) {
                        return Object.keys(tags).indexOf(presence) > -1;
                    };
                },
                greaterThan: function(greaterThan) {
                    var key = Object.keys(greaterThan)[0];
                    var value = greaterThan[key];

                    return function(tags) {
                        return tags[key] > value;
                    };
                },
                greaterThanEqual: function(greaterThanEqual) {
                    var key = Object.keys(greaterThanEqual)[0];
                    var value = greaterThanEqual[key];

                    return function(tags) {
                        return tags[key] >= value;
                    };
                },
                lessThan: function(lessThan) {
                    var key = Object.keys(lessThan)[0];
                    var value = lessThan[key];

                    return function(tags) {
                        return tags[key] < value;
                    };
                },
                lessThanEqual: function(lessThanEqual) {
                    var key = Object.keys(lessThanEqual)[0];
                    var value = lessThanEqual[key];

                    return function(tags) {
                        return tags[key] <= value;
                    };
                },
                positiveRegex: function(positiveRegex) {
                    var tagKey = Object.keys(positiveRegex)[0];
                    var expression = positiveRegex[tagKey].join('|');
                    var regex = new RegExp(expression);

                    return function(tags) {
                        return regex.test(tags[tagKey]);
                    };
                },
                negativeRegex: function(negativeRegex) {
                    var tagKey = Object.keys(negativeRegex)[0];
                    var expression = negativeRegex[tagKey].join('|');
                    var regex = new RegExp(expression);

                    return function(tags) {
                        return !regex.test(tags[tagKey]);
                    };
                }
            };
        };

        var buildLineKeys = function() {
            return {
                highway: {
                    rest_area: true,
                    services: true
                },
                railway: {
                    roundhouse: true,
                    station: true,
                    traverser: true,
                    turntable: true,
                    wash: true
                }
            };
        };

        var serviceMapRules = {
            init: function() {
                this._ruleChecks  = buildRuleChecks();
                this._validationRules = [];
                this._areaKeys = osmAreaKeys;
                this._lineKeys = buildLineKeys();
            },

            // list of rules only relevant to tag checks...
            filterRuleChecks: function(selector) {
                var _ruleChecks = this._ruleChecks;
                return Object.keys(selector).reduce(function(rules, key) {
                    if (['geometry', 'error', 'warning'].indexOf(key) === -1) {
                        rules.push(_ruleChecks[key](selector[key]));
                    }
                    return rules;
                }, []);
            },

            // builds tagMap from mapcss-parse selector object...
            buildTagMap: function(selector) {
                var getRegexValues = function(regexes) {
                    return regexes.map(function(regex) {
                        return regex.replace(/\$|\^/g, '');
                    });
                };

                var tagMap = Object.keys(selector).reduce(function (expectedTags, key) {
                    var values;
                    var isRegex = /regex/gi.test(key);
                    var isEqual = /equals/gi.test(key);

                    if (isRegex || isEqual) {
                        Object.keys(selector[key]).forEach(function(selectorKey) {
                            values = isEqual ? [selector[key][selectorKey]] : getRegexValues(selector[key][selectorKey]);

                            if (expectedTags.hasOwnProperty(selectorKey)) {
                                values = values.concat(expectedTags[selectorKey]);
                            }

                            expectedTags[selectorKey] = values;
                        });

                    } else if (/(greater|less)Than(Equal)?|presence/g.test(key)) {
                        var tagKey = /presence/.test(key) ? selector[key] : Object.keys(selector[key])[0];

                        values = [selector[key][tagKey]];

                        if (expectedTags.hasOwnProperty(tagKey)) {
                            values = values.concat(expectedTags[tagKey]);
                        }

                        expectedTags[tagKey] = values;
                    }

                    return expectedTags;
                }, {});

                return tagMap;
            },

            // inspired by osmWay#isArea()
            inferGeometry: function(tagMap) {
                var _lineKeys = this._lineKeys;
                var _areaKeys = this._areaKeys;

                var keyValueDoesNotImplyArea = function(key) {
                    return utilArrayIntersection(tagMap[key], Object.keys(_areaKeys[key])).length > 0;
                };
                var keyValueImpliesLine = function(key) {
                    return utilArrayIntersection(tagMap[key], Object.keys(_lineKeys[key])).length > 0;
                };

                if (tagMap.hasOwnProperty('area')) {
                    if (tagMap.area.indexOf('yes') > -1) {
                        return 'area';
                    }
                    if (tagMap.area.indexOf('no') > -1) {
                        return 'line';
                    }
                }

                for (var key in tagMap) {
                    if (key in _areaKeys && !keyValueDoesNotImplyArea(key)) {
                        return 'area';
                    }
                    if (key in _lineKeys && keyValueImpliesLine(key)) {
                        return 'area';
                    }
                }

                return 'line';
            },

            // adds from mapcss-parse selector check...
            addRule: function(selector) {
                var rule = {
                    // checks relevant to mapcss-selector
                    checks: this.filterRuleChecks(selector),
                    // true if all conditions for a tag error are true..
                    matches: function(entity) {
                        return this.checks.every(function(check) {
                            return check(entity.tags);
                        });
                    },
                    // borrowed from Way#isArea()
                    inferredGeometry: this.inferGeometry(this.buildTagMap(selector), this._areaKeys),
                    geometryMatches: function(entity, graph) {
                        if (entity.type === 'node' || entity.type === 'relation') {
                            return selector.geometry === entity.type;
                        } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
                            return this.inferredGeometry === entity.geometry(graph);
                        }
                    },
                    // when geometries match and tag matches are present, return a warning...
                    findIssues: function (entity, graph, issues) {
                        if (this.geometryMatches(entity, graph) && this.matches(entity)) {
                            var severity = Object.keys(selector).indexOf('error') > -1
                                    ? 'error'
                                    : 'warning';
                            var message = selector[severity];
                            issues.push(new validationIssue({
                                type: 'maprules',
                                severity: severity,
                                message: function() {
                                    return message;
                                },
                                entityIds: [entity.id]
                            }));
                        }
                    }
                };
                this._validationRules.push(rule);
            },

            clearRules: function() { this._validationRules = []; },

            // returns validationRules...
            validationRules: function() { return this._validationRules; },

            // returns ruleChecks
            ruleChecks: function() { return this._ruleChecks; }
        };

        var apibase$1 = 'https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/';
        var _inflight = {};
        var _nominatimCache;


        var serviceNominatim = {

            init: function() {
                _inflight = {};
                _nominatimCache = new RBush();
            },

            reset: function() {
                Object.values(_inflight).forEach(function(controller) { controller.abort(); });
                _inflight = {};
                _nominatimCache = new RBush();
            },


            countryCode: function (location, callback) {
                this.reverse(location, function(err, result) {
                    if (err) {
                        return callback(err);
                    } else if (result.address) {
                        return callback(null, result.address.country_code);
                    } else {
                        return callback('Unable to geocode', null);
                    }
                });
            },


            reverse: function (loc, callback) {
                var cached = _nominatimCache.search(
                    { minX: loc[0], minY: loc[1], maxX: loc[0], maxY: loc[1] }
                );

                if (cached.length > 0) {
                    if (callback) { callback(null, cached[0].data); }
                    return;
                }

                var params = { zoom: 13, format: 'json', addressdetails: 1, lat: loc[1], lon: loc[0] };
                var url = apibase$1 + 'reverse?' + utilQsString(params);

                if (_inflight[url]) { return; }
                var controller = new AbortController();
                _inflight[url] = controller;

                d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
                    .then(function(result) {
                        delete _inflight[url];
                        if (result && result.error) {
                            throw new Error(result.error);
                        }
                        var extent = geoExtent(loc).padByMeters(200);
                        _nominatimCache.insert(Object.assign(extent.bbox(), {data: result}));
                        if (callback) { callback(null, result); }
                    })
                    .catch(function(err) {
                        delete _inflight[url];
                        if (err.name === 'AbortError') { return; }
                        if (callback) { callback(err.message); }
                    });
            },


            search: function (val, callback) {
                var searchVal = encodeURIComponent(val);
                var url = apibase$1 + 'search/' + searchVal + '?limit=10&format=json';

                if (_inflight[url]) { return; }
                var controller = new AbortController();
                _inflight[url] = controller;

                d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
                    .then(function(result) {
                        delete _inflight[url];
                        if (result && result.error) {
                            throw new Error(result.error);
                        }
                        if (callback) { callback(null, result); }
                    })
                    .catch(function(err) {
                        delete _inflight[url];
                        if (err.name === 'AbortError') { return; }
                        if (callback) { callback(err.message); }
                    });
            }

        };

        var apibase$2 = 'https://openstreetcam.org';
        var maxResults$1 = 1000;
        var tileZoom$1 = 14;
        var tiler$4 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom$1, tileZoom$1]).skipNullIsland(true);
        var dispatch$5 = dispatch('loadedImages');
        var imgZoom = d3_zoom()
            .extent([[0, 0], [320, 240]])
            .translateExtent([[0, 0], [320, 240]])
            .scaleExtent([1, 15]);
        var _oscCache;
        var _oscSelectedImage;


        function abortRequest$4(controller) {
            controller.abort();
        }


        function maxPageAtZoom$1(z) {
            if (z < 15)   { return 2; }
            if (z === 15) { return 5; }
            if (z === 16) { return 10; }
            if (z === 17) { return 20; }
            if (z === 18) { return 40; }
            if (z > 18)   { return 80; }
        }


        function loadTiles$1(which, url, projection) {
            var currZoom = Math.floor(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale()));
            var tiles = tiler$4.getTiles(projection);

            // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
            var cache = _oscCache[which];
            Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function(k) {
                var wanted = tiles.find(function(tile) { return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0; });
                if (!wanted) {
                    abortRequest$4(cache.inflight[k]);
                    delete cache.inflight[k];
                }
            });

            tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
                loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile);
            });
        }


        function loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile) {
            var cache = _oscCache[which];
            var bbox = tile.extent.bbox();
            var maxPages = maxPageAtZoom$1(currZoom);
            var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 1;
            var params = utilQsString({
                ipp: maxResults$1,
                page: nextPage,
                // client_id: clientId,
                bbTopLeft: [bbox.maxY, bbox.minX].join(','),
                bbBottomRight: [bbox.minY, bbox.maxX].join(',')
            }, true);

            if (nextPage > maxPages) { return; }

            var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
            if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) { return; }

            var controller = new AbortController();
            cache.inflight[id] = controller;

            var options = {
                method: 'POST',
                signal: controller.signal,
                body: params,
                headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' }
            };

            d3_json(url, options)
                .then(function(data) {
                    cache.loaded[id] = true;
                    delete cache.inflight[id];
                    if (!data || !data.currentPageItems || !data.currentPageItems.length) {
                        throw new Error('No Data');
                    }

                    var features = data.currentPageItems.map(function(item) {
                        var loc = [+item.lng, +item.lat];
                        var d;

                        if (which === 'images') {
                            d = {
                                loc: loc,
                                key: item.id,
                                ca: +item.heading,
                                captured_at: (item.shot_date || item.date_added),
                                captured_by: item.username,
                                imagePath: item.lth_name,
                                sequence_id: item.sequence_id,
                                sequence_index: +item.sequence_index
                            };

                            // cache sequence info
                            var seq = _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id];
                            if (!seq) {
                                seq = { rotation: 0, images: [] };
                                _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id] = seq;
                            }
                            seq.images[d.sequence_index] = d;
                        }

                        return {
                            minX: loc[0], minY: loc[1], maxX: loc[0], maxY: loc[1], data: d
                        };
                    });

                    cache.rtree.load(features);

                    if (data.currentPageItems.length === maxResults$1) {  // more pages to load
                        cache.nextPage[tile.id] = nextPage + 1;
                        loadNextTilePage$1(which, currZoom, url, tile);
                    } else {
                        cache.nextPage[tile.id] = Infinity;     // no more pages to load
                    }

                    if (which === 'images') {
                        dispatch$5.call('loadedImages');
                    }
                })
                .catch(function() {
                    cache.loaded[id] = true;
                    delete cache.inflight[id];
                });
        }


        // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
        function partitionViewport$1(projection) {
            var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
            var z2 = (Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2) + 2.5;   // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
            var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);

            return tiler.getTiles(projection)
                .map(function(tile) { return tile.extent; });
        }


        // no more than `limit` results per partition.
        function searchLimited$1(limit, projection, rtree) {
            limit = limit || 5;

            return partitionViewport$1(projection)
                .reduce(function(result, extent) {
                    var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox())
                        .slice(0, limit)
                        .map(function(d) { return d.data; });

                    return (found.length ? result.concat(found) : result);
                }, []);
        }


        var serviceOpenstreetcam = {

            init: function() {
                if (!_oscCache) {
                    this.reset();
                }

                this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$5, 'on');
            },

            reset: function() {
                if (_oscCache) {
                    Object.values(_oscCache.images.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$4);
                }

                _oscCache = {
                    images: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, rtree: new RBush() },
                    sequences: {}
                };

                _oscSelectedImage = null;
            },


            images: function(projection) {
                var limit = 5;
                return searchLimited$1(limit, projection, _oscCache.images.rtree);
            },


            sequences: function(projection) {
                var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
                var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
                var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
                var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
                var sequenceKeys = {};

                // all sequences for images in viewport
                _oscCache.images.rtree.search(bbox)
                    .forEach(function(d) { sequenceKeys[d.data.sequence_id] = true; });

                // make linestrings from those sequences
                var lineStrings = [];
                Object.keys(sequenceKeys)
                    .forEach(function(sequenceKey) {
                        var seq = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
                        var images = seq && seq.images;
                        if (images) {
                            lineStrings.push({
                                type: 'LineString',
                                coordinates: images.map(function (d) { return d.loc; }).filter(Boolean),
                                properties: { key: sequenceKey }
                            });
                        }
                    });
                return lineStrings;
            },


            loadImages: function(projection) {
                var url = apibase$2 + '/1.0/list/nearby-photos/';
                loadTiles$1('images', url, projection);
            },


            loadViewer: function(context) {
                var that = this;

                // add osc-wrapper
                var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.osc-wrapper')
                    .data([0]);

                var wrapEnter = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'photo-wrapper osc-wrapper')
                    .classed('hide', true)
                    .call(imgZoom.on('zoom', zoomPan))
                    .on('dblclick.zoom', null);

                wrapEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'photo-attribution fillD');

                var controlsEnter = wrapEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'photo-controls-wrap')
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'photo-controls');

                controlsEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .on('click.back', step(-1))
                    .text('◄');

                controlsEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .on('click.rotate-ccw', rotate(-90))
                    .text('⤿');

                controlsEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .on('click.rotate-cw', rotate(90))
                    .text('⤾');

                controlsEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .on('click.forward', step(1))
                    .text('►');

                wrapEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'osc-image-wrap');


                // Register viewer resize handler
                context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.openstreetcam', function(dimensions) {
                    imgZoom = d3_zoom()
                        .extent([[0, 0], dimensions])
                        .translateExtent([[0, 0], dimensions])
                        .scaleExtent([1, 15])
                        .on('zoom', zoomPan);
                });


                function zoomPan() {
                    var t = event.transform;
                    context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-image-wrap')
                        .call(utilSetTransform, t.x, t.y, t.k);
                }


                function rotate(deg) {
                    return function() {
                        if (!_oscSelectedImage) { return; }
                        var sequenceKey = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_id;
                        var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
                        if (!sequence) { return; }

                        var r = sequence.rotation || 0;
                        r += deg;

                        if (r > 180) { r -= 360; }
                        if (r < -180) { r += 360; }
                        sequence.rotation = r;

                        var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-wrapper');

                        wrap
                            .transition()
                            .duration(100)
                            .call(imgZoom.transform, identity$2);

                        wrap.selectAll('.osc-image')
                            .transition()
                            .duration(100)
                            .style('transform', 'rotate(' + r + 'deg)');
                    };
                }

                function step(stepBy) {
                    return function() {
                        if (!_oscSelectedImage) { return; }
                        var sequenceKey = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_id;
                        var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[sequenceKey];
                        if (!sequence) { return; }

                        var nextIndex = _oscSelectedImage.sequence_index + stepBy;
                        var nextImage = sequence.images[nextIndex];
                        if (!nextImage) { return; }

                        context.map().centerEase(nextImage.loc);

                        that
                            .selectImage(context, nextImage)
                            .updateViewer(context, nextImage);
                    };
                }
            },


            showViewer: function(context) {
                var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer')
                    .classed('hide', false);

                var isHidden = viewer.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.osc-wrapper.hide').size();

                if (isHidden) {
                    viewer
                        .selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.osc-wrapper)')
                        .classed('hide', true);

                    viewer
                        .selectAll('.photo-wrapper.osc-wrapper')
                        .classed('hide', false);
                }

                return this;
            },


            hideViewer: function(context) {
                _oscSelectedImage = null;

                var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
                if (!viewer.empty()) { viewer.datum(null); }

                viewer
                    .classed('hide', true)
                    .selectAll('.photo-wrapper')
                    .classed('hide', true);

                context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-sign')
                    .classed('currentView', false);

                return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
            },


            updateViewer: function(context, d) {
                var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .osc-wrapper');
                var imageWrap = wrap.selectAll('.osc-image-wrap');
                var attribution = wrap.selectAll('.photo-attribution').html('');

                wrap
                    .transition()
                    .duration(100)
                    .call(imgZoom.transform, identity$2);

                imageWrap
                    .selectAll('.osc-image')
                    .remove();

                if (d) {
                    var sequence = _oscCache.sequences[d.sequence_id];
                    var r = (sequence && sequence.rotation) || 0;

                    imageWrap
                        .append('img')
                        .attr('class', 'osc-image')
                        .attr('src', apibase$2 + '/' + d.imagePath)
                        .style('transform', 'rotate(' + r + 'deg)');

                    if (d.captured_by) {
                        attribution
                            .append('a')
                            .attr('class', 'captured_by')
                            .attr('target', '_blank')
                            .attr('href', 'https://openstreetcam.org/user/' + encodeURIComponent(d.captured_by))
                            .text('@' + d.captured_by);

                        attribution
                            .append('span')
                            .text('|');
                    }

                    if (d.captured_at) {
                        attribution
                            .append('span')
                            .attr('class', 'captured_at')
                            .text(localeDateString(d.captured_at));

                        attribution
                            .append('span')
                            .text('|');
                    }

                    attribution
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'image-link')
                        .attr('target', '_blank')
                        .attr('href', 'https://openstreetcam.org/details/' + d.sequence_id + '/' + d.sequence_index)
                        .text('openstreetcam.org');
                }

                return this;


                function localeDateString(s) {
                    if (!s) { return null; }
                    var options = { day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
                    var d = new Date(s);
                    if (isNaN(d.getTime())) { return null; }
                    return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
                }
            },


            selectImage: function(context, d) {
                _oscSelectedImage = d;
                var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
                if (!viewer.empty()) { viewer.datum(d); }

                this.setStyles(context, null, true);

                context.container().selectAll('.icon-sign')
                    .classed('currentView', false);

                return this;
            },


            getSelectedImage: function() {
                return _oscSelectedImage;
            },


            getSequenceKeyForImage: function(d) {
                return d && d.sequence_id;
            },


            // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
            // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
            // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
            setStyles: function(context, hovered, reset) {
                if (reset) {  // reset all layers
                    context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group')
                        .classed('highlighted', false)
                        .classed('hovered', false)
                        .classed('currentView', false);

                    context.container().selectAll('.sequence')
                        .classed('highlighted', false)
                        .classed('currentView', false);
                }

                var hoveredImageKey = hovered && hovered.key;
                var hoveredSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForImage(hovered);
                var hoveredSequence = hoveredSequenceKey && _oscCache.sequences[hoveredSequenceKey];
                var hoveredImageKeys = (hoveredSequence && hoveredSequence.images.map(function (d) { return d.key; })) || [];

                var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
                var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
                var selectedImageKey = selected && selected.key;
                var selectedSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForImage(selected);
                var selectedSequence = selectedSequenceKey && _oscCache.sequences[selectedSequenceKey];
                var selectedImageKeys = (selectedSequence && selectedSequence.images.map(function (d) { return d.key; })) || [];

                // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
                var highlightedImageKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredImageKeys, selectedImageKeys);

                context.container().selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam .viewfield-group')
                    .classed('highlighted', function(d) { return highlightedImageKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1; })
                    .classed('hovered', function(d) { return d.key === hoveredImageKey; })
                    .classed('currentView', function(d) { return d.key === selectedImageKey; });

                context.container().selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam .sequence')
                    .classed('highlighted', function(d) { return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey; })
                    .classed('currentView', function(d) { return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey; });

                // update viewfields if needed
                context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group .viewfield')
                    .attr('d', viewfieldPath);

                function viewfieldPath() {
                    var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
                    if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedImageKey) {
                        return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
                    } else {
                        return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
                    }
                }

                return this;
            },


            cache: function() {
                return _oscCache;
            }

        };

        /**
         * Checks if `value` is the
         * [language type](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-ecmascript-language-types)
         * of `Object`. (e.g. arrays, functions, objects, regexes, `new Number(0)`, and `new String('')`)
         *
         * @static
         * @memberOf _
         * @since 0.1.0
         * @category Lang
         * @param {*} value The value to check.
         * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an object, else `false`.
         * @example
         *
         * _.isObject({});
         * // => true
         *
         * _.isObject([1, 2, 3]);
         * // => true
         *
         * _.isObject(_.noop);
         * // => true
         *
         * _.isObject(null);
         * // => false
         */
        function isObject$1(value) {
          var type = typeof value;
          return value != null && (type == 'object' || type == 'function');
        }

        /** Detect free variable `global` from Node.js. */
        var freeGlobal = typeof global == 'object' && global && global.Object === Object && global;

        /** Detect free variable `self`. */
        var freeSelf = typeof self == 'object' && self && self.Object === Object && self;

        /** Used as a reference to the global object. */
        var root$2 = freeGlobal || freeSelf || Function('return this')();

        /**
         * Gets the timestamp of the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since
         * the Unix epoch (1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC).
         *
         * @static
         * @memberOf _
         * @since 2.4.0
         * @category Date
         * @returns {number} Returns the timestamp.
         * @example
         *
         * _.defer(function(stamp) {
         *   console.log(_.now() - stamp);
         * }, _.now());
         * // => Logs the number of milliseconds it took for the deferred invocation.
         */
        var now$1 = function() {
          return root$2.Date.now();
        };

        /** Built-in value references. */
        var Symbol$1 = root$2.Symbol;

        /** Used for built-in method references. */
        var objectProto = Object.prototype;

        /** Used to check objects for own properties. */
        var hasOwnProperty$2 = objectProto.hasOwnProperty;

        /**
         * Used to resolve the
         * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
         * of values.
         */
        var nativeObjectToString = objectProto.toString;

        /** Built-in value references. */
        var symToStringTag = Symbol$1 ? Symbol$1.toStringTag : undefined;

        /**
         * A specialized version of `baseGetTag` which ignores `Symbol.toStringTag` values.
         *
         * @private
         * @param {*} value The value to query.
         * @returns {string} Returns the raw `toStringTag`.
         */
        function getRawTag(value) {
          var isOwn = hasOwnProperty$2.call(value, symToStringTag),
              tag = value[symToStringTag];

          try {
            value[symToStringTag] = undefined;
            var unmasked = true;
          } catch (e) {}

          var result = nativeObjectToString.call(value);
          if (unmasked) {
            if (isOwn) {
              value[symToStringTag] = tag;
            } else {
              delete value[symToStringTag];
            }
          }
          return result;
        }

        /** Used for built-in method references. */
        var objectProto$1 = Object.prototype;

        /**
         * Used to resolve the
         * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
         * of values.
         */
        var nativeObjectToString$1 = objectProto$1.toString;

        /**
         * Converts `value` to a string using `Object.prototype.toString`.
         *
         * @private
         * @param {*} value The value to convert.
         * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
         */
        function objectToString$2(value) {
          return nativeObjectToString$1.call(value);
        }

        /** `Object#toString` result references. */
        var nullTag = '[object Null]',
            undefinedTag = '[object Undefined]';

        /** Built-in value references. */
        var symToStringTag$1 = Symbol$1 ? Symbol$1.toStringTag : undefined;

        /**
         * The base implementation of `getTag` without fallbacks for buggy environments.
         *
         * @private
         * @param {*} value The value to query.
         * @returns {string} Returns the `toStringTag`.
         */
        function baseGetTag(value) {
          if (value == null) {
            return value === undefined ? undefinedTag : nullTag;
          }
          return (symToStringTag$1 && symToStringTag$1 in Object(value))
            ? getRawTag(value)
            : objectToString$2(value);
        }

        /**
         * Checks if `value` is object-like. A value is object-like if it's not `null`
         * and has a `typeof` result of "object".
         *
         * @static
         * @memberOf _
         * @since 4.0.0
         * @category Lang
         * @param {*} value The value to check.
         * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is object-like, else `false`.
         * @example
         *
         * _.isObjectLike({});
         * // => true
         *
         * _.isObjectLike([1, 2, 3]);
         * // => true
         *
         * _.isObjectLike(_.noop);
         * // => false
         *
         * _.isObjectLike(null);
         * // => false
         */
        function isObjectLike(value) {
          return value != null && typeof value == 'object';
        }

        /** `Object#toString` result references. */
        var symbolTag = '[object Symbol]';

        /**
         * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Symbol` primitive or object.
         *
         * @static
         * @memberOf _
         * @since 4.0.0
         * @category Lang
         * @param {*} value The value to check.
         * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a symbol, else `false`.
         * @example
         *
         * _.isSymbol(Symbol.iterator);
         * // => true
         *
         * _.isSymbol('abc');
         * // => false
         */
        function isSymbol$4(value) {
          return typeof value == 'symbol' ||
            (isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == symbolTag);
        }

        /** Used as references for various `Number` constants. */
        var NAN = 0 / 0;

        /** Used to match leading and trailing whitespace. */
        var reTrim = /^\s+|\s+$/g;

        /** Used to detect bad signed hexadecimal string values. */
        var reIsBadHex = /^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i;

        /** Used to detect binary string values. */
        var reIsBinary = /^0b[01]+$/i;

        /** Used to detect octal string values. */
        var reIsOctal = /^0o[0-7]+$/i;

        /** Built-in method references without a dependency on `root`. */
        var freeParseInt = parseInt;

        /**
         * Converts `value` to a number.
         *
         * @static
         * @memberOf _
         * @since 4.0.0
         * @category Lang
         * @param {*} value The value to process.
         * @returns {number} Returns the number.
         * @example
         *
         * _.toNumber(3.2);
         * // => 3.2
         *
         * _.toNumber(Number.MIN_VALUE);
         * // => 5e-324
         *
         * _.toNumber(Infinity);
         * // => Infinity
         *
         * _.toNumber('3.2');
         * // => 3.2
         */
        function toNumber(value) {
          if (typeof value == 'number') {
            return value;
          }
          if (isSymbol$4(value)) {
            return NAN;
          }
          if (isObject$1(value)) {
            var other = typeof value.valueOf == 'function' ? value.valueOf() : value;
            value = isObject$1(other) ? (other + '') : other;
          }
          if (typeof value != 'string') {
            return value === 0 ? value : +value;
          }
          value = value.replace(reTrim, '');
          var isBinary = reIsBinary.test(value);
          return (isBinary || reIsOctal.test(value))
            ? freeParseInt(value.slice(2), isBinary ? 2 : 8)
            : (reIsBadHex.test(value) ? NAN : +value);
        }

        /** Error message constants. */
        var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT = 'Expected a function';

        /* Built-in method references for those with the same name as other `lodash` methods. */
        var nativeMax = Math.max,
            nativeMin = Math.min;

        /**
         * Creates a debounced function that delays invoking `func` until after `wait`
         * milliseconds have elapsed since the last time the debounced function was
         * invoked. The debounced function comes with a `cancel` method to cancel
         * delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to immediately invoke them.
         * Provide `options` to indicate whether `func` should be invoked on the
         * leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait` timeout. The `func` is invoked
         * with the last arguments provided to the debounced function. Subsequent
         * calls to the debounced function return the result of the last `func`
         * invocation.
         *
         * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
         * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the debounced function
         * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
         *
         * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
         * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
         *
         * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
         * for details over the differences between `_.debounce` and `_.throttle`.
         *
         * @static
         * @memberOf _
         * @since 0.1.0
         * @category Function
         * @param {Function} func The function to debounce.
         * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to delay.
         * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
         * @param {boolean} [options.leading=false]
         *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
         * @param {number} [options.maxWait]
         *  The maximum time `func` is allowed to be delayed before it's invoked.
         * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
         *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
         * @returns {Function} Returns the new debounced function.
         * @example
         *
         * // Avoid costly calculations while the window size is in flux.
         * jQuery(window).on('resize', _.debounce(calculateLayout, 150));
         *
         * // Invoke `sendMail` when clicked, debouncing subsequent calls.
         * jQuery(element).on('click', _.debounce(sendMail, 300, {
         *   'leading': true,
         *   'trailing': false
         * }));
         *
         * // Ensure `batchLog` is invoked once after 1 second of debounced calls.
         * var debounced = _.debounce(batchLog, 250, { 'maxWait': 1000 });
         * var source = new EventSource('/stream');
         * jQuery(source).on('message', debounced);
         *
         * // Cancel the trailing debounced invocation.
         * jQuery(window).on('popstate', debounced.cancel);
         */
        function debounce(func, wait, options) {
          var lastArgs,
              lastThis,
              maxWait,
              result,
              timerId,
              lastCallTime,
              lastInvokeTime = 0,
              leading = false,
              maxing = false,
              trailing = true;

          if (typeof func != 'function') {
            throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
          }
          wait = toNumber(wait) || 0;
          if (isObject$1(options)) {
            leading = !!options.leading;
            maxing = 'maxWait' in options;
            maxWait = maxing ? nativeMax(toNumber(options.maxWait) || 0, wait) : maxWait;
            trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
          }

          function invokeFunc(time) {
            var args = lastArgs,
                thisArg = lastThis;

            lastArgs = lastThis = undefined;
            lastInvokeTime = time;
            result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
            return result;
          }

          function leadingEdge(time) {
            // Reset any `maxWait` timer.
            lastInvokeTime = time;
            // Start the timer for the trailing edge.
            timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
            // Invoke the leading edge.
            return leading ? invokeFunc(time) : result;
          }

          function remainingWait(time) {
            var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
                timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime,
                timeWaiting = wait - timeSinceLastCall;

            return maxing
              ? nativeMin(timeWaiting, maxWait - timeSinceLastInvoke)
              : timeWaiting;
          }

          function shouldInvoke(time) {
            var timeSinceLastCall = time - lastCallTime,
                timeSinceLastInvoke = time - lastInvokeTime;

            // Either this is the first call, activity has stopped and we're at the
            // trailing edge, the system time has gone backwards and we're treating
            // it as the trailing edge, or we've hit the `maxWait` limit.
            return (lastCallTime === undefined || (timeSinceLastCall >= wait) ||
              (timeSinceLastCall < 0) || (maxing && timeSinceLastInvoke >= maxWait));
          }

          function timerExpired() {
            var time = now$1();
            if (shouldInvoke(time)) {
              return trailingEdge(time);
            }
            // Restart the timer.
            timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, remainingWait(time));
          }

          function trailingEdge(time) {
            timerId = undefined;

            // Only invoke if we have `lastArgs` which means `func` has been
            // debounced at least once.
            if (trailing && lastArgs) {
              return invokeFunc(time);
            }
            lastArgs = lastThis = undefined;
            return result;
          }

          function cancel() {
            if (timerId !== undefined) {
              clearTimeout(timerId);
            }
            lastInvokeTime = 0;
            lastArgs = lastCallTime = lastThis = timerId = undefined;
          }

          function flush() {
            return timerId === undefined ? result : trailingEdge(now$1());
          }

          function debounced() {
            var time = now$1(),
                isInvoking = shouldInvoke(time);

            lastArgs = arguments;
            lastThis = this;
            lastCallTime = time;

            if (isInvoking) {
              if (timerId === undefined) {
                return leadingEdge(lastCallTime);
              }
              if (maxing) {
                // Handle invocations in a tight loop.
                clearTimeout(timerId);
                timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
                return invokeFunc(lastCallTime);
              }
            }
            if (timerId === undefined) {
              timerId = setTimeout(timerExpired, wait);
            }
            return result;
          }
          debounced.cancel = cancel;
          debounced.flush = flush;
          return debounced;
        }

        /** Error message constants. */
        var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT$1 = 'Expected a function';

        /**
         * Creates a throttled function that only invokes `func` at most once per
         * every `wait` milliseconds. The throttled function comes with a `cancel`
         * method to cancel delayed `func` invocations and a `flush` method to
         * immediately invoke them. Provide `options` to indicate whether `func`
         * should be invoked on the leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait`
         * timeout. The `func` is invoked with the last arguments provided to the
         * throttled function. Subsequent calls to the throttled function return the
         * result of the last `func` invocation.
         *
         * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is
         * invoked on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the throttled function
         * is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
         *
         * If `wait` is `0` and `leading` is `false`, `func` invocation is deferred
         * until to the next tick, similar to `setTimeout` with a timeout of `0`.
         *
         * See [David Corbacho's article](https://css-tricks.com/debouncing-throttling-explained-examples/)
         * for details over the differences between `_.throttle` and `_.debounce`.
         *
         * @static
         * @memberOf _
         * @since 0.1.0
         * @category Function
         * @param {Function} func The function to throttle.
         * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to throttle invocations to.
         * @param {Object} [options={}] The options object.
         * @param {boolean} [options.leading=true]
         *  Specify invoking on the leading edge of the timeout.
         * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true]
         *  Specify invoking on the trailing edge of the timeout.
         * @returns {Function} Returns the new throttled function.
         * @example
         *
         * // Avoid excessively updating the position while scrolling.
         * jQuery(window).on('scroll', _.throttle(updatePosition, 100));
         *
         * // Invoke `renewToken` when the click event is fired, but not more than once every 5 minutes.
         * var throttled = _.throttle(renewToken, 300000, { 'trailing': false });
         * jQuery(element).on('click', throttled);
         *
         * // Cancel the trailing throttled invocation.
         * jQuery(window).on('popstate', throttled.cancel);
         */
        function throttle(func, wait, options) {
          var leading = true,
              trailing = true;

          if (typeof func != 'function') {
            throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT$1);
          }
          if (isObject$1(options)) {
            leading = 'leading' in options ? !!options.leading : leading;
            trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
          }
          return debounce(func, wait, {
            'leading': leading,
            'maxWait': wait,
            'trailing': trailing
          });
        }

        var hashes = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        /**
         * jshashes - https://github.com/h2non/jshashes
         * Released under the "New BSD" license
         *
         * Algorithms specification:
         *
         * MD5 - http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt
         * RIPEMD-160 - http://homes.esat.kuleuven.be/~bosselae/ripemd160.html
         * SHA1   - http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
         * SHA256 - http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
         * SHA512 - http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-4/fips-180-4.pdf
         * HMAC - http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2104.txt
         */
        (function() {
          var Hashes;

          function utf8Encode(str) {
            var x, y, output = '',
              i = -1,
              l;

            if (str && str.length) {
              l = str.length;
              while ((i += 1) < l) {
                /* Decode utf-16 surrogate pairs */
                x = str.charCodeAt(i);
                y = i + 1 < l ? str.charCodeAt(i + 1) : 0;
                if (0xD800 <= x && x <= 0xDBFF && 0xDC00 <= y && y <= 0xDFFF) {
                  x = 0x10000 + ((x & 0x03FF) << 10) + (y & 0x03FF);
                  i += 1;
                }
                /* Encode output as utf-8 */
                if (x <= 0x7F) {
                  output += String.fromCharCode(x);
                } else if (x <= 0x7FF) {
                  output += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | ((x >>> 6) & 0x1F),
                    0x80 | (x & 0x3F));
                } else if (x <= 0xFFFF) {
                  output += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | ((x >>> 12) & 0x0F),
                    0x80 | ((x >>> 6) & 0x3F),
                    0x80 | (x & 0x3F));
                } else if (x <= 0x1FFFFF) {
                  output += String.fromCharCode(0xF0 | ((x >>> 18) & 0x07),
                    0x80 | ((x >>> 12) & 0x3F),
                    0x80 | ((x >>> 6) & 0x3F),
                    0x80 | (x & 0x3F));
                }
              }
            }
            return output;
          }

          function utf8Decode(str) {
            var i, ac, c1, c2, c3, arr = [],
              l;
            i = ac = c1 = c2 = c3 = 0;

            if (str && str.length) {
              l = str.length;
              str += '';

              while (i < l) {
                c1 = str.charCodeAt(i);
                ac += 1;
                if (c1 < 128) {
                  arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(c1);
                  i += 1;
                } else if (c1 > 191 && c1 < 224) {
                  c2 = str.charCodeAt(i + 1);
                  arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(((c1 & 31) << 6) | (c2 & 63));
                  i += 2;
                } else {
                  c2 = str.charCodeAt(i + 1);
                  c3 = str.charCodeAt(i + 2);
                  arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(((c1 & 15) << 12) | ((c2 & 63) << 6) | (c3 & 63));
                  i += 3;
                }
              }
            }
            return arr.join('');
          }

          /**
           * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
           * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
           */

          function safe_add(x, y) {
            var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF),
              msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
            return (msw << 16) | (lsw & 0xFFFF);
          }

          /**
           * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
           */

          function bit_rol(num, cnt) {
            return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt));
          }

          /**
           * Convert a raw string to a hex string
           */

          function rstr2hex(input, hexcase) {
            var hex_tab = hexcase ? '0123456789ABCDEF' : '0123456789abcdef',
              output = '',
              x, i = 0,
              l = input.length;
            for (; i < l; i += 1) {
              x = input.charCodeAt(i);
              output += hex_tab.charAt((x >>> 4) & 0x0F) + hex_tab.charAt(x & 0x0F);
            }
            return output;
          }

          /**
           * Convert an array of big-endian words to a string
           */

          function binb2rstr(input) {
            var i, l = input.length * 32,
              output = '';
            for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
              output += String.fromCharCode((input[i >> 5] >>> (24 - i % 32)) & 0xFF);
            }
            return output;
          }

          /**
           * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
           */

          function binl2rstr(input) {
            var i, l = input.length * 32,
              output = '';
            for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
              output += String.fromCharCode((input[i >> 5] >>> (i % 32)) & 0xFF);
            }
            return output;
          }

          /**
           * Convert a raw string to an array of little-endian words
           * Characters >255 have their high-byte silently ignored.
           */

          function rstr2binl(input) {
            var i, l = input.length * 8,
              output = Array(input.length >> 2),
              lo = output.length;
            for (i = 0; i < lo; i += 1) {
              output[i] = 0;
            }
            for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
              output[i >> 5] |= (input.charCodeAt(i / 8) & 0xFF) << (i % 32);
            }
            return output;
          }

          /**
           * Convert a raw string to an array of big-endian words
           * Characters >255 have their high-byte silently ignored.
           */

          function rstr2binb(input) {
            var i, l = input.length * 8,
              output = Array(input.length >> 2),
              lo = output.length;
            for (i = 0; i < lo; i += 1) {
              output[i] = 0;
            }
            for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
              output[i >> 5] |= (input.charCodeAt(i / 8) & 0xFF) << (24 - i % 32);
            }
            return output;
          }

          /**
           * Convert a raw string to an arbitrary string encoding
           */

          function rstr2any(input, encoding) {
            var divisor = encoding.length,
              remainders = Array(),
              i, q, x, ld, quotient, dividend, output, full_length;

            /* Convert to an array of 16-bit big-endian values, forming the dividend */
            dividend = Array(Math.ceil(input.length / 2));
            ld = dividend.length;
            for (i = 0; i < ld; i += 1) {
              dividend[i] = (input.charCodeAt(i * 2) << 8) | input.charCodeAt(i * 2 + 1);
            }

            /**
             * Repeatedly perform a long division. The binary array forms the dividend,
             * the length of the encoding is the divisor. Once computed, the quotient
             * forms the dividend for the next step. We stop when the dividend is zerHashes.
             * All remainders are stored for later use.
             */
            while (dividend.length > 0) {
              quotient = Array();
              x = 0;
              for (i = 0; i < dividend.length; i += 1) {
                x = (x << 16) + dividend[i];
                q = Math.floor(x / divisor);
                x -= q * divisor;
                if (quotient.length > 0 || q > 0) {
                  quotient[quotient.length] = q;
                }
              }
              remainders[remainders.length] = x;
              dividend = quotient;
            }

            /* Convert the remainders to the output string */
            output = '';
            for (i = remainders.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
              output += encoding.charAt(remainders[i]);
            }

            /* Append leading zero equivalents */
            full_length = Math.ceil(input.length * 8 / (Math.log(encoding.length) / Math.log(2)));
            for (i = output.length; i < full_length; i += 1) {
              output = encoding[0] + output;
            }
            return output;
          }

          /**
           * Convert a raw string to a base-64 string
           */

          function rstr2b64(input, b64pad) {
            var tab = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/',
              output = '',
              len = input.length,
              i, j, triplet;
            b64pad = b64pad || '=';
            for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3) {
              triplet = (input.charCodeAt(i) << 16) | (i + 1 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 8 : 0) | (i + 2 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 2) : 0);
              for (j = 0; j < 4; j += 1) {
                if (i * 8 + j * 6 > input.length * 8) {
                  output += b64pad;
                } else {
                  output += tab.charAt((triplet >>> 6 * (3 - j)) & 0x3F);
                }
              }
            }
            return output;
          }

          Hashes = {
            /**
             * @property {String} version
             * @readonly
             */
            VERSION: '1.0.6',
            /**
             * @member Hashes
             * @class Base64
             * @constructor
             */
            Base64: function() {
              // private properties
              var tab = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/',
                pad = '=', // default pad according with the RFC standard
                utf8 = true; // by default enable UTF-8 support encoding

              // public method for encoding
              this.encode = function(input) {
                var i, j, triplet,
                  output = '',
                  len = input.length;

                pad = pad || '=';
                input = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(input) : input;

                for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3) {
                  triplet = (input.charCodeAt(i) << 16) | (i + 1 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 8 : 0) | (i + 2 < len ? input.charCodeAt(i + 2) : 0);
                  for (j = 0; j < 4; j += 1) {
                    if (i * 8 + j * 6 > len * 8) {
                      output += pad;
                    } else {
                      output += tab.charAt((triplet >>> 6 * (3 - j)) & 0x3F);
                    }
                  }
                }
                return output;
              };

              // public method for decoding
              this.decode = function(input) {
                // var b64 = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=';
                var i, o1, o2, o3, h1, h2, h3, h4, bits, ac,
                  dec = '',
                  arr = [];
                if (!input) {
                  return input;
                }

                i = ac = 0;
                input = input.replace(new RegExp('\\' + pad, 'gi'), ''); // use '='
                //input += '';

                do { // unpack four hexets into three octets using index points in b64
                  h1 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
                  h2 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
                  h3 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));
                  h4 = tab.indexOf(input.charAt(i += 1));

                  bits = h1 << 18 | h2 << 12 | h3 << 6 | h4;

                  o1 = bits >> 16 & 0xff;
                  o2 = bits >> 8 & 0xff;
                  o3 = bits & 0xff;
                  ac += 1;

                  if (h3 === 64) {
                    arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1);
                  } else if (h4 === 64) {
                    arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1, o2);
                  } else {
                    arr[ac] = String.fromCharCode(o1, o2, o3);
                  }
                } while (i < input.length);

                dec = arr.join('');
                dec = (utf8) ? utf8Decode(dec) : dec;

                return dec;
              };

              // set custom pad string
              this.setPad = function(str) {
                pad = str || pad;
                return this;
              };
              // set custom tab string characters
              this.setTab = function(str) {
                tab = str || tab;
                return this;
              };
              this.setUTF8 = function(bool) {
                if (typeof bool === 'boolean') {
                  utf8 = bool;
                }
                return this;
              };
            },

            /**
             * CRC-32 calculation
             * @member Hashes
             * @method CRC32
             * @static
             * @param {String} str Input String
             * @return {String}
             */
            CRC32: function(str) {
              var crc = 0,
                x = 0,
                y = 0,
                table, i, iTop;
              str = utf8Encode(str);

              table = [
                '00000000 77073096 EE0E612C 990951BA 076DC419 706AF48F E963A535 9E6495A3 0EDB8832 ',
                '79DCB8A4 E0D5E91E 97D2D988 09B64C2B 7EB17CBD E7B82D07 90BF1D91 1DB71064 6AB020F2 F3B97148 ',
                '84BE41DE 1ADAD47D 6DDDE4EB F4D4B551 83D385C7 136C9856 646BA8C0 FD62F97A 8A65C9EC 14015C4F ',
                '63066CD9 FA0F3D63 8D080DF5 3B6E20C8 4C69105E D56041E4 A2677172 3C03E4D1 4B04D447 D20D85FD ',
                'A50AB56B 35B5A8FA 42B2986C DBBBC9D6 ACBCF940 32D86CE3 45DF5C75 DCD60DCF ABD13D59 26D930AC ',
                '51DE003A C8D75180 BFD06116 21B4F4B5 56B3C423 CFBA9599 B8BDA50F 2802B89E 5F058808 C60CD9B2 ',
                'B10BE924 2F6F7C87 58684C11 C1611DAB B6662D3D 76DC4190 01DB7106 98D220BC EFD5102A 71B18589 ',
                '06B6B51F 9FBFE4A5 E8B8D433 7807C9A2 0F00F934 9609A88E E10E9818 7F6A0DBB 086D3D2D 91646C97 ',
                'E6635C01 6B6B51F4 1C6C6162 856530D8 F262004E 6C0695ED 1B01A57B 8208F4C1 F50FC457 65B0D9C6 ',
                '12B7E950 8BBEB8EA FCB9887C 62DD1DDF 15DA2D49 8CD37CF3 FBD44C65 4DB26158 3AB551CE A3BC0074 ',
                'D4BB30E2 4ADFA541 3DD895D7 A4D1C46D D3D6F4FB 4369E96A 346ED9FC AD678846 DA60B8D0 44042D73 ',
                '33031DE5 AA0A4C5F DD0D7CC9 5005713C 270241AA BE0B1010 C90C2086 5768B525 206F85B3 B966D409 ',
                'CE61E49F 5EDEF90E 29D9C998 B0D09822 C7D7A8B4 59B33D17 2EB40D81 B7BD5C3B C0BA6CAD EDB88320 ',
                '9ABFB3B6 03B6E20C 74B1D29A EAD54739 9DD277AF 04DB2615 73DC1683 E3630B12 94643B84 0D6D6A3E ',
                '7A6A5AA8 E40ECF0B 9309FF9D 0A00AE27 7D079EB1 F00F9344 8708A3D2 1E01F268 6906C2FE F762575D ',
                '806567CB 196C3671 6E6B06E7 FED41B76 89D32BE0 10DA7A5A 67DD4ACC F9B9DF6F 8EBEEFF9 17B7BE43 ',
                '60B08ED5 D6D6A3E8 A1D1937E 38D8C2C4 4FDFF252 D1BB67F1 A6BC5767 3FB506DD 48B2364B D80D2BDA ',
                'AF0A1B4C 36034AF6 41047A60 DF60EFC3 A867DF55 316E8EEF 4669BE79 CB61B38C BC66831A 256FD2A0 ',
                '5268E236 CC0C7795 BB0B4703 220216B9 5505262F C5BA3BBE B2BD0B28 2BB45A92 5CB36A04 C2D7FFA7 ',
                'B5D0CF31 2CD99E8B 5BDEAE1D 9B64C2B0 EC63F226 756AA39C 026D930A 9C0906A9 EB0E363F 72076785 ',
                '05005713 95BF4A82 E2B87A14 7BB12BAE 0CB61B38 92D28E9B E5D5BE0D 7CDCEFB7 0BDBDF21 86D3D2D4 ',
                'F1D4E242 68DDB3F8 1FDA836E 81BE16CD F6B9265B 6FB077E1 18B74777 88085AE6 FF0F6A70 66063BCA ',
                '11010B5C 8F659EFF F862AE69 616BFFD3 166CCF45 A00AE278 D70DD2EE 4E048354 3903B3C2 A7672661 ',
                'D06016F7 4969474D 3E6E77DB AED16A4A D9D65ADC 40DF0B66 37D83BF0 A9BCAE53 DEBB9EC5 47B2CF7F ',
                '30B5FFE9 BDBDF21C CABAC28A 53B39330 24B4A3A6 BAD03605 CDD70693 54DE5729 23D967BF B3667A2E ',
                'C4614AB8 5D681B02 2A6F2B94 B40BBE37 C30C8EA1 5A05DF1B 2D02EF8D'
              ].join('');

              crc = crc ^ (-1);
              for (i = 0, iTop = str.length; i < iTop; i += 1) {
                y = (crc ^ str.charCodeAt(i)) & 0xFF;
                x = '0x' + table.substr(y * 9, 8);
                crc = (crc >>> 8) ^ x;
              }
              // always return a positive number (that's what >>> 0 does)
              return (crc ^ (-1)) >>> 0;
            },
            /**
             * @member Hashes
             * @class MD5
             * @constructor
             * @param {Object} [config]
             *
             * A JavaScript implementation of the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message
             * Digest Algorithm, as defined in RFC 1321.
             * Version 2.2 Copyright (C) Paul Johnston 1999 - 2009
             * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
             * See <http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5> for more infHashes.
             */
            MD5: function(options) {
              /**
               * Private config properties. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
               * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
               * See {@link Hashes.MD5#method-setUpperCase} and {@link Hashes.SHA1#method-setUpperCase}
               */
              var hexcase = (options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean') ? options.uppercase : false, // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase
                b64pad = (options && typeof options.pad === 'string') ? options.pad : '=', // base-64 pad character. Defaults to '=' for strict RFC compliance
                utf8 = (options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean') ? options.utf8 : true; // enable/disable utf8 encoding

              // privileged (public) methods
              this.hex = function(s) {
                return rstr2hex(rstr(s), hexcase);
              };
              this.b64 = function(s) {
                return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
              };
              this.any = function(s, e) {
                return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
              };
              this.raw = function(s) {
                return rstr(s);
              };
              this.hex_hmac = function(k, d) {
                return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d), hexcase);
              };
              this.b64_hmac = function(k, d) {
                return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
              };
              this.any_hmac = function(k, d, e) {
                return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
              };
              /**
               * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
               * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
               */
              this.vm_test = function() {
                return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
              };
              /**
               * Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
               * @param {Boolean}
               * @return {Object} this
               */
              this.setUpperCase = function(a) {
                if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
                  hexcase = a;
                }
                return this;
              };
              /**
               * Defines a base64 pad string
               * @param {String} Pad
               * @return {Object} this
               */
              this.setPad = function(a) {
                b64pad = a || b64pad;
                return this;
              };
              /**
               * Defines a base64 pad string
               * @param {Boolean}
               * @return {Object} [this]
               */
              this.setUTF8 = function(a) {
                if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
                  utf8 = a;
                }
                return this;
              };

              // private methods

              /**
               * Calculate the MD5 of a raw string
               */

              function rstr(s) {
                s = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
                return binl2rstr(binl(rstr2binl(s), s.length * 8));
              }

              /**
               * Calculate the HMAC-MD5, of a key and some data (raw strings)
               */

              function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
                var bkey, ipad, opad, hash, i;

                key = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
                data = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
                bkey = rstr2binl(key);
                if (bkey.length > 16) {
                  bkey = binl(bkey, key.length * 8);
                }

                ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
                for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
                  ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
                  opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
                }
                hash = binl(ipad.concat(rstr2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
                return binl2rstr(binl(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 128));
              }

              /**
               * Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length.
               */

              function binl(x, len) {
                var i, olda, oldb, oldc, oldd,
                  a = 1732584193,
                  b = -271733879,
                  c = -1732584194,
                  d = 271733878;

                /* append padding */
                x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << ((len) % 32);
                x[(((len + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = len;

                for (i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
                  olda = a;
                  oldb = b;
                  oldc = c;
                  oldd = d;

                  a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 7, -680876936);
                  d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 1], 12, -389564586);
                  c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 17, 606105819);
                  b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 3], 22, -1044525330);
                  a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 7, -176418897);
                  d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 5], 12, 1200080426);
                  c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 17, -1473231341);
                  b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 7], 22, -45705983);
                  a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 7, 1770035416);
                  d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 9], 12, -1958414417);
                  c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 17, -42063);
                  b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 11], 22, -1990404162);
                  a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 7, 1804603682);
                  d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 13], 12, -40341101);
                  c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 17, -1502002290);
                  b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 15], 22, 1236535329);

                  a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 5, -165796510);
                  d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 6], 9, -1069501632);
                  c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 14, 643717713);
                  b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 0], 20, -373897302);
                  a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 5, -701558691);
                  d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 10], 9, 38016083);
                  c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 14, -660478335);
                  b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 4], 20, -405537848);
                  a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 5, 568446438);
                  d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 14], 9, -1019803690);
                  c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 14, -187363961);
                  b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 8], 20, 1163531501);
                  a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 5, -1444681467);
                  d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 2], 9, -51403784);
                  c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 14, 1735328473);
                  b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 12], 20, -1926607734);

                  a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 4, -378558);
                  d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 8], 11, -2022574463);
                  c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 16, 1839030562);
                  b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 14], 23, -35309556);
                  a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 4, -1530992060);
                  d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 4], 11, 1272893353);
                  c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 16, -155497632);
                  b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 10], 23, -1094730640);
                  a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 4, 681279174);
                  d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 0], 11, -358537222);
                  c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 16, -722521979);
                  b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 6], 23, 76029189);
                  a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 4, -640364487);
                  d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 12], 11, -421815835);
                  c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 16, 530742520);
                  b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 2], 23, -995338651);

                  a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 6, -198630844);
                  d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 7], 10, 1126891415);
                  c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 15, -1416354905);
                  b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 5], 21, -57434055);
                  a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 6, 1700485571);
                  d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 3], 10, -1894986606);
                  c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 15, -1051523);
                  b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 1], 21, -2054922799);
                  a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 6, 1873313359);
                  d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 15], 10, -30611744);
                  c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 15, -1560198380);
                  b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 13], 21, 1309151649);
                  a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 6, -145523070);
                  d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 11], 10, -1120210379);
                  c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 15, 718787259);
                  b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 9], 21, -343485551);

                  a = safe_add(a, olda);
                  b = safe_add(b, oldb);
                  c = safe_add(c, oldc);
                  d = safe_add(d, oldd);
                }
                return Array(a, b, c, d);
              }

              /**
               * These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
               */

              function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t) {
                return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s), b);
              }

              function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
                return md5_cmn((b & c) | ((~b) & d), a, b, x, s, t);
              }

              function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
                return md5_cmn((b & d) | (c & (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
              }

              function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
                return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
              }

              function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
                return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
              }
            },
            /**
             * @member Hashes
             * @class Hashes.SHA1
             * @param {Object} [config]
             * @constructor
             *
             * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-1, as defined in FIPS 180-1
             * Version 2.2 Copyright Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
             * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
             * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
             */
            SHA1: function(options) {
              /**
               * Private config properties. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
               * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
               * See {@link Hashes.MD5#method-setUpperCase} and {@link Hashes.SHA1#method-setUpperCase}
               */
              var hexcase = (options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean') ? options.uppercase : false, // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase
                b64pad = (options && typeof options.pad === 'string') ? options.pad : '=', // base-64 pad character. Defaults to '=' for strict RFC compliance
                utf8 = (options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean') ? options.utf8 : true; // enable/disable utf8 encoding

              // public methods
              this.hex = function(s) {
                return rstr2hex(rstr(s), hexcase);
              };
              this.b64 = function(s) {
                return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
              };
              this.any = function(s, e) {
                return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
              };
              this.raw = function(s) {
                return rstr(s);
              };
              this.hex_hmac = function(k, d) {
                return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
              };
              this.b64_hmac = function(k, d) {
                return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
              };
              this.any_hmac = function(k, d, e) {
                return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
              };
              /**
               * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
               * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
               * @public
               */
              this.vm_test = function() {
                return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
              };
              /**
               * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
               * @param {boolean}
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setUpperCase = function(a) {
                if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
                  hexcase = a;
                }
                return this;
              };
              /**
               * @description Defines a base64 pad string
               * @param {string} Pad
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setPad = function(a) {
                b64pad = a || b64pad;
                return this;
              };
              /**
               * @description Defines a base64 pad string
               * @param {boolean}
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setUTF8 = function(a) {
                if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
                  utf8 = a;
                }
                return this;
              };

              // private methods

              /**
               * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
               */

              function rstr(s) {
                s = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
                return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
              }

              /**
               * Calculate the HMAC-SHA1 of a key and some data (raw strings)
               */

              function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
                var bkey, ipad, opad, i, hash;
                key = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
                data = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
                bkey = rstr2binb(key);

                if (bkey.length > 16) {
                  bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
                }
                ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
                for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
                  ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
                  opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
                }
                hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
                return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 160));
              }

              /**
               * Calculate the SHA-1 of an array of big-endian words, and a bit length
               */

              function binb(x, len) {
                var i, j, t, olda, oldb, oldc, oldd, olde,
                  w = Array(80),
                  a = 1732584193,
                  b = -271733879,
                  c = -1732584194,
                  d = 271733878,
                  e = -1009589776;

                /* append padding */
                x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << (24 - len % 32);
                x[((len + 64 >> 9) << 4) + 15] = len;

                for (i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
                  olda = a;
                  oldb = b;
                  oldc = c;
                  oldd = d;
                  olde = e;

                  for (j = 0; j < 80; j += 1) {
                    if (j < 16) {
                      w[j] = x[i + j];
                    } else {
                      w[j] = bit_rol(w[j - 3] ^ w[j - 8] ^ w[j - 14] ^ w[j - 16], 1);
                    }
                    t = safe_add(safe_add(bit_rol(a, 5), sha1_ft(j, b, c, d)),
                      safe_add(safe_add(e, w[j]), sha1_kt(j)));
                    e = d;
                    d = c;
                    c = bit_rol(b, 30);
                    b = a;
                    a = t;
                  }

                  a = safe_add(a, olda);
                  b = safe_add(b, oldb);
                  c = safe_add(c, oldc);
                  d = safe_add(d, oldd);
                  e = safe_add(e, olde);
                }
                return Array(a, b, c, d, e);
              }

              /**
               * Perform the appropriate triplet combination function for the current
               * iteration
               */

              function sha1_ft(t, b, c, d) {
                if (t < 20) {
                  return (b & c) | ((~b) & d);
                }
                if (t < 40) {
                  return b ^ c ^ d;
                }
                if (t < 60) {
                  return (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d);
                }
                return b ^ c ^ d;
              }

              /**
               * Determine the appropriate additive constant for the current iteration
               */

              function sha1_kt(t) {
                return (t < 20) ? 1518500249 : (t < 40) ? 1859775393 :
                  (t < 60) ? -1894007588 : -899497514;
              }
            },
            /**
             * @class Hashes.SHA256
             * @param {config}
             *
             * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-256, as defined in FIPS 180-2
             * Version 2.2 Copyright Angel Marin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
             * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
             * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
             * Also http://anmar.eu.org/projects/jssha2/
             */
            SHA256: function(options) {
              /**
               * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
               * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
               * @see this.setUpperCase() method
               * @see this.setPad() method
               */
              var hexcase = (options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean') ? options.uppercase : false, // hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
                b64pad = (options && typeof options.pad === 'string') ? options.pad : '=',
                /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
                utf8 = (options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean') ? options.utf8 : true,
                /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
                sha256_K;

              /* privileged (public) methods */
              this.hex = function(s) {
                return rstr2hex(rstr(s, utf8));
              };
              this.b64 = function(s) {
                return rstr2b64(rstr(s, utf8), b64pad);
              };
              this.any = function(s, e) {
                return rstr2any(rstr(s, utf8), e);
              };
              this.raw = function(s) {
                return rstr(s, utf8);
              };
              this.hex_hmac = function(k, d) {
                return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
              };
              this.b64_hmac = function(k, d) {
                return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
              };
              this.any_hmac = function(k, d, e) {
                return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
              };
              /**
               * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
               * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
               * @public
               */
              this.vm_test = function() {
                return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
              };
              /**
               * Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
               * @param {boolean}
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setUpperCase = function(a) {
                if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
                  hexcase = a;
                }
                return this;
              };
              /**
               * @description Defines a base64 pad string
               * @param {string} Pad
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setPad = function(a) {
                b64pad = a || b64pad;
                return this;
              };
              /**
               * Defines a base64 pad string
               * @param {boolean}
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setUTF8 = function(a) {
                if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
                  utf8 = a;
                }
                return this;
              };

              // private methods

              /**
               * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
               */

              function rstr(s, utf8) {
                s = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
                return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
              }

              /**
               * Calculate the HMAC-sha256 of a key and some data (raw strings)
               */

              function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
                key = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
                data = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
                var hash, i = 0,
                  bkey = rstr2binb(key),
                  ipad = Array(16),
                  opad = Array(16);

                if (bkey.length > 16) {
                  bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
                }

                for (; i < 16; i += 1) {
                  ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
                  opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
                }

                hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
                return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 256));
              }

              /*
               * Main sha256 function, with its support functions
               */

              function sha256_S(X, n) {
                return (X >>> n) | (X << (32 - n));
              }

              function sha256_R(X, n) {
                return (X >>> n);
              }

              function sha256_Ch(x, y, z) {
                return ((x & y) ^ ((~x) & z));
              }

              function sha256_Maj(x, y, z) {
                return ((x & y) ^ (x & z) ^ (y & z));
              }

              function sha256_Sigma0256(x) {
                return (sha256_S(x, 2) ^ sha256_S(x, 13) ^ sha256_S(x, 22));
              }

              function sha256_Sigma1256(x) {
                return (sha256_S(x, 6) ^ sha256_S(x, 11) ^ sha256_S(x, 25));
              }

              function sha256_Gamma0256(x) {
                return (sha256_S(x, 7) ^ sha256_S(x, 18) ^ sha256_R(x, 3));
              }

              function sha256_Gamma1256(x) {
                return (sha256_S(x, 17) ^ sha256_S(x, 19) ^ sha256_R(x, 10));
              }

              sha256_K = [
                1116352408, 1899447441, -1245643825, -373957723, 961987163, 1508970993, -1841331548, -1424204075, -670586216, 310598401, 607225278, 1426881987,
                1925078388, -2132889090, -1680079193, -1046744716, -459576895, -272742522,
                264347078, 604807628, 770255983, 1249150122, 1555081692, 1996064986, -1740746414, -1473132947, -1341970488, -1084653625, -958395405, -710438585,
                113926993, 338241895, 666307205, 773529912, 1294757372, 1396182291,
                1695183700, 1986661051, -2117940946, -1838011259, -1564481375, -1474664885, -1035236496, -949202525, -778901479, -694614492, -200395387, 275423344,
                430227734, 506948616, 659060556, 883997877, 958139571, 1322822218,
                1537002063, 1747873779, 1955562222, 2024104815, -2067236844, -1933114872, -1866530822, -1538233109, -1090935817, -965641998
              ];

              function binb(m, l) {
                var HASH = [1779033703, -1150833019, 1013904242, -1521486534,
                  1359893119, -1694144372, 528734635, 1541459225
                ];
                var W = new Array(64);
                var a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h;
                var i, j, T1, T2;

                /* append padding */
                m[l >> 5] |= 0x80 << (24 - l % 32);
                m[((l + 64 >> 9) << 4) + 15] = l;

                for (i = 0; i < m.length; i += 16) {
                  a = HASH[0];
                  b = HASH[1];
                  c = HASH[2];
                  d = HASH[3];
                  e = HASH[4];
                  f = HASH[5];
                  g = HASH[6];
                  h = HASH[7];

                  for (j = 0; j < 64; j += 1) {
                    if (j < 16) {
                      W[j] = m[j + i];
                    } else {
                      W[j] = safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(sha256_Gamma1256(W[j - 2]), W[j - 7]),
                        sha256_Gamma0256(W[j - 15])), W[j - 16]);
                    }

                    T1 = safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(safe_add(h, sha256_Sigma1256(e)), sha256_Ch(e, f, g)),
                      sha256_K[j]), W[j]);
                    T2 = safe_add(sha256_Sigma0256(a), sha256_Maj(a, b, c));
                    h = g;
                    g = f;
                    f = e;
                    e = safe_add(d, T1);
                    d = c;
                    c = b;
                    b = a;
                    a = safe_add(T1, T2);
                  }

                  HASH[0] = safe_add(a, HASH[0]);
                  HASH[1] = safe_add(b, HASH[1]);
                  HASH[2] = safe_add(c, HASH[2]);
                  HASH[3] = safe_add(d, HASH[3]);
                  HASH[4] = safe_add(e, HASH[4]);
                  HASH[5] = safe_add(f, HASH[5]);
                  HASH[6] = safe_add(g, HASH[6]);
                  HASH[7] = safe_add(h, HASH[7]);
                }
                return HASH;
              }

            },

            /**
             * @class Hashes.SHA512
             * @param {config}
             *
             * A JavaScript implementation of the Secure Hash Algorithm, SHA-512, as defined in FIPS 180-2
             * Version 2.2 Copyright Anonymous Contributor, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
             * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
             * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
             */
            SHA512: function(options) {
              /**
               * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
               * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
               * @see this.setUpperCase() method
               * @see this.setPad() method
               */
              var hexcase = (options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean') ? options.uppercase : false,
                /* hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
                b64pad = (options && typeof options.pad === 'string') ? options.pad : '=',
                /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
                utf8 = (options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean') ? options.utf8 : true,
                /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
                sha512_k;

              /* privileged (public) methods */
              this.hex = function(s) {
                return rstr2hex(rstr(s));
              };
              this.b64 = function(s) {
                return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
              };
              this.any = function(s, e) {
                return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
              };
              this.raw = function(s) {
                return rstr(s);
              };
              this.hex_hmac = function(k, d) {
                return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
              };
              this.b64_hmac = function(k, d) {
                return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
              };
              this.any_hmac = function(k, d, e) {
                return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
              };
              /**
               * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
               * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
               * @public
               */
              this.vm_test = function() {
                return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
              };
              /**
               * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
               * @param {boolean}
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setUpperCase = function(a) {
                if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
                  hexcase = a;
                }
                return this;
              };
              /**
               * @description Defines a base64 pad string
               * @param {string} Pad
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setPad = function(a) {
                b64pad = a || b64pad;
                return this;
              };
              /**
               * @description Defines a base64 pad string
               * @param {boolean}
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setUTF8 = function(a) {
                if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
                  utf8 = a;
                }
                return this;
              };

              /* private methods */

              /**
               * Calculate the SHA-512 of a raw string
               */

              function rstr(s) {
                s = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
                return binb2rstr(binb(rstr2binb(s), s.length * 8));
              }
              /*
               * Calculate the HMAC-SHA-512 of a key and some data (raw strings)
               */

              function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
                key = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
                data = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(data) : data;

                var hash, i = 0,
                  bkey = rstr2binb(key),
                  ipad = Array(32),
                  opad = Array(32);

                if (bkey.length > 32) {
                  bkey = binb(bkey, key.length * 8);
                }

                for (; i < 32; i += 1) {
                  ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
                  opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
                }

                hash = binb(ipad.concat(rstr2binb(data)), 1024 + data.length * 8);
                return binb2rstr(binb(opad.concat(hash), 1024 + 512));
              }

              /**
               * Calculate the SHA-512 of an array of big-endian dwords, and a bit length
               */

              function binb(x, len) {
                var j, i, l,
                  W = new Array(80),
                  hash = new Array(16),
                  //Initial hash values
                  H = [
                    new int64(0x6a09e667, -205731576),
                    new int64(-1150833019, -2067093701),
                    new int64(0x3c6ef372, -23791573),
                    new int64(-1521486534, 0x5f1d36f1),
                    new int64(0x510e527f, -1377402159),
                    new int64(-1694144372, 0x2b3e6c1f),
                    new int64(0x1f83d9ab, -79577749),
                    new int64(0x5be0cd19, 0x137e2179)
                  ],
                  T1 = new int64(0, 0),
                  T2 = new int64(0, 0),
                  a = new int64(0, 0),
                  b = new int64(0, 0),
                  c = new int64(0, 0),
                  d = new int64(0, 0),
                  e = new int64(0, 0),
                  f = new int64(0, 0),
                  g = new int64(0, 0),
                  h = new int64(0, 0),
                  //Temporary variables not specified by the document
                  s0 = new int64(0, 0),
                  s1 = new int64(0, 0),
                  Ch = new int64(0, 0),
                  Maj = new int64(0, 0),
                  r1 = new int64(0, 0),
                  r2 = new int64(0, 0),
                  r3 = new int64(0, 0);

                if (sha512_k === undefined) {
                  //SHA512 constants
                  sha512_k = [
                    new int64(0x428a2f98, -685199838), new int64(0x71374491, 0x23ef65cd),
                    new int64(-1245643825, -330482897), new int64(-373957723, -2121671748),
                    new int64(0x3956c25b, -213338824), new int64(0x59f111f1, -1241133031),
                    new int64(-1841331548, -1357295717), new int64(-1424204075, -630357736),
                    new int64(-670586216, -1560083902), new int64(0x12835b01, 0x45706fbe),
                    new int64(0x243185be, 0x4ee4b28c), new int64(0x550c7dc3, -704662302),
                    new int64(0x72be5d74, -226784913), new int64(-2132889090, 0x3b1696b1),
                    new int64(-1680079193, 0x25c71235), new int64(-1046744716, -815192428),
                    new int64(-459576895, -1628353838), new int64(-272742522, 0x384f25e3),
                    new int64(0xfc19dc6, -1953704523), new int64(0x240ca1cc, 0x77ac9c65),
                    new int64(0x2de92c6f, 0x592b0275), new int64(0x4a7484aa, 0x6ea6e483),
                    new int64(0x5cb0a9dc, -1119749164), new int64(0x76f988da, -2096016459),
                    new int64(-1740746414, -295247957), new int64(-1473132947, 0x2db43210),
                    new int64(-1341970488, -1728372417), new int64(-1084653625, -1091629340),
                    new int64(-958395405, 0x3da88fc2), new int64(-710438585, -1828018395),
                    new int64(0x6ca6351, -536640913), new int64(0x14292967, 0xa0e6e70),
                    new int64(0x27b70a85, 0x46d22ffc), new int64(0x2e1b2138, 0x5c26c926),
                    new int64(0x4d2c6dfc, 0x5ac42aed), new int64(0x53380d13, -1651133473),
                    new int64(0x650a7354, -1951439906), new int64(0x766a0abb, 0x3c77b2a8),
                    new int64(-2117940946, 0x47edaee6), new int64(-1838011259, 0x1482353b),
                    new int64(-1564481375, 0x4cf10364), new int64(-1474664885, -1136513023),
                    new int64(-1035236496, -789014639), new int64(-949202525, 0x654be30),
                    new int64(-778901479, -688958952), new int64(-694614492, 0x5565a910),
                    new int64(-200395387, 0x5771202a), new int64(0x106aa070, 0x32bbd1b8),
                    new int64(0x19a4c116, -1194143544), new int64(0x1e376c08, 0x5141ab53),
                    new int64(0x2748774c, -544281703), new int64(0x34b0bcb5, -509917016),
                    new int64(0x391c0cb3, -976659869), new int64(0x4ed8aa4a, -482243893),
                    new int64(0x5b9cca4f, 0x7763e373), new int64(0x682e6ff3, -692930397),
                    new int64(0x748f82ee, 0x5defb2fc), new int64(0x78a5636f, 0x43172f60),
                    new int64(-2067236844, -1578062990), new int64(-1933114872, 0x1a6439ec),
                    new int64(-1866530822, 0x23631e28), new int64(-1538233109, -561857047),
                    new int64(-1090935817, -1295615723), new int64(-965641998, -479046869),
                    new int64(-903397682, -366583396), new int64(-779700025, 0x21c0c207),
                    new int64(-354779690, -840897762), new int64(-176337025, -294727304),
                    new int64(0x6f067aa, 0x72176fba), new int64(0xa637dc5, -1563912026),
                    new int64(0x113f9804, -1090974290), new int64(0x1b710b35, 0x131c471b),
                    new int64(0x28db77f5, 0x23047d84), new int64(0x32caab7b, 0x40c72493),
                    new int64(0x3c9ebe0a, 0x15c9bebc), new int64(0x431d67c4, -1676669620),
                    new int64(0x4cc5d4be, -885112138), new int64(0x597f299c, -60457430),
                    new int64(0x5fcb6fab, 0x3ad6faec), new int64(0x6c44198c, 0x4a475817)
                  ];
                }

                for (i = 0; i < 80; i += 1) {
                  W[i] = new int64(0, 0);
                }

                // append padding to the source string. The format is described in the FIPS.
                x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << (24 - (len & 0x1f));
                x[((len + 128 >> 10) << 5) + 31] = len;
                l = x.length;
                for (i = 0; i < l; i += 32) { //32 dwords is the block size
                  int64copy(a, H[0]);
                  int64copy(b, H[1]);
                  int64copy(c, H[2]);
                  int64copy(d, H[3]);
                  int64copy(e, H[4]);
                  int64copy(f, H[5]);
                  int64copy(g, H[6]);
                  int64copy(h, H[7]);

                  for (j = 0; j < 16; j += 1) {
                    W[j].h = x[i + 2 * j];
                    W[j].l = x[i + 2 * j + 1];
                  }

                  for (j = 16; j < 80; j += 1) {
                    //sigma1
                    int64rrot(r1, W[j - 2], 19);
                    int64revrrot(r2, W[j - 2], 29);
                    int64shr(r3, W[j - 2], 6);
                    s1.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
                    s1.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;
                    //sigma0
                    int64rrot(r1, W[j - 15], 1);
                    int64rrot(r2, W[j - 15], 8);
                    int64shr(r3, W[j - 15], 7);
                    s0.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
                    s0.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;

                    int64add4(W[j], s1, W[j - 7], s0, W[j - 16]);
                  }

                  for (j = 0; j < 80; j += 1) {
                    //Ch
                    Ch.l = (e.l & f.l) ^ (~e.l & g.l);
                    Ch.h = (e.h & f.h) ^ (~e.h & g.h);

                    //Sigma1
                    int64rrot(r1, e, 14);
                    int64rrot(r2, e, 18);
                    int64revrrot(r3, e, 9);
                    s1.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
                    s1.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;

                    //Sigma0
                    int64rrot(r1, a, 28);
                    int64revrrot(r2, a, 2);
                    int64revrrot(r3, a, 7);
                    s0.l = r1.l ^ r2.l ^ r3.l;
                    s0.h = r1.h ^ r2.h ^ r3.h;

                    //Maj
                    Maj.l = (a.l & b.l) ^ (a.l & c.l) ^ (b.l & c.l);
                    Maj.h = (a.h & b.h) ^ (a.h & c.h) ^ (b.h & c.h);

                    int64add5(T1, h, s1, Ch, sha512_k[j], W[j]);
                    int64add(T2, s0, Maj);

                    int64copy(h, g);
                    int64copy(g, f);
                    int64copy(f, e);
                    int64add(e, d, T1);
                    int64copy(d, c);
                    int64copy(c, b);
                    int64copy(b, a);
                    int64add(a, T1, T2);
                  }
                  int64add(H[0], H[0], a);
                  int64add(H[1], H[1], b);
                  int64add(H[2], H[2], c);
                  int64add(H[3], H[3], d);
                  int64add(H[4], H[4], e);
                  int64add(H[5], H[5], f);
                  int64add(H[6], H[6], g);
                  int64add(H[7], H[7], h);
                }

                //represent the hash as an array of 32-bit dwords
                for (i = 0; i < 8; i += 1) {
                  hash[2 * i] = H[i].h;
                  hash[2 * i + 1] = H[i].l;
                }
                return hash;
              }

              //A constructor for 64-bit numbers

              function int64(h, l) {
                this.h = h;
                this.l = l;
                //this.toString = int64toString;
              }

              //Copies src into dst, assuming both are 64-bit numbers

              function int64copy(dst, src) {
                dst.h = src.h;
                dst.l = src.l;
              }

              //Right-rotates a 64-bit number by shift
              //Won't handle cases of shift>=32
              //The function revrrot() is for that

              function int64rrot(dst, x, shift) {
                dst.l = (x.l >>> shift) | (x.h << (32 - shift));
                dst.h = (x.h >>> shift) | (x.l << (32 - shift));
              }

              //Reverses the dwords of the source and then rotates right by shift.
              //This is equivalent to rotation by 32+shift

              function int64revrrot(dst, x, shift) {
                dst.l = (x.h >>> shift) | (x.l << (32 - shift));
                dst.h = (x.l >>> shift) | (x.h << (32 - shift));
              }

              //Bitwise-shifts right a 64-bit number by shift
              //Won't handle shift>=32, but it's never needed in SHA512

              function int64shr(dst, x, shift) {
                dst.l = (x.l >>> shift) | (x.h << (32 - shift));
                dst.h = (x.h >>> shift);
              }

              //Adds two 64-bit numbers
              //Like the original implementation, does not rely on 32-bit operations

              function int64add(dst, x, y) {
                var w0 = (x.l & 0xffff) + (y.l & 0xffff);
                var w1 = (x.l >>> 16) + (y.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16);
                var w2 = (x.h & 0xffff) + (y.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16);
                var w3 = (x.h >>> 16) + (y.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
                dst.l = (w0 & 0xffff) | (w1 << 16);
                dst.h = (w2 & 0xffff) | (w3 << 16);
              }

              //Same, except with 4 addends. Works faster than adding them one by one.

              function int64add4(dst, a, b, c, d) {
                var w0 = (a.l & 0xffff) + (b.l & 0xffff) + (c.l & 0xffff) + (d.l & 0xffff);
                var w1 = (a.l >>> 16) + (b.l >>> 16) + (c.l >>> 16) + (d.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16);
                var w2 = (a.h & 0xffff) + (b.h & 0xffff) + (c.h & 0xffff) + (d.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16);
                var w3 = (a.h >>> 16) + (b.h >>> 16) + (c.h >>> 16) + (d.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
                dst.l = (w0 & 0xffff) | (w1 << 16);
                dst.h = (w2 & 0xffff) | (w3 << 16);
              }

              //Same, except with 5 addends

              function int64add5(dst, a, b, c, d, e) {
                var w0 = (a.l & 0xffff) + (b.l & 0xffff) + (c.l & 0xffff) + (d.l & 0xffff) + (e.l & 0xffff),
                  w1 = (a.l >>> 16) + (b.l >>> 16) + (c.l >>> 16) + (d.l >>> 16) + (e.l >>> 16) + (w0 >>> 16),
                  w2 = (a.h & 0xffff) + (b.h & 0xffff) + (c.h & 0xffff) + (d.h & 0xffff) + (e.h & 0xffff) + (w1 >>> 16),
                  w3 = (a.h >>> 16) + (b.h >>> 16) + (c.h >>> 16) + (d.h >>> 16) + (e.h >>> 16) + (w2 >>> 16);
                dst.l = (w0 & 0xffff) | (w1 << 16);
                dst.h = (w2 & 0xffff) | (w3 << 16);
              }
            },
            /**
             * @class Hashes.RMD160
             * @constructor
             * @param {Object} [config]
             *
             * A JavaScript implementation of the RIPEMD-160 Algorithm
             * Version 2.2 Copyright Jeremy Lin, Paul Johnston 2000 - 2009.
             * Other contributors: Greg Holt, Andrew Kepert, Ydnar, Lostinet
             * See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for details.
             * Also http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~jjlin/jsotp/
             */
            RMD160: function(options) {
              /**
               * Private properties configuration variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
               * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
               * @see this.setUpperCase() method
               * @see this.setPad() method
               */
              var hexcase = (options && typeof options.uppercase === 'boolean') ? options.uppercase : false,
                /* hexadecimal output case format. false - lowercase; true - uppercase  */
                b64pad = (options && typeof options.pad === 'string') ? options.pa : '=',
                /* base-64 pad character. Default '=' for strict RFC compliance   */
                utf8 = (options && typeof options.utf8 === 'boolean') ? options.utf8 : true,
                /* enable/disable utf8 encoding */
                rmd160_r1 = [
                  0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
                  7, 4, 13, 1, 10, 6, 15, 3, 12, 0, 9, 5, 2, 14, 11, 8,
                  3, 10, 14, 4, 9, 15, 8, 1, 2, 7, 0, 6, 13, 11, 5, 12,
                  1, 9, 11, 10, 0, 8, 12, 4, 13, 3, 7, 15, 14, 5, 6, 2,
                  4, 0, 5, 9, 7, 12, 2, 10, 14, 1, 3, 8, 11, 6, 15, 13
                ],
                rmd160_r2 = [
                  5, 14, 7, 0, 9, 2, 11, 4, 13, 6, 15, 8, 1, 10, 3, 12,
                  6, 11, 3, 7, 0, 13, 5, 10, 14, 15, 8, 12, 4, 9, 1, 2,
                  15, 5, 1, 3, 7, 14, 6, 9, 11, 8, 12, 2, 10, 0, 4, 13,
                  8, 6, 4, 1, 3, 11, 15, 0, 5, 12, 2, 13, 9, 7, 10, 14,
                  12, 15, 10, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 6, 2, 13, 14, 0, 3, 9, 11
                ],
                rmd160_s1 = [
                  11, 14, 15, 12, 5, 8, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 6, 7, 9, 8,
                  7, 6, 8, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 7, 12, 15, 9, 11, 7, 13, 12,
                  11, 13, 6, 7, 14, 9, 13, 15, 14, 8, 13, 6, 5, 12, 7, 5,
                  11, 12, 14, 15, 14, 15, 9, 8, 9, 14, 5, 6, 8, 6, 5, 12,
                  9, 15, 5, 11, 6, 8, 13, 12, 5, 12, 13, 14, 11, 8, 5, 6
                ],
                rmd160_s2 = [
                  8, 9, 9, 11, 13, 15, 15, 5, 7, 7, 8, 11, 14, 14, 12, 6,
                  9, 13, 15, 7, 12, 8, 9, 11, 7, 7, 12, 7, 6, 15, 13, 11,
                  9, 7, 15, 11, 8, 6, 6, 14, 12, 13, 5, 14, 13, 13, 7, 5,
                  15, 5, 8, 11, 14, 14, 6, 14, 6, 9, 12, 9, 12, 5, 15, 8,
                  8, 5, 12, 9, 12, 5, 14, 6, 8, 13, 6, 5, 15, 13, 11, 11
                ];

              /* privileged (public) methods */
              this.hex = function(s) {
                return rstr2hex(rstr(s));
              };
              this.b64 = function(s) {
                return rstr2b64(rstr(s), b64pad);
              };
              this.any = function(s, e) {
                return rstr2any(rstr(s), e);
              };
              this.raw = function(s) {
                return rstr(s);
              };
              this.hex_hmac = function(k, d) {
                return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac(k, d));
              };
              this.b64_hmac = function(k, d) {
                return rstr2b64(rstr_hmac(k, d), b64pad);
              };
              this.any_hmac = function(k, d, e) {
                return rstr2any(rstr_hmac(k, d), e);
              };
              /**
               * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
               * @return {String} Hexadecimal hash sample
               * @public
               */
              this.vm_test = function() {
                return hex('abc').toLowerCase() === '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72';
              };
              /**
               * @description Enable/disable uppercase hexadecimal returned string
               * @param {boolean}
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setUpperCase = function(a) {
                if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
                  hexcase = a;
                }
                return this;
              };
              /**
               * @description Defines a base64 pad string
               * @param {string} Pad
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setPad = function(a) {
                if (typeof a !== 'undefined') {
                  b64pad = a;
                }
                return this;
              };
              /**
               * @description Defines a base64 pad string
               * @param {boolean}
               * @return {Object} this
               * @public
               */
              this.setUTF8 = function(a) {
                if (typeof a === 'boolean') {
                  utf8 = a;
                }
                return this;
              };

              /* private methods */

              /**
               * Calculate the rmd160 of a raw string
               */

              function rstr(s) {
                s = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(s) : s;
                return binl2rstr(binl(rstr2binl(s), s.length * 8));
              }

              /**
               * Calculate the HMAC-rmd160 of a key and some data (raw strings)
               */

              function rstr_hmac(key, data) {
                key = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(key) : key;
                data = (utf8) ? utf8Encode(data) : data;
                var i, hash,
                  bkey = rstr2binl(key),
                  ipad = Array(16),
                  opad = Array(16);

                if (bkey.length > 16) {
                  bkey = binl(bkey, key.length * 8);
                }

                for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 1) {
                  ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
                  opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
                }
                hash = binl(ipad.concat(rstr2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * 8);
                return binl2rstr(binl(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 160));
              }

              /**
               * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
               */

              function binl2rstr(input) {
                var i, output = '',
                  l = input.length * 32;
                for (i = 0; i < l; i += 8) {
                  output += String.fromCharCode((input[i >> 5] >>> (i % 32)) & 0xFF);
                }
                return output;
              }

              /**
               * Calculate the RIPE-MD160 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length.
               */

              function binl(x, len) {
                var T, j, i, l,
                  h0 = 0x67452301,
                  h1 = 0xefcdab89,
                  h2 = 0x98badcfe,
                  h3 = 0x10325476,
                  h4 = 0xc3d2e1f0,
                  A1, B1, C1, D1, E1,
                  A2, B2, C2, D2, E2;

                /* append padding */
                x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << (len % 32);
                x[(((len + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = len;
                l = x.length;

                for (i = 0; i < l; i += 16) {
                  A1 = A2 = h0;
                  B1 = B2 = h1;
                  C1 = C2 = h2;
                  D1 = D2 = h3;
                  E1 = E2 = h4;
                  for (j = 0; j <= 79; j += 1) {
                    T = safe_add(A1, rmd160_f(j, B1, C1, D1));
                    T = safe_add(T, x[i + rmd160_r1[j]]);
                    T = safe_add(T, rmd160_K1(j));
                    T = safe_add(bit_rol(T, rmd160_s1[j]), E1);
                    A1 = E1;
                    E1 = D1;
                    D1 = bit_rol(C1, 10);
                    C1 = B1;
                    B1 = T;
                    T = safe_add(A2, rmd160_f(79 - j, B2, C2, D2));
                    T = safe_add(T, x[i + rmd160_r2[j]]);
                    T = safe_add(T, rmd160_K2(j));
                    T = safe_add(bit_rol(T, rmd160_s2[j]), E2);
                    A2 = E2;
                    E2 = D2;
                    D2 = bit_rol(C2, 10);
                    C2 = B2;
                    B2 = T;
                  }

                  T = safe_add(h1, safe_add(C1, D2));
                  h1 = safe_add(h2, safe_add(D1, E2));
                  h2 = safe_add(h3, safe_add(E1, A2));
                  h3 = safe_add(h4, safe_add(A1, B2));
                  h4 = safe_add(h0, safe_add(B1, C2));
                  h0 = T;
                }
                return [h0, h1, h2, h3, h4];
              }

              // specific algorithm methods

              function rmd160_f(j, x, y, z) {
                return (0 <= j && j <= 15) ? (x ^ y ^ z) :
                  (16 <= j && j <= 31) ? (x & y) | (~x & z) :
                  (32 <= j && j <= 47) ? (x | ~y) ^ z :
                  (48 <= j && j <= 63) ? (x & z) | (y & ~z) :
                  (64 <= j && j <= 79) ? x ^ (y | ~z) :
                  'rmd160_f: j out of range';
              }

              function rmd160_K1(j) {
                return (0 <= j && j <= 15) ? 0x00000000 :
                  (16 <= j && j <= 31) ? 0x5a827999 :
                  (32 <= j && j <= 47) ? 0x6ed9eba1 :
                  (48 <= j && j <= 63) ? 0x8f1bbcdc :
                  (64 <= j && j <= 79) ? 0xa953fd4e :
                  'rmd160_K1: j out of range';
              }

              function rmd160_K2(j) {
                return (0 <= j && j <= 15) ? 0x50a28be6 :
                  (16 <= j && j <= 31) ? 0x5c4dd124 :
                  (32 <= j && j <= 47) ? 0x6d703ef3 :
                  (48 <= j && j <= 63) ? 0x7a6d76e9 :
                  (64 <= j && j <= 79) ? 0x00000000 :
                  'rmd160_K2: j out of range';
              }
            }
          };

          // exposes Hashes
          (function(window, undefined$1) {
            var freeExports = false;
            {
              freeExports = exports;
              if (exports && typeof commonjsGlobal === 'object' && commonjsGlobal && commonjsGlobal === commonjsGlobal.global) {
                window = commonjsGlobal;
              }
            }

            if (typeof undefined$1 === 'function' && typeof undefined$1.amd === 'object' && undefined$1.amd) {
              // define as an anonymous module, so, through path mapping, it can be aliased
              undefined$1(function() {
                return Hashes;
              });
            } else if (freeExports) {
              // in Node.js or RingoJS v0.8.0+
              if ( module && module.exports === freeExports) {
                module.exports = Hashes;
              }
              // in Narwhal or RingoJS v0.7.0-
              else {
                freeExports.Hashes = Hashes;
              }
            } else {
              // in a browser or Rhino
              window.Hashes = Hashes;
            }
          }(this));
        }()); // IIFE
        });

        var immutable = extend$2;

        var hasOwnProperty$3 = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;

        function extend$2() {
            var arguments$1 = arguments;

            var target = {};

            for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
                var source = arguments$1[i];

                for (var key in source) {
                    if (hasOwnProperty$3.call(source, key)) {
                        target[key] = source[key];
                    }
                }
            }

            return target
        }

        var sha1 = new hashes.SHA1();

        var ohauth = {};

        ohauth.qsString = function(obj) {
            return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function(key) {
                return ohauth.percentEncode(key) + '=' +
                    ohauth.percentEncode(obj[key]);
            }).join('&');
        };

        ohauth.stringQs = function(str) {
            return str.split('&').filter(function (pair) {
                return pair !== '';
            }).reduce(function(obj, pair){
                var parts = pair.split('=');
                obj[decodeURIComponent(parts[0])] = (null === parts[1]) ?
                    '' : decodeURIComponent(parts[1]);
                return obj;
            }, {});
        };

        ohauth.rawxhr = function(method, url, data, headers, callback) {
            var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(),
                twoHundred = /^20\d$/;
            xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
                if (4 === xhr.readyState && 0 !== xhr.status) {
                    if (twoHundred.test(xhr.status)) { callback(null, xhr); }
                    else { return callback(xhr, null); }
                }
            };
            xhr.onerror = function(e) { return callback(e, null); };
            xhr.open(method, url, true);
            for (var h in headers) { xhr.setRequestHeader(h, headers[h]); }
            xhr.send(data);
            return xhr;
        };

        ohauth.xhr = function(method, url, auth, data, options, callback) {
            var headers = (options && options.header) || {
                'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
            };
            headers.Authorization = 'OAuth ' + ohauth.authHeader(auth);
            return ohauth.rawxhr(method, url, data, headers, callback);
        };

        ohauth.nonce = function() {
            for (var o = ''; o.length < 6;) {
                o += '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXTZabcdefghiklmnopqrstuvwxyz'[Math.floor(Math.random() * 61)];
            }
            return o;
        };

        ohauth.authHeader = function(obj) {
            return Object.keys(obj).sort().map(function(key) {
                return encodeURIComponent(key) + '="' + encodeURIComponent(obj[key]) + '"';
            }).join(', ');
        };

        ohauth.timestamp = function() { return ~~((+new Date()) / 1000); };

        ohauth.percentEncode = function(s) {
            return encodeURIComponent(s)
                .replace(/\!/g, '%21').replace(/\'/g, '%27')
                .replace(/\*/g, '%2A').replace(/\(/g, '%28').replace(/\)/g, '%29');
        };

        ohauth.baseString = function(method, url, params) {
            if (params.oauth_signature) { delete params.oauth_signature; }
            return [
                method,
                ohauth.percentEncode(url),
                ohauth.percentEncode(ohauth.qsString(params))].join('&');
        };

        ohauth.signature = function(oauth_secret, token_secret, baseString) {
            return sha1.b64_hmac(
                ohauth.percentEncode(oauth_secret) + '&' +
                ohauth.percentEncode(token_secret),
                baseString);
        };

        /**
         * Takes an options object for configuration (consumer_key,
         * consumer_secret, version, signature_method, token, token_secret)
         * and returns a function that generates the Authorization header
         * for given data.
         *
         * The returned function takes these parameters:
         * - method: GET/POST/...
         * - uri: full URI with protocol, port, path and query string
         * - extra_params: any extra parameters (that are passed in the POST data),
         *   can be an object or a from-urlencoded string.
         *
         * Returned function returns full OAuth header with "OAuth" string in it.
         */

        ohauth.headerGenerator = function(options) {
            options = options || {};
            var consumer_key = options.consumer_key || '',
                consumer_secret = options.consumer_secret || '',
                signature_method = options.signature_method || 'HMAC-SHA1',
                version = options.version || '1.0',
                token = options.token || '',
                token_secret = options.token_secret || '';

            return function(method, uri, extra_params) {
                method = method.toUpperCase();
                if (typeof extra_params === 'string' && extra_params.length > 0) {
                    extra_params = ohauth.stringQs(extra_params);
                }

                var uri_parts = uri.split('?', 2),
                base_uri = uri_parts[0];

                var query_params = uri_parts.length === 2 ?
                    ohauth.stringQs(uri_parts[1]) : {};

                var oauth_params = {
                    oauth_consumer_key: consumer_key,
                    oauth_signature_method: signature_method,
                    oauth_version: version,
                    oauth_timestamp: ohauth.timestamp(),
                    oauth_nonce: ohauth.nonce()
                };

                if (token) { oauth_params.oauth_token = token; }

                var all_params = immutable({}, oauth_params, query_params, extra_params),
                    base_str = ohauth.baseString(method, base_uri, all_params);

                oauth_params.oauth_signature = ohauth.signature(consumer_secret, token_secret, base_str);

                return 'OAuth ' + ohauth.authHeader(oauth_params);
            };
        };

        var ohauth_1 = ohauth;

        var resolveUrl$1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        // Copyright 2014 Simon Lydell
        // X11 (“MIT”) Licensed. (See LICENSE.)

        void (function(root, factory) {
          {
            module.exports = factory();
          }
        }(commonjsGlobal, function() {

          function resolveUrl(/* ...urls */) {
            var arguments$1 = arguments;

            var numUrls = arguments.length;

            if (numUrls === 0) {
              throw new Error("resolveUrl requires at least one argument; got none.")
            }

            var base = document.createElement("base");
            base.href = arguments[0];

            if (numUrls === 1) {
              return base.href
            }

            var head = document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
            head.insertBefore(base, head.firstChild);

            var a = document.createElement("a");
            var resolved;

            for (var index = 1; index < numUrls; index++) {
              a.href = arguments$1[index];
              resolved = a.href;
              base.href = resolved;
            }

            head.removeChild(base);

            return resolved
          }

          return resolveUrl

        }));
        });

        var assign$1 = make_assign();
        var create$8 = make_create();
        var trim = make_trim();
        var Global = (typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : commonjsGlobal);

        var util = {
                assign: assign$1,
                create: create$8,
                trim: trim,
                bind: bind$3,
                slice: slice$5,
                each: each,
                map: map$5,
                pluck: pluck,
                isList: isList,
                isFunction: isFunction$2,
                isObject: isObject$2,
                Global: Global
        };

        function make_assign() {
                if (Object.assign) {
                        return Object.assign
                } else {
                        return function shimAssign(obj, props1, props2, etc) {
                                var arguments$1 = arguments;

                                for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
                                        each(Object(arguments$1[i]), function(val, key) {
                                                obj[key] = val;
                                        });
                                }                       
                                return obj
                        }
                }
        }

        function make_create() {
                if (Object.create) {
                        return function create(obj, assignProps1, assignProps2, etc) {
                                var assignArgsList = slice$5(arguments, 1);
                                return assign$1.apply(this, [Object.create(obj)].concat(assignArgsList))
                        }
                } else {
                        function F() {} // eslint-disable-line no-inner-declarations
                        return function create(obj, assignProps1, assignProps2, etc) {
                                var assignArgsList = slice$5(arguments, 1);
                                F.prototype = obj;
                                return assign$1.apply(this, [new F()].concat(assignArgsList))
                        }
                }
        }

        function make_trim() {
                if (String.prototype.trim) {
                        return function trim(str) {
                                return String.prototype.trim.call(str)
                        }
                } else {
                        return function trim(str) {
                                return str.replace(/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g, '')
                        }
                }
        }

        function bind$3(obj, fn) {
                return function() {
                        return fn.apply(obj, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0))
                }
        }

        function slice$5(arr, index) {
                return Array.prototype.slice.call(arr, index || 0)
        }

        function each(obj, fn) {
                pluck(obj, function(val, key) {
                        fn(val, key);
                        return false
                });
        }

        function map$5(obj, fn) {
                var res = (isList(obj) ? [] : {});
                pluck(obj, function(v, k) {
                        res[k] = fn(v, k);
                        return false
                });
                return res
        }

        function pluck(obj, fn) {
                if (isList(obj)) {
                        for (var i=0; i<obj.length; i++) {
                                if (fn(obj[i], i)) {
                                        return obj[i]
                                }
                        }
                } else {
                        for (var key in obj) {
                                if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                                        if (fn(obj[key], key)) {
                                                return obj[key]
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
        }

        function isList(val) {
                return (val != null && typeof val != 'function' && typeof val.length == 'number')
        }

        function isFunction$2(val) {
                return val && {}.toString.call(val) === '[object Function]'
        }

        function isObject$2(val) {
                return val && {}.toString.call(val) === '[object Object]'
        }

        var slice$6 = util.slice;
        var pluck$1 = util.pluck;
        var each$1 = util.each;
        var bind$4 = util.bind;
        var create$9 = util.create;
        var isList$1 = util.isList;
        var isFunction$3 = util.isFunction;
        var isObject$3 = util.isObject;

        var storeEngine = {
                createStore: createStore
        };

        var storeAPI = {
                version: '2.0.12',
                enabled: false,
                
                // get returns the value of the given key. If that value
                // is undefined, it returns optionalDefaultValue instead.
                get: function(key, optionalDefaultValue) {
                        var data = this.storage.read(this._namespacePrefix + key);
                        return this._deserialize(data, optionalDefaultValue)
                },

                // set will store the given value at key and returns value.
                // Calling set with value === undefined is equivalent to calling remove.
                set: function(key, value) {
                        if (value === undefined) {
                                return this.remove(key)
                        }
                        this.storage.write(this._namespacePrefix + key, this._serialize(value));
                        return value
                },

                // remove deletes the key and value stored at the given key.
                remove: function(key) {
                        this.storage.remove(this._namespacePrefix + key);
                },

                // each will call the given callback once for each key-value pair
                // in this store.
                each: function(callback) {
                        var self = this;
                        this.storage.each(function(val, namespacedKey) {
                                callback.call(self, self._deserialize(val), (namespacedKey || '').replace(self._namespaceRegexp, ''));
                        });
                },

                // clearAll will remove all the stored key-value pairs in this store.
                clearAll: function() {
                        this.storage.clearAll();
                },

                // additional functionality that can't live in plugins
                // ---------------------------------------------------

                // hasNamespace returns true if this store instance has the given namespace.
                hasNamespace: function(namespace) {
                        return (this._namespacePrefix == '__storejs_'+namespace+'_')
                },

                // createStore creates a store.js instance with the first
                // functioning storage in the list of storage candidates,
                // and applies the the given mixins to the instance.
                createStore: function() {
                        return createStore.apply(this, arguments)
                },
                
                addPlugin: function(plugin) {
                        this._addPlugin(plugin);
                },
                
                namespace: function(namespace) {
                        return createStore(this.storage, this.plugins, namespace)
                }
        };

        function _warn() {
                var _console = (typeof console == 'undefined' ? null : console);
                if (!_console) { return }
                var fn = (_console.warn ? _console.warn : _console.log);
                fn.apply(_console, arguments);
        }

        function createStore(storages, plugins, namespace) {
                if (!namespace) {
                        namespace = '';
                }
                if (storages && !isList$1(storages)) {
                        storages = [storages];
                }
                if (plugins && !isList$1(plugins)) {
                        plugins = [plugins];
                }

                var namespacePrefix = (namespace ? '__storejs_'+namespace+'_' : '');
                var namespaceRegexp = (namespace ? new RegExp('^'+namespacePrefix) : null);
                var legalNamespaces = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-]*$/; // alpha-numeric + underscore and dash
                if (!legalNamespaces.test(namespace)) {
                        throw new Error('store.js namespaces can only have alphanumerics + underscores and dashes')
                }
                
                var _privateStoreProps = {
                        _namespacePrefix: namespacePrefix,
                        _namespaceRegexp: namespaceRegexp,

                        _testStorage: function(storage) {
                                try {
                                        var testStr = '__storejs__test__';
                                        storage.write(testStr, testStr);
                                        var ok = (storage.read(testStr) === testStr);
                                        storage.remove(testStr);
                                        return ok
                                } catch(e) {
                                        return false
                                }
                        },

                        _assignPluginFnProp: function(pluginFnProp, propName) {
                                var oldFn = this[propName];
                                this[propName] = function pluginFn() {
                                        var args = slice$6(arguments, 0);
                                        var self = this;

                                        // super_fn calls the old function which was overwritten by
                                        // this mixin.
                                        function super_fn() {
                                                if (!oldFn) { return }
                                                each$1(arguments, function(arg, i) {
                                                        args[i] = arg;
                                                });
                                                return oldFn.apply(self, args)
                                        }

                                        // Give mixing function access to super_fn by prefixing all mixin function
                                        // arguments with super_fn.
                                        var newFnArgs = [super_fn].concat(args);

                                        return pluginFnProp.apply(self, newFnArgs)
                                };
                        },

                        _serialize: function(obj) {
                                return JSON.stringify(obj)
                        },

                        _deserialize: function(strVal, defaultVal) {
                                if (!strVal) { return defaultVal }
                                // It is possible that a raw string value has been previously stored
                                // in a storage without using store.js, meaning it will be a raw
                                // string value instead of a JSON serialized string. By defaulting
                                // to the raw string value in case of a JSON parse error, we allow
                                // for past stored values to be forwards-compatible with store.js
                                var val = '';
                                try { val = JSON.parse(strVal); }
                                catch(e) { val = strVal; }

                                return (val !== undefined ? val : defaultVal)
                        },
                        
                        _addStorage: function(storage) {
                                if (this.enabled) { return }
                                if (this._testStorage(storage)) {
                                        this.storage = storage;
                                        this.enabled = true;
                                }
                        },

                        _addPlugin: function(plugin) {
                                var self = this;

                                // If the plugin is an array, then add all plugins in the array.
                                // This allows for a plugin to depend on other plugins.
                                if (isList$1(plugin)) {
                                        each$1(plugin, function(plugin) {
                                                self._addPlugin(plugin);
                                        });
                                        return
                                }

                                // Keep track of all plugins we've seen so far, so that we
                                // don't add any of them twice.
                                var seenPlugin = pluck$1(this.plugins, function(seenPlugin) {
                                        return (plugin === seenPlugin)
                                });
                                if (seenPlugin) {
                                        return
                                }
                                this.plugins.push(plugin);

                                // Check that the plugin is properly formed
                                if (!isFunction$3(plugin)) {
                                        throw new Error('Plugins must be function values that return objects')
                                }

                                var pluginProperties = plugin.call(this);
                                if (!isObject$3(pluginProperties)) {
                                        throw new Error('Plugins must return an object of function properties')
                                }

                                // Add the plugin function properties to this store instance.
                                each$1(pluginProperties, function(pluginFnProp, propName) {
                                        if (!isFunction$3(pluginFnProp)) {
                                                throw new Error('Bad plugin property: '+propName+' from plugin '+plugin.name+'. Plugins should only return functions.')
                                        }
                                        self._assignPluginFnProp(pluginFnProp, propName);
                                });
                        },
                        
                        // Put deprecated properties in the private API, so as to not expose it to accidential
                        // discovery through inspection of the store object.
                        
                        // Deprecated: addStorage
                        addStorage: function(storage) {
                                _warn('store.addStorage(storage) is deprecated. Use createStore([storages])');
                                this._addStorage(storage);
                        }
                };

                var store = create$9(_privateStoreProps, storeAPI, {
                        plugins: []
                });
                store.raw = {};
                each$1(store, function(prop, propName) {
                        if (isFunction$3(prop)) {
                                store.raw[propName] = bind$4(store, prop);                      
                        }
                });
                each$1(storages, function(storage) {
                        store._addStorage(storage);
                });
                each$1(plugins, function(plugin) {
                        store._addPlugin(plugin);
                });
                return store
        }

        var Global$1 = util.Global;

        var localStorage_1 = {
                name: 'localStorage',
                read: read,
                write: write,
                each: each$2,
                remove: remove$2,
                clearAll: clearAll,
        };

        function localStorage$1() {
                return Global$1.localStorage
        }

        function read(key) {
                return localStorage$1().getItem(key)
        }

        function write(key, data) {
                return localStorage$1().setItem(key, data)
        }

        function each$2(fn) {
                for (var i = localStorage$1().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                        var key = localStorage$1().key(i);
                        fn(read(key), key);
                }
        }

        function remove$2(key) {
                return localStorage$1().removeItem(key)
        }

        function clearAll() {
                return localStorage$1().clear()
        }

        // oldFF-globalStorage provides storage for Firefox
        // versions 6 and 7, where no localStorage, etc
        // is available.


        var Global$2 = util.Global;

        var oldFFGlobalStorage = {
                name: 'oldFF-globalStorage',
                read: read$1,
                write: write$1,
                each: each$3,
                remove: remove$3,
                clearAll: clearAll$1,
        };

        var globalStorage = Global$2.globalStorage;

        function read$1(key) {
                return globalStorage[key]
        }

        function write$1(key, data) {
                globalStorage[key] = data;
        }

        function each$3(fn) {
                for (var i = globalStorage.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                        var key = globalStorage.key(i);
                        fn(globalStorage[key], key);
                }
        }

        function remove$3(key) {
                return globalStorage.removeItem(key)
        }

        function clearAll$1() {
                each$3(function(key, _) {
                        delete globalStorage[key];
                });
        }

        // oldIE-userDataStorage provides storage for Internet Explorer
        // versions 6 and 7, where no localStorage, sessionStorage, etc
        // is available.


        var Global$3 = util.Global;

        var oldIEUserDataStorage = {
                name: 'oldIE-userDataStorage',
                write: write$2,
                read: read$2,
                each: each$4,
                remove: remove$4,
                clearAll: clearAll$2,
        };

        var storageName = 'storejs';
        var doc = Global$3.document;
        var _withStorageEl = _makeIEStorageElFunction();
        var disable = (Global$3.navigator ? Global$3.navigator.userAgent : '').match(/ (MSIE 8|MSIE 9|MSIE 10)\./); // MSIE 9.x, MSIE 10.x

        function write$2(unfixedKey, data) {
                if (disable) { return }
                var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
                _withStorageEl(function(storageEl) {
                        storageEl.setAttribute(fixedKey, data);
                        storageEl.save(storageName);
                });
        }

        function read$2(unfixedKey) {
                if (disable) { return }
                var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
                var res = null;
                _withStorageEl(function(storageEl) {
                        res = storageEl.getAttribute(fixedKey);
                });
                return res
        }

        function each$4(callback) {
                _withStorageEl(function(storageEl) {
                        var attributes = storageEl.XMLDocument.documentElement.attributes;
                        for (var i=attributes.length-1; i>=0; i--) {
                                var attr = attributes[i];
                                callback(storageEl.getAttribute(attr.name), attr.name);
                        }
                });
        }

        function remove$4(unfixedKey) {
                var fixedKey = fixKey(unfixedKey);
                _withStorageEl(function(storageEl) {
                        storageEl.removeAttribute(fixedKey);
                        storageEl.save(storageName);
                });
        }

        function clearAll$2() {
                _withStorageEl(function(storageEl) {
                        var attributes = storageEl.XMLDocument.documentElement.attributes;
                        storageEl.load(storageName);
                        for (var i=attributes.length-1; i>=0; i--) {
                                storageEl.removeAttribute(attributes[i].name);
                        }
                        storageEl.save(storageName);
                });
        }

        // Helpers
        //////////

        // In IE7, keys cannot start with a digit or contain certain chars.
        // See https://github.com/marcuswestin/store.js/issues/40
        // See https://github.com/marcuswestin/store.js/issues/83
        var forbiddenCharsRegex = new RegExp("[!\"#$%&'()*+,/\\\\:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~]", "g");
        function fixKey(key) {
                return key.replace(/^\d/, '___$&').replace(forbiddenCharsRegex, '___')
        }

        function _makeIEStorageElFunction() {
                if (!doc || !doc.documentElement || !doc.documentElement.addBehavior) {
                        return null
                }
                var scriptTag = 'script',
                        storageOwner,
                        storageContainer,
                        storageEl;

                // Since #userData storage applies only to specific paths, we need to
                // somehow link our data to a specific path.  We choose /favicon.ico
                // as a pretty safe option, since all browsers already make a request to
                // this URL anyway and being a 404 will not hurt us here.  We wrap an
                // iframe pointing to the favicon in an ActiveXObject(htmlfile) object
                // (see: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa752574(v=VS.85).aspx)
                // since the iframe access rules appear to allow direct access and
                // manipulation of the document element, even for a 404 page.  This
                // document can be used instead of the current document (which would
                // have been limited to the current path) to perform #userData storage.
                try {
                        /* global ActiveXObject */
                        storageContainer = new ActiveXObject('htmlfile');
                        storageContainer.open();
                        storageContainer.write('<'+scriptTag+'>document.w=window</'+scriptTag+'><iframe src="/favicon.ico"></iframe>');
                        storageContainer.close();
                        storageOwner = storageContainer.w.frames[0].document;
                        storageEl = storageOwner.createElement('div');
                } catch(e) {
                        // somehow ActiveXObject instantiation failed (perhaps some special
                        // security settings or otherwse), fall back to per-path storage
                        storageEl = doc.createElement('div');
                        storageOwner = doc.body;
                }

                return function(storeFunction) {
                        var args = [].slice.call(arguments, 0);
                        args.unshift(storageEl);
                        // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531081(v=VS.85).aspx
                        // and http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531424(v=VS.85).aspx
                        storageOwner.appendChild(storageEl);
                        storageEl.addBehavior('#default#userData');
                        storageEl.load(storageName);
                        storeFunction.apply(this, args);
                        storageOwner.removeChild(storageEl);
                        return
                }
        }

        // cookieStorage is useful Safari private browser mode, where localStorage
        // doesn't work but cookies do. This implementation is adopted from
        // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Storage/LocalStorage


        var Global$4 = util.Global;
        var trim$1 = util.trim;

        var cookieStorage = {
                name: 'cookieStorage',
                read: read$3,
                write: write$3,
                each: each$5,
                remove: remove$5,
                clearAll: clearAll$3,
        };

        var doc$1 = Global$4.document;

        function read$3(key) {
                if (!key || !_has(key)) { return null }
                var regexpStr = "(?:^|.*;\\s*)" +
                        escape(key).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") +
                        "\\s*\\=\\s*((?:[^;](?!;))*[^;]?).*";
                return unescape(doc$1.cookie.replace(new RegExp(regexpStr), "$1"))
        }

        function each$5(callback) {
                var cookies = doc$1.cookie.split(/; ?/g);
                for (var i = cookies.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                        if (!trim$1(cookies[i])) {
                                continue
                        }
                        var kvp = cookies[i].split('=');
                        var key = unescape(kvp[0]);
                        var val = unescape(kvp[1]);
                        callback(val, key);
                }
        }

        function write$3(key, data) {
                if(!key) { return }
                doc$1.cookie = escape(key) + "=" + escape(data) + "; expires=Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT; path=/";
        }

        function remove$5(key) {
                if (!key || !_has(key)) {
                        return
                }
                doc$1.cookie = escape(key) + "=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/";
        }

        function clearAll$3() {
                each$5(function(_, key) {
                        remove$5(key);
                });
        }

        function _has(key) {
                return (new RegExp("(?:^|;\\s*)" + escape(key).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g, "\\$&") + "\\s*\\=")).test(doc$1.cookie)
        }

        var Global$5 = util.Global;

        var sessionStorage_1 = {
                name: 'sessionStorage',
                read: read$4,
                write: write$4,
                each: each$6,
                remove: remove$6,
                clearAll: clearAll$4
        };

        function sessionStorage() {
                return Global$5.sessionStorage
        }

        function read$4(key) {
                return sessionStorage().getItem(key)
        }

        function write$4(key, data) {
                return sessionStorage().setItem(key, data)
        }

        function each$6(fn) {
                for (var i = sessionStorage().length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                        var key = sessionStorage().key(i);
                        fn(read$4(key), key);
                }
        }

        function remove$6(key) {
                return sessionStorage().removeItem(key)
        }

        function clearAll$4() {
                return sessionStorage().clear()
        }

        // memoryStorage is a useful last fallback to ensure that the store
        // is functions (meaning store.get(), store.set(), etc will all function).
        // However, stored values will not persist when the browser navigates to
        // a new page or reloads the current page.

        var memoryStorage_1 = {
                name: 'memoryStorage',
                read: read$5,
                write: write$5,
                each: each$7,
                remove: remove$7,
                clearAll: clearAll$5,
        };

        var memoryStorage = {};

        function read$5(key) {
                return memoryStorage[key]
        }

        function write$5(key, data) {
                memoryStorage[key] = data;
        }

        function each$7(callback) {
                for (var key in memoryStorage) {
                        if (memoryStorage.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                                callback(memoryStorage[key], key);
                        }
                }
        }

        function remove$7(key) {
                delete memoryStorage[key];
        }

        function clearAll$5(key) {
                memoryStorage = {};
        }

        var all = [
                // Listed in order of usage preference
                localStorage_1,
                oldFFGlobalStorage,
                oldIEUserDataStorage,
                cookieStorage,
                sessionStorage_1,
                memoryStorage_1
        ];

        /* eslint-disable */

        //  json2.js
        //  2016-10-28
        //  Public Domain.
        //  NO WARRANTY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK.
        //  See http://www.JSON.org/js.html
        //  This code should be minified before deployment.
        //  See http://javascript.crockford.com/jsmin.html

        //  USE YOUR OWN COPY. IT IS EXTREMELY UNWISE TO LOAD CODE FROM SERVERS YOU DO
        //  NOT CONTROL.

        //  This file creates a global JSON object containing two methods: stringify
        //  and parse. This file provides the ES5 JSON capability to ES3 systems.
        //  If a project might run on IE8 or earlier, then this file should be included.
        //  This file does nothing on ES5 systems.

        //      JSON.stringify(value, replacer, space)
        //          value       any JavaScript value, usually an object or array.
        //          replacer    an optional parameter that determines how object
        //                      values are stringified for objects. It can be a
        //                      function or an array of strings.
        //          space       an optional parameter that specifies the indentation
        //                      of nested structures. If it is omitted, the text will
        //                      be packed without extra whitespace. If it is a number,
        //                      it will specify the number of spaces to indent at each
        //                      level. If it is a string (such as "\t" or "&nbsp;"),
        //                      it contains the characters used to indent at each level.
        //          This method produces a JSON text from a JavaScript value.
        //          When an object value is found, if the object contains a toJSON
        //          method, its toJSON method will be called and the result will be
        //          stringified. A toJSON method does not serialize: it returns the
        //          value represented by the name/value pair that should be serialized,
        //          or undefined if nothing should be serialized. The toJSON method
        //          will be passed the key associated with the value, and this will be
        //          bound to the value.

        //          For example, this would serialize Dates as ISO strings.

        //              Date.prototype.toJSON = function (key) {
        //                  function f(n) {
        //                      // Format integers to have at least two digits.
        //                      return (n < 10)
        //                          ? "0" + n
        //                          : n;
        //                  }
        //                  return this.getUTCFullYear()   + "-" +
        //                       f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + "-" +
        //                       f(this.getUTCDate())      + "T" +
        //                       f(this.getUTCHours())     + ":" +
        //                       f(this.getUTCMinutes())   + ":" +
        //                       f(this.getUTCSeconds())   + "Z";
        //              };

        //          You can provide an optional replacer method. It will be passed the
        //          key and value of each member, with this bound to the containing
        //          object. The value that is returned from your method will be
        //          serialized. If your method returns undefined, then the member will
        //          be excluded from the serialization.

        //          If the replacer parameter is an array of strings, then it will be
        //          used to select the members to be serialized. It filters the results
        //          such that only members with keys listed in the replacer array are
        //          stringified.

        //          Values that do not have JSON representations, such as undefined or
        //          functions, will not be serialized. Such values in objects will be
        //          dropped; in arrays they will be replaced with null. You can use
        //          a replacer function to replace those with JSON values.

        //          JSON.stringify(undefined) returns undefined.

        //          The optional space parameter produces a stringification of the
        //          value that is filled with line breaks and indentation to make it
        //          easier to read.

        //          If the space parameter is a non-empty string, then that string will
        //          be used for indentation. If the space parameter is a number, then
        //          the indentation will be that many spaces.

        //          Example:

        //          text = JSON.stringify(["e", {pluribus: "unum"}]);
        //          // text is '["e",{"pluribus":"unum"}]'

        //          text = JSON.stringify(["e", {pluribus: "unum"}], null, "\t");
        //          // text is '[\n\t"e",\n\t{\n\t\t"pluribus": "unum"\n\t}\n]'

        //          text = JSON.stringify([new Date()], function (key, value) {
        //              return this[key] instanceof Date
        //                  ? "Date(" + this[key] + ")"
        //                  : value;
        //          });
        //          // text is '["Date(---current time---)"]'

        //      JSON.parse(text, reviver)
        //          This method parses a JSON text to produce an object or array.
        //          It can throw a SyntaxError exception.

        //          The optional reviver parameter is a function that can filter and
        //          transform the results. It receives each of the keys and values,
        //          and its return value is used instead of the original value.
        //          If it returns what it received, then the structure is not modified.
        //          If it returns undefined then the member is deleted.

        //          Example:

        //          // Parse the text. Values that look like ISO date strings will
        //          // be converted to Date objects.

        //          myData = JSON.parse(text, function (key, value) {
        //              var a;
        //              if (typeof value === "string") {
        //                  a =
        //   /^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})T(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}(?:\.\d*)?)Z$/.exec(value);
        //                  if (a) {
        //                      return new Date(Date.UTC(+a[1], +a[2] - 1, +a[3], +a[4],
        //                          +a[5], +a[6]));
        //                  }
        //              }
        //              return value;
        //          });

        //          myData = JSON.parse('["Date(09/09/2001)"]', function (key, value) {
        //              var d;
        //              if (typeof value === "string" &&
        //                      value.slice(0, 5) === "Date(" &&
        //                      value.slice(-1) === ")") {
        //                  d = new Date(value.slice(5, -1));
        //                  if (d) {
        //                      return d;
        //                  }
        //              }
        //              return value;
        //          });

        //  This is a reference implementation. You are free to copy, modify, or
        //  redistribute.

        /*jslint
            eval, for, this
        */

        /*property
            JSON, apply, call, charCodeAt, getUTCDate, getUTCFullYear, getUTCHours,
            getUTCMinutes, getUTCMonth, getUTCSeconds, hasOwnProperty, join,
            lastIndex, length, parse, prototype, push, replace, slice, stringify,
            test, toJSON, toString, valueOf
        */


        // Create a JSON object only if one does not already exist. We create the
        // methods in a closure to avoid creating global variables.

        if (typeof JSON !== "object") {
            JSON = {};
        }

        (function () {

            var rx_one = /^[\],:{}\s]*$/;
            var rx_two = /\\(?:["\\\/bfnrt]|u[0-9a-fA-F]{4})/g;
            var rx_three = /"[^"\\\n\r]*"|true|false|null|-?\d+(?:\.\d*)?(?:[eE][+\-]?\d+)?/g;
            var rx_four = /(?:^|:|,)(?:\s*\[)+/g;
            var rx_escapable = /[\\"\u0000-\u001f\u007f-\u009f\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g;
            var rx_dangerous = /[\u0000\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g;

            function f(n) {
                // Format integers to have at least two digits.
                return n < 10
                    ? "0" + n
                    : n;
            }

            function this_value() {
                return this.valueOf();
            }

            if (typeof Date.prototype.toJSON !== "function") {

                Date.prototype.toJSON = function () {

                    return isFinite(this.valueOf())
                        ? this.getUTCFullYear() + "-" +
                                f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + "-" +
                                f(this.getUTCDate()) + "T" +
                                f(this.getUTCHours()) + ":" +
                                f(this.getUTCMinutes()) + ":" +
                                f(this.getUTCSeconds()) + "Z"
                        : null;
                };

                Boolean.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
                Number.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
                String.prototype.toJSON = this_value;
            }

            var gap;
            var indent;
            var meta;
            var rep;


            function quote(string) {

        // If the string contains no control characters, no quote characters, and no
        // backslash characters, then we can safely slap some quotes around it.
        // Otherwise we must also replace the offending characters with safe escape
        // sequences.

                rx_escapable.lastIndex = 0;
                return rx_escapable.test(string)
                    ? "\"" + string.replace(rx_escapable, function (a) {
                        var c = meta[a];
                        return typeof c === "string"
                            ? c
                            : "\\u" + ("0000" + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
                    }) + "\""
                    : "\"" + string + "\"";
            }


            function str(key, holder) {

        // Produce a string from holder[key].

                var i;          // The loop counter.
                var k;          // The member key.
                var v;          // The member value.
                var length;
                var mind = gap;
                var partial;
                var value = holder[key];

        // If the value has a toJSON method, call it to obtain a replacement value.

                if (value && typeof value === "object" &&
                        typeof value.toJSON === "function") {
                    value = value.toJSON(key);
                }

        // If we were called with a replacer function, then call the replacer to
        // obtain a replacement value.

                if (typeof rep === "function") {
                    value = rep.call(holder, key, value);
                }

        // What happens next depends on the value's type.

                switch (typeof value) {
                case "string":
                    return quote(value);

                case "number":

        // JSON numbers must be finite. Encode non-finite numbers as null.

                    return isFinite(value)
                        ? String(value)
                        : "null";

                case "boolean":
                case "null":

        // If the value is a boolean or null, convert it to a string. Note:
        // typeof null does not produce "null". The case is included here in
        // the remote chance that this gets fixed someday.

                    return String(value);

        // If the type is "object", we might be dealing with an object or an array or
        // null.

                case "object":

        // Due to a specification blunder in ECMAScript, typeof null is "object",
        // so watch out for that case.

                    if (!value) {
                        return "null";
                    }

        // Make an array to hold the partial results of stringifying this object value.

                    gap += indent;
                    partial = [];

        // Is the value an array?

                    if (Object.prototype.toString.apply(value) === "[object Array]") {

        // The value is an array. Stringify every element. Use null as a placeholder
        // for non-JSON values.

                        length = value.length;
                        for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
                            partial[i] = str(i, value) || "null";
                        }

        // Join all of the elements together, separated with commas, and wrap them in
        // brackets.

                        v = partial.length === 0
                            ? "[]"
                            : gap
                                ? "[\n" + gap + partial.join(",\n" + gap) + "\n" + mind + "]"
                                : "[" + partial.join(",") + "]";
                        gap = mind;
                        return v;
                    }

        // If the replacer is an array, use it to select the members to be stringified.

                    if (rep && typeof rep === "object") {
                        length = rep.length;
                        for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
                            if (typeof rep[i] === "string") {
                                k = rep[i];
                                v = str(k, value);
                                if (v) {
                                    partial.push(quote(k) + (
                                        gap
                                            ? ": "
                                            : ":"
                                    ) + v);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    } else {

        // Otherwise, iterate through all of the keys in the object.

                        for (k in value) {
                            if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
                                v = str(k, value);
                                if (v) {
                                    partial.push(quote(k) + (
                                        gap
                                            ? ": "
                                            : ":"
                                    ) + v);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }

        // Join all of the member texts together, separated with commas,
        // and wrap them in braces.

                    v = partial.length === 0
                        ? "{}"
                        : gap
                            ? "{\n" + gap + partial.join(",\n" + gap) + "\n" + mind + "}"
                            : "{" + partial.join(",") + "}";
                    gap = mind;
                    return v;
                }
            }

        // If the JSON object does not yet have a stringify method, give it one.

            if (typeof JSON.stringify !== "function") {
                meta = {    // table of character substitutions
                    "\b": "\\b",
                    "\t": "\\t",
                    "\n": "\\n",
                    "\f": "\\f",
                    "\r": "\\r",
                    "\"": "\\\"",
                    "\\": "\\\\"
                };
                JSON.stringify = function (value, replacer, space) {

        // The stringify method takes a value and an optional replacer, and an optional
        // space parameter, and returns a JSON text. The replacer can be a function
        // that can replace values, or an array of strings that will select the keys.
        // A default replacer method can be provided. Use of the space parameter can
        // produce text that is more easily readable.

                    var i;
                    gap = "";
                    indent = "";

        // If the space parameter is a number, make an indent string containing that
        // many spaces.

                    if (typeof space === "number") {
                        for (i = 0; i < space; i += 1) {
                            indent += " ";
                        }

        // If the space parameter is a string, it will be used as the indent string.

                    } else if (typeof space === "string") {
                        indent = space;
                    }

        // If there is a replacer, it must be a function or an array.
        // Otherwise, throw an error.

                    rep = replacer;
                    if (replacer && typeof replacer !== "function" &&
                            (typeof replacer !== "object" ||
                            typeof replacer.length !== "number")) {
                        throw new Error("JSON.stringify");
                    }

        // Make a fake root object containing our value under the key of "".
        // Return the result of stringifying the value.

                    return str("", {"": value});
                };
            }


        // If the JSON object does not yet have a parse method, give it one.

            if (typeof JSON.parse !== "function") {
                JSON.parse = function (text, reviver) {

        // The parse method takes a text and an optional reviver function, and returns
        // a JavaScript value if the text is a valid JSON text.

                    var j;

                    function walk(holder, key) {

        // The walk method is used to recursively walk the resulting structure so
        // that modifications can be made.

                        var k;
                        var v;
                        var value = holder[key];
                        if (value && typeof value === "object") {
                            for (k in value) {
                                if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
                                    v = walk(value, k);
                                    if (v !== undefined) {
                                        value[k] = v;
                                    } else {
                                        delete value[k];
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        return reviver.call(holder, key, value);
                    }


        // Parsing happens in four stages. In the first stage, we replace certain
        // Unicode characters with escape sequences. JavaScript handles many characters
        // incorrectly, either silently deleting them, or treating them as line endings.

                    text = String(text);
                    rx_dangerous.lastIndex = 0;
                    if (rx_dangerous.test(text)) {
                        text = text.replace(rx_dangerous, function (a) {
                            return "\\u" +
                                    ("0000" + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
                        });
                    }

        // In the second stage, we run the text against regular expressions that look
        // for non-JSON patterns. We are especially concerned with "()" and "new"
        // because they can cause invocation, and "=" because it can cause mutation.
        // But just to be safe, we want to reject all unexpected forms.

        // We split the second stage into 4 regexp operations in order to work around
        // crippling inefficiencies in IE's and Safari's regexp engines. First we
        // replace the JSON backslash pairs with "@" (a non-JSON character). Second, we
        // replace all simple value tokens with "]" characters. Third, we delete all
        // open brackets that follow a colon or comma or that begin the text. Finally,
        // we look to see that the remaining characters are only whitespace or "]" or
        // "," or ":" or "{" or "}". If that is so, then the text is safe for eval.

                    if (
                        rx_one.test(
                            text
                                .replace(rx_two, "@")
                                .replace(rx_three, "]")
                                .replace(rx_four, "")
                        )
                    ) {

        // In the third stage we use the eval function to compile the text into a
        // JavaScript structure. The "{" operator is subject to a syntactic ambiguity
        // in JavaScript: it can begin a block or an object literal. We wrap the text
        // in parens to eliminate the ambiguity.

                        j = eval("(" + text + ")");

        // In the optional fourth stage, we recursively walk the new structure, passing
        // each name/value pair to a reviver function for possible transformation.

                        return (typeof reviver === "function")
                            ? walk({"": j}, "")
                            : j;
                    }

        // If the text is not JSON parseable, then a SyntaxError is thrown.

                    throw new SyntaxError("JSON.parse");
                };
            }
        }());

        var json2 = json2Plugin;

        function json2Plugin() {
                
                return {}
        }

        var plugins = [json2];

        var store_legacy = storeEngine.createStore(all, plugins);

        // # osm-auth
        //
        // This code is only compatible with IE10+ because the [XDomainRequest](http://bit.ly/LfO7xo)
        // object, IE<10's idea of [CORS](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-origin_resource_sharing),
        // does not support custom headers, which this uses everywhere.
        var osmAuth = function(o) {

            var oauth = {};

            // authenticated users will also have a request token secret, but it's
            // not used in transactions with the server
            oauth.authenticated = function() {
                return !!(token('oauth_token') && token('oauth_token_secret'));
            };

            oauth.logout = function() {
                token('oauth_token', '');
                token('oauth_token_secret', '');
                token('oauth_request_token_secret', '');
                return oauth;
            };

            // TODO: detect lack of click event
            oauth.authenticate = function(callback) {
                if (oauth.authenticated()) { return callback(); }

                oauth.logout();

                // ## Getting a request token
                var params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
                    url = o.url + '/oauth/request_token';

                params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(
                    o.oauth_secret, '',
                    ohauth_1.baseString('POST', url, params));

                if (!o.singlepage) {
                    // Create a 600x550 popup window in the center of the screen
                    var w = 600, h = 550,
                        settings = [
                            ['width', w], ['height', h],
                            ['left', screen.width / 2 - w / 2],
                            ['top', screen.height / 2 - h / 2]].map(function(x) {
                                return x.join('=');
                            }).join(','),
                        popup = window.open('about:blank', 'oauth_window', settings);

                    oauth.popupWindow = popup;

                    if (!popup) {
                        var error = new Error('Popup was blocked');
                        error.status = 'popup-blocked';
                        throw error;
                    }
                }

                // Request a request token. When this is complete, the popup
                // window is redirected to OSM's authorization page.
                ohauth_1.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, reqTokenDone);
                o.loading();

                function reqTokenDone(err, xhr) {
                    o.done();
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }
                    var resp = ohauth_1.stringQs(xhr.response);
                    token('oauth_request_token_secret', resp.oauth_token_secret);
                    var authorize_url = o.url + '/oauth/authorize?' + ohauth_1.qsString({
                        oauth_token: resp.oauth_token,
                        oauth_callback: resolveUrl$1(o.landing)
                    });

                    if (o.singlepage) {
                        location.href = authorize_url;
                    } else {
                        popup.location = authorize_url;
                    }
                }

                // Called by a function in a landing page, in the popup window. The
                // window closes itself.
                window.authComplete = function(token) {
                    var oauth_token = ohauth_1.stringQs(token.split('?')[1]);
                    get_access_token(oauth_token.oauth_token);
                    delete window.authComplete;
                };

                // ## Getting an request token
                //
                // At this point we have an `oauth_token`, brought in from a function
                // call on a landing page popup.
                function get_access_token(oauth_token) {
                    var url = o.url + '/oauth/access_token',
                        params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
                        request_token_secret = token('oauth_request_token_secret');
                    params.oauth_token = oauth_token;
                    params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(
                        o.oauth_secret,
                        request_token_secret,
                        ohauth_1.baseString('POST', url, params));

                    // ## Getting an access token
                    //
                    // The final token required for authentication. At this point
                    // we have a `request token secret`
                    ohauth_1.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, accessTokenDone);
                    o.loading();
                }

                function accessTokenDone(err, xhr) {
                    o.done();
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }
                    var access_token = ohauth_1.stringQs(xhr.response);
                    token('oauth_token', access_token.oauth_token);
                    token('oauth_token_secret', access_token.oauth_token_secret);
                    callback(null, oauth);
                }
            };

            oauth.bringPopupWindowToFront = function() {
                var brougtPopupToFront = false;
                try {
                    // This may cause a cross-origin error:
                    // `DOMException: Blocked a frame with origin "..." from accessing a cross-origin frame.`
                    if (oauth.popupWindow && !oauth.popupWindow.closed) {
                        oauth.popupWindow.focus();
                        brougtPopupToFront = true;
                    }
                } catch (err) {
                    // Bringing popup window to front failed (probably because of the cross-origin error mentioned above)
                }
                return brougtPopupToFront;
            };

            oauth.bootstrapToken = function(oauth_token, callback) {
                // ## Getting an request token
                // At this point we have an `oauth_token`, brought in from a function
                // call on a landing page popup.
                function get_access_token(oauth_token) {
                    var url = o.url + '/oauth/access_token',
                        params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
                        request_token_secret = token('oauth_request_token_secret');
                    params.oauth_token = oauth_token;
                    params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(
                        o.oauth_secret,
                        request_token_secret,
                        ohauth_1.baseString('POST', url, params));

                    // ## Getting an access token
                    // The final token required for authentication. At this point
                    // we have a `request token secret`
                    ohauth_1.xhr('POST', url, params, null, {}, accessTokenDone);
                    o.loading();
                }

                function accessTokenDone(err, xhr) {
                    o.done();
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }
                    var access_token = ohauth_1.stringQs(xhr.response);
                    token('oauth_token', access_token.oauth_token);
                    token('oauth_token_secret', access_token.oauth_token_secret);
                    callback(null, oauth);
                }

                get_access_token(oauth_token);
            };

            // # xhr
            //
            // A single XMLHttpRequest wrapper that does authenticated calls if the
            // user has logged in.
            oauth.xhr = function(options, callback) {
                if (!oauth.authenticated()) {
                    if (o.auto) {
                        return oauth.authenticate(run);
                    } else {
                        callback('not authenticated', null);
                        return;
                    }
                } else {
                    return run();
                }

                function run() {
                    var params = timenonce(getAuth(o)),
                        oauth_token_secret = token('oauth_token_secret'),
                        url = (options.prefix !== false) ? o.url + options.path : options.path,
                        url_parts = url.replace(/#.*$/, '').split('?', 2),
                        base_url = url_parts[0],
                        query = (url_parts.length === 2) ? url_parts[1] : '';

                    // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5849#section-3.4.1.3.1
                    if ((!options.options || !options.options.header ||
                        options.options.header['Content-Type'] === 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded') &&
                        options.content) {
                        params = immutable(params, ohauth_1.stringQs(options.content));
                    }

                    params.oauth_token = token('oauth_token');
                    params.oauth_signature = ohauth_1.signature(
                        o.oauth_secret,
                        oauth_token_secret,
                        ohauth_1.baseString(options.method, base_url, immutable(params, ohauth_1.stringQs(query)))
                    );

                    return ohauth_1.xhr(options.method, url, params, options.content, options.options, done);
                }

                function done(err, xhr) {
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }
                    else if (xhr.responseXML) { return callback(err, xhr.responseXML); }
                    else { return callback(err, xhr.response); }
                }
            };

            // pre-authorize this object, if we can just get a token and token_secret
            // from the start
            oauth.preauth = function(c) {
                if (!c) { return; }
                if (c.oauth_token) { token('oauth_token', c.oauth_token); }
                if (c.oauth_token_secret) { token('oauth_token_secret', c.oauth_token_secret); }
                return oauth;
            };

            oauth.options = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return o; }

                o = _;
                o.url = o.url || 'https://www.openstreetmap.org';
                o.landing = o.landing || 'land.html';
                o.singlepage = o.singlepage || false;

                // Optional loading and loading-done functions for nice UI feedback.
                // by default, no-ops
                o.loading = o.loading || function() {};
                o.done = o.done || function() {};

                return oauth.preauth(o);
            };

            // 'stamp' an authentication object from `getAuth()`
            // with a [nonce](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce)
            // and timestamp
            function timenonce(o) {
                o.oauth_timestamp = ohauth_1.timestamp();
                o.oauth_nonce = ohauth_1.nonce();
                return o;
            }

            // get/set tokens. These are prefixed with the base URL so that `osm-auth`
            // can be used with multiple APIs and the keys in `localStorage`
            // will not clash
            var token;

            if (store_legacy.enabled) {
                token = function (x, y) {
                    if (arguments.length === 1) { return store_legacy.get(o.url + x); }
                    else if (arguments.length === 2) { return store_legacy.set(o.url + x, y); }
                };
            } else {
                var storage = {};
                token = function (x, y) {
                    if (arguments.length === 1) { return storage[o.url + x]; }
                    else if (arguments.length === 2) { return storage[o.url + x] = y; }
                };
            }

            // Get an authentication object. If you just add and remove properties
            // from a single object, you'll need to use `delete` to make sure that
            // it doesn't contain undesired properties for authentication
            function getAuth(o) {
                return {
                    oauth_consumer_key: o.oauth_consumer_key,
                    oauth_signature_method: 'HMAC-SHA1'
                };
            }

            // potentially pre-authorize
            oauth.options(o);

            return oauth;
        };

        var JXON = new (function () {
          var
            sValueProp = 'keyValue', sAttributesProp = 'keyAttributes', sAttrPref = '@', /* you can customize these values */
            aCache = [], rIsNull = /^\s*$/, rIsBool = /^(?:true|false)$/i;

          function parseText (sValue) {
            if (rIsNull.test(sValue)) { return null; }
            if (rIsBool.test(sValue)) { return sValue.toLowerCase() === 'true'; }
            if (isFinite(sValue)) { return parseFloat(sValue); }
            if (isFinite(Date.parse(sValue))) { return new Date(sValue); }
            return sValue;
          }

          function EmptyTree () { }
          EmptyTree.prototype.toString = function () { return 'null'; };
          EmptyTree.prototype.valueOf = function () { return null; };

          function objectify (vValue) {
            return vValue === null ? new EmptyTree() : vValue instanceof Object ? vValue : new vValue.constructor(vValue);
          }

          function createObjTree (oParentNode, nVerb, bFreeze, bNesteAttr) {
            var
              nLevelStart = aCache.length, bChildren = oParentNode.hasChildNodes(),
              bAttributes = oParentNode.hasAttributes(), bHighVerb = Boolean(nVerb & 2);

            var
              sProp, vContent, nLength = 0, sCollectedTxt = '',
              vResult = bHighVerb ? {} : /* put here the default value for empty nodes: */ true;

            if (bChildren) {
              for (var oNode, nItem = 0; nItem < oParentNode.childNodes.length; nItem++) {
                oNode = oParentNode.childNodes.item(nItem);
                if (oNode.nodeType === 4) { sCollectedTxt += oNode.nodeValue; } /* nodeType is 'CDATASection' (4) */
                else if (oNode.nodeType === 3) { sCollectedTxt += oNode.nodeValue.trim(); } /* nodeType is 'Text' (3) */
                else if (oNode.nodeType === 1 && !oNode.prefix) { aCache.push(oNode); } /* nodeType is 'Element' (1) */
              }
            }

            var nLevelEnd = aCache.length, vBuiltVal = parseText(sCollectedTxt);

            if (!bHighVerb && (bChildren || bAttributes)) { vResult = nVerb === 0 ? objectify(vBuiltVal) : {}; }

            for (var nElId = nLevelStart; nElId < nLevelEnd; nElId++) {
              sProp = aCache[nElId].nodeName.toLowerCase();
              vContent = createObjTree(aCache[nElId], nVerb, bFreeze, bNesteAttr);
              if (vResult.hasOwnProperty(sProp)) {
                if (vResult[sProp].constructor !== Array) { vResult[sProp] = [vResult[sProp]]; }
                vResult[sProp].push(vContent);
              } else {
                vResult[sProp] = vContent;
                nLength++;
              }
            }

            if (bAttributes) {
              var
                nAttrLen = oParentNode.attributes.length,
                sAPrefix = bNesteAttr ? '' : sAttrPref, oAttrParent = bNesteAttr ? {} : vResult;

              for (var oAttrib, nAttrib = 0; nAttrib < nAttrLen; nLength++, nAttrib++) {
                oAttrib = oParentNode.attributes.item(nAttrib);
                oAttrParent[sAPrefix + oAttrib.name.toLowerCase()] = parseText(oAttrib.value.trim());
              }

              if (bNesteAttr) {
                if (bFreeze) { Object.freeze(oAttrParent); }
                vResult[sAttributesProp] = oAttrParent;
                nLength -= nAttrLen - 1;
              }
            }

            if (nVerb === 3 || (nVerb === 2 || nVerb === 1 && nLength > 0) && sCollectedTxt) {
              vResult[sValueProp] = vBuiltVal;
            } else if (!bHighVerb && nLength === 0 && sCollectedTxt) {
              vResult = vBuiltVal;
            }

            if (bFreeze && (bHighVerb || nLength > 0)) { Object.freeze(vResult); }

            aCache.length = nLevelStart;

            return vResult;
          }

          function loadObjTree (oXMLDoc, oParentEl, oParentObj) {
            var vValue, oChild;

            if (oParentObj instanceof String || oParentObj instanceof Number || oParentObj instanceof Boolean) {
              oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(oParentObj.toString())); /* verbosity level is 0 */
            } else if (oParentObj.constructor === Date) {
              oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(oParentObj.toGMTString()));    
            }

            for (var sName in oParentObj) {
              vValue = oParentObj[sName];
              if (isFinite(sName) || vValue instanceof Function) { continue; } /* verbosity level is 0 */
              if (sName === sValueProp) {
                if (vValue !== null && vValue !== true) { oParentEl.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(vValue.constructor === Date ? vValue.toGMTString() : String(vValue))); }
              } else if (sName === sAttributesProp) { /* verbosity level is 3 */
                for (var sAttrib in vValue) { oParentEl.setAttribute(sAttrib, vValue[sAttrib]); }
              } else if (sName.charAt(0) === sAttrPref) {
                oParentEl.setAttribute(sName.slice(1), vValue);
              } else if (vValue.constructor === Array) {
                for (var nItem = 0; nItem < vValue.length; nItem++) {
                  oChild = oXMLDoc.createElement(sName);
                  loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oChild, vValue[nItem]);
                  oParentEl.appendChild(oChild);
                }
              } else {
                oChild = oXMLDoc.createElement(sName);
                if (vValue instanceof Object) {
                  loadObjTree(oXMLDoc, oChild, vValue);
                } else if (vValue !== null && vValue !== true) {
                  oChild.appendChild(oXMLDoc.createTextNode(vValue.toString()));
                }
                oParentEl.appendChild(oChild);
             }
           }
          }

          this.build = function (oXMLParent, nVerbosity /* optional */, bFreeze /* optional */, bNesteAttributes /* optional */) {
            var _nVerb = arguments.length > 1 && typeof nVerbosity === 'number' ? nVerbosity & 3 : /* put here the default verbosity level: */ 1;
            return createObjTree(oXMLParent, _nVerb, bFreeze || false, arguments.length > 3 ? bNesteAttributes : _nVerb === 3);    
          };

          this.unbuild = function (oObjTree) {    
            var oNewDoc = document.implementation.createDocument('', '', null);
            loadObjTree(oNewDoc, oNewDoc, oObjTree);
            return oNewDoc;
          };

          this.stringify = function (oObjTree) {
            return (new XMLSerializer()).serializeToString(JXON.unbuild(oObjTree));
          };
        })();

        // var myObject = JXON.build(doc);
        // we got our javascript object! try: alert(JSON.stringify(myObject));

        // var newDoc = JXON.unbuild(myObject);
        // we got our Document instance! try: alert((new XMLSerializer()).serializeToString(newDoc));

        var tiler$5 = utilTiler();
        var dispatch$6 = dispatch('apiStatusChange', 'authLoading', 'authDone', 'change', 'loading', 'loaded', 'loadedNotes');
        var urlroot = 'https://www.openstreetmap.org';
        var oauth = osmAuth({
            url: urlroot,
            oauth_consumer_key: '5A043yRSEugj4DJ5TljuapfnrflWDte8jTOcWLlT',
            oauth_secret: 'aB3jKq1TRsCOUrfOIZ6oQMEDmv2ptV76PA54NGLL',
            loading: authLoading,
            done: authDone
        });
        // hardcode default block of Google Maps
        var _imageryBlocklists = [/.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/];
        var _tileCache = { toLoad: {}, loaded: {}, inflight: {}, seen: {}, rtree: new RBush() };
        var _noteCache = { toLoad: {}, loaded: {}, inflight: {}, inflightPost: {}, note: {}, closed: {}, rtree: new RBush() };
        var _userCache = { toLoad: {}, user: {} };
        var _cachedApiStatus;
        var _changeset = {};

        var _deferred = new Set();
        var _connectionID = 1;
        var _tileZoom$3 = 16;
        var _noteZoom = 12;
        var _rateLimitError;
        var _userChangesets;
        var _userDetails;
        var _off;

        // set a default but also load this from the API status
        var _maxWayNodes = 2000;


        function authLoading() {
            dispatch$6.call('authLoading');
        }


        function authDone() {
            dispatch$6.call('authDone');
        }


        function abortRequest$5(controllerOrXHR) {
            if (controllerOrXHR) {
                controllerOrXHR.abort();
            }
        }


        function hasInflightRequests(cache) {
            return Object.keys(cache.inflight).length;
        }


        function abortUnwantedRequests$3(cache, visibleTiles) {
            Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function(k) {
                if (cache.toLoad[k]) { return; }
                if (visibleTiles.find(function(tile) { return k === tile.id; })) { return; }

                abortRequest$5(cache.inflight[k]);
                delete cache.inflight[k];
            });
        }


        function getLoc(attrs) {
            var lon = attrs.lon && attrs.lon.value;
            var lat = attrs.lat && attrs.lat.value;
            return [parseFloat(lon), parseFloat(lat)];
        }


        function getNodes(obj) {
            var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('nd');
            var nodes = new Array(elems.length);
            for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
                nodes[i] = 'n' + elems[i].attributes.ref.value;
            }
            return nodes;
        }

        function getNodesJSON(obj) {
            var elems = obj.nodes;
            var nodes = new Array(elems.length);
            for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
                nodes[i] = 'n' + elems[i];
            }
            return nodes;
        }

        function getTags(obj) {
            var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('tag');
            var tags = {};
            for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
                var attrs = elems[i].attributes;
                tags[attrs.k.value] = attrs.v.value;
            }

            return tags;
        }


        function getMembers(obj) {
            var elems = obj.getElementsByTagName('member');
            var members = new Array(elems.length);
            for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
                var attrs = elems[i].attributes;
                members[i] = {
                    id: attrs.type.value[0] + attrs.ref.value,
                    type: attrs.type.value,
                    role: attrs.role.value
                };
            }
            return members;
        }

        function getMembersJSON(obj) {
            var elems = obj.members;
            var members = new Array(elems.length);
            for (var i = 0, l = elems.length; i < l; i++) {
                var attrs = elems[i];
                members[i] = {
                    id: attrs.type[0] + attrs.ref,
                    type: attrs.type,
                    role: attrs.role
                };
            }
            return members;
        }

        function getVisible(attrs) {
            return (!attrs.visible || attrs.visible.value !== 'false');
        }


        function parseComments(comments) {
            var parsedComments = [];

            // for each comment
            for (var i = 0; i < comments.length; i++) {
                var comment = comments[i];
                if (comment.nodeName === 'comment') {
                    var childNodes = comment.childNodes;
                    var parsedComment = {};

                    for (var j = 0; j < childNodes.length; j++) {
                        var node = childNodes[j];
                        var nodeName = node.nodeName;
                        if (nodeName === '#text') { continue; }
                        parsedComment[nodeName] = node.textContent;

                        if (nodeName === 'uid') {
                            var uid = node.textContent;
                            if (uid && !_userCache.user[uid]) {
                                _userCache.toLoad[uid] = true;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    if (parsedComment) {
                        parsedComments.push(parsedComment);
                    }
                }
            }
            return parsedComments;
        }


        function encodeNoteRtree(note) {
            return {
                minX: note.loc[0],
                minY: note.loc[1],
                maxX: note.loc[0],
                maxY: note.loc[1],
                data: note
            };
        }


        var jsonparsers = {

            node: function nodeData(obj, uid) {
                return new osmNode({
                    id:  uid,
                    visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
                    version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
                    changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
                    timestamp: obj.timestamp,
                    user: obj.user,
                    uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
                    loc: [parseFloat(obj.lon), parseFloat(obj.lat)],
                    tags: obj.tags
                });
            },

            way: function wayData(obj, uid) {
                return new osmWay({
                    id:  uid,
                    visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
                    version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
                    changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
                    timestamp: obj.timestamp,
                    user: obj.user,
                    uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
                    tags: obj.tags,
                    nodes: getNodesJSON(obj)
                });
            },

            relation: function relationData(obj, uid) {
                return new osmRelation({
                    id:  uid,
                    visible: typeof obj.visible === 'boolean' ? obj.visible : true,
                    version: obj.version && obj.version.toString(),
                    changeset: obj.changeset && obj.changeset.toString(),
                    timestamp: obj.timestamp,
                    user: obj.user,
                    uid: obj.uid && obj.uid.toString(),
                    tags: obj.tags,
                    members: getMembersJSON(obj)
                });
            }
        };

        function parseJSON(payload, callback, options) {
            options = Object.assign({ skipSeen: true }, options);
            if (!payload)  {
                return callback({ message: 'No JSON', status: -1 });
            }

            var json = payload;
            if (typeof json !== 'object')
               { json = JSON.parse(payload); }

            if (!json.elements)
                { return callback({ message: 'No JSON', status: -1 }); }

            var children = json.elements;

            var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
                var results = [];
                var result;
                for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
                    result = parseChild(children[i]);
                    if (result) { results.push(result); }
                }
                callback(null, results);
            });

            _deferred.add(handle);

            function parseChild(child) {
                var parser = jsonparsers[child.type];
                if (!parser) { return null; }

                var uid;

                uid = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(child.type, child.id);
                if (options.skipSeen) {
                    if (_tileCache.seen[uid]) { return null; }  // avoid reparsing a "seen" entity
                    _tileCache.seen[uid] = true;
                }

                return parser(child, uid);
            }
        }

        var parsers = {
            node: function nodeData(obj, uid) {
                var attrs = obj.attributes;
                return new osmNode({
                    id: uid,
                    visible: getVisible(attrs),
                    version: attrs.version.value,
                    changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
                    timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
                    user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
                    uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
                    loc: getLoc(attrs),
                    tags: getTags(obj)
                });
            },

            way: function wayData(obj, uid) {
                var attrs = obj.attributes;
                return new osmWay({
                    id: uid,
                    visible: getVisible(attrs),
                    version: attrs.version.value,
                    changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
                    timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
                    user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
                    uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
                    tags: getTags(obj),
                    nodes: getNodes(obj),
                });
            },

            relation: function relationData(obj, uid) {
                var attrs = obj.attributes;
                return new osmRelation({
                    id: uid,
                    visible: getVisible(attrs),
                    version: attrs.version.value,
                    changeset: attrs.changeset && attrs.changeset.value,
                    timestamp: attrs.timestamp && attrs.timestamp.value,
                    user: attrs.user && attrs.user.value,
                    uid: attrs.uid && attrs.uid.value,
                    tags: getTags(obj),
                    members: getMembers(obj)
                });
            },

            note: function parseNote(obj, uid) {
                var attrs = obj.attributes;
                var childNodes = obj.childNodes;
                var props = {};

                props.id = uid;
                props.loc = getLoc(attrs);

                // if notes are coincident, move them apart slightly
                var coincident = false;
                var epsilon = 0.00001;
                do {
                    if (coincident) {
                        props.loc = geoVecAdd(props.loc, [epsilon, epsilon]);
                    }
                    var bbox = geoExtent(props.loc).bbox();
                    coincident = _noteCache.rtree.search(bbox).length;
                } while (coincident);

                // parse note contents
                for (var i = 0; i < childNodes.length; i++) {
                    var node = childNodes[i];
                    var nodeName = node.nodeName;
                    if (nodeName === '#text') { continue; }

                    // if the element is comments, parse the comments
                    if (nodeName === 'comments') {
                        props[nodeName] = parseComments(node.childNodes);
                    } else {
                        props[nodeName] = node.textContent;
                    }
                }

                var note = new osmNote(props);
                var item = encodeNoteRtree(note);
                _noteCache.note[note.id] = note;
                _noteCache.rtree.insert(item);

                return note;
            },

            user: function parseUser(obj, uid) {
                var attrs = obj.attributes;
                var user = {
                    id: uid,
                    display_name: attrs.display_name && attrs.display_name.value,
                    account_created: attrs.account_created && attrs.account_created.value,
                    changesets_count: '0',
                    active_blocks: '0'
                };

                var img = obj.getElementsByTagName('img');
                if (img && img[0] && img[0].getAttribute('href')) {
                    user.image_url = img[0].getAttribute('href');
                }

                var changesets = obj.getElementsByTagName('changesets');
                if (changesets && changesets[0] && changesets[0].getAttribute('count')) {
                    user.changesets_count = changesets[0].getAttribute('count');
                }

                var blocks = obj.getElementsByTagName('blocks');
                if (blocks && blocks[0]) {
                    var received = blocks[0].getElementsByTagName('received');
                    if (received && received[0] && received[0].getAttribute('active')) {
                        user.active_blocks = received[0].getAttribute('active');
                    }
                }

                _userCache.user[uid] = user;
                delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
                return user;
            }
        };


        function parseXML(xml, callback, options) {
            options = Object.assign({ skipSeen: true }, options);
            if (!xml || !xml.childNodes) {
                return callback({ message: 'No XML', status: -1 });
            }

            var root = xml.childNodes[0];
            var children = root.childNodes;

            var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
                var results = [];
                var result;
                for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
                    result = parseChild(children[i]);
                    if (result) { results.push(result); }
                }
                callback(null, results);
            });

            _deferred.add(handle);


            function parseChild(child) {
                var parser = parsers[child.nodeName];
                if (!parser) { return null; }

                var uid;
                if (child.nodeName === 'user') {
                    uid = child.attributes.id.value;
                    if (options.skipSeen && _userCache.user[uid]) {
                        delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
                        return null;
                    }

                } else if (child.nodeName === 'note') {
                    uid = child.getElementsByTagName('id')[0].textContent;

                } else {
                    uid = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(child.nodeName, child.attributes.id.value);
                    if (options.skipSeen) {
                        if (_tileCache.seen[uid]) { return null; }  // avoid reparsing a "seen" entity
                        _tileCache.seen[uid] = true;
                    }
                }

                return parser(child, uid);
            }
        }


        // replace or remove note from rtree
        function updateRtree$3(item, replace) {
            _noteCache.rtree.remove(item, function isEql(a, b) { return a.data.id === b.data.id; });

            if (replace) {
                _noteCache.rtree.insert(item);
            }
        }


        function wrapcb(thisArg, callback, cid) {
            return function(err, result) {
                if (err) {
                    // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden..
                    if (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403) {
                        thisArg.logout();
                    }
                    return callback.call(thisArg, err);

                } else if (thisArg.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
                    return callback.call(thisArg, { message: 'Connection Switched', status: -1 });

                } else {
                    return callback.call(thisArg, err, result);
                }
            };
        }


        var serviceOsm = {

            init: function() {
                utilRebind(this, dispatch$6, 'on');
            },


            reset: function() {
                Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function(handle) {
                    window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
                    _deferred.delete(handle);
                });

                _connectionID++;
                _userChangesets = undefined;
                _userDetails = undefined;
                _rateLimitError = undefined;

                Object.values(_tileCache.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$5);
                Object.values(_noteCache.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$5);
                Object.values(_noteCache.inflightPost).forEach(abortRequest$5);
                if (_changeset.inflight) { abortRequest$5(_changeset.inflight); }

                _tileCache = { toLoad: {}, loaded: {}, inflight: {}, seen: {}, rtree: new RBush() };
                _noteCache = { toLoad: {}, loaded: {}, inflight: {}, inflightPost: {}, note: {}, closed: {}, rtree: new RBush() };
                _userCache = { toLoad: {}, user: {} };
                _cachedApiStatus = undefined;
                _changeset = {};

                return this;
            },


            getConnectionId: function() {
                return _connectionID;
            },


            changesetURL: function(changesetID) {
                return urlroot + '/changeset/' + changesetID;
            },


            changesetsURL: function(center, zoom) {
                var precision = Math.max(0, Math.ceil(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN2));
                return urlroot + '/history#map=' +
                    Math.floor(zoom) + '/' +
                    center[1].toFixed(precision) + '/' +
                    center[0].toFixed(precision);
            },


            entityURL: function(entity) {
                return urlroot + '/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId();
            },


            historyURL: function(entity) {
                return urlroot + '/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId() + '/history';
            },


            userURL: function(username) {
                return urlroot + '/user/' + username;
            },


            noteURL: function(note) {
                return urlroot + '/note/' + note.id;
            },


            noteReportURL: function(note) {
                return urlroot + '/reports/new?reportable_type=Note&reportable_id=' + note.id;
            },


            // Generic method to load data from the OSM API
            // Can handle either auth or unauth calls.
            loadFromAPI: function(path, callback, options) {
                options = Object.assign({ skipSeen: true }, options);
                var that = this;
                var cid = _connectionID;

                function done(err, payload) {
                    if (that.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
                        if (callback) { callback({ message: 'Connection Switched', status: -1 }); }
                        return;
                    }

                    var isAuthenticated = that.authenticated();

                    // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden
                    // Logout and retry the request..
                    if (isAuthenticated && err && err.status &&
                            (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403)) {
                        that.logout();
                        that.loadFromAPI(path, callback, options);

                    // else, no retry..
                    } else {
                        // 509 Bandwidth Limit Exceeded, 429 Too Many Requests
                        // Set the rateLimitError flag and trigger a warning..
                        if (!isAuthenticated && !_rateLimitError && err && err.status &&
                                (err.status === 509 || err.status === 429)) {
                            _rateLimitError = err;
                            dispatch$6.call('change');
                            that.reloadApiStatus();

                        } else if ((err && _cachedApiStatus === 'online') ||
                            (!err && _cachedApiStatus !== 'online')) {
                            // If the response's error state doesn't match the status,
                            // it's likely we lost or gained the connection so reload the status
                            that.reloadApiStatus();
                        }

                        if (callback) {
                            if (err) {
                                return callback(err);
                            } else {
                                if (path.indexOf('.json') !== -1) {
                                    return parseJSON(payload, callback, options);
                                } else {
                                    return parseXML(payload, callback, options);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (this.authenticated()) {
                    return oauth.xhr({ method: 'GET', path: path }, done);
                } else {
                    var url = urlroot + path;
                    var controller = new AbortController();
                    d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
                        .then(function(data) {
                            done(null, data);
                        })
                        .catch(function(err) {
                            if (err.name === 'AbortError') { return; }
                            // d3-fetch includes status in the error message,
                            // but we can't access the response itself
                            // https://github.com/d3/d3-fetch/issues/27
                            var match = err.message.match(/^\d{3}/);
                            if (match) {
                                done({ status: +match[0], statusText: err.message });
                            } else {
                                done(err.message);
                            }
                        });
                    return controller;
                }
            },


            // Load a single entity by id (ways and relations use the `/full` call)
            // GET /api/0.6/node/#id
            // GET /api/0.6/[way|relation]/#id/full
            loadEntity: function(id, callback) {
                var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
                var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
                var options = { skipSeen: false };

                this.loadFromAPI(
                    '/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + (type !== 'node' ? '/full' : '') + '.json',
                    function(err, entities) {
                        if (callback) { callback(err, { data: entities }); }
                    },
                    options
                );
            },


            // Load a single entity with a specific version
            // GET /api/0.6/[node|way|relation]/#id/#version
            loadEntityVersion: function(id, version, callback) {
                var type = osmEntity.id.type(id);
                var osmID = osmEntity.id.toOSM(id);
                var options = { skipSeen: false };

                this.loadFromAPI(
                    '/api/0.6/' + type + '/' + osmID + '/' + version + '.json',
                    function(err, entities) {
                        if (callback) { callback(err, { data: entities }); }
                    },
                    options
                );
            },


            // Load multiple entities in chunks
            // (note: callback may be called multiple times)
            // Unlike `loadEntity`, child nodes and members are not fetched
            // GET /api/0.6/[nodes|ways|relations]?#parameters
            loadMultiple: function(ids, callback) {
                var that = this;
                var groups = utilArrayGroupBy(utilArrayUniq(ids), osmEntity.id.type);

                Object.keys(groups).forEach(function(k) {
                    var type = k + 's';   // nodes, ways, relations
                    var osmIDs = groups[k].map(function(id) { return osmEntity.id.toOSM(id); });
                    var options = { skipSeen: false };

                    utilArrayChunk(osmIDs, 150).forEach(function(arr) {
                        that.loadFromAPI(
                            '/api/0.6/' + type + '.json?' + type + '=' + arr.join(),
                            function(err, entities) {
                                if (callback) { callback(err, { data: entities }); }
                            },
                            options
                        );
                    });
                });
            },


            // Create, upload, and close a changeset
            // PUT /api/0.6/changeset/create
            // POST /api/0.6/changeset/#id/upload
            // PUT /api/0.6/changeset/#id/close
            putChangeset: function(changeset, changes, callback) {
                var cid = _connectionID;

                if (_changeset.inflight) {
                    return callback({ message: 'Changeset already inflight', status: -2 }, changeset);

                } else if (_changeset.open) {   // reuse existing open changeset..
                    return createdChangeset.call(this, null, _changeset.open);

                } else {   // Open a new changeset..
                    var options = {
                        method: 'PUT',
                        path: '/api/0.6/changeset/create',
                        options: { header: { 'Content-Type': 'text/xml' } },
                        content: JXON.stringify(changeset.asJXON())
                    };
                    _changeset.inflight = oauth.xhr(
                        options,
                        wrapcb(this, createdChangeset, cid)
                    );
                }


                function createdChangeset(err, changesetID) {
                    _changeset.inflight = null;
                    if (err) { return callback(err, changeset); }

                    _changeset.open = changesetID;
                    changeset = changeset.update({ id: changesetID });

                    // Upload the changeset..
                    var options = {
                        method: 'POST',
                        path: '/api/0.6/changeset/' + changesetID + '/upload',
                        options: { header: { 'Content-Type': 'text/xml' } },
                        content: JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(changes))
                    };
                    _changeset.inflight = oauth.xhr(
                        options,
                        wrapcb(this, uploadedChangeset, cid)
                    );
                }


                function uploadedChangeset(err) {
                    _changeset.inflight = null;
                    if (err) { return callback(err, changeset); }

                    // Upload was successful, safe to call the callback.
                    // Add delay to allow for postgres replication #1646 #2678
                    window.setTimeout(function() { callback(null, changeset); }, 2500);
                    _changeset.open = null;

                    // At this point, we don't really care if the connection was switched..
                    // Only try to close the changeset if we're still talking to the same server.
                    if (this.getConnectionId() === cid) {
                        // Still attempt to close changeset, but ignore response because #2667
                        oauth.xhr({
                            method: 'PUT',
                            path: '/api/0.6/changeset/' + changeset.id + '/close',
                            options: { header: { 'Content-Type': 'text/xml' } }
                        }, function() { return true; });
                    }
                }
            },


            // Load multiple users in chunks
            // (note: callback may be called multiple times)
            // GET /api/0.6/users?users=#id1,#id2,...,#idn
            loadUsers: function(uids, callback) {
                var toLoad = [];
                var cached = [];

                utilArrayUniq(uids).forEach(function(uid) {
                    if (_userCache.user[uid]) {
                        delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
                        cached.push(_userCache.user[uid]);
                    } else {
                        toLoad.push(uid);
                    }
                });

                if (cached.length || !this.authenticated()) {
                    callback(undefined, cached);
                    if (!this.authenticated()) { return; }  // require auth
                }

                utilArrayChunk(toLoad, 150).forEach(function(arr) {
                    oauth.xhr(
                        { method: 'GET', path: '/api/0.6/users?users=' + arr.join() },
                        wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
                    );
                }.bind(this));

                function done(err, xml) {
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }

                    var options = { skipSeen: true };
                    return parseXML(xml, function(err, results) {
                        if (err) {
                            return callback(err);
                        } else {
                            return callback(undefined, results);
                        }
                    }, options);
                }
            },


            // Load a given user by id
            // GET /api/0.6/user/#id
            loadUser: function(uid, callback) {
                if (_userCache.user[uid] || !this.authenticated()) {   // require auth
                    delete _userCache.toLoad[uid];
                    return callback(undefined, _userCache.user[uid]);
                }

                oauth.xhr(
                    { method: 'GET', path: '/api/0.6/user/' + uid },
                    wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
                );

                function done(err, xml) {
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }

                    var options = { skipSeen: true };
                    return parseXML(xml, function(err, results) {
                        if (err) {
                            return callback(err);
                        } else {
                            return callback(undefined, results[0]);
                        }
                    }, options);
                }
            },


            // Load the details of the logged-in user
            // GET /api/0.6/user/details
            userDetails: function(callback) {
                if (_userDetails) {    // retrieve cached
                    return callback(undefined, _userDetails);
                }

                oauth.xhr(
                    { method: 'GET', path: '/api/0.6/user/details' },
                    wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
                );

                function done(err, xml) {
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }

                    var options = { skipSeen: false };
                    return parseXML(xml, function(err, results) {
                        if (err) {
                            return callback(err);
                        } else {
                            _userDetails = results[0];
                            return callback(undefined, _userDetails);
                        }
                    }, options);
                }
            },


            // Load previous changesets for the logged in user
            // GET /api/0.6/changesets?user=#id
            userChangesets: function(callback) {
                if (_userChangesets) {    // retrieve cached
                    return callback(undefined, _userChangesets);
                }

                this.userDetails(
                    wrapcb(this, gotDetails, _connectionID)
                );


                function gotDetails(err, user) {
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }

                    oauth.xhr(
                        { method: 'GET', path: '/api/0.6/changesets?user=' + user.id },
                        wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
                    );
                }

                function done(err, xml) {
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }

                    _userChangesets = Array.prototype.map.call(
                        xml.getElementsByTagName('changeset'),
                        function (changeset) { return { tags: getTags(changeset) }; }
                    ).filter(function (changeset) {
                        var comment = changeset.tags.comment;
                        return comment && comment !== '';
                    });

                    return callback(undefined, _userChangesets);
                }
            },


            // Fetch the status of the OSM API
            // GET /api/capabilities
            status: function(callback) {
                var url = urlroot + '/api/capabilities';
                var errback = wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID);
                d3_xml(url)
                    .then(function(data) { errback(null, data); })
                    .catch(function(err) { errback(err.message); });

                function done(err, xml) {
                    if (err) {
                        // the status is null if no response could be retrieved
                        return callback(err, null);
                    }

                    // update blocklists
                    var elements = xml.getElementsByTagName('blacklist');
                    var regexes = [];
                    for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
                        var regexString = elements[i].getAttribute('regex');  // needs unencode?
                        if (regexString) {
                            try {
                                var regex = new RegExp(regexString);
                                regexes.push(regex);
                            } catch (e) {
                                /* noop */
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if (regexes.length) {
                        _imageryBlocklists = regexes;
                    }

                    if (_rateLimitError) {
                        return callback(_rateLimitError, 'rateLimited');
                    } else {
                        var waynodes = xml.getElementsByTagName('waynodes');
                        var maxWayNodes = waynodes.length && parseInt(waynodes[0].getAttribute('maximum'), 10);
                        if (maxWayNodes && isFinite(maxWayNodes)) { _maxWayNodes = maxWayNodes; }

                        var apiStatus = xml.getElementsByTagName('status');
                        var val = apiStatus[0].getAttribute('api');
                        return callback(undefined, val);
                    }
                }
            },

            // Calls `status` and dispatches an `apiStatusChange` event if the returned
            // status differs from the cached status.
            reloadApiStatus: function() {
                // throttle to avoid unnecessary API calls
                if (!this.throttledReloadApiStatus) {
                    var that = this;
                    this.throttledReloadApiStatus = throttle(function() {
                        that.status(function(err, status) {
                            if (status !== _cachedApiStatus) {
                                _cachedApiStatus = status;
                                dispatch$6.call('apiStatusChange', that, err, status);
                            }
                        });
                    }, 500);
                }
                this.throttledReloadApiStatus();
            },


            // Returns the maximum number of nodes a single way can have
            maxWayNodes: function() {
                return _maxWayNodes;
            },


            // Load data (entities) from the API in tiles
            // GET /api/0.6/map?bbox=
            loadTiles: function(projection, callback) {
                if (_off) { return; }

                // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
                var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$3, _tileZoom$3]).getTiles(projection);

                // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
                var hadRequests = hasInflightRequests(_tileCache);
                abortUnwantedRequests$3(_tileCache, tiles);
                if (hadRequests && !hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
                    dispatch$6.call('loaded');    // stop the spinner
                }

                // issue new requests..
                tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
                    this.loadTile(tile, callback);
                }, this);
            },


            // Load a single data tile
            // GET /api/0.6/map?bbox=
            loadTile: function(tile, callback) {
                if (_off) { return; }
                if (_tileCache.loaded[tile.id] || _tileCache.inflight[tile.id]) { return; }

                if (!hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
                    dispatch$6.call('loading');   // start the spinner
                }

                var path = '/api/0.6/map.json?bbox=';
                var options = { skipSeen: true };

                _tileCache.inflight[tile.id] = this.loadFromAPI(
                    path + tile.extent.toParam(),
                    tileCallback,
                    options
                );

                function tileCallback(err, parsed) {
                    delete _tileCache.inflight[tile.id];
                    if (!err) {
                        delete _tileCache.toLoad[tile.id];
                        _tileCache.loaded[tile.id] = true;
                        var bbox = tile.extent.bbox();
                        bbox.id = tile.id;
                        _tileCache.rtree.insert(bbox);
                    }
                    if (callback) {
                        callback(err, Object.assign({ data: parsed }, tile));
                    }
                    if (!hasInflightRequests(_tileCache)) {
                        dispatch$6.call('loaded');     // stop the spinner
                    }
                }
            },


            isDataLoaded: function(loc) {
                var bbox = { minX: loc[0], minY: loc[1], maxX: loc[0], maxY: loc[1] };
                return _tileCache.rtree.collides(bbox);
            },


            // load the tile that covers the given `loc`
            loadTileAtLoc: function(loc, callback) {
                // Back off if the toLoad queue is filling up.. re #6417
                // (Currently `loadTileAtLoc` requests are considered low priority - used by operations to
                // let users safely edit geometries which extend to unloaded tiles.  We can drop some.)
                if (Object.keys(_tileCache.toLoad).length > 50) { return; }

                var k = geoZoomToScale(_tileZoom$3 + 1);
                var offset = geoRawMercator().scale(k)(loc);
                var projection = geoRawMercator().transform({ k: k, x: -offset[0], y: -offset[1] });
                var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_tileZoom$3, _tileZoom$3]).getTiles(projection);

                tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
                    if (_tileCache.toLoad[tile.id] || _tileCache.loaded[tile.id] || _tileCache.inflight[tile.id]) { return; }

                    _tileCache.toLoad[tile.id] = true;
                    this.loadTile(tile, callback);
                }, this);
            },


            // Load notes from the API in tiles
            // GET /api/0.6/notes?bbox=
            loadNotes: function(projection, noteOptions) {
                noteOptions = Object.assign({ limit: 10000, closed: 7 }, noteOptions);
                if (_off) { return; }

                var that = this;
                var path = '/api/0.6/notes?limit=' + noteOptions.limit + '&closed=' + noteOptions.closed + '&bbox=';
                var throttleLoadUsers = throttle(function() {
                    var uids = Object.keys(_userCache.toLoad);
                    if (!uids.length) { return; }
                    that.loadUsers(uids, function() {});  // eagerly load user details
                }, 750);

                // determine the needed tiles to cover the view
                var tiles = tiler$5.zoomExtent([_noteZoom, _noteZoom]).getTiles(projection);

                // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
                abortUnwantedRequests$3(_noteCache, tiles);

                // issue new requests..
                tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
                    if (_noteCache.loaded[tile.id] || _noteCache.inflight[tile.id]) { return; }

                    var options = { skipSeen: false };
                    _noteCache.inflight[tile.id] = that.loadFromAPI(
                        path + tile.extent.toParam(),
                        function(err) {
                            delete _noteCache.inflight[tile.id];
                            if (!err) {
                                _noteCache.loaded[tile.id] = true;
                            }
                            throttleLoadUsers();
                            dispatch$6.call('loadedNotes');
                        },
                        options
                    );
                });
            },


            // Create a note
            // POST /api/0.6/notes?params
            postNoteCreate: function(note, callback) {
                if (!this.authenticated()) {
                    return callback({ message: 'Not Authenticated', status: -3 }, note);
                }
                if (_noteCache.inflightPost[note.id]) {
                    return callback({ message: 'Note update already inflight', status: -2 }, note);
                }

                if (!note.loc[0] || !note.loc[1] || !note.newComment) { return; } // location & description required

                var comment = note.newComment;
                if (note.newCategory && note.newCategory !== 'None') { comment += ' #' + note.newCategory; }

                var path = '/api/0.6/notes?' + utilQsString({ lon: note.loc[0], lat: note.loc[1], text: comment });

                _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id] = oauth.xhr(
                    { method: 'POST', path: path },
                    wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
                );


                function done(err, xml) {
                    delete _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id];
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }

                    // we get the updated note back, remove from caches and reparse..
                    this.removeNote(note);

                    var options = { skipSeen: false };
                    return parseXML(xml, function(err, results) {
                        if (err) {
                            return callback(err);
                        } else {
                            return callback(undefined, results[0]);
                        }
                    }, options);
                }
            },


            // Update a note
            // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/comment?text=comment
            // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/close?text=comment
            // POST /api/0.6/notes/#id/reopen?text=comment
            postNoteUpdate: function(note, newStatus, callback) {
                if (!this.authenticated()) {
                    return callback({ message: 'Not Authenticated', status: -3 }, note);
                }
                if (_noteCache.inflightPost[note.id]) {
                    return callback({ message: 'Note update already inflight', status: -2 }, note);
                }

                var action;
                if (note.status !== 'closed' && newStatus === 'closed') {
                    action = 'close';
                } else if (note.status !== 'open' && newStatus === 'open') {
                    action = 'reopen';
                } else {
                    action = 'comment';
                    if (!note.newComment) { return; } // when commenting, comment required
                }

                var path = '/api/0.6/notes/' + note.id + '/' + action;
                if (note.newComment) {
                    path += '?' + utilQsString({ text: note.newComment });
                }

                _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id] = oauth.xhr(
                    { method: 'POST', path: path },
                    wrapcb(this, done, _connectionID)
                );


                function done(err, xml) {
                    delete _noteCache.inflightPost[note.id];
                    if (err) { return callback(err); }

                    // we get the updated note back, remove from caches and reparse..
                    this.removeNote(note);

                    // update closed note cache - used to populate `closed:note` changeset tag
                    if (action === 'close') {
                        _noteCache.closed[note.id] = true;
                    } else if (action === 'reopen') {
                        delete _noteCache.closed[note.id];
                    }

                    var options = { skipSeen: false };
                    return parseXML(xml, function(err, results) {
                        if (err) {
                            return callback(err);
                        } else {
                            return callback(undefined, results[0]);
                        }
                    }, options);
                }
            },


            switch: function(options) {
                urlroot = options.urlroot;

                oauth.options(Object.assign({
                    url: urlroot,
                    loading: authLoading,
                    done: authDone
                }, options));

                this.reset();
                this.userChangesets(function() {});  // eagerly load user details/changesets
                dispatch$6.call('change');
                return this;
            },


            toggle: function(val) {
                _off = !val;
                return this;
            },


            isChangesetInflight: function() {
                return !!_changeset.inflight;
            },


            // get/set cached data
            // This is used to save/restore the state when entering/exiting the walkthrough
            // Also used for testing purposes.
            caches: function(obj) {
                function cloneCache(source) {
                    var target = {};
                    Object.keys(source).forEach(function(k) {
                        if (k === 'rtree') {
                            target.rtree = new RBush().fromJSON(source.rtree.toJSON());  // clone rbush
                        } else if (k === 'note') {
                            target.note = {};
                            Object.keys(source.note).forEach(function(id) {
                                target.note[id] = osmNote(source.note[id]);   // copy notes
                            });
                        } else {
                            target[k] = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(source[k]));   // clone deep
                        }
                    });
                    return target;
                }

                if (!arguments.length) {
                    return {
                        tile: cloneCache(_tileCache),
                        note: cloneCache(_noteCache),
                        user: cloneCache(_userCache)
                    };
                }

                // access caches directly for testing (e.g., loading notes rtree)
                if (obj === 'get') {
                    return {
                        tile: _tileCache,
                        note: _noteCache,
                        user: _userCache
                    };
                }

                if (obj.tile) {
                    _tileCache = obj.tile;
                    _tileCache.inflight = {};
                }
                if (obj.note) {
                    _noteCache = obj.note;
                    _noteCache.inflight = {};
                    _noteCache.inflightPost = {};
                }
                if (obj.user) {
                    _userCache = obj.user;
                }

                return this;
            },


            logout: function() {
                _userChangesets = undefined;
                _userDetails = undefined;
                oauth.logout();
                dispatch$6.call('change');
                return this;
            },


            authenticated: function() {
                return oauth.authenticated();
            },


            authenticate: function(callback) {
                var that = this;
                var cid = _connectionID;
                _userChangesets = undefined;
                _userDetails = undefined;

                function done(err, res) {
                    if (err) {
                        if (callback) { callback(err); }
                        return;
                    }
                    if (that.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
                        if (callback) { callback({ message: 'Connection Switched', status: -1 }); }
                        return;
                    }
                    _rateLimitError = undefined;
                    dispatch$6.call('change');
                    if (callback) { callback(err, res); }
                    that.userChangesets(function() {});  // eagerly load user details/changesets
                }

                return oauth.authenticate(done);
            },


            imageryBlocklists: function() {
                return _imageryBlocklists;
            },


            tileZoom: function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _tileZoom$3; }
                _tileZoom$3 = val;
                return this;
            },


            // get all cached notes covering the viewport
            notes: function(projection) {
                var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
                var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
                var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
                var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();

                return _noteCache.rtree.search(bbox)
                    .map(function(d) { return d.data; });
            },


            // get a single note from the cache
            getNote: function(id) {
                return _noteCache.note[id];
            },


            // remove a single note from the cache
            removeNote: function(note) {
                if (!(note instanceof osmNote) || !note.id) { return; }

                delete _noteCache.note[note.id];
                updateRtree$3(encodeNoteRtree(note), false);  // false = remove
            },


            // replace a single note in the cache
            replaceNote: function(note) {
                if (!(note instanceof osmNote) || !note.id) { return; }

                _noteCache.note[note.id] = note;
                updateRtree$3(encodeNoteRtree(note), true);  // true = replace
                return note;
            },


            // Get an array of note IDs closed during this session.
            // Used to populate `closed:note` changeset tag
            getClosedIDs: function() {
                return Object.keys(_noteCache.closed).sort();
            }

        };

        var apibase$3 = 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/api.php';
        var _inflight$1 = {};
        var _wikibaseCache = {};
        var _localeIDs = { en: false };


        var debouncedRequest = debounce(request, 500, { leading: false });

        function request(url, callback) {
            if (_inflight$1[url]) { return; }
            var controller = new AbortController();
            _inflight$1[url] = controller;

            d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
                .then(function(result) {
                    delete _inflight$1[url];
                    if (callback) { callback(null, result); }
                })
                .catch(function(err) {
                    delete _inflight$1[url];
                    if (err.name === 'AbortError') { return; }
                    if (callback) { callback(err.message); }
                });
        }


        /**
         * Get the best string value from the descriptions/labels result
         * Note that if mediawiki doesn't recognize language code, it will return all values.
         * In that case, fallback to use English.
         * @param values object - either descriptions or labels
         * @param langCode String
         * @returns localized string
         */
        function localizedToString(values, langCode) {
            if (values) {
                values = values[langCode] || values.en;
            }
            return values ? values.value : '';
        }


        var serviceOsmWikibase = {

            init: function() {
                _inflight$1 = {};
                _wikibaseCache = {};
                _localeIDs = {};
            },


            reset: function() {
                Object.values(_inflight$1).forEach(function(controller) { controller.abort(); });
                _inflight$1 = {};
            },


            /**
             * Get the best value for the property, or undefined if not found
             * @param entity object from wikibase
             * @param property string e.g. 'P4' for image
             * @param langCode string e.g. 'fr' for French
             */
            claimToValue: function(entity, property, langCode) {
                if (!entity.claims[property]) { return undefined; }
                var locale = _localeIDs[langCode];
                var preferredPick, localePick;

                entity.claims[property].forEach(function(stmt) {
                    // If exists, use value limited to the needed language (has a qualifier P26 = locale)
                    // Or if not found, use the first value with the "preferred" rank
                    if (!preferredPick && stmt.rank === 'preferred') {
                        preferredPick = stmt;
                    }
                    if (locale && stmt.qualifiers && stmt.qualifiers.P26 &&
                        stmt.qualifiers.P26[0].datavalue.value.id === locale
                    ) {
                        localePick = stmt;
                    }
                });

                var result = localePick || preferredPick;
                if (result) {
                    var datavalue = result.mainsnak.datavalue;
                    return datavalue.type === 'wikibase-entityid' ? datavalue.value.id : datavalue.value;
                } else {
                    return undefined;
                }
            },


            /**
             * Convert monolingual property into a key-value object (language -> value)
             * @param entity object from wikibase
             * @param property string e.g. 'P31' for monolingual wiki page title
             */
            monolingualClaimToValueObj: function(entity, property) {
                if (!entity || !entity.claims[property]) { return undefined; }

                return entity.claims[property].reduce(function(acc, obj) {
                    var value = obj.mainsnak.datavalue.value;
                    acc[value.language] = value.text;
                    return acc;
                }, {});
            },


            toSitelink: function(key, value) {
                var result = value ? ('Tag:' + key + '=' + value) : 'Key:' + key;
                return result.replace(/_/g, ' ').trim();
            },


            //
            // Pass params object of the form:
            // {
            //   key: 'string',
            //   value: 'string',
            //   langCode: 'string'
            // }
            //
            getEntity: function(params, callback) {
                var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest : request;
                var that = this;
                var titles = [];
                var result = {};
                var rtypeSitelink = (params.key === 'type' && params.value) ? ('Relation:' + params.value).replace(/_/g, ' ').trim() : false;
                var keySitelink = params.key ? this.toSitelink(params.key) : false;
                var tagSitelink = (params.key && params.value) ? this.toSitelink(params.key, params.value) : false;
                var localeSitelink;

                if (params.langCode && _localeIDs[params.langCode] === undefined) {
                    // If this is the first time we are asking about this locale,
                    // fetch corresponding entity (if it exists), and cache it.
                    // If there is no such entry, cache `false` value to avoid re-requesting it.
                    localeSitelink = ('Locale:' + params.langCode).replace(/_/g, ' ').trim();
                    titles.push(localeSitelink);
                }

                if (rtypeSitelink) {
                    if (_wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink]) {
                        result.rtype = _wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink];
                    } else {
                        titles.push(rtypeSitelink);
                    }
                }

                if (keySitelink) {
                    if (_wikibaseCache[keySitelink]) {
                        result.key = _wikibaseCache[keySitelink];
                    } else {
                        titles.push(keySitelink);
                    }
                }

                if (tagSitelink) {
                    if (_wikibaseCache[tagSitelink]) {
                        result.tag = _wikibaseCache[tagSitelink];
                    } else {
                        titles.push(tagSitelink);
                    }
                }

                if (!titles.length) {
                    // Nothing to do, we already had everything in the cache
                    return callback(null, result);
                }

                // Requesting just the user language code
                // If backend recognizes the code, it will perform proper fallbacks,
                // and the result will contain the requested code. If not, all values are returned:
                // {"zh-tw":{"value":"...","language":"zh-tw","source-language":"zh-hant"}
                // {"pt-br":{"value":"...","language":"pt","for-language":"pt-br"}}
                var obj = {
                    action: 'wbgetentities',
                    sites: 'wiki',
                    titles: titles.join('|'),
                    languages: params.langCode,
                    languagefallback: 1,
                    origin: '*',
                    format: 'json',
                    // There is an MW Wikibase API bug https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T212069
                    // We shouldn't use v1 until it gets fixed, but should switch to it afterwards
                    // formatversion: 2,
                };

                var url = apibase$3 + '?' + utilQsString(obj);
                doRequest(url, function(err, d) {
                    if (err) {
                        callback(err);
                    } else if (!d.success || d.error) {
                        callback(d.error.messages.map(function(v) { return v.html['*']; }).join('<br>'));
                    } else {
                        var localeID = false;
                        Object.values(d.entities).forEach(function(res) {
                            if (res.missing !== '') {
                                // Simplify access to the localized values
                                res.description = localizedToString(res.descriptions, params.langCode);
                                res.label = localizedToString(res.labels, params.langCode);

                                var title = res.sitelinks.wiki.title;
                                if (title === rtypeSitelink) {
                                    _wikibaseCache[rtypeSitelink] = res;
                                    result.rtype = res;
                                } else if (title === keySitelink) {
                                    _wikibaseCache[keySitelink] = res;
                                    result.key = res;
                                } else if (title === tagSitelink) {
                                    _wikibaseCache[tagSitelink] = res;
                                    result.tag = res;
                                } else if (title === localeSitelink) {
                                    localeID = res.id;
                                } else {
                                    console.log('Unexpected title ' + title);  // eslint-disable-line no-console
                                }
                            }
                        });

                        if (localeSitelink) {
                            // If locale ID is not found, store false to prevent repeated queries
                            that.addLocale(params.langCode, localeID);
                        }

                        callback(null, result);
                    }
                });
            },


            //
            // Pass params object of the form:
            // {
            //   key: 'string',     // required
            //   value: 'string'    // optional
            // }
            //
            // Get an result object used to display tag documentation
            // {
            //   title:        'string',
            //   description:  'string',
            //   editURL:      'string',
            //   imageURL:     'string',
            //   wiki:         { title: 'string', text: 'string', url: 'string' }
            // }
            //
            getDocs: function(params, callback) {
                var that = this;
                var langCode = _mainLocalizer.localeCode().toLowerCase();
                params.langCode = langCode;

                this.getEntity(params, function(err, data) {
                    if (err) {
                        callback(err);
                        return;
                    }

                    var entity = data.rtype || data.tag || data.key;
                    if (!entity) {
                        callback('No entity');
                        return;
                    }

                    // prepare result
                    var result = {
                        title: entity.title,
                        description: entity.description,
                        editURL: 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/' + entity.title
                    };

                    // add image
                    if (entity.claims) {
                        var imageroot;
                        var image = that.claimToValue(entity, 'P4', langCode);
                        if (image) {
                            imageroot = 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php';
                        } else {
                            image = that.claimToValue(entity, 'P28', langCode);
                            if (image) {
                                imageroot = 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php';
                            }
                        }
                        if (imageroot && image) {
                            result.imageURL = imageroot + '?' + utilQsString({
                                title: 'Special:Redirect/file/' + image,
                                width: 400
                            });
                        }
                    }

                    // Try to get a wiki page from tag data item first, followed by the corresponding key data item.
                    // If neither tag nor key data item contain a wiki page in the needed language nor English,
                    // get the first found wiki page from either the tag or the key item.
                    var rtypeWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.rtype, 'P31');
                    var tagWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.tag, 'P31');
                    var keyWiki = that.monolingualClaimToValueObj(data.key, 'P31');

                    // If exact language code does not exist, try to find the first part before the '-'
                    // BUG: in some cases, a more elaborate fallback logic might be needed
                    var langPrefix = langCode.split('-', 2)[0];

                    // use the first acceptable wiki page
                    result.wiki =
                        getWikiInfo(rtypeWiki, langCode, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
                        getWikiInfo(rtypeWiki, langPrefix, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
                        getWikiInfo(rtypeWiki, 'en', 'inspector.wiki_en_reference') ||
                        getWikiInfo(tagWiki, langCode, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
                        getWikiInfo(tagWiki, langPrefix, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
                        getWikiInfo(tagWiki, 'en', 'inspector.wiki_en_reference') ||
                        getWikiInfo(keyWiki, langCode, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
                        getWikiInfo(keyWiki, langPrefix, 'inspector.wiki_reference') ||
                        getWikiInfo(keyWiki, 'en', 'inspector.wiki_en_reference');

                    callback(null, result);


                    // Helper method to get wiki info if a given language exists
                    function getWikiInfo(wiki, langCode, tKey) {
                        if (wiki && wiki[langCode]) {
                            return {
                                title: wiki[langCode],
                                text: tKey,
                                url: 'https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/' + wiki[langCode]
                            };
                        }
                    }
                });
            },


            addLocale: function(langCode, qid) {
                // Makes it easier to unit test
                _localeIDs[langCode] = qid;
            },


            apibase: function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return apibase$3; }
                apibase$3 = val;
                return this;
            }

        };

        var jsonpCache = {};
        window.jsonpCache = jsonpCache;

        function jsonpRequest(url, callback) {
            var request = {
                abort: function() {}
            };

            if (window.JSONP_FIX) {
                if (window.JSONP_DELAY === 0) {
                    callback(window.JSONP_FIX);
                } else {
                    var t = window.setTimeout(function() {
                        callback(window.JSONP_FIX);
                    }, window.JSONP_DELAY || 0);

                    request.abort = function() { window.clearTimeout(t); };
                }

                return request;
            }

            function rand() {
                var chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
                var c = '';
                var i = -1;
                while (++i < 15) { c += chars.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * 52)); }
                return c;
            }

            function create(url) {
                var e = url.match(/callback=(\w+)/);
                var c = e ? e[1] : rand();

                jsonpCache[c] = function(data) {
                    if (jsonpCache[c]) {
                        callback(data);
                    }
                    finalize();
                };

                function finalize() {
                    delete jsonpCache[c];
                    script.remove();
                }

                request.abort = finalize;
                return 'jsonpCache.' + c;
            }

            var cb = create(url);

            var script = select('head')
                .append('script')
                .attr('type', 'text/javascript')
                .attr('src', url.replace(/(\{|%7B)callback(\}|%7D)/, cb));

            return request;
        }

        var bubbleApi = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/mapcontrol/HumanScaleServices/GetBubbles.ashx?';
        var streetsideImagesApi = 'https://t.ssl.ak.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/';
        var bubbleAppKey = 'AuftgJsO0Xs8Ts4M1xZUQJQXJNsvmh3IV8DkNieCiy3tCwCUMq76-WpkrBtNAuEm';
        var pannellumViewerCSS = 'pannellum-streetside/pannellum.css';
        var pannellumViewerJS = 'pannellum-streetside/pannellum.js';
        var maxResults$2 = 2000;
        var tileZoom$2 = 16.5;
        var tiler$6 = utilTiler().zoomExtent([tileZoom$2, tileZoom$2]).skipNullIsland(true);
        var dispatch$7 = dispatch('loadedBubbles', 'viewerChanged');
        var minHfov = 10;         // zoom in degrees:  20, 10, 5
        var maxHfov = 90;         // zoom out degrees
        var defaultHfov = 45;

        var _hires = false;
        var _resolution = 512;    // higher numbers are slower - 512, 1024, 2048, 4096
        var _currScene = 0;
        var _ssCache;
        var _pannellumViewer;
        var _sceneOptions;
        var _dataUrlArray = [];


        /**
         * abortRequest().
         */
        function abortRequest$6(i) {
          i.abort();
        }


        /**
         * localeTimeStamp().
         */
        function localeTimestamp(s) {
          if (!s) { return null; }
          var options = { day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
          var d = new Date(s);
          if (isNaN(d.getTime())) { return null; }
          return d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
        }


        /**
         * loadTiles() wraps the process of generating tiles and then fetching image points for each tile.
         */
        function loadTiles$2(which, url, projection, margin) {
          var tiles = tiler$6.margin(margin).getTiles(projection);

          // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
          var cache = _ssCache[which];
          Object.keys(cache.inflight).forEach(function (k) {
            var wanted = tiles.find(function (tile) { return k.indexOf(tile.id + ',') === 0; });
            if (!wanted) {
              abortRequest$6(cache.inflight[k]);
              delete cache.inflight[k];
            }
          });

          tiles.forEach(function (tile) { return loadNextTilePage$2(which, url, tile); });
        }


        /**
         * loadNextTilePage() load data for the next tile page in line.
         */
        function loadNextTilePage$2(which, url, tile) {
          var cache = _ssCache[which];
          var nextPage = cache.nextPage[tile.id] || 0;
          var id = tile.id + ',' + String(nextPage);
          if (cache.loaded[id] || cache.inflight[id]) { return; }

          cache.inflight[id] = getBubbles(url, tile, function (bubbles) {
            cache.loaded[id] = true;
            delete cache.inflight[id];
            if (!bubbles) { return; }

            // [].shift() removes the first element, some statistics info, not a bubble point
            bubbles.shift();

            var features = bubbles.map(function (bubble) {
              if (cache.points[bubble.id]) { return null; }  // skip duplicates

              var loc = [bubble.lo, bubble.la];
              var d = {
                loc: loc,
                key: bubble.id,
                ca: bubble.he,
                captured_at: bubble.cd,
                captured_by: 'microsoft',
                // nbn: bubble.nbn,
                // pbn: bubble.pbn,
                // ad: bubble.ad,
                // rn: bubble.rn,
                pr: bubble.pr,  // previous
                ne: bubble.ne,  // next
                pano: true,
                sequenceKey: null
              };

              cache.points[bubble.id] = d;

              // a sequence starts here
              if (bubble.pr === undefined) {
                cache.leaders.push(bubble.id);
              }

              return {
                minX: loc[0], minY: loc[1], maxX: loc[0], maxY: loc[1], data: d
              };

            }).filter(Boolean);

            cache.rtree.load(features);

            connectSequences();

            if (which === 'bubbles') {
              dispatch$7.call('loadedBubbles');
            }
          });
        }


        // call this sometimes to connect the bubbles into sequences
        function connectSequences() {
          var cache = _ssCache.bubbles;
          var keepLeaders = [];

          for (var i = 0; i < cache.leaders.length; i++) {
            var bubble = cache.points[cache.leaders[i]];
            var seen = {};

            // try to make a sequence.. use the key of the leader bubble.
            var sequence = { key: bubble.key, bubbles: [] };
            var complete = false;

            do {
              sequence.bubbles.push(bubble);
              seen[bubble.key] = true;

              if (bubble.ne === undefined) {
                complete = true;
              } else {
                bubble = cache.points[bubble.ne];  // advance to next
              }
            } while (bubble && !seen[bubble.key] && !complete);


            if (complete) {
              _ssCache.sequences[sequence.key] = sequence;

              // assign bubbles to the sequence
              for (var j = 0; j < sequence.bubbles.length; j++) {
                sequence.bubbles[j].sequenceKey = sequence.key;
              }

              // create a GeoJSON LineString
              sequence.geojson = {
                type: 'LineString',
                properties: { key: sequence.key },
                coordinates: sequence.bubbles.map(function (d) { return d.loc; })
              };

            } else {
              keepLeaders.push(cache.leaders[i]);
            }
          }

          // couldn't complete these, save for later
          cache.leaders = keepLeaders;
        }


        /**
         * getBubbles() handles the request to the server for a tile extent of 'bubbles' (streetside image locations).
         */
        function getBubbles(url, tile, callback) {
          var rect = tile.extent.rectangle();
          var urlForRequest = url + utilQsString({
            n: rect[3],
            s: rect[1],
            e: rect[2],
            w: rect[0],
            c: maxResults$2,
            appkey: bubbleAppKey,
            jsCallback: '{callback}'
          });

          return jsonpRequest(urlForRequest, function (data) {
            if (!data || data.error) {
              callback(null);
            } else {
              callback(data);
            }
          });
        }


        // partition viewport into higher zoom tiles
        function partitionViewport$2(projection) {
          var z = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
          var z2 = (Math.ceil(z * 2) / 2) + 2.5;   // round to next 0.5 and add 2.5
          var tiler = utilTiler().zoomExtent([z2, z2]);

          return tiler.getTiles(projection)
            .map(function (tile) { return tile.extent; });
        }


        // no more than `limit` results per partition.
        function searchLimited$2(limit, projection, rtree) {
          limit = limit || 5;

          return partitionViewport$2(projection)
            .reduce(function (result, extent) {
              var found = rtree.search(extent.bbox())
                .slice(0, limit)
                .map(function (d) { return d.data; });

              return (found.length ? result.concat(found) : result);
            }, []);
        }


        /**
         * loadImage()
         */
        function loadImage(imgInfo) {
          return new Promise(function (resolve) {
            var img = new Image();
            img.onload = function () {
              var canvas = document.getElementById('ideditor-canvas' + imgInfo.face);
              var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
              ctx.drawImage(img, imgInfo.x, imgInfo.y);
              resolve({ imgInfo: imgInfo, status: 'ok' });
            };
            img.onerror = function () {
              resolve({ data: imgInfo, status: 'error' });
            };
            img.setAttribute('crossorigin', '');
            img.src = imgInfo.url;
          });
        }


        /**
         * loadCanvas()
         */
        function loadCanvas(imageGroup) {
          return Promise.all(imageGroup.map(loadImage))
            .then(function (data) {
              var canvas = document.getElementById('ideditor-canvas' + data[0].imgInfo.face);
              var which = { '01': 0, '02': 1, '03': 2, '10': 3, '11': 4, '12': 5 };
              var face = data[0].imgInfo.face;
              _dataUrlArray[which[face]] = canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg', 1.0);
              return { status: 'loadCanvas for face ' + data[0].imgInfo.face + 'ok'};
            });
        }


        /**
         * loadFaces()
         */
        function loadFaces(faceGroup) {
          return Promise.all(faceGroup.map(loadCanvas))
            .then(function () { return { status: 'loadFaces done' }; });
        }


        function setupCanvas(selection, reset) {
          if (reset) {
            selection.selectAll('#ideditor-stitcher-canvases')
              .remove();
          }

          // Add the Streetside working canvases. These are used for 'stitching', or combining,
          // multiple images for each of the six faces, before passing to the Pannellum control as DataUrls
          selection.selectAll('#ideditor-stitcher-canvases')
            .data([0])
            .enter()
            .append('div')
            .attr('id', 'ideditor-stitcher-canvases')
            .attr('display', 'none')
            .selectAll('canvas')
            .data(['canvas01', 'canvas02', 'canvas03', 'canvas10', 'canvas11', 'canvas12'])
            .enter()
            .append('canvas')
            .attr('id', function (d) { return 'ideditor-' + d; })
            .attr('width', _resolution)
            .attr('height', _resolution);
        }


        function qkToXY(qk) {
          var x = 0;
          var y = 0;
          var scale = 256;
          for (var i = qk.length; i > 0; i--) {
            var key = qk[i-1];
            x += (+(key === '1' || key === '3')) * scale;
            y += (+(key === '2' || key === '3')) * scale;
            scale *= 2;
          }
          return [x, y];
        }


        function getQuadKeys() {
          var dim = _resolution / 256;
          var quadKeys;

          if (dim === 16) {
            quadKeys = [
              '0000','0001','0010','0011','0100','0101','0110','0111',  '1000','1001','1010','1011','1100','1101','1110','1111',
              '0002','0003','0012','0013','0102','0103','0112','0113',  '1002','1003','1012','1013','1102','1103','1112','1113',
              '0020','0021','0030','0031','0120','0121','0130','0131',  '1020','1021','1030','1031','1120','1121','1130','1131',
              '0022','0023','0032','0033','0122','0123','0132','0133',  '1022','1023','1032','1033','1122','1123','1132','1133',
              '0200','0201','0210','0211','0300','0301','0310','0311',  '1200','1201','1210','1211','1300','1301','1310','1311',
              '0202','0203','0212','0213','0302','0303','0312','0313',  '1202','1203','1212','1213','1302','1303','1312','1313',
              '0220','0221','0230','0231','0320','0321','0330','0331',  '1220','1221','1230','1231','1320','1321','1330','1331',
              '0222','0223','0232','0233','0322','0323','0332','0333',  '1222','1223','1232','1233','1322','1323','1332','1333',

              '2000','2001','2010','2011','2100','2101','2110','2111',  '3000','3001','3010','3011','3100','3101','3110','3111',
              '2002','2003','2012','2013','2102','2103','2112','2113',  '3002','3003','3012','3013','3102','3103','3112','3113',
              '2020','2021','2030','2031','2120','2121','2130','2131',  '3020','3021','3030','3031','3120','3121','3130','3131',
              '2022','2023','2032','2033','2122','2123','2132','2133',  '3022','3023','3032','3033','3122','3123','3132','3133',
              '2200','2201','2210','2211','2300','2301','2310','2311',  '3200','3201','3210','3211','3300','3301','3310','3311',
              '2202','2203','2212','2213','2302','2303','2312','2313',  '3202','3203','3212','3213','3302','3303','3312','3313',
              '2220','2221','2230','2231','2320','2321','2330','2331',  '3220','3221','3230','3231','3320','3321','3330','3331',
              '2222','2223','2232','2233','2322','2323','2332','2333',  '3222','3223','3232','3233','3322','3323','3332','3333'
            ];

          } else if (dim === 8) {
            quadKeys = [
              '000','001','010','011',  '100','101','110','111',
              '002','003','012','013',  '102','103','112','113',
              '020','021','030','031',  '120','121','130','131',
              '022','023','032','033',  '122','123','132','133',

              '200','201','210','211',  '300','301','310','311',
              '202','203','212','213',  '302','303','312','313',
              '220','221','230','231',  '320','321','330','331',
              '222','223','232','233',  '322','323','332','333'
            ];

          } else if (dim === 4) {
            quadKeys = [
              '00','01',  '10','11',
              '02','03',  '12','13',

              '20','21',  '30','31',
              '22','23',  '32','33'
            ];

          } else {  // dim === 2
            quadKeys = [
              '0', '1',
              '2', '3'
            ];
          }

          return quadKeys;
        }



        var serviceStreetside = {
          /**
           * init() initialize streetside.
           */
          init: function() {
            if (!_ssCache) {
              this.reset();
            }

            this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$7, 'on');
          },

          /**
           * reset() reset the cache.
           */
          reset: function() {
            if (_ssCache) {
              Object.values(_ssCache.bubbles.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$6);
            }

            _ssCache = {
              bubbles: { inflight: {}, loaded: {}, nextPage: {}, rtree: new RBush(), points: {}, leaders: [] },
              sequences: {}
            };
          },

          /**
           * bubbles()
           */
          bubbles: function(projection) {
            var limit = 5;
            return searchLimited$2(limit, projection, _ssCache.bubbles.rtree);
          },


          sequences: function(projection) {
            var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
            var min = [viewport[0][0], viewport[1][1]];
            var max = [viewport[1][0], viewport[0][1]];
            var bbox = geoExtent(projection.invert(min), projection.invert(max)).bbox();
            var seen = {};
            var results = [];

            // all sequences for bubbles in viewport
            _ssCache.bubbles.rtree.search(bbox)
              .forEach(function (d) {
                var key = d.data.sequenceKey;
                if (key && !seen[key]) {
                    seen[key] = true;
                    results.push(_ssCache.sequences[key].geojson);
                }
              });

            return results;
          },


          /**
           * loadBubbles()
           */
          loadBubbles: function(projection, margin) {
            // by default: request 2 nearby tiles so we can connect sequences.
            if (margin === undefined) { margin = 2; }

            loadTiles$2('bubbles', bubbleApi, projection, margin);
          },


          viewer: function() {
            return _pannellumViewer;
          },


          initViewer: function () {
            if (!window.pannellum) { return; }
            if (_pannellumViewer) { return; }

            var sceneID = ++_currScene + '';
            var options = {
              'default': { firstScene: sceneID },
              scenes: {}
            };
            options.scenes[sceneID] = _sceneOptions;

            _pannellumViewer = window.pannellum.viewer('ideditor-viewer-streetside', options);
          },


          /**
           * loadViewer() create the streeside viewer.
           */
          loadViewer: function(context) {
            var that = this;

            var pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';

            // create ms-wrapper, a photo wrapper class
            var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer').selectAll('.ms-wrapper')
              .data([0]);

            // inject ms-wrapper into the photoviewer div
            // (used by all to house each custom photo viewer)
            var wrapEnter = wrap.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'photo-wrapper ms-wrapper')
              .classed('hide', true);

            // inject div to support streetside viewer (pannellum) and attribution line
            wrapEnter
              .append('div')
              .attr('id', 'ideditor-viewer-streetside')
              .on(pointerPrefix + 'down.streetside', function () {
                select(window)
                  .on(pointerPrefix + 'move.streetside', function () {
                    dispatch$7.call('viewerChanged');
                  }, true);
              })
              .on(pointerPrefix + 'up.streetside pointercancel.streetside', function () {
                select(window)
                  .on(pointerPrefix + 'move.streetside', null);

                // continue dispatching events for a few seconds, in case viewer has inertia.
                var t = timer(function (elapsed) {
                  dispatch$7.call('viewerChanged');
                  if (elapsed > 2000) {
                    t.stop();
                  }
                });
              })
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'photo-attribution fillD');

            var controlsEnter = wrapEnter
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'photo-controls-wrap')
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'photo-controls');

            controlsEnter
              .append('button')
              .on('click.back', step(-1))
              .text('◄');

            controlsEnter
              .append('button')
              .on('click.forward', step(1))
              .text('►');


            // create working canvas for stitching together images
            wrap = wrap
              .merge(wrapEnter)
              .call(setupCanvas, true);

            // load streetside pannellum viewer css
            select('head').selectAll('#ideditor-streetside-viewercss')
              .data([0])
              .enter()
              .append('link')
              .attr('id', 'ideditor-streetside-viewercss')
              .attr('rel', 'stylesheet')
              .attr('href', context.asset(pannellumViewerCSS));

            // load streetside pannellum viewer js
            select('head').selectAll('#ideditor-streetside-viewerjs')
              .data([0])
              .enter()
              .append('script')
              .attr('id', 'ideditor-streetside-viewerjs')
              .attr('src', context.asset(pannellumViewerJS));


            // Register viewer resize handler
            context.ui().photoviewer.on('resize.streetside', function () {
              if (_pannellumViewer) {
                _pannellumViewer.resize();
              }
            });


            function step(stepBy) {
              return function () {
                var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
                var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
                if (!selected) { return; }

                var nextID = (stepBy === 1 ? selected.ne : selected.pr);
                var yaw = _pannellumViewer.getYaw();
                var ca = selected.ca + yaw;
                var origin = selected.loc;

                // construct a search trapezoid pointing out from current bubble
                var meters = 35;
                var p1 = [
                  origin[0] + geoMetersToLon(meters / 5, origin[1]),
                  origin[1]
                ];
                var p2 = [
                  origin[0] + geoMetersToLon(meters / 2, origin[1]),
                  origin[1] + geoMetersToLat(meters)
                ];
                var p3 = [
                  origin[0] - geoMetersToLon(meters / 2, origin[1]),
                  origin[1] + geoMetersToLat(meters)
                ];
                var p4 = [
                  origin[0] - geoMetersToLon(meters / 5, origin[1]),
                  origin[1]
                ];

                var poly = [p1, p2, p3, p4, p1];

                // rotate it to face forward/backward
                var angle = (stepBy === 1 ? ca : ca + 180) * (Math.PI / 180);
                poly = geoRotate(poly, -angle, origin);

                var extent = poly.reduce(function (extent, point) {
                  return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
                }, geoExtent());

                // find nearest other bubble in the search polygon
                var minDist = Infinity;
                _ssCache.bubbles.rtree.search(extent.bbox())
                  .forEach(function (d) {
                    if (d.data.key === selected.key) { return; }
                    if (!geoPointInPolygon(d.data.loc, poly)) { return; }

                    var dist = geoVecLength(d.data.loc, selected.loc);
                    var theta = selected.ca - d.data.ca;
                    var minTheta = Math.min(Math.abs(theta), 360 - Math.abs(theta));
                    if (minTheta > 20) {
                      dist += 5;  // penalize distance if camera angles don't match
                    }

                    if (dist < minDist) {
                      nextID = d.data.key;
                      minDist = dist;
                    }
                  });

                var nextBubble = nextID && _ssCache.bubbles.points[nextID];
                if (!nextBubble) { return; }

                context.map().centerEase(nextBubble.loc);

                that.selectImage(context, nextBubble)
                  .then(function (response) {
                    if (response.status === 'ok') {
                      _sceneOptions.yaw = yaw;
                      that.showViewer(context);
                    }
                  });
              };
            }
          },


          /**
           * showViewer()
           */
          showViewer: function(context, yaw) {
            if (!_sceneOptions) { return; }

            if (yaw !== undefined) {
              _sceneOptions.yaw = yaw;
            }

            if (!_pannellumViewer) {
              this.initViewer();
            } else {
              // make a new scene
              var sceneID = ++_currScene + '';
              _pannellumViewer
                .addScene(sceneID, _sceneOptions)
                .loadScene(sceneID);

              // remove previous scene
              if (_currScene > 2) {
                sceneID = (_currScene - 1) + '';
                _pannellumViewer
                  .removeScene(sceneID);
              }
            }

            var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer')
              .classed('hide', false);

            var isHidden = wrap.selectAll('.photo-wrapper.ms-wrapper.hide').size();

            if (isHidden) {
              wrap
                .selectAll('.photo-wrapper:not(.ms-wrapper)')
                .classed('hide', true);

              wrap
                .selectAll('.photo-wrapper.ms-wrapper')
                .classed('hide', false);
            }

            return this;
          },


          /**
           * hideViewer()
           */
          hideViewer: function (context) {
            var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
            if (!viewer.empty()) { viewer.datum(null); }

            viewer
              .classed('hide', true)
              .selectAll('.photo-wrapper')
              .classed('hide', true);

            context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group, .sequence, .icon-sign')
              .classed('currentView', false);

            return this.setStyles(context, null, true);
          },


          /**
           * selectImage().
           */
          selectImage: function (context, d) {
            var that = this;
            var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
            if (!viewer.empty()) { viewer.datum(d); }

            this.setStyles(context, null, true);

            var wrap = context.container().select('.photoviewer .ms-wrapper');
            var attribution = wrap.selectAll('.photo-attribution').html('');

            wrap.selectAll('.pnlm-load-box')   // display "loading.."
              .style('display', 'block');

            if (!d) {
              return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
            }

            var line1 = attribution
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'attribution-row');

            var hiresDomId = utilUniqueDomId('streetside-hires');

            // Add hires checkbox
            var label = line1
              .append('label')
              .attr('for', hiresDomId)
              .attr('class', 'streetside-hires');

            label
              .append('input')
              .attr('type', 'checkbox')
              .attr('id', hiresDomId)
              .property('checked', _hires)
              .on('click', function () {
                event.stopPropagation();

                _hires = !_hires;
                _resolution = _hires ? 1024 : 512;
                wrap.call(setupCanvas, true);

                var viewstate = {
                  yaw: _pannellumViewer.getYaw(),
                  pitch: _pannellumViewer.getPitch(),
                  hfov: _pannellumViewer.getHfov()
                };

                that.selectImage(context, d)
                  .then(function (response) {
                    if (response.status === 'ok') {
                      _sceneOptions = Object.assign(_sceneOptions, viewstate);
                      that.showViewer(context);
                    }
                  });
              });

            label
              .append('span')
              .text(_t('streetside.hires'));


            var captureInfo = line1
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'attribution-capture-info');

            // Add capture date
            if (d.captured_by) {
              var yyyy = (new Date()).getFullYear();

              captureInfo
                .append('a')
                .attr('class', 'captured_by')
                .attr('target', '_blank')
                .attr('href', 'https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/maps/streetside')
                .text('©' + yyyy + ' Microsoft');

              captureInfo
                .append('span')
                .text('|');
            }

            if (d.captured_at) {
              captureInfo
                .append('span')
                .attr('class', 'captured_at')
                .text(localeTimestamp(d.captured_at));
            }

            // Add image links
            var line2 = attribution
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'attribution-row');

            line2
              .append('a')
              .attr('class', 'image-view-link')
              .attr('target', '_blank')
              .attr('href', 'https://www.bing.com/maps?cp=' + d.loc[1] + '~' + d.loc[0] +
                '&lvl=17&dir=' + d.ca + '&style=x&v=2&sV=1')
              .text(_t('streetside.view_on_bing'));

            line2
              .append('a')
              .attr('class', 'image-report-link')
              .attr('target', '_blank')
              .attr('href', 'https://www.bing.com/maps/privacyreport/streetsideprivacyreport?bubbleid=' +
                encodeURIComponent(d.key) + '&focus=photo&lat=' + d.loc[1] + '&lng=' + d.loc[0] + '&z=17')
              .text(_t('streetside.report'));


            var bubbleIdQuadKey = d.key.toString(4);
            var paddingNeeded = 16 - bubbleIdQuadKey.length;
            for (var i = 0; i < paddingNeeded; i++) {
              bubbleIdQuadKey = '0' + bubbleIdQuadKey;
            }
            var imgUrlPrefix = streetsideImagesApi + 'hs' + bubbleIdQuadKey;
            var imgUrlSuffix = '.jpg?g=6338&n=z';

            // Cubemap face code order matters here: front=01, right=02, back=03, left=10, up=11, down=12
            var faceKeys = ['01','02','03','10','11','12'];

            // Map images to cube faces
            var quadKeys = getQuadKeys();
            var faces = faceKeys.map(function (faceKey) {
              return quadKeys.map(function (quadKey) {
                var xy = qkToXY(quadKey);
                return {
                  face: faceKey,
                  url: imgUrlPrefix + faceKey + quadKey + imgUrlSuffix,
                  x: xy[0],
                  y: xy[1]
                };
              });
            });

            return loadFaces(faces)
              .then(function () {
                _sceneOptions = {
                  showFullscreenCtrl: false,
                  autoLoad: true,
                  compass: true,
                  northOffset: d.ca,
                  yaw: 0,
                  minHfov: minHfov,
                  maxHfov: maxHfov,
                  hfov: defaultHfov,
                  type: 'cubemap',
                  cubeMap: [
                    _dataUrlArray[0],
                    _dataUrlArray[1],
                    _dataUrlArray[2],
                    _dataUrlArray[3],
                    _dataUrlArray[4],
                    _dataUrlArray[5]
                  ]
                };
                return { status: 'ok' };
              });
          },


          getSequenceKeyForBubble: function(d) {
            return d && d.sequenceKey;
          },


          // Updates the currently highlighted sequence and selected bubble.
          // Reset is only necessary when interacting with the viewport because
          // this implicitly changes the currently selected bubble/sequence
          setStyles: function (context, hovered, reset) {
            if (reset) {  // reset all layers
              context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group')
                .classed('highlighted', false)
                .classed('hovered', false)
                .classed('currentView', false);

              context.container().selectAll('.sequence')
                .classed('highlighted', false)
                .classed('currentView', false);
            }

            var hoveredBubbleKey = hovered && hovered.key;
            var hoveredSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForBubble(hovered);
            var hoveredSequence = hoveredSequenceKey && _ssCache.sequences[hoveredSequenceKey];
            var hoveredBubbleKeys =  (hoveredSequence && hoveredSequence.bubbles.map(function (d) { return d.key; })) || [];

            var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
            var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
            var selectedBubbleKey = selected && selected.key;
            var selectedSequenceKey = this.getSequenceKeyForBubble(selected);
            var selectedSequence = selectedSequenceKey && _ssCache.sequences[selectedSequenceKey];
            var selectedBubbleKeys = (selectedSequence && selectedSequence.bubbles.map(function (d) { return d.key; })) || [];

            // highlight sibling viewfields on either the selected or the hovered sequences
            var highlightedBubbleKeys = utilArrayUnion(hoveredBubbleKeys, selectedBubbleKeys);

            context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .viewfield-group')
              .classed('highlighted', function (d) { return highlightedBubbleKeys.indexOf(d.key) !== -1; })
              .classed('hovered',     function (d) { return d.key === hoveredBubbleKey; })
              .classed('currentView', function (d) { return d.key === selectedBubbleKey; });

            context.container().selectAll('.layer-streetside-images .sequence')
              .classed('highlighted', function (d) { return d.properties.key === hoveredSequenceKey; })
              .classed('currentView', function (d) { return d.properties.key === selectedSequenceKey; });

            // update viewfields if needed
            context.container().selectAll('.viewfield-group .viewfield')
              .attr('d', viewfieldPath);

            function viewfieldPath() {
              var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
              if (d.pano && d.key !== selectedBubbleKey) {
                return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
              } else {
                return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
              }
            }

            return this;
          },


          /**
           * cache().
           */
          cache: function () {
            return _ssCache;
          }
        };

        var apibase$4 = 'https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/api/4/';
        var _inflight$2 = {};
        var _popularKeys = {};
        var _taginfoCache = {};

        var tag_sorts = {
            point: 'count_nodes',
            vertex: 'count_nodes',
            area: 'count_ways',
            line: 'count_ways'
        };
        var tag_sort_members = {
            point: 'count_node_members',
            vertex: 'count_node_members',
            area: 'count_way_members',
            line: 'count_way_members',
            relation: 'count_relation_members'
        };
        var tag_filters = {
            point: 'nodes',
            vertex: 'nodes',
            area: 'ways',
            line: 'ways'
        };
        var tag_members_fractions = {
            point: 'count_node_members_fraction',
            vertex: 'count_node_members_fraction',
            area: 'count_way_members_fraction',
            line: 'count_way_members_fraction',
            relation: 'count_relation_members_fraction'
        };


        function sets(params, n, o) {
            if (params.geometry && o[params.geometry]) {
                params[n] = o[params.geometry];
            }
            return params;
        }


        function setFilter(params) {
            return sets(params, 'filter', tag_filters);
        }


        function setSort(params) {
            return sets(params, 'sortname', tag_sorts);
        }


        function setSortMembers(params) {
            return sets(params, 'sortname', tag_sort_members);
        }


        function clean(params) {
            return utilObjectOmit(params, ['geometry', 'debounce']);
        }


        function filterKeys(type) {
            var count_type = type ? 'count_' + type : 'count_all';
            return function(d) {
                return parseFloat(d[count_type]) > 2500 || d.in_wiki;
            };
        }


        function filterMultikeys(prefix) {
            return function(d) {
                // d.key begins with prefix, and d.key contains no additional ':'s
                var re = new RegExp('^' + prefix + '(.*)$');
                var matches = d.key.match(re) || [];
                return (matches.length === 2 && matches[1].indexOf(':') === -1);
            };
        }


        function filterValues(allowUpperCase) {
            return function(d) {
                if (d.value.match(/[;,]/) !== null) { return false; }  // exclude some punctuation
                if (!allowUpperCase && d.value.match(/[A-Z*]/) !== null) { return false; }  // exclude uppercase letters
                return parseFloat(d.fraction) > 0.0;
            };
        }


        function filterRoles(geometry) {
            return function(d) {
                if (d.role === '') { return false; } // exclude empty role
                if (d.role.match(/[A-Z*;,]/) !== null) { return false; }  // exclude uppercase letters and some punctuation
                return parseFloat(d[tag_members_fractions[geometry]]) > 0.0;
            };
        }


        function valKey(d) {
            return {
                value: d.key,
                title: d.key
            };
        }


        function valKeyDescription(d) {
            var obj = {
                value: d.value,
                title: d.description || d.value
            };
            if (d.count) {
                obj.count = d.count;
            }
            return obj;
        }


        function roleKey(d) {
            return {
                value: d.role,
                title: d.role
            };
        }


        // sort keys with ':' lower than keys without ':'
        function sortKeys(a, b) {
            return (a.key.indexOf(':') === -1 && b.key.indexOf(':') !== -1) ? -1
                : (a.key.indexOf(':') !== -1 && b.key.indexOf(':') === -1) ? 1
                : 0;
        }


        var debouncedRequest$1 = debounce(request$1, 300, { leading: false });

        function request$1(url, params, exactMatch, callback, loaded) {
            if (_inflight$2[url]) { return; }

            if (checkCache(url, params, exactMatch, callback)) { return; }

            var controller = new AbortController();
            _inflight$2[url] = controller;

            d3_json(url, { signal: controller.signal })
                .then(function(result) {
                    delete _inflight$2[url];
                    if (loaded) { loaded(null, result); }
                })
                .catch(function(err) {
                    delete _inflight$2[url];
                    if (err.name === 'AbortError') { return; }
                    if (loaded) { loaded(err.message); }
                });
        }


        function checkCache(url, params, exactMatch, callback) {
            var rp = params.rp || 25;
            var testQuery = params.query || '';
            var testUrl = url;

            do {
                var hit = _taginfoCache[testUrl];

                // exact match, or shorter match yielding fewer than max results (rp)
                if (hit && (url === testUrl || hit.length < rp)) {
                    callback(null, hit);
                    return true;
                }

                // don't try to shorten the query
                if (exactMatch || !testQuery.length) { return false; }

                // do shorten the query to see if we already have a cached result
                // that has returned fewer than max results (rp)
                testQuery = testQuery.slice(0, -1);
                testUrl = url.replace(/&query=(.*?)&/, '&query=' + testQuery + '&');
            } while (testQuery.length >= 0);

            return false;
        }


        var serviceTaginfo = {

            init: function() {
                _inflight$2 = {};
                _taginfoCache = {};
                _popularKeys = {
                    // manually exclude some keys – #5377, #7485
                    postal_code: true,
                    full_name: true,
                    loc_name: true,
                    reg_name: true,
                    short_name: true,
                    sorting_name: true,
                    artist_name: true,
                    nat_name: true,
                    long_name: true,
                    'bridge:name': true
                };

                // Fetch popular keys.  We'll exclude these from `values`
                // lookups because they stress taginfo, and they aren't likely
                // to yield meaningful autocomplete results.. see #3955
                var params = {
                    rp: 100,
                    sortname: 'values_all',
                    sortorder: 'desc',
                    page: 1,
                    debounce: false,
                    lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
                };
                this.keys(params, function(err, data) {
                    if (err) { return; }
                    data.forEach(function(d) {
                        if (d.value === 'opening_hours') { return; }  // exception
                        _popularKeys[d.value] = true;
                    });
                });
            },


            reset: function() {
                Object.values(_inflight$2).forEach(function(controller) { controller.abort(); });
                _inflight$2 = {};
            },


            keys: function(params, callback) {
                var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
                params = clean(setSort(params));
                params = Object.assign({
                    rp: 10,
                    sortname: 'count_all',
                    sortorder: 'desc',
                    page: 1,
                    lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
                }, params);

                var url = apibase$4 + 'keys/all?' + utilQsString(params);
                doRequest(url, params, false, callback, function(err, d) {
                    if (err) {
                        callback(err);
                    } else {
                        var f = filterKeys(params.filter);
                        var result = d.data.filter(f).sort(sortKeys).map(valKey);
                        _taginfoCache[url] = result;
                        callback(null, result);
                    }
                });
            },


            multikeys: function(params, callback) {
                var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
                params = clean(setSort(params));
                params = Object.assign({
                    rp: 25,
                    sortname: 'count_all',
                    sortorder: 'desc',
                    page: 1,
                    lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
                }, params);

                var prefix = params.query;
                var url = apibase$4 + 'keys/all?' + utilQsString(params);
                doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function(err, d) {
                    if (err) {
                        callback(err);
                    } else {
                        var f = filterMultikeys(prefix);
                        var result = d.data.filter(f).map(valKey);
                        _taginfoCache[url] = result;
                        callback(null, result);
                    }
                });
            },


            values: function(params, callback) {
                // Exclude popular keys from values lookups.. see #3955
                var key = params.key;
                if (key && _popularKeys[key]) {
                    callback(null, []);
                    return;
                }

                var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
                params = clean(setSort(setFilter(params)));
                params = Object.assign({
                    rp: 25,
                    sortname: 'count_all',
                    sortorder: 'desc',
                    page: 1,
                    lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
                }, params);

                var url = apibase$4 + 'key/values?' + utilQsString(params);
                doRequest(url, params, false, callback, function(err, d) {
                    if (err) {
                        callback(err);
                    } else {
                        // In most cases we prefer taginfo value results with lowercase letters.
                        // A few OSM keys expect values to contain uppercase values (see #3377).
                        // This is not an exhaustive list (e.g. `name` also has uppercase values)
                        // but these are the fields where taginfo value lookup is most useful.
                        var re = /network|taxon|genus|species|brand|grape_variety|royal_cypher|listed_status|booth|rating|stars|:output|_hours|_times|_ref|manufacturer|country|target|brewery/;
                        var allowUpperCase = re.test(params.key);
                        var f = filterValues(allowUpperCase);

                        var result = d.data.filter(f).map(valKeyDescription);
                        _taginfoCache[url] = result;
                        callback(null, result);
                    }
                });
            },


            roles: function(params, callback) {
                var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
                var geometry = params.geometry;
                params = clean(setSortMembers(params));
                params = Object.assign({
                    rp: 25,
                    sortname: 'count_all_members',
                    sortorder: 'desc',
                    page: 1,
                    lang: _mainLocalizer.languageCode()
                }, params);

                var url = apibase$4 + 'relation/roles?' + utilQsString(params);
                doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function(err, d) {
                    if (err) {
                        callback(err);
                    } else {
                        var f = filterRoles(geometry);
                        var result = d.data.filter(f).map(roleKey);
                        _taginfoCache[url] = result;
                        callback(null, result);
                    }
                });
            },


            docs: function(params, callback) {
                var doRequest = params.debounce ? debouncedRequest$1 : request$1;
                params = clean(setSort(params));

                var path = 'key/wiki_pages?';
                if (params.value) {
                    path = 'tag/wiki_pages?';
                } else if (params.rtype) {
                    path = 'relation/wiki_pages?';
                }

                var url = apibase$4 + path + utilQsString(params);
                doRequest(url, params, true, callback, function(err, d) {
                    if (err) {
                        callback(err);
                    } else {
                        _taginfoCache[url] = d.data;
                        callback(null, d.data);
                    }
                });
            },


            apibase: function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return apibase$4; }
                apibase$4 = _;
                return this;
            }

        };

        var helpers$1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
        /**
         * @module helpers
         */
        /**
         * Earth Radius used with the Harvesine formula and approximates using a spherical (non-ellipsoid) Earth.
         *
         * @memberof helpers
         * @type {number}
         */
        exports.earthRadius = 6371008.8;
        /**
         * Unit of measurement factors using a spherical (non-ellipsoid) earth radius.
         *
         * @memberof helpers
         * @type {Object}
         */
        exports.factors = {
            centimeters: exports.earthRadius * 100,
            centimetres: exports.earthRadius * 100,
            degrees: exports.earthRadius / 111325,
            feet: exports.earthRadius * 3.28084,
            inches: exports.earthRadius * 39.370,
            kilometers: exports.earthRadius / 1000,
            kilometres: exports.earthRadius / 1000,
            meters: exports.earthRadius,
            metres: exports.earthRadius,
            miles: exports.earthRadius / 1609.344,
            millimeters: exports.earthRadius * 1000,
            millimetres: exports.earthRadius * 1000,
            nauticalmiles: exports.earthRadius / 1852,
            radians: 1,
            yards: exports.earthRadius / 1.0936,
        };
        /**
         * Units of measurement factors based on 1 meter.
         *
         * @memberof helpers
         * @type {Object}
         */
        exports.unitsFactors = {
            centimeters: 100,
            centimetres: 100,
            degrees: 1 / 111325,
            feet: 3.28084,
            inches: 39.370,
            kilometers: 1 / 1000,
            kilometres: 1 / 1000,
            meters: 1,
            metres: 1,
            miles: 1 / 1609.344,
            millimeters: 1000,
            millimetres: 1000,
            nauticalmiles: 1 / 1852,
            radians: 1 / exports.earthRadius,
            yards: 1 / 1.0936,
        };
        /**
         * Area of measurement factors based on 1 square meter.
         *
         * @memberof helpers
         * @type {Object}
         */
        exports.areaFactors = {
            acres: 0.000247105,
            centimeters: 10000,
            centimetres: 10000,
            feet: 10.763910417,
            inches: 1550.003100006,
            kilometers: 0.000001,
            kilometres: 0.000001,
            meters: 1,
            metres: 1,
            miles: 3.86e-7,
            millimeters: 1000000,
            millimetres: 1000000,
            yards: 1.195990046,
        };
        /**
         * Wraps a GeoJSON {@link Geometry} in a GeoJSON {@link Feature}.
         *
         * @name feature
         * @param {Geometry} geometry input geometry
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
         * @returns {Feature} a GeoJSON Feature
         * @example
         * var geometry = {
         *   "type": "Point",
         *   "coordinates": [110, 50]
         * };
         *
         * var feature = turf.feature(geometry);
         *
         * //=feature
         */
        function feature(geom, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            var feat = { type: "Feature" };
            if (options.id === 0 || options.id) {
                feat.id = options.id;
            }
            if (options.bbox) {
                feat.bbox = options.bbox;
            }
            feat.properties = properties || {};
            feat.geometry = geom;
            return feat;
        }
        exports.feature = feature;
        /**
         * Creates a GeoJSON {@link Geometry} from a Geometry string type & coordinates.
         * For GeometryCollection type use `helpers.geometryCollection`
         *
         * @name geometry
         * @param {string} type Geometry Type
         * @param {Array<any>} coordinates Coordinates
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @returns {Geometry} a GeoJSON Geometry
         * @example
         * var type = "Point";
         * var coordinates = [110, 50];
         * var geometry = turf.geometry(type, coordinates);
         * // => geometry
         */
        function geometry(type, coordinates, options) {
            switch (type) {
                case "Point": return point(coordinates).geometry;
                case "LineString": return lineString(coordinates).geometry;
                case "Polygon": return polygon(coordinates).geometry;
                case "MultiPoint": return multiPoint(coordinates).geometry;
                case "MultiLineString": return multiLineString(coordinates).geometry;
                case "MultiPolygon": return multiPolygon(coordinates).geometry;
                default: throw new Error(type + " is invalid");
            }
        }
        exports.geometry = geometry;
        /**
         * Creates a {@link Point} {@link Feature} from a Position.
         *
         * @name point
         * @param {Array<number>} coordinates longitude, latitude position (each in decimal degrees)
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
         * @returns {Feature<Point>} a Point feature
         * @example
         * var point = turf.point([-75.343, 39.984]);
         *
         * //=point
         */
        function point(coordinates, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            var geom = {
                type: "Point",
                coordinates: coordinates,
            };
            return feature(geom, properties, options);
        }
        exports.point = point;
        /**
         * Creates a {@link Point} {@link FeatureCollection} from an Array of Point coordinates.
         *
         * @name points
         * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Points
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] Translate these properties to each Feature
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north]
         * associated with the FeatureCollection
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the FeatureCollection
         * @returns {FeatureCollection<Point>} Point Feature
         * @example
         * var points = turf.points([
         *   [-75, 39],
         *   [-80, 45],
         *   [-78, 50]
         * ]);
         *
         * //=points
         */
        function points(coordinates, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            return featureCollection(coordinates.map(function (coords) {
                return point(coords, properties);
            }), options);
        }
        exports.points = points;
        /**
         * Creates a {@link Polygon} {@link Feature} from an Array of LinearRings.
         *
         * @name polygon
         * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LinearRings
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
         * @returns {Feature<Polygon>} Polygon Feature
         * @example
         * var polygon = turf.polygon([[[-5, 52], [-4, 56], [-2, 51], [-7, 54], [-5, 52]]], { name: 'poly1' });
         *
         * //=polygon
         */
        function polygon(coordinates, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            for (var _i = 0, coordinates_1 = coordinates; _i < coordinates_1.length; _i++) {
                var ring = coordinates_1[_i];
                if (ring.length < 4) {
                    throw new Error("Each LinearRing of a Polygon must have 4 or more Positions.");
                }
                for (var j = 0; j < ring[ring.length - 1].length; j++) {
                    // Check if first point of Polygon contains two numbers
                    if (ring[ring.length - 1][j] !== ring[0][j]) {
                        throw new Error("First and last Position are not equivalent.");
                    }
                }
            }
            var geom = {
                type: "Polygon",
                coordinates: coordinates,
            };
            return feature(geom, properties, options);
        }
        exports.polygon = polygon;
        /**
         * Creates a {@link Polygon} {@link FeatureCollection} from an Array of Polygon coordinates.
         *
         * @name polygons
         * @param {Array<Array<Array<Array<number>>>>} coordinates an array of Polygon coordinates
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the FeatureCollection
         * @returns {FeatureCollection<Polygon>} Polygon FeatureCollection
         * @example
         * var polygons = turf.polygons([
         *   [[[-5, 52], [-4, 56], [-2, 51], [-7, 54], [-5, 52]]],
         *   [[[-15, 42], [-14, 46], [-12, 41], [-17, 44], [-15, 42]]],
         * ]);
         *
         * //=polygons
         */
        function polygons(coordinates, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            return featureCollection(coordinates.map(function (coords) {
                return polygon(coords, properties);
            }), options);
        }
        exports.polygons = polygons;
        /**
         * Creates a {@link LineString} {@link Feature} from an Array of Positions.
         *
         * @name lineString
         * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Positions
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
         * @returns {Feature<LineString>} LineString Feature
         * @example
         * var linestring1 = turf.lineString([[-24, 63], [-23, 60], [-25, 65], [-20, 69]], {name: 'line 1'});
         * var linestring2 = turf.lineString([[-14, 43], [-13, 40], [-15, 45], [-10, 49]], {name: 'line 2'});
         *
         * //=linestring1
         * //=linestring2
         */
        function lineString(coordinates, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            if (coordinates.length < 2) {
                throw new Error("coordinates must be an array of two or more positions");
            }
            var geom = {
                type: "LineString",
                coordinates: coordinates,
            };
            return feature(geom, properties, options);
        }
        exports.lineString = lineString;
        /**
         * Creates a {@link LineString} {@link FeatureCollection} from an Array of LineString coordinates.
         *
         * @name lineStrings
         * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LinearRings
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north]
         * associated with the FeatureCollection
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the FeatureCollection
         * @returns {FeatureCollection<LineString>} LineString FeatureCollection
         * @example
         * var linestrings = turf.lineStrings([
         *   [[-24, 63], [-23, 60], [-25, 65], [-20, 69]],
         *   [[-14, 43], [-13, 40], [-15, 45], [-10, 49]]
         * ]);
         *
         * //=linestrings
         */
        function lineStrings(coordinates, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            return featureCollection(coordinates.map(function (coords) {
                return lineString(coords, properties);
            }), options);
        }
        exports.lineStrings = lineStrings;
        /**
         * Takes one or more {@link Feature|Features} and creates a {@link FeatureCollection}.
         *
         * @name featureCollection
         * @param {Feature[]} features input features
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
         * @returns {FeatureCollection} FeatureCollection of Features
         * @example
         * var locationA = turf.point([-75.343, 39.984], {name: 'Location A'});
         * var locationB = turf.point([-75.833, 39.284], {name: 'Location B'});
         * var locationC = turf.point([-75.534, 39.123], {name: 'Location C'});
         *
         * var collection = turf.featureCollection([
         *   locationA,
         *   locationB,
         *   locationC
         * ]);
         *
         * //=collection
         */
        function featureCollection(features, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            var fc = { type: "FeatureCollection" };
            if (options.id) {
                fc.id = options.id;
            }
            if (options.bbox) {
                fc.bbox = options.bbox;
            }
            fc.features = features;
            return fc;
        }
        exports.featureCollection = featureCollection;
        /**
         * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiLineString>} based on a
         * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
         *
         * @name multiLineString
         * @param {Array<Array<Array<number>>>} coordinates an array of LineStrings
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
         * @returns {Feature<MultiLineString>} a MultiLineString feature
         * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
         * @example
         * var multiLine = turf.multiLineString([[[0,0],[10,10]]]);
         *
         * //=multiLine
         */
        function multiLineString(coordinates, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            var geom = {
                type: "MultiLineString",
                coordinates: coordinates,
            };
            return feature(geom, properties, options);
        }
        exports.multiLineString = multiLineString;
        /**
         * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiPoint>} based on a
         * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
         *
         * @name multiPoint
         * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coordinates an array of Positions
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
         * @returns {Feature<MultiPoint>} a MultiPoint feature
         * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
         * @example
         * var multiPt = turf.multiPoint([[0,0],[10,10]]);
         *
         * //=multiPt
         */
        function multiPoint(coordinates, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            var geom = {
                type: "MultiPoint",
                coordinates: coordinates,
            };
            return feature(geom, properties, options);
        }
        exports.multiPoint = multiPoint;
        /**
         * Creates a {@link Feature<MultiPolygon>} based on a
         * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
         *
         * @name multiPolygon
         * @param {Array<Array<Array<Array<number>>>>} coordinates an array of Polygons
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
         * @returns {Feature<MultiPolygon>} a multipolygon feature
         * @throws {Error} if no coordinates are passed
         * @example
         * var multiPoly = turf.multiPolygon([[[[0,0],[0,10],[10,10],[10,0],[0,0]]]]);
         *
         * //=multiPoly
         *
         */
        function multiPolygon(coordinates, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            var geom = {
                type: "MultiPolygon",
                coordinates: coordinates,
            };
            return feature(geom, properties, options);
        }
        exports.multiPolygon = multiPolygon;
        /**
         * Creates a {@link Feature<GeometryCollection>} based on a
         * coordinate array. Properties can be added optionally.
         *
         * @name geometryCollection
         * @param {Array<Geometry>} geometries an array of GeoJSON Geometries
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
         * @returns {Feature<GeometryCollection>} a GeoJSON GeometryCollection Feature
         * @example
         * var pt = turf.geometry("Point", [100, 0]);
         * var line = turf.geometry("LineString", [[101, 0], [102, 1]]);
         * var collection = turf.geometryCollection([pt, line]);
         *
         * // => collection
         */
        function geometryCollection(geometries, properties, options) {
            if (options === void 0) { options = {}; }
            var geom = {
                type: "GeometryCollection",
                geometries: geometries,
            };
            return feature(geom, properties, options);
        }
        exports.geometryCollection = geometryCollection;
        /**
         * Round number to precision
         *
         * @param {number} num Number
         * @param {number} [precision=0] Precision
         * @returns {number} rounded number
         * @example
         * turf.round(120.4321)
         * //=120
         *
         * turf.round(120.4321, 2)
         * //=120.43
         */
        function round(num, precision) {
            if (precision === void 0) { precision = 0; }
            if (precision && !(precision >= 0)) {
                throw new Error("precision must be a positive number");
            }
            var multiplier = Math.pow(10, precision || 0);
            return Math.round(num * multiplier) / multiplier;
        }
        exports.round = round;
        /**
         * Convert a distance measurement (assuming a spherical Earth) from radians to a more friendly unit.
         * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, kilometers, centimeters, feet
         *
         * @name radiansToLength
         * @param {number} radians in radians across the sphere
         * @param {string} [units="kilometers"] can be degrees, radians, miles, or kilometers inches, yards, metres,
         * meters, kilometres, kilometers.
         * @returns {number} distance
         */
        function radiansToLength(radians, units) {
            if (units === void 0) { units = "kilometers"; }
            var factor = exports.factors[units];
            if (!factor) {
                throw new Error(units + " units is invalid");
            }
            return radians * factor;
        }
        exports.radiansToLength = radiansToLength;
        /**
         * Convert a distance measurement (assuming a spherical Earth) from a real-world unit into radians
         * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, kilometers, centimeters, feet
         *
         * @name lengthToRadians
         * @param {number} distance in real units
         * @param {string} [units="kilometers"] can be degrees, radians, miles, or kilometers inches, yards, metres,
         * meters, kilometres, kilometers.
         * @returns {number} radians
         */
        function lengthToRadians(distance, units) {
            if (units === void 0) { units = "kilometers"; }
            var factor = exports.factors[units];
            if (!factor) {
                throw new Error(units + " units is invalid");
            }
            return distance / factor;
        }
        exports.lengthToRadians = lengthToRadians;
        /**
         * Convert a distance measurement (assuming a spherical Earth) from a real-world unit into degrees
         * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, centimeters, kilometres, feet
         *
         * @name lengthToDegrees
         * @param {number} distance in real units
         * @param {string} [units="kilometers"] can be degrees, radians, miles, or kilometers inches, yards, metres,
         * meters, kilometres, kilometers.
         * @returns {number} degrees
         */
        function lengthToDegrees(distance, units) {
            return radiansToDegrees(lengthToRadians(distance, units));
        }
        exports.lengthToDegrees = lengthToDegrees;
        /**
         * Converts any bearing angle from the north line direction (positive clockwise)
         * and returns an angle between 0-360 degrees (positive clockwise), 0 being the north line
         *
         * @name bearingToAzimuth
         * @param {number} bearing angle, between -180 and +180 degrees
         * @returns {number} angle between 0 and 360 degrees
         */
        function bearingToAzimuth(bearing) {
            var angle = bearing % 360;
            if (angle < 0) {
                angle += 360;
            }
            return angle;
        }
        exports.bearingToAzimuth = bearingToAzimuth;
        /**
         * Converts an angle in radians to degrees
         *
         * @name radiansToDegrees
         * @param {number} radians angle in radians
         * @returns {number} degrees between 0 and 360 degrees
         */
        function radiansToDegrees(radians) {
            var degrees = radians % (2 * Math.PI);
            return degrees * 180 / Math.PI;
        }
        exports.radiansToDegrees = radiansToDegrees;
        /**
         * Converts an angle in degrees to radians
         *
         * @name degreesToRadians
         * @param {number} degrees angle between 0 and 360 degrees
         * @returns {number} angle in radians
         */
        function degreesToRadians(degrees) {
            var radians = degrees % 360;
            return radians * Math.PI / 180;
        }
        exports.degreesToRadians = degreesToRadians;
        /**
         * Converts a length to the requested unit.
         * Valid units: miles, nauticalmiles, inches, yards, meters, metres, kilometers, centimeters, feet
         *
         * @param {number} length to be converted
         * @param {Units} [originalUnit="kilometers"] of the length
         * @param {Units} [finalUnit="kilometers"] returned unit
         * @returns {number} the converted length
         */
        function convertLength(length, originalUnit, finalUnit) {
            if (originalUnit === void 0) { originalUnit = "kilometers"; }
            if (finalUnit === void 0) { finalUnit = "kilometers"; }
            if (!(length >= 0)) {
                throw new Error("length must be a positive number");
            }
            return radiansToLength(lengthToRadians(length, originalUnit), finalUnit);
        }
        exports.convertLength = convertLength;
        /**
         * Converts a area to the requested unit.
         * Valid units: kilometers, kilometres, meters, metres, centimetres, millimeters, acres, miles, yards, feet, inches
         * @param {number} area to be converted
         * @param {Units} [originalUnit="meters"] of the distance
         * @param {Units} [finalUnit="kilometers"] returned unit
         * @returns {number} the converted distance
         */
        function convertArea(area, originalUnit, finalUnit) {
            if (originalUnit === void 0) { originalUnit = "meters"; }
            if (finalUnit === void 0) { finalUnit = "kilometers"; }
            if (!(area >= 0)) {
                throw new Error("area must be a positive number");
            }
            var startFactor = exports.areaFactors[originalUnit];
            if (!startFactor) {
                throw new Error("invalid original units");
            }
            var finalFactor = exports.areaFactors[finalUnit];
            if (!finalFactor) {
                throw new Error("invalid final units");
            }
            return (area / startFactor) * finalFactor;
        }
        exports.convertArea = convertArea;
        /**
         * isNumber
         *
         * @param {*} num Number to validate
         * @returns {boolean} true/false
         * @example
         * turf.isNumber(123)
         * //=true
         * turf.isNumber('foo')
         * //=false
         */
        function isNumber(num) {
            return !isNaN(num) && num !== null && !Array.isArray(num) && !/^\s*$/.test(num);
        }
        exports.isNumber = isNumber;
        /**
         * isObject
         *
         * @param {*} input variable to validate
         * @returns {boolean} true/false
         * @example
         * turf.isObject({elevation: 10})
         * //=true
         * turf.isObject('foo')
         * //=false
         */
        function isObject(input) {
            return (!!input) && (input.constructor === Object);
        }
        exports.isObject = isObject;
        /**
         * Validate BBox
         *
         * @private
         * @param {Array<number>} bbox BBox to validate
         * @returns {void}
         * @throws Error if BBox is not valid
         * @example
         * validateBBox([-180, -40, 110, 50])
         * //=OK
         * validateBBox([-180, -40])
         * //=Error
         * validateBBox('Foo')
         * //=Error
         * validateBBox(5)
         * //=Error
         * validateBBox(null)
         * //=Error
         * validateBBox(undefined)
         * //=Error
         */
        function validateBBox(bbox) {
            if (!bbox) {
                throw new Error("bbox is required");
            }
            if (!Array.isArray(bbox)) {
                throw new Error("bbox must be an Array");
            }
            if (bbox.length !== 4 && bbox.length !== 6) {
                throw new Error("bbox must be an Array of 4 or 6 numbers");
            }
            bbox.forEach(function (num) {
                if (!isNumber(num)) {
                    throw new Error("bbox must only contain numbers");
                }
            });
        }
        exports.validateBBox = validateBBox;
        /**
         * Validate Id
         *
         * @private
         * @param {string|number} id Id to validate
         * @returns {void}
         * @throws Error if Id is not valid
         * @example
         * validateId([-180, -40, 110, 50])
         * //=Error
         * validateId([-180, -40])
         * //=Error
         * validateId('Foo')
         * //=OK
         * validateId(5)
         * //=OK
         * validateId(null)
         * //=Error
         * validateId(undefined)
         * //=Error
         */
        function validateId(id) {
            if (!id) {
                throw new Error("id is required");
            }
            if (["string", "number"].indexOf(typeof id) === -1) {
                throw new Error("id must be a number or a string");
            }
        }
        exports.validateId = validateId;
        // Deprecated methods
        function radians2degrees() {
            throw new Error("method has been renamed to `radiansToDegrees`");
        }
        exports.radians2degrees = radians2degrees;
        function degrees2radians() {
            throw new Error("method has been renamed to `degreesToRadians`");
        }
        exports.degrees2radians = degrees2radians;
        function distanceToDegrees() {
            throw new Error("method has been renamed to `lengthToDegrees`");
        }
        exports.distanceToDegrees = distanceToDegrees;
        function distanceToRadians() {
            throw new Error("method has been renamed to `lengthToRadians`");
        }
        exports.distanceToRadians = distanceToRadians;
        function radiansToDistance() {
            throw new Error("method has been renamed to `radiansToLength`");
        }
        exports.radiansToDistance = radiansToDistance;
        function bearingToAngle() {
            throw new Error("method has been renamed to `bearingToAzimuth`");
        }
        exports.bearingToAngle = bearingToAngle;
        function convertDistance() {
            throw new Error("method has been renamed to `convertLength`");
        }
        exports.convertDistance = convertDistance;
        });

        var invariant = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });

        /**
         * Unwrap a coordinate from a Point Feature, Geometry or a single coordinate.
         *
         * @name getCoord
         * @param {Array<number>|Geometry<Point>|Feature<Point>} coord GeoJSON Point or an Array of numbers
         * @returns {Array<number>} coordinates
         * @example
         * var pt = turf.point([10, 10]);
         *
         * var coord = turf.getCoord(pt);
         * //= [10, 10]
         */
        function getCoord(coord) {
            if (!coord) {
                throw new Error("coord is required");
            }
            if (!Array.isArray(coord)) {
                if (coord.type === "Feature" && coord.geometry !== null && coord.geometry.type === "Point") {
                    return coord.geometry.coordinates;
                }
                if (coord.type === "Point") {
                    return coord.coordinates;
                }
            }
            if (Array.isArray(coord) && coord.length >= 2 && !Array.isArray(coord[0]) && !Array.isArray(coord[1])) {
                return coord;
            }
            throw new Error("coord must be GeoJSON Point or an Array of numbers");
        }
        exports.getCoord = getCoord;
        /**
         * Unwrap coordinates from a Feature, Geometry Object or an Array
         *
         * @name getCoords
         * @param {Array<any>|Geometry|Feature} coords Feature, Geometry Object or an Array
         * @returns {Array<any>} coordinates
         * @example
         * var poly = turf.polygon([[[119.32, -8.7], [119.55, -8.69], [119.51, -8.54], [119.32, -8.7]]]);
         *
         * var coords = turf.getCoords(poly);
         * //= [[[119.32, -8.7], [119.55, -8.69], [119.51, -8.54], [119.32, -8.7]]]
         */
        function getCoords(coords) {
            if (Array.isArray(coords)) {
                return coords;
            }
            // Feature
            if (coords.type === "Feature") {
                if (coords.geometry !== null) {
                    return coords.geometry.coordinates;
                }
            }
            else {
                // Geometry
                if (coords.coordinates) {
                    return coords.coordinates;
                }
            }
            throw new Error("coords must be GeoJSON Feature, Geometry Object or an Array");
        }
        exports.getCoords = getCoords;
        /**
         * Checks if coordinates contains a number
         *
         * @name containsNumber
         * @param {Array<any>} coordinates GeoJSON Coordinates
         * @returns {boolean} true if Array contains a number
         */
        function containsNumber(coordinates) {
            if (coordinates.length > 1 && helpers$1.isNumber(coordinates[0]) && helpers$1.isNumber(coordinates[1])) {
                return true;
            }
            if (Array.isArray(coordinates[0]) && coordinates[0].length) {
                return containsNumber(coordinates[0]);
            }
            throw new Error("coordinates must only contain numbers");
        }
        exports.containsNumber = containsNumber;
        /**
         * Enforce expectations about types of GeoJSON objects for Turf.
         *
         * @name geojsonType
         * @param {GeoJSON} value any GeoJSON object
         * @param {string} type expected GeoJSON type
         * @param {string} name name of calling function
         * @throws {Error} if value is not the expected type.
         */
        function geojsonType(value, type, name) {
            if (!type || !name) {
                throw new Error("type and name required");
            }
            if (!value || value.type !== type) {
                throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ": must be a " + type + ", given " + value.type);
            }
        }
        exports.geojsonType = geojsonType;
        /**
         * Enforce expectations about types of {@link Feature} inputs for Turf.
         * Internally this uses {@link geojsonType} to judge geometry types.
         *
         * @name featureOf
         * @param {Feature} feature a feature with an expected geometry type
         * @param {string} type expected GeoJSON type
         * @param {string} name name of calling function
         * @throws {Error} error if value is not the expected type.
         */
        function featureOf(feature, type, name) {
            if (!feature) {
                throw new Error("No feature passed");
            }
            if (!name) {
                throw new Error(".featureOf() requires a name");
            }
            if (!feature || feature.type !== "Feature" || !feature.geometry) {
                throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ", Feature with geometry required");
            }
            if (!feature.geometry || feature.geometry.type !== type) {
                throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ": must be a " + type + ", given " + feature.geometry.type);
            }
        }
        exports.featureOf = featureOf;
        /**
         * Enforce expectations about types of {@link FeatureCollection} inputs for Turf.
         * Internally this uses {@link geojsonType} to judge geometry types.
         *
         * @name collectionOf
         * @param {FeatureCollection} featureCollection a FeatureCollection for which features will be judged
         * @param {string} type expected GeoJSON type
         * @param {string} name name of calling function
         * @throws {Error} if value is not the expected type.
         */
        function collectionOf(featureCollection, type, name) {
            if (!featureCollection) {
                throw new Error("No featureCollection passed");
            }
            if (!name) {
                throw new Error(".collectionOf() requires a name");
            }
            if (!featureCollection || featureCollection.type !== "FeatureCollection") {
                throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ", FeatureCollection required");
            }
            for (var _i = 0, _a = featureCollection.features; _i < _a.length; _i++) {
                var feature = _a[_i];
                if (!feature || feature.type !== "Feature" || !feature.geometry) {
                    throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ", Feature with geometry required");
                }
                if (!feature.geometry || feature.geometry.type !== type) {
                    throw new Error("Invalid input to " + name + ": must be a " + type + ", given " + feature.geometry.type);
                }
            }
        }
        exports.collectionOf = collectionOf;
        /**
         * Get Geometry from Feature or Geometry Object
         *
         * @param {Feature|Geometry} geojson GeoJSON Feature or Geometry Object
         * @returns {Geometry|null} GeoJSON Geometry Object
         * @throws {Error} if geojson is not a Feature or Geometry Object
         * @example
         * var point = {
         *   "type": "Feature",
         *   "properties": {},
         *   "geometry": {
         *     "type": "Point",
         *     "coordinates": [110, 40]
         *   }
         * }
         * var geom = turf.getGeom(point)
         * //={"type": "Point", "coordinates": [110, 40]}
         */
        function getGeom(geojson) {
            if (geojson.type === "Feature") {
                return geojson.geometry;
            }
            return geojson;
        }
        exports.getGeom = getGeom;
        /**
         * Get GeoJSON object's type, Geometry type is prioritize.
         *
         * @param {GeoJSON} geojson GeoJSON object
         * @param {string} [name="geojson"] name of the variable to display in error message
         * @returns {string} GeoJSON type
         * @example
         * var point = {
         *   "type": "Feature",
         *   "properties": {},
         *   "geometry": {
         *     "type": "Point",
         *     "coordinates": [110, 40]
         *   }
         * }
         * var geom = turf.getType(point)
         * //="Point"
         */
        function getType(geojson, name) {
            if (geojson.type === "FeatureCollection") {
                return "FeatureCollection";
            }
            if (geojson.type === "GeometryCollection") {
                return "GeometryCollection";
            }
            if (geojson.type === "Feature" && geojson.geometry !== null) {
                return geojson.geometry.type;
            }
            return geojson.type;
        }
        exports.getType = getType;
        });

        var lineclip_1 = lineclip;
        var _default = lineclip;

        lineclip.polyline = lineclip;
        lineclip.polygon = polygonclip;


        // Cohen-Sutherland line clippign algorithm, adapted to efficiently
        // handle polylines rather than just segments

        function lineclip(points, bbox, result) {

            var len = points.length,
                codeA = bitCode(points[0], bbox),
                part = [],
                i, a, b, codeB, lastCode;

            if (!result) { result = []; }

            for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
                a = points[i - 1];
                b = points[i];
                codeB = lastCode = bitCode(b, bbox);

                while (true) {

                    if (!(codeA | codeB)) { // accept
                        part.push(a);

                        if (codeB !== lastCode) { // segment went outside
                            part.push(b);

                            if (i < len - 1) { // start a new line
                                result.push(part);
                                part = [];
                            }
                        } else if (i === len - 1) {
                            part.push(b);
                        }
                        break;

                    } else if (codeA & codeB) { // trivial reject
                        break;

                    } else if (codeA) { // a outside, intersect with clip edge
                        a = intersect(a, b, codeA, bbox);
                        codeA = bitCode(a, bbox);

                    } else { // b outside
                        b = intersect(a, b, codeB, bbox);
                        codeB = bitCode(b, bbox);
                    }
                }

                codeA = lastCode;
            }

            if (part.length) { result.push(part); }

            return result;
        }

        // Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm

        function polygonclip(points, bbox) {

            var result, edge, prev, prevInside, i, p, inside;

            // clip against each side of the clip rectangle
            for (edge = 1; edge <= 8; edge *= 2) {
                result = [];
                prev = points[points.length - 1];
                prevInside = !(bitCode(prev, bbox) & edge);

                for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
                    p = points[i];
                    inside = !(bitCode(p, bbox) & edge);

                    // if segment goes through the clip window, add an intersection
                    if (inside !== prevInside) { result.push(intersect(prev, p, edge, bbox)); }

                    if (inside) { result.push(p); } // add a point if it's inside

                    prev = p;
                    prevInside = inside;
                }

                points = result;

                if (!points.length) { break; }
            }

            return result;
        }

        // intersect a segment against one of the 4 lines that make up the bbox

        function intersect(a, b, edge, bbox) {
            return edge & 8 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[3] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[3]] : // top
                   edge & 4 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[1] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[1]] : // bottom
                   edge & 2 ? [bbox[2], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[2] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // right
                   edge & 1 ? [bbox[0], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[0] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // left
                   null;
        }

        // bit code reflects the point position relative to the bbox:

        //         left  mid  right
        //    top  1001  1000  1010
        //    mid  0001  0000  0010
        // bottom  0101  0100  0110

        function bitCode(p, bbox) {
            var code = 0;

            if (p[0] < bbox[0]) { code |= 1; } // left
            else if (p[0] > bbox[2]) { code |= 2; } // right

            if (p[1] < bbox[1]) { code |= 4; } // bottom
            else if (p[1] > bbox[3]) { code |= 8; } // top

            return code;
        }
        lineclip_1.default = _default;

        var bboxClip_1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        var __importStar = (commonjsGlobal && commonjsGlobal.__importStar) || function (mod) {
            if (mod && mod.__esModule) { return mod; }
            var result = {};
            if (mod != null) { for (var k in mod) { if (Object.hasOwnProperty.call(mod, k)) { result[k] = mod[k]; } } }
            result["default"] = mod;
            return result;
        };
        Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });


        var lineclip = __importStar(lineclip_1);
        /**
         * Takes a {@link Feature} and a bbox and clips the feature to the bbox using
         * [lineclip](https://github.com/mapbox/lineclip).
         * May result in degenerate edges when clipping Polygons.
         *
         * @name bboxClip
         * @param {Feature<LineString|MultiLineString|Polygon|MultiPolygon>} feature feature to clip to the bbox
         * @param {BBox} bbox extent in [minX, minY, maxX, maxY] order
         * @returns {Feature<LineString|MultiLineString|Polygon|MultiPolygon>} clipped Feature
         * @example
         * var bbox = [0, 0, 10, 10];
         * var poly = turf.polygon([[[2, 2], [8, 4], [12, 8], [3, 7], [2, 2]]]);
         *
         * var clipped = turf.bboxClip(poly, bbox);
         *
         * //addToMap
         * var addToMap = [bbox, poly, clipped]
         */
        function bboxClip(feature, bbox) {
            var geom = invariant.getGeom(feature);
            var type = geom.type;
            var properties = feature.type === "Feature" ? feature.properties : {};
            var coords = geom.coordinates;
            switch (type) {
                case "LineString":
                case "MultiLineString":
                    var lines_1 = [];
                    if (type === "LineString") {
                        coords = [coords];
                    }
                    coords.forEach(function (line) {
                        lineclip.polyline(line, bbox, lines_1);
                    });
                    if (lines_1.length === 1) {
                        return helpers$1.lineString(lines_1[0], properties);
                    }
                    return helpers$1.multiLineString(lines_1, properties);
                case "Polygon":
                    return helpers$1.polygon(clipPolygon(coords, bbox), properties);
                case "MultiPolygon":
                    return helpers$1.multiPolygon(coords.map(function (poly) {
                        return clipPolygon(poly, bbox);
                    }), properties);
                default:
                    throw new Error("geometry " + type + " not supported");
            }
        }
        exports.default = bboxClip;
        function clipPolygon(rings, bbox) {
            var outRings = [];
            for (var _i = 0, rings_1 = rings; _i < rings_1.length; _i++) {
                var ring = rings_1[_i];
                var clipped = lineclip.polygon(ring, bbox);
                if (clipped.length > 0) {
                    if (clipped[0][0] !== clipped[clipped.length - 1][0] || clipped[0][1] !== clipped[clipped.length - 1][1]) {
                        clipped.push(clipped[0]);
                    }
                    if (clipped.length >= 4) {
                        outRings.push(clipped);
                    }
                }
            }
            return outRings;
        }
        });

        var turf_bboxClip = /*@__PURE__*/getDefaultExportFromCjs(bboxClip_1);

        var fastJsonStableStringify = function (data, opts) {
            if (!opts) { opts = {}; }
            if (typeof opts === 'function') { opts = { cmp: opts }; }
            var cycles = (typeof opts.cycles === 'boolean') ? opts.cycles : false;

            var cmp = opts.cmp && (function (f) {
                return function (node) {
                    return function (a, b) {
                        var aobj = { key: a, value: node[a] };
                        var bobj = { key: b, value: node[b] };
                        return f(aobj, bobj);
                    };
                };
            })(opts.cmp);

            var seen = [];
            return (function stringify (node) {
                if (node && node.toJSON && typeof node.toJSON === 'function') {
                    node = node.toJSON();
                }

                if (node === undefined) { return; }
                if (typeof node == 'number') { return isFinite(node) ? '' + node : 'null'; }
                if (typeof node !== 'object') { return JSON.stringify(node); }

                var i, out;
                if (Array.isArray(node)) {
                    out = '[';
                    for (i = 0; i < node.length; i++) {
                        if (i) { out += ','; }
                        out += stringify(node[i]) || 'null';
                    }
                    return out + ']';
                }

                if (node === null) { return 'null'; }

                if (seen.indexOf(node) !== -1) {
                    if (cycles) { return JSON.stringify('__cycle__'); }
                    throw new TypeError('Converting circular structure to JSON');
                }

                var seenIndex = seen.push(node) - 1;
                var keys = Object.keys(node).sort(cmp && cmp(node));
                out = '';
                for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
                    var key = keys[i];
                    var value = stringify(node[key]);

                    if (!value) { continue; }
                    if (out) { out += ','; }
                    out += JSON.stringify(key) + ':' + value;
                }
                seen.splice(seenIndex, 1);
                return '{' + out + '}';
            })(data);
        };

        function DEFAULT_COMPARE (a, b) { return a > b ? 1 : a < b ? -1 : 0; }

        var SplayTree = function SplayTree(compare, noDuplicates) {
          if ( compare === void 0 ) compare = DEFAULT_COMPARE;
          if ( noDuplicates === void 0 ) noDuplicates = false;

          this._compare = compare;
          this._root = null;
          this._size = 0;
          this._noDuplicates = !!noDuplicates;
        };

        var prototypeAccessors = { size: { configurable: true } };


        SplayTree.prototype.rotateLeft = function rotateLeft (x) {
          var y = x.right;
          if (y) {
            x.right = y.left;
            if (y.left) { y.left.parent = x; }
            y.parent = x.parent;
          }

          if (!x.parent)              { this._root = y; }
          else if (x === x.parent.left) { x.parent.left = y; }
          else                        { x.parent.right = y; }
          if (y) { y.left = x; }
          x.parent = y;
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.rotateRight = function rotateRight (x) {
          var y = x.left;
          if (y) {
            x.left = y.right;
            if (y.right) { y.right.parent = x; }
            y.parent = x.parent;
          }

          if (!x.parent)             { this._root = y; }
          else if(x === x.parent.left) { x.parent.left = y; }
          else                       { x.parent.right = y; }
          if (y) { y.right = x; }
          x.parent = y;
        };


        SplayTree.prototype._splay = function _splay (x) {
          while (x.parent) {
            var p = x.parent;
            if (!p.parent) {
              if (p.left === x) { this.rotateRight(p); }
              else            { this.rotateLeft(p); }
            } else if (p.left === x && p.parent.left === p) {
              this.rotateRight(p.parent);
              this.rotateRight(p);
            } else if (p.right === x && p.parent.right === p) {
              this.rotateLeft(p.parent);
              this.rotateLeft(p);
            } else if (p.left === x && p.parent.right === p) {
              this.rotateRight(p);
              this.rotateLeft(p);
            } else {
              this.rotateLeft(p);
              this.rotateRight(p);
            }
          }
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.splay = function splay (x) {
          var p, gp, ggp, l, r;

          while (x.parent) {
            p = x.parent;
            gp = p.parent;

            if (gp && gp.parent) {
              ggp = gp.parent;
              if (ggp.left === gp) { ggp.left= x; }
              else               { ggp.right = x; }
              x.parent = ggp;
            } else {
              x.parent = null;
              this._root = x;
            }

            l = x.left; r = x.right;

            if (x === p.left) { // left
              if (gp) {
                if (gp.left === p) {
                  /* zig-zig */
                  if (p.right) {
                    gp.left = p.right;
                    gp.left.parent = gp;
                  } else { gp.left = null; }

                  p.right = gp;
                  gp.parent = p;
                } else {
                  /* zig-zag */
                  if (l) {
                    gp.right = l;
                    l.parent = gp;
                  } else { gp.right = null; }

                  x.left  = gp;
                  gp.parent = x;
                }
              }
              if (r) {
                p.left = r;
                r.parent = p;
              } else { p.left = null; }

              x.right= p;
              p.parent = x;
            } else { // right
              if (gp) {
                if (gp.right === p) {
                  /* zig-zig */
                  if (p.left) {
                    gp.right = p.left;
                    gp.right.parent = gp;
                  } else { gp.right = null; }

                  p.left = gp;
                  gp.parent = p;
                } else {
                  /* zig-zag */
                  if (r) {
                    gp.left = r;
                    r.parent = gp;
                  } else { gp.left = null; }

                  x.right = gp;
                  gp.parent = x;
                }
              }
              if (l) {
                p.right = l;
                l.parent = p;
              } else { p.right = null; }

              x.left = p;
              p.parent = x;
            }
          }
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.replace = function replace (u, v) {
          if (!u.parent) { this._root = v; }
          else if (u === u.parent.left) { u.parent.left = v; }
          else { u.parent.right = v; }
          if (v) { v.parent = u.parent; }
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.minNode = function minNode (u) {
            if ( u === void 0 ) u = this._root;

          if (u) { while (u.left) { u = u.left; } }
          return u;
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.maxNode = function maxNode (u) {
            if ( u === void 0 ) u = this._root;

          if (u) { while (u.right) { u = u.right; } }
          return u;
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.insert = function insert (key, data) {
          var z = this._root;
          var p = null;
          var comp = this._compare;
          var cmp;

          if (this._noDuplicates) {
            while (z) {
              p = z;
              cmp = comp(z.key, key);
              if (cmp === 0) { return; }
              else if (comp(z.key, key) < 0) { z = z.right; }
              else { z = z.left; }
            }
          } else {
            while (z) {
              p = z;
              if (comp(z.key, key) < 0) { z = z.right; }
              else { z = z.left; }
            }
          }

          z = { key: key, data: data, left: null, right: null, parent: p };

          if (!p)                        { this._root = z; }
          else if (comp(p.key, z.key) < 0) { p.right = z; }
          else                           { p.left= z; }

          this.splay(z);
          this._size++;
          return z;
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.find = function find (key) {
          var z  = this._root;
          var comp = this._compare;
          while (z) {
            var cmp = comp(z.key, key);
            if    (cmp < 0) { z = z.right; }
            else if (cmp > 0) { z = z.left; }
            else            { return z; }
          }
          return null;
        };

        /**
         * Whether the tree contains a node with the given key
         * @param{Key} key
         * @return {boolean} true/false
         */
        SplayTree.prototype.contains = function contains (key) {
          var node     = this._root;
          var comparator = this._compare;
          while (node){
            var cmp = comparator(key, node.key);
            if    (cmp === 0) { return true; }
            else if (cmp < 0) { node = node.left; }
            else              { node = node.right; }
          }

          return false;
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.remove = function remove (key) {
          var z = this.find(key);

          if (!z) { return false; }

          this.splay(z);

          if (!z.left) { this.replace(z, z.right); }
          else if (!z.right) { this.replace(z, z.left); }
          else {
            var y = this.minNode(z.right);
            if (y.parent !== z) {
              this.replace(y, y.right);
              y.right = z.right;
              y.right.parent = y;
            }
            this.replace(z, y);
            y.left = z.left;
            y.left.parent = y;
          }

          this._size--;
          return true;
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.removeNode = function removeNode (z) {
          if (!z) { return false; }

          this.splay(z);

          if (!z.left) { this.replace(z, z.right); }
          else if (!z.right) { this.replace(z, z.left); }
          else {
            var y = this.minNode(z.right);
            if (y.parent !== z) {
              this.replace(y, y.right);
              y.right = z.right;
              y.right.parent = y;
            }
            this.replace(z, y);
            y.left = z.left;
            y.left.parent = y;
          }

          this._size--;
          return true;
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.erase = function erase (key) {
          var z = this.find(key);
          if (!z) { return; }

          this.splay(z);

          var s = z.left;
          var t = z.right;

          var sMax = null;
          if (s) {
            s.parent = null;
            sMax = this.maxNode(s);
            this.splay(sMax);
            this._root = sMax;
          }
          if (t) {
            if (s) { sMax.right = t; }
            else { this._root = t; }
            t.parent = sMax;
          }

          this._size--;
        };

        /**
         * Removes and returns the node with smallest key
         * @return {?Node}
         */
        SplayTree.prototype.pop = function pop () {
          var node = this._root, returnValue = null;
          if (node) {
            while (node.left) { node = node.left; }
            returnValue = { key: node.key, data: node.data };
            this.remove(node.key);
          }
          return returnValue;
        };


        /* eslint-disable class-methods-use-this */

        /**
         * Successor node
         * @param{Node} node
         * @return {?Node}
         */
        SplayTree.prototype.next = function next (node) {
          var successor = node;
          if (successor) {
            if (successor.right) {
              successor = successor.right;
              while (successor && successor.left) { successor = successor.left; }
            } else {
              successor = node.parent;
              while (successor && successor.right === node) {
                node = successor; successor = successor.parent;
              }
            }
          }
          return successor;
        };


        /**
         * Predecessor node
         * @param{Node} node
         * @return {?Node}
         */
        SplayTree.prototype.prev = function prev (node) {
          var predecessor = node;
          if (predecessor) {
            if (predecessor.left) {
              predecessor = predecessor.left;
              while (predecessor && predecessor.right) { predecessor = predecessor.right; }
            } else {
              predecessor = node.parent;
              while (predecessor && predecessor.left === node) {
                node = predecessor;
                predecessor = predecessor.parent;
              }
            }
          }
          return predecessor;
        };
        /* eslint-enable class-methods-use-this */


        /**
         * @param{forEachCallback} callback
         * @return {SplayTree}
         */
        SplayTree.prototype.forEach = function forEach (callback) {
          var current = this._root;
          var s = [], done = false, i = 0;

          while (!done) {
            // Reach the left most Node of the current Node
            if (current) {
              // Place pointer to a tree node on the stack
              // before traversing the node's left subtree
              s.push(current);
              current = current.left;
            } else {
              // BackTrack from the empty subtree and visit the Node
              // at the top of the stack; however, if the stack is
              // empty you are done
              if (s.length > 0) {
                current = s.pop();
                callback(current, i++);

                // We have visited the node and its left
                // subtree. Now, it's right subtree's turn
                current = current.right;
              } else { done = true; }
            }
          }
          return this;
        };


        /**
         * Walk key range from `low` to `high`. Stops if `fn` returns a value.
         * @param{Key}    low
         * @param{Key}    high
         * @param{Function} fn
         * @param{*?}     ctx
         * @return {SplayTree}
         */
        SplayTree.prototype.range = function range (low, high, fn, ctx) {
          var Q = [];
          var compare = this._compare;
          var node = this._root, cmp;

          while (Q.length !== 0 || node) {
            if (node) {
              Q.push(node);
              node = node.left;
            } else {
              node = Q.pop();
              cmp = compare(node.key, high);
              if (cmp > 0) {
                break;
              } else if (compare(node.key, low) >= 0) {
                if (fn.call(ctx, node)) { return this; } // stop if smth is returned
              }
              node = node.right;
            }
          }
          return this;
        };

        /**
         * Returns all keys in order
         * @return {Array<Key>}
         */
        SplayTree.prototype.keys = function keys () {
          var current = this._root;
          var s = [], r = [], done = false;

          while (!done) {
            if (current) {
              s.push(current);
              current = current.left;
            } else {
              if (s.length > 0) {
                current = s.pop();
                r.push(current.key);
                current = current.right;
              } else { done = true; }
            }
          }
          return r;
        };


        /**
         * Returns `data` fields of all nodes in order.
         * @return {Array<Value>}
         */
        SplayTree.prototype.values = function values () {
          var current = this._root;
          var s = [], r = [], done = false;

          while (!done) {
            if (current) {
              s.push(current);
              current = current.left;
            } else {
              if (s.length > 0) {
                current = s.pop();
                r.push(current.data);
                current = current.right;
              } else { done = true; }
            }
          }
          return r;
        };


        /**
         * Returns node at given index
         * @param{number} index
         * @return {?Node}
         */
        SplayTree.prototype.at = function at (index) {
          // removed after a consideration, more misleading than useful
          // index = index % this.size;
          // if (index < 0) index = this.size - index;

          var current = this._root;
          var s = [], done = false, i = 0;

          while (!done) {
            if (current) {
              s.push(current);
              current = current.left;
            } else {
              if (s.length > 0) {
                current = s.pop();
                if (i === index) { return current; }
                i++;
                current = current.right;
              } else { done = true; }
            }
          }
          return null;
        };

        /**
         * Bulk-load items. Both array have to be same size
         * @param{Array<Key>}  keys
         * @param{Array<Value>}[values]
         * @param{Boolean}     [presort=false] Pre-sort keys and values, using
         *                                       tree's comparator. Sorting is done
         *                                       in-place
         * @return {AVLTree}
         */
        SplayTree.prototype.load = function load (keys, values, presort) {
            if ( keys === void 0 ) keys = [];
            if ( values === void 0 ) values = [];
            if ( presort === void 0 ) presort = false;

          if (this._size !== 0) { throw new Error('bulk-load: tree is not empty'); }
          var size = keys.length;
          if (presort) { sort(keys, values, 0, size - 1, this._compare); }
          this._root = loadRecursive(null, keys, values, 0, size);
          this._size = size;
          return this;
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.min = function min () {
          var node = this.minNode(this._root);
          if (node) { return node.key; }
          else    { return null; }
        };


        SplayTree.prototype.max = function max () {
          var node = this.maxNode(this._root);
          if (node) { return node.key; }
          else    { return null; }
        };

        SplayTree.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () { return this._root === null; };
        prototypeAccessors.size.get = function () { return this._size; };


        /**
         * Create a tree and load it with items
         * @param{Array<Key>}        keys
         * @param{Array<Value>?}      [values]

         * @param{Function?}          [comparator]
         * @param{Boolean?}           [presort=false] Pre-sort keys and values, using
         *                                             tree's comparator. Sorting is done
         *                                             in-place
         * @param{Boolean?}           [noDuplicates=false] Allow duplicates
         * @return {SplayTree}
         */
        SplayTree.createTree = function createTree (keys, values, comparator, presort, noDuplicates) {
          return new SplayTree(comparator, noDuplicates).load(keys, values, presort);
        };

        Object.defineProperties( SplayTree.prototype, prototypeAccessors );


        function loadRecursive (parent, keys, values, start, end) {
          var size = end - start;
          if (size > 0) {
            var middle = start + Math.floor(size / 2);
            var key    = keys[middle];
            var data   = values[middle];
            var node   = { key: key, data: data, parent: parent };
            node.left    = loadRecursive(node, keys, values, start, middle);
            node.right   = loadRecursive(node, keys, values, middle + 1, end);
            return node;
          }
          return null;
        }


        function sort(keys, values, left, right, compare) {
          if (left >= right) { return; }

          var pivot = keys[(left + right) >> 1];
          var i = left - 1;
          var j = right + 1;

          while (true) {
            do { i++; } while (compare(keys[i], pivot) < 0);
            do { j--; } while (compare(keys[j], pivot) > 0);
            if (i >= j) { break; }

            var tmp = keys[i];
            keys[i] = keys[j];
            keys[j] = tmp;

            tmp = values[i];
            values[i] = values[j];
            values[j] = tmp;
          }

          sort(keys, values,  left,     j, compare);
          sort(keys, values, j + 1, right, compare);
        }

        var NORMAL               = 0;
        var NON_CONTRIBUTING     = 1;
        var SAME_TRANSITION      = 2;
        var DIFFERENT_TRANSITION = 3;

        var INTERSECTION = 0;
        var UNION        = 1;
        var DIFFERENCE   = 2;
        var XOR          = 3;

        /**
         * @param  {SweepEvent} event
         * @param  {SweepEvent} prev
         * @param  {Operation} operation
         */
        function computeFields (event, prev, operation) {
          // compute inOut and otherInOut fields
          if (prev === null) {
            event.inOut      = false;
            event.otherInOut = true;

          // previous line segment in sweepline belongs to the same polygon
          } else {
            if (event.isSubject === prev.isSubject) {
              event.inOut      = !prev.inOut;
              event.otherInOut = prev.otherInOut;

            // previous line segment in sweepline belongs to the clipping polygon
            } else {
              event.inOut      = !prev.otherInOut;
              event.otherInOut = prev.isVertical() ? !prev.inOut : prev.inOut;
            }

            // compute prevInResult field
            if (prev) {
              event.prevInResult = (!inResult(prev, operation) || prev.isVertical())
                ? prev.prevInResult : prev;
            }
          }

          // check if the line segment belongs to the Boolean operation
          var isInResult = inResult(event, operation);
          if (isInResult) {
            event.resultTransition = determineResultTransition(event, operation);
          } else {
            event.resultTransition = 0;
          }
        }


        /* eslint-disable indent */
        function inResult(event, operation) {
          switch (event.type) {
            case NORMAL:
              switch (operation) {
                case INTERSECTION:
                  return !event.otherInOut;
                case UNION:
                  return event.otherInOut;
                case DIFFERENCE:
                  // return (event.isSubject && !event.otherInOut) ||
                  //         (!event.isSubject && event.otherInOut);
                  return (event.isSubject && event.otherInOut) ||
                          (!event.isSubject && !event.otherInOut);
                case XOR:
                  return true;
              }
              break;
            case SAME_TRANSITION:
              return operation === INTERSECTION || operation === UNION;
            case DIFFERENT_TRANSITION:
              return operation === DIFFERENCE;
            case NON_CONTRIBUTING:
              return false;
          }
          return false;
        }
        /* eslint-enable indent */


        function determineResultTransition(event, operation) {
          var thisIn = !event.inOut;
          var thatIn = !event.otherInOut;

          var isIn;
          switch (operation) {
            case INTERSECTION:
              isIn = thisIn && thatIn; break;
            case UNION:
              isIn = thisIn || thatIn; break;
            case XOR:
              isIn = thisIn ^ thatIn; break;
            case DIFFERENCE:
              if (event.isSubject) {
                isIn = thisIn && !thatIn;
              } else {
                isIn = thatIn && !thisIn;
              }
              break;
          }
          return isIn ? +1 : -1;
        }

        var SweepEvent = function SweepEvent (point, left, otherEvent, isSubject, edgeType) {

          /**
           * Is left endpoint?
           * @type {Boolean}
           */
          this.left = left;

          /**
           * @type {Array.<Number>}
           */
          this.point = point;

          /**
           * Other edge reference
           * @type {SweepEvent}
           */
          this.otherEvent = otherEvent;

          /**
           * Belongs to source or clipping polygon
           * @type {Boolean}
           */
          this.isSubject = isSubject;

          /**
           * Edge contribution type
           * @type {Number}
           */
          this.type = edgeType || NORMAL;


          /**
           * In-out transition for the sweepline crossing polygon
           * @type {Boolean}
           */
          this.inOut = false;


          /**
           * @type {Boolean}
           */
          this.otherInOut = false;

          /**
           * Previous event in result?
           * @type {SweepEvent}
           */
          this.prevInResult = null;

          /**
           * Type of result transition (0 = not in result, +1 = out-in, -1, in-out)
           * @type {Number}
           */
          this.resultTransition = 0;

          // connection step

          /**
           * @type {Number}
           */
          this.otherPos = -1;

          /**
           * @type {Number}
           */
          this.outputContourId = -1;

          this.isExteriorRing = true; // TODO: Looks unused, remove?
        };

        var prototypeAccessors$1 = { inResult: { configurable: true } };


        /**
         * @param{Array.<Number>}p
         * @return {Boolean}
         */
        SweepEvent.prototype.isBelow = function isBelow (p) {
          var p0 = this.point, p1 = this.otherEvent.point;
          return this.left
            ? (p0[0] - p[0]) * (p1[1] - p[1]) - (p1[0] - p[0]) * (p0[1] - p[1]) > 0
            // signedArea(this.point, this.otherEvent.point, p) > 0 :
            : (p1[0] - p[0]) * (p0[1] - p[1]) - (p0[0] - p[0]) * (p1[1] - p[1]) > 0;
            //signedArea(this.otherEvent.point, this.point, p) > 0;
        };


        /**
         * @param{Array.<Number>}p
         * @return {Boolean}
         */
        SweepEvent.prototype.isAbove = function isAbove (p) {
          return !this.isBelow(p);
        };


        /**
         * @return {Boolean}
         */
        SweepEvent.prototype.isVertical = function isVertical () {
          return this.point[0] === this.otherEvent.point[0];
        };


        /**
         * Does event belong to result?
         * @return {Boolean}
         */
        prototypeAccessors$1.inResult.get = function () {
          return this.resultTransition !== 0;
        };


        SweepEvent.prototype.clone = function clone () {
          var copy = new SweepEvent(
            this.point, this.left, this.otherEvent, this.isSubject, this.type);

          copy.contourId      = this.contourId;
          copy.resultTransition = this.resultTransition;
          copy.prevInResult   = this.prevInResult;
          copy.isExteriorRing = this.isExteriorRing;
          copy.inOut          = this.inOut;
          copy.otherInOut     = this.otherInOut;

          return copy;
        };

        Object.defineProperties( SweepEvent.prototype, prototypeAccessors$1 );

        function equals(p1, p2) {
          if (p1[0] === p2[0]) {
            if (p1[1] === p2[1]) {
              return true;
            } else {
              return false;
            }
          }
          return false;
        }

        // const EPSILON = 1e-9;
        // const abs = Math.abs;
        // TODO https://github.com/w8r/martinez/issues/6#issuecomment-262847164
        // Precision problem.
        //
        // module.exports = function equals(p1, p2) {
        //   return abs(p1[0] - p2[0]) <= EPSILON && abs(p1[1] - p2[1]) <= EPSILON;
        // };

        var epsilon$1 = 1.1102230246251565e-16;
        var splitter = 134217729;
        var resulterrbound = (3 + 8 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1;

        // fast_expansion_sum_zeroelim routine from oritinal code
        function sum$1(elen, e, flen, f, h) {
            var Q, Qnew, hh, bvirt;
            var enow = e[0];
            var fnow = f[0];
            var eindex = 0;
            var findex = 0;
            if ((fnow > enow) === (fnow > -enow)) {
                Q = enow;
                enow = e[++eindex];
            } else {
                Q = fnow;
                fnow = f[++findex];
            }
            var hindex = 0;
            if (eindex < elen && findex < flen) {
                if ((fnow > enow) === (fnow > -enow)) {
                    Qnew = enow + Q;
                    hh = Q - (Qnew - enow);
                    enow = e[++eindex];
                } else {
                    Qnew = fnow + Q;
                    hh = Q - (Qnew - fnow);
                    fnow = f[++findex];
                }
                Q = Qnew;
                if (hh !== 0) {
                    h[hindex++] = hh;
                }
                while (eindex < elen && findex < flen) {
                    if ((fnow > enow) === (fnow > -enow)) {
                        Qnew = Q + enow;
                        bvirt = Qnew - Q;
                        hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (enow - bvirt);
                        enow = e[++eindex];
                    } else {
                        Qnew = Q + fnow;
                        bvirt = Qnew - Q;
                        hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (fnow - bvirt);
                        fnow = f[++findex];
                    }
                    Q = Qnew;
                    if (hh !== 0) {
                        h[hindex++] = hh;
                    }
                }
            }
            while (eindex < elen) {
                Qnew = Q + enow;
                bvirt = Qnew - Q;
                hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (enow - bvirt);
                enow = e[++eindex];
                Q = Qnew;
                if (hh !== 0) {
                    h[hindex++] = hh;
                }
            }
            while (findex < flen) {
                Qnew = Q + fnow;
                bvirt = Qnew - Q;
                hh = Q - (Qnew - bvirt) + (fnow - bvirt);
                fnow = f[++findex];
                Q = Qnew;
                if (hh !== 0) {
                    h[hindex++] = hh;
                }
            }
            if (Q !== 0 || hindex === 0) {
                h[hindex++] = Q;
            }
            return hindex;
        }

        function estimate(elen, e) {
            var Q = e[0];
            for (var i = 1; i < elen; i++) { Q += e[i]; }
            return Q;
        }

        function vec(n) {
            return new Float64Array(n);
        }

        var ccwerrboundA = (3 + 16 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1;
        var ccwerrboundB = (2 + 12 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1;
        var ccwerrboundC = (9 + 64 * epsilon$1) * epsilon$1 * epsilon$1;

        var B = vec(4);
        var C1 = vec(8);
        var C2 = vec(12);
        var D = vec(16);
        var u = vec(4);

        function orient2dadapt(ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy, detsum) {
            var acxtail, acytail, bcxtail, bcytail;
            var bvirt, c, ahi, alo, bhi, blo, _i, _j, _0, s1, s0, t1, t0, u3;

            var acx = ax - cx;
            var bcx = bx - cx;
            var acy = ay - cy;
            var bcy = by - cy;

            s1 = acx * bcy;
            c = splitter * acx;
            ahi = c - (c - acx);
            alo = acx - ahi;
            c = splitter * bcy;
            bhi = c - (c - bcy);
            blo = bcy - bhi;
            s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
            t1 = acy * bcx;
            c = splitter * acy;
            ahi = c - (c - acy);
            alo = acy - ahi;
            c = splitter * bcx;
            bhi = c - (c - bcx);
            blo = bcx - bhi;
            t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
            _i = s0 - t0;
            bvirt = s0 - _i;
            B[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
            _j = s1 + _i;
            bvirt = _j - s1;
            _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
            _i = _0 - t1;
            bvirt = _0 - _i;
            B[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
            u3 = _j + _i;
            bvirt = u3 - _j;
            B[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
            B[3] = u3;

            var det = estimate(4, B);
            var errbound = ccwerrboundB * detsum;
            if (det >= errbound || -det >= errbound) {
                return det;
            }

            bvirt = ax - acx;
            acxtail = ax - (acx + bvirt) + (bvirt - cx);
            bvirt = bx - bcx;
            bcxtail = bx - (bcx + bvirt) + (bvirt - cx);
            bvirt = ay - acy;
            acytail = ay - (acy + bvirt) + (bvirt - cy);
            bvirt = by - bcy;
            bcytail = by - (bcy + bvirt) + (bvirt - cy);

            if (acxtail === 0 && acytail === 0 && bcxtail === 0 && bcytail === 0) {
                return det;
            }

            errbound = ccwerrboundC * detsum + resulterrbound * Math.abs(det);
            det += (acx * bcytail + bcy * acxtail) - (acy * bcxtail + bcx * acytail);
            if (det >= errbound || -det >= errbound) { return det; }

            s1 = acxtail * bcy;
            c = splitter * acxtail;
            ahi = c - (c - acxtail);
            alo = acxtail - ahi;
            c = splitter * bcy;
            bhi = c - (c - bcy);
            blo = bcy - bhi;
            s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
            t1 = acytail * bcx;
            c = splitter * acytail;
            ahi = c - (c - acytail);
            alo = acytail - ahi;
            c = splitter * bcx;
            bhi = c - (c - bcx);
            blo = bcx - bhi;
            t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
            _i = s0 - t0;
            bvirt = s0 - _i;
            u[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
            _j = s1 + _i;
            bvirt = _j - s1;
            _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
            _i = _0 - t1;
            bvirt = _0 - _i;
            u[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
            u3 = _j + _i;
            bvirt = u3 - _j;
            u[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
            u[3] = u3;
            var C1len = sum$1(4, B, 4, u, C1);

            s1 = acx * bcytail;
            c = splitter * acx;
            ahi = c - (c - acx);
            alo = acx - ahi;
            c = splitter * bcytail;
            bhi = c - (c - bcytail);
            blo = bcytail - bhi;
            s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
            t1 = acy * bcxtail;
            c = splitter * acy;
            ahi = c - (c - acy);
            alo = acy - ahi;
            c = splitter * bcxtail;
            bhi = c - (c - bcxtail);
            blo = bcxtail - bhi;
            t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
            _i = s0 - t0;
            bvirt = s0 - _i;
            u[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
            _j = s1 + _i;
            bvirt = _j - s1;
            _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
            _i = _0 - t1;
            bvirt = _0 - _i;
            u[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
            u3 = _j + _i;
            bvirt = u3 - _j;
            u[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
            u[3] = u3;
            var C2len = sum$1(C1len, C1, 4, u, C2);

            s1 = acxtail * bcytail;
            c = splitter * acxtail;
            ahi = c - (c - acxtail);
            alo = acxtail - ahi;
            c = splitter * bcytail;
            bhi = c - (c - bcytail);
            blo = bcytail - bhi;
            s0 = alo * blo - (s1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
            t1 = acytail * bcxtail;
            c = splitter * acytail;
            ahi = c - (c - acytail);
            alo = acytail - ahi;
            c = splitter * bcxtail;
            bhi = c - (c - bcxtail);
            blo = bcxtail - bhi;
            t0 = alo * blo - (t1 - ahi * bhi - alo * bhi - ahi * blo);
            _i = s0 - t0;
            bvirt = s0 - _i;
            u[0] = s0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t0);
            _j = s1 + _i;
            bvirt = _j - s1;
            _0 = s1 - (_j - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
            _i = _0 - t1;
            bvirt = _0 - _i;
            u[1] = _0 - (_i + bvirt) + (bvirt - t1);
            u3 = _j + _i;
            bvirt = u3 - _j;
            u[2] = _j - (u3 - bvirt) + (_i - bvirt);
            u[3] = u3;
            var Dlen = sum$1(C2len, C2, 4, u, D);

            return D[Dlen - 1];
        }

        function orient2d(ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy) {
            var detleft = (ay - cy) * (bx - cx);
            var detright = (ax - cx) * (by - cy);
            var det = detleft - detright;

            if (detleft === 0 || detright === 0 || (detleft > 0) !== (detright > 0)) { return det; }

            var detsum = Math.abs(detleft + detright);
            if (Math.abs(det) >= ccwerrboundA * detsum) { return det; }

            return -orient2dadapt(ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy, detsum);
        }

        /**
         * Signed area of the triangle (p0, p1, p2)
         * @param  {Array.<Number>} p0
         * @param  {Array.<Number>} p1
         * @param  {Array.<Number>} p2
         * @return {Number}
         */
        function signedArea(p0, p1, p2) {
          var res = orient2d(p0[0], p0[1], p1[0], p1[1], p2[0], p2[1]);
          if (res > 0) { return -1; }
          if (res < 0) { return 1; }
          return 0;
        }

        /**
         * @param  {SweepEvent} e1
         * @param  {SweepEvent} e2
         * @return {Number}
         */
        function compareEvents(e1, e2) {
          var p1 = e1.point;
          var p2 = e2.point;

          // Different x-coordinate
          if (p1[0] > p2[0]) { return 1; }
          if (p1[0] < p2[0]) { return -1; }

          // Different points, but same x-coordinate
          // Event with lower y-coordinate is processed first
          if (p1[1] !== p2[1]) { return p1[1] > p2[1] ? 1 : -1; }

          return specialCases(e1, e2, p1);
        }


        /* eslint-disable no-unused-vars */
        function specialCases(e1, e2, p1, p2) {
          // Same coordinates, but one is a left endpoint and the other is
          // a right endpoint. The right endpoint is processed first
          if (e1.left !== e2.left)
            { return e1.left ? 1 : -1; }

          // const p2 = e1.otherEvent.point, p3 = e2.otherEvent.point;
          // const sa = (p1[0] - p3[0]) * (p2[1] - p3[1]) - (p2[0] - p3[0]) * (p1[1] - p3[1])
          // Same coordinates, both events
          // are left endpoints or right endpoints.
          // not collinear
          if (signedArea(p1, e1.otherEvent.point, e2.otherEvent.point) !== 0) {
            // the event associate to the bottom segment is processed first
            return (!e1.isBelow(e2.otherEvent.point)) ? 1 : -1;
          }

          return (!e1.isSubject && e2.isSubject) ? 1 : -1;
        }
        /* eslint-enable no-unused-vars */

        /**
         * @param  {SweepEvent} se
         * @param  {Array.<Number>} p
         * @param  {Queue} queue
         * @return {Queue}
         */
        function divideSegment(se, p, queue)  {
          var r = new SweepEvent(p, false, se,            se.isSubject);
          var l = new SweepEvent(p, true,  se.otherEvent, se.isSubject);

          /* eslint-disable no-console */
          if (equals(se.point, se.otherEvent.point)) {
            console.warn('what is that, a collapsed segment?', se);
          }
          /* eslint-enable no-console */

          r.contourId = l.contourId = se.contourId;

          // avoid a rounding error. The left event would be processed after the right event
          if (compareEvents(l, se.otherEvent) > 0) {
            se.otherEvent.left = true;
            l.left = false;
          }

          // avoid a rounding error. The left event would be processed after the right event
          // if (compareEvents(se, r) > 0) {}

          se.otherEvent.otherEvent = l;
          se.otherEvent = r;

          queue.push(l);
          queue.push(r);

          return queue;
        }

        //const EPS = 1e-9;

        /**
         * Finds the magnitude of the cross product of two vectors (if we pretend
         * they're in three dimensions)
         *
         * @param {Object} a First vector
         * @param {Object} b Second vector
         * @private
         * @returns {Number} The magnitude of the cross product
         */
        function crossProduct(a, b) {
          return (a[0] * b[1]) - (a[1] * b[0]);
        }

        /**
         * Finds the dot product of two vectors.
         *
         * @param {Object} a First vector
         * @param {Object} b Second vector
         * @private
         * @returns {Number} The dot product
         */
        function dotProduct(a, b) {
          return (a[0] * b[0]) + (a[1] * b[1]);
        }

        /**
         * Finds the intersection (if any) between two line segments a and b, given the
         * line segments' end points a1, a2 and b1, b2.
         *
         * This algorithm is based on Schneider and Eberly.
         * http://www.cimec.org.ar/~ncalvo/Schneider_Eberly.pdf
         * Page 244.
         *
         * @param {Array.<Number>} a1 point of first line
         * @param {Array.<Number>} a2 point of first line
         * @param {Array.<Number>} b1 point of second line
         * @param {Array.<Number>} b2 point of second line
         * @param {Boolean=}       noEndpointTouch whether to skip single touchpoints
         *                                         (meaning connected segments) as
         *                                         intersections
         * @returns {Array.<Array.<Number>>|Null} If the lines intersect, the point of
         * intersection. If they overlap, the two end points of the overlapping segment.
         * Otherwise, null.
         */
        function intersection (a1, a2, b1, b2, noEndpointTouch) {
          // The algorithm expects our lines in the form P + sd, where P is a point,
          // s is on the interval [0, 1], and d is a vector.
          // We are passed two points. P can be the first point of each pair. The
          // vector, then, could be thought of as the distance (in x and y components)
          // from the first point to the second point.
          // So first, let's make our vectors:
          var va = [a2[0] - a1[0], a2[1] - a1[1]];
          var vb = [b2[0] - b1[0], b2[1] - b1[1]];
          // We also define a function to convert back to regular point form:

          /* eslint-disable arrow-body-style */

          function toPoint(p, s, d) {
            return [
              p[0] + s * d[0],
              p[1] + s * d[1]
            ];
          }

          /* eslint-enable arrow-body-style */

          // The rest is pretty much a straight port of the algorithm.
          var e = [b1[0] - a1[0], b1[1] - a1[1]];
          var kross    = crossProduct(va, vb);
          var sqrKross = kross * kross;
          var sqrLenA  = dotProduct(va, va);
          //const sqrLenB  = dotProduct(vb, vb);

          // Check for line intersection. This works because of the properties of the
          // cross product -- specifically, two vectors are parallel if and only if the
          // cross product is the 0 vector. The full calculation involves relative error
          // to account for possible very small line segments. See Schneider & Eberly
          // for details.
          if (sqrKross > 0/* EPS * sqrLenB * sqLenA */) {
            // If they're not parallel, then (because these are line segments) they
            // still might not actually intersect. This code checks that the
            // intersection point of the lines is actually on both line segments.
            var s = crossProduct(e, vb) / kross;
            if (s < 0 || s > 1) {
              // not on line segment a
              return null;
            }
            var t = crossProduct(e, va) / kross;
            if (t < 0 || t > 1) {
              // not on line segment b
              return null;
            }
            if (s === 0 || s === 1) {
              // on an endpoint of line segment a
              return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(a1, s, va)];
            }
            if (t === 0 || t === 1) {
              // on an endpoint of line segment b
              return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(b1, t, vb)];
            }
            return [toPoint(a1, s, va)];
          }

          // If we've reached this point, then the lines are either parallel or the
          // same, but the segments could overlap partially or fully, or not at all.
          // So we need to find the overlap, if any. To do that, we can use e, which is
          // the (vector) difference between the two initial points. If this is parallel
          // with the line itself, then the two lines are the same line, and there will
          // be overlap.
          //const sqrLenE = dotProduct(e, e);
          kross = crossProduct(e, va);
          sqrKross = kross * kross;

          if (sqrKross > 0 /* EPS * sqLenB * sqLenE */) {
          // Lines are just parallel, not the same. No overlap.
            return null;
          }

          var sa = dotProduct(va, e) / sqrLenA;
          var sb = sa + dotProduct(va, vb) / sqrLenA;
          var smin = Math.min(sa, sb);
          var smax = Math.max(sa, sb);

          // this is, essentially, the FindIntersection acting on floats from
          // Schneider & Eberly, just inlined into this function.
          if (smin <= 1 && smax >= 0) {

            // overlap on an end point
            if (smin === 1) {
              return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(a1, smin > 0 ? smin : 0, va)];
            }

            if (smax === 0) {
              return noEndpointTouch ? null : [toPoint(a1, smax < 1 ? smax : 1, va)];
            }

            if (noEndpointTouch && smin === 0 && smax === 1) { return null; }

            // There's overlap on a segment -- two points of intersection. Return both.
            return [
              toPoint(a1, smin > 0 ? smin : 0, va),
              toPoint(a1, smax < 1 ? smax : 1, va)
            ];
          }

          return null;
        }

        /**
         * @param  {SweepEvent} se1
         * @param  {SweepEvent} se2
         * @param  {Queue}      queue
         * @return {Number}
         */
        function possibleIntersection (se1, se2, queue) {
          // that disallows self-intersecting polygons,
          // did cost us half a day, so I'll leave it
          // out of respect
          // if (se1.isSubject === se2.isSubject) return;
          var inter = intersection(
            se1.point, se1.otherEvent.point,
            se2.point, se2.otherEvent.point
          );

          var nintersections = inter ? inter.length : 0;
          if (nintersections === 0) { return 0; } // no intersection

          // the line segments intersect at an endpoint of both line segments
          if ((nintersections === 1) &&
              (equals(se1.point, se2.point) ||
               equals(se1.otherEvent.point, se2.otherEvent.point))) {
            return 0;
          }

          if (nintersections === 2 && se1.isSubject === se2.isSubject) {
            // if(se1.contourId === se2.contourId){
            // console.warn('Edges of the same polygon overlap',
            //   se1.point, se1.otherEvent.point, se2.point, se2.otherEvent.point);
            // }
            //throw new Error('Edges of the same polygon overlap');
            return 0;
          }

          // The line segments associated to se1 and se2 intersect
          if (nintersections === 1) {

            // if the intersection point is not an endpoint of se1
            if (!equals(se1.point, inter[0]) && !equals(se1.otherEvent.point, inter[0])) {
              divideSegment(se1, inter[0], queue);
            }

            // if the intersection point is not an endpoint of se2
            if (!equals(se2.point, inter[0]) && !equals(se2.otherEvent.point, inter[0])) {
              divideSegment(se2, inter[0], queue);
            }
            return 1;
          }

          // The line segments associated to se1 and se2 overlap
          var events        = [];
          var leftCoincide  = false;
          var rightCoincide = false;

          if (equals(se1.point, se2.point)) {
            leftCoincide = true; // linked
          } else if (compareEvents(se1, se2) === 1) {
            events.push(se2, se1);
          } else {
            events.push(se1, se2);
          }

          if (equals(se1.otherEvent.point, se2.otherEvent.point)) {
            rightCoincide = true;
          } else if (compareEvents(se1.otherEvent, se2.otherEvent) === 1) {
            events.push(se2.otherEvent, se1.otherEvent);
          } else {
            events.push(se1.otherEvent, se2.otherEvent);
          }

          if ((leftCoincide && rightCoincide) || leftCoincide) {
            // both line segments are equal or share the left endpoint
            se2.type = NON_CONTRIBUTING;
            se1.type = (se2.inOut === se1.inOut)
              ? SAME_TRANSITION : DIFFERENT_TRANSITION;

            if (leftCoincide && !rightCoincide) {
              // honestly no idea, but changing events selection from [2, 1]
              // to [0, 1] fixes the overlapping self-intersecting polygons issue
              divideSegment(events[1].otherEvent, events[0].point, queue);
            }
            return 2;
          }

          // the line segments share the right endpoint
          if (rightCoincide) {
            divideSegment(events[0], events[1].point, queue);
            return 3;
          }

          // no line segment includes totally the other one
          if (events[0] !== events[3].otherEvent) {
            divideSegment(events[0], events[1].point, queue);
            divideSegment(events[1], events[2].point, queue);
            return 3;
          }

          // one line segment includes the other one
          divideSegment(events[0], events[1].point, queue);
          divideSegment(events[3].otherEvent, events[2].point, queue);

          return 3;
        }

        /**
         * @param  {SweepEvent} le1
         * @param  {SweepEvent} le2
         * @return {Number}
         */
        function compareSegments(le1, le2) {
          if (le1 === le2) { return 0; }

          // Segments are not collinear
          if (signedArea(le1.point, le1.otherEvent.point, le2.point) !== 0 ||
            signedArea(le1.point, le1.otherEvent.point, le2.otherEvent.point) !== 0) {

            // If they share their left endpoint use the right endpoint to sort
            if (equals(le1.point, le2.point)) { return le1.isBelow(le2.otherEvent.point) ? -1 : 1; }

            // Different left endpoint: use the left endpoint to sort
            if (le1.point[0] === le2.point[0]) { return le1.point[1] < le2.point[1] ? -1 : 1; }

            // has the line segment associated to e1 been inserted
            // into S after the line segment associated to e2 ?
            if (compareEvents(le1, le2) === 1) { return le2.isAbove(le1.point) ? -1 : 1; }

            // The line segment associated to e2 has been inserted
            // into S after the line segment associated to e1
            return le1.isBelow(le2.point) ? -1 : 1;
          }

          if (le1.isSubject === le2.isSubject) { // same polygon
            var p1 = le1.point, p2 = le2.point;
            if (p1[0] === p2[0] && p1[1] === p2[1]/*equals(le1.point, le2.point)*/) {
              p1 = le1.otherEvent.point; p2 = le2.otherEvent.point;
              if (p1[0] === p2[0] && p1[1] === p2[1]) { return 0; }
              else { return le1.contourId > le2.contourId ? 1 : -1; }
            }
          } else { // Segments are collinear, but belong to separate polygons
            return le1.isSubject ? -1 : 1;
          }

          return compareEvents(le1, le2) === 1 ? 1 : -1;
        }

        function subdivide(eventQueue, subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation) {
          var sweepLine = new SplayTree(compareSegments);
          var sortedEvents = [];

          var rightbound = Math.min(sbbox[2], cbbox[2]);

          var prev, next, begin;

          while (eventQueue.length !== 0) {
            var event = eventQueue.pop();
            sortedEvents.push(event);

            // optimization by bboxes for intersection and difference goes here
            if ((operation === INTERSECTION && event.point[0] > rightbound) ||
                (operation === DIFFERENCE   && event.point[0] > sbbox[2])) {
              break;
            }

            if (event.left) {
              next  = prev = sweepLine.insert(event);
              begin = sweepLine.minNode();

              if (prev !== begin) { prev = sweepLine.prev(prev); }
              else                { prev = null; }

              next = sweepLine.next(next);

              var prevEvent = prev ? prev.key : null;
              var prevprevEvent = (void 0);
              computeFields(event, prevEvent, operation);
              if (next) {
                if (possibleIntersection(event, next.key, eventQueue) === 2) {
                  computeFields(event, prevEvent, operation);
                  computeFields(event, next.key, operation);
                }
              }

              if (prev) {
                if (possibleIntersection(prev.key, event, eventQueue) === 2) {
                  var prevprev = prev;
                  if (prevprev !== begin) { prevprev = sweepLine.prev(prevprev); }
                  else                    { prevprev = null; }

                  prevprevEvent = prevprev ? prevprev.key : null;
                  computeFields(prevEvent, prevprevEvent, operation);
                  computeFields(event,     prevEvent,     operation);
                }
              }
            } else {
              event = event.otherEvent;
              next = prev = sweepLine.find(event);

              if (prev && next) {

                if (prev !== begin) { prev = sweepLine.prev(prev); }
                else                { prev = null; }

                next = sweepLine.next(next);
                sweepLine.remove(event);

                if (next && prev) {
                  possibleIntersection(prev.key, next.key, eventQueue);
                }
              }
            }
          }
          return sortedEvents;
        }

        var Contour = function Contour() {
          this.points = [];
          this.holeIds = [];
          this.holeOf = null;
          this.depth = null;
        };

        Contour.prototype.isExterior = function isExterior () {
          return this.holeOf == null;
        };

        /**
         * @param  {Array.<SweepEvent>} sortedEvents
         * @return {Array.<SweepEvent>}
         */
        function orderEvents(sortedEvents) {
          var event, i, len, tmp;
          var resultEvents = [];
          for (i = 0, len = sortedEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
            event = sortedEvents[i];
            if ((event.left && event.inResult) ||
              (!event.left && event.otherEvent.inResult)) {
              resultEvents.push(event);
            }
          }
          // Due to overlapping edges the resultEvents array can be not wholly sorted
          var sorted = false;
          while (!sorted) {
            sorted = true;
            for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
              if ((i + 1) < len &&
                compareEvents(resultEvents[i], resultEvents[i + 1]) === 1) {
                tmp = resultEvents[i];
                resultEvents[i] = resultEvents[i + 1];
                resultEvents[i + 1] = tmp;
                sorted = false;
              }
            }
          }


          for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
            event = resultEvents[i];
            event.otherPos = i;
          }

          // imagine, the right event is found in the beginning of the queue,
          // when his left counterpart is not marked yet
          for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) {
            event = resultEvents[i];
            if (!event.left) {
              tmp = event.otherPos;
              event.otherPos = event.otherEvent.otherPos;
              event.otherEvent.otherPos = tmp;
            }
          }

          return resultEvents;
        }


        /**
         * @param  {Number} pos
         * @param  {Array.<SweepEvent>} resultEvents
         * @param  {Object>}    processed
         * @return {Number}
         */
        function nextPos(pos, resultEvents, processed, origPos) {
          var newPos = pos + 1,
              p = resultEvents[pos].point,
              p1;
          var length = resultEvents.length;

          if (newPos < length)
            { p1 = resultEvents[newPos].point; }

          while (newPos < length && p1[0] === p[0] && p1[1] === p[1]) {
            if (!processed[newPos]) {
              return newPos;
            } else   {
              newPos++;
            }
            p1 = resultEvents[newPos].point;
          }

          newPos = pos - 1;

          while (processed[newPos] && newPos > origPos) {
            newPos--;
          }

          return newPos;
        }


        function initializeContourFromContext(event, contours, contourId) {
          var contour = new Contour();
          if (event.prevInResult != null) {
            var prevInResult = event.prevInResult;
            // Note that it is valid to query the "previous in result" for its output contour id,
            // because we must have already processed it (i.e., assigned an output contour id)
            // in an earlier iteration, otherwise it wouldn't be possible that it is "previous in
            // result".
            var lowerContourId = prevInResult.outputContourId;
            var lowerResultTransition = prevInResult.resultTransition;
            if (lowerResultTransition > 0) {
              // We are inside. Now we have to check if the thing below us is another hole or
              // an exterior contour.
              var lowerContour = contours[lowerContourId];
              if (lowerContour.holeOf != null) {
                // The lower contour is a hole => Connect the new contour as a hole to its parent,
                // and use same depth.
                var parentContourId = lowerContour.holeOf;
                contours[parentContourId].holeIds.push(contourId);
                contour.holeOf = parentContourId;
                contour.depth = contours[lowerContourId].depth;
              } else {
                // The lower contour is an exterior contour => Connect the new contour as a hole,
                // and increment depth.
                contours[lowerContourId].holeIds.push(contourId);
                contour.holeOf = lowerContourId;
                contour.depth = contours[lowerContourId].depth + 1;
              }
            } else {
              // We are outside => this contour is an exterior contour of same depth.
              contour.holeOf = null;
              contour.depth = contours[lowerContourId].depth;
            }
          } else {
            // There is no lower/previous contour => this contour is an exterior contour of depth 0.
            contour.holeOf = null;
            contour.depth = 0;
          }
          return contour;
        }

        /**
         * @param  {Array.<SweepEvent>} sortedEvents
         * @return {Array.<*>} polygons
         */
        function connectEdges(sortedEvents) {
          var i, len;
          var resultEvents = orderEvents(sortedEvents);

          // "false"-filled array
          var processed = {};
          var contours = [];

          var loop = function (  ) {

            if (processed[i]) {
              return;
            }

            var contourId = contours.length;
            var contour = initializeContourFromContext(resultEvents[i], contours, contourId);

            // Helper function that combines marking an event as processed with assigning its output contour ID
            var markAsProcessed = function (pos) {
              processed[pos] = true;
              resultEvents[pos].outputContourId = contourId;
            };

            var pos = i;
            var origPos = i;

            var initial = resultEvents[i].point;
            contour.points.push(initial);

            /* eslint no-constant-condition: "off" */
            while (true) {
              markAsProcessed(pos);

              pos = resultEvents[pos].otherPos;

              markAsProcessed(pos);
              contour.points.push(resultEvents[pos].point);

              pos = nextPos(pos, resultEvents, processed, origPos);

              if (pos == origPos) {
                break;
              }
            }

            contours.push(contour);
          };

          for (i = 0, len = resultEvents.length; i < len; i++) loop(  );

          return contours;
        }

        var tinyqueue = TinyQueue;
        var _default$1 = TinyQueue;

        function TinyQueue(data, compare) {
            if (!(this instanceof TinyQueue)) { return new TinyQueue(data, compare); }

            this.data = data || [];
            this.length = this.data.length;
            this.compare = compare || defaultCompare$1;

            if (this.length > 0) {
                for (var i = (this.length >> 1) - 1; i >= 0; i--) { this._down(i); }
            }
        }

        function defaultCompare$1(a, b) {
            return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
        }

        TinyQueue.prototype = {

            push: function (item) {
                this.data.push(item);
                this.length++;
                this._up(this.length - 1);
            },

            pop: function () {
                if (this.length === 0) { return undefined; }

                var top = this.data[0];
                this.length--;

                if (this.length > 0) {
                    this.data[0] = this.data[this.length];
                    this._down(0);
                }
                this.data.pop();

                return top;
            },

            peek: function () {
                return this.data[0];
            },

            _up: function (pos) {
                var data = this.data;
                var compare = this.compare;
                var item = data[pos];

                while (pos > 0) {
                    var parent = (pos - 1) >> 1;
                    var current = data[parent];
                    if (compare(item, current) >= 0) { break; }
                    data[pos] = current;
                    pos = parent;
                }

                data[pos] = item;
            },

            _down: function (pos) {
                var data = this.data;
                var compare = this.compare;
                var halfLength = this.length >> 1;
                var item = data[pos];

                while (pos < halfLength) {
                    var left = (pos << 1) + 1;
                    var right = left + 1;
                    var best = data[left];

                    if (right < this.length && compare(data[right], best) < 0) {
                        left = right;
                        best = data[right];
                    }
                    if (compare(best, item) >= 0) { break; }

                    data[pos] = best;
                    pos = left;
                }

                data[pos] = item;
            }
        };
        tinyqueue.default = _default$1;

        var max$2 = Math.max;
        var min = Math.min;

        var contourId = 0;


        function processPolygon(contourOrHole, isSubject, depth, Q, bbox, isExteriorRing) {
          var i, len, s1, s2, e1, e2;
          for (i = 0, len = contourOrHole.length - 1; i < len; i++) {
            s1 = contourOrHole[i];
            s2 = contourOrHole[i + 1];
            e1 = new SweepEvent(s1, false, undefined, isSubject);
            e2 = new SweepEvent(s2, false, e1,        isSubject);
            e1.otherEvent = e2;

            if (s1[0] === s2[0] && s1[1] === s2[1]) {
              continue; // skip collapsed edges, or it breaks
            }

            e1.contourId = e2.contourId = depth;
            if (!isExteriorRing) {
              e1.isExteriorRing = false;
              e2.isExteriorRing = false;
            }
            if (compareEvents(e1, e2) > 0) {
              e2.left = true;
            } else {
              e1.left = true;
            }

            var x = s1[0], y = s1[1];
            bbox[0] = min(bbox[0], x);
            bbox[1] = min(bbox[1], y);
            bbox[2] = max$2(bbox[2], x);
            bbox[3] = max$2(bbox[3], y);

            // Pushing it so the queue is sorted from left to right,
            // with object on the left having the highest priority.
            Q.push(e1);
            Q.push(e2);
          }
        }


        function fillQueue(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation) {
          var eventQueue = new tinyqueue(null, compareEvents);
          var polygonSet, isExteriorRing, i, ii, j, jj; //, k, kk;

          for (i = 0, ii = subject.length; i < ii; i++) {
            polygonSet = subject[i];
            for (j = 0, jj = polygonSet.length; j < jj; j++) {
              isExteriorRing = j === 0;
              if (isExteriorRing) { contourId++; }
              processPolygon(polygonSet[j], true, contourId, eventQueue, sbbox, isExteriorRing);
            }
          }

          for (i = 0, ii = clipping.length; i < ii; i++) {
            polygonSet = clipping[i];
            for (j = 0, jj = polygonSet.length; j < jj; j++) {
              isExteriorRing = j === 0;
              if (operation === DIFFERENCE) { isExteriorRing = false; }
              if (isExteriorRing) { contourId++; }
              processPolygon(polygonSet[j], false, contourId, eventQueue, cbbox, isExteriorRing);
            }
          }

          return eventQueue;
        }

        var EMPTY = [];


        function trivialOperation(subject, clipping, operation) {
          var result = null;
          if (subject.length * clipping.length === 0) {
            if        (operation === INTERSECTION) {
              result = EMPTY;
            } else if (operation === DIFFERENCE) {
              result = subject;
            } else if (operation === UNION ||
                       operation === XOR) {
              result = (subject.length === 0) ? clipping : subject;
            }
          }
          return result;
        }


        function compareBBoxes(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation) {
          var result = null;
          if (sbbox[0] > cbbox[2] ||
              cbbox[0] > sbbox[2] ||
              sbbox[1] > cbbox[3] ||
              cbbox[1] > sbbox[3]) {
            if        (operation === INTERSECTION) {
              result = EMPTY;
            } else if (operation === DIFFERENCE) {
              result = subject;
            } else if (operation === UNION ||
                       operation === XOR) {
              result = subject.concat(clipping);
            }
          }
          return result;
        }


        function boolean(subject, clipping, operation) {
          if (typeof subject[0][0][0] === 'number') {
            subject = [subject];
          }
          if (typeof clipping[0][0][0] === 'number') {
            clipping = [clipping];
          }
          var trivial = trivialOperation(subject, clipping, operation);
          if (trivial) {
            return trivial === EMPTY ? null : trivial;
          }
          var sbbox = [Infinity, Infinity, -Infinity, -Infinity];
          var cbbox = [Infinity, Infinity, -Infinity, -Infinity];

          // console.time('fill queue');
          var eventQueue = fillQueue(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation);
          //console.timeEnd('fill queue');

          trivial = compareBBoxes(subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation);
          if (trivial) {
            return trivial === EMPTY ? null : trivial;
          }
          // console.time('subdivide edges');
          var sortedEvents = subdivide(eventQueue, subject, clipping, sbbox, cbbox, operation);
          //console.timeEnd('subdivide edges');

          // console.time('connect vertices');
          var contours = connectEdges(sortedEvents);
          //console.timeEnd('connect vertices');

          // Convert contours to polygons
          var polygons = [];
          for (var i = 0; i < contours.length; i++) {
            var contour = contours[i];
            if (contour.isExterior()) {
              // The exterior ring goes first
              var rings = [contour.points];
              // Followed by holes if any
              for (var j = 0; j < contour.holeIds.length; j++) {
                var holeId = contour.holeIds[j];
                rings.push(contours[holeId].points);
              }
              polygons.push(rings);
            }
          }

          return polygons;
        }

        function union (subject, clipping) {
          return boolean(subject, clipping, UNION);
        }

        var read$6 = function (buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
          var e, m;
          var eLen = (nBytes * 8) - mLen - 1;
          var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
          var eBias = eMax >> 1;
          var nBits = -7;
          var i = isLE ? (nBytes - 1) : 0;
          var d = isLE ? -1 : 1;
          var s = buffer[offset + i];

          i += d;

          e = s & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1);
          s >>= (-nBits);
          nBits += eLen;
          for (; nBits > 0; e = (e * 256) + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}

          m = e & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1);
          e >>= (-nBits);
          nBits += mLen;
          for (; nBits > 0; m = (m * 256) + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}

          if (e === 0) {
            e = 1 - eBias;
          } else if (e === eMax) {
            return m ? NaN : ((s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity)
          } else {
            m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen);
            e = e - eBias;
          }
          return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen)
        };

        var write$6 = function (buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
          var e, m, c;
          var eLen = (nBytes * 8) - mLen - 1;
          var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
          var eBias = eMax >> 1;
          var rt = (mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0);
          var i = isLE ? 0 : (nBytes - 1);
          var d = isLE ? 1 : -1;
          var s = value < 0 || (value === 0 && 1 / value < 0) ? 1 : 0;

          value = Math.abs(value);

          if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
            m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0;
            e = eMax;
          } else {
            e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2);
            if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
              e--;
              c *= 2;
            }
            if (e + eBias >= 1) {
              value += rt / c;
            } else {
              value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias);
            }
            if (value * c >= 2) {
              e++;
              c /= 2;
            }

            if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
              m = 0;
              e = eMax;
            } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
              m = ((value * c) - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
              e = e + eBias;
            } else {
              m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
              e = 0;
            }
          }

          for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {}

          e = (e << mLen) | m;
          eLen += mLen;
          for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {}

          buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128;
        };

        var ieee754 = {
                read: read$6,
                write: write$6
        };

        var pbf = Pbf;



        function Pbf(buf) {
            this.buf = ArrayBuffer.isView && ArrayBuffer.isView(buf) ? buf : new Uint8Array(buf || 0);
            this.pos = 0;
            this.type = 0;
            this.length = this.buf.length;
        }

        Pbf.Varint  = 0; // varint: int32, int64, uint32, uint64, sint32, sint64, bool, enum
        Pbf.Fixed64 = 1; // 64-bit: double, fixed64, sfixed64
        Pbf.Bytes   = 2; // length-delimited: string, bytes, embedded messages, packed repeated fields
        Pbf.Fixed32 = 5; // 32-bit: float, fixed32, sfixed32

        var SHIFT_LEFT_32 = (1 << 16) * (1 << 16),
            SHIFT_RIGHT_32 = 1 / SHIFT_LEFT_32;

        // Threshold chosen based on both benchmarking and knowledge about browser string
        // data structures (which currently switch structure types at 12 bytes or more)
        var TEXT_DECODER_MIN_LENGTH = 12;
        var utf8TextDecoder = typeof TextDecoder === 'undefined' ? null : new TextDecoder('utf8');

        Pbf.prototype = {

            destroy: function() {
                this.buf = null;
            },

            // === READING =================================================================

            readFields: function(readField, result, end) {
                end = end || this.length;

                while (this.pos < end) {
                    var val = this.readVarint(),
                        tag = val >> 3,
                        startPos = this.pos;

                    this.type = val & 0x7;
                    readField(tag, result, this);

                    if (this.pos === startPos) { this.skip(val); }
                }
                return result;
            },

            readMessage: function(readField, result) {
                return this.readFields(readField, result, this.readVarint() + this.pos);
            },

            readFixed32: function() {
                var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos);
                this.pos += 4;
                return val;
            },

            readSFixed32: function() {
                var val = readInt32(this.buf, this.pos);
                this.pos += 4;
                return val;
            },

            // 64-bit int handling is based on github.com/dpw/node-buffer-more-ints (MIT-licensed)

            readFixed64: function() {
                var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos) + readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos + 4) * SHIFT_LEFT_32;
                this.pos += 8;
                return val;
            },

            readSFixed64: function() {
                var val = readUInt32(this.buf, this.pos) + readInt32(this.buf, this.pos + 4) * SHIFT_LEFT_32;
                this.pos += 8;
                return val;
            },

            readFloat: function() {
                var val = ieee754.read(this.buf, this.pos, true, 23, 4);
                this.pos += 4;
                return val;
            },

            readDouble: function() {
                var val = ieee754.read(this.buf, this.pos, true, 52, 8);
                this.pos += 8;
                return val;
            },

            readVarint: function(isSigned) {
                var buf = this.buf,
                    val, b;

                b = buf[this.pos++]; val  =  b & 0x7f;        if (b < 0x80) { return val; }
                b = buf[this.pos++]; val |= (b & 0x7f) << 7;  if (b < 0x80) { return val; }
                b = buf[this.pos++]; val |= (b & 0x7f) << 14; if (b < 0x80) { return val; }
                b = buf[this.pos++]; val |= (b & 0x7f) << 21; if (b < 0x80) { return val; }
                b = buf[this.pos];   val |= (b & 0x0f) << 28;

                return readVarintRemainder(val, isSigned, this);
            },

            readVarint64: function() { // for compatibility with v2.0.1
                return this.readVarint(true);
            },

            readSVarint: function() {
                var num = this.readVarint();
                return num % 2 === 1 ? (num + 1) / -2 : num / 2; // zigzag encoding
            },

            readBoolean: function() {
                return Boolean(this.readVarint());
            },

            readString: function() {
                var end = this.readVarint() + this.pos;
                var pos = this.pos;
                this.pos = end;

                if (end - pos >= TEXT_DECODER_MIN_LENGTH && utf8TextDecoder) {
                    // longer strings are fast with the built-in browser TextDecoder API
                    return readUtf8TextDecoder(this.buf, pos, end);
                }
                // short strings are fast with our custom implementation
                return readUtf8(this.buf, pos, end);
            },

            readBytes: function() {
                var end = this.readVarint() + this.pos,
                    buffer = this.buf.subarray(this.pos, end);
                this.pos = end;
                return buffer;
            },

            // verbose for performance reasons; doesn't affect gzipped size

            readPackedVarint: function(arr, isSigned) {
                if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) { return arr.push(this.readVarint(isSigned)); }
                var end = readPackedEnd(this);
                arr = arr || [];
                while (this.pos < end) { arr.push(this.readVarint(isSigned)); }
                return arr;
            },
            readPackedSVarint: function(arr) {
                if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) { return arr.push(this.readSVarint()); }
                var end = readPackedEnd(this);
                arr = arr || [];
                while (this.pos < end) { arr.push(this.readSVarint()); }
                return arr;
            },
            readPackedBoolean: function(arr) {
                if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) { return arr.push(this.readBoolean()); }
                var end = readPackedEnd(this);
                arr = arr || [];
                while (this.pos < end) { arr.push(this.readBoolean()); }
                return arr;
            },
            readPackedFloat: function(arr) {
                if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) { return arr.push(this.readFloat()); }
                var end = readPackedEnd(this);
                arr = arr || [];
                while (this.pos < end) { arr.push(this.readFloat()); }
                return arr;
            },
            readPackedDouble: function(arr) {
                if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) { return arr.push(this.readDouble()); }
                var end = readPackedEnd(this);
                arr = arr || [];
                while (this.pos < end) { arr.push(this.readDouble()); }
                return arr;
            },
            readPackedFixed32: function(arr) {
                if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) { return arr.push(this.readFixed32()); }
                var end = readPackedEnd(this);
                arr = arr || [];
                while (this.pos < end) { arr.push(this.readFixed32()); }
                return arr;
            },
            readPackedSFixed32: function(arr) {
                if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) { return arr.push(this.readSFixed32()); }
                var end = readPackedEnd(this);
                arr = arr || [];
                while (this.pos < end) { arr.push(this.readSFixed32()); }
                return arr;
            },
            readPackedFixed64: function(arr) {
                if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) { return arr.push(this.readFixed64()); }
                var end = readPackedEnd(this);
                arr = arr || [];
                while (this.pos < end) { arr.push(this.readFixed64()); }
                return arr;
            },
            readPackedSFixed64: function(arr) {
                if (this.type !== Pbf.Bytes) { return arr.push(this.readSFixed64()); }
                var end = readPackedEnd(this);
                arr = arr || [];
                while (this.pos < end) { arr.push(this.readSFixed64()); }
                return arr;
            },

            skip: function(val) {
                var type = val & 0x7;
                if (type === Pbf.Varint) { while (this.buf[this.pos++] > 0x7f) {} }
                else if (type === Pbf.Bytes) { this.pos = this.readVarint() + this.pos; }
                else if (type === Pbf.Fixed32) { this.pos += 4; }
                else if (type === Pbf.Fixed64) { this.pos += 8; }
                else { throw new Error('Unimplemented type: ' + type); }
            },

            // === WRITING =================================================================

            writeTag: function(tag, type) {
                this.writeVarint((tag << 3) | type);
            },

            realloc: function(min) {
                var length = this.length || 16;

                while (length < this.pos + min) { length *= 2; }

                if (length !== this.length) {
                    var buf = new Uint8Array(length);
                    buf.set(this.buf);
                    this.buf = buf;
                    this.length = length;
                }
            },

            finish: function() {
                this.length = this.pos;
                this.pos = 0;
                return this.buf.subarray(0, this.length);
            },

            writeFixed32: function(val) {
                this.realloc(4);
                writeInt32(this.buf, val, this.pos);
                this.pos += 4;
            },

            writeSFixed32: function(val) {
                this.realloc(4);
                writeInt32(this.buf, val, this.pos);
                this.pos += 4;
            },

            writeFixed64: function(val) {
                this.realloc(8);
                writeInt32(this.buf, val & -1, this.pos);
                writeInt32(this.buf, Math.floor(val * SHIFT_RIGHT_32), this.pos + 4);
                this.pos += 8;
            },

            writeSFixed64: function(val) {
                this.realloc(8);
                writeInt32(this.buf, val & -1, this.pos);
                writeInt32(this.buf, Math.floor(val * SHIFT_RIGHT_32), this.pos + 4);
                this.pos += 8;
            },

            writeVarint: function(val) {
                val = +val || 0;

                if (val > 0xfffffff || val < 0) {
                    writeBigVarint(val, this);
                    return;
                }

                this.realloc(4);

                this.buf[this.pos++] =           val & 0x7f  | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0); if (val <= 0x7f) { return; }
                this.buf[this.pos++] = ((val >>>= 7) & 0x7f) | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0); if (val <= 0x7f) { return; }
                this.buf[this.pos++] = ((val >>>= 7) & 0x7f) | (val > 0x7f ? 0x80 : 0); if (val <= 0x7f) { return; }
                this.buf[this.pos++] =   (val >>> 7) & 0x7f;
            },

            writeSVarint: function(val) {
                this.writeVarint(val < 0 ? -val * 2 - 1 : val * 2);
            },

            writeBoolean: function(val) {
                this.writeVarint(Boolean(val));
            },

            writeString: function(str) {
                str = String(str);
                this.realloc(str.length * 4);

                this.pos++; // reserve 1 byte for short string length

                var startPos = this.pos;
                // write the string directly to the buffer and see how much was written
                this.pos = writeUtf8(this.buf, str, this.pos);
                var len = this.pos - startPos;

                if (len >= 0x80) { makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, this); }

                // finally, write the message length in the reserved place and restore the position
                this.pos = startPos - 1;
                this.writeVarint(len);
                this.pos += len;
            },

            writeFloat: function(val) {
                this.realloc(4);
                ieee754.write(this.buf, val, this.pos, true, 23, 4);
                this.pos += 4;
            },

            writeDouble: function(val) {
                this.realloc(8);
                ieee754.write(this.buf, val, this.pos, true, 52, 8);
                this.pos += 8;
            },

            writeBytes: function(buffer) {
                var len = buffer.length;
                this.writeVarint(len);
                this.realloc(len);
                for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) { this.buf[this.pos++] = buffer[i]; }
            },

            writeRawMessage: function(fn, obj) {
                this.pos++; // reserve 1 byte for short message length

                // write the message directly to the buffer and see how much was written
                var startPos = this.pos;
                fn(obj, this);
                var len = this.pos - startPos;

                if (len >= 0x80) { makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, this); }

                // finally, write the message length in the reserved place and restore the position
                this.pos = startPos - 1;
                this.writeVarint(len);
                this.pos += len;
            },

            writeMessage: function(tag, fn, obj) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
                this.writeRawMessage(fn, obj);
            },

            writePackedVarint:   function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) { this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedVarint, arr); }   },
            writePackedSVarint:  function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) { this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedSVarint, arr); }  },
            writePackedBoolean:  function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) { this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedBoolean, arr); }  },
            writePackedFloat:    function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) { this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedFloat, arr); }    },
            writePackedDouble:   function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) { this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedDouble, arr); }   },
            writePackedFixed32:  function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) { this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedFixed32, arr); }  },
            writePackedSFixed32: function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) { this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedSFixed32, arr); } },
            writePackedFixed64:  function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) { this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedFixed64, arr); }  },
            writePackedSFixed64: function(tag, arr) { if (arr.length) { this.writeMessage(tag, writePackedSFixed64, arr); } },

            writeBytesField: function(tag, buffer) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
                this.writeBytes(buffer);
            },
            writeFixed32Field: function(tag, val) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
                this.writeFixed32(val);
            },
            writeSFixed32Field: function(tag, val) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
                this.writeSFixed32(val);
            },
            writeFixed64Field: function(tag, val) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
                this.writeFixed64(val);
            },
            writeSFixed64Field: function(tag, val) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
                this.writeSFixed64(val);
            },
            writeVarintField: function(tag, val) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Varint);
                this.writeVarint(val);
            },
            writeSVarintField: function(tag, val) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Varint);
                this.writeSVarint(val);
            },
            writeStringField: function(tag, str) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Bytes);
                this.writeString(str);
            },
            writeFloatField: function(tag, val) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed32);
                this.writeFloat(val);
            },
            writeDoubleField: function(tag, val) {
                this.writeTag(tag, Pbf.Fixed64);
                this.writeDouble(val);
            },
            writeBooleanField: function(tag, val) {
                this.writeVarintField(tag, Boolean(val));
            }
        };

        function readVarintRemainder(l, s, p) {
            var buf = p.buf,
                h, b;

            b = buf[p.pos++]; h  = (b & 0x70) >> 4;  if (b < 0x80) { return toNum(l, h, s); }
            b = buf[p.pos++]; h |= (b & 0x7f) << 3;  if (b < 0x80) { return toNum(l, h, s); }
            b = buf[p.pos++]; h |= (b & 0x7f) << 10; if (b < 0x80) { return toNum(l, h, s); }
            b = buf[p.pos++]; h |= (b & 0x7f) << 17; if (b < 0x80) { return toNum(l, h, s); }
            b = buf[p.pos++]; h |= (b & 0x7f) << 24; if (b < 0x80) { return toNum(l, h, s); }
            b = buf[p.pos++]; h |= (b & 0x01) << 31; if (b < 0x80) { return toNum(l, h, s); }

            throw new Error('Expected varint not more than 10 bytes');
        }

        function readPackedEnd(pbf) {
            return pbf.type === Pbf.Bytes ?
                pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos : pbf.pos + 1;
        }

        function toNum(low, high, isSigned) {
            if (isSigned) {
                return high * 0x100000000 + (low >>> 0);
            }

            return ((high >>> 0) * 0x100000000) + (low >>> 0);
        }

        function writeBigVarint(val, pbf) {
            var low, high;

            if (val >= 0) {
                low  = (val % 0x100000000) | 0;
                high = (val / 0x100000000) | 0;
            } else {
                low  = ~(-val % 0x100000000);
                high = ~(-val / 0x100000000);

                if (low ^ 0xffffffff) {
                    low = (low + 1) | 0;
                } else {
                    low = 0;
                    high = (high + 1) | 0;
                }
            }

            if (val >= 0x10000000000000000 || val < -0x10000000000000000) {
                throw new Error('Given varint doesn\'t fit into 10 bytes');
            }

            pbf.realloc(10);

            writeBigVarintLow(low, high, pbf);
            writeBigVarintHigh(high, pbf);
        }

        function writeBigVarintLow(low, high, pbf) {
            pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80; low >>>= 7;
            pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80; low >>>= 7;
            pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80; low >>>= 7;
            pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] = low & 0x7f | 0x80; low >>>= 7;
            pbf.buf[pbf.pos]   = low & 0x7f;
        }

        function writeBigVarintHigh(high, pbf) {
            var lsb = (high & 0x07) << 4;

            pbf.buf[pbf.pos++] |= lsb         | ((high >>>= 3) ? 0x80 : 0); if (!high) { return; }
            pbf.buf[pbf.pos++]  = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0); if (!high) { return; }
            pbf.buf[pbf.pos++]  = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0); if (!high) { return; }
            pbf.buf[pbf.pos++]  = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0); if (!high) { return; }
            pbf.buf[pbf.pos++]  = high & 0x7f | ((high >>>= 7) ? 0x80 : 0); if (!high) { return; }
            pbf.buf[pbf.pos++]  = high & 0x7f;
        }

        function makeRoomForExtraLength(startPos, len, pbf) {
            var extraLen =
                len <= 0x3fff ? 1 :
                len <= 0x1fffff ? 2 :
                len <= 0xfffffff ? 3 : Math.floor(Math.log(len) / (Math.LN2 * 7));

            // if 1 byte isn't enough for encoding message length, shift the data to the right
            pbf.realloc(extraLen);
            for (var i = pbf.pos - 1; i >= startPos; i--) { pbf.buf[i + extraLen] = pbf.buf[i]; }
        }

        function writePackedVarint(arr, pbf)   { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { pbf.writeVarint(arr[i]); }   }
        function writePackedSVarint(arr, pbf)  { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { pbf.writeSVarint(arr[i]); }  }
        function writePackedFloat(arr, pbf)    { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { pbf.writeFloat(arr[i]); }    }
        function writePackedDouble(arr, pbf)   { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { pbf.writeDouble(arr[i]); }   }
        function writePackedBoolean(arr, pbf)  { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { pbf.writeBoolean(arr[i]); }  }
        function writePackedFixed32(arr, pbf)  { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { pbf.writeFixed32(arr[i]); }  }
        function writePackedSFixed32(arr, pbf) { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { pbf.writeSFixed32(arr[i]); } }
        function writePackedFixed64(arr, pbf)  { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { pbf.writeFixed64(arr[i]); }  }
        function writePackedSFixed64(arr, pbf) { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { pbf.writeSFixed64(arr[i]); } }

        // Buffer code below from https://github.com/feross/buffer, MIT-licensed

        function readUInt32(buf, pos) {
            return ((buf[pos]) |
                (buf[pos + 1] << 8) |
                (buf[pos + 2] << 16)) +
                (buf[pos + 3] * 0x1000000);
        }

        function writeInt32(buf, val, pos) {
            buf[pos] = val;
            buf[pos + 1] = (val >>> 8);
            buf[pos + 2] = (val >>> 16);
            buf[pos + 3] = (val >>> 24);
        }

        function readInt32(buf, pos) {
            return ((buf[pos]) |
                (buf[pos + 1] << 8) |
                (buf[pos + 2] << 16)) +
                (buf[pos + 3] << 24);
        }

        function readUtf8(buf, pos, end) {
            var str = '';
            var i = pos;

            while (i < end) {
                var b0 = buf[i];
                var c = null; // codepoint
                var bytesPerSequence =
                    b0 > 0xEF ? 4 :
                    b0 > 0xDF ? 3 :
                    b0 > 0xBF ? 2 : 1;

                if (i + bytesPerSequence > end) { break; }

                var b1, b2, b3;

                if (bytesPerSequence === 1) {
                    if (b0 < 0x80) {
                        c = b0;
                    }
                } else if (bytesPerSequence === 2) {
                    b1 = buf[i + 1];
                    if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
                        c = (b0 & 0x1F) << 0x6 | (b1 & 0x3F);
                        if (c <= 0x7F) {
                            c = null;
                        }
                    }
                } else if (bytesPerSequence === 3) {
                    b1 = buf[i + 1];
                    b2 = buf[i + 2];
                    if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b2 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
                        c = (b0 & 0xF) << 0xC | (b1 & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (b2 & 0x3F);
                        if (c <= 0x7FF || (c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDFFF)) {
                            c = null;
                        }
                    }
                } else if (bytesPerSequence === 4) {
                    b1 = buf[i + 1];
                    b2 = buf[i + 2];
                    b3 = buf[i + 3];
                    if ((b1 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b2 & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (b3 & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
                        c = (b0 & 0xF) << 0x12 | (b1 & 0x3F) << 0xC | (b2 & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (b3 & 0x3F);
                        if (c <= 0xFFFF || c >= 0x110000) {
                            c = null;
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (c === null) {
                    c = 0xFFFD;
                    bytesPerSequence = 1;

                } else if (c > 0xFFFF) {
                    c -= 0x10000;
                    str += String.fromCharCode(c >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800);
                    c = 0xDC00 | c & 0x3FF;
                }

                str += String.fromCharCode(c);
                i += bytesPerSequence;
            }

            return str;
        }

        function readUtf8TextDecoder(buf, pos, end) {
            return utf8TextDecoder.decode(buf.subarray(pos, end));
        }

        function writeUtf8(buf, str, pos) {
            for (var i = 0, c, lead; i < str.length; i++) {
                c = str.charCodeAt(i); // code point

                if (c > 0xD7FF && c < 0xE000) {
                    if (lead) {
                        if (c < 0xDC00) {
                            buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
                            buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
                            buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
                            lead = c;
                            continue;
                        } else {
                            c = lead - 0xD800 << 10 | c - 0xDC00 | 0x10000;
                            lead = null;
                        }
                    } else {
                        if (c > 0xDBFF || (i + 1 === str.length)) {
                            buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
                            buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
                            buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
                        } else {
                            lead = c;
                        }
                        continue;
                    }
                } else if (lead) {
                    buf[pos++] = 0xEF;
                    buf[pos++] = 0xBF;
                    buf[pos++] = 0xBD;
                    lead = null;
                }

                if (c < 0x80) {
                    buf[pos++] = c;
                } else {
                    if (c < 0x800) {
                        buf[pos++] = c >> 0x6 | 0xC0;
                    } else {
                        if (c < 0x10000) {
                            buf[pos++] = c >> 0xC | 0xE0;
                        } else {
                            buf[pos++] = c >> 0x12 | 0xF0;
                            buf[pos++] = c >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80;
                        }
                        buf[pos++] = c >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80;
                    }
                    buf[pos++] = c & 0x3F | 0x80;
                }
            }
            return pos;
        }

        var pointGeometry = Point;

        /**
         * A standalone point geometry with useful accessor, comparison, and
         * modification methods.
         *
         * @class Point
         * @param {Number} x the x-coordinate. this could be longitude or screen
         * pixels, or any other sort of unit.
         * @param {Number} y the y-coordinate. this could be latitude or screen
         * pixels, or any other sort of unit.
         * @example
         * var point = new Point(-77, 38);
         */
        function Point(x, y) {
            this.x = x;
            this.y = y;
        }

        Point.prototype = {

            /**
             * Clone this point, returning a new point that can be modified
             * without affecting the old one.
             * @return {Point} the clone
             */
            clone: function() { return new Point(this.x, this.y); },

            /**
             * Add this point's x & y coordinates to another point,
             * yielding a new point.
             * @param {Point} p the other point
             * @return {Point} output point
             */
            add:     function(p) { return this.clone()._add(p); },

            /**
             * Subtract this point's x & y coordinates to from point,
             * yielding a new point.
             * @param {Point} p the other point
             * @return {Point} output point
             */
            sub:     function(p) { return this.clone()._sub(p); },

            /**
             * Multiply this point's x & y coordinates by point,
             * yielding a new point.
             * @param {Point} p the other point
             * @return {Point} output point
             */
            multByPoint:    function(p) { return this.clone()._multByPoint(p); },

            /**
             * Divide this point's x & y coordinates by point,
             * yielding a new point.
             * @param {Point} p the other point
             * @return {Point} output point
             */
            divByPoint:     function(p) { return this.clone()._divByPoint(p); },

            /**
             * Multiply this point's x & y coordinates by a factor,
             * yielding a new point.
             * @param {Point} k factor
             * @return {Point} output point
             */
            mult:    function(k) { return this.clone()._mult(k); },

            /**
             * Divide this point's x & y coordinates by a factor,
             * yielding a new point.
             * @param {Point} k factor
             * @return {Point} output point
             */
            div:     function(k) { return this.clone()._div(k); },

            /**
             * Rotate this point around the 0, 0 origin by an angle a,
             * given in radians
             * @param {Number} a angle to rotate around, in radians
             * @return {Point} output point
             */
            rotate:  function(a) { return this.clone()._rotate(a); },

            /**
             * Rotate this point around p point by an angle a,
             * given in radians
             * @param {Number} a angle to rotate around, in radians
             * @param {Point} p Point to rotate around
             * @return {Point} output point
             */
            rotateAround:  function(a,p) { return this.clone()._rotateAround(a,p); },

            /**
             * Multiply this point by a 4x1 transformation matrix
             * @param {Array<Number>} m transformation matrix
             * @return {Point} output point
             */
            matMult: function(m) { return this.clone()._matMult(m); },

            /**
             * Calculate this point but as a unit vector from 0, 0, meaning
             * that the distance from the resulting point to the 0, 0
             * coordinate will be equal to 1 and the angle from the resulting
             * point to the 0, 0 coordinate will be the same as before.
             * @return {Point} unit vector point
             */
            unit:    function() { return this.clone()._unit(); },

            /**
             * Compute a perpendicular point, where the new y coordinate
             * is the old x coordinate and the new x coordinate is the old y
             * coordinate multiplied by -1
             * @return {Point} perpendicular point
             */
            perp:    function() { return this.clone()._perp(); },

            /**
             * Return a version of this point with the x & y coordinates
             * rounded to integers.
             * @return {Point} rounded point
             */
            round:   function() { return this.clone()._round(); },

            /**
             * Return the magitude of this point: this is the Euclidean
             * distance from the 0, 0 coordinate to this point's x and y
             * coordinates.
             * @return {Number} magnitude
             */
            mag: function() {
                return Math.sqrt(this.x * this.x + this.y * this.y);
            },

            /**
             * Judge whether this point is equal to another point, returning
             * true or false.
             * @param {Point} other the other point
             * @return {boolean} whether the points are equal
             */
            equals: function(other) {
                return this.x === other.x &&
                       this.y === other.y;
            },

            /**
             * Calculate the distance from this point to another point
             * @param {Point} p the other point
             * @return {Number} distance
             */
            dist: function(p) {
                return Math.sqrt(this.distSqr(p));
            },

            /**
             * Calculate the distance from this point to another point,
             * without the square root step. Useful if you're comparing
             * relative distances.
             * @param {Point} p the other point
             * @return {Number} distance
             */
            distSqr: function(p) {
                var dx = p.x - this.x,
                    dy = p.y - this.y;
                return dx * dx + dy * dy;
            },

            /**
             * Get the angle from the 0, 0 coordinate to this point, in radians
             * coordinates.
             * @return {Number} angle
             */
            angle: function() {
                return Math.atan2(this.y, this.x);
            },

            /**
             * Get the angle from this point to another point, in radians
             * @param {Point} b the other point
             * @return {Number} angle
             */
            angleTo: function(b) {
                return Math.atan2(this.y - b.y, this.x - b.x);
            },

            /**
             * Get the angle between this point and another point, in radians
             * @param {Point} b the other point
             * @return {Number} angle
             */
            angleWith: function(b) {
                return this.angleWithSep(b.x, b.y);
            },

            /*
             * Find the angle of the two vectors, solving the formula for
             * the cross product a x b = |a||b|sin(θ) for θ.
             * @param {Number} x the x-coordinate
             * @param {Number} y the y-coordinate
             * @return {Number} the angle in radians
             */
            angleWithSep: function(x, y) {
                return Math.atan2(
                    this.x * y - this.y * x,
                    this.x * x + this.y * y);
            },

            _matMult: function(m) {
                var x = m[0] * this.x + m[1] * this.y,
                    y = m[2] * this.x + m[3] * this.y;
                this.x = x;
                this.y = y;
                return this;
            },

            _add: function(p) {
                this.x += p.x;
                this.y += p.y;
                return this;
            },

            _sub: function(p) {
                this.x -= p.x;
                this.y -= p.y;
                return this;
            },

            _mult: function(k) {
                this.x *= k;
                this.y *= k;
                return this;
            },

            _div: function(k) {
                this.x /= k;
                this.y /= k;
                return this;
            },

            _multByPoint: function(p) {
                this.x *= p.x;
                this.y *= p.y;
                return this;
            },

            _divByPoint: function(p) {
                this.x /= p.x;
                this.y /= p.y;
                return this;
            },

            _unit: function() {
                this._div(this.mag());
                return this;
            },

            _perp: function() {
                var y = this.y;
                this.y = this.x;
                this.x = -y;
                return this;
            },

            _rotate: function(angle) {
                var cos = Math.cos(angle),
                    sin = Math.sin(angle),
                    x = cos * this.x - sin * this.y,
                    y = sin * this.x + cos * this.y;
                this.x = x;
                this.y = y;
                return this;
            },

            _rotateAround: function(angle, p) {
                var cos = Math.cos(angle),
                    sin = Math.sin(angle),
                    x = p.x + cos * (this.x - p.x) - sin * (this.y - p.y),
                    y = p.y + sin * (this.x - p.x) + cos * (this.y - p.y);
                this.x = x;
                this.y = y;
                return this;
            },

            _round: function() {
                this.x = Math.round(this.x);
                this.y = Math.round(this.y);
                return this;
            }
        };

        /**
         * Construct a point from an array if necessary, otherwise if the input
         * is already a Point, or an unknown type, return it unchanged
         * @param {Array<Number>|Point|*} a any kind of input value
         * @return {Point} constructed point, or passed-through value.
         * @example
         * // this
         * var point = Point.convert([0, 1]);
         * // is equivalent to
         * var point = new Point(0, 1);
         */
        Point.convert = function (a) {
            if (a instanceof Point) {
                return a;
            }
            if (Array.isArray(a)) {
                return new Point(a[0], a[1]);
            }
            return a;
        };

        var vectortilefeature = VectorTileFeature;

        function VectorTileFeature(pbf, end, extent, keys, values) {
            // Public
            this.properties = {};
            this.extent = extent;
            this.type = 0;

            // Private
            this._pbf = pbf;
            this._geometry = -1;
            this._keys = keys;
            this._values = values;

            pbf.readFields(readFeature, this, end);
        }

        function readFeature(tag, feature, pbf) {
            if (tag == 1) { feature.id = pbf.readVarint(); }
            else if (tag == 2) { readTag(pbf, feature); }
            else if (tag == 3) { feature.type = pbf.readVarint(); }
            else if (tag == 4) { feature._geometry = pbf.pos; }
        }

        function readTag(pbf, feature) {
            var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos;

            while (pbf.pos < end) {
                var key = feature._keys[pbf.readVarint()],
                    value = feature._values[pbf.readVarint()];
                feature.properties[key] = value;
            }
        }

        VectorTileFeature.types = ['Unknown', 'Point', 'LineString', 'Polygon'];

        VectorTileFeature.prototype.loadGeometry = function() {
            var pbf = this._pbf;
            pbf.pos = this._geometry;

            var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos,
                cmd = 1,
                length = 0,
                x = 0,
                y = 0,
                lines = [],
                line;

            while (pbf.pos < end) {
                if (length <= 0) {
                    var cmdLen = pbf.readVarint();
                    cmd = cmdLen & 0x7;
                    length = cmdLen >> 3;
                }

                length--;

                if (cmd === 1 || cmd === 2) {
                    x += pbf.readSVarint();
                    y += pbf.readSVarint();

                    if (cmd === 1) { // moveTo
                        if (line) { lines.push(line); }
                        line = [];
                    }

                    line.push(new pointGeometry(x, y));

                } else if (cmd === 7) {

                    // Workaround for https://github.com/mapbox/mapnik-vector-tile/issues/90
                    if (line) {
                        line.push(line[0].clone()); // closePolygon
                    }

                } else {
                    throw new Error('unknown command ' + cmd);
                }
            }

            if (line) { lines.push(line); }

            return lines;
        };

        VectorTileFeature.prototype.bbox = function() {
            var pbf = this._pbf;
            pbf.pos = this._geometry;

            var end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos,
                cmd = 1,
                length = 0,
                x = 0,
                y = 0,
                x1 = Infinity,
                x2 = -Infinity,
                y1 = Infinity,
                y2 = -Infinity;

            while (pbf.pos < end) {
                if (length <= 0) {
                    var cmdLen = pbf.readVarint();
                    cmd = cmdLen & 0x7;
                    length = cmdLen >> 3;
                }

                length--;

                if (cmd === 1 || cmd === 2) {
                    x += pbf.readSVarint();
                    y += pbf.readSVarint();
                    if (x < x1) { x1 = x; }
                    if (x > x2) { x2 = x; }
                    if (y < y1) { y1 = y; }
                    if (y > y2) { y2 = y; }

                } else if (cmd !== 7) {
                    throw new Error('unknown command ' + cmd);
                }
            }

            return [x1, y1, x2, y2];
        };

        VectorTileFeature.prototype.toGeoJSON = function(x, y, z) {
            var size = this.extent * Math.pow(2, z),
                x0 = this.extent * x,
                y0 = this.extent * y,
                coords = this.loadGeometry(),
                type = VectorTileFeature.types[this.type],
                i, j;

            function project(line) {
                for (var j = 0; j < line.length; j++) {
                    var p = line[j], y2 = 180 - (p.y + y0) * 360 / size;
                    line[j] = [
                        (p.x + x0) * 360 / size - 180,
                        360 / Math.PI * Math.atan(Math.exp(y2 * Math.PI / 180)) - 90
                    ];
                }
            }

            switch (this.type) {
            case 1:
                var points = [];
                for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
                    points[i] = coords[i][0];
                }
                coords = points;
                project(coords);
                break;

            case 2:
                for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
                    project(coords[i]);
                }
                break;

            case 3:
                coords = classifyRings(coords);
                for (i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
                    for (j = 0; j < coords[i].length; j++) {
                        project(coords[i][j]);
                    }
                }
                break;
            }

            if (coords.length === 1) {
                coords = coords[0];
            } else {
                type = 'Multi' + type;
            }

            var result = {
                type: "Feature",
                geometry: {
                    type: type,
                    coordinates: coords
                },
                properties: this.properties
            };

            if ('id' in this) {
                result.id = this.id;
            }

            return result;
        };

        // classifies an array of rings into polygons with outer rings and holes

        function classifyRings(rings) {
            var len = rings.length;

            if (len <= 1) { return [rings]; }

            var polygons = [],
                polygon,
                ccw;

            for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                var area = signedArea$1(rings[i]);
                if (area === 0) { continue; }

                if (ccw === undefined) { ccw = area < 0; }

                if (ccw === area < 0) {
                    if (polygon) { polygons.push(polygon); }
                    polygon = [rings[i]];

                } else {
                    polygon.push(rings[i]);
                }
            }
            if (polygon) { polygons.push(polygon); }

            return polygons;
        }

        function signedArea$1(ring) {
            var sum = 0;
            for (var i = 0, len = ring.length, j = len - 1, p1, p2; i < len; j = i++) {
                p1 = ring[i];
                p2 = ring[j];
                sum += (p2.x - p1.x) * (p1.y + p2.y);
            }
            return sum;
        }

        var vectortilelayer = VectorTileLayer;

        function VectorTileLayer(pbf, end) {
            // Public
            this.version = 1;
            this.name = null;
            this.extent = 4096;
            this.length = 0;

            // Private
            this._pbf = pbf;
            this._keys = [];
            this._values = [];
            this._features = [];

            pbf.readFields(readLayer, this, end);

            this.length = this._features.length;
        }

        function readLayer(tag, layer, pbf) {
            if (tag === 15) { layer.version = pbf.readVarint(); }
            else if (tag === 1) { layer.name = pbf.readString(); }
            else if (tag === 5) { layer.extent = pbf.readVarint(); }
            else if (tag === 2) { layer._features.push(pbf.pos); }
            else if (tag === 3) { layer._keys.push(pbf.readString()); }
            else if (tag === 4) { layer._values.push(readValueMessage(pbf)); }
        }

        function readValueMessage(pbf) {
            var value = null,
                end = pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos;

            while (pbf.pos < end) {
                var tag = pbf.readVarint() >> 3;

                value = tag === 1 ? pbf.readString() :
                    tag === 2 ? pbf.readFloat() :
                    tag === 3 ? pbf.readDouble() :
                    tag === 4 ? pbf.readVarint64() :
                    tag === 5 ? pbf.readVarint() :
                    tag === 6 ? pbf.readSVarint() :
                    tag === 7 ? pbf.readBoolean() : null;
            }

            return value;
        }

        // return feature `i` from this layer as a `VectorTileFeature`
        VectorTileLayer.prototype.feature = function(i) {
            if (i < 0 || i >= this._features.length) { throw new Error('feature index out of bounds'); }

            this._pbf.pos = this._features[i];

            var end = this._pbf.readVarint() + this._pbf.pos;
            return new vectortilefeature(this._pbf, end, this.extent, this._keys, this._values);
        };

        var vectortile = VectorTile;

        function VectorTile(pbf, end) {
            this.layers = pbf.readFields(readTile, {}, end);
        }

        function readTile(tag, layers, pbf) {
            if (tag === 3) {
                var layer = new vectortilelayer(pbf, pbf.readVarint() + pbf.pos);
                if (layer.length) { layers[layer.name] = layer; }
            }
        }

        var VectorTile$1 = vectortile;
        var VectorTileFeature$1 = vectortilefeature;
        var VectorTileLayer$1 = vectortilelayer;

        var vectorTile = {
                VectorTile: VectorTile$1,
                VectorTileFeature: VectorTileFeature$1,
                VectorTileLayer: VectorTileLayer$1
        };

        var tiler$7 = utilTiler().tileSize(512).margin(1);
        var dispatch$8 = dispatch('loadedData');
        var _vtCache;


        function abortRequest$7(controller) {
            controller.abort();
        }


        function vtToGeoJSON(data, tile, mergeCache) {
            var vectorTile$1 = new vectorTile.VectorTile(new pbf(data));
            var layers = Object.keys(vectorTile$1.layers);
            if (!Array.isArray(layers)) { layers = [layers]; }

            var features = [];
            layers.forEach(function(layerID) {
                var layer = vectorTile$1.layers[layerID];
                if (layer) {
                    for (var i = 0; i < layer.length; i++) {
                        var feature = layer.feature(i).toGeoJSON(tile.xyz[0], tile.xyz[1], tile.xyz[2]);
                        var geometry = feature.geometry;

                        // Treat all Polygons as MultiPolygons
                        if (geometry.type === 'Polygon') {
                            geometry.type = 'MultiPolygon';
                            geometry.coordinates = [geometry.coordinates];
                        }

                        // Clip to tile bounds
                        if (geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
                            var isClipped = false;
                            var featureClip = turf_bboxClip(feature, tile.extent.rectangle());
                            if (!fastDeepEqual(feature.geometry, featureClip.geometry)) {
                                // feature = featureClip;
                                isClipped = true;
                            }
                            if (!feature.geometry.coordinates.length) { continue; }   // not actually on this tile
                            if (!feature.geometry.coordinates[0].length) { continue; }   // not actually on this tile
                        }

                        // Generate some unique IDs and add some metadata
                        var featurehash = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature));
                        var propertyhash = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature.properties || {}));
                        feature.__layerID__ = layerID.replace(/[^_a-zA-Z0-9\-]/g, '_');
                        feature.__featurehash__ = featurehash;
                        feature.__propertyhash__ = propertyhash;
                        features.push(feature);

                        // Clipped Polygons at same zoom with identical properties can get merged
                        if (isClipped && geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
                            var merged = mergeCache[propertyhash];
                            if (merged && merged.length) {
                                var other = merged[0];
                                var coords = union(
                                    feature.geometry.coordinates,
                                    other.geometry.coordinates
                                );

                                if (!coords || !coords.length) {
                                    continue;  // something failed in martinez union
                                }

                                merged.push(feature);
                                for (var j = 0; j < merged.length; j++) {      // all these features get...
                                    merged[j].geometry.coordinates = coords;   // same coords
                                    merged[j].__featurehash__ = featurehash;   // same hash, so deduplication works
                                }
                            } else {
                                mergeCache[propertyhash] = [feature];
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            });

            return features;
        }


        function loadTile(source, tile) {
            if (source.loaded[tile.id] || source.inflight[tile.id]) { return; }

            var url = source.template
                .replace('{x}', tile.xyz[0])
                .replace('{y}', tile.xyz[1])
                // TMS-flipped y coordinate
                .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, tile.xyz[2]) - tile.xyz[1] - 1)
                .replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, tile.xyz[2])
                .replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function(s, r) {
                    var subdomains = r.split(',');
                    return subdomains[(tile.xyz[0] + tile.xyz[1]) % subdomains.length];
                });


            var controller = new AbortController();
            source.inflight[tile.id] = controller;

            fetch(url, { signal: controller.signal })
                .then(function(response) {
                    if (!response.ok) {
                        throw new Error(response.status + ' ' + response.statusText);
                    }
                    source.loaded[tile.id] = [];
                    delete source.inflight[tile.id];
                    return response.arrayBuffer();
                })
                .then(function(data) {
                    if (!data) {
                        throw new Error('No Data');
                    }

                    var z = tile.xyz[2];
                    if (!source.canMerge[z]) {
                        source.canMerge[z] = {};  // initialize mergeCache
                    }

                    source.loaded[tile.id] = vtToGeoJSON(data, tile, source.canMerge[z]);
                    dispatch$8.call('loadedData');
                })
                .catch(function() {
                    source.loaded[tile.id] = [];
                    delete source.inflight[tile.id];
                });
        }


        var serviceVectorTile = {

            init: function() {
                if (!_vtCache) {
                    this.reset();
                }

                this.event = utilRebind(this, dispatch$8, 'on');
            },


            reset: function() {
                for (var sourceID in _vtCache) {
                    var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
                    if (source && source.inflight) {
                        Object.values(source.inflight).forEach(abortRequest$7);
                    }
                }

                _vtCache = {};
            },


            addSource: function(sourceID, template) {
                _vtCache[sourceID] = { template: template, inflight: {}, loaded: {}, canMerge: {} };
                return _vtCache[sourceID];
            },


            data: function(sourceID, projection) {
                var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
                if (!source) { return []; }

                var tiles = tiler$7.getTiles(projection);
                var seen = {};
                var results = [];

                for (var i = 0; i < tiles.length; i++) {
                    var features = source.loaded[tiles[i].id];
                    if (!features || !features.length) { continue; }

                    for (var j = 0; j < features.length; j++) {
                        var feature = features[j];
                        var hash = feature.__featurehash__;
                        if (seen[hash]) { continue; }
                        seen[hash] = true;

                        // return a shallow copy, because the hash may change
                        // later if this feature gets merged with another
                        results.push(Object.assign({}, feature));  // shallow copy
                    }
                }

                return results;
            },


            loadTiles: function(sourceID, template, projection) {
                var source = _vtCache[sourceID];
                if (!source) {
                    source = this.addSource(sourceID, template);
                }

                var tiles = tiler$7.getTiles(projection);

                // abort inflight requests that are no longer needed
                Object.keys(source.inflight).forEach(function(k) {
                    var wanted = tiles.find(function(tile) { return k === tile.id; });
                    if (!wanted) {
                        abortRequest$7(source.inflight[k]);
                        delete source.inflight[k];
                    }
                });

                tiles.forEach(function(tile) {
                    loadTile(source, tile);
                });
            },


            cache: function() {
                return _vtCache;
            }

        };

        var apibase$5 = 'https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?';
        var _wikidataCache = {};


        var serviceWikidata = {

            init: function() {},

            reset: function() {
                _wikidataCache = {};
            },


            // Search for Wikidata items matching the query
            itemsForSearchQuery: function(query, callback) {
                if (!query) {
                    if (callback) { callback('No query', {}); }
                    return;
                }

                var lang = this.languagesToQuery()[0];

                var url = apibase$5 + utilQsString({
                    action: 'wbsearchentities',
                    format: 'json',
                    formatversion: 2,
                    search: query,
                    type: 'item',
                    // the language to search
                    language: lang,
                    // the language for the label and description in the result
                    uselang: lang,
                    limit: 10,
                    origin: '*'
                });

                d3_json(url)
                    .then(function(result) {
                        if (result && result.error) {
                            throw new Error(result.error);
                        }
                        if (callback) { callback(null, result.search || {}); }
                    })
                    .catch(function(err) {
                        if (callback) { callback(err.message, {}); }
                    });
            },


            // Given a Wikipedia language and article title,
            // return an array of corresponding Wikidata entities.
            itemsByTitle: function(lang, title, callback) {
                if (!title) {
                    if (callback) { callback('No title', {}); }
                    return;
                }

                lang = lang || 'en';
                var url = apibase$5 + utilQsString({
                    action: 'wbgetentities',
                    format: 'json',
                    formatversion: 2,
                    sites: lang.replace(/-/g, '_') + 'wiki',
                    titles: title,
                    languages: 'en', // shrink response by filtering to one language
                    origin: '*'
                });

                d3_json(url)
                    .then(function(result) {
                        if (result && result.error) {
                            throw new Error(result.error);
                        }
                        if (callback) { callback(null, result.entities || {}); }
                    })
                    .catch(function(err) {
                        if (callback) { callback(err.message, {}); }
                    });
            },


            languagesToQuery: function() {
                var localeCode = _mainLocalizer.localeCode().toLowerCase();
                // HACK: en-us isn't a wikidata language. We should really be filtering by
                // the languages known to be supported by wikidata.
                if (localeCode === 'en-us') { localeCode = 'en'; }
                return utilArrayUniq([
                    localeCode,
                    _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase(),
                    'en'
                ]);
            },


            entityByQID: function(qid, callback) {
                if (!qid) {
                    callback('No qid', {});
                    return;
                }
                if (_wikidataCache[qid]) {
                    if (callback) { callback(null, _wikidataCache[qid]); }
                    return;
                }

                var langs = this.languagesToQuery();
                var url = apibase$5 + utilQsString({
                    action: 'wbgetentities',
                    format: 'json',
                    formatversion: 2,
                    ids: qid,
                    props: 'labels|descriptions|claims|sitelinks',
                    sitefilter: langs.map(function(d) { return d + 'wiki'; }).join('|'),
                    languages: langs.join('|'),
                    languagefallback: 1,
                    origin: '*'
                });

                d3_json(url)
                    .then(function(result) {
                        if (result && result.error) {
                            throw new Error(result.error);
                        }
                        if (callback) { callback(null, result.entities[qid] || {}); }
                    })
                    .catch(function(err) {
                        if (callback) { callback(err.message, {}); }
                    });
            },


            // Pass `params` object of the form:
            // {
            //   qid: 'string'      // brand wikidata  (e.g. 'Q37158')
            // }
            //
            // Get an result object used to display tag documentation
            // {
            //   title:        'string',
            //   description:  'string',
            //   editURL:      'string',
            //   imageURL:     'string',
            //   wiki:         { title: 'string', text: 'string', url: 'string' }
            // }
            //
            getDocs: function(params, callback) {
                var langs = this.languagesToQuery();
                this.entityByQID(params.qid, function(err, entity) {
                    if (err || !entity) {
                        callback(err || 'No entity');
                        return;
                    }

                    var i;
                    var description;
                    if (entity.descriptions && Object.keys(entity.descriptions).length > 0) {
                        description = entity.descriptions[Object.keys(entity.descriptions)[0]].value;
                    }

                    // prepare result
                    var result = {
                        title: entity.id,
                        description: description,
                        editURL: 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/' + entity.id
                    };

                    // add image
                    if (entity.claims) {
                        var imageroot = 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php';
                        var props = ['P154','P18'];  // logo image, image
                        var prop, image;
                        for (i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
                            prop = entity.claims[props[i]];
                            if (prop && Object.keys(prop).length > 0) {
                                image = prop[Object.keys(prop)[0]].mainsnak.datavalue.value;
                                if (image) {
                                    result.imageURL = imageroot + '?' + utilQsString({
                                        title: 'Special:Redirect/file/' + image,
                                        width: 400
                                    });
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    if (entity.sitelinks) {
                        var englishLocale = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase() === 'en';

                        // must be one of these that we requested..
                        for (i = 0; i < langs.length; i++) {   // check each, in order of preference
                            var w = langs[i] + 'wiki';
                            if (entity.sitelinks[w]) {
                                var title = entity.sitelinks[w].title;
                                var tKey = 'inspector.wiki_reference';
                                if (!englishLocale && langs[i] === 'en') {   // user's locale isn't English but
                                    tKey = 'inspector.wiki_en_reference';    // we are sending them to enwiki anyway..
                                }

                                result.wiki = {
                                    title: title,
                                    text: tKey,
                                    url: 'https://' + langs[i] + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' + title.replace(/ /g, '_')
                                };
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    callback(null, result);
                });
            }

        };

        var endpoint = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?';

        var serviceWikipedia = {

            init: function() {},
            reset: function() {},


            search: function(lang, query, callback) {
                if (!query) {
                    if (callback) { callback('No Query', []); }
                    return;
                }

                lang = lang || 'en';
                var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) +
                    utilQsString({
                        action: 'query',
                        list: 'search',
                        srlimit: '10',
                        srinfo: 'suggestion',
                        format: 'json',
                        origin: '*',
                        srsearch: query
                    });

                d3_json(url)
                    .then(function(result) {
                        if (result && result.error) {
                            throw new Error(result.error);
                        } else if (!result || !result.query || !result.query.search) {
                            throw new Error('No Results');
                        }
                        if (callback) {
                            var titles = result.query.search.map(function(d) { return d.title; });
                            callback(null, titles);
                        }
                    })
                    .catch(function(err) {
                        if (callback) { callback(err, []); }
                    });
            },


            suggestions: function(lang, query, callback) {
                if (!query) {
                    if (callback) { callback('', []); }
                    return;
                }

                lang = lang || 'en';
                var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) +
                    utilQsString({
                        action: 'opensearch',
                        namespace: 0,
                        suggest: '',
                        format: 'json',
                        origin: '*',
                        search: query
                    });

                d3_json(url)
                    .then(function(result) {
                        if (result && result.error) {
                            throw new Error(result.error);
                        } else if (!result || result.length < 2) {
                            throw new Error('No Results');
                        }
                        if (callback) { callback(null, result[1] || []); }
                    })
                    .catch(function(err) {
                        if (callback) { callback(err.message, []); }
                    });
            },


            translations: function(lang, title, callback) {
                if (!title) {
                    if (callback) { callback('No Title'); }
                    return;
                }

                var url = endpoint.replace('en', lang) +
                    utilQsString({
                        action: 'query',
                        prop: 'langlinks',
                        format: 'json',
                        origin: '*',
                        lllimit: 500,
                        titles: title
                    });

                d3_json(url)
                    .then(function(result) {
                        if (result && result.error) {
                            throw new Error(result.error);
                        } else if (!result || !result.query || !result.query.pages) {
                            throw new Error('No Results');
                        }
                        if (callback) {
                            var list = result.query.pages[Object.keys(result.query.pages)[0]];
                            var translations = {};
                            if (list && list.langlinks) {
                                list.langlinks.forEach(function(d) { translations[d.lang] = d['*']; });
                            }
                            callback(null, translations);
                        }
                    })
                    .catch(function(err) {
                        if (callback) { callback(err.message); }
                    });
            }

        };

        var services = {
            geocoder: serviceNominatim,
            keepRight: serviceKeepRight,
            improveOSM: serviceImproveOSM,
            osmose: serviceOsmose,
            mapillary: serviceMapillary,
            openstreetcam: serviceOpenstreetcam,
            osm: serviceOsm,
            osmWikibase: serviceOsmWikibase,
            maprules: serviceMapRules,
            streetside: serviceStreetside,
            taginfo: serviceTaginfo,
            vectorTile: serviceVectorTile,
            wikidata: serviceWikidata,
            wikipedia: serviceWikipedia
        };

        function svgIcon(name, svgklass, useklass) {
            return function drawIcon(selection) {
                selection.selectAll('svg.icon' + (svgklass ? '.' + svgklass.split(' ')[0] : ''))
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('svg')
                    .attr('class', 'icon ' + (svgklass || ''))
                    .append('use')
                    .attr('xlink:href', name)
                    .attr('class', useklass);
            };
        }

        function uiNoteComments() {
            var _note;


            function noteComments(selection) {
                if (_note.isNew()) { return; } // don't draw .comments-container

                var comments = selection.selectAll('.comments-container')
                    .data([0]);

                comments = comments.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comments-container')
                    .merge(comments);

                var commentEnter = comments.selectAll('.comment')
                    .data(_note.comments)
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment');

                commentEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'comment-avatar user-' + d.uid; })
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'comment-avatar-icon'));

                var mainEnter = commentEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment-main');

                var metadataEnter = mainEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment-metadata');

                metadataEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment-author')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        var selection = select(this);
                        var osm = services.osm;
                        if (osm && d.user) {
                            selection = selection
                                .append('a')
                                .attr('class', 'comment-author-link')
                                .attr('href', osm.userURL(d.user))
                                .attr('tabindex', -1)
                                .attr('target', '_blank');
                        }
                        selection
                            .text(function(d) { return d.user || _t('note.anonymous'); });
                    });

                metadataEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment-date')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        return _t('note.status.' + d.action, { when: localeDateString(d.date) });
                    });

                mainEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment-text')
                    .html(function(d) { return d.html; })
                    .selectAll('a')
                        .attr('rel', 'noopener nofollow')
                        .attr('target', '_blank');

                comments
                    .call(replaceAvatars);
            }


            function replaceAvatars(selection) {
                var showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
                var osm = services.osm;
                if (showThirdPartyIcons !== 'true' || !osm) { return; }

                var uids = {};  // gather uids in the comment thread
                _note.comments.forEach(function(d) {
                    if (d.uid) { uids[d.uid] = true; }
                });

                Object.keys(uids).forEach(function(uid) {
                    osm.loadUser(uid, function(err, user) {
                        if (!user || !user.image_url) { return; }

                        selection.selectAll('.comment-avatar.user-' + uid)
                            .html('')
                            .append('img')
                            .attr('class', 'icon comment-avatar-icon')
                            .attr('src', user.image_url)
                            .attr('alt', user.display_name);
                    });
                });
            }


            function localeDateString(s) {
                if (!s) { return null; }
                var options = { day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
                s = s.replace(/-/g, '/'); // fix browser-specific Date() issues
                var d = new Date(s);
                if (isNaN(d.getTime())) { return null; }
                return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
            }


            noteComments.note = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _note; }
                _note = val;
                return noteComments;
            };


            return noteComments;
        }

        function uiNoteHeader() {
            var _note;


            function noteHeader(selection) {
                var header = selection.selectAll('.note-header')
                    .data(
                        (_note ? [_note] : []),
                        function(d) { return d.status + d.id; }
                    );

                header.exit()
                    .remove();

                var headerEnter = header.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'note-header');

                var iconEnter = headerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'note-header-icon ' + d.status; })
                    .classed('new', function(d) { return d.id < 0; });

                iconEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-icon-28')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-note', 'note-fill'));

                iconEnter.each(function(d) {
                    var statusIcon = '#iD-icon-' + (d.id < 0 ? 'plus' : (d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'apply'));
                    iconEnter
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'note-icon-annotation')
                        .call(svgIcon(statusIcon, 'icon-annotation'));
                });

                headerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'note-header-label')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        if (_note.isNew()) { return _t('note.new'); }
                        return _t('note.note') + ' ' + d.id + ' ' +
                            (d.status === 'closed' ? _t('note.closed') : '');
                    });
            }


            noteHeader.note = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _note; }
                _note = val;
                return noteHeader;
            };


            return noteHeader;
        }

        function uiNoteReport() {
            var _note;

            function noteReport(selection) {
                var url;
                if (services.osm && (_note instanceof osmNote) && (!_note.isNew())) {
                    url = services.osm.noteReportURL(_note);
                }

                var link = selection.selectAll('.note-report')
                    .data(url ? [url] : []);

                // exit
                link.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var linkEnter = link.enter()
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'note-report')
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('href', function(d) { return d; })
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));

                linkEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('note.report'));
            }


            noteReport.note = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _note; }
                _note = val;
                return noteReport;
            };

            return noteReport;
        }

        function uiViewOnOSM(context) {
            var _what;   // an osmEntity or osmNote


            function viewOnOSM(selection) {
                var url;
                if (_what instanceof osmEntity) {
                    url = context.connection().entityURL(_what);
                } else if (_what instanceof osmNote) {
                    url = context.connection().noteURL(_what);
                }

                var data = ((!_what || _what.isNew()) ? [] : [_what]);
                var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-osm')
                    .data(data, function(d) { return d.id; });

                // exit
                link.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var linkEnter = link.enter()
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'view-on-osm')
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('href', url)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));

                linkEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('inspector.view_on_osm'));
            }


            viewOnOSM.what = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _what; }
                _what = _;
                return viewOnOSM;
            };

            return viewOnOSM;
        }

        function uiNoteEditor(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var noteComments = uiNoteComments();
            var noteHeader = uiNoteHeader();

            // var formFields = uiFormFields(context);

            var _note;
            var _newNote;
            // var _fieldsArr;


            function noteEditor(selection) {

                var header = selection.selectAll('.header')
                    .data([0]);

                var headerEnter = header.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'header fillL');

                headerEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'close')
                    .on('click', function() {
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    })
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

                headerEnter
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(_t('note.title'));


                var body = selection.selectAll('.body')
                    .data([0]);

                body = body.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'body')
                    .merge(body);

                var editor = body.selectAll('.note-editor')
                    .data([0]);

                editor.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'modal-section note-editor')
                    .merge(editor)
                    .call(noteHeader.note(_note))
                    .call(noteComments.note(_note))
                    .call(noteSaveSection);

                var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer')
                    .data([0]);

                footer.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'footer')
                    .merge(footer)
                    .call(uiViewOnOSM(context).what(_note))
                    .call(uiNoteReport().note(_note));


                // rerender the note editor on any auth change
                var osm = services.osm;
                if (osm) {
                    osm.on('change.note-save', function() {
                        selection.call(noteEditor);
                    });
                }
            }


            function noteSaveSection(selection) {
                var isSelected = (_note && _note.id === context.selectedNoteID());
                var noteSave = selection.selectAll('.note-save')
                    .data((isSelected ? [_note] : []), function(d) { return d.status + d.id; });

                // exit
                noteSave.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var noteSaveEnter = noteSave.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'note-save save-section cf');

                // // if new note, show categories to pick from
                // if (_note.isNew()) {
                //     var presets = presetManager;

                //     // NOTE: this key isn't a age and therefore there is no documentation (yet)
                //     _fieldsArr = [
                //         uiField(context, presets.field('category'), null, { show: true, revert: false }),
                //     ];

                //     _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
                //         field
                //             .on('change', changeCategory);
                //     });

                //     noteSaveEnter
                //         .append('div')
                //         .attr('class', 'note-category')
                //         .call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr));
                // }

                // function changeCategory() {
                //     // NOTE: perhaps there is a better way to get value
                //     var val = context.container().select('input[name=\'category\']:checked').property('__data__') || undefined;

                //     // store the unsaved category with the note itself
                //     _note = _note.update({ newCategory: val });
                //     var osm = services.osm;
                //     if (osm) {
                //         osm.replaceNote(_note);  // update note cache
                //     }
                //     noteSave
                //         .call(noteSaveButtons);
                // }

                noteSaveEnter
                    .append('h4')
                    .attr('class', '.note-save-header')
                    .text(function() {
                        return _note.isNew() ? _t('note.newDescription') : _t('note.newComment');
                    });

                var commentTextarea = noteSaveEnter
                    .append('textarea')
                    .attr('class', 'new-comment-input')
                    .attr('placeholder', _t('note.inputPlaceholder'))
                    .attr('maxlength', 1000)
                    .property('value', function(d) { return d.newComment; })
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .on('keydown.note-input', keydown)
                    .on('input.note-input', changeInput)
                    .on('blur.note-input', changeInput);

                if (_newNote) {
                    // autofocus the comment field for new notes
                    commentTextarea.node().focus();
                }

                // update
                noteSave = noteSaveEnter
                    .merge(noteSave)
                    .call(userDetails)
                    .call(noteSaveButtons);


                // fast submit if user presses cmd+enter
                function keydown() {
                    if (!(event.keyCode === 13 && event.metaKey)) { return; }

                    var osm = services.osm;
                    if (!osm) { return; }

                    var hasAuth = osm.authenticated();
                    if (!hasAuth) { return; }

                    if (!_note.newComment) { return; }

                    event.preventDefault();

                    select(this)
                        .on('keydown.note-input', null);

                    // focus on button and submit
                    window.setTimeout(function() {
                        if (_note.isNew()) {
                            noteSave.selectAll('.save-button').node().focus();
                            clickSave(_note);
                        } else  {
                            noteSave.selectAll('.comment-button').node().focus();
                            clickComment(_note);
                        }
                    }, 10);
                }


                function changeInput() {
                    var input = select(this);
                    var val = input.property('value').trim() || undefined;

                    // store the unsaved comment with the note itself
                    _note = _note.update({ newComment: val });

                    var osm = services.osm;
                    if (osm) {
                        osm.replaceNote(_note);  // update note cache
                    }

                    noteSave
                        .call(noteSaveButtons);
                }
            }


            function userDetails(selection) {
                var detailSection = selection.selectAll('.detail-section')
                    .data([0]);

                detailSection = detailSection.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'detail-section')
                    .merge(detailSection);

                var osm = services.osm;
                if (!osm) { return; }

                // Add warning if user is not logged in
                var hasAuth = osm.authenticated();
                var authWarning = detailSection.selectAll('.auth-warning')
                    .data(hasAuth ? [] : [0]);

                authWarning.exit()
                    .transition()
                    .duration(200)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .remove();

                var authEnter = authWarning.enter()
                    .insert('div', '.tag-reference-body')
                    .attr('class', 'field-warning auth-warning')
                    .style('opacity', 0);

                authEnter
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'inline'));

                authEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('note.login'));

                authEnter
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('login'))
                    .on('click.note-login', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        osm.authenticate();
                    });

                authEnter
                    .transition()
                    .duration(200)
                    .style('opacity', 1);


                var prose = detailSection.selectAll('.note-save-prose')
                    .data(hasAuth ? [0] : []);

                prose.exit()
                    .remove();

                prose = prose.enter()
                    .append('p')
                    .attr('class', 'note-save-prose')
                    .text(_t('note.upload_explanation'))
                    .merge(prose);

                osm.userDetails(function(err, user) {
                    if (err) { return; }

                    var userLink = select(document.createElement('div'));

                    if (user.image_url) {
                        userLink
                            .append('img')
                            .attr('src', user.image_url)
                            .attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon');
                    }

                    userLink
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'user-info')
                        .text(user.display_name)
                        .attr('href', osm.userURL(user.display_name))
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .attr('target', '_blank');

                    prose
                        .html(_t('note.upload_explanation_with_user', { user: userLink.html() }));
                });
            }


            function noteSaveButtons(selection) {
                var osm = services.osm;
                var hasAuth = osm && osm.authenticated();

                var isSelected = (_note && _note.id === context.selectedNoteID());
                var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons')
                    .data((isSelected ? [_note] : []), function(d) { return d.status + d.id; });

                // exit
                buttonSection.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'buttons');

                if (_note.isNew()) {
                    buttonEnter
                        .append('button')
                        .attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action')
                        .text(_t('confirm.cancel'));

                    buttonEnter
                        .append('button')
                        .attr('class', 'button save-button action')
                        .text(_t('note.save'));

                } else {
                    buttonEnter
                        .append('button')
                        .attr('class', 'button status-button action');

                    buttonEnter
                        .append('button')
                        .attr('class', 'button comment-button action')
                        .text(_t('note.comment'));
                }


                // update
                buttonSection = buttonSection
                    .merge(buttonEnter);

                buttonSection.select('.cancel-button')   // select and propagate data
                    .on('click.cancel', clickCancel);

                buttonSection.select('.save-button')     // select and propagate data
                    .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled)
                    .on('click.save', clickSave);

                buttonSection.select('.status-button')   // select and propagate data
                    .attr('disabled', (hasAuth ? null : true))
                    .text(function(d) {
                        var action = (d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'open');
                        var andComment = (d.newComment ? '_comment' : '');
                        return _t('note.' + action + andComment);
                    })
                    .on('click.status', clickStatus);

                buttonSection.select('.comment-button')   // select and propagate data
                    .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled)
                    .on('click.comment', clickComment);


                function isSaveDisabled(d) {
                    return (hasAuth && d.status === 'open' && d.newComment) ? null : true;
                }
            }



            function clickCancel(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var osm = services.osm;
                if (osm) {
                    osm.removeNote(d);
                }
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                dispatch$1.call('change');
            }


            function clickSave(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var osm = services.osm;
                if (osm) {
                    osm.postNoteCreate(d, function(err, note) {
                        dispatch$1.call('change', note);
                    });
                }
            }


            function clickStatus(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var osm = services.osm;
                if (osm) {
                    var setStatus = (d.status === 'open' ? 'closed' : 'open');
                    osm.postNoteUpdate(d, setStatus, function(err, note) {
                        dispatch$1.call('change', note);
                    });
                }
            }

            function clickComment(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var osm = services.osm;
                if (osm) {
                    osm.postNoteUpdate(d, d.status, function(err, note) {
                        dispatch$1.call('change', note);
                    });
                }
            }


            noteEditor.note = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _note; }
                _note = val;
                return noteEditor;
            };

            noteEditor.newNote = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _newNote; }
                _newNote = val;
                return noteEditor;
            };


            return utilRebind(noteEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function modeSelectNote(context, selectedNoteID) {
            var mode = {
                id: 'select-note',
                button: 'browse'
            };

            var _keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-note');
            var _noteEditor = uiNoteEditor(context)
                .on('change', function() {
                    context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
                    var note = checkSelectedID();
                    if (!note) { return; }
                    context.ui().sidebar
                        .show(_noteEditor.note(note));
                });

            var _behaviors = [
                behaviorBreathe(),
                behaviorHover(context),
                behaviorSelect(context),
                behaviorLasso(context),
                modeDragNode(context).behavior,
                modeDragNote(context).behavior
            ];

            var _newFeature = false;


            function checkSelectedID() {
                if (!services.osm) { return; }
                var note = services.osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
                if (!note) {
                    context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                }
                return note;
            }


            // class the note as selected, or return to browse mode if the note is gone
            function selectNote(drawn) {
                if (!checkSelectedID()) { return; }

                var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.layer-notes .note-' + selectedNoteID);

                if (selection.empty()) {
                    // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
                    // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
                    var source = event && event.type === 'zoom' && event.sourceEvent;
                    if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    }

                } else {
                    selection
                        .classed('selected', true);

                    context.selectedNoteID(selectedNoteID);
                }
            }


            function esc() {
                if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) { return; }
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }


            mode.zoomToSelected = function() {
                if (!services.osm) { return; }
                var note = services.osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
                if (note) {
                    context.map().centerZoomEase(note.loc, 20);
                }
            };


            mode.newFeature = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _newFeature; }
                _newFeature = val;
                return mode;
            };


            mode.enter = function() {
                var note = checkSelectedID();
                if (!note) { return; }

                _behaviors.forEach(context.install);

                _keybinding
                    .on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected)
                    .on('⎋', esc, true);

                select(document)
                    .call(_keybinding);

                selectNote();

                var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
                sidebar.show(_noteEditor.note(note).newNote(_newFeature));

                // expand the sidebar, avoid obscuring the note if needed
                sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(note.extent()));

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.select', selectNote);
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);

                select(document)
                    .call(_keybinding.unbind);

                context.surface()
                    .selectAll('.layer-notes .selected')
                    .classed('selected hover', false);

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.select', null);

                context.ui().sidebar
                    .hide();

                context.selectedNoteID(null);
            };


            return mode;
        }

        function modeDragNote(context) {
            var mode = {
                id: 'drag-note',
                button: 'browse'
            };

            var edit = behaviorEdit(context);

            var _nudgeInterval;
            var _lastLoc;
            var _note;    // most current note.. dragged note may have stale datum.


            function startNudge(nudge) {
                if (_nudgeInterval) { window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval); }
                _nudgeInterval = window.setInterval(function() {
                    context.map().pan(nudge);
                    doMove(nudge);
                }, 50);
            }


            function stopNudge() {
                if (_nudgeInterval) {
                    window.clearInterval(_nudgeInterval);
                    _nudgeInterval = null;
                }
            }


            function origin(note) {
                return context.projection(note.loc);
            }


            function start(note) {
                _note = note;
                var osm = services.osm;
                if (osm) {
                    // Get latest note from cache.. The marker may have a stale datum bound to it
                    // and dragging it around can sometimes delete the users note comment.
                    _note = osm.getNote(_note.id);
                }

                context.surface().selectAll('.note-' + _note.id)
                    .classed('active', true);

                context.perform(actionNoop());
                context.enter(mode);
                context.selectedNoteID(_note.id);
            }


            function move() {
                event.sourceEvent.stopPropagation();
                _lastLoc = context.projection.invert(event.point);

                doMove();
                var nudge = geoViewportEdge(event.point, context.map().dimensions());
                if (nudge) {
                    startNudge(nudge);
                } else {
                    stopNudge();
                }
            }


            function doMove(nudge) {
                nudge = nudge || [0, 0];

                var currPoint = (event && event.point) || context.projection(_lastLoc);
                var currMouse = geoVecSubtract(currPoint, nudge);
                var loc = context.projection.invert(currMouse);

                _note = _note.move(loc);

                var osm = services.osm;
                if (osm) {
                    osm.replaceNote(_note);  // update note cache
                }

                context.replace(actionNoop());   // trigger redraw
            }


            function end() {
                context.replace(actionNoop());   // trigger redraw

                context
                    .selectedNoteID(_note.id)
                    .enter(modeSelectNote(context, _note.id));
            }


            var drag = behaviorDrag()
                .selector('.layer-touch.markers .target.note.new')
                .surface(context.container().select('.main-map').node())
                .origin(origin)
                .on('start', start)
                .on('move', move)
                .on('end', end);


            mode.enter = function() {
                context.install(edit);
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
                context.uninstall(edit);

                context.surface()
                    .selectAll('.active')
                    .classed('active', false);

                stopNudge();
            };

            mode.behavior = drag;

            return mode;
        }

        function uiDataHeader() {
            var _datum;


            function dataHeader(selection) {
                var header = selection.selectAll('.data-header')
                    .data(
                        (_datum ? [_datum] : []),
                        function(d) { return d.__featurehash__; }
                    );

                header.exit()
                    .remove();

                var headerEnter = header.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'data-header');

                var iconEnter = headerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'data-header-icon');

                iconEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-icon-28')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-data', 'note-fill'));

                headerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'data-header-label')
                    .text(_t('map_data.layers.custom.title'));
            }


            dataHeader.datum = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _datum; }
                _datum = val;
                return this;
            };


            return dataHeader;
        }

        // This code assumes that the combobox values will not have duplicate entries.
        // It is keyed on the `value` of the entry. Data should be an array of objects like:
        //   [{
        //       value:  'display text',  // required
        //       title:  'hover text'     // optional
        //   }, ...]

        var _comboHideTimerID;

        function uiCombobox(context, klass) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('accept', 'cancel');
            var container = context.container();

            var _suggestions = [];
            var _data = [];
            var _fetched = {};
            var _selected = null;
            var _canAutocomplete = true;
            var _caseSensitive = false;
            var _cancelFetch = false;
            var _minItems = 2;
            var _tDown = 0;
            var _mouseEnterHandler, _mouseLeaveHandler;

            var _fetcher = function(val, cb) {
                cb(_data.filter(function(d) {
                    var terms = d.terms || [];
                    terms.push(d.value);
                    return terms.some(function(term) {
                        return term
                            .toString()
                            .toLowerCase()
                            .indexOf(val.toLowerCase()) !== -1;
                    });
                }));
            };

            var combobox = function(input, attachTo) {
                if (!input || input.empty()) { return; }

                input
                    .classed('combobox-input', true)
                    .on('focus.combo-input', focus)
                    .on('blur.combo-input', blur)
                    .on('keydown.combo-input', keydown)
                    .on('keyup.combo-input', keyup)
                    .on('input.combo-input', change)
                    .on('mousedown.combo-input', mousedown)
                    .each(function() {
                        var parent = this.parentNode;
                        var sibling = this.nextSibling;

                        select(parent).selectAll('.combobox-caret')
                            .filter(function(d) { return d === input.node(); })
                            .data([input.node()])
                            .enter()
                            .insert('div', function() { return sibling; })
                            .attr('class', 'combobox-caret')
                            .on('mousedown.combo-caret', function() {
                                event.preventDefault(); // don't steal focus from input
                                input.node().focus(); // focus the input as if it was clicked
                                mousedown();
                            })
                            .on('mouseup.combo-caret', function() {
                                event.preventDefault(); // don't steal focus from input
                                mouseup();
                            });
                    });


                function mousedown() {
                    if (event.button !== 0) { return; }    // left click only
                    _tDown = +new Date();

                    // clear selection
                    var start = input.property('selectionStart');
                    var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
                    if (start !== end) {
                        var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
                        input.node().setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);
                        return;
                    }

                    input.on('mouseup.combo-input', mouseup);
                }


                function mouseup() {
                    input.on('mouseup.combo-input', null);
                    if (event.button !== 0) { return; }    // left click only
                    if (input.node() !== document.activeElement) { return; }   // exit if this input is not focused

                    var start = input.property('selectionStart');
                    var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
                    if (start !== end) { return; }  // exit if user is selecting

                    // not showing or showing for a different field - try to show it.
                    var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
                    if (combo.empty() || combo.datum() !== input.node()) {
                        var tOrig = _tDown;
                        window.setTimeout(function() {
                            if (tOrig !== _tDown) { return; }   // exit if user double clicked
                            fetchComboData('', function() {
                                show();
                                render();
                            });
                        }, 250);

                    } else {
                        hide();
                    }
                }


                function focus() {
                    fetchComboData('');   // prefetch values (may warm taginfo cache)
                }


                function blur() {
                    _comboHideTimerID = window.setTimeout(hide, 75);
                }


                function show() {
                    hide();   // remove any existing

                    container
                        .insert('div', ':first-child')
                        .datum(input.node())
                        .attr('class', 'combobox' + (klass ? ' combobox-' + klass : ''))
                        .style('position', 'absolute')
                        .style('display', 'block')
                        .style('left', '0px')
                        .on('mousedown.combo-container', function () {
                            // prevent moving focus out of the input field
                            event.preventDefault();
                        });

                    container
                        .on('scroll.combo-scroll', render, true);
                }


                function hide() {
                    if (_comboHideTimerID) {
                        window.clearTimeout(_comboHideTimerID);
                        _comboHideTimerID = undefined;
                    }

                    container.selectAll('.combobox')
                        .remove();

                    container
                        .on('scroll.combo-scroll', null);
                }


                function keydown() {
                    var shown = !container.selectAll('.combobox').empty();
                    var tagName = input.node() ? input.node().tagName.toLowerCase() : '';

                    switch (event.keyCode) {
                        case 8:   // ⌫ Backspace
                        case 46:  // ⌦ Delete
                            event.stopPropagation();
                            _selected = null;
                            render();
                            input.on('input.combo-input', function() {
                                var start = input.property('selectionStart');
                                input.node().setSelectionRange(start, start);
                                input.on('input.combo-input', change);
                            });
                            break;

                        case 9:   // ⇥ Tab
                            accept();
                            break;

                        case 13:  // ↩ Return
                            event.preventDefault();
                            event.stopPropagation();
                            break;

                        case 38:  // ↑ Up arrow
                            if (tagName === 'textarea' && !shown) { return; }
                            event.preventDefault();
                            if (tagName === 'input' && !shown) {
                                show();
                            }
                            nav(-1);
                            break;

                        case 40:  // ↓ Down arrow
                            if (tagName === 'textarea' && !shown) { return; }
                            event.preventDefault();
                            if (tagName === 'input' && !shown) {
                                show();
                            }
                            nav(+1);
                            break;
                    }
                }


                function keyup() {
                    switch (event.keyCode) {
                        case 27:  // ⎋ Escape
                            cancel();
                            break;

                        case 13:  // ↩ Return
                            accept();
                            break;
                    }
                }


                // Called whenever the input value is changed (e.g. on typing)
                function change() {
                    fetchComboData(value(), function() {
                        _selected = null;
                        var val = input.property('value');

                        if (_suggestions.length) {
                            if (input.property('selectionEnd') === val.length) {
                                _selected = tryAutocomplete();
                            }

                            if (!_selected) {
                                _selected = val;
                            }
                        }

                        if (val.length) {
                            var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
                            if (combo.empty()) {
                                show();
                            }
                        } else {
                            hide();
                        }

                        render();
                    });
                }


                // Called when the user presses up/down arrows to navigate the list
                function nav(dir) {
                    if (_suggestions.length) {
                        // try to determine previously selected index..
                        var index = -1;
                        for (var i = 0; i < _suggestions.length; i++) {
                            if (_selected && _suggestions[i].value === _selected) {
                                index = i;
                                break;
                            }
                        }

                        // pick new _selected
                        index = Math.max(Math.min(index + dir, _suggestions.length - 1), 0);
                        _selected = _suggestions[index].value;
                        input.property('value', _selected);
                    }

                    render();
                    ensureVisible();
                }


                function ensureVisible() {
                    var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
                    if (combo.empty()) { return; }

                    var containerRect = container.node().getBoundingClientRect();
                    var comboRect = combo.node().getBoundingClientRect();

                    if (comboRect.bottom > containerRect.bottom) {
                        var node = attachTo ? attachTo.node() : input.node();
                        node.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'instant', block: 'center' });
                        render();
                    }

                    // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11039885/scrollintoview-causing-the-whole-page-to-move
                    var selected = combo.selectAll('.combobox-option.selected').node();
                    if (selected) {
                        selected.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'nearest' });
                    }
                }


                function value() {
                    var value = input.property('value');
                    var start = input.property('selectionStart');
                    var end = input.property('selectionEnd');

                    if (start && end) {
                        value = value.substring(0, start);
                    }

                    return value;
                }


                function fetchComboData(v, cb) {
                    _cancelFetch = false;

                    _fetcher.call(input, v, function(results) {
                        // already chose a value, don't overwrite or autocomplete it
                        if (_cancelFetch) { return; }

                        _suggestions = results;
                        results.forEach(function(d) { _fetched[d.value] = d; });

                        if (cb) {
                            cb();
                        }
                    });
                }


                function tryAutocomplete() {
                    if (!_canAutocomplete) { return; }

                    var val = _caseSensitive ? value() : value().toLowerCase();
                    if (!val) { return; }

                    // Don't autocomplete if user is typing a number - #4935
                    if (!isNaN(parseFloat(val)) && isFinite(val)) { return; }

                    var bestIndex = -1;
                    for (var i = 0; i < _suggestions.length; i++) {
                        var suggestion = _suggestions[i].value;
                        var compare = _caseSensitive ? suggestion : suggestion.toLowerCase();

                        // if search string matches suggestion exactly, pick it..
                        if (compare === val) {
                            bestIndex = i;
                            break;

                        // otherwise lock in the first result that starts with the search string..
                        } else if (bestIndex === -1 && compare.indexOf(val) === 0) {
                            bestIndex = i;
                        }
                    }

                    if (bestIndex !== -1) {
                        var bestVal = _suggestions[bestIndex].value;
                        input.property('value', bestVal);
                        input.node().setSelectionRange(val.length, bestVal.length);
                        return bestVal;
                    }
                }


                function render() {
                    if (_suggestions.length < _minItems || document.activeElement !== input.node()) {
                        hide();
                        return;
                    }

                    var shown = !container.selectAll('.combobox').empty();
                    if (!shown) { return; }

                    var combo = container.selectAll('.combobox');
                    var options = combo.selectAll('.combobox-option')
                        .data(_suggestions, function(d) { return d.value; });

                    options.exit()
                        .remove();

                    // enter/update
                    options.enter()
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'combobox-option')
                        .attr('title', function(d) { return d.title; })
                        .text(function(d) { return d.display || d.value; })
                        .on('mouseenter', _mouseEnterHandler)
                        .on('mouseleave', _mouseLeaveHandler)
                        .merge(options)
                        .classed('selected', function(d) { return d.value === _selected; })
                        .on('click.combo-option', accept)
                        .order();

                    var node = attachTo ? attachTo.node() : input.node();
                    var containerRect = container.node().getBoundingClientRect();
                    var rect = node.getBoundingClientRect();

                    combo
                        .style('left', (rect.left + 5 - containerRect.left) + 'px')
                        .style('width', (rect.width - 10) + 'px')
                        .style('top', (rect.height + rect.top - containerRect.top) + 'px');
                }


                // Dispatches an 'accept' event
                // Then hides the combobox.
                function accept(d) {
                    _cancelFetch = true;
                    var thiz = input.node();

                    if (d) {   // user clicked on a suggestion
                        utilGetSetValue(input, d.value);    // replace field contents
                        utilTriggerEvent(input, 'change');
                    }

                    // clear (and keep) selection
                    var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
                    thiz.setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);

                    d = _fetched[val];
                    dispatch$1.call('accept', thiz, d, val);
                    hide();
                }


                // Dispatches an 'cancel' event
                // Then hides the combobox.
                function cancel() {
                    _cancelFetch = true;
                    var thiz = input.node();

                    // clear (and remove) selection, and replace field contents
                    var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
                    var start = input.property('selectionStart');
                    var end = input.property('selectionEnd');
                    val = val.slice(0, start) + val.slice(end);
                    utilGetSetValue(input, val);
                    thiz.setSelectionRange(val.length, val.length);

                    dispatch$1.call('cancel', thiz);
                    hide();
                }

            };


            combobox.canAutocomplete = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _canAutocomplete; }
                _canAutocomplete = val;
                return combobox;
            };

            combobox.caseSensitive = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _caseSensitive; }
                _caseSensitive = val;
                return combobox;
            };

            combobox.data = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _data; }
                _data = val;
                return combobox;
            };

            combobox.fetcher = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _fetcher; }
                _fetcher = val;
                return combobox;
            };

            combobox.minItems = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _minItems; }
                _minItems = val;
                return combobox;
            };

            combobox.itemsMouseEnter = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _mouseEnterHandler; }
                _mouseEnterHandler = val;
                return combobox;
            };

            combobox.itemsMouseLeave = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _mouseLeaveHandler; }
                _mouseLeaveHandler = val;
                return combobox;
            };

            return utilRebind(combobox, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }


        uiCombobox.off = function(input, context) {
            input
                .on('focus.combo-input', null)
                .on('blur.combo-input', null)
                .on('keydown.combo-input', null)
                .on('keyup.combo-input', null)
                .on('input.combo-input', null)
                .on('mousedown.combo-input', null)
                .on('mouseup.combo-input', null);


            context.container()
                .on('scroll.combo-scroll', null);
        };

        // toggles the visibility of ui elements, using a combination of the
        // hide class, which sets display=none, and a d3 transition for opacity.
        // this will cause blinking when called repeatedly, so check that the
        // value actually changes between calls.
        function uiToggle(show, callback) {
            return function(selection) {
                selection
                    .style('opacity', show ? 0 : 1)
                    .classed('hide', false)
                    .transition()
                    .style('opacity', show ? 1 : 0)
                    .on('end', function() {
                        select(this)
                            .classed('hide', !show)
                            .style('opacity', null);
                        if (callback) { callback.apply(this); }
                    });
            };
        }

        function uiDisclosure(context, key, expandedDefault) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('toggled');
            var _expanded;
            var _title = utilFunctor('');
            var _updatePreference = true;
            var _content = function () {};


            var disclosure = function(selection) {

                if (_expanded === undefined || _expanded === null) {
                    // loading _expanded here allows it to be reset by calling `disclosure.expanded(null)`

                    var preference = corePreferences('disclosure.' + key + '.expanded');
                    _expanded = preference === null ? !!expandedDefault : (preference === 'true');
                }

                var hideToggle = selection.selectAll('.hide-toggle-' + key)
                    .data([0]);

                // enter
                var hideToggleEnter = hideToggle.enter()
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .attr('class', 'hide-toggle hide-toggle-' + key)
                    .call(svgIcon('', 'pre-text', 'hide-toggle-icon'));

                hideToggleEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'hide-toggle-text');

                // update
                hideToggle = hideToggleEnter
                    .merge(hideToggle);

                hideToggle
                    .on('click', toggle)
                    .classed('expanded', _expanded);

                hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-text')
                    .text(_title());

                hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-icon')
                    .attr('xlink:href', _expanded ? '#iD-icon-down'
                        : (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'
                    );


                var wrap = selection.selectAll('.disclosure-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter/update
                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'disclosure-wrap disclosure-wrap-' + key)
                    .merge(wrap)
                    .classed('hide', !_expanded);

                if (_expanded) {
                    wrap
                        .call(_content);
                }


                function toggle() {
                    event.preventDefault();

                    _expanded = !_expanded;

                    if (_updatePreference) {
                        corePreferences('disclosure.' + key + '.expanded', _expanded);
                    }

                    hideToggle
                        .classed('expanded', _expanded);

                    hideToggle.selectAll('.hide-toggle-icon')
                        .attr('xlink:href', _expanded ? '#iD-icon-down'
                            : (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'
                        );

                    wrap
                        .call(uiToggle(_expanded));

                    if (_expanded) {
                        wrap
                            .call(_content);
                    }

                    dispatch$1.call('toggled', this, _expanded);
                }
            };


            disclosure.title = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _title; }
                _title = utilFunctor(val);
                return disclosure;
            };


            disclosure.expanded = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _expanded; }
                _expanded = val;
                return disclosure;
            };


            disclosure.updatePreference = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _updatePreference; }
                _updatePreference = val;
                return disclosure;
            };


            disclosure.content = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _content; }
                _content = val;
                return disclosure;
            };


            return utilRebind(disclosure, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        // A unit of controls or info to be used in a layout, such as within a pane.
        // Can be labeled and collapsible.
        function uiSection(id, context) {

            var _classes = utilFunctor('');
            var _shouldDisplay;
            var _content;

            var _disclosure;
            var _title;
            var _expandedByDefault = utilFunctor(true);
            var _disclosureContent;
            var _disclosureExpanded;

            var _containerSelection = select(null);

            var section = {
                id: id
            };

            section.classes = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _classes; }
                _classes = utilFunctor(val);
                return section;
            };

            section.title = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _title; }
                _title = utilFunctor(val);
                return section;
            };

            section.expandedByDefault = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _expandedByDefault; }
                _expandedByDefault = utilFunctor(val);
                return section;
            };

            section.shouldDisplay = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _shouldDisplay; }
                _shouldDisplay = utilFunctor(val);
                return section;
            };

            section.content = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _content; }
                _content = val;
                return section;
            };

            section.disclosureContent = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _disclosureContent; }
                _disclosureContent = val;
                return section;
            };

            section.disclosureExpanded = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _disclosureExpanded; }
                _disclosureExpanded = val;
                return section;
            };

            // may be called multiple times
            section.render = function(selection) {

                _containerSelection = selection
                    .selectAll('.section-' + id)
                    .data([0]);

                var sectionEnter = _containerSelection
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'section section-' + id + ' ' + (_classes && _classes() || ''));

                _containerSelection = sectionEnter
                    .merge(_containerSelection);

                _containerSelection
                    .call(renderContent);
            };

            section.reRender = function() {
                _containerSelection
                    .call(renderContent);
            };

            section.selection = function() {
                return _containerSelection;
            };

            section.disclosure = function() {
                return _disclosure;
            };

            // may be called multiple times
            function renderContent(selection) {
                if (_shouldDisplay) {
                    var shouldDisplay = _shouldDisplay();
                    selection.classed('hide', !shouldDisplay);
                    if (!shouldDisplay) {
                        selection.html('');
                        return;
                    }
                }

                if (_disclosureContent) {
                    if (!_disclosure) {
                        _disclosure = uiDisclosure(context, id.replace(/-/g, '_'), _expandedByDefault())
                            .title(_title || '')
                            /*.on('toggled', function(expanded) {
                                if (expanded) { selection.node().parentNode.scrollTop += 200; }
                            })*/
                            .content(_disclosureContent);
                    }
                    if (_disclosureExpanded !== undefined) {
                        _disclosure.expanded(_disclosureExpanded);
                        _disclosureExpanded = undefined;
                    }
                    selection
                        .call(_disclosure);

                    return;
                }

                if (_content) {
                    selection
                        .call(_content);
                }
            }

            return section;
        }

        // Pass `what` object of the form:
        // {
        //   key: 'string',     // required
        //   value: 'string'    // optional
        // }
        //   -or-
        // {
        //   qid: 'string'      // brand wikidata  (e.g. 'Q37158')
        // }
        //
        function uiTagReference(what) {
            var wikibase = what.qid ? services.wikidata : services.osmWikibase;
            var tagReference = {};

            var _button = select(null);
            var _body = select(null);
            var _loaded;
            var _showing;


            function load() {
                if (!wikibase) { return; }

                _button
                    .classed('tag-reference-loading', true);

                wikibase.getDocs(what, gotDocs);
            }


            function gotDocs(err, docs) {
                _body.html('');

                if (!docs || !docs.title) {
                    _body
                        .append('p')
                        .attr('class', 'tag-reference-description')
                        .text(_t('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
                    done();
                    return;
                }

                if (docs.imageURL) {
                    _body
                        .append('img')
                        .attr('class', 'tag-reference-wiki-image')
                        .attr('src', docs.imageURL)
                        .on('load', function() { done(); })
                        .on('error', function() { select(this).remove(); done(); });
                } else {
                    done();
                }

                _body
                    .append('p')
                    .attr('class', 'tag-reference-description')
                    .text(docs.description || _t('inspector.no_documentation_key'))
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'tag-reference-edit')
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .attr('title', _t('inspector.edit_reference'))
                    .attr('href', docs.editURL)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-edit', 'inline'));

                if (docs.wiki) {
                    _body
                      .append('a')
                      .attr('class', 'tag-reference-link')
                      .attr('target', '_blank')
                      .attr('tabindex', -1)
                      .attr('href', docs.wiki.url)
                      .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
                      .append('span')
                      .text(_t(docs.wiki.text));
                }

                // Add link to info about "good changeset comments" - #2923
                if (what.key === 'comment') {
                    _body
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'tag-reference-comment-link')
                        .attr('target', '_blank')
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
                        .attr('href', _t('commit.about_changeset_comments_link'))
                        .append('span')
                        .text(_t('commit.about_changeset_comments'));
                }
            }


            function done() {
                _loaded = true;

                _button
                    .classed('tag-reference-loading', false);

                _body
                    .classed('expanded', true)
                    .transition()
                    .duration(200)
                    .style('max-height', '200px')
                    .style('opacity', '1');

                _showing = true;

                _button.selectAll('svg.icon use').each(function() {
                    var iconUse = select(this);
                    if (iconUse.attr('href') === '#iD-icon-info') {
                        iconUse.attr('href', '#iD-icon-info-filled');
                    }
                });
            }


            function hide() {
                _body
                    .transition()
                    .duration(200)
                    .style('max-height', '0px')
                    .style('opacity', '0')
                    .on('end', function () {
                        _body.classed('expanded', false);
                    });

                _showing = false;

                _button.selectAll('svg.icon use').each(function() {
                    var iconUse = select(this);
                    if (iconUse.attr('href') === '#iD-icon-info-filled') {
                        iconUse.attr('href', '#iD-icon-info');
                    }
                });

            }


            tagReference.button = function(selection, klass, iconName) {
                _button = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-button')
                    .data([0]);

                _button = _button.enter()
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'tag-reference-button ' + klass)
                    .attr('title', _t('icons.information'))
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (iconName || 'inspect')))
                    .merge(_button);

                _button
                    .on('click', function () {
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        event.preventDefault();
                        this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                        if (_showing) {
                            hide();
                        } else if (_loaded) {
                            done();
                        } else {
                            load();
                        }
                    });
            };


            tagReference.body = function(selection) {
                var itemID = what.qid || (what.key + '-' + (what.value || ''));
                _body = selection.selectAll('.tag-reference-body')
                    .data([itemID], function(d) { return d; });

                _body.exit()
                    .remove();

                _body = _body.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'tag-reference-body')
                    .style('max-height', '0')
                    .style('opacity', '0')
                    .merge(_body);

                if (_showing === false) {
                    hide();
                }
            };


            tagReference.showing = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _showing; }
                _showing = val;
                return tagReference;
            };


            return tagReference;
        }

        function uiSectionRawTagEditor(id, context) {

            var section = uiSection(id, context)
                .classes('raw-tag-editor')
                .title(function() {
                    var count = Object.keys(_tags).filter(function(d) { return d; }).length;
                    return _t('inspector.title_count', { title: _t('inspector.tags'), count: count });
                })
                .expandedByDefault(false)
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            var taginfo = services.taginfo;
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var availableViews = [
                { id: 'text', icon: '#fas-i-cursor' },
                { id: 'list', icon: '#fas-th-list' }
            ];

            var _tagView = (corePreferences('raw-tag-editor-view') || 'list');   // 'list, 'text'
            var _readOnlyTags = [];
            // the keys in the order we want them to display
            var _orderedKeys = [];
            var _showBlank = false;
            var _pendingChange = null;
            var _state;
            var _presets;
            var _tags;
            var _entityIDs;

            function renderDisclosureContent(wrap) {

                // remove deleted keys
                _orderedKeys = _orderedKeys.filter(function(key) {
                    return _tags[key] !== undefined;
                });

                // When switching to a different entity or changing the state (hover/select)
                // reorder the keys alphabetically.
                // We trigger this by emptying the `_orderedKeys` array, then it will be rebuilt here.
                // Otherwise leave their order alone - #5857, #5927
                var all = Object.keys(_tags).sort();
                var missingKeys = utilArrayDifference(all, _orderedKeys);
                for (var i in missingKeys) {
                    _orderedKeys.push(missingKeys[i]);
                }

                // assemble row data
                var rowData = _orderedKeys.map(function(key, i) {
                    return { index: i, key: key, value: _tags[key] };
                });

                // append blank row last, if necessary
                if (!rowData.length || _showBlank) {
                    _showBlank = false;
                    rowData.push({ index: rowData.length, key: '', value: '' });
                }


                // View Options
                var options = wrap.selectAll('.raw-tag-options')
                    .data([0]);

                options.exit()
                    .remove();

                var optionsEnter = options.enter()
                    .insert('div', ':first-child')
                    .attr('class', 'raw-tag-options');

                var optionEnter = optionsEnter.selectAll('.raw-tag-option')
                    .data(availableViews, function(d) { return d.id; })
                    .enter();

                optionEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', function(d) {
                        return 'raw-tag-option raw-tag-option-' + d.id + (_tagView === d.id ? ' selected' : '');
                    })
                    .attr('title', function(d) { return _t('icons.' + d.id); })
                    .on('click', function(d) {
                        _tagView = d.id;
                        corePreferences('raw-tag-editor-view', d.id);

                        wrap.selectAll('.raw-tag-option')
                            .classed('selected', function(datum) { return datum === d; });

                        wrap.selectAll('.tag-text')
                            .classed('hide', (d.id !== 'text'))
                            .each(setTextareaHeight);

                        wrap.selectAll('.tag-list, .add-row')
                            .classed('hide', (d.id !== 'list'));
                    })
                    .each(function(d) {
                        select(this)
                            .call(svgIcon(d.icon));
                    });


                // View as Text
                var textData = rowsToText(rowData);
                var textarea = wrap.selectAll('.tag-text')
                    .data([0]);

                textarea = textarea.enter()
                    .append('textarea')
                    .attr('class', 'tag-text' + (_tagView !== 'text' ? ' hide' : ''))
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.key_value'))
                    .attr('spellcheck', 'false')
                    .merge(textarea);

                textarea
                    .call(utilGetSetValue, textData)
                    .each(setTextareaHeight)
                    .on('input', setTextareaHeight)
                    .on('blur', textChanged)
                    .on('change', textChanged);


                // View as List
                var list = wrap.selectAll('.tag-list')
                    .data([0]);

                list = list.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'tag-list' + (_tagView !== 'list' ? ' hide' : ''))
                    .merge(list);


                // Container for the Add button
                var addRowEnter = wrap.selectAll('.add-row')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'add-row' + (_tagView !== 'list' ? ' hide' : ''));

                addRowEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'add-tag')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'light'))
                    .on('click', addTag);

                addRowEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'space-value');   // preserve space

                addRowEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'space-buttons');  // preserve space


                // Tag list items
                var items = list.selectAll('.tag-row')
                    .data(rowData, function(d) { return d.key; });

                items.exit()
                    .each(unbind)
                    .remove();


                // Enter
                var itemsEnter = items.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'tag-row')
                    .classed('readonly', isReadOnly);

                var innerWrap = itemsEnter.append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'inner-wrap');

                innerWrap
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'key-wrap')
                    .append('input')
                    .property('type', 'text')
                    .attr('class', 'key')
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .on('blur', keyChange)
                    .on('change', keyChange);

                innerWrap
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'value-wrap')
                    .append('input')
                    .property('type', 'text')
                    .attr('class', 'value')
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .on('blur', valueChange)
                    .on('change', valueChange)
                    .on('keydown.push-more', pushMore);

                innerWrap
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-button remove')
                    .attr('title', _t('icons.remove'))
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));


                // Update
                items = items
                    .merge(itemsEnter)
                    .sort(function(a, b) { return a.index - b.index; });

                items
                    .each(function(d) {
                        var row = select(this);
                        var key = row.select('input.key');      // propagate bound data
                        var value = row.select('input.value');  // propagate bound data

                        if (_entityIDs && taginfo && _state !== 'hover') {
                            bindTypeahead(key, value);
                        }

                        var referenceOptions = { key: d.key };
                        if (typeof d.value === 'string') {
                            referenceOptions.value = d.value;
                        }
                        var reference = uiTagReference(referenceOptions);

                        if (_state === 'hover') {
                            reference.showing(false);
                        }

                        row.select('.inner-wrap')      // propagate bound data
                            .call(reference.button);

                        row.call(reference.body);

                        row.select('button.remove');   // propagate bound data
                    });

                items.selectAll('input.key')
                    .attr('title', function(d) { return d.key; })
                    .call(utilGetSetValue, function(d) { return d.key; })
                    .attr('readonly', function(d) {
                        return (isReadOnly(d) || (typeof d.value !== 'string')) || null;
                    });

                items.selectAll('input.value')
                    .attr('title', function(d) {
                        return Array.isArray(d.value) ? d.value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : d.value;
                    })
                    .classed('mixed', function(d) {
                        return Array.isArray(d.value);
                    })
                    .attr('placeholder', function(d) {
                        return typeof d.value === 'string' ? null : _t('inspector.multiple_values');
                    })
                    .call(utilGetSetValue, function(d) {
                        return typeof d.value === 'string' ? d.value : '';
                    })
                    .attr('readonly', function(d) {
                        return isReadOnly(d) || null;
                    });

                items.selectAll('button.remove')
                    .on(('PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse') + 'down', removeTag);  // 'click' fires too late - #5878

            }

            function isReadOnly(d) {
                for (var i = 0; i < _readOnlyTags.length; i++) {
                    if (d.key.match(_readOnlyTags[i]) !== null) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
                return false;
            }

            function setTextareaHeight() {
                if (_tagView !== 'text') { return; }

                var selection = select(this);
                selection.style('height', null);
                selection.style('height', selection.node().scrollHeight + 5 + 'px');
            }

            function stringify(s) {
                return JSON.stringify(s).slice(1, -1);   // without leading/trailing "
            }

            function unstringify(s) {
                var leading = '';
                var trailing = '';
                if (s.length < 1 || s.charAt(0) !== '"') {
                    leading = '"';
                }
                if (s.length < 2 || s.charAt(s.length - 1) !== '"' ||
                    (s.charAt(s.length - 1) === '"' && s.charAt(s.length - 2) === '\\')
                ) {
                    trailing = '"';
                }
                return JSON.parse(leading + s + trailing);
            }

            function rowsToText(rows) {
                var str = rows
                    .filter(function(row) { return row.key && row.key.trim() !== ''; })
                    .map(function(row) {
                        var rawVal = row.value;
                        if (typeof rawVal !== 'string') { rawVal = '*'; }
                        var val = rawVal ? stringify(rawVal) : '';
                        return stringify(row.key) + '=' + val;
                    })
                    .join('\n');

                if (_state !== 'hover' && str.length) {
                    return str + '\n';
                }
                return  str;
            }

            function textChanged() {
                var newText = this.value.trim();
                var newTags = {};
                newText.split('\n').forEach(function(row) {
                    var m = row.match(/^\s*([^=]+)=(.*)$/);
                    if (m !== null) {
                        var k = context.cleanTagKey(unstringify(m[1].trim()));
                        var v = context.cleanTagValue(unstringify(m[2].trim()));
                        newTags[k] = v;
                    }
                });

                var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(_tags, newTags);
                if (!tagDiff.length) { return; }

                _pendingChange  = _pendingChange || {};

                tagDiff.forEach(function(change) {
                    if (isReadOnly({ key: change.key })) { return; }

                    // skip unchanged multiselection placeholders
                    if (change.newVal === '*' && typeof change.oldVal !== 'string') { return; }

                    if (change.type === '-') {
                        _pendingChange[change.key] = undefined;
                    } else if (change.type === '+') {
                        _pendingChange[change.key] = change.newVal || '';
                    }
                });

                if (Object.keys(_pendingChange).length === 0) {
                    _pendingChange = null;
                    return;
                }

                scheduleChange();
            }

            function pushMore() {
                // if pressing Tab on the last value field with content, add a blank row
                if (event.keyCode === 9 && !event.shiftKey &&
                    section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list li:last-child input.value').node() === this &&
                    utilGetSetValue(select(this))) {
                    addTag();
                }
            }

            function bindTypeahead(key, value) {
                if (isReadOnly(key.datum())) { return; }

                if (Array.isArray(value.datum().value)) {
                    value.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-value')
                        .minItems(1)
                        .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
                            var keyString = utilGetSetValue(key);
                            if (!_tags[keyString]) { return; }
                            var data = _tags[keyString].filter(Boolean).map(function(tagValue) {
                                return {
                                    value: tagValue,
                                    title: tagValue
                                };
                            });
                            callback(data);
                        }));
                    return;
                }

                var geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]);

                key.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-key')
                    .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
                        taginfo.keys({
                            debounce: true,
                            geometry: geometry,
                            query: value
                        }, function(err, data) {
                            if (!err) {
                                var filtered = data.filter(function(d) { return _tags[d.value] === undefined; });
                                callback(sort(value, filtered));
                            }
                        });
                    }));

                value.call(uiCombobox(context, 'tag-value')
                    .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
                        taginfo.values({
                            debounce: true,
                            key: utilGetSetValue(key),
                            geometry: geometry,
                            query: value
                        }, function(err, data) {
                            if (!err) { callback(sort(value, data)); }
                        });
                    }));


                function sort(value, data) {
                    var sameletter = [];
                    var other = [];
                    for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                        if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
                            sameletter.push(data[i]);
                        } else {
                            other.push(data[i]);
                        }
                    }
                    return sameletter.concat(other);
                }
            }

            function unbind() {
                var row = select(this);

                row.selectAll('input.key')
                    .call(uiCombobox.off, context);

                row.selectAll('input.value')
                    .call(uiCombobox.off, context);
            }

            function keyChange(d) {
                if (select(this).attr('readonly')) { return; }

                var kOld = d.key;

                // exit if we are currently about to delete this row anyway - #6366
                if (_pendingChange && _pendingChange.hasOwnProperty(kOld) && _pendingChange[kOld] === undefined) { return; }

                var kNew = context.cleanTagKey(this.value.trim());

                // allow no change if the key should be readonly
                if (isReadOnly({ key: kNew })) {
                    this.value = kOld;
                    return;
                }

                if (kNew &&
                    kNew !== kOld &&
                    _tags[kNew] !== undefined) {
                    // new key is already in use, switch focus to the existing row

                    this.value = kOld;                // reset the key
                    section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list input.value')
                        .each(function(d) {
                            if (d.key === kNew) {     // send focus to that other value combo instead
                                var input = select(this).node();
                                input.focus();
                                input.select();
                            }
                        });
                    return;
                }


                var row = this.parentNode.parentNode;
                var inputVal = select(row).selectAll('input.value');
                var vNew = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(inputVal));

                _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};

                if (kOld) {
                    _pendingChange[kOld] = undefined;
                }

                _pendingChange[kNew] = vNew;

                // update the ordered key index so this row doesn't change position
                var existingKeyIndex = _orderedKeys.indexOf(kOld);
                if (existingKeyIndex !== -1) { _orderedKeys[existingKeyIndex] = kNew; }

                d.key = kNew;    // update datum to avoid exit/enter on tag update
                d.value = vNew;

                this.value = kNew;
                utilGetSetValue(inputVal, vNew);
                scheduleChange();
            }

            function valueChange(d) {
                if (isReadOnly(d)) { return; }

                // exit if this is a multiselection and no value was entered
                if (typeof d.value !== 'string' && !this.value) { return; }

                // exit if we are currently about to delete this row anyway - #6366
                if (_pendingChange && _pendingChange.hasOwnProperty(d.key) && _pendingChange[d.key] === undefined) { return; }

                _pendingChange = _pendingChange || {};

                _pendingChange[d.key] = context.cleanTagValue(this.value);
                scheduleChange();
            }

            function removeTag(d) {
                if (isReadOnly(d)) { return; }

                if (d.key === '') {    // removing the blank row
                    _showBlank = false;
                    section.reRender();

                } else {
                    // remove the key from the ordered key index
                    _orderedKeys = _orderedKeys.filter(function(key) { return key !== d.key; });

                    _pendingChange  = _pendingChange || {};
                    _pendingChange[d.key] = undefined;
                    scheduleChange();
                }
            }

            function addTag() {
                // Delay render in case this click is blurring an edited combo.
                // Without the setTimeout, the `content` render would wipe out the pending tag change.
                window.setTimeout(function() {
                    _showBlank = true;
                    section.reRender();
                    section.selection().selectAll('.tag-list li:last-child input.key').node().focus();
                }, 20);
            }

            function scheduleChange() {
                // Cache IDs in case the editor is reloaded before the change event is called. - #6028
                var entityIDs = _entityIDs;

                // Delay change in case this change is blurring an edited combo. - #5878
                window.setTimeout(function() {
                    if (!_pendingChange) { return; }

                    dispatch$1.call('change', this, entityIDs, _pendingChange);
                    _pendingChange = null;
                }, 10);
            }


            section.state = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _state; }
                if (_state !== val) {
                    _orderedKeys = [];
                    _state = val;
                }
                return section;
            };


            section.presets = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _presets; }
                _presets = val;
                if (_presets && _presets.length && _presets[0].isFallback()) {
                    section.disclosureExpanded(true);
                } else {
                    section.disclosureExpanded(null);
                }
                return section;
            };


            section.tags = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _tags; }
                _tags = val;
                return section;
            };


            section.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                if (!_entityIDs || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
                    _entityIDs = val;
                    _orderedKeys = [];
                }
                return section;
            };


            // pass an array of regular expressions to test against the tag key
            section.readOnlyTags = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _readOnlyTags; }
                _readOnlyTags = val;
                return section;
            };


            return utilRebind(section, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiDataEditor(context) {
            var dataHeader = uiDataHeader();
            var rawTagEditor = uiSectionRawTagEditor('custom-data-tag-editor', context)
                .expandedByDefault(true)
                .readOnlyTags([/./]);
            var _datum;


            function dataEditor(selection) {

                var header = selection.selectAll('.header')
                    .data([0]);

                var headerEnter = header.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'header fillL');

                headerEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'close')
                    .on('click', function() {
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    })
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

                headerEnter
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(_t('map_data.title'));


                var body = selection.selectAll('.body')
                    .data([0]);

                body = body.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'body')
                    .merge(body);

                var editor = body.selectAll('.data-editor')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter/update
                editor.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'modal-section data-editor')
                    .merge(editor)
                    .call(dataHeader.datum(_datum));

                var rte = body.selectAll('.raw-tag-editor')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter/update
                rte.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'raw-tag-editor data-editor')
                    .merge(rte)
                    .call(rawTagEditor
                        .tags((_datum && _datum.properties) || {})
                        .state('hover')
                        .render
                    )
                    .selectAll('textarea.tag-text')
                    .attr('readonly', true)
                    .classed('readonly', true);
            }


            dataEditor.datum = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _datum; }
                _datum = val;
                return this;
            };


            return dataEditor;
        }

        function modeSelectData(context, selectedDatum) {
            var mode = {
                id: 'select-data',
                button: 'browse'
            };

            var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-data');
            var dataEditor = uiDataEditor(context);

            var behaviors = [
                behaviorBreathe(),
                behaviorHover(context),
                behaviorSelect(context),
                behaviorLasso(context),
                modeDragNode(context).behavior,
                modeDragNote(context).behavior
            ];


            // class the data as selected, or return to browse mode if the data is gone
            function selectData(drawn) {
                var selection = context.surface().selectAll('.layer-mapdata .data' + selectedDatum.__featurehash__);

                if (selection.empty()) {
                    // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
                    // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
                    var source = event && event.type === 'zoom' && event.sourceEvent;
                    if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    }
                } else {
                    selection.classed('selected', true);
                }
            }


            function esc() {
                if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) { return; }
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }


            mode.zoomToSelected = function() {
                var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds(selectedDatum));
                context.map().centerZoomEase(extent.center(), context.map().trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
            };


            mode.enter = function() {
                behaviors.forEach(context.install);

                keybinding
                    .on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected)
                    .on('⎋', esc, true);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding);

                selectData();

                var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
                sidebar.show(dataEditor.datum(selectedDatum));

                // expand the sidebar, avoid obscuring the data if needed
                var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds(selectedDatum));
                sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(extent));

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.select-data', selectData);
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding.unbind);

                context.surface()
                    .selectAll('.layer-mapdata .selected')
                    .classed('selected hover', false);

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.select-data', null);

                context.ui().sidebar
                    .hide();
            };


            return mode;
        }

        function uiImproveOsmComments() {
          var _qaItem;

          function issueComments(selection) {
            // make the div immediately so it appears above the buttons
            var comments = selection.selectAll('.comments-container')
              .data([0]);

            comments = comments.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'comments-container')
              .merge(comments);

            // must retrieve comments from API before they can be displayed
            services.improveOSM.getComments(_qaItem)
              .then(function (d) {
                if (!d.comments) { return; } // nothing to do here

                var commentEnter = comments.selectAll('.comment')
                  .data(d.comments)
                  .enter()
                  .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment');

                commentEnter
                  .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment-avatar')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'comment-avatar-icon'));

                var mainEnter = commentEnter
                  .append('div')
                  .attr('class', 'comment-main');

                var metadataEnter = mainEnter
                  .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment-metadata');

                metadataEnter
                  .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment-author')
                    .each(function(d) {
                      var osm = services.osm;
                      var selection = select(this);
                      if (osm && d.username) {
                        selection = selection
                          .append('a')
                          .attr('class', 'comment-author-link')
                          .attr('href', osm.userURL(d.username))
                          .attr('tabindex', -1)
                          .attr('target', '_blank');
                      }
                      selection
                        .text(function (d) { return d.username; });
                    });

                metadataEnter
                  .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment-date')
                    .text(function (d) { return _t('note.status.commented', { when: localeDateString(d.timestamp) }); });

                mainEnter
                  .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'comment-text')
                  .append('p')
                    .text(function (d) { return d.text; });
            })
            .catch(function (err) {
              console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
            });
          }

          function localeDateString(s) {
            if (!s) { return null; }
            var options = { day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
            var d = new Date(s * 1000); // timestamp is served in seconds, date takes ms
            if (isNaN(d.getTime())) { return null; }
            return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
          }

          issueComments.issue = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return issueComments;
          };

          return issueComments;
        }

        function uiImproveOsmDetails(context) {
          var _qaItem;


          function issueDetail(d) {
            if (d.desc) { return d.desc; }
            var issueKey = d.issueKey;
            d.replacements = d.replacements || {};
            d.replacements.default = _t('inspector.unknown');  // special key `default` works as a fallback string
            return _t(("QA.improveOSM.error_types." + issueKey + ".description"), d.replacements);
          }


          function improveOsmDetails(selection) {
            var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details')
              .data(
                (_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : []),
                function (d) { return ((d.id) + "-" + (d.status || 0)); }
              );

            details.exit()
              .remove();

            var detailsEnter = details.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container');


            // description
            var descriptionEnter = detailsEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');

            descriptionEnter
              .append('h4')
                .text(function () { return _t('QA.keepRight.detail_description'); });

            descriptionEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text')
                .html(issueDetail);

            // If there are entity links in the error message..
            var relatedEntities = [];
            descriptionEnter.selectAll('.error_entity_link, .error_object_link')
              .each(function() {
                var link = select(this);
                var isObjectLink = link.classed('error_object_link');
                var entityID = isObjectLink ?
                  (utilEntityRoot(_qaItem.objectType) + _qaItem.objectId)
                  : this.textContent;
                var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);

                relatedEntities.push(entityID);

                // Add click handler
                link
                  .on('mouseenter', function () {
                    utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
                  })
                  .on('mouseleave', function () {
                    utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
                  })
                  .on('click', function () {
                    event.preventDefault();

                    utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);

                    var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
                    if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
                      osmlayer.enabled(true);
                    }

                    context.map().centerZoom(_qaItem.loc, 20);

                    if (entity) {
                      context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
                    } else {
                      context.loadEntity(entityID, function () {
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
                      });
                    }
                  });

                // Replace with friendly name if possible
                // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
                if (entity) {
                  var name = utilDisplayName(entity);  // try to use common name

                  if (!name && !isObjectLink) {
                    var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
                    name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name();  // fallback to preset name
                  }

                  if (name) {
                    this.innerText = name;
                  }
                }
              });

            // Don't hide entities related to this error - #5880
            context.features().forceVisible(relatedEntities);
            context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
          }

          improveOsmDetails.issue = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return improveOsmDetails;
          };

          return improveOsmDetails;
        }

        function uiImproveOsmHeader() {
          var _qaItem;


          function issueTitle(d) {
            var issueKey = d.issueKey;
            d.replacements = d.replacements || {};
            d.replacements.default = _t('inspector.unknown');  // special key `default` works as a fallback string
            return _t(("QA.improveOSM.error_types." + issueKey + ".title"), d.replacements);
          }


          function improveOsmHeader(selection) {
            var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header')
              .data(
                (_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : []),
                function (d) { return ((d.id) + "-" + (d.status || 0)); }
              );

            header.exit()
              .remove();

            var headerEnter = header.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-header');

            var svgEnter = headerEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-header-icon')
                .classed('new', function (d) { return d.id < 0; })
              .append('svg')
                .attr('width', '20px')
                .attr('height', '30px')
                .attr('viewbox', '0 0 20 30')
                .attr('class', function (d) { return ("preset-icon-28 qaItem " + (d.service) + " itemId-" + (d.id) + " itemType-" + (d.itemType)); });

            svgEnter
              .append('polygon')
                .attr('fill', 'currentColor')
                .attr('class', 'qaItem-fill')
                .attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');

            svgEnter
              .append('use')
                .attr('class', 'icon-annotation')
                .attr('width', '13px')
                .attr('height', '13px')
                .attr('transform', 'translate(3.5, 5)')
                .attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
                  var picon = d.icon;
                  if (!picon) {
                    return '';
                  } else {
                    var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
                    return ("#" + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : ''));
                  }
                });

            headerEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-header-label')
                .text(issueTitle);
          }

          improveOsmHeader.issue = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return improveOsmHeader;
          };

          return improveOsmHeader;
        }

        function uiImproveOsmEditor(context) {
          var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
          var qaDetails = uiImproveOsmDetails(context);
          var qaComments = uiImproveOsmComments();
          var qaHeader = uiImproveOsmHeader();

          var _qaItem;

          function improveOsmEditor(selection) {

            var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header')
              .data([0])
              .enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'header fillL');

            headerEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'close')
                .on('click', function () { return context.enter(modeBrowse(context)); })
                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

            headerEnter
              .append('h3')
                .text(_t('QA.improveOSM.title'));

            var body = selection.selectAll('.body')
              .data([0]);

            body = body.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'body')
              .merge(body);

            var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor')
              .data([0]);

            editor.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor')
              .merge(editor)
                .call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem))
                .call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem))
                .call(qaComments.issue(_qaItem))
                .call(improveOsmSaveSection);
          }

          function improveOsmSaveSection(selection) {
            var isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
            var isShown = (_qaItem && (isSelected || _qaItem.newComment || _qaItem.comment));
            var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save')
              .data(
                (isShown ? [_qaItem] : []),
                function (d) { return ((d.id) + "-" + (d.status || 0)); }
              );

            // exit
            saveSection.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');

            saveSectionEnter
              .append('h4')
                .attr('class', '.qa-save-header')
                .text(_t('note.newComment'));

            saveSectionEnter
              .append('textarea')
                .attr('class', 'new-comment-input')
                .attr('placeholder', _t('QA.keepRight.comment_placeholder'))
                .attr('maxlength', 1000)
                .property('value', function (d) { return d.newComment; })
                .call(utilNoAuto)
                .on('input', changeInput)
                .on('blur', changeInput);

            // update
            saveSection = saveSectionEnter
              .merge(saveSection)
                .call(qaSaveButtons);

            function changeInput() {
              var input = select(this);
              var val = input.property('value').trim();

              if (val === '') {
                val = undefined;
              }

              // store the unsaved comment with the issue itself
              _qaItem = _qaItem.update({ newComment: val });

              var qaService = services.improveOSM;
              if (qaService) {
                qaService.replaceItem(_qaItem);
              }

              saveSection
                .call(qaSaveButtons);
            }
          }

          function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
            var isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
            var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons')
              .data((isSelected ? [_qaItem] : []), function (d) { return d.status + d.id; });

            // exit
            buttonSection.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'buttons');

            buttonEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'button comment-button action')
                .text(_t('QA.keepRight.save_comment'));

            buttonEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'button close-button action');

            buttonEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'button ignore-button action');

            // update
            buttonSection = buttonSection
              .merge(buttonEnter);

            buttonSection.select('.comment-button')
              .attr('disabled', function (d) { return d.newComment ? null : true; })
              .on('click.comment', function(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var qaService = services.improveOSM;
                if (qaService) {
                  qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) { return dispatch$1.call('change', item); });
                }
              });

            buttonSection.select('.close-button')
              .text(function (d) {
                var andComment = (d.newComment ? '_comment' : '');
                return _t(("QA.keepRight.close" + andComment));
              })
              .on('click.close', function(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var qaService = services.improveOSM;
                if (qaService) {
                  d.newStatus = 'SOLVED';
                  qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) { return dispatch$1.call('change', item); });
                }
              });

            buttonSection.select('.ignore-button')
              .text(function (d) {
                var andComment = (d.newComment ? '_comment' : '');
                return _t(("QA.keepRight.ignore" + andComment));
              })
              .on('click.ignore', function(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var qaService = services.improveOSM;
                if (qaService) {
                  d.newStatus = 'INVALID';
                  qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) { return dispatch$1.call('change', item); });
                }
              });
          }

          // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
          improveOsmEditor.error = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return improveOsmEditor;
          };

          return utilRebind(improveOsmEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiKeepRightDetails(context) {
          var _qaItem;


          function issueDetail(d) {
            var itemType = d.itemType;
            var parentIssueType = d.parentIssueType;
            var unknown = _t('inspector.unknown');
            var replacements = d.replacements || {};
            replacements.default = unknown;  // special key `default` works as a fallback string

            var detail = _t(("QA.keepRight.errorTypes." + itemType + ".description"), replacements);
            if (detail === unknown) {
              detail = _t(("QA.keepRight.errorTypes." + parentIssueType + ".description"), replacements);
            }
            return detail;
          }


          function keepRightDetails(selection) {
            var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details')
              .data(
                (_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : []),
                function (d) { return ((d.id) + "-" + (d.status || 0)); }
              );

            details.exit()
              .remove();

            var detailsEnter = details.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container');

            // description
            var descriptionEnter = detailsEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');

            descriptionEnter
              .append('h4')
                .text(function () { return _t('QA.keepRight.detail_description'); });

            descriptionEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text')
                .html(issueDetail);

            // If there are entity links in the error message..
            var relatedEntities = [];
            descriptionEnter.selectAll('.error_entity_link, .error_object_link')
              .each(function() {
                var link = select(this);
                var isObjectLink = link.classed('error_object_link');
                var entityID = isObjectLink ?
                  (utilEntityRoot(_qaItem.objectType) + _qaItem.objectId)
                  : this.textContent;
                var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);

                relatedEntities.push(entityID);

                // Add click handler
                link
                  .on('mouseenter', function () {
                    utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
                  })
                  .on('mouseleave', function () {
                    utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
                  })
                  .on('click', function () {
                    event.preventDefault();

                    utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);

                    var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
                    if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
                      osmlayer.enabled(true);
                    }

                    context.map().centerZoomEase(_qaItem.loc, 20);

                    if (entity) {
                      context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
                    } else {
                      context.loadEntity(entityID, function () {
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
                      });
                    }
                  });

                // Replace with friendly name if possible
                // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
                if (entity) {
                  var name = utilDisplayName(entity);  // try to use common name

                  if (!name && !isObjectLink) {
                    var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
                    name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name();  // fallback to preset name
                  }

                  if (name) {
                    this.innerText = name;
                  }
                }
              });

            // Don't hide entities related to this issue - #5880
            context.features().forceVisible(relatedEntities);
            context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
          }

          keepRightDetails.issue = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return keepRightDetails;
          };

          return keepRightDetails;
        }

        function uiKeepRightHeader() {
          var _qaItem;


          function issueTitle(d) {
            var itemType = d.itemType;
            var parentIssueType = d.parentIssueType;
            var unknown = _t('inspector.unknown');
            var replacements = d.replacements || {};
            replacements.default = unknown;  // special key `default` works as a fallback string

            var title = _t(("QA.keepRight.errorTypes." + itemType + ".title"), replacements);
            if (title === unknown) {
              title = _t(("QA.keepRight.errorTypes." + parentIssueType + ".title"), replacements);
            }
            return title;
          }


          function keepRightHeader(selection) {
            var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header')
              .data(
                (_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : []),
                function (d) { return ((d.id) + "-" + (d.status || 0)); }
              );

            header.exit()
              .remove();

            var headerEnter = header.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-header');

            var iconEnter = headerEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-header-icon')
                .classed('new', function (d) { return d.id < 0; });

            iconEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', function (d) { return ("preset-icon-28 qaItem " + (d.service) + " itemId-" + (d.id) + " itemType-" + (d.parentIssueType)); })
                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-bolt', 'qaItem-fill'));

            headerEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-header-label')
                .text(issueTitle);
          }


          keepRightHeader.issue = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return keepRightHeader;
          };

          return keepRightHeader;
        }

        function uiViewOnKeepRight() {
          var _qaItem;

          function viewOnKeepRight(selection) {
            var url;
            if (services.keepRight && (_qaItem instanceof QAItem)) {
              url = services.keepRight.issueURL(_qaItem);
            }

            var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-keepRight')
              .data(url ? [url] : []);

            // exit
            link.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var linkEnter = link.enter()
              .append('a')
                .attr('class', 'view-on-keepRight')
                .attr('target', '_blank')
                .attr('rel', 'noopener') // security measure
                .attr('href', function (d) { return d; })
                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));

            linkEnter
              .append('span')
                .text(_t('inspector.view_on_keepRight'));
          }

          viewOnKeepRight.what = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return viewOnKeepRight;
          };

          return viewOnKeepRight;
        }

        function uiKeepRightEditor(context) {
          var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
          var qaDetails = uiKeepRightDetails(context);
          var qaHeader = uiKeepRightHeader();

          var _qaItem;

          function keepRightEditor(selection) {

            var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header')
              .data([0])
              .enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'header fillL');

            headerEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'close')
                .on('click', function () { return context.enter(modeBrowse(context)); })
                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

            headerEnter
              .append('h3')
                .text(_t('QA.keepRight.title'));


            var body = selection.selectAll('.body')
              .data([0]);

            body = body.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'body')
              .merge(body);

            var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor')
              .data([0]);

            editor.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor')
              .merge(editor)
                .call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem))
                .call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem))
                .call(keepRightSaveSection);


            var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer')
              .data([0]);

            footer.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'footer')
              .merge(footer)
              .call(uiViewOnKeepRight().what(_qaItem));
          }


          function keepRightSaveSection(selection) {
            var isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
            var isShown = (_qaItem && (isSelected || _qaItem.newComment || _qaItem.comment));
            var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save')
              .data(
                (isShown ? [_qaItem] : []),
                function (d) { return ((d.id) + "-" + (d.status || 0)); }
              );

            // exit
            saveSection.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');

            saveSectionEnter
              .append('h4')
                .attr('class', '.qa-save-header')
                .text(_t('QA.keepRight.comment'));

            saveSectionEnter
              .append('textarea')
                .attr('class', 'new-comment-input')
                .attr('placeholder', _t('QA.keepRight.comment_placeholder'))
                .attr('maxlength', 1000)
                .property('value', function (d) { return d.newComment || d.comment; })
                .call(utilNoAuto)
                .on('input', changeInput)
                .on('blur', changeInput);

            // update
            saveSection = saveSectionEnter
              .merge(saveSection)
                .call(qaSaveButtons);

            function changeInput() {
              var input = select(this);
              var val = input.property('value').trim();

              if (val === _qaItem.comment) {
                val = undefined;
              }

              // store the unsaved comment with the issue itself
              _qaItem = _qaItem.update({ newComment: val });

              var qaService = services.keepRight;
              if (qaService) {
                qaService.replaceItem(_qaItem);  // update keepright cache
              }

              saveSection
                .call(qaSaveButtons);
            }
          }


          function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
            var isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
            var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons')
              .data((isSelected ? [_qaItem] : []), function (d) { return d.status + d.id; });

            // exit
            buttonSection.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'buttons');

            buttonEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'button comment-button action')
                .text(_t('QA.keepRight.save_comment'));

            buttonEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'button close-button action');

            buttonEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'button ignore-button action');

            // update
            buttonSection = buttonSection
              .merge(buttonEnter);

            buttonSection.select('.comment-button')   // select and propagate data
              .attr('disabled', function (d) { return d.newComment ? null : true; })
              .on('click.comment', function(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var qaService = services.keepRight;
                if (qaService) {
                  qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) { return dispatch$1.call('change', item); });
                }
              });

            buttonSection.select('.close-button')   // select and propagate data
              .text(function (d) {
                var andComment = (d.newComment ? '_comment' : '');
                return _t(("QA.keepRight.close" + andComment));
              })
              .on('click.close', function(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var qaService = services.keepRight;
                if (qaService) {
                  d.newStatus = 'ignore_t';   // ignore temporarily (item fixed)
                  qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) { return dispatch$1.call('change', item); });
                }
              });

            buttonSection.select('.ignore-button')   // select and propagate data
              .text(function (d) {
                var andComment = (d.newComment ? '_comment' : '');
                return _t(("QA.keepRight.ignore" + andComment));
              })
              .on('click.ignore', function(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var qaService = services.keepRight;
                if (qaService) {
                  d.newStatus = 'ignore';   // ignore permanently (false positive)
                  qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) { return dispatch$1.call('change', item); });
                }
              });
          }

          // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
          keepRightEditor.error = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return keepRightEditor;
          };

          return utilRebind(keepRightEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiOsmoseDetails(context) {
          var _qaItem;

          function issueString(d, type) {
            if (!d) { return ''; }

            // Issue strings are cached from Osmose API
            var s = services.osmose.getStrings(d.itemType);
            return (type in s) ? s[type] : '';
          }


          function osmoseDetails(selection) {
            var details = selection.selectAll('.error-details')
              .data(
                _qaItem ? [_qaItem] : [],
                function (d) { return ((d.id) + "-" + (d.status || 0)); }
              );

            details.exit()
              .remove();

            var detailsEnter = details.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'error-details qa-details-container');


            // Description
            if (issueString(_qaItem, 'detail')) {
              var div = detailsEnter
                .append('div')
                  .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');

              div
                .append('h4')
                  .text(function () { return _t('QA.keepRight.detail_description'); });

              div
                .append('p')
                  .attr('class', 'qa-details-description-text')
                  .html(function (d) { return issueString(d, 'detail'); })
                .selectAll('a')
                  .attr('rel', 'noopener')
                  .attr('target', '_blank');
            }

            // Elements (populated later as data is requested)
            var detailsDiv = detailsEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');

            var elemsDiv = detailsEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');

            // Suggested Fix (mustn't exist for every issue type)
            if (issueString(_qaItem, 'fix')) {
              var div$1 = detailsEnter
                .append('div')
                  .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');

              div$1
                .append('h4')
                  .text(function () { return _t('QA.osmose.fix_title'); });

              div$1
                .append('p')
                  .html(function (d) { return issueString(d, 'fix'); })
                .selectAll('a')
                  .attr('rel', 'noopener')
                  .attr('target', '_blank');
            }

            // Common Pitfalls (mustn't exist for every issue type)
            if (issueString(_qaItem, 'trap')) {
              var div$2 = detailsEnter
                .append('div')
                  .attr('class', 'qa-details-subsection');

              div$2
                .append('h4')
                  .text(function () { return _t('QA.osmose.trap_title'); });

              div$2
                .append('p')
                  .html(function (d) { return issueString(d, 'trap'); })
                .selectAll('a')
                  .attr('rel', 'noopener')
                  .attr('target', '_blank');
            }

            // Save current item to check if UI changed by time request resolves
            var thisItem = _qaItem;
            services.osmose.loadIssueDetail(_qaItem)
              .then(function (d) {
                // No details to add if there are no associated issue elements
                if (!d.elems || d.elems.length === 0) { return; }

                // Do nothing if UI has moved on by the time this resolves
                if (
                  context.selectedErrorID() !== thisItem.id
                  && context.container().selectAll((".qaItem.osmose.hover.itemId-" + (thisItem.id))).empty()
                ) { return; }

                // Things like keys and values are dynamically added to a subtitle string
                if (d.detail) {
                  detailsDiv
                    .append('h4')
                      .text(function () { return _t('QA.osmose.detail_title'); });

                  detailsDiv
                    .append('p')
                      .html(function (d) { return d.detail; })
                    .selectAll('a')
                      .attr('rel', 'noopener')
                      .attr('target', '_blank');
                }

                // Create list of linked issue elements
                elemsDiv
                  .append('h4')
                    .text(function () { return _t('QA.osmose.elems_title'); });

                elemsDiv
                  .append('ul').selectAll('li')
                  .data(d.elems)
                  .enter()
                  .append('li')
                  .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'error_entity_link')
                    .text(function (d) { return d; })
                    .each(function() {
                      var link = select(this);
                      var entityID = this.textContent;
                      var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);

                      // Add click handler
                      link
                        .on('mouseenter', function () {
                          utilHighlightEntities([entityID], true, context);
                        })
                        .on('mouseleave', function () {
                          utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);
                        })
                        .on('click', function () {
                          event.preventDefault();

                          utilHighlightEntities([entityID], false, context);

                          var osmlayer = context.layers().layer('osm');
                          if (!osmlayer.enabled()) {
                            osmlayer.enabled(true);
                          }

                          context.map().centerZoom(d.loc, 20);

                          if (entity) {
                            context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
                          } else {
                            context.loadEntity(entityID, function () {
                              context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
                            });
                          }
                        });

                      // Replace with friendly name if possible
                      // (The entity may not yet be loaded into the graph)
                      if (entity) {
                        var name = utilDisplayName(entity);  // try to use common name

                        if (!name) {
                          var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
                          name = preset && !preset.isFallback() && preset.name();  // fallback to preset name
                        }

                        if (name) {
                          this.innerText = name;
                        }
                      }
                    });

                // Don't hide entities related to this issue - #5880
                context.features().forceVisible(d.elems);
                context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
              })
              .catch(function (err) {
                console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
              });
          }


          osmoseDetails.issue = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return osmoseDetails;
          };


          return osmoseDetails;
        }

        function uiOsmoseHeader() {
          var _qaItem;

          function issueTitle(d) {
            var unknown = _t('inspector.unknown');

            if (!d) { return unknown; }

            // Issue titles supplied by Osmose
            var s = services.osmose.getStrings(d.itemType);
            return ('title' in s) ? s.title : unknown;
          }

          function osmoseHeader(selection) {
            var header = selection.selectAll('.qa-header')
              .data(
                (_qaItem ? [_qaItem] : []),
                function (d) { return ((d.id) + "-" + (d.status || 0)); }
              );

            header.exit()
              .remove();

            var headerEnter = header.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-header');

            var svgEnter = headerEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-header-icon')
                .classed('new', function (d) { return d.id < 0; })
              .append('svg')
                .attr('width', '20px')
                .attr('height', '30px')
                .attr('viewbox', '0 0 20 30')
                .attr('class', function (d) { return ("preset-icon-28 qaItem " + (d.service) + " itemId-" + (d.id) + " itemType-" + (d.itemType)); });

            svgEnter
              .append('polygon')
                .attr('fill', function (d) { return services.osmose.getColor(d.item); })
                .attr('class', 'qaItem-fill')
                .attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');

            svgEnter
              .append('use')
                .attr('class', 'icon-annotation')
                .attr('width', '13px')
                .attr('height', '13px')
                .attr('transform', 'translate(3.5, 5)')
                .attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
                  var picon = d.icon;

                  if (!picon) {
                    return '';
                  } else {
                    var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
                    return ("#" + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : ''));
                  }
                });

            headerEnter
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-header-label')
                .text(issueTitle);
          }

          osmoseHeader.issue = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return osmoseHeader;
          };

          return osmoseHeader;
        }

        function uiViewOnOsmose() {
          var _qaItem;

          function viewOnOsmose(selection) {
            var url;
            if (services.osmose && (_qaItem instanceof QAItem)) {
              url = services.osmose.itemURL(_qaItem);
            }

            var link = selection.selectAll('.view-on-osmose')
              .data(url ? [url] : []);

            // exit
            link.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var linkEnter = link.enter()
              .append('a')
                .attr('class', 'view-on-osmose')
                .attr('target', '_blank')
                .attr('rel', 'noopener') // security measure
                .attr('href', function (d) { return d; })
                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'));

            linkEnter
              .append('span')
                .text(_t('inspector.view_on_osmose'));
          }

          viewOnOsmose.what = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return viewOnOsmose;
          };

          return viewOnOsmose;
        }

        function uiOsmoseEditor(context) {
          var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
          var qaDetails = uiOsmoseDetails(context);
          var qaHeader = uiOsmoseHeader();

          var _qaItem;

          function osmoseEditor(selection) {

            var header = selection.selectAll('.header')
              .data([0]);

            var headerEnter = header.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'header fillL');

            headerEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'close')
                .on('click', function () { return context.enter(modeBrowse(context)); })
                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

            headerEnter
              .append('h3')
                .text(_t('QA.osmose.title'));

            var body = selection.selectAll('.body')
              .data([0]);

            body = body.enter()
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'body')
              .merge(body);

            var editor = body.selectAll('.qa-editor')
              .data([0]);

            editor.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'modal-section qa-editor')
              .merge(editor)
                .call(qaHeader.issue(_qaItem))
                .call(qaDetails.issue(_qaItem))
                .call(osmoseSaveSection);

            var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer')
              .data([0]);

            footer.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'footer')
              .merge(footer)
              .call(uiViewOnOsmose().what(_qaItem));
          }

          function osmoseSaveSection(selection) {
            var isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
            var isShown = (_qaItem && isSelected);
            var saveSection = selection.selectAll('.qa-save')
              .data(
                (isShown ? [_qaItem] : []),
                function (d) { return ((d.id) + "-" + (d.status || 0)); }
              );

            // exit
            saveSection.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var saveSectionEnter = saveSection.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'qa-save save-section cf');

            // update
            saveSection = saveSectionEnter
              .merge(saveSection)
                .call(qaSaveButtons);
          }

          function qaSaveButtons(selection) {
            var isSelected = (_qaItem && _qaItem.id === context.selectedErrorID());
            var buttonSection = selection.selectAll('.buttons')
              .data((isSelected ? [_qaItem] : []), function (d) { return d.status + d.id; });

            // exit
            buttonSection.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter()
              .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'buttons');

            buttonEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'button close-button action');

            buttonEnter
              .append('button')
                .attr('class', 'button ignore-button action');

            // update
            buttonSection = buttonSection
              .merge(buttonEnter);

            buttonSection.select('.close-button')
              .text(function () { return _t('QA.keepRight.close'); })
              .on('click.close', function(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var qaService = services.osmose;
                if (qaService) {
                  d.newStatus = 'done';
                  qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) { return dispatch$1.call('change', item); });
                }
              });

            buttonSection.select('.ignore-button')
              .text(function () { return _t('QA.keepRight.ignore'); })
              .on('click.ignore', function(d) {
                this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                var qaService = services.osmose;
                if (qaService) {
                  d.newStatus = 'false';
                  qaService.postUpdate(d, function (err, item) { return dispatch$1.call('change', item); });
                }
              });
          }

          // NOTE: Don't change method name until UI v3 is merged
          osmoseEditor.error = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _qaItem; }
            _qaItem = val;
            return osmoseEditor;
          };

          return utilRebind(osmoseEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        // NOTE: Don't change name of this until UI v3 is merged
        function modeSelectError(context, selectedErrorID, selectedErrorService) {
            var mode = {
                id: 'select-error',
                button: 'browse'
            };

            var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select-error');

            var errorService = services[selectedErrorService];
            var errorEditor;
            switch (selectedErrorService) {
                case 'improveOSM':
                    errorEditor = uiImproveOsmEditor(context)
                    .on('change', function() {
                        context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
                        var error = checkSelectedID();
                        if (!error) { return; }
                        context.ui().sidebar
                            .show(errorEditor.error(error));
                    });
                    break;
                case 'keepRight':
                    errorEditor = uiKeepRightEditor(context)
                    .on('change', function() {
                        context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
                        var error = checkSelectedID();
                        if (!error) { return; }
                        context.ui().sidebar
                            .show(errorEditor.error(error));
                    });
                    break;
                case 'osmose':
                    errorEditor = uiOsmoseEditor(context)
                    .on('change', function() {
                        context.map().pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
                        var error = checkSelectedID();
                        if (!error) { return; }
                        context.ui().sidebar
                            .show(errorEditor.error(error));
                    });
                    break;
            }


            var behaviors = [
                behaviorBreathe(),
                behaviorHover(context),
                behaviorSelect(context),
                behaviorLasso(context),
                modeDragNode(context).behavior,
                modeDragNote(context).behavior
            ];


            function checkSelectedID() {
                if (!errorService) { return; }
                var error = errorService.getError(selectedErrorID);
                if (!error) {
                    context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                }
                return error;
            }


            mode.zoomToSelected = function() {
                if (!errorService) { return; }
                var error = errorService.getError(selectedErrorID);
                if (error) {
                    context.map().centerZoomEase(error.loc, 20);
                }
            };


            mode.enter = function() {
                var error = checkSelectedID();
                if (!error) { return; }

                behaviors.forEach(context.install);
                keybinding
                    .on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected)
                    .on('⎋', esc, true);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding);

                selectError();

                var sidebar = context.ui().sidebar;
                sidebar.show(errorEditor.error(error));

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.select-error', selectError);


                // class the error as selected, or return to browse mode if the error is gone
                function selectError(drawn) {
                    if (!checkSelectedID()) { return; }

                    var selection = context.surface()
                        .selectAll('.itemId-' + selectedErrorID + '.' + selectedErrorService);

                    if (selection.empty()) {
                        // Return to browse mode if selected DOM elements have
                        // disappeared because the user moved them out of view..
                        var source = event && event.type === 'zoom' && event.sourceEvent;
                        if (drawn && source && (source.type === 'pointermove' || source.type === 'mousemove' || source.type === 'touchmove')) {
                            context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                        }

                    } else {
                        selection
                            .classed('selected', true);

                        context.selectedErrorID(selectedErrorID);
                    }
                }

                function esc() {
                    if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) { return; }
                    context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                }
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding.unbind);

                context.surface()
                    .selectAll('.qaItem.selected')
                    .classed('selected hover', false);

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.select-error', null);

                context.ui().sidebar
                    .hide();

                context.selectedErrorID(null);
                context.features().forceVisible([]);
            };


            return mode;
        }

        function behaviorSelect(context) {
            var _tolerancePx = 4; // see also behaviorDrag
            var _lastMouseEvent = null;
            var _showMenu = false;
            var _downPointers = {};
            var _longPressTimeout = null;
            var _lastInteractionType = null;
            // the id of the down pointer that's enabling multiselection while down
            var _multiselectionPointerId = null;

            // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
            var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';


            function keydown() {

                if (event.keyCode === 32) {
                    // don't react to spacebar events during text input
                    var activeNode = document.activeElement;
                    if (activeNode && new Set(['INPUT', 'TEXTAREA']).has(activeNode.nodeName)) { return; }
                }

                if (event.keyCode === 93 ||  // context menu key
                    event.keyCode === 32) {  // spacebar
                    event.preventDefault();
                }

                if (event.repeat) { return; } // ignore repeated events for held keys

                // if any key is pressed the user is probably doing something other than long-pressing
                cancelLongPress();

                if (event.shiftKey) {
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('behavior-multiselect', true);
                }

                if (event.keyCode === 32) {  // spacebar
                    if (!_downPointers.spacebar && _lastMouseEvent) {
                        cancelLongPress();
                        _longPressTimeout = window.setTimeout(didLongPress, 500, 'spacebar', 'spacebar');

                        _downPointers.spacebar = {
                            firstEvent: _lastMouseEvent,
                            lastEvent: _lastMouseEvent
                        };
                    }
                }
            }


            function keyup() {
                cancelLongPress();

                if (!event.shiftKey) {
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('behavior-multiselect', false);
                }

                if (event.keyCode === 93) {  // context menu key
                    event.preventDefault();
                    _lastInteractionType = 'menukey';
                    contextmenu();
                } else if (event.keyCode === 32) {  // spacebar
                    var pointer = _downPointers.spacebar;
                    if (pointer) {
                        delete _downPointers.spacebar;

                        if (pointer.done) { return; }

                        event.preventDefault();
                        _lastInteractionType = 'spacebar';
                        click(pointer.firstEvent, pointer.lastEvent, 'spacebar');
                    }
                }
            }


            function pointerdown() {
                var id = (event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();

                cancelLongPress();

                if (event.buttons && event.buttons !== 1) { return; }

                context.ui().closeEditMenu();

                _longPressTimeout = window.setTimeout(didLongPress, 500, id, 'longdown-' + (event.pointerType || 'mouse'));

                _downPointers[id] = {
                    firstEvent: event,
                    lastEvent: event
                };
            }


            function didLongPress(id, interactionType) {
                var pointer = _downPointers[id];
                if (!pointer) { return; }

                for (var i in _downPointers) {
                    // don't allow this or any currently down pointer to trigger another click
                    _downPointers[i].done = true;
                }

                // treat long presses like right-clicks
                _longPressTimeout = null;
                _lastInteractionType = interactionType;
                _showMenu = true;

                click(pointer.firstEvent, pointer.lastEvent, id);
            }


            function pointermove() {
                var id = (event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
                if (_downPointers[id]) {
                    _downPointers[id].lastEvent = event;
                }
                if (!event.pointerType || event.pointerType === 'mouse') {
                    _lastMouseEvent = event;
                    if (_downPointers.spacebar) {
                        _downPointers.spacebar.lastEvent = event;
                    }
                }
            }


            function pointerup() {
                var id = (event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
                var pointer = _downPointers[id];
                if (!pointer) { return; }

                delete _downPointers[id];

                if (_multiselectionPointerId === id) {
                    _multiselectionPointerId = null;
                }

                if (pointer.done) { return; }

                click(pointer.firstEvent, event, id);
            }


            function pointercancel() {
                var id = (event.pointerId || 'mouse').toString();
                if (!_downPointers[id]) { return; }

                delete _downPointers[id];

                if (_multiselectionPointerId === id) {
                    _multiselectionPointerId = null;
                }
            }


            function contextmenu() {
                var e = event;
                e.preventDefault();

                if (!+e.clientX && !+e.clientY) {
                    if (_lastMouseEvent) {
                        e.sourceEvent = _lastMouseEvent;
                    } else {
                        return;
                    }
                } else {
                    _lastMouseEvent = event;
                    _lastInteractionType = 'rightclick';
                }

                _showMenu = true;
                click(event, event);
            }


            function click(firstEvent, lastEvent, pointerId) {
                cancelLongPress();

                var mapNode = context.container().select('.main-map').node();

                // Use the `main-map` coordinate system since the surface and supersurface
                // are transformed when drag-panning.
                var pointGetter = utilFastMouse(mapNode);
                var p1 = pointGetter(firstEvent);
                var p2 = pointGetter(lastEvent);
                var dist = geoVecLength(p1, p2);

                if (dist > _tolerancePx ||
                    !mapContains(lastEvent)) {

                    resetProperties();
                    return;
                }

                var targetDatum = lastEvent.target.__data__;

                var multiselectEntityId;

                if (!_multiselectionPointerId) {
                    // If a different pointer than the one triggering this click is down on a
                    // feature, treat this and all future clicks as multiselection until that
                    // pointer is raised.
                    var selectPointerInfo = pointerDownOnSelection(pointerId);
                    if (selectPointerInfo) {
                        _multiselectionPointerId = selectPointerInfo.pointerId;
                        // if the other feature isn't selected yet, make sure we select it
                        multiselectEntityId = !selectPointerInfo.selected && selectPointerInfo.entityId;
                        _downPointers[selectPointerInfo.pointerId].done = true;
                    }
                }

                // support multiselect if data is already selected
                var isMultiselect = context.mode().id === 'select' && (
                    // and shift key is down
                    (event && event.shiftKey) ||
                    // or we're lasso-selecting
                    context.surface().select('.lasso').node() ||
                    // or a pointer is down over a selected feature
                    (_multiselectionPointerId && !multiselectEntityId)
                );

                processClick(targetDatum, isMultiselect, p2, multiselectEntityId);

                function mapContains(event) {
                    var rect = mapNode.getBoundingClientRect();
                    return event.clientX >= rect.left &&
                        event.clientX <= rect.right &&
                        event.clientY >= rect.top &&
                        event.clientY <= rect.bottom;
                }

                function pointerDownOnSelection(skipPointerId) {
                    var mode = context.mode();
                    var selectedIDs = mode.id === 'select' ? mode.selectedIDs() : [];
                    for (var pointerId in _downPointers) {
                        if (pointerId === 'spacebar' || pointerId === skipPointerId) { continue; }

                        var pointerInfo = _downPointers[pointerId];

                        var p1 = pointGetter(pointerInfo.firstEvent);
                        var p2 = pointGetter(pointerInfo.lastEvent);
                        if (geoVecLength(p1, p2) > _tolerancePx) { continue; }

                        var datum = pointerInfo.firstEvent.target.__data__;
                        var entity = (datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity) || datum;
                        if (context.graph().hasEntity(entity.id)) { return {
                            pointerId: pointerId,
                            entityId: entity.id,
                            selected: selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id) !== -1
                        }; }
                    }
                    return null;
                }
            }


            function processClick(datum, isMultiselect, point, alsoSelectId) {
                var mode = context.mode();
                var showMenu = _showMenu;
                var interactionType = _lastInteractionType;

                var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
                if (entity) { datum = entity; }

                if (datum && datum.type === 'midpoint') {
                    // treat targeting midpoints as if targeting the parent way
                    datum = datum.parents[0];
                }

                var newMode;

                if (datum instanceof osmEntity) {
                    // targeting an entity
                    var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
                    context.selectedNoteID(null);
                    context.selectedErrorID(null);

                    if (!isMultiselect) {
                        // don't change the selection if we're toggling the menu atop a multiselection
                        if (!showMenu ||
                            selectedIDs.length <= 1 ||
                            selectedIDs.indexOf(datum.id) === -1) {

                            if (alsoSelectId === datum.id) { alsoSelectId = null; }

                            selectedIDs = (alsoSelectId ? [alsoSelectId] : []).concat([datum.id]);
                            // always enter modeSelect even if the entity is already
                            // selected since listeners may expect `context.enter` events,
                            // e.g. in the walkthrough
                            newMode = mode.id === 'select' ? mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs) : modeSelect(context, selectedIDs).selectBehavior(behavior);
                            context.enter(newMode);
                        }

                    } else {
                        if (selectedIDs.indexOf(datum.id) !== -1) {
                            // clicked entity is already in the selectedIDs list..
                            if (!showMenu) {
                                // deselect clicked entity, then reenter select mode or return to browse mode..
                                selectedIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function(id) { return id !== datum.id; });
                                newMode = selectedIDs.length ? mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs) : modeBrowse(context).selectBehavior(behavior);
                                context.enter(newMode);
                            }
                        } else {
                            // clicked entity is not in the selected list, add it..
                            selectedIDs = selectedIDs.concat([datum.id]);
                            newMode = mode.selectedIDs(selectedIDs);
                            context.enter(newMode);
                        }
                    }

                } else if (datum && datum.__featurehash__ && !isMultiselect) {
                    // targeting custom data
                    context
                        .selectedNoteID(null)
                        .enter(modeSelectData(context, datum));

                } else if (datum instanceof osmNote && !isMultiselect) {
                    // targeting a note
                    context
                        .selectedNoteID(datum.id)
                        .enter(modeSelectNote(context, datum.id));

                } else if (datum instanceof QAItem & !isMultiselect) {
                    // targeting an external QA issue
                    context
                        .selectedErrorID(datum.id)
                        .enter(modeSelectError(context, datum.id, datum.service));

                } else {
                    // targeting nothing
                    context.selectedNoteID(null);
                    context.selectedErrorID(null);
                    if (!isMultiselect && mode.id !== 'browse') {
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    }
                }

                context.ui().closeEditMenu();

                // always request to show the edit menu in case the mode needs it
                if (showMenu) { context.ui().showEditMenu(point, interactionType); }

                resetProperties();
            }


            function cancelLongPress() {
                if (_longPressTimeout) { window.clearTimeout(_longPressTimeout); }
                _longPressTimeout = null;
            }


            function resetProperties() {
                cancelLongPress();
                _showMenu = false;
                _lastInteractionType = null;
                // don't reset _lastMouseEvent since it might still be useful
            }


            function behavior(selection) {
                resetProperties();
                _lastMouseEvent = context.map().lastPointerEvent();

                select(window)
                    .on('keydown.select', keydown)
                    .on('keyup.select', keyup)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.select', pointermove, true)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.select', pointerup, true)
                    .on('pointercancel.select', pointercancel, true)
                    .on('contextmenu.select-window', function() {
                        // Edge and IE really like to show the contextmenu on the
                        // menubar when user presses a keyboard menu button
                        // even after we've already preventdefaulted the key event.
                        var e = event;
                        if (+e.clientX === 0 && +e.clientY === 0) {
                            event.preventDefault();
                        }
                    });

                selection
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.select', pointerdown)
                    .on('contextmenu.select', contextmenu);

                if (event && event.shiftKey) {
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('behavior-multiselect', true);
                }
            }


            behavior.off = function(selection) {
                cancelLongPress();

                select(window)
                    .on('keydown.select', null)
                    .on('keyup.select', null)
                    .on('contextmenu.select-window', null)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.select', null, true)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.select', null, true)
                    .on('pointercancel.select', null, true);

                selection
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.select', null)
                    .on('contextmenu.select', null);

                context.surface()
                    .classed('behavior-multiselect', false);
            };


            return behavior;
        }

        function behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph) {

            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('rejectedSelfIntersection');

            var behavior = behaviorDraw(context);

            // Must be set by `drawWay.nodeIndex` before each install of this behavior.
            var _nodeIndex;

            var _origWay;
            var _wayGeometry;
            var _headNodeID;
            var _annotation;

            var _pointerHasMoved = false;

            // The osmNode to be placed.
            // This is temporary and just follows the mouse cursor until an "add" event occurs.
            var _drawNode;

            var _didResolveTempEdit = false;

            function createDrawNode(loc) {
                // don't make the draw node until we actually need it
                _drawNode = osmNode({ loc: loc });

                context.pauseChangeDispatch();
                context.replace(function actionAddDrawNode(graph) {
                    // add the draw node to the graph and insert it into the way
                    var way = graph.entity(wayID);
                    return graph
                        .replace(_drawNode)
                        .replace(way.addNode(_drawNode.id, _nodeIndex));
                }, _annotation);
                context.resumeChangeDispatch();

                setActiveElements();
            }

            function removeDrawNode() {

                context.pauseChangeDispatch();
                context.replace(
                    function actionDeleteDrawNode(graph) {
                       var way = graph.entity(wayID);
                       return graph
                           .replace(way.removeNode(_drawNode.id))
                           .remove(_drawNode);
                   },
                    _annotation
                );
                _drawNode = undefined;
                context.resumeChangeDispatch();
            }


            function keydown() {
                if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
                    if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
                        context.surface()
                            .classed('nope-suppressed', true);
                    }
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('nope', false)
                        .classed('nope-disabled', true);
                }
            }


            function keyup() {
                if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.modifierCodes.alt) {
                    if (context.surface().classed('nope-suppressed')) {
                        context.surface()
                            .classed('nope', true);
                    }
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('nope-suppressed', false)
                        .classed('nope-disabled', false);
                }
            }


            function allowsVertex(d) {
                return d.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex' || _mainPresetIndex.allowsVertex(d, context.graph());
            }


            // related code
            // - `mode/drag_node.js`     `doMove()`
            // - `behavior/draw.js`      `click()`
            // - `behavior/draw_way.js`  `move()`
            function move(datum) {

                var loc = context.map().mouseCoordinates();

                if (!_drawNode) { createDrawNode(loc); }

                context.surface().classed('nope-disabled', event.altKey);

                var targetLoc = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity &&
                    allowsVertex(datum.properties.entity) && datum.properties.entity.loc;
                var targetNodes = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.nodes;

                if (targetLoc) {   // snap to node/vertex - a point target with `.loc`
                    loc = targetLoc;

                } else if (targetNodes) {   // snap to way - a line target with `.nodes`
                    var choice = geoChooseEdge(targetNodes, context.map().mouse(), context.projection, _drawNode.id);
                    if (choice) {
                        loc = choice.loc;
                    }
                }

                context.replace(actionMoveNode(_drawNode.id, loc), _annotation);
                _drawNode = context.entity(_drawNode.id);
                checkGeometry(true /* includeDrawNode */);
            }


            // Check whether this edit causes the geometry to break.
            // If so, class the surface with a nope cursor.
            // `includeDrawNode` - Only check the relevant line segments if finishing drawing
            function checkGeometry(includeDrawNode) {
                var nopeDisabled = context.surface().classed('nope-disabled');
                var isInvalid = isInvalidGeometry(includeDrawNode);

                if (nopeDisabled) {
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('nope', false)
                        .classed('nope-suppressed', isInvalid);
                } else {
                    context.surface()
                        .classed('nope', isInvalid)
                        .classed('nope-suppressed', false);
                }
            }


            function isInvalidGeometry(includeDrawNode) {

                var testNode = _drawNode;

                // we only need to test the single way we're drawing
                var parentWay = context.graph().entity(wayID);
                var nodes = context.graph().childNodes(parentWay).slice();  // shallow copy

                if (includeDrawNode) {
                    if (parentWay.isClosed()) {
                        // don't test the last segment for closed ways - #4655
                        // (still test the first segment)
                        nodes.pop();
                    }
                } else { // discount the draw node

                    if (parentWay.isClosed()) {
                        if (nodes.length < 3) { return false; }
                        if (_drawNode) { nodes.splice(-2, 1); }
                        testNode = nodes[nodes.length - 2];
                    } else {
                        // there's nothing we need to test if we ignore the draw node on open ways
                        return false;
                    }
                }

                return testNode && geoHasSelfIntersections(nodes, testNode.id);
            }


            function undone() {

                // undoing removed the temp edit
                _didResolveTempEdit = true;

                context.pauseChangeDispatch();

                var nextMode;

                if (context.graph() === startGraph) {
                    // We've undone back to the initial state before we started drawing.
                    // Just exit the draw mode without undoing whatever we did before
                    // we entered the draw mode.
                    nextMode = modeSelect(context, [wayID]);
                } else {
                    // The `undo` only removed the temporary edit, so here we have to
                    // manually undo to actually remove the last node we added. We can't
                    // use the `undo` function since the initial "add" graph doesn't have
                    // an annotation and so cannot be undone to.
                    context.pop(1);

                    // continue drawing
                    nextMode = mode;
                }

                // clear the redo stack by adding and removing a blank edit
                context.perform(actionNoop());
                context.pop(1);

                context.resumeChangeDispatch();
                context.enter(nextMode);
            }


            function setActiveElements() {
                if (!_drawNode) { return; }

                context.surface().selectAll('.' + _drawNode.id)
                    .classed('active', true);
            }


            function resetToStartGraph() {
                while (context.graph() !== startGraph) {
                    context.pop();
                }
            }


            var drawWay = function(surface) {
                _drawNode = undefined;
                _didResolveTempEdit = false;
                _origWay = context.entity(wayID);
                _headNodeID = typeof _nodeIndex === 'number' ? _origWay.nodes[_nodeIndex] :
                    (_origWay.isClosed() ? _origWay.nodes[_origWay.nodes.length - 2] : _origWay.nodes[_origWay.nodes.length - 1]);
                _wayGeometry = _origWay.geometry(context.graph());
                _annotation = _t((_origWay.nodes.length === (_origWay.isClosed() ? 2 : 1) ?
                    'operations.start.annotation.' :
                    'operations.continue.annotation.') + _wayGeometry
                );
                _pointerHasMoved = false;

                // Push an annotated state for undo to return back to.
                // We must make sure to replace or remove it later.
                context.pauseChangeDispatch();
                context.perform(actionNoop(), _annotation);
                context.resumeChangeDispatch();

                behavior.hover()
                    .initialNodeID(_headNodeID);

                behavior
                    .on('move', function() {
                        _pointerHasMoved = true;
                        move.apply(this, arguments);
                    })
                    .on('down', function() {
                        move.apply(this, arguments);
                    })
                    .on('downcancel', function() {
                        if (_drawNode) { removeDrawNode(); }
                    })
                    .on('click', drawWay.add)
                    .on('clickWay', drawWay.addWay)
                    .on('clickNode', drawWay.addNode)
                    .on('undo', context.undo)
                    .on('cancel', drawWay.cancel)
                    .on('finish', drawWay.finish);

                select(window)
                    .on('keydown.drawWay', keydown)
                    .on('keyup.drawWay', keyup);

                context.map()
                    .dblclickZoomEnable(false)
                    .on('drawn.draw', setActiveElements);

                setActiveElements();

                surface.call(behavior);

                context.history()
                    .on('undone.draw', undone);
            };


            drawWay.off = function(surface) {

                if (!_didResolveTempEdit) {
                    // Drawing was interrupted unexpectedly.
                    // This can happen if the user changes modes,
                    // clicks geolocate button, a hashchange event occurs, etc.

                    context.pauseChangeDispatch();
                    resetToStartGraph();
                    context.resumeChangeDispatch();
                }

                _drawNode = undefined;
                _nodeIndex = undefined;

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.draw', null);

                surface.call(behavior.off)
                    .selectAll('.active')
                    .classed('active', false);

                surface
                    .classed('nope', false)
                    .classed('nope-suppressed', false)
                    .classed('nope-disabled', false);

                select(window)
                    .on('keydown.drawWay', null)
                    .on('keyup.drawWay', null);

                context.history()
                    .on('undone.draw', null);
            };


            function attemptAdd(d, loc, doAdd) {

                if (_drawNode) {
                    // move the node to the final loc in case move wasn't called
                    // consistently (e.g. on touch devices)
                    context.replace(actionMoveNode(_drawNode.id, loc), _annotation);
                    _drawNode = context.entity(_drawNode.id);
                } else {
                    createDrawNode(loc);
                }

                checkGeometry(true /* includeDrawNode */);
                if ((d && d.properties && d.properties.nope) || context.surface().classed('nope')) {
                    if (!_pointerHasMoved) {
                        // prevent the temporary draw node from appearing on touch devices
                        removeDrawNode();
                    }
                    dispatch$1.call('rejectedSelfIntersection', this);
                    return;   // can't click here
                }

                context.pauseChangeDispatch();
                doAdd();
                // we just replaced the temporary edit with the real one
                _didResolveTempEdit = true;
                context.resumeChangeDispatch();

                context.enter(mode);
            }


            // Accept the current position of the drawing node
            drawWay.add = function(loc, d) {
                attemptAdd(d, loc, function() {
                    // don't need to do anything extra
                });
            };


            // Connect the way to an existing way
            drawWay.addWay = function(loc, edge, d) {
                attemptAdd(d, loc, function() {
                    context.replace(
                        actionAddMidpoint({ loc: loc, edge: edge }, _drawNode),
                        _annotation
                    );
                });
            };


            // Connect the way to an existing node
            drawWay.addNode = function(node, d) {

                // finish drawing if the mapper targets the prior node
                if (node.id === _headNodeID ||
                    // or the first node when drawing an area
                    (_origWay.isClosed() && node.id === _origWay.first())) {
                    drawWay.finish();
                    return;
                }

                attemptAdd(d, node.loc, function() {
                    context.replace(
                        function actionReplaceDrawNode(graph) {
                            // remove the temporary draw node and insert the existing node
                            // at the same index

                            graph = graph
                                .replace(graph.entity(wayID).removeNode(_drawNode.id))
                                .remove(_drawNode);
                            return graph
                                .replace(graph.entity(wayID).addNode(node.id, _nodeIndex));
                        },
                        _annotation
                    );
                });
            };


            // Finish the draw operation, removing the temporary edit.
            // If the way has enough nodes to be valid, it's selected.
            // Otherwise, delete everything and return to browse mode.
            drawWay.finish = function() {
                checkGeometry(false /* includeDrawNode */);
                if (context.surface().classed('nope')) {
                    dispatch$1.call('rejectedSelfIntersection', this);
                    return;   // can't click here
                }

                context.pauseChangeDispatch();
                // remove the temporary edit
                context.pop(1);
                _didResolveTempEdit = true;
                context.resumeChangeDispatch();

                var way = context.hasEntity(wayID);
                if (!way || way.isDegenerate()) {
                    drawWay.cancel();
                    return;
                }

                window.setTimeout(function() {
                    context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
                }, 1000);

                var isNewFeature = !mode.isContinuing;
                context.enter(modeSelect(context, [wayID]).newFeature(isNewFeature));
            };


            // Cancel the draw operation, delete everything, and return to browse mode.
            drawWay.cancel = function() {
                context.pauseChangeDispatch();
                resetToStartGraph();
                context.resumeChangeDispatch();

                window.setTimeout(function() {
                    context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
                }, 1000);

                context.surface()
                    .classed('nope', false)
                    .classed('nope-disabled', false)
                    .classed('nope-suppressed', false);

                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            };


            drawWay.nodeIndex = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _nodeIndex; }
                _nodeIndex = val;
                return drawWay;
            };


            drawWay.activeID = function() {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _drawNode && _drawNode.id; }
                // no assign
                return drawWay;
            };


            return utilRebind(drawWay, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function modeDrawLine(context, wayID, startGraph, button, affix, continuing) {
            var mode = {
                button: button,
                id: 'draw-line'
            };

            var behavior = behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph)
                .on('rejectedSelfIntersection.modeDrawLine', function() {
                    context.ui().flash
                        .text(_t('self_intersection.error.lines'))();
                });

            mode.wayID = wayID;

            mode.isContinuing = continuing;

            mode.enter = function() {
                behavior
                    .nodeIndex(affix === 'prefix' ? 0 : undefined);

                context.install(behavior);
            };

            mode.exit = function() {
                context.uninstall(behavior);
            };

            mode.selectedIDs = function() {
                return [wayID];
            };

            mode.activeID = function() {
                return (behavior && behavior.activeID()) || [];
            };

            return mode;
        }

        function operationContinue(context, selectedIDs) {
            var graph = context.graph();
            var entities = selectedIDs.map(function(id) { return graph.entity(id); });
            var geometries = Object.assign(
                { line: [], vertex: [] },
                utilArrayGroupBy(entities, function(entity) { return entity.geometry(graph); })
            );
            var vertex = geometries.vertex[0];


            function candidateWays() {
                return graph.parentWays(vertex).filter(function(parent) {
                    return parent.geometry(graph) === 'line' &&
                        !parent.isClosed() &&
                        parent.affix(vertex.id) &&
                        (geometries.line.length === 0 || geometries.line[0] === parent);
                });
            }


            var operation = function() {
                var candidate = candidateWays()[0];
                context.enter(
                    modeDrawLine(context, candidate.id, context.graph(), 'line', candidate.affix(vertex.id), true)
                );
            };


            operation.available = function() {
                return geometries.vertex.length === 1 &&
                    geometries.line.length <= 1 &&
                    !context.features().hasHiddenConnections(vertex, context.graph());
            };


            operation.disabled = function() {
                var candidates = candidateWays();
                if (candidates.length === 0) {
                    return 'not_eligible';
                } else if (candidates.length > 1) {
                    return 'multiple';
                }

                return false;
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                return disable ?
                    _t('operations.continue.' + disable) :
                    _t('operations.continue.description');
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return _t('operations.continue.annotation.line');
            };


            operation.id = 'continue';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.continue.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.continue.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        function operationCopy(context, selectedIDs) {

            var _multi = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';

            function getFilteredIdsToCopy() {
                return selectedIDs.filter(function(selectedID) {
                    var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(selectedID);
                    // don't copy untagged vertices separately from ways
                    return entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex';
                });
            }

            var operation = function() {

                var graph = context.graph();
                var selected = groupEntities(getFilteredIdsToCopy(), graph);
                var canCopy = [];
                var skip = {};
                var entity;
                var i;

                for (i = 0; i < selected.relation.length; i++) {
                    entity = selected.relation[i];
                    if (!skip[entity.id] && entity.isComplete(graph)) {
                        canCopy.push(entity.id);
                        skip = getDescendants(entity.id, graph, skip);
                    }
                }
                for (i = 0; i < selected.way.length; i++) {
                    entity = selected.way[i];
                    if (!skip[entity.id]) {
                        canCopy.push(entity.id);
                        skip = getDescendants(entity.id, graph, skip);
                    }
                }
                for (i = 0; i < selected.node.length; i++) {
                    entity = selected.node[i];
                    if (!skip[entity.id]) {
                        canCopy.push(entity.id);
                    }
                }

                context.copyIDs(canCopy);
                if (_point &&
                    (canCopy.length !== 1 || graph.entity(canCopy[0]).type !== 'node')) {
                    // store the anchor coordinates if copying more than a single node
                    context.copyLonLat(context.projection.invert(_point));
                } else {
                    context.copyLonLat(null);
                }

            };


            function groupEntities(ids, graph) {
                var entities = ids.map(function (id) { return graph.entity(id); });
                return Object.assign(
                    { relation: [], way: [], node: [] },
                    utilArrayGroupBy(entities, 'type')
                );
            }


            function getDescendants(id, graph, descendants) {
                var entity = graph.entity(id);
                var children;

                descendants = descendants || {};

                if (entity.type === 'relation') {
                    children = entity.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; });
                } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
                    children = entity.nodes;
                } else {
                    children = [];
                }

                for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
                    if (!descendants[children[i]]) {
                        descendants[children[i]] = true;
                        descendants = getDescendants(children[i], graph, descendants);
                    }
                }

                return descendants;
            }


            operation.available = function() {
                return getFilteredIdsToCopy().length > 0;
            };


            operation.disabled = function() {
                var extent = utilTotalExtent(getFilteredIdsToCopy(), context.graph());
                if (extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
                    return 'too_large';
                }
                return false;
            };


            operation.availableForKeypress = function() {
                var selection = window.getSelection && window.getSelection();
                // if the user has text selected then let them copy that, not the selected feature
                return !selection || !selection.toString();
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                return disable ?
                    _t('operations.copy.' + disable + '.' + _multi) :
                    _t('operations.copy.description' + '.' + _multi);
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return selectedIDs.length === 1 ?
                    _t('operations.copy.annotation.single') :
                    _t('operations.copy.annotation.multiple', { n: selectedIDs.length.toString() });
            };


            var _point;
            operation.point = function(val) {
                _point = val;
                return operation;
            };


            operation.id = 'copy';
            operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘C')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.copy.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        function operationDisconnect(context, selectedIDs) {
            var _vertexIDs = [];
            var _wayIDs = [];
            var _otherIDs = [];
            var _actions = [];

            selectedIDs.forEach(function(id) {
                var entity = context.entity(id);
                if (entity.type === 'way'){
                    _wayIDs.push(id);
                } else if (entity.geometry(context.graph()) === 'vertex') {
                    _vertexIDs.push(id);
                } else {
                    _otherIDs.push(id);
                }
            });

            var _extent, _nodes, _coords, _descriptionID = '', _annotationID = 'features';

            if (_vertexIDs.length > 0) {
                // At the selected vertices, disconnect the selected ways, if any, else
                // disconnect all connected ways

                _extent = utilTotalExtent(_vertexIDs, context.graph());

                _vertexIDs.forEach(function(vertexID) {
                    var action = actionDisconnect(vertexID);

                    if (_wayIDs.length > 0) {
                        var waysIDsForVertex = _wayIDs.filter(function(wayID) {
                            var way = context.entity(wayID);
                            return way.nodes.indexOf(vertexID) !== -1;
                        });
                        action.limitWays(waysIDsForVertex);
                    }
                    _actions.push(action);
                });

                _descriptionID += _actions.length === 1 ? 'single_point.' : 'multiple_points.';
                if (_wayIDs.length === 1) {
                    _descriptionID += 'single_way.' + context.graph().geometry(_wayIDs[0]);
                } else {
                    _descriptionID += _wayIDs.length === 0 ? 'no_ways' : 'multiple_ways';
                }

            } else if (_wayIDs.length > 0) {
                // Disconnect the selected ways from each other, if they're connected,
                // else disconnect them from all connected ways

                var ways = _wayIDs.map(function(id) {
                    return context.entity(id);
                });
                _nodes = utilGetAllNodes(_wayIDs, context.graph());
                _coords = _nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });

                // actions for connected nodes shared by at least two selected ways
                var sharedActions = [];
                var sharedNodes = [];
                // actions for connected nodes
                var unsharedActions = [];
                var unsharedNodes = [];

                _nodes.forEach(function(node) {
                    var action = actionDisconnect(node.id).limitWays(_wayIDs);
                    if (action.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_connected') {

                        var count = 0;
                        for (var i in ways) {
                            var way = ways[i];
                            if (way.nodes.indexOf(node.id) !== -1) {
                                count += 1;
                            }
                            if (count > 1) { break; }
                        }

                        if (count > 1) {
                            sharedActions.push(action);
                            sharedNodes.push(node);
                        } else {
                            unsharedActions.push(action);
                            unsharedNodes.push(node);
                        }
                    }
                });

                _descriptionID += 'no_points.';
                _descriptionID += _wayIDs.length === 1 ? 'single_way.' : 'multiple_ways.';

                if (sharedActions.length) {
                    // if any nodes are shared, only disconnect the selected ways from each other
                    _actions = sharedActions;
                    _extent = utilTotalExtent(sharedNodes, context.graph());
                    _descriptionID += 'conjoined';
                    _annotationID = 'from_each_other';
                } else {
                    // if no nodes are shared, disconnect the selected ways from all connected ways
                    _actions = unsharedActions;
                    _extent = utilTotalExtent(unsharedNodes, context.graph());
                    if (_wayIDs.length === 1) {
                        _descriptionID += context.graph().geometry(_wayIDs[0]);
                    } else {
                        _descriptionID += 'separate';
                    }
                }
            }


            var operation = function() {
                context.perform(function(graph) {
                    return _actions.reduce(function(graph, action) { return action(graph); }, graph);
                }, operation.annotation());

                context.validator().validate();
            };


            operation.available = function() {
                if (_actions.length === 0) { return false; }
                if (_otherIDs.length !== 0) { return false; }

                if (_vertexIDs.length !== 0 && _wayIDs.length !== 0 && !_wayIDs.every(function(wayID) {
                    return _vertexIDs.some(function(vertexID) {
                        var way = context.entity(wayID);
                        return way.nodes.indexOf(vertexID) !== -1;
                    });
                })) { return false; }

                return true;
            };


            operation.disabled = function() {
                var reason;
                for (var actionIndex in _actions) {
                    reason = _actions[actionIndex].disabled(context.graph());
                    if (reason) { return reason; }
                }

                if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
                    return 'too_large.' + ((_vertexIDs.length ? _vertexIDs : _wayIDs).length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');
                } else if (_coords && someMissing()) {
                    return 'not_downloaded';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
                    return 'connected_to_hidden';
                }

                return false;


                function someMissing() {
                    if (context.inIntro()) { return false; }
                    var osm = context.connection();
                    if (osm) {
                        var missing = _coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
                        if (missing.length) {
                            missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                if (disable) {
                    return _t('operations.disconnect.' + disable);
                }
                return _t('operations.disconnect.description.' + _descriptionID);
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return _t('operations.disconnect.annotation.' + _annotationID);
            };


            operation.id = 'disconnect';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.disconnect.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.disconnect.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        function operationDowngrade(context, selectedIDs) {
            var affectedFeatureCount = 0;
            var downgradeType;

            setDowngradeTypeForEntityIDs();

            var multi = affectedFeatureCount === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';

            function setDowngradeTypeForEntityIDs() {
                for (var i in selectedIDs) {
                    var entityID = selectedIDs[i];
                    var type = downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID);
                    if (type) {
                        affectedFeatureCount += 1;
                        if (downgradeType && type !== downgradeType) {
                            downgradeType = 'building_address';
                        } else {
                            downgradeType = type;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            function downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID) {
                var graph = context.graph();
                var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
                var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);

                if (!preset || preset.isFallback()) { return null; }

                if (entity.type === 'node' &&
                    preset.id !== 'address' &&
                    Object.keys(entity.tags).some(function(key) {
                        return key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/);
                    })) {

                    return 'address';
                }
                if (entity.geometry(graph) === 'area' &&
                    entity.tags.building &&
                    !preset.tags.building) {

                    return 'building';
                }

                return null;
            }

            var buildingKeysToKeep = ['architect', 'building', 'height', 'layer', 'source', 'type', 'wheelchair'];
            var addressKeysToKeep = ['source'];

            var operation = function () {
                context.perform(function(graph) {

                    for (var i in selectedIDs) {
                        var entityID = selectedIDs[i];
                        var type = downgradeTypeForEntityID(entityID);
                        if (!type) { continue; }

                        var tags = Object.assign({}, graph.entity(entityID).tags);  // shallow copy
                        for (var key in tags) {
                            if (type === 'address' && addressKeysToKeep.indexOf(key) !== -1) { continue; }
                            if (type === 'building') {
                                if (buildingKeysToKeep.indexOf(key) !== -1 ||
                                    key.match(/^building:.{1,}/) ||
                                    key.match(/^roof:.{1,}/)) { continue; }
                            }
                            // keep address tags for buildings too
                            if (key.match(/^addr:.{1,}/)) { continue; }

                            delete tags[key];
                        }
                        graph = actionChangeTags(entityID, tags)(graph);
                    }
                    return graph;
                }, operation.annotation());

                context.validator().validate();

                // refresh the select mode to enable the delete operation
                context.enter(modeSelect(context, selectedIDs));
            };


            operation.available = function () {
                return downgradeType;
            };


            operation.disabled = function () {
                if (selectedIDs.some(hasWikidataTag)) {
                    return 'has_wikidata_tag';
                }
                return false;

                function hasWikidataTag(id) {
                    var entity = context.entity(id);
                    return entity.tags.wikidata && entity.tags.wikidata.trim().length > 0;
                }
            };


            operation.tooltip = function () {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                return disable ?
                    _t('operations.downgrade.' + disable + '.' + multi) :
                    _t('operations.downgrade.description.' + downgradeType);
            };


            operation.annotation = function () {
                var suffix;
                if (downgradeType === 'building_address') {
                    suffix = 'multiple';
                } else {
                    suffix = downgradeType + '.' + multi;
                }
                return _t('operations.downgrade.annotation.' + suffix, { n: affectedFeatureCount});
            };


            operation.id = 'downgrade';
            operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘⌫'), uiCmd('⌘⌦'), uiCmd('⌦')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.downgrade.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);


            return operation;
        }

        function operationExtract(context, selectedIDs) {

            var _amount = selectedIDs.length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple';
            var _geometries = utilArrayUniq(selectedIDs.map(function(entityID) {
                return context.graph().hasEntity(entityID) && context.graph().geometry(entityID);
            }).filter(Boolean));
            var _geometryID = _geometries.length === 1 ? _geometries[0] : 'feature';

            var _extent;
            var _actions = selectedIDs.map(function(entityID) {
                var graph = context.graph();
                var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
                if (!entity || !entity.hasInterestingTags()) { return; }

                if (entity.type === 'node' && graph.parentWays(entity).length === 0) { return; }

                if (entity.type !== 'node') {
                    var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
                    // only allow extraction from ways/relations if the preset supports points
                    if (preset.geometry.indexOf('point') === -1) { return; }
                }

                _extent = _extent ? _extent.extend(entity.extent(graph)) : entity.extent(graph);

                return actionExtract(entityID);
            }).filter(Boolean);


            var operation = function () {
                var combinedAction = function(graph) {
                    _actions.forEach(function(action) {
                        graph = action(graph);
                    });
                    return graph;
                };
                context.perform(combinedAction, operation.annotation());  // do the extract

                var extractedNodeIDs = _actions.map(function(action) {
                    return action.getExtractedNodeID();
                });
                context.enter(modeSelect(context, extractedNodeIDs));
            };


            operation.available = function () {
                return _actions.length && selectedIDs.length === _actions.length;
            };


            operation.disabled = function () {

                if (_extent && _extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
                    return 'too_large';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(function(entityID) {
                    return context.graph().geometry(entityID) === 'vertex' && context.hasHiddenConnections(entityID);
                })) {
                    return 'connected_to_hidden';
                }

                return false;
            };


            operation.tooltip = function () {
                var disableReason = operation.disabled();
                if (disableReason) {
                    return _t('operations.extract.' + disableReason + '.' + _amount);
                } else {
                    return _t('operations.extract.description.' + _geometryID + '.' + _amount);
                }
            };


            operation.annotation = function () {
                return _t('operations.extract.annotation.' + _amount, { n: selectedIDs.length });
            };


            operation.id = 'extract';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.extract.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.extract.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);


            return operation;
        }

        function operationMerge(context, selectedIDs) {

            var _action = getAction();

            function getAction() {
                // prefer a non-disabled action first
                var join = actionJoin(selectedIDs);
                if (!join.disabled(context.graph())) { return join; }

                var merge = actionMerge(selectedIDs);
                if (!merge.disabled(context.graph())) { return merge; }

                var mergePolygon = actionMergePolygon(selectedIDs);
                if (!mergePolygon.disabled(context.graph())) { return mergePolygon; }

                var mergeNodes = actionMergeNodes(selectedIDs);
                if (!mergeNodes.disabled(context.graph())) { return mergeNodes; }

                // otherwise prefer an action with an interesting disabled reason
                if (join.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') { return join; }
                if (merge.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') { return merge; }
                if (mergePolygon.disabled(context.graph()) !== 'not_eligible') { return mergePolygon; }

                return mergeNodes;
            }

            var operation = function() {

                if (operation.disabled()) { return; }

                context.perform(_action, operation.annotation());

                context.validator().validate();

                var resultIDs = selectedIDs.filter(context.hasEntity);
                if (resultIDs.length > 1) {
                    var interestingIDs = resultIDs.filter(function(id) {
                        return context.entity(id).hasInterestingTags();
                    });
                    if (interestingIDs.length) { resultIDs = interestingIDs; }
                }
                context.enter(modeSelect(context, resultIDs));
            };

            operation.available = function() {
                return selectedIDs.length >= 2;
            };

            operation.disabled = function() {
                var actionDisabled = _action.disabled(context.graph());
                if (actionDisabled) { return actionDisabled; }

                var osm = context.connection();
                if (osm &&
                    _action.resultingWayNodesLength &&
                    _action.resultingWayNodesLength(context.graph()) > osm.maxWayNodes()) {
                    return 'too_many_vertices';
                }

                return false;
            };

            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disabled = operation.disabled();
                if (disabled) {
                    if (disabled === 'restriction') {
                        return _t('operations.merge.restriction',
                            { relation: _mainPresetIndex.item('type/restriction').name() });
                    }
                    return _t('operations.merge.' + disabled);
                }
                return _t('operations.merge.description');
            };

            operation.annotation = function() {
                return _t('operations.merge.annotation', { n: selectedIDs.length });
            };

            operation.id = 'merge';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.merge.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.merge.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        // see also `behaviorPaste`
        function operationPaste(context) {

            var _pastePoint;

            var operation = function() {

                if (!_pastePoint) { return; }

                var oldIDs = context.copyIDs();
                if (!oldIDs.length) { return; }

                var projection = context.projection;
                var extent = geoExtent();
                var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
                var newIDs = [];

                var action = actionCopyEntities(oldIDs, oldGraph);
                context.perform(action);

                var copies = action.copies();
                var originals = new Set();
                Object.values(copies).forEach(function(entity) { originals.add(entity.id); });

                for (var id in copies) {
                    var oldEntity = oldGraph.entity(id);
                    var newEntity = copies[id];

                    extent._extend(oldEntity.extent(oldGraph));

                    // Exclude child nodes from newIDs if their parent way was also copied.
                    var parents = context.graph().parentWays(newEntity);
                    var parentCopied = parents.some(function(parent) {
                        return originals.has(parent.id);
                    });

                    if (!parentCopied) {
                        newIDs.push(newEntity.id);
                    }
                }

                // Use the location of the copy operation to offset the paste location,
                // or else use the center of the pasted extent
                var copyPoint = (context.copyLonLat() && projection(context.copyLonLat())) ||
                    projection(extent.center());
                var delta = geoVecSubtract(_pastePoint, copyPoint);

                // Move the pasted objects to be anchored at the paste location
                context.replace(actionMove(newIDs, delta, projection), operation.annotation());
                context.enter(modeSelect(context, newIDs));
            };

            operation.point = function(val) {
                _pastePoint = val;
                return operation;
            };

            operation.available = function() {
                return context.mode().id === 'browse';
            };

            operation.disabled = function() {
                return !context.copyIDs().length;
            };

            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var oldGraph = context.copyGraph();
                var ids = context.copyIDs();
                if (!ids.length) {
                    return _t('operations.paste.nothing_copied');
                }
                return ids.length === 1 ?
                    _t('operations.paste.description.single', { feature: utilDisplayLabel(oldGraph.entity(ids[0]), oldGraph) }) :
                    _t('operations.paste.description.multiple', { n: ids.length.toString() });
            };

            operation.annotation = function() {
                var ids = context.copyIDs();
                return ids.length === 1 ?
                    _t('operations.paste.annotation.single') :
                    _t('operations.paste.annotation.multiple', { n: ids.length.toString() });
            };

            operation.id = 'paste';
            operation.keys = [uiCmd('⌘V')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.paste.title');

            return operation;
        }

        function operationReverse(context, selectedIDs) {

            var operation = function() {
                context.perform(function combinedReverseAction(graph) {
                    actions().forEach(function(action) {
                        graph = action(graph);
                    });
                    return graph;
                }, operation.annotation());
                context.validator().validate();
            };

            function actions(situation) {
                return selectedIDs.map(function(entityID) {
                    var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
                    if (!entity) { return; }

                    if (situation === 'toolbar') {
                        if (entity.type === 'way' &&
                            (!entity.isOneWay() && !entity.isSided())) { return; }
                    }

                    var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
                    if (entity.type !== 'node' && geometry !== 'line') { return; }

                    var action = actionReverse(entityID);
                    if (action.disabled(context.graph())) { return; }

                    return action;
                }).filter(Boolean);
            }

            function reverseTypeID() {
                var acts = actions();
                var nodeActionCount = acts.filter(function(act) {
                    var entity = context.hasEntity(act.entityID());
                    return entity && entity.type === 'node';
                }).length;
                var typeID = nodeActionCount === 0 ? 'line' : (nodeActionCount === acts.length ? 'point' : 'features');
                if (typeID !== 'features' && acts.length > 1) { typeID += 's'; }
                return typeID;
            }


            operation.available = function(situation) {
                return actions(situation).length > 0;
            };


            operation.disabled = function() {
                return false;
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                return _t('operations.reverse.description.' + reverseTypeID());
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return _t('operations.reverse.annotation.' + reverseTypeID());
            };


            operation.id = 'reverse';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.reverse.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.reverse.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        function operationSplit(context, selectedIDs) {
            var vertices = selectedIDs
                .filter(function(id) { return context.graph().geometry(id) === 'vertex'; });
            var entityID = vertices[0];
            var action = actionSplit(entityID);
            var ways = [];

            if (vertices.length === 1) {
                if (entityID && selectedIDs.length > 1) {
                    var ids = selectedIDs.filter(function(id) { return id !== entityID; });
                    action.limitWays(ids);
                }
                ways = action.ways(context.graph());
            }


            var operation = function() {
                var difference = context.perform(action, operation.annotation());
                context.enter(modeSelect(context, difference.extantIDs()));
            };


            operation.available = function() {
                return vertices.length === 1;
            };


            operation.disabled = function() {
                var reason = action.disabled(context.graph());
                if (reason) {
                    return reason;
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
                    return 'connected_to_hidden';
                }

                return false;
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                if (disable) {
                    return _t('operations.split.' + disable);
                } else if (ways.length === 1) {
                    return _t('operations.split.description.' + context.graph().geometry(ways[0].id));
                } else {
                    return _t('operations.split.description.multiple');
                }
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return ways.length === 1 ?
                    _t('operations.split.annotation.' + context.graph().geometry(ways[0].id)) :
                    _t('operations.split.annotation.multiple', { n: ways.length });
            };


            operation.id = 'split';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.split.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.split.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        function operationStraighten(context, selectedIDs) {
            var _wayIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function(id) { return id.charAt(0) === 'w'; });
            var _nodeIDs = selectedIDs.filter(function(id) { return id.charAt(0) === 'n'; });
            var _amount = ((_wayIDs.length ? _wayIDs : _nodeIDs).length === 1 ? 'single' : 'multiple');

            var _nodes = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph());
            var _coords = _nodes.map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
            var _extent = utilTotalExtent(selectedIDs, context.graph());
            var _action = chooseAction();
            var _geometry;


            function chooseAction() {
                // straighten selected nodes
                if (_wayIDs.length === 0 && _nodeIDs.length > 2) {
                    _geometry = 'points';
                    return actionStraightenNodes(_nodeIDs, context.projection);

                // straighten selected ways (possibly between range of 2 selected nodes)
                } else if (_wayIDs.length > 0 && (_nodeIDs.length === 0 || _nodeIDs.length === 2)) {
                    var startNodeIDs = [];
                    var endNodeIDs = [];

                    for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
                        var entity = context.entity(selectedIDs[i]);
                        if (entity.type === 'node') {
                            continue;
                        } else if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.isClosed()) {
                            return null;  // exit early, can't straighten these
                        }

                        startNodeIDs.push(entity.first());
                        endNodeIDs.push(entity.last());
                    }

                    // Remove duplicate end/startNodeIDs (duplicate nodes cannot be at the line end)
                    startNodeIDs = startNodeIDs.filter(function(n) {
                        return startNodeIDs.indexOf(n) === startNodeIDs.lastIndexOf(n);
                    });
                    endNodeIDs = endNodeIDs.filter(function(n) {
                        return endNodeIDs.indexOf(n) === endNodeIDs.lastIndexOf(n);
                    });

                    // Ensure all ways are connected (i.e. only 2 unique endpoints/startpoints)
                    if (utilArrayDifference(startNodeIDs, endNodeIDs).length +
                        utilArrayDifference(endNodeIDs, startNodeIDs).length !== 2) { return null; }

                    // Ensure path contains at least 3 unique nodes
                    var wayNodeIDs = utilGetAllNodes(_wayIDs, context.graph())
                        .map(function(node) { return node.id; });
                    if (wayNodeIDs.length <= 2) { return null; }

                    // If range of 2 selected nodes is supplied, ensure nodes lie on the selected path
                    if (_nodeIDs.length === 2 && (
                        wayNodeIDs.indexOf(_nodeIDs[0]) === -1 || wayNodeIDs.indexOf(_nodeIDs[1]) === -1
                    )) { return null; }

                    if (_nodeIDs.length) {
                        // If we're only straightenting between two points, we only need that extent visible
                        _extent = utilTotalExtent(_nodeIDs, context.graph());
                    }

                    _geometry = _wayIDs.length === 1 ? 'line' : 'lines';
                    return actionStraightenWay(selectedIDs, context.projection);
                }

                return null;
            }


            function operation() {
                if (!_action) { return; }

                context.perform(_action, operation.annotation());

                window.setTimeout(function() {
                    context.validator().validate();
                }, 300);  // after any transition
            }


            operation.available = function() {
                return Boolean(_action);
            };


            operation.disabled = function() {
                var reason = _action.disabled(context.graph());
                if (reason) {
                    return reason;
                } else if (_extent.percentContainedIn(context.map().extent()) < 0.8) {
                    return 'too_large';
                } else if (someMissing()) {
                    return 'not_downloaded';
                } else if (selectedIDs.some(context.hasHiddenConnections)) {
                    return 'connected_to_hidden';
                }

                return false;


                function someMissing() {
                    if (context.inIntro()) { return false; }
                    var osm = context.connection();
                    if (osm) {
                        var missing = _coords.filter(function(loc) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(loc); });
                        if (missing.length) {
                            missing.forEach(function(loc) { context.loadTileAtLoc(loc); });
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }
            };


            operation.tooltip = function() {
                var disable = operation.disabled();
                return disable ?
                    _t('operations.straighten.' + disable + '.' + _amount) :
                    _t('operations.straighten.description.' + _geometry);
            };


            operation.annotation = function() {
                return _t('operations.straighten.annotation.' + _geometry);
            };


            operation.id = 'straighten';
            operation.keys = [_t('operations.straighten.key')];
            operation.title = _t('operations.straighten.title');
            operation.behavior = behaviorOperation(context).which(operation);

            return operation;
        }

        var Operations = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
                __proto__: null,
                operationCircularize: operationCircularize,
                operationContinue: operationContinue,
                operationCopy: operationCopy,
                operationDelete: operationDelete,
                operationDisconnect: operationDisconnect,
                operationDowngrade: operationDowngrade,
                operationExtract: operationExtract,
                operationMerge: operationMerge,
                operationMove: operationMove,
                operationOrthogonalize: operationOrthogonalize,
                operationPaste: operationPaste,
                operationReflectShort: operationReflectShort,
                operationReflectLong: operationReflectLong,
                operationReverse: operationReverse,
                operationRotate: operationRotate,
                operationSplit: operationSplit,
                operationStraighten: operationStraighten
        });

        var _relatedParent;


        function modeSelect(context, selectedIDs) {
            var mode = {
                id: 'select',
                button: 'browse'
            };

            var keybinding = utilKeybinding('select');

            var _breatheBehavior = behaviorBreathe();
            var _modeDragNode = modeDragNode(context);
            var _selectBehavior;
            var _behaviors = [];

            var _operations = [];
            var _newFeature = false;
            var _follow = false;


            function singular() {
                if (selectedIDs && selectedIDs.length === 1) {
                    return context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[0]);
                }
            }

            function selectedEntities() {
                return selectedIDs.map(function(id) {
                    return context.hasEntity(id);
                }).filter(Boolean);
            }


            function checkSelectedIDs() {
                var ids = [];
                if (Array.isArray(selectedIDs)) {
                    ids = selectedIDs.filter(function(id) {
                        return context.hasEntity(id);
                    });
                }

                if (!ids.length) {
                    context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    return false;
                } else if ((selectedIDs.length > 1 && ids.length === 1) ||
                    (selectedIDs.length === 1 && ids.length > 1)) {
                    // switch between single- and multi-select UI
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
                    return false;
                }

                selectedIDs = ids;
                return true;
            }


            // find the common parent ways for nextVertex, previousVertex
            function commonParents() {
                var graph = context.graph();
                var commonParents = [];

                for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
                    var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
                    if (!entity || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'vertex') {
                        return [];  // selection includes some not vertices
                    }

                    var currParents = graph.parentWays(entity).map(function(w) { return w.id; });
                    if (!commonParents.length) {
                        commonParents = currParents;
                        continue;
                    }

                    commonParents = utilArrayIntersection(commonParents, currParents);
                    if (!commonParents.length) {
                        return [];
                    }
                }

                return commonParents;
            }


            function singularParent() {
                var parents = commonParents();
                if (!parents || parents.length === 0) {
                    _relatedParent = null;
                    return null;
                }

                // relatedParent is used when we visit a vertex with multiple
                // parents, and we want to remember which parent line we started on.

                if (parents.length === 1) {
                    _relatedParent = parents[0];  // remember this parent for later
                    return _relatedParent;
                }

                if (parents.indexOf(_relatedParent) !== -1) {
                    return _relatedParent;   // prefer the previously seen parent
                }

                return parents[0];
            }


            mode.selectedIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return selectedIDs; }
                selectedIDs = val;
                return mode;
            };


            mode.zoomToSelected = function() {
                context.map().zoomToEase(selectedEntities());
            };


            mode.newFeature = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _newFeature; }
                _newFeature = val;
                return mode;
            };


            mode.selectBehavior = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _selectBehavior; }
                _selectBehavior = val;
                return mode;
            };


            mode.follow = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _follow; }
                _follow = val;
                return mode;
            };

            function loadOperations() {

                _operations.forEach(function(operation) {
                    if (operation.behavior) {
                        context.uninstall(operation.behavior);
                    }
                });

                _operations = Object.values(Operations)
                    .map(function(o) { return o(context, selectedIDs); })
                    .filter(function(o) { return o.available() && o.id !== 'delete' && o.id !== 'downgrade' && o.id !== 'copy'; });

                var copyOperation = operationCopy(context, selectedIDs);
                if (copyOperation.available()) {
                    // group copy operation with delete/downgrade
                    _operations.push(copyOperation);
                }

                var downgradeOperation = operationDowngrade(context, selectedIDs);
                // don't allow delete if downgrade is available
                var lastOperation = !context.inIntro() && downgradeOperation.available() ? downgradeOperation : operationDelete(context, selectedIDs);

                _operations.push(lastOperation);

                _operations.forEach(function(operation) {
                    if (operation.behavior) {
                        context.install(operation.behavior);
                    }
                });

                // remove any displayed menu
                context.ui().closeEditMenu();
            }

            mode.operations = function() {
                return _operations;
            };


            mode.enter = function() {
                if (!checkSelectedIDs()) { return; }

                context.features().forceVisible(selectedIDs);

                _modeDragNode.restoreSelectedIDs(selectedIDs);

                loadOperations();

                if (!_behaviors.length) {
                    if (!_selectBehavior) { _selectBehavior = behaviorSelect(context); }

                    _behaviors = [
                        behaviorPaste(context),
                        _breatheBehavior,
                        behaviorHover(context).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hoverModeSelect),
                        _selectBehavior,
                        behaviorLasso(context),
                        _modeDragNode.behavior,
                        modeDragNote(context).behavior
                    ];
                }
                _behaviors.forEach(context.install);

                keybinding
                    .on(_t('inspector.zoom_to.key'), mode.zoomToSelected)
                    .on(['[', 'pgup'], previousVertex)
                    .on([']', 'pgdown'], nextVertex)
                    .on(['{', uiCmd('⌘['), 'home'], firstVertex)
                    .on(['}', uiCmd('⌘]'), 'end'], lastVertex)
                    .on(uiCmd('⇧←'), nudgeSelection([-10, 0]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⇧↑'), nudgeSelection([0, -10]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⇧→'), nudgeSelection([10, 0]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⇧↓'), nudgeSelection([0, 10]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⇧⌘←'), nudgeSelection([-100, 0]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⇧⌘↑'), nudgeSelection([0, -100]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⇧⌘→'), nudgeSelection([100, 0]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⇧⌘↓'), nudgeSelection([0, 100]))
                    .on(['\\', 'pause'], nextParent)
                    .on('⎋', esc, true);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding);

                context.ui().sidebar
                    .select(selectedIDs, _newFeature);

                context.history()
                    .on('change.select', function() {
                        loadOperations();
                        // reselect after change in case relation members were removed or added
                        selectElements();
                    })
                    .on('undone.select', checkSelectedIDs)
                    .on('redone.select', checkSelectedIDs);

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.select', selectElements)
                    .on('crossEditableZoom.select', function() {
                        selectElements();
                        _breatheBehavior.restartIfNeeded(context.surface());
                    });

                context.map().doubleUpHandler()
                    .on('doubleUp.modeSelect', didDoubleUp);


                selectElements();

                if (_follow) {
                    var extent = geoExtent();
                    var graph = context.graph();
                    selectedIDs.forEach(function(id) {
                        var entity = context.entity(id);
                        extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));
                    });

                    var loc = extent.center();
                    context.map().centerEase(loc);
                    // we could enter the mode multiple times, so reset follow for next time
                    _follow = false;
                }


                function nudgeSelection(delta) {
                    return function() {
                        // prevent nudging during low zoom selection
                        if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) { return; }

                        var moveOp = operationMove(context, selectedIDs);
                        if (moveOp.disabled()) {
                            context.ui().flash
                                .duration(4000)
                                .iconName('#iD-operation-' + moveOp.id)
                                .iconClass('operation disabled')
                                .text(moveOp.tooltip)();
                        } else {
                            context.perform(actionMove(selectedIDs, delta, context.projection), moveOp.annotation());
                        }
                    };
                }


                function didDoubleUp(loc) {
                    if (!context.map().withinEditableZoom()) { return; }

                    var target = select(event.target);

                    var datum = target.datum();
                    var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
                    if (!entity) { return; }

                    if (entity instanceof osmWay && target.classed('target')) {
                        var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(entity), loc, context.projection);
                        var prev = entity.nodes[choice.index - 1];
                        var next = entity.nodes[choice.index];

                        context.perform(
                            actionAddMidpoint({ loc: choice.loc, edge: [prev, next] }, osmNode()),
                            _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex')
                        );

                    } else if (entity.type === 'midpoint') {
                        context.perform(
                            actionAddMidpoint({ loc: entity.loc, edge: entity.edge }, osmNode()),
                            _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex'));
                    }
                }


                function selectElements() {
                    if (!checkSelectedIDs()) { return; }

                    var surface = context.surface();

                    surface.selectAll('.selected-member')
                        .classed('selected-member', false);

                    surface.selectAll('.selected')
                        .classed('selected', false);

                    surface.selectAll('.related')
                        .classed('related', false);

                    singularParent();
                    if (_relatedParent) {
                        surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector([_relatedParent]))
                            .classed('related', true);
                    }

                    if (context.map().withinEditableZoom()) {
                        // Apply selection styling if not in wide selection

                        surface
                            .selectAll(utilDeepMemberSelector(selectedIDs, context.graph(), true /* skipMultipolgonMembers */))
                            .classed('selected-member', true);
                        surface
                            .selectAll(utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector(selectedIDs, context.graph()))
                            .classed('selected', true);
                    }

                }


                function esc() {
                    if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) { return; }
                    context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                }


                function firstVertex() {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    var entity = singular();
                    var parent = singularParent();
                    var way;

                    if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
                        way = entity;
                    } else if (parent) {
                        way = context.entity(parent);
                    }

                    if (way) {
                        context.enter(
                            modeSelect(context, [way.first()]).follow(true)
                        );
                    }
                }


                function lastVertex() {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    var entity = singular();
                    var parent = singularParent();
                    var way;

                    if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
                        way = entity;
                    } else if (parent) {
                        way = context.entity(parent);
                    }

                    if (way) {
                        context.enter(
                            modeSelect(context, [way.last()]).follow(true)
                        );
                    }
                }


                function previousVertex() {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    var parent = singularParent();
                    if (!parent) { return; }

                    var way = context.entity(parent);
                    var length = way.nodes.length;
                    var curr = way.nodes.indexOf(selectedIDs[0]);
                    var index = -1;

                    if (curr > 0) {
                        index = curr - 1;
                    } else if (way.isClosed()) {
                        index = length - 2;
                    }

                    if (index !== -1) {
                        context.enter(
                            modeSelect(context, [way.nodes[index]]).follow(true)
                        );
                    }
                }


                function nextVertex() {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    var parent = singularParent();
                    if (!parent) { return; }

                    var way = context.entity(parent);
                    var length = way.nodes.length;
                    var curr = way.nodes.indexOf(selectedIDs[0]);
                    var index = -1;

                    if (curr < length - 1) {
                        index = curr + 1;
                    } else if (way.isClosed()) {
                        index = 0;
                    }

                    if (index !== -1) {
                        context.enter(
                            modeSelect(context, [way.nodes[index]]).follow(true)
                        );
                    }
                }


                function nextParent() {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    var parents = commonParents();
                    if (!parents || parents.length < 2) { return; }

                    var index = parents.indexOf(_relatedParent);
                    if (index < 0 || index > parents.length - 2) {
                        _relatedParent = parents[0];
                    } else {
                        _relatedParent = parents[index + 1];
                    }

                    var surface = context.surface();
                    surface.selectAll('.related')
                        .classed('related', false);

                    if (_relatedParent) {
                        surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector([_relatedParent]))
                            .classed('related', true);
                    }
                }
            };


            mode.exit = function() {

                _newFeature = false;

                _operations.forEach(function(operation) {
                    if (operation.behavior) {
                        context.uninstall(operation.behavior);
                    }
                });
                _operations = [];

                _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);

                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding.unbind);

                context.ui().closeEditMenu();

                context.history()
                    .on('change.select', null)
                    .on('undone.select', null)
                    .on('redone.select', null);

                var surface = context.surface();

                surface
                    .selectAll('.selected-member')
                    .classed('selected-member', false);

                surface
                    .selectAll('.selected')
                    .classed('selected', false);

                surface
                    .selectAll('.highlighted')
                    .classed('highlighted', false);

                surface
                    .selectAll('.related')
                    .classed('related', false);

                context.map().on('drawn.select', null);
                context.ui().sidebar.hide();
                context.features().forceVisible([]);

                var entity = singular();
                if (_newFeature && entity && entity.type === 'relation' &&
                    // no tags
                    Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0 &&
                    // no parent relations
                    context.graph().parentRelations(entity).length === 0 &&
                    // no members or one member with no role
                    (entity.members.length === 0 || (entity.members.length === 1 && !entity.members[0].role))
                ) {
                    // the user added this relation but didn't edit it at all, so just delete it
                    var deleteAction = actionDeleteRelation(entity.id, true /* don't delete untagged members */);
                    context.perform(deleteAction, _t('operations.delete.annotation.relation'));
                }
            };


            return mode;
        }

        function uiLasso(context) {
            var group, polygon;

            lasso.coordinates = [];

            function lasso(selection) {
                context.container()
                    .classed('lasso', true);

                group = selection
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'lasso hide');

                polygon = group
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', 'lasso-path');

                group
                    .call(uiToggle(true));
            }


            function draw() {
                if (polygon) {
                    polygon.data([lasso.coordinates])
                        .attr('d', function(d) { return 'M' + d.join(' L') + ' Z'; });
                }
            }


            lasso.extent = function () {
                return lasso.coordinates.reduce(function(extent, point) {
                    return extent.extend(geoExtent(point));
                }, geoExtent());
            };


            lasso.p = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return lasso; }
                lasso.coordinates.push(_);
                draw();
                return lasso;
            };


            lasso.close = function() {
                if (group) {
                    group.call(uiToggle(false, function() {
                        select(this).remove();
                    }));
                }
                context.container().classed('lasso', false);
            };


            return lasso;
        }

        function behaviorLasso(context) {

            // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
            var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';

            var behavior = function(selection) {
                var lasso;


                function pointerdown() {
                    var button = 0;  // left
                    if (event.button === button && event.shiftKey === true) {
                        lasso = null;

                        select(window)
                            .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.lasso', pointermove)
                            .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.lasso', pointerup);

                        event.stopPropagation();
                    }
                }


                function pointermove() {
                    if (!lasso) {
                        lasso = uiLasso(context);
                        context.surface().call(lasso);
                    }

                    lasso.p(context.map().mouse());
                }


                function normalize(a, b) {
                    return [
                        [Math.min(a[0], b[0]), Math.min(a[1], b[1])],
                        [Math.max(a[0], b[0]), Math.max(a[1], b[1])]
                    ];
                }


                function lassoed() {
                    if (!lasso) { return []; }

                    var graph = context.graph();
                    var limitToNodes;

                    if (context.map().editableDataEnabled(true /* skipZoomCheck */) && context.map().isInWideSelection()) {
                        // only select from the visible nodes
                        limitToNodes = new Set(utilGetAllNodes(context.selectedIDs(), graph));
                    } else if (!context.map().editableDataEnabled()) {
                        return [];
                    }

                    var bounds = lasso.extent().map(context.projection.invert);
                    var extent = geoExtent(normalize(bounds[0], bounds[1]));

                    var intersects = context.history().intersects(extent).filter(function(entity) {
                        return entity.type === 'node' &&
                            (!limitToNodes || limitToNodes.has(entity)) &&
                            geoPointInPolygon(context.projection(entity.loc), lasso.coordinates) &&
                            !context.features().isHidden(entity, graph, entity.geometry(graph));
                    });

                    // sort the lassoed nodes as best we can
                    intersects.sort(function(node1, node2) {
                        var parents1 = graph.parentWays(node1);
                        var parents2 = graph.parentWays(node2);
                        if (parents1.length && parents2.length) {
                            // both nodes are vertices

                            var sharedParents = utilArrayIntersection(parents1, parents2);
                            if (sharedParents.length) {
                                var sharedParentNodes = sharedParents[0].nodes;
                                // vertices are members of the same way; sort them in their listed order
                                return sharedParentNodes.indexOf(node1.id) -
                                    sharedParentNodes.indexOf(node2.id);
                            } else {
                                // vertices do not share a way; group them by their respective parent ways
                                return parseFloat(parents1[0].id.slice(1)) -
                                    parseFloat(parents2[0].id.slice(1));
                            }

                        } else if (parents1.length || parents2.length) {
                            // only one node is a vertex; sort standalone points before vertices
                            return parents1.length - parents2.length;
                        }
                        // both nodes are standalone points; sort left to right
                        return node1.loc[0] - node2.loc[0];
                    });

                    return intersects.map(function(entity) { return entity.id; });
                }


                function pointerup() {
                    select(window)
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.lasso', null)
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.lasso', null);

                    if (!lasso) { return; }

                    var ids = lassoed();
                    lasso.close();

                    if (ids.length) {
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
                    }
                }

                selection
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.lasso', pointerdown);
            };


            behavior.off = function(selection) {
                selection.on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.lasso', null);
            };


            return behavior;
        }

        function modeBrowse(context) {
            var mode = {
                button: 'browse',
                id: 'browse',
                title: _t('modes.browse.title'),
                description: _t('modes.browse.description')
            };
            var sidebar;

            var _selectBehavior;
            var _behaviors = [];


            mode.selectBehavior = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _selectBehavior; }
                _selectBehavior = val;
                return mode;
            };


            mode.enter = function() {
                if (!_behaviors.length) {
                    if (!_selectBehavior) { _selectBehavior = behaviorSelect(context); }
                    _behaviors = [
                        behaviorPaste(context),
                        behaviorHover(context).on('hover', context.ui().sidebar.hover),
                        _selectBehavior,
                        behaviorLasso(context),
                        modeDragNode(context).behavior,
                        modeDragNote(context).behavior
                    ];
                }
                _behaviors.forEach(context.install);

                // Get focus on the body.
                if (document.activeElement && document.activeElement.blur) {
                    document.activeElement.blur();
                }

                if (sidebar) {
                    context.ui().sidebar.show(sidebar);
                } else {
                    context.ui().sidebar.select(null);
                }
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                context.ui().sidebar.hover.cancel();
                _behaviors.forEach(context.uninstall);

                if (sidebar) {
                    context.ui().sidebar.hide();
                }
            };


            mode.sidebar = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return sidebar; }
                sidebar = _;
                return mode;
            };


            mode.operations = function() {
                return [operationPaste(context)];
            };


            return mode;
        }

        function behaviorAddWay(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('start', 'startFromWay', 'startFromNode');
            var draw = behaviorDraw(context);

            function behavior(surface) {
                draw.on('click', function() { dispatch$1.apply('start', this, arguments); })
                    .on('clickWay', function() { dispatch$1.apply('startFromWay', this, arguments); })
                    .on('clickNode', function() { dispatch$1.apply('startFromNode', this, arguments); })
                    .on('cancel', behavior.cancel)
                    .on('finish', behavior.cancel);

                context.map()
                    .dblclickZoomEnable(false);

                surface.call(draw);
            }


            behavior.off = function(surface) {
                surface.call(draw.off);
            };


            behavior.cancel = function() {
                window.setTimeout(function() {
                    context.map().dblclickZoomEnable(true);
                }, 1000);

                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            };


            return utilRebind(behavior, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function behaviorHash(context) {

            // cached window.location.hash
            var _cachedHash = null;
            // allowable latitude range
            var _latitudeLimit = 90 - 1e-8;

            function computedHashParameters() {
                var map = context.map();
                var center = map.center();
                var zoom = map.zoom();
                var precision = Math.max(0, Math.ceil(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN2));
                var oldParams = utilObjectOmit(utilStringQs(window.location.hash),
                    ['comment', 'source', 'hashtags', 'walkthrough']
                );
                var newParams = {};

                delete oldParams.id;
                var selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function(id) {
                    return context.hasEntity(id);
                });
                if (selected.length) {
                    newParams.id = selected.join(',');
                }

                newParams.map = zoom.toFixed(2) +
                    '/' + center[1].toFixed(precision) +
                    '/' + center[0].toFixed(precision);

                return Object.assign(oldParams, newParams);
            }

            function computedHash() {
                return '#' + utilQsString(computedHashParameters(), true);
            }

            function computedTitle(includeChangeCount) {

                var baseTitle = context.documentTitleBase() || 'iD';
                var contextual;
                var changeCount;
                var titleID;

                var selected = context.selectedIDs().filter(function(id) {
                    return context.hasEntity(id);
                });
                if (selected.length) {
                    var firstLabel = utilDisplayLabel(context.entity(selected[0]), context.graph());
                    if (selected.length > 1 ) {
                        contextual = _t('title.labeled_and_more', {
                            labeled: firstLabel,
                            count: (selected.length - 1).toString()
                        });
                    } else {
                        contextual = firstLabel;
                    }
                    titleID = 'context';
                }

                if (includeChangeCount) {
                    changeCount = context.history().difference().summary().length;
                    if (changeCount > 0) {
                        titleID = contextual ? 'changes_context' : 'changes';
                    }
                }

                if (titleID) {
                    return _t('title.format.' + titleID, {
                        changes: changeCount,
                        base: baseTitle,
                        context: contextual
                    });
                }

                return baseTitle;
            }

            function updateTitle(includeChangeCount) {
                if (!context.setsDocumentTitle()) { return; }

                var newTitle = computedTitle(includeChangeCount);
                if (document.title !== newTitle) {
                    document.title = newTitle;
                }
            }

            function updateHashIfNeeded() {
                if (context.inIntro()) { return; }

                var latestHash = computedHash();
                if (_cachedHash !== latestHash) {
                    _cachedHash = latestHash;

                    // Update the URL hash without affecting the browser navigation stack,
                    // though unavoidably creating a browser history entry
                    window.history.replaceState(null, computedTitle(false /* includeChangeCount */), latestHash);

                    // set the title we want displayed for the browser tab/window
                    updateTitle(true /* includeChangeCount */);
                }
            }

            var _throttledUpdate = throttle(updateHashIfNeeded, 500);
            var _throttledUpdateTitle = throttle(function() {
                updateTitle(true /* includeChangeCount */);
            }, 500);

            function hashchange() {

                // ignore spurious hashchange events
                if (window.location.hash === _cachedHash) { return; }

                _cachedHash = window.location.hash;

                var q = utilStringQs(_cachedHash);
                var mapArgs = (q.map || '').split('/').map(Number);

                if (mapArgs.length < 3 || mapArgs.some(isNaN)) {
                    // replace bogus hash
                    updateHashIfNeeded();

                } else {
                    // don't update if the new hash already reflects the state of iD
                    if (_cachedHash === computedHash()) { return; }

                    var mode = context.mode();

                    context.map().centerZoom([mapArgs[2], Math.min(_latitudeLimit, Math.max(-_latitudeLimit, mapArgs[1]))], mapArgs[0]);

                    if (q.id) {
                        var ids = q.id.split(',').filter(function(id) {
                            return context.hasEntity(id);
                        });
                        var skip = mode && mode.id === 'select' && utilArrayIdentical(mode.selectedIDs(), ids);
                        if (ids.length && !skip) {
                            context.enter(modeSelect(context, ids));
                            return;
                        }
                    }

                    var center = context.map().center();
                    var dist = geoSphericalDistance(center, [mapArgs[2], mapArgs[1]]);
                    var maxdist = 500;

                    // Don't allow the hash location to change too much while drawing
                    // This can happen if the user accidentally hit the back button.  #3996
                    if (mode && mode.id.match(/^draw/) !== null && dist > maxdist) {
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                        return;
                    }
                }
            }

            function behavior() {
                context.map()
                    .on('move.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdate);

                context.history()
                    .on('change.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdateTitle);

                context
                    .on('enter.behaviorHash', _throttledUpdate);

                select(window)
                    .on('hashchange.behaviorHash', hashchange);

                if (window.location.hash) {
                    var q = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);

                    if (q.id) {
                        //if (!context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) {
                            // targeting specific features: download, select, and zoom to them
                            context.zoomToEntity(q.id.split(',')[0], !q.map);
                        //}
                    }

                    if (q.walkthrough === 'true') {
                        behavior.startWalkthrough = true;
                    }

                    if (q.map) {
                        behavior.hadHash = true;
                    }

                    hashchange();

                    updateTitle(false);
                }
            }

            behavior.off = function() {
                _throttledUpdate.cancel();
                _throttledUpdateTitle.cancel();

                context.map()
                    .on('move.behaviorHash', null);

                context
                    .on('enter.behaviorHash', null);

                select(window)
                    .on('hashchange.behaviorHash', null);

                window.location.hash = '';
            };

            return behavior;
        }

        /*
            iD.coreDifference represents the difference between two graphs.
            It knows how to calculate the set of entities that were
            created, modified, or deleted, and also contains the logic
            for recursively extending a difference to the complete set
            of entities that will require a redraw, taking into account
            child and parent relationships.
         */
        function coreDifference(base, head) {
            var _changes = {};
            var _didChange = {};  // 'addition', 'deletion', 'geometry', 'properties'
            var _diff = {};

            function checkEntityID(id) {
                var h = head.entities[id];
                var b = base.entities[id];

                if (h === b) { return; }
                if (_changes[id]) { return; }

                if (!h && b) {
                    _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
                    _didChange.deletion = true;
                    return;
                }
                if (h && !b) {
                    _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
                    _didChange.addition = true;
                    return;
                }

                if (h && b) {
                    if (h.members && b.members && !fastDeepEqual(h.members, b.members)) {
                        _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
                        _didChange.geometry = true;
                        _didChange.properties = true;
                        return;
                    }
                    if (h.loc && b.loc && !geoVecEqual(h.loc, b.loc)) {
                        _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
                        _didChange.geometry = true;
                    }
                    if (h.nodes && b.nodes && !fastDeepEqual(h.nodes, b.nodes)) {
                        _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
                        _didChange.geometry = true;
                    }
                    if (h.tags && b.tags && !fastDeepEqual(h.tags, b.tags)) {
                        _changes[id] = { base: b, head: h };
                        _didChange.properties = true;
                    }
                }
            }

            function load() {
                // HOT CODE: there can be many thousands of downloaded entities, so looping
                // through them all can become a performance bottleneck. Optimize by
                // resolving duplicates and using a basic `for` loop
                var ids = utilArrayUniq(Object.keys(head.entities).concat(Object.keys(base.entities)));
                for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
                    checkEntityID(ids[i]);
                }
            }
            load();


            _diff.length = function length() {
                return Object.keys(_changes).length;
            };


            _diff.changes = function changes() {
                return _changes;
            };

            _diff.didChange = _didChange;


            // pass true to include affected relation members
            _diff.extantIDs = function extantIDs(includeRelMembers) {
                var result = new Set();
                Object.keys(_changes).forEach(function(id) {
                    if (_changes[id].head) {
                        result.add(id);
                    }

                    var h = _changes[id].head;
                    var b = _changes[id].base;
                    var entity = h || b;

                    if (includeRelMembers && entity.type === 'relation') {
                        var mh = h ? h.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
                        var mb = b ? b.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
                        utilArrayUnion(mh, mb).forEach(function(memberID) {
                            if (head.hasEntity(memberID)) {
                                result.add(memberID);
                            }
                        });
                    }
                });

                return Array.from(result);
            };


            _diff.modified = function modified() {
                var result = [];
                Object.values(_changes).forEach(function(change) {
                    if (change.base && change.head) {
                        result.push(change.head);
                    }
                });
                return result;
            };


            _diff.created = function created() {
                var result = [];
                Object.values(_changes).forEach(function(change) {
                    if (!change.base && change.head) {
                        result.push(change.head);
                    }
                });
                return result;
            };


            _diff.deleted = function deleted() {
                var result = [];
                Object.values(_changes).forEach(function(change) {
                    if (change.base && !change.head) {
                        result.push(change.base);
                    }
                });
                return result;
            };


            _diff.summary = function summary() {
                var relevant = {};

                var keys = Object.keys(_changes);
                for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
                    var change = _changes[keys[i]];

                    if (change.head && change.head.geometry(head) !== 'vertex') {
                        addEntity(change.head, head, change.base ? 'modified' : 'created');

                    } else if (change.base && change.base.geometry(base) !== 'vertex') {
                        addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');

                    } else if (change.base && change.head) { // modified vertex
                        var moved    = !fastDeepEqual(change.base.loc,  change.head.loc);
                        var retagged = !fastDeepEqual(change.base.tags, change.head.tags);

                        if (moved) {
                            addParents(change.head);
                        }

                        if (retagged || (moved && change.head.hasInterestingTags())) {
                            addEntity(change.head, head, 'modified');
                        }

                    } else if (change.head && change.head.hasInterestingTags()) { // created vertex
                        addEntity(change.head, head, 'created');

                    } else if (change.base && change.base.hasInterestingTags()) { // deleted vertex
                        addEntity(change.base, base, 'deleted');
                    }
                }

                return Object.values(relevant);


                function addEntity(entity, graph, changeType) {
                    relevant[entity.id] = {
                        entity: entity,
                        graph: graph,
                        changeType: changeType
                    };
                }

                function addParents(entity) {
                    var parents = head.parentWays(entity);
                    for (var j = parents.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
                        var parent = parents[j];
                        if (!(parent.id in relevant)) {
                            addEntity(parent, head, 'modified');
                        }
                    }
                }
            };


            // returns complete set of entities that require a redraw
            //  (optionally within given `extent`)
            _diff.complete = function complete(extent) {
                var result = {};
                var id, change;

                for (id in _changes) {
                    change = _changes[id];

                    var h = change.head;
                    var b = change.base;
                    var entity = h || b;
                    var i;

                    if (extent &&
                        (!h || !h.intersects(extent, head)) &&
                        (!b || !b.intersects(extent, base)))
                        { continue; }

                    result[id] = h;

                    if (entity.type === 'way') {
                        var nh = h ? h.nodes : [];
                        var nb = b ? b.nodes : [];
                        var diff;

                        diff = utilArrayDifference(nh, nb);
                        for (i = 0; i < diff.length; i++) {
                            result[diff[i]] = head.hasEntity(diff[i]);
                        }

                        diff = utilArrayDifference(nb, nh);
                        for (i = 0; i < diff.length; i++) {
                            result[diff[i]] = head.hasEntity(diff[i]);
                        }
                    }

                    if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
                        var mh = h ? h.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
                        var mb = b ? b.members.map(function(m) { return m.id; }) : [];
                        var ids = utilArrayUnion(mh, mb);
                        for (i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
                            var member = head.hasEntity(ids[i]);
                            if (!member) { continue; }   // not downloaded
                            if (extent && !member.intersects(extent, head)) { continue; }   // not visible
                            result[ids[i]] = member;
                        }
                    }

                    addParents(head.parentWays(entity), result);
                    addParents(head.parentRelations(entity), result);
                }

                return result;


                function addParents(parents, result) {
                    for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
                        var parent = parents[i];
                        if (parent.id in result) { continue; }

                        result[parent.id] = parent;
                        addParents(head.parentRelations(parent), result);
                    }
                }
            };


            return _diff;
        }

        function coreTree(head) {
            // tree for entities
            var _rtree = new RBush();
            var _bboxes = {};

            // maintain a separate tree for granular way segments
            var _segmentsRTree = new RBush();
            var _segmentsBBoxes = {};
            var _segmentsByWayId = {};

            var tree = {};


            function entityBBox(entity) {
                var bbox = entity.extent(head).bbox();
                bbox.id = entity.id;
                _bboxes[entity.id] = bbox;
                return bbox;
            }


            function segmentBBox(segment) {
                var extent = segment.extent(head);
                // extent can be null if the node entities aren't in the graph for some reason
                if (!extent) { return null; }

                var bbox = extent.bbox();
                bbox.segment = segment;
                _segmentsBBoxes[segment.id] = bbox;
                return bbox;
            }


            function removeEntity(entity) {
                _rtree.remove(_bboxes[entity.id]);
                delete _bboxes[entity.id];

                if (_segmentsByWayId[entity.id]) {
                    _segmentsByWayId[entity.id].forEach(function(segment) {
                        _segmentsRTree.remove(_segmentsBBoxes[segment.id]);
                        delete _segmentsBBoxes[segment.id];
                    });
                    delete _segmentsByWayId[entity.id];
                }
            }


            function loadEntities(entities) {
                _rtree.load(entities.map(entityBBox));

                var segments = [];
                entities.forEach(function(entity) {
                    if (entity.segments) {
                        var entitySegments = entity.segments(head);
                        // cache these to make them easy to remove later
                        _segmentsByWayId[entity.id] = entitySegments;
                        segments = segments.concat(entitySegments);
                    }
                });
                if (segments.length) { _segmentsRTree.load(segments.map(segmentBBox).filter(Boolean)); }
            }


            function updateParents(entity, insertions, memo) {
                head.parentWays(entity).forEach(function(way) {
                    if (_bboxes[way.id]) {
                        removeEntity(way);
                        insertions[way.id] = way;
                    }
                    updateParents(way, insertions, memo);
                });

                head.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function(relation) {
                    if (memo[entity.id]) { return; }
                    memo[entity.id] = true;
                    if (_bboxes[relation.id]) {
                        removeEntity(relation);
                        insertions[relation.id] = relation;
                    }
                    updateParents(relation, insertions, memo);
                });
            }


            tree.rebase = function(entities, force) {
                var insertions = {};

                for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
                    var entity = entities[i];
                    if (!entity.visible) { continue; }

                    if (head.entities.hasOwnProperty(entity.id) || _bboxes[entity.id]) {
                        if (!force) {
                            continue;
                        } else if (_bboxes[entity.id]) {
                            removeEntity(entity);
                        }
                    }

                    insertions[entity.id] = entity;
                    updateParents(entity, insertions, {});
                }

                loadEntities(Object.values(insertions));

                return tree;
            };


            function updateToGraph(graph) {
                if (graph === head) { return; }

                var diff = coreDifference(head, graph);

                head = graph;

                var changed = diff.didChange;
                if (!changed.addition && !changed.deletion && !changed.geometry) { return; }

                var insertions = {};

                if (changed.deletion) {
                    diff.deleted().forEach(function(entity) {
                        removeEntity(entity);
                    });
                }

                if (changed.geometry) {
                    diff.modified().forEach(function(entity) {
                        removeEntity(entity);
                        insertions[entity.id] = entity;
                        updateParents(entity, insertions, {});
                    });
                }

                if (changed.addition) {
                    diff.created().forEach(function(entity) {
                        insertions[entity.id] = entity;
                    });
                }

                loadEntities(Object.values(insertions));
            }

            // returns an array of entities with bounding boxes overlapping `extent` for the given `graph`
            tree.intersects = function(extent, graph) {
                updateToGraph(graph);
                return _rtree.search(extent.bbox())
                    .map(function(bbox) { return graph.entity(bbox.id); });
            };

            // returns an array of segment objects with bounding boxes overlapping `extent` for the given `graph`
            tree.waySegments = function(extent, graph) {
                updateToGraph(graph);
                return _segmentsRTree.search(extent.bbox())
                    .map(function(bbox) { return bbox.segment; });
            };


            return tree;
        }

        function uiModal(selection, blocking) {
          var this$1 = this;

          var keybinding = utilKeybinding('modal');
          var previous = selection.select('div.modal');
          var animate = previous.empty();

          previous.transition()
            .duration(200)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .remove();

          var shaded = selection
            .append('div')
            .attr('class', 'shaded')
            .style('opacity', 0);

          shaded.close = function () {
            shaded
              .transition()
              .duration(200)
              .style('opacity',0)
              .remove();

            modal
              .transition()
              .duration(200)
              .style('top','0px');

            select(document)
              .call(keybinding.unbind);
          };


          var modal = shaded
            .append('div')
            .attr('class', 'modal fillL');

          if (!blocking) {
            shaded.on('click.remove-modal', function () {
              if (event.target === this$1) {
                shaded.close();
              }
            });

            modal
              .append('button')
              .attr('class', 'close')
              .on('click', shaded.close)
              .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

            keybinding
              .on('⌫', shaded.close)
              .on('⎋', shaded.close);

            select(document)
              .call(keybinding);
          }

          modal
            .append('div')
            .attr('class', 'content');

          if (animate) {
            shaded.transition().style('opacity', 1);
          } else {
            shaded.style('opacity', 1);
          }

          return shaded;
        }

        function uiLoading(context) {
          var _modalSelection = select(null);
          var _message = '';
          var _blocking = false;


          var loading = function (selection) {
            _modalSelection = uiModal(selection, _blocking);

            var loadertext = _modalSelection.select('.content')
              .classed('loading-modal', true)
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'modal-section fillL');

            loadertext
              .append('img')
              .attr('class', 'loader')
              .attr('src', context.imagePath('loader-white.gif'));

            loadertext
              .append('h3')
              .text(_message);

            _modalSelection.select('button.close')
              .attr('class', 'hide');

            return loading;
          };


          loading.message = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _message; }
            _message = val;
            return loading;
          };


          loading.blocking = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _blocking; }
            _blocking = val;
            return loading;
          };


          loading.close = function () {
            _modalSelection.remove();
          };


          loading.isShown = function () {
            return _modalSelection && !_modalSelection.empty() && _modalSelection.node().parentNode;
          };


          return loading;
        }

        function coreHistory(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'merge', 'restore', 'undone', 'redone');
            var lock = utilSessionMutex('lock');

            // restorable if iD not open in another window/tab and a saved history exists in localStorage
            var _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = lock.lock() && !!corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'));

            var duration = 150;
            var _imageryUsed = [];
            var _photoOverlaysUsed = [];
            var _checkpoints = {};
            var _pausedGraph;
            var _stack;
            var _index;
            var _tree;


            // internal _act, accepts list of actions and eased time
            function _act(actions, t) {
                actions = Array.prototype.slice.call(actions);

                var annotation;
                if (typeof actions[actions.length - 1] !== 'function') {
                    annotation = actions.pop();
                }

                var graph = _stack[_index].graph;
                for (var i = 0; i < actions.length; i++) {
                    graph = actions[i](graph, t);
                }

                return {
                    graph: graph,
                    annotation: annotation,
                    imageryUsed: _imageryUsed,
                    photoOverlaysUsed: _photoOverlaysUsed,
                    transform: context.projection.transform(),
                    selectedIDs: context.selectedIDs()
                };
            }


            // internal _perform with eased time
            function _perform(args, t) {
                var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
                _stack = _stack.slice(0, _index + 1);
                var actionResult = _act(args, t);
                _stack.push(actionResult);
                _index++;
                return change(previous);
            }


            // internal _replace with eased time
            function _replace(args, t) {
                var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
                // assert(_index == _stack.length - 1)
                var actionResult = _act(args, t);
                _stack[_index] = actionResult;
                return change(previous);
            }


            // internal _overwrite with eased time
            function _overwrite(args, t) {
                var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
                if (_index > 0) {
                    _index--;
                    _stack.pop();
                }
                _stack = _stack.slice(0, _index + 1);
                var actionResult = _act(args, t);
                _stack.push(actionResult);
                _index++;
                return change(previous);
            }


            // determine difference and dispatch a change event
            function change(previous) {
                var difference = coreDifference(previous, history.graph());
                if (!_pausedGraph) {
                    dispatch$1.call('change', this, difference);
                }
                return difference;
            }


            // iD uses namespaced keys so multiple installations do not conflict
            function getKey(n) {
                return 'iD_' + window.location.origin + '_' + n;
            }


            var history = {

                graph: function() {
                    return _stack[_index].graph;
                },


                tree: function() {
                    return _tree;
                },


                base: function() {
                    return _stack[0].graph;
                },


                merge: function(entities/*, extent*/) {
                    var stack = _stack.map(function(state) { return state.graph; });
                    _stack[0].graph.rebase(entities, stack, false);
                    _tree.rebase(entities, false);

                    dispatch$1.call('merge', this, entities);
                },


                perform: function() {
                    // complete any transition already in progress
                    select(document).interrupt('history.perform');

                    var transitionable = false;
                    var action0 = arguments[0];

                    if (arguments.length === 1 ||
                        (arguments.length === 2 && (typeof arguments[1] !== 'function'))) {
                        transitionable = !!action0.transitionable;
                    }

                    if (transitionable) {
                        var origArguments = arguments;
                        select(document)
                            .transition('history.perform')
                            .duration(duration)
                            .ease(linear$1)
                            .tween('history.tween', function() {
                                return function(t) {
                                    if (t < 1) { _overwrite([action0], t); }
                                };
                            })
                            .on('start', function() {
                                _perform([action0], 0);
                            })
                            .on('end interrupt', function() {
                                _overwrite(origArguments, 1);
                            });

                    } else {
                        return _perform(arguments);
                    }
                },


                replace: function() {
                    select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
                    return _replace(arguments, 1);
                },


                // Same as calling pop and then perform
                overwrite: function() {
                    select(document).interrupt('history.perform');
                    return _overwrite(arguments, 1);
                },


                pop: function(n) {
                    select(document).interrupt('history.perform');

                    var previous = _stack[_index].graph;
                    if (isNaN(+n) || +n < 0) {
                        n = 1;
                    }
                    while (n-- > 0 && _index > 0) {
                        _index--;
                        _stack.pop();
                    }
                    return change(previous);
                },


                // Back to the previous annotated state or _index = 0.
                undo: function() {
                    select(document).interrupt('history.perform');

                    var previousStack = _stack[_index];
                    var previous = previousStack.graph;
                    while (_index > 0) {
                        _index--;
                        if (_stack[_index].annotation) { break; }
                    }

                    dispatch$1.call('undone', this, _stack[_index], previousStack);
                    return change(previous);
                },


                // Forward to the next annotated state.
                redo: function() {
                    select(document).interrupt('history.perform');

                    var previousStack = _stack[_index];
                    var previous = previousStack.graph;
                    var tryIndex = _index;
                    while (tryIndex < _stack.length - 1) {
                        tryIndex++;
                        if (_stack[tryIndex].annotation) {
                            _index = tryIndex;
                            dispatch$1.call('redone', this, _stack[_index], previousStack);
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    return change(previous);
                },


                pauseChangeDispatch: function() {
                    if (!_pausedGraph) {
                        _pausedGraph = _stack[_index].graph;
                    }
                },


                resumeChangeDispatch: function() {
                    if (_pausedGraph) {
                        var previous = _pausedGraph;
                        _pausedGraph = null;
                        return change(previous);
                    }
                },


                undoAnnotation: function() {
                    var i = _index;
                    while (i >= 0) {
                        if (_stack[i].annotation) { return _stack[i].annotation; }
                        i--;
                    }
                },


                redoAnnotation: function() {
                    var i = _index + 1;
                    while (i <= _stack.length - 1) {
                        if (_stack[i].annotation) { return _stack[i].annotation; }
                        i++;
                    }
                },


                // Returns the entities from the active graph with bounding boxes
                // overlapping the given `extent`.
                intersects: function(extent) {
                    return _tree.intersects(extent, _stack[_index].graph);
                },


                difference: function() {
                    var base = _stack[0].graph;
                    var head = _stack[_index].graph;
                    return coreDifference(base, head);
                },


                changes: function(action) {
                    var base = _stack[0].graph;
                    var head = _stack[_index].graph;

                    if (action) {
                        head = action(head);
                    }

                    var difference = coreDifference(base, head);

                    return {
                        modified: difference.modified(),
                        created: difference.created(),
                        deleted: difference.deleted()
                    };
                },


                hasChanges: function() {
                    return this.difference().length() > 0;
                },


                imageryUsed: function(sources) {
                    if (sources) {
                        _imageryUsed = sources;
                        return history;
                    } else {
                        var s = new Set();
                        _stack.slice(1, _index + 1).forEach(function(state) {
                            state.imageryUsed.forEach(function(source) {
                                if (source !== 'Custom') {
                                    s.add(source);
                                }
                            });
                        });
                        return Array.from(s);
                    }
                },


                photoOverlaysUsed: function(sources) {
                    if (sources) {
                        _photoOverlaysUsed = sources;
                        return history;
                    } else {
                        var s = new Set();
                        _stack.slice(1, _index + 1).forEach(function(state) {
                            if (state.photoOverlaysUsed && Array.isArray(state.photoOverlaysUsed)) {
                                state.photoOverlaysUsed.forEach(function(photoOverlay) {
                                    s.add(photoOverlay);
                                });
                            }
                        });
                        return Array.from(s);
                    }
                },


                // save the current history state
                checkpoint: function(key) {
                    _checkpoints[key] = {
                        stack: _stack,
                        index: _index
                    };
                    return history;
                },


                // restore history state to a given checkpoint or reset completely
                reset: function(key) {
                    if (key !== undefined && _checkpoints.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                        _stack = _checkpoints[key].stack;
                        _index = _checkpoints[key].index;
                    } else {
                        _stack = [{graph: coreGraph()}];
                        _index = 0;
                        _tree = coreTree(_stack[0].graph);
                        _checkpoints = {};
                    }
                    dispatch$1.call('change');
                    return history;
                },


                // `toIntroGraph()` is used to export the intro graph used by the walkthrough.
                //
                // To use it:
                //  1. Start the walkthrough.
                //  2. Get to a "free editing" tutorial step
                //  3. Make your edits to the walkthrough map
                //  4. In your browser dev console run:
                //        `id.history().toIntroGraph()`
                //  5. This outputs stringified JSON to the browser console
                //  6. Copy it to `data/intro_graph.json` and prettify it in your code editor
                toIntroGraph: function() {
                    var nextID = { n: 0, r: 0, w: 0 };
                    var permIDs = {};
                    var graph = this.graph();
                    var baseEntities = {};

                    // clone base entities..
                    Object.values(graph.base().entities).forEach(function(entity) {
                        var copy = copyIntroEntity(entity);
                        baseEntities[copy.id] = copy;
                    });

                    // replace base entities with head entities..
                    Object.keys(graph.entities).forEach(function(id) {
                        var entity = graph.entities[id];
                        if (entity) {
                            var copy = copyIntroEntity(entity);
                            baseEntities[copy.id] = copy;
                        } else {
                            delete baseEntities[id];
                        }
                    });

                    // swap temporary for permanent ids..
                    Object.values(baseEntities).forEach(function(entity) {
                        if (Array.isArray(entity.nodes)) {
                            entity.nodes = entity.nodes.map(function(node) {
                                return permIDs[node] || node;
                            });
                        }
                        if (Array.isArray(entity.members)) {
                            entity.members = entity.members.map(function(member) {
                                member.id = permIDs[member.id] || member.id;
                                return member;
                            });
                        }
                    });

                    return JSON.stringify({ dataIntroGraph: baseEntities });


                    function copyIntroEntity(source) {
                        var copy = utilObjectOmit(source, ['type', 'user', 'v', 'version', 'visible']);

                        // Note: the copy is no longer an osmEntity, so it might not have `tags`
                        if (copy.tags && !Object.keys(copy.tags)) {
                            delete copy.tags;
                        }

                        if (Array.isArray(copy.loc)) {
                            copy.loc[0] = +copy.loc[0].toFixed(6);
                            copy.loc[1] = +copy.loc[1].toFixed(6);
                        }

                        var match = source.id.match(/([nrw])-\d*/);  // temporary id
                        if (match !== null) {
                            var nrw = match[1];
                            var permID;
                            do { permID = nrw + (++nextID[nrw]); }
                            while (baseEntities.hasOwnProperty(permID));

                            copy.id = permIDs[source.id] = permID;
                        }
                        return copy;
                    }
                },


                toJSON: function() {
                    if (!this.hasChanges()) { return; }

                    var allEntities = {};
                    var baseEntities = {};
                    var base = _stack[0];

                    var s = _stack.map(function(i) {
                        var modified = [];
                        var deleted = [];

                        Object.keys(i.graph.entities).forEach(function(id) {
                            var entity = i.graph.entities[id];
                            if (entity) {
                                var key = osmEntity.key(entity);
                                allEntities[key] = entity;
                                modified.push(key);
                            } else {
                                deleted.push(id);
                            }

                            // make sure that the originals of changed or deleted entities get merged
                            // into the base of the _stack after restoring the data from JSON.
                            if (id in base.graph.entities) {
                                baseEntities[id] = base.graph.entities[id];
                            }
                            if (entity && entity.nodes) {
                                // get originals of pre-existing child nodes
                                entity.nodes.forEach(function(nodeID) {
                                    if (nodeID in base.graph.entities) {
                                        baseEntities[nodeID] = base.graph.entities[nodeID];
                                    }
                                });
                            }
                            // get originals of parent entities too
                            var baseParents = base.graph._parentWays[id];
                            if (baseParents) {
                                baseParents.forEach(function(parentID) {
                                    if (parentID in base.graph.entities) {
                                        baseEntities[parentID] = base.graph.entities[parentID];
                                    }
                                });
                            }
                        });

                        var x = {};

                        if (modified.length) { x.modified = modified; }
                        if (deleted.length) { x.deleted = deleted; }
                        if (i.imageryUsed) { x.imageryUsed = i.imageryUsed; }
                        if (i.photoOverlaysUsed) { x.photoOverlaysUsed = i.photoOverlaysUsed; }
                        if (i.annotation) { x.annotation = i.annotation; }
                        if (i.transform) { x.transform = i.transform; }
                        if (i.selectedIDs) { x.selectedIDs = i.selectedIDs; }

                        return x;
                    });

                    return JSON.stringify({
                        version: 3,
                        entities: Object.values(allEntities),
                        baseEntities: Object.values(baseEntities),
                        stack: s,
                        nextIDs: osmEntity.id.next,
                        index: _index,
                        // note the time the changes were saved
                        timestamp: (new Date()).getTime()
                    });
                },


                fromJSON: function(json, loadChildNodes) {
                    var h = JSON.parse(json);
                    var loadComplete = true;

                    osmEntity.id.next = h.nextIDs;
                    _index = h.index;

                    if (h.version === 2 || h.version === 3) {
                        var allEntities = {};

                        h.entities.forEach(function(entity) {
                            allEntities[osmEntity.key(entity)] = osmEntity(entity);
                        });

                        if (h.version === 3) {
                            // This merges originals for changed entities into the base of
                            // the _stack even if the current _stack doesn't have them (for
                            // example when iD has been restarted in a different region)
                            var baseEntities = h.baseEntities.map(function(d) { return osmEntity(d); });
                            var stack = _stack.map(function(state) { return state.graph; });
                            _stack[0].graph.rebase(baseEntities, stack, true);
                            _tree.rebase(baseEntities, true);

                            // When we restore a modified way, we also need to fetch any missing
                            // childnodes that would normally have been downloaded with it.. #2142
                            if (loadChildNodes) {
                                var osm = context.connection();
                                var baseWays = baseEntities
                                    .filter(function(e) { return e.type === 'way'; });
                                var nodeIDs = baseWays
                                    .reduce(function(acc, way) { return utilArrayUnion(acc, way.nodes); }, []);
                                var missing = nodeIDs
                                    .filter(function(n) { return !_stack[0].graph.hasEntity(n); });

                                if (missing.length && osm) {
                                    loadComplete = false;
                                    context.map().redrawEnable(false);

                                    var loading = uiLoading(context).blocking(true);
                                    context.container().call(loading);

                                    var childNodesLoaded = function(err, result) {
                                        if (!err) {
                                            var visibleGroups = utilArrayGroupBy(result.data, 'visible');
                                            var visibles = visibleGroups.true || [];      // alive nodes
                                            var invisibles = visibleGroups.false || [];   // deleted nodes

                                            if (visibles.length) {
                                                var visibleIDs = visibles.map(function(entity) { return entity.id; });
                                                var stack = _stack.map(function(state) { return state.graph; });
                                                missing = utilArrayDifference(missing, visibleIDs);
                                                _stack[0].graph.rebase(visibles, stack, true);
                                                _tree.rebase(visibles, true);
                                            }

                                            // fetch older versions of nodes that were deleted..
                                            invisibles.forEach(function(entity) {
                                                osm.loadEntityVersion(entity.id, +entity.version - 1, childNodesLoaded);
                                            });
                                        }

                                        if (err || !missing.length) {
                                            loading.close();
                                            context.map().redrawEnable(true);
                                            dispatch$1.call('change');
                                            dispatch$1.call('restore', this);
                                        }
                                    };

                                    osm.loadMultiple(missing, childNodesLoaded);
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        _stack = h.stack.map(function(d) {
                            var entities = {}, entity;

                            if (d.modified) {
                                d.modified.forEach(function(key) {
                                    entity = allEntities[key];
                                    entities[entity.id] = entity;
                                });
                            }

                            if (d.deleted) {
                                d.deleted.forEach(function(id) {
                                    entities[id] = undefined;
                                });
                            }

                            return {
                                graph: coreGraph(_stack[0].graph).load(entities),
                                annotation: d.annotation,
                                imageryUsed: d.imageryUsed,
                                photoOverlaysUsed: d.photoOverlaysUsed,
                                transform: d.transform,
                                selectedIDs: d.selectedIDs
                            };
                        });

                    } else { // original version
                        _stack = h.stack.map(function(d) {
                            var entities = {};

                            for (var i in d.entities) {
                                var entity = d.entities[i];
                                entities[i] = entity === 'undefined' ? undefined : osmEntity(entity);
                            }

                            d.graph = coreGraph(_stack[0].graph).load(entities);
                            return d;
                        });
                    }

                    var transform = _stack[_index].transform;
                    if (transform) {
                        context.map().transformEase(transform, 0);   // 0 = immediate, no easing
                    }

                    if (loadComplete) {
                        dispatch$1.call('change');
                        dispatch$1.call('restore', this);
                    }

                    return history;
                },


                lock: function() {
                    return lock.lock();
                },


                unlock: function() {
                    lock.unlock();
                },


                save: function() {
                    if (lock.locked() &&
                        // don't overwrite existing, unresolved changes
                        !_hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges) {

                        corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'), history.toJSON() || null);
                    }
                    return history;
                },


                // delete the history version saved in localStorage
                clearSaved: function() {
                    context.debouncedSave.cancel();
                    if (lock.locked()) {
                        _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = false;
                        corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'), null);

                        // clear the changeset metadata associated with the saved history
                        corePreferences('comment', null);
                        corePreferences('hashtags', null);
                        corePreferences('source', null);
                    }
                    return history;
                },


                savedHistoryJSON: function() {
                    return corePreferences(getKey('saved_history'));
                },


                hasRestorableChanges: function() {
                    return _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges;
                },


                // load history from a version stored in localStorage
                restore: function() {
                    if (lock.locked()) {
                        _hasUnresolvedRestorableChanges = false;
                        var json = this.savedHistoryJSON();
                        if (json) { history.fromJSON(json, true); }
                    }
                },


                _getKey: getKey

            };


            history.reset();

            return utilRebind(history, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        /**
         * Look for roads that can be connected to other roads with a short extension
         */
        function validationAlmostJunction(context) {
          var type = 'almost_junction';
          var EXTEND_TH_METERS = 5;
          var WELD_TH_METERS = 0.75;
          // Comes from considering bounding case of parallel ways
          var CLOSE_NODE_TH = EXTEND_TH_METERS - WELD_TH_METERS;
          // Comes from considering bounding case of perpendicular ways
          var SIG_ANGLE_TH = Math.atan(WELD_TH_METERS / EXTEND_TH_METERS);

          function isHighway(entity) {
            return entity.type === 'way'
              && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[entity.tags.highway];
          }

          function isTaggedAsNotContinuing(node) {
            return node.tags.noexit === 'yes'
              || node.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance'
              || (node.tags.entrance && node.tags.entrance !== 'no');
          }


          var validation = function checkAlmostJunction(entity, graph) {
            if (!isHighway(entity)) { return []; }
            if (entity.isDegenerate()) { return []; }

            var tree = context.history().tree();
            var extendableNodeInfos = findConnectableEndNodesByExtension(entity);

            var issues = [];

            extendableNodeInfos.forEach(function (extendableNodeInfo) {
              issues.push(new validationIssue({
                type: type,
                subtype: 'highway-highway',
                severity: 'warning',
                message: function message(context) {
                  var entity1 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                  if (this.entityIds[0] === this.entityIds[2]) {
                    return entity1 ? _t('issues.almost_junction.self.message', {
                      feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, context.graph())
                    }) : '';
                  } else {
                    var entity2 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[2]);
                    return (entity1 && entity2) ? _t('issues.almost_junction.message', {
                      feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, context.graph()),
                      feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, context.graph())
                    }) : '';
                  }
                },
                reference: showReference,
                entityIds: [
                  entity.id,
                  extendableNodeInfo.node.id,
                  extendableNodeInfo.wid ],
                loc: extendableNodeInfo.node.loc,
                hash: JSON.stringify(extendableNodeInfo.node.loc),
                data: {
                  midId: extendableNodeInfo.mid.id,
                  edge: extendableNodeInfo.edge,
                  cross_loc: extendableNodeInfo.cross_loc
                },
                dynamicFixes: makeFixes
              }));
            });

            return issues;

            function makeFixes(context) {
              var fixes = [new validationIssueFix({
                icon: 'iD-icon-abutment',
                title: _t('issues.fix.connect_features.title'),
                onClick: function onClick(context) {
                  var annotation = _t('issues.fix.connect_almost_junction.annotation');
                  var ref = this.issue.entityIds;
                  var endNodeId = ref[1];
                  var crossWayId = ref[2];
                  var midNode = context.entity(this.issue.data.midId);
                  var endNode = context.entity(endNodeId);
                  var crossWay = context.entity(crossWayId);

                  // When endpoints are close, just join if resulting small change in angle (#7201)
                  var nearEndNodes = findNearbyEndNodes(endNode, crossWay);
                  if (nearEndNodes.length > 0) {
                    var collinear = findSmallJoinAngle(midNode, endNode, nearEndNodes);
                    if (collinear) {
                      context.perform(
                        actionMergeNodes([collinear.id, endNode.id], collinear.loc),
                        annotation
                      );
                      return;
                    }
                  }

                  var targetEdge = this.issue.data.edge;
                  var crossLoc = this.issue.data.cross_loc;
                  var edgeNodes = [context.entity(targetEdge[0]), context.entity(targetEdge[1])];
                  var closestNodeInfo = geoSphericalClosestNode(edgeNodes, crossLoc);

                  // already a point nearby, just connect to that
                  if (closestNodeInfo.distance < WELD_TH_METERS) {
                    context.perform(
                      actionMergeNodes([closestNodeInfo.node.id, endNode.id], closestNodeInfo.node.loc),
                      annotation
                    );
                  // else add the end node to the edge way
                  } else {
                    context.perform(
                      actionAddMidpoint({loc: crossLoc, edge: targetEdge}, endNode),
                      annotation
                    );
                  }
                }
              })];

              var node = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
              if (node && !node.hasInterestingTags()) {
                // node has no descriptive tags, suggest noexit fix
                fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                  icon: 'maki-barrier',
                  title: _t('issues.fix.tag_as_disconnected.title'),
                  onClick: function onClick(context) {
                    var nodeID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
                    var tags = Object.assign({}, context.entity(nodeID).tags);
                    tags.noexit = 'yes';
                    context.perform(
                      actionChangeTags(nodeID, tags),
                      _t('issues.fix.tag_as_disconnected.annotation')
                    );
                  }
                }));
              }

              return fixes;
            }

            function showReference(selection) {
              selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                .data([0])
                .enter()
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                .text(_t('issues.almost_junction.highway-highway.reference'));
            }

            function isExtendableCandidate(node, way) {
              // can not accurately test vertices on tiles not downloaded from osm - #5938
              var osm = services.osm;
              if (osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc)) {
                return false;
              }
              if (isTaggedAsNotContinuing(node) || graph.parentWays(node).length !== 1) {
                return false;
              }

              var occurences = 0;
              for (var index in way.nodes) {
                if (way.nodes[index] === node.id) {
                  occurences += 1;
                  if (occurences > 1) {
                    return false;
                  }
                }
              }
              return true;
            }

            function findConnectableEndNodesByExtension(way) {
              var results = [];
              if (way.isClosed()) { return results; }

              var testNodes;
              var indices = [0, way.nodes.length - 1];
              indices.forEach(function (nodeIndex) {
                var nodeID = way.nodes[nodeIndex];
                var node = graph.entity(nodeID);

                if (!isExtendableCandidate(node, way)) { return; }

                var connectionInfo = canConnectByExtend(way, nodeIndex);
                if (!connectionInfo) { return; }

                testNodes = graph.childNodes(way).slice();   // shallow copy
                testNodes[nodeIndex] = testNodes[nodeIndex].move(connectionInfo.cross_loc);

                // don't flag issue if connecting the ways would cause self-intersection
                if (geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, nodeID)) { return; }

                results.push(connectionInfo);
              });

              return results;
            }

            function findNearbyEndNodes(node, way) {
              return [
                way.nodes[0],
                way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 1]
              ].map(function (d) { return graph.entity(d); })
              .filter(function (d) {
                // Node cannot be near to itself, but other endnode of same way could be
                return d.id !== node.id
                  && geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, d.loc) <= CLOSE_NODE_TH;
              });
            }

            function findSmallJoinAngle(midNode, tipNode, endNodes) {
              // Both nodes could be close, so want to join whichever is closest to collinear
              var joinTo;
              var minAngle = Infinity;

              // Checks midNode -> tipNode -> endNode for collinearity
              endNodes.forEach(function (endNode) {
                var a1 = geoAngle(midNode, tipNode, context.projection) + Math.PI;
                var a2 = geoAngle(midNode, endNode, context.projection) + Math.PI;
                var diff = Math.max(a1, a2) - Math.min(a1, a2);

                if (diff < minAngle) {
                  joinTo = endNode;
                  minAngle = diff;
                }
              });

              /* Threshold set by considering right angle triangle
              based on node joining threshold and extension distance */
              if (minAngle <= SIG_ANGLE_TH) { return joinTo; }

              return null;
            }

            function hasTag(tags, key) {
              return tags[key] !== undefined && tags[key] !== 'no';
            }

            function canConnectWays(way, way2) {

              // allow self-connections
              if (way.id === way2.id) { return true; }

              // if one is bridge or tunnel, both must be bridge or tunnel
              if ((hasTag(way.tags, 'bridge') || hasTag(way2.tags, 'bridge')) &&
                !(hasTag(way.tags, 'bridge') && hasTag(way2.tags, 'bridge'))) { return false; }
              if ((hasTag(way.tags, 'tunnel') || hasTag(way2.tags, 'tunnel')) &&
                !(hasTag(way.tags, 'tunnel') && hasTag(way2.tags, 'tunnel'))) { return false; }

              // must have equivalent layers and levels
              var layer1 = way.tags.layer || '0',
                layer2 = way2.tags.layer || '0';
              if (layer1 !== layer2) { return false; }

              var level1 = way.tags.level || '0',
                level2 = way2.tags.level || '0';
              if (level1 !== level2) { return false; }

              return true;
            }

            function canConnectByExtend(way, endNodeIdx) {
              var tipNid = way.nodes[endNodeIdx];  // the 'tip' node for extension point
              var midNid = endNodeIdx === 0 ? way.nodes[1] : way.nodes[way.nodes.length - 2];  // the other node of the edge
              var tipNode = graph.entity(tipNid);
              var midNode = graph.entity(midNid);
              var lon = tipNode.loc[0];
              var lat = tipNode.loc[1];
              var lon_range = geoMetersToLon(EXTEND_TH_METERS, lat) / 2;
              var lat_range = geoMetersToLat(EXTEND_TH_METERS) / 2;
              var queryExtent = geoExtent([
                [lon - lon_range, lat - lat_range],
                [lon + lon_range, lat + lat_range]
              ]);

              // first, extend the edge of [midNode -> tipNode] by EXTEND_TH_METERS and find the "extended tip" location
              var edgeLen = geoSphericalDistance(midNode.loc, tipNode.loc);
              var t = EXTEND_TH_METERS / edgeLen + 1.0;
              var extTipLoc = geoVecInterp(midNode.loc, tipNode.loc, t);

              // then, check if the extension part [tipNode.loc -> extTipLoc] intersects any other ways
              var segmentInfos = tree.waySegments(queryExtent, graph);
              for (var i = 0; i < segmentInfos.length; i++) {
                var segmentInfo = segmentInfos[i];

                var way2 = graph.entity(segmentInfo.wayId);

                if (!isHighway(way2)) { continue; }

                if (!canConnectWays(way, way2)) { continue; }

                var nAid = segmentInfo.nodes[0],
                  nBid = segmentInfo.nodes[1];

                if (nAid === tipNid || nBid === tipNid) { continue; }

                var nA = graph.entity(nAid),
                  nB = graph.entity(nBid);
                var crossLoc = geoLineIntersection([tipNode.loc, extTipLoc], [nA.loc, nB.loc]);
                if (crossLoc) {
                  return {
                    mid: midNode,
                    node: tipNode,
                    wid: way2.id,
                    edge: [nA.id, nB.id],
                    cross_loc: crossLoc
                  };
                }
              }
              return null;
            }
          };

          validation.type = type;

          return validation;
        }

        function validationCloseNodes(context) {
            var type = 'close_nodes';

            var pointThresholdMeters = 0.2;

            var validation = function(entity, graph) {
                if (entity.type === 'node') {
                    return getIssuesForNode(entity);
                } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
                    return getIssuesForWay(entity);
                }
                return [];

                function getIssuesForNode(node) {
                    var parentWays = graph.parentWays(node);
                    if (parentWays.length) {
                        return getIssuesForVertex(node, parentWays);
                    } else {
                        return getIssuesForDetachedPoint(node);
                    }
                }

                function wayTypeFor(way) {

                    if (way.tags.boundary && way.tags.boundary !== 'no') { return 'boundary'; }
                    if (way.tags.indoor && way.tags.indoor !== 'no') { return 'indoor'; }
                    if ((way.tags.building && way.tags.building !== 'no') ||
                        (way.tags['building:part'] && way.tags['building:part'] !== 'no')) { return 'building'; }
                    if (osmPathHighwayTagValues[way.tags.highway]) { return 'path'; }

                    var parentRelations = graph.parentRelations(way);
                    for (var i in parentRelations) {
                        var relation = parentRelations[i];

                        if (relation.tags.type === 'boundary') { return 'boundary'; }

                        if (relation.isMultipolygon()) {
                            if (relation.tags.indoor && relation.tags.indoor !== 'no') { return 'indoor'; }
                            if ((relation.tags.building && relation.tags.building !== 'no') ||
                                (relation.tags['building:part'] && relation.tags['building:part'] !== 'no')) { return 'building'; }
                        }
                    }

                    return 'other';
                }

                function shouldCheckWay(way) {

                    // don't flag issues where merging would create degenerate ways
                    if (way.nodes.length <= 2 ||
                        (way.isClosed() && way.nodes.length <= 4)) { return false; }

                    var bbox = way.extent(graph).bbox();
                    var hypotenuseMeters = geoSphericalDistance([bbox.minX, bbox.minY], [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY]);
                    // don't flag close nodes in very small ways
                    if (hypotenuseMeters < 1.5) { return false; }

                    return true;
                }

                function getIssuesForWay(way) {
                    if (!shouldCheckWay(way)) { return []; }

                    var issues = [],
                        nodes = graph.childNodes(way);
                    for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length - 1; i++) {
                        var node1 = nodes[i];
                        var node2 = nodes[i+1];

                        var issue = getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way);
                        if (issue) { issues.push(issue); }
                    }
                    return issues;
                }

                function getIssuesForVertex(node, parentWays) {
                    var issues = [];

                    function checkForCloseness(node1, node2, way) {
                        var issue = getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way);
                        if (issue) { issues.push(issue); }
                    }

                    for (var i = 0; i < parentWays.length; i++) {
                        var parentWay = parentWays[i];

                        if (!shouldCheckWay(parentWay)) { continue; }

                        var lastIndex = parentWay.nodes.length - 1;
                        for (var j = 0; j < parentWay.nodes.length; j++) {
                            if (j !== 0) {
                                if (parentWay.nodes[j-1] === node.id) {
                                    checkForCloseness(node, graph.entity(parentWay.nodes[j]), parentWay);
                                }
                            }
                            if (j !== lastIndex) {
                                if (parentWay.nodes[j+1] === node.id) {
                                    checkForCloseness(graph.entity(parentWay.nodes[j]), node, parentWay);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    return issues;
                }

                function thresholdMetersForWay(way) {
                    if (!shouldCheckWay(way)) { return 0; }

                    var wayType = wayTypeFor(way);

                    // don't flag boundaries since they might be highly detailed and can't be easily verified
                    if (wayType === 'boundary') { return 0; }
                    // expect some features to be mapped with higher levels of detail
                    if (wayType === 'indoor') { return 0.01; }
                    if (wayType === 'building') { return 0.05; }
                    if (wayType === 'path') { return 0.1; }
                    return 0.2;
                }

                function getIssuesForDetachedPoint(node) {

                    var issues = [];

                    var lon = node.loc[0];
                    var lat = node.loc[1];
                    var lon_range = geoMetersToLon(pointThresholdMeters, lat) / 2;
                    var lat_range = geoMetersToLat(pointThresholdMeters) / 2;
                    var queryExtent = geoExtent([
                        [lon - lon_range, lat - lat_range],
                        [lon + lon_range, lat + lat_range]
                    ]);

                    var intersected = context.history().tree().intersects(queryExtent, graph);
                    for (var j = 0; j < intersected.length; j++) {
                        var nearby = intersected[j];

                        if (nearby.id === node.id) { continue; }
                        if (nearby.type !== 'node' || nearby.geometry(graph) !== 'point') { continue; }

                        if (nearby.loc === node.loc ||
                            geoSphericalDistance(node.loc, nearby.loc) < pointThresholdMeters) {

                            // allow very close points if tags indicate the z-axis might vary
                            var zAxisKeys = { layer: true, level: true, 'addr:housenumber': true, 'addr:unit': true };
                            var zAxisDifferentiates = false;
                            for (var key in zAxisKeys) {
                                var nodeValue = node.tags[key] || '0';
                                var nearbyValue = nearby.tags[key] || '0';
                                if (nodeValue !== nearbyValue) {
                                    zAxisDifferentiates = true;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                            if (zAxisDifferentiates) { continue; }

                            issues.push(new validationIssue({
                                type: type,
                                subtype: 'detached',
                                severity: 'warning',
                                message: function(context) {
                                    var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]),
                                        entity2 = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
                                    return (entity && entity2) ? _t('issues.close_nodes.detached.message', {
                                        feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()),
                                        feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, context.graph())
                                    }) : '';
                                },
                                reference: showReference,
                                entityIds: [node.id, nearby.id],
                                dynamicFixes: function() {
                                    return [
                                        new validationIssueFix({
                                            icon: 'iD-operation-disconnect',
                                            title: _t('issues.fix.move_points_apart.title')
                                        }),
                                        new validationIssueFix({
                                            icon: 'iD-icon-layers',
                                            title: _t('issues.fix.use_different_layers_or_levels.title')
                                        })
                                    ];
                                }
                            }));
                        }
                    }

                    return issues;

                    function showReference(selection) {
                        var referenceText = _t('issues.close_nodes.detached.reference');
                        selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                            .data([0])
                            .enter()
                            .append('div')
                            .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                            .text(referenceText);
                    }
                }

                function getWayIssueIfAny(node1, node2, way) {
                    if (node1.id === node2.id ||
                        (node1.hasInterestingTags() && node2.hasInterestingTags())) {
                        return null;
                    }

                    if (node1.loc !== node2.loc) {
                        var parentWays1 = graph.parentWays(node1);
                        var parentWays2 = new Set(graph.parentWays(node2));

                        var sharedWays = parentWays1.filter(function(parentWay) {
                            return parentWays2.has(parentWay);
                        });

                        var thresholds = sharedWays.map(function(parentWay) {
                            return thresholdMetersForWay(parentWay);
                        });

                        var threshold = Math.min.apply(Math, thresholds);
                        var distance = geoSphericalDistance(node1.loc, node2.loc);
                        if (distance > threshold) { return null; }
                    }

                    return new validationIssue({
                        type: type,
                        subtype: 'vertices',
                        severity: 'warning',
                        message: function(context) {
                            var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                            return entity ? _t('issues.close_nodes.message', { way: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()) }) : '';
                        },
                        reference: showReference,
                        entityIds: [way.id, node1.id, node2.id],
                        loc: node1.loc,
                        dynamicFixes: function() {
                            return [
                                new validationIssueFix({
                                    icon: 'iD-icon-plus',
                                    title: _t('issues.fix.merge_points.title'),
                                    onClick: function(context) {
                                        var entityIds = this.issue.entityIds;
                                        var action = actionMergeNodes([entityIds[1], entityIds[2]]);
                                        context.perform(action, _t('issues.fix.merge_close_vertices.annotation'));
                                    }
                                }),
                                new validationIssueFix({
                                    icon: 'iD-operation-disconnect',
                                    title: _t('issues.fix.move_points_apart.title')
                                })
                            ];
                        }
                    });

                    function showReference(selection) {
                        var referenceText = _t('issues.close_nodes.reference');
                        selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                            .data([0])
                            .enter()
                            .append('div')
                            .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                            .text(referenceText);
                    }
                }

            };


            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        function validationCrossingWays(context) {
            var type = 'crossing_ways';

            // returns the way or its parent relation, whichever has a useful feature type
            function getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way, graph) {
                if (getFeatureType(way, graph) === null) {
                    // if the way doesn't match a feature type, check its parent relations
                    var parentRels = graph.parentRelations(way);
                    for (var i = 0; i < parentRels.length; i++) {
                        var rel = parentRels[i];
                        if (getFeatureType(rel, graph) !== null) {
                            return rel;
                        }
                    }
                }
                return way;
            }


            function hasTag(tags, key) {
                return tags[key] !== undefined && tags[key] !== 'no';
            }

            function taggedAsIndoor(tags) {
                return hasTag(tags, 'indoor') ||
                    hasTag(tags, 'level') ||
                    tags.highway === 'corridor';
            }

            function allowsBridge(featureType) {
                return featureType === 'highway' || featureType === 'railway' || featureType === 'waterway';
            }
            function allowsTunnel(featureType) {
                return featureType === 'highway' || featureType === 'railway' || featureType === 'waterway';
            }

            // discard
            var ignoredBuildings = {
                demolished: true, dismantled: true, proposed: true, razed: true
            };


            function getFeatureType(entity, graph) {

                var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
                if (geometry !== 'line' && geometry !== 'area') { return null; }

                var tags = entity.tags;

                if (hasTag(tags, 'building') && !ignoredBuildings[tags.building]) { return 'building'; }
                if (hasTag(tags, 'highway') && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[tags.highway]) { return 'highway'; }

                // don't check railway or waterway areas
                if (geometry !== 'line') { return null; }

                if (hasTag(tags, 'railway') && osmRailwayTrackTagValues[tags.railway]) { return 'railway'; }
                if (hasTag(tags, 'waterway') && osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues[tags.waterway]) { return 'waterway'; }

                return null;
            }


            function isLegitCrossing(tags1, featureType1, tags2, featureType2) {

                // assume 0 by default
                var level1 = tags1.level || '0';
                var level2 = tags2.level || '0';

                if (taggedAsIndoor(tags1) && taggedAsIndoor(tags2) && level1 !== level2) {
                    // assume features don't interact if they're indoor on different levels
                    return true;
                }

                // assume 0 by default; don't use way.layer() since we account for structures here
                var layer1 = tags1.layer || '0';
                var layer2 = tags2.layer || '0';

                if (allowsBridge(featureType1) && allowsBridge(featureType2)) {
                    if (hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && !hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) { return true; }
                    if (!hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) { return true; }
                    // crossing bridges must use different layers
                    if (hasTag(tags1, 'bridge') && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge') && layer1 !== layer2) { return true; }
                } else if (allowsBridge(featureType1) && hasTag(tags1, 'bridge')) { return true; }
                else if (allowsBridge(featureType2) && hasTag(tags2, 'bridge')) { return true; }

                if (allowsTunnel(featureType1) && allowsTunnel(featureType2)) {
                    if (hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && !hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) { return true; }
                    if (!hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) { return true; }
                    // crossing tunnels must use different layers
                    if (hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel') && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel') && layer1 !== layer2) { return true; }
                } else if (allowsTunnel(featureType1) && hasTag(tags1, 'tunnel')) { return true; }
                else if (allowsTunnel(featureType2) && hasTag(tags2, 'tunnel')) { return true; }

                // don't flag crossing waterways and pier/highways
                if (featureType1 === 'waterway' && featureType2 === 'highway' && tags2.man_made === 'pier') { return true; }
                if (featureType2 === 'waterway' && featureType1 === 'highway' && tags1.man_made === 'pier') { return true; }

                if (featureType1 === 'building' || featureType2 === 'building') {
                    // for building crossings, different layers are enough
                    if (layer1 !== layer2) { return true; }
                }
                return false;
            }


            // highway values for which we shouldn't recommend connecting to waterways
            var highwaysDisallowingFords = {
                motorway: true, motorway_link: true, trunk: true, trunk_link: true,
                primary: true, primary_link: true, secondary: true, secondary_link: true
            };
            var nonCrossingHighways = { track: true };

            function tagsForConnectionNodeIfAllowed(entity1, entity2, graph) {
                var featureType1 = getFeatureType(entity1, graph);
                var featureType2 = getFeatureType(entity2, graph);

                var geometry1 = entity1.geometry(graph);
                var geometry2 = entity2.geometry(graph);
                var bothLines = geometry1 === 'line' && geometry2 === 'line';

                if (featureType1 === featureType2) {
                    if (featureType1 === 'highway') {
                        var entity1IsPath = osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity1.tags.highway];
                        var entity2IsPath = osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity2.tags.highway];
                        if ((entity1IsPath || entity2IsPath) && entity1IsPath !== entity2IsPath) {
                            // one feature is a path but not both

                            var roadFeature = entity1IsPath ? entity2 : entity1;
                            if (nonCrossingHighways[roadFeature.tags.highway]) {
                                // don't mark path connections with certain roads as crossings
                                return {};
                            }
                            var pathFeature = entity1IsPath ? entity1 : entity2;
                            if (['marked', 'unmarked'].indexOf(pathFeature.tags.crossing) !== -1) {
                                // if the path is a crossing, match the crossing type
                                return bothLines ? { highway: 'crossing', crossing: pathFeature.tags.crossing } : {};
                            }
                            // don't add a `crossing` subtag to ambiguous crossings
                            return bothLines ? { highway: 'crossing' } : {};
                        }
                        return {};
                    }
                    if (featureType1 === 'waterway') { return {}; }
                    if (featureType1 === 'railway') { return {}; }

                } else {
                    var featureTypes = [featureType1, featureType2];
                    if (featureTypes.indexOf('highway') !== -1) {
                        if (featureTypes.indexOf('railway') !== -1) {
                            if (!bothLines) { return {}; }

                            var isTram = entity1.tags.railway === 'tram' || entity2.tags.railway === 'tram';

                            if (osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity1.tags.highway] ||
                                osmPathHighwayTagValues[entity2.tags.highway]) {

                                // path-tram connections use this tag
                                if (isTram) { return { railway: 'tram_crossing' }; }

                                // other path-rail connections use this tag
                                return { railway: 'crossing' };
                            } else {
                                // path-tram connections use this tag
                                if (isTram) { return { railway: 'tram_level_crossing' }; }

                                // other road-rail connections use this tag
                                return { railway: 'level_crossing' };
                            }
                        }

                        if (featureTypes.indexOf('waterway') !== -1) {
                            // do not allow fords on structures
                            if (hasTag(entity1.tags, 'tunnel') && hasTag(entity2.tags, 'tunnel')) { return null; }
                            if (hasTag(entity1.tags, 'bridge') && hasTag(entity2.tags, 'bridge')) { return null; }

                            if (highwaysDisallowingFords[entity1.tags.highway] ||
                                highwaysDisallowingFords[entity2.tags.highway]) {
                                // do not allow fords on major highways
                                return null;
                            }
                            return bothLines ? { ford: 'yes' } : {};
                        }
                    }
                }
                return null;
            }


            function findCrossingsByWay(way1, graph, tree) {
                var edgeCrossInfos = [];
                if (way1.type !== 'way') { return edgeCrossInfos; }

                var taggedFeature1 = getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way1, graph);
                var way1FeatureType = getFeatureType(taggedFeature1, graph);
                if (way1FeatureType === null) { return edgeCrossInfos; }

                var checkedSingleCrossingWays = {};

                // declare vars ahead of time to reduce garbage collection
                var i, j;
                var extent;
                var n1, n2, nA, nB, nAId, nBId;
                var segment1, segment2;
                var oneOnly;
                var segmentInfos, segment2Info, way2, taggedFeature2, way2FeatureType;
                var way1Nodes = graph.childNodes(way1);
                var comparedWays = {};
                for (i = 0; i < way1Nodes.length - 1; i++) {
                    n1 = way1Nodes[i];
                    n2 = way1Nodes[i + 1];
                    extent = geoExtent([
                        [
                            Math.min(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]),
                            Math.min(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])
                        ],
                        [
                            Math.max(n1.loc[0], n2.loc[0]),
                            Math.max(n1.loc[1], n2.loc[1])
                        ]
                    ]);

                    // Optimize by only checking overlapping segments, not every segment
                    // of overlapping ways
                    segmentInfos = tree.waySegments(extent, graph);

                    for (j = 0; j < segmentInfos.length; j++) {
                        segment2Info = segmentInfos[j];

                        // don't check for self-intersection in this validation
                        if (segment2Info.wayId === way1.id) { continue; }

                        // skip if this way was already checked and only one issue is needed
                        if (checkedSingleCrossingWays[segment2Info.wayId]) { continue; }

                        // mark this way as checked even if there are no crossings
                        comparedWays[segment2Info.wayId] = true;

                        way2 = graph.hasEntity(segment2Info.wayId);
                        if (!way2) { continue; }
                        taggedFeature2 = getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(way2, graph);
                        // only check crossing highway, waterway, building, and railway
                        way2FeatureType = getFeatureType(taggedFeature2, graph);

                        if (way2FeatureType === null ||
                            isLegitCrossing(taggedFeature1.tags, way1FeatureType, taggedFeature2.tags, way2FeatureType)) {
                            continue;
                        }

                        // create only one issue for building crossings
                        oneOnly = way1FeatureType === 'building' || way2FeatureType === 'building';

                        nAId = segment2Info.nodes[0];
                        nBId = segment2Info.nodes[1];
                        if (nAId === n1.id || nAId === n2.id ||
                            nBId === n1.id || nBId === n2.id) {
                            // n1 or n2 is a connection node; skip
                            continue;
                        }
                        nA = graph.hasEntity(nAId);
                        if (!nA) { continue; }
                        nB = graph.hasEntity(nBId);
                        if (!nB) { continue; }

                        segment1 = [n1.loc, n2.loc];
                        segment2 = [nA.loc, nB.loc];
                        var point = geoLineIntersection(segment1, segment2);
                        if (point) {
                            edgeCrossInfos.push({
                                wayInfos: [
                                    {
                                        way: way1,
                                        featureType: way1FeatureType,
                                        edge: [n1.id, n2.id]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        way: way2,
                                        featureType: way2FeatureType,
                                        edge: [nA.id, nB.id]
                                    }
                                ],
                                crossPoint: point
                            });
                            if (oneOnly) {
                                checkedSingleCrossingWays[way2.id] = true;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                return edgeCrossInfos;
            }


            function waysToCheck(entity, graph) {
                var featureType = getFeatureType(entity, graph);
                if (!featureType) { return []; }

                if (entity.type === 'way') {
                    return [entity];
                } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
                    return entity.members.reduce(function(array, member) {
                        if (member.type === 'way' &&
                            // only look at geometry ways
                            (!member.role || member.role === 'outer' || member.role === 'inner')) {
                            var entity = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
                            // don't add duplicates
                            if (entity && array.indexOf(entity) === -1) {
                                array.push(entity);
                            }
                        }
                        return array;
                    }, []);
                }
                return [];
            }


            var validation = function checkCrossingWays(entity, graph) {

                var tree = context.history().tree();

                var ways = waysToCheck(entity, graph);

                var issues = [];
                // declare these here to reduce garbage collection
                var wayIndex, crossingIndex, crossings;
                for (wayIndex in ways) {
                    crossings = findCrossingsByWay(ways[wayIndex], graph, tree);
                    for (crossingIndex in crossings) {
                        issues.push(createIssue(crossings[crossingIndex], graph));
                    }
                }
                return issues;
            };


            function createIssue(crossing, graph) {

                // use the entities with the tags that define the feature type
                crossing.wayInfos.sort(function(way1Info, way2Info) {
                    var type1 = way1Info.featureType;
                    var type2 = way2Info.featureType;
                    if (type1 === type2) {
                        return utilDisplayLabel(way1Info.way, graph) > utilDisplayLabel(way2Info.way, graph);
                    } else if (type1 === 'waterway') {
                        return true;
                    } else if (type2 === 'waterway') {
                        return false;
                    }
                    return type1 < type2;
                });
                var entities = crossing.wayInfos.map(function(wayInfo) {
                    return getFeatureWithFeatureTypeTagsForWay(wayInfo.way, graph);
                });
                var edges = [crossing.wayInfos[0].edge, crossing.wayInfos[1].edge];
                var featureTypes = [crossing.wayInfos[0].featureType, crossing.wayInfos[1].featureType];

                var connectionTags = tagsForConnectionNodeIfAllowed(entities[0], entities[1], graph);

                var featureType1 = crossing.wayInfos[0].featureType;
                var featureType2 = crossing.wayInfos[1].featureType;

                var isCrossingIndoors = taggedAsIndoor(entities[0].tags) && taggedAsIndoor(entities[1].tags);
                var isCrossingTunnels = allowsTunnel(featureType1) && hasTag(entities[0].tags, 'tunnel') &&
                                        allowsTunnel(featureType2) && hasTag(entities[1].tags, 'tunnel');
                var isCrossingBridges = allowsBridge(featureType1) && hasTag(entities[0].tags, 'bridge') &&
                                        allowsBridge(featureType2) && hasTag(entities[1].tags, 'bridge');

                var subtype = [featureType1, featureType2].sort().join('-');

                var crossingTypeID = subtype;

                if (isCrossingIndoors) {
                    crossingTypeID = 'indoor-indoor';
                } else if (isCrossingTunnels) {
                    crossingTypeID = 'tunnel-tunnel';
                } else if (isCrossingBridges) {
                    crossingTypeID = 'bridge-bridge';
                }
                if (connectionTags && (isCrossingIndoors || isCrossingTunnels || isCrossingBridges)) {
                    crossingTypeID += '_connectable';
                }

                return new validationIssue({
                    type: type,
                    subtype: subtype,
                    severity: 'warning',
                    message: function(context) {
                        var graph = context.graph();
                        var entity1 = graph.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]),
                            entity2 = graph.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]);
                        return (entity1 && entity2) ? _t('issues.crossing_ways.message', {
                            feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity1, graph),
                            feature2: utilDisplayLabel(entity2, graph)
                        }) : '';
                    },
                    reference: showReference,
                    entityIds: entities.map(function(entity) {
                        return entity.id;
                    }),
                    data: {
                        edges: edges,
                        featureTypes: featureTypes,
                        connectionTags: connectionTags
                    },
                    // differentiate based on the loc since two ways can cross multiple times
                    hash: crossing.crossPoint.toString() +
                        // if the edges change then so does the fix
                        edges.slice().sort(function(edge1, edge2) {
                            // order to assure hash is deterministic
                            return edge1[0] < edge2[0] ? -1 : 1;
                        }).toString() +
                        // ensure the correct connection tags are added in the fix
                        JSON.stringify(connectionTags),
                    loc: crossing.crossPoint,
                    dynamicFixes: function(context) {
                        var mode = context.mode();
                        if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select' || mode.selectedIDs().length !== 1) { return []; }

                        var selectedIndex = this.entityIds[0] === mode.selectedIDs()[0] ? 0 : 1;
                        var selectedFeatureType = this.data.featureTypes[selectedIndex];
                        var otherFeatureType = this.data.featureTypes[selectedIndex === 0 ? 1 : 0];

                        var fixes = [];

                        if (connectionTags) {
                            fixes.push(makeConnectWaysFix(this.data.connectionTags));
                        }

                        if (isCrossingIndoors) {
                            fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                                icon: 'iD-icon-layers',
                                title: _t('issues.fix.use_different_levels.title')
                            }));
                        } else if (isCrossingTunnels ||
                            isCrossingBridges ||
                            featureType1 === 'building' ||
                            featureType2 === 'building')  {

                            fixes.push(makeChangeLayerFix('higher'));
                            fixes.push(makeChangeLayerFix('lower'));

                        // can only add bridge/tunnel if both features are lines
                        } else if (context.graph().geometry(this.entityIds[0]) === 'line' &&
                            context.graph().geometry(this.entityIds[1]) === 'line') {

                            // don't recommend adding bridges to waterways since they're uncommon
                            if (allowsBridge(selectedFeatureType) && selectedFeatureType !== 'waterway') {
                                fixes.push(makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix('add_a_bridge', 'temaki-bridge', 'bridge'));
                            }

                            // don't recommend adding tunnels under waterways since they're uncommon
                            var skipTunnelFix = otherFeatureType === 'waterway' && selectedFeatureType !== 'waterway';
                            if (allowsTunnel(selectedFeatureType) && !skipTunnelFix) {
                                fixes.push(makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix('add_a_tunnel', 'temaki-tunnel', 'tunnel'));
                            }
                        }

                        // repositioning the features is always an option
                        fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                            icon: 'iD-operation-move',
                            title: _t('issues.fix.reposition_features.title')
                        }));

                        return fixes;
                    }
                });

                function showReference(selection) {
                    selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(_t('issues.crossing_ways.' + crossingTypeID + '.reference'));
                }
            }

            function makeAddBridgeOrTunnelFix(fixTitleID, iconName, bridgeOrTunnel){
                return new validationIssueFix({
                    icon: iconName,
                    title: _t('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.title'),
                    onClick: function(context) {
                        var mode = context.mode();
                        if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select') { return; }

                        var selectedIDs = mode.selectedIDs();
                        if (selectedIDs.length !== 1) { return; }

                        var selectedWayID = selectedIDs[0];
                        if (!context.hasEntity(selectedWayID)) { return; }

                        var resultWayIDs = [selectedWayID];

                        var edge, crossedEdge, crossedWayID;
                        if (this.issue.entityIds[0] === selectedWayID) {
                            edge = this.issue.data.edges[0];
                            crossedEdge = this.issue.data.edges[1];
                            crossedWayID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
                        } else {
                            edge = this.issue.data.edges[1];
                            crossedEdge = this.issue.data.edges[0];
                            crossedWayID = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                        }

                        var crossingLoc = this.issue.loc;

                        var projection = context.projection;

                        var action = function actionAddStructure(graph) {

                            var edgeNodes = [graph.entity(edge[0]), graph.entity(edge[1])];

                            var crossedWay = graph.hasEntity(crossedWayID);
                            // use the explicit width of the crossed feature as the structure length, if available
                            var structLengthMeters = crossedWay && crossedWay.tags.width && parseFloat(crossedWay.tags.width);
                            if (!structLengthMeters) {
                                // if no explicit width is set, approximate the width based on the tags
                                structLengthMeters = crossedWay && crossedWay.impliedLineWidthMeters();
                            }
                            if (structLengthMeters) {
                                if (getFeatureType(crossedWay, graph) === 'railway') {
                                    // bridges over railways are generally much longer than the rail bed itself, compensate
                                    structLengthMeters *= 2;
                                }
                            } else {
                                // should ideally never land here since all rail/water/road tags should have an implied width
                                structLengthMeters = 8;
                            }

                            var a1 = geoAngle(edgeNodes[0], edgeNodes[1], projection) + Math.PI;
                            var a2 = geoAngle(graph.entity(crossedEdge[0]), graph.entity(crossedEdge[1]), projection) + Math.PI;
                            var crossingAngle = Math.max(a1, a2) - Math.min(a1, a2);
                            if (crossingAngle > Math.PI) { crossingAngle -= Math.PI; }
                            // lengthen the structure to account for the angle of the crossing
                            structLengthMeters = ((structLengthMeters / 2) / Math.sin(crossingAngle)) * 2;

                            // add padding since the structure must extend past the edges of the crossed feature
                            structLengthMeters += 4;

                            // clamp the length to a reasonable range
                            structLengthMeters = Math.min(Math.max(structLengthMeters, 4), 50);

                            function geomToProj(geoPoint) {
                                return [
                                    geoLonToMeters(geoPoint[0], geoPoint[1]),
                                    geoLatToMeters(geoPoint[1])
                                ];
                            }
                            function projToGeom(projPoint) {
                                var lat = geoMetersToLat(projPoint[1]);
                                return [
                                    geoMetersToLon(projPoint[0], lat),
                                    lat
                                ];
                            }

                            var projEdgeNode1 = geomToProj(edgeNodes[0].loc);
                            var projEdgeNode2 = geomToProj(edgeNodes[1].loc);

                            var projectedAngle = geoVecAngle(projEdgeNode1, projEdgeNode2);

                            var projectedCrossingLoc = geomToProj(crossingLoc);
                            var linearToSphericalMetersRatio = geoVecLength(projEdgeNode1, projEdgeNode2) /
                                geoSphericalDistance(edgeNodes[0].loc, edgeNodes[1].loc);

                            function locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(angle, distanceMeters) {
                                var lengthSphericalMeters = distanceMeters * linearToSphericalMetersRatio;
                                return projToGeom([
                                    projectedCrossingLoc[0] + Math.cos(angle) * lengthSphericalMeters,
                                    projectedCrossingLoc[1] + Math.sin(angle) * lengthSphericalMeters
                                ]);
                            }

                            var endpointLocGetter1 = function(lengthMeters) {
                                return locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(projectedAngle, lengthMeters);
                            };
                            var endpointLocGetter2 = function(lengthMeters) {
                                return locSphericalDistanceFromCrossingLoc(projectedAngle + Math.PI, lengthMeters);
                            };

                            // avoid creating very short edges from splitting too close to another node
                            var minEdgeLengthMeters = 0.55;

                            // decide where to bound the structure along the way, splitting as necessary
                            function determineEndpoint(edge, endNode, locGetter) {
                                var newNode;

                                var idealLengthMeters = structLengthMeters / 2;

                                // distance between the crossing location and the end of the edge,
                                // the maximum length of this side of the structure
                                var crossingToEdgeEndDistance = geoSphericalDistance(crossingLoc, endNode.loc);

                                if (crossingToEdgeEndDistance - idealLengthMeters > minEdgeLengthMeters) {
                                    // the edge is long enough to insert a new node

                                    // the loc that would result in the full expected length
                                    var idealNodeLoc = locGetter(idealLengthMeters);

                                    newNode = osmNode();
                                    graph = actionAddMidpoint({ loc: idealNodeLoc, edge: edge }, newNode)(graph);

                                } else {
                                    var edgeCount = 0;
                                    endNode.parentIntersectionWays(graph).forEach(function(way) {
                                        way.nodes.forEach(function(nodeID) {
                                            if (nodeID === endNode.id) {
                                                if ((endNode.id === way.first() && endNode.id !== way.last()) ||
                                                    (endNode.id === way.last() && endNode.id !== way.first())) {
                                                    edgeCount += 1;
                                                } else {
                                                    edgeCount += 2;
                                                }
                                            }
                                        });
                                    });

                                    if (edgeCount >= 3) {
                                        // the end node is a junction, try to leave a segment
                                        // between it and the structure - #7202

                                        var insetLength = crossingToEdgeEndDistance - minEdgeLengthMeters;
                                        if (insetLength > minEdgeLengthMeters) {
                                            var insetNodeLoc = locGetter(insetLength);
                                            newNode = osmNode();
                                            graph = actionAddMidpoint({ loc: insetNodeLoc, edge: edge }, newNode)(graph);
                                        }
                                    }
                                }

                                // if the edge is too short to subdivide as desired, then
                                // just bound the structure at the existing end node
                                if (!newNode) { newNode = endNode; }

                                var splitAction = actionSplit(newNode.id)
                                    .limitWays(resultWayIDs); // only split selected or created ways

                                // do the split
                                graph = splitAction(graph);
                                if (splitAction.getCreatedWayIDs().length) {
                                    resultWayIDs.push(splitAction.getCreatedWayIDs()[0]);
                                }

                                return newNode;
                            }

                            var structEndNode1 = determineEndpoint(edge, edgeNodes[1], endpointLocGetter1);
                            var structEndNode2 = determineEndpoint([edgeNodes[0].id, structEndNode1.id], edgeNodes[0], endpointLocGetter2);

                            var structureWay = resultWayIDs.map(function(id) {
                                return graph.entity(id);
                            }).find(function(way) {
                                return way.nodes.indexOf(structEndNode1.id) !== -1 &&
                                    way.nodes.indexOf(structEndNode2.id) !== -1;
                            });

                            var tags = Object.assign({}, structureWay.tags); // copy tags
                            if (bridgeOrTunnel === 'bridge'){
                                tags.bridge = 'yes';
                                tags.layer = '1';
                            } else {
                                var tunnelValue = 'yes';
                                if (getFeatureType(structureWay, graph) === 'waterway') {
                                    // use `tunnel=culvert` for waterways by default
                                    tunnelValue = 'culvert';
                                }
                                tags.tunnel = tunnelValue;
                                tags.layer = '-1';
                            }
                            // apply the structure tags to the way
                            graph = actionChangeTags(structureWay.id, tags)(graph);
                            return graph;
                        };

                        context.perform(action, _t('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.annotation'));
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, resultWayIDs));
                    }
                });
            }

            function makeConnectWaysFix(connectionTags) {

                var fixTitleID = 'connect_features';
                if (connectionTags.ford) {
                    fixTitleID = 'connect_using_ford';
                }

                return new validationIssueFix({
                    icon: 'iD-icon-crossing',
                    title: _t('issues.fix.' + fixTitleID + '.title'),
                    onClick: function(context) {
                        var loc = this.issue.loc;
                        var connectionTags = this.issue.data.connectionTags;
                        var edges = this.issue.data.edges;

                        context.perform(
                            function actionConnectCrossingWays(graph) {
                                // create the new node for the points
                                var node = osmNode({ loc: loc, tags: connectionTags });
                                graph = graph.replace(node);

                                var nodesToMerge = [node.id];
                                var mergeThresholdInMeters = 0.75;

                                edges.forEach(function(edge) {
                                    var edgeNodes = [graph.entity(edge[0]), graph.entity(edge[1])];
                                    var closestNodeInfo = geoSphericalClosestNode(edgeNodes, loc);
                                    // if there is already a point nearby, use that
                                    if (closestNodeInfo.distance < mergeThresholdInMeters) {
                                        nodesToMerge.push(closestNodeInfo.node.id);
                                    // else add the new node to the way
                                    } else {
                                        graph = actionAddMidpoint({loc: loc, edge: edge}, node)(graph);
                                    }
                                });

                                if (nodesToMerge.length > 1) {
                                    // if we're using nearby nodes, merge them with the new node
                                    graph = actionMergeNodes(nodesToMerge, loc)(graph);
                                }

                                return graph;
                            },
                            _t('issues.fix.connect_crossing_features.annotation')
                        );
                    }
                });
            }

            function makeChangeLayerFix(higherOrLower) {
                return new validationIssueFix({
                    icon: 'iD-icon-' + (higherOrLower === 'higher' ? 'up' : 'down'),
                    title: _t('issues.fix.tag_this_as_' + higherOrLower + '.title'),
                    onClick: function(context) {

                        var mode = context.mode();
                        if (!mode || mode.id !== 'select') { return; }

                        var selectedIDs = mode.selectedIDs();
                        if (selectedIDs.length !== 1) { return; }

                        var selectedID = selectedIDs[0];
                        if (!this.issue.entityIds.some(function(entityId) {
                            return entityId === selectedID;
                        })) { return; }

                        var entity = context.hasEntity(selectedID);
                        if (!entity) { return; }

                        var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);   // shallow copy
                        var layer = tags.layer && Number(tags.layer);
                        if (layer && !isNaN(layer)) {
                            if (higherOrLower === 'higher') {
                                layer += 1;
                            } else {
                                layer -= 1;
                            }
                        } else {
                            if (higherOrLower === 'higher') {
                                layer = 1;
                            } else {
                                layer = -1;
                            }
                        }
                        tags.layer = layer.toString();
                        context.perform(
                            actionChangeTags(entity.id, tags),
                            _t('operations.change_tags.annotation')
                        );
                    }
                });
            }

            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        function validationDisconnectedWay() {
            var type = 'disconnected_way';

            function isTaggedAsHighway(entity) {
                return osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[entity.tags.highway];
            }

            var validation = function checkDisconnectedWay(entity, graph) {

                var routingIslandWays = routingIslandForEntity(entity);
                if (!routingIslandWays) { return []; }

                return [new validationIssue({
                    type: type,
                    subtype: 'highway',
                    severity: 'warning',
                    message: function(context) {
                        if (this.entityIds.length === 1) {
                            var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                            return entity ? _t('issues.disconnected_way.highway.message', { highway: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()) }) : '';
                        }
                        return _t('issues.disconnected_way.routable.message.multiple', { count: this.entityIds.length.toString() });
                    },
                    reference: showReference,
                    entityIds: Array.from(routingIslandWays).map(function(way) { return way.id; }),
                    dynamicFixes: makeFixes
                })];


                function makeFixes(context) {

                    var fixes = [];

                    var singleEntity = this.entityIds.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);

                    if (singleEntity) {

                        if (singleEntity.type === 'way' && !singleEntity.isClosed()) {

                            var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();

                            var startFix = makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, singleEntity.first(), 'start');
                            if (startFix) { fixes.push(startFix); }

                            var endFix = makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, singleEntity.last(), 'end');
                            if (endFix) { fixes.push(endFix); }
                        }
                        if (!fixes.length) {
                            fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                                title: _t('issues.fix.connect_feature.title')
                            }));
                        }

                        fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                            icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
                            title: _t('issues.fix.delete_feature.title'),
                            entityIds: [singleEntity.id],
                            onClick: function(context) {
                                var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                                var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
                                if (!operation.disabled()) {
                                    operation();
                                }
                            }
                        }));
                    } else {
                        fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                            title: _t('issues.fix.connect_features.title')
                        }));
                    }

                    return fixes;
                }


                function showReference(selection) {
                    selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(_t('issues.disconnected_way.routable.reference'));
                }

                function routingIslandForEntity(entity) {

                    var routingIsland = new Set();  // the interconnected routable features
                    var waysToCheck = [];           // the queue of remaining routable ways to traverse

                    function queueParentWays(node) {
                        graph.parentWays(node).forEach(function(parentWay) {
                            if (!routingIsland.has(parentWay) &&    // only check each feature once
                                isRoutableWay(parentWay, false)) {  // only check routable features
                                routingIsland.add(parentWay);
                                waysToCheck.push(parentWay);
                            }
                        });
                    }

                    if (entity.type === 'way' && isRoutableWay(entity, true)) {

                        routingIsland.add(entity);
                        waysToCheck.push(entity);

                    } else if (entity.type === 'node' && isRoutableNode(entity)) {

                        routingIsland.add(entity);
                        queueParentWays(entity);

                    } else {
                        // this feature isn't routable, cannot be a routing island
                        return null;
                    }

                    while (waysToCheck.length) {
                        var wayToCheck = waysToCheck.pop();
                        var childNodes = graph.childNodes(wayToCheck);
                        for (var i in childNodes) {
                            var vertex = childNodes[i];

                            if (isConnectedVertex(vertex)) {
                                // found a link to the wider network, not a routing island
                                return null;
                            }

                            if (isRoutableNode(vertex)) {
                                routingIsland.add(vertex);
                            }

                            queueParentWays(vertex);
                        }
                    }

                    // no network link found, this is a routing island, return its members
                    return routingIsland;
                }

                function isConnectedVertex(vertex) {
                    // assume ways overlapping unloaded tiles are connected to the wider road network  - #5938
                    var osm = services.osm;
                    if (osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(vertex.loc)) { return true; }

                    // entrances are considered connected
                    if (vertex.tags.entrance &&
                        vertex.tags.entrance !== 'no') { return true; }
                    if (vertex.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance') { return true; }

                    return false;
                }

                function isRoutableNode(node) {
                    // treat elevators as distinct features in the highway network
                    if (node.tags.highway === 'elevator') { return true; }
                    return false;
                }

                function isRoutableWay(way, ignoreInnerWays) {
                    if (isTaggedAsHighway(way) || way.tags.route === 'ferry') { return true; }

                    return graph.parentRelations(way).some(function(parentRelation) {
                        if (parentRelation.tags.type === 'route' &&
                            parentRelation.tags.route === 'ferry') { return true; }

                        if (parentRelation.isMultipolygon() &&
                            isTaggedAsHighway(parentRelation) &&
                            (!ignoreInnerWays || parentRelation.memberById(way.id).role !== 'inner')) { return true; }
                    });
                }

                function makeContinueDrawingFixIfAllowed(textDirection, vertexID, whichEnd) {
                    var vertex = graph.hasEntity(vertexID);
                    if (!vertex || vertex.tags.noexit === 'yes') { return null; }

                    var useLeftContinue = (whichEnd === 'start' && textDirection === 'ltr') ||
                        (whichEnd === 'end' && textDirection === 'rtl');

                    return new validationIssueFix({
                        icon: 'iD-operation-continue' + (useLeftContinue ? '-left' : ''),
                        title: _t('issues.fix.continue_from_' + whichEnd + '.title'),
                        entityIds: [vertexID],
                        onClick: function(context) {
                            var wayId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                            var way = context.hasEntity(wayId);
                            var vertexId = this.entityIds[0];
                            var vertex = context.hasEntity(vertexId);

                            if (!way || !vertex) { return; }

                            // make sure the vertex is actually visible and editable
                            var map = context.map();
                            if (!context.editable() || !map.trimmedExtent().contains(vertex.loc)) {
                                map.zoomToEase(vertex);
                            }

                            context.enter(
                                modeDrawLine(context, wayId, context.graph(), 'line', way.affix(vertexId), true)
                            );
                        }
                    });
                }

            };

            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        function validationFormatting() {
            var type = 'invalid_format';

            var validation = function(entity) {
                var issues = [];

                function isValidEmail(email) {
                    // Emails in OSM are going to be official so they should be pretty simple
                    // Using negated lists to better support all possible unicode characters (#6494)
                    var valid_email = /^[^\(\)\\,":;<>@\[\]]+@[^\(\)\\,":;<>@\[\]\.]+(?:\.[a-z0-9-]+)*$/i;

                    // An empty value is also acceptable
                    return (!email || valid_email.test(email));
                }
                /*
                function isSchemePresent(url) {
                    var valid_scheme = /^https?:\/\//i;
                    return (!url || valid_scheme.test(url));
                }
                */
                function showReferenceEmail(selection) {
                    selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(_t('issues.invalid_format.email.reference'));
                }
                /*
                function showReferenceWebsite(selection) {
                    selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(t('issues.invalid_format.website.reference'));
                }

                if (entity.tags.website) {
                    // Multiple websites are possible
                    // If ever we support ES6, arrow functions make this nicer
                    var websites = entity.tags.website
                        .split(';')
                        .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
                        .filter(function(x) { return !isSchemePresent(x); });

                    if (websites.length) {
                        issues.push(new validationIssue({
                            type: type,
                            subtype: 'website',
                            severity: 'warning',
                            message: function(context) {
                                var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                                return entity ? t('issues.invalid_format.website.message' + this.data,
                                    { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()), site: websites.join(', ') }) : '';
                            },
                            reference: showReferenceWebsite,
                            entityIds: [entity.id],
                            hash: websites.join(),
                            data: (websites.length > 1) ? '_multi' : ''
                        }));
                    }
                }
                */
                if (entity.tags.email) {
                    // Multiple emails are possible
                    var emails = entity.tags.email
                        .split(';')
                        .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
                        .filter(function(x) { return !isValidEmail(x); });

                    if (emails.length) {
                        issues.push(new validationIssue({
                            type: type,
                            subtype: 'email',
                            severity: 'warning',
                            message: function(context) {
                                var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                                return entity ? _t('issues.invalid_format.email.message' + this.data,
                                    { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()), email: emails.join(', ') }) : '';
                            },
                            reference: showReferenceEmail,
                            entityIds: [entity.id],
                            hash: emails.join(),
                            data: (emails.length > 1) ? '_multi' : ''
                        }));
                    }
                }

                return issues;
            };

            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        function validationHelpRequest(context) {
            var type = 'help_request';

            var validation = function checkFixmeTag(entity) {

                if (!entity.tags.fixme) { return []; }

                // don't flag fixmes on features added by the user
                if (entity.version === undefined) { return []; }

                if (entity.v !== undefined) {
                    var baseEntity = context.history().base().hasEntity(entity.id);
                    // don't flag fixmes added by the user on existing features
                    if (!baseEntity || !baseEntity.tags.fixme) { return []; }
                }

                return [new validationIssue({
                    type: type,
                    subtype: 'fixme_tag',
                    severity: 'warning',
                    message: function(context) {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                        return entity ? _t('issues.fixme_tag.message', { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()) }) : '';
                    },
                    dynamicFixes: function() {
                        return [
                            new validationIssueFix({
                                title: _t('issues.fix.address_the_concern.title')
                            })
                        ];
                    },
                    reference: showReference,
                    entityIds: [entity.id]
                })];

                function showReference(selection) {
                    selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(_t('issues.fixme_tag.reference'));
                }
            };

            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        function validationImpossibleOneway() {
            var type = 'impossible_oneway';

            var validation = function checkImpossibleOneway(entity, graph) {

                if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'line') { return []; }

                if (entity.isClosed()) { return []; }

                if (!typeForWay(entity)) { return []; }

                if (!isOneway(entity)) { return []; }

                var firstIssues = issuesForNode(entity, entity.first());
                var lastIssues = issuesForNode(entity, entity.last());

                return firstIssues.concat(lastIssues);

                function typeForWay(way) {
                    if (way.geometry(graph) !== 'line') { return null; }

                    if (osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[way.tags.highway]) { return 'highway'; }
                    if (osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues[way.tags.waterway]) { return 'waterway'; }
                    return null;
                }

                function isOneway(way) {
                    if (way.tags.oneway === 'yes') { return true; }
                    if (way.tags.oneway) { return false; }

                    for (var key in way.tags) {
                        if (osmOneWayTags[key] && osmOneWayTags[key][way.tags[key]]) {
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }

                function nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(way, nodeID) {
                    var occurences = 0;
                    for (var index in way.nodes) {
                        if (way.nodes[index] === nodeID) {
                            occurences += 1;
                            if (occurences > 1) { return true; }
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }

                function isConnectedViaOtherTypes(way, node) {

                    var wayType = typeForWay(way);

                    if (wayType === 'highway') {
                        // entrances are considered connected
                        if (node.tags.entrance && node.tags.entrance !== 'no') { return true; }
                        if (node.tags.amenity === 'parking_entrance') { return true; }
                    } else if (wayType === 'waterway') {
                        if (node.id === way.first()) {
                            // multiple waterways may start at the same spring
                            if (node.tags.natural === 'spring') { return true; }
                        } else {
                            // multiple waterways may end at the same drain
                            if (node.tags.manhole === 'drain') { return true; }
                        }
                    }

                    return graph.parentWays(node).some(function(parentWay) {
                        if (parentWay.id === way.id) { return false; }

                        if (wayType === 'highway') {

                            // allow connections to highway areas
                            if (parentWay.geometry(graph) === 'area' &&
                                osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[parentWay.tags.highway]) { return true; }

                            // count connections to ferry routes as connected
                            if (parentWay.tags.route === 'ferry') { return true; }

                            return graph.parentRelations(parentWay).some(function(parentRelation) {
                                if (parentRelation.tags.type === 'route' &&
                                    parentRelation.tags.route === 'ferry') { return true; }

                                // allow connections to highway multipolygons
                                return parentRelation.isMultipolygon() && osmRoutableHighwayTagValues[parentRelation.tags.highway];
                            });
                        } else if (wayType === 'waterway') {
                            // multiple waterways may start or end at a water body at the same node
                            if (parentWay.tags.natural === 'water' ||
                                parentWay.tags.natural === 'coastline') { return true; }
                        }
                        return false;
                    });
                }

                function issuesForNode(way, nodeID) {

                    var isFirst = nodeID === way.first();

                    var wayType = typeForWay(way);

                    // ignore if this way is self-connected at this node
                    if (nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(way, nodeID)) { return []; }

                    var osm = services.osm;
                    if (!osm) { return []; }

                    var node = graph.hasEntity(nodeID);

                    // ignore if this node or its tile are unloaded
                    if (!node || !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc)) { return []; }

                    if (isConnectedViaOtherTypes(way, node)) { return []; }

                    var attachedWaysOfSameType = graph.parentWays(node).filter(function(parentWay) {
                        if (parentWay.id === way.id) { return false; }
                        return typeForWay(parentWay) === wayType;
                    });

                    // assume it's okay for waterways to start or end disconnected for now
                    if (wayType === 'waterway' && attachedWaysOfSameType.length === 0) { return []; }

                    var attachedOneways = attachedWaysOfSameType.filter(function(attachedWay) {
                        return isOneway(attachedWay);
                    });

                    // ignore if the way is connected to some non-oneway features
                    if (attachedOneways.length < attachedWaysOfSameType.length) { return []; }

                    if (attachedOneways.length) {
                        var connectedEndpointsOkay = attachedOneways.some(function(attachedOneway) {
                            if ((isFirst ? attachedOneway.first() : attachedOneway.last()) !== nodeID) { return true; }
                            if (nodeOccursMoreThanOnce(attachedOneway, nodeID)) { return true; }
                            return false;
                        });
                        if (connectedEndpointsOkay) { return []; }
                    }

                    var placement = isFirst ? 'start' : 'end',
                        messageID = wayType + '.',
                        referenceID = wayType + '.';

                    if (wayType === 'waterway') {
                        messageID += 'connected.' + placement;
                        referenceID += 'connected';
                    } else {
                        messageID += placement;
                        referenceID += placement;
                    }

                    return [new validationIssue({
                        type: type,
                        subtype: wayType,
                        severity: 'warning',
                        message: function(context) {
                            var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                            return entity ? _t('issues.impossible_oneway.' + messageID + '.message', {
                                feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
                            }) : '';
                        },
                        reference: getReference(referenceID),
                        entityIds: [way.id, node.id],
                        dynamicFixes: function() {

                            var fixes = [];

                            if (attachedOneways.length) {
                                fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                                    icon: 'iD-operation-reverse',
                                    title: _t('issues.fix.reverse_feature.title'),
                                    entityIds: [way.id],
                                    onClick: function(context) {
                                        var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                                        context.perform(actionReverse(id), _t('operations.reverse.annotation'));
                                    }
                                }));
                            }
                            if (node.tags.noexit !== 'yes') {
                                var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();
                                var useLeftContinue = (isFirst && textDirection === 'ltr') ||
                                    (!isFirst && textDirection === 'rtl');
                                fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                                    icon: 'iD-operation-continue' + (useLeftContinue ? '-left' : ''),
                                    title: _t('issues.fix.continue_from_' + (isFirst ? 'start' : 'end') + '.title'),
                                    onClick: function(context) {
                                        var entityID = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                                        var vertexID = this.issue.entityIds[1];
                                        var way = context.entity(entityID);
                                        var vertex = context.entity(vertexID);
                                        continueDrawing(way, vertex, context);
                                    }
                                }));
                            }

                            return fixes;
                        },
                        loc: node.loc
                    })];

                    function getReference(referenceID) {
                        return function showReference(selection) {
                            selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                                .data([0])
                                .enter()
                                .append('div')
                                .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                                .text(_t('issues.impossible_oneway.' + referenceID + '.reference'));
                        };
                    }
                }
            };

            function continueDrawing(way, vertex, context) {
                // make sure the vertex is actually visible and editable
                var map = context.map();
                if (!context.editable() || !map.trimmedExtent().contains(vertex.loc)) {
                    map.zoomToEase(vertex);
                }

                context.enter(
                    modeDrawLine(context, way.id, context.graph(), 'line', way.affix(vertex.id), true)
                );
            }

            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        function validationIncompatibleSource() {
            var type = 'incompatible_source';
            var invalidSources = [
                {
                    id:'google', regex:'google', exceptRegex: 'books.google|Google Books|drive.google|googledrive|Google Drive'
                }
            ];

            var validation = function checkIncompatibleSource(entity) {

                var entitySources = entity.tags && entity.tags.source && entity.tags.source.split(';');

                if (!entitySources) { return []; }

                var issues = [];

                invalidSources.forEach(function(invalidSource) {

                    var hasInvalidSource = entitySources.some(function(source) {
                        if (!source.match(new RegExp(invalidSource.regex, 'i'))) { return false; }
                        if (invalidSource.exceptRegex && source.match(new RegExp(invalidSource.exceptRegex, 'i'))) { return false; }
                        return true;
                    });

                    if (!hasInvalidSource) { return; }

                    issues.push(new validationIssue({
                        type: type,
                        severity: 'warning',
                        message: function(context) {
                            var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                            return entity ? _t('issues.incompatible_source.' + invalidSource.id + '.feature.message', {
                                feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
                            }) : '';
                        },
                        reference: getReference(invalidSource.id),
                        entityIds: [entity.id],
                        dynamicFixes: function() {
                            return [
                                new validationIssueFix({
                                    title: _t('issues.fix.remove_proprietary_data.title')
                                })
                            ];
                        }
                    }));
                });

                return issues;


                function getReference(id) {
                    return function showReference(selection) {
                        selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                            .data([0])
                            .enter()
                            .append('div')
                            .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                            .text(_t('issues.incompatible_source.' + id + '.reference'));
                    };
                }
            };

            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        function validationMaprules() {
            var type = 'maprules';

            var validation = function checkMaprules(entity, graph) {
                if (!services.maprules) { return []; }

                var rules = services.maprules.validationRules();
                var issues = [];

                for (var i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
                    var rule = rules[i];
                    rule.findIssues(entity, graph, issues);
                }

                return issues;
            };


            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        function validationMismatchedGeometry() {
            var type = 'mismatched_geometry';

            function tagSuggestingLineIsArea(entity) {
                if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.isClosed()) { return null; }

                var tagSuggestingArea = entity.tagSuggestingArea();
                if (!tagSuggestingArea) {
                    return null;
                }

                var asLine = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tagSuggestingArea, 'line');
                var asArea = _mainPresetIndex.matchTags(tagSuggestingArea, 'area');
                if (asLine && asArea && (asLine === asArea)) {
                    // these tags also allow lines and making this an area wouldn't matter
                    return null;
                }

                return tagSuggestingArea;
            }


            function makeConnectEndpointsFixOnClick(way, graph) {
                // must have at least three nodes to close this automatically
                if (way.nodes.length < 3) { return null; }

                var nodes = graph.childNodes(way), testNodes;
                var firstToLastDistanceMeters = geoSphericalDistance(nodes[0].loc, nodes[nodes.length-1].loc);

                // if the distance is very small, attempt to merge the endpoints
                if (firstToLastDistanceMeters < 0.75) {
                    testNodes = nodes.slice();   // shallow copy
                    testNodes.pop();
                    testNodes.push(testNodes[0]);
                    // make sure this will not create a self-intersection
                    if (!geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, testNodes[0].id)) {
                        return function(context) {
                            var way = context.entity(this.issue.entityIds[0]);
                            context.perform(
                                actionMergeNodes([way.nodes[0], way.nodes[way.nodes.length-1]], nodes[0].loc),
                                _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.annotation')
                            );
                        };
                    }
                }

                // if the points were not merged, attempt to close the way
                testNodes = nodes.slice();   // shallow copy
                testNodes.push(testNodes[0]);
                // make sure this will not create a self-intersection
                if (!geoHasSelfIntersections(testNodes, testNodes[0].id)) {
                    return function(context) {
                        var wayId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                        var way = context.entity(wayId);
                        var nodeId = way.nodes[0];
                        var index = way.nodes.length;
                        context.perform(
                            actionAddVertex(wayId, nodeId, index),
                            _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.annotation')
                        );
                    };
                }
            }

            function lineTaggedAsAreaIssue(entity) {

                var tagSuggestingArea = tagSuggestingLineIsArea(entity);
                if (!tagSuggestingArea) { return null; }

                return new validationIssue({
                    type: type,
                    subtype: 'area_as_line',
                    severity: 'warning',
                    message: function(context) {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                        return entity ? _t('issues.tag_suggests_area.message', {
                            feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()),
                            tag: utilTagText({ tags: tagSuggestingArea })
                        }) : '';
                    },
                    reference: showReference,
                    entityIds: [entity.id],
                    hash: JSON.stringify(tagSuggestingArea),
                    dynamicFixes: function(context) {

                        var fixes = [];

                        var entity = context.entity(this.entityIds[0]);
                        var connectEndsOnClick = makeConnectEndpointsFixOnClick(entity, context.graph());

                        fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                            title: _t('issues.fix.connect_endpoints.title'),
                            onClick: connectEndsOnClick
                        }));

                        fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                            icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
                            title: _t('issues.fix.remove_tag.title'),
                            onClick: function(context) {
                                var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                                var entity = context.entity(entityId);
                                var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
                                for (var key in tagSuggestingArea) {
                                    delete tags[key];
                                }
                                context.perform(
                                    actionChangeTags(entityId, tags),
                                    _t('issues.fix.remove_tag.annotation')
                                );
                            }
                        }));

                        return fixes;
                    }
                });


                function showReference(selection) {
                    selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(_t('issues.tag_suggests_area.reference'));
                }
            }

            function vertexTaggedAsPointIssue(entity, graph) {
                // we only care about nodes
                if (entity.type !== 'node') { return null; }

                // ignore tagless points
                if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) { return null; }

                // address lines are special so just ignore them
                if (entity.isOnAddressLine(graph)) { return null; }

                var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
                var allowedGeometries = osmNodeGeometriesForTags(entity.tags);

                if (geometry === 'point' && !allowedGeometries.point && allowedGeometries.vertex) {

                    return new validationIssue({
                        type: type,
                        subtype: 'vertex_as_point',
                        severity: 'warning',
                        message: function(context) {
                            var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                            return entity ? _t('issues.vertex_as_point.message', {
                                feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
                            }) : '';
                        },
                        reference: function showReference(selection) {
                            selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                                .data([0])
                                .enter()
                                .append('div')
                                .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                                .text(_t('issues.vertex_as_point.reference'));
                        },
                        entityIds: [entity.id]
                    });

                } else if (geometry === 'vertex' && !allowedGeometries.vertex && allowedGeometries.point) {

                    return new validationIssue({
                        type: type,
                        subtype: 'point_as_vertex',
                        severity: 'warning',
                        message: function(context) {
                            var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                            return entity ? _t('issues.point_as_vertex.message', {
                                feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
                            }) : '';
                        },
                        reference: function showReference(selection) {
                            selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                                .data([0])
                                .enter()
                                .append('div')
                                .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                                .text(_t('issues.point_as_vertex.reference'));
                        },
                        entityIds: [entity.id],
                        dynamicFixes: function(context) {

                            var entityId = this.entityIds[0];

                            var extractOnClick = null;
                            if (!context.hasHiddenConnections(entityId)) {

                                extractOnClick = function(context) {
                                    var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                                    var action = actionExtract(entityId);
                                    context.perform(
                                        action,
                                        _t('operations.extract.annotation.single')
                                    );
                                    // re-enter mode to trigger updates
                                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, [action.getExtractedNodeID()]));
                                };
                            }

                            return [
                                new validationIssueFix({
                                    icon: 'iD-operation-extract',
                                    title: _t('issues.fix.extract_point.title'),
                                    onClick: extractOnClick
                                })
                            ];
                        }
                    });
                }

                return null;
            }

            function unclosedMultipolygonPartIssues(entity, graph) {

                if (entity.type !== 'relation' ||
                    !entity.isMultipolygon() ||
                    entity.isDegenerate() ||
                    // cannot determine issues for incompletely-downloaded relations
                    !entity.isComplete(graph)) { return null; }

                var sequences = osmJoinWays(entity.members, graph);

                var issues = [];

                for (var i in sequences) {
                    var sequence = sequences[i];

                    if (!sequence.nodes) { continue; }

                    var firstNode = sequence.nodes[0];
                    var lastNode = sequence.nodes[sequence.nodes.length - 1];

                    // part is closed if the first and last nodes are the same
                    if (firstNode === lastNode) { continue; }

                    var issue = new validationIssue({
                        type: type,
                        subtype: 'unclosed_multipolygon_part',
                        severity: 'warning',
                        message: function(context) {
                            var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                            return entity ? _t('issues.unclosed_multipolygon_part.message', {
                                feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
                            }) : '';
                        },
                        reference: showReference,
                        loc: sequence.nodes[0].loc,
                        entityIds: [entity.id],
                        hash: sequence.map(function(way) {
                            return way.id;
                        }).join()
                    });
                    issues.push(issue);
                }

                return issues;

                function showReference(selection) {
                    selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(_t('issues.unclosed_multipolygon_part.reference'));
                }
            }

            var validation = function checkMismatchedGeometry(entity, graph) {
                var issues = [
                    vertexTaggedAsPointIssue(entity, graph),
                    lineTaggedAsAreaIssue(entity)
                ];
                issues = issues.concat(unclosedMultipolygonPartIssues(entity, graph));
                return issues.filter(Boolean);
            };

            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        function validationMissingRole() {
            var type = 'missing_role';

            var validation = function checkMissingRole(entity, graph) {
                var issues = [];
                if (entity.type === 'way') {
                    graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function(relation) {
                        if (!relation.isMultipolygon()) { return; }

                        var member = relation.memberById(entity.id);
                        if (member && isMissingRole(member)) {
                            issues.push(makeIssue(entity, relation, member));
                        }
                    });
                } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
                    entity.indexedMembers().forEach(function(member) {
                        var way = graph.hasEntity(member.id);
                        if (way && isMissingRole(member)) {
                            issues.push(makeIssue(way, entity, member));
                        }
                    });
                }

                return issues;
            };


            function isMissingRole(member) {
                return !member.role || !member.role.trim().length;
            }


            function makeIssue(way, relation, member) {
                return new validationIssue({
                    type: type,
                    severity: 'warning',
                    message: function(context) {
                        var member = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[1]),
                            relation = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                        return (member && relation) ? _t('issues.missing_role.message', {
                            member: utilDisplayLabel(member, context.graph()),
                            relation: utilDisplayLabel(relation, context.graph())
                        }) : '';
                    },
                    reference: showReference,
                    entityIds: [relation.id, way.id],
                    data: {
                        member: member
                    },
                    hash: member.index.toString(),
                    dynamicFixes: function() {
                        return [
                            makeAddRoleFix('inner'),
                            makeAddRoleFix('outer'),
                            new validationIssueFix({
                                icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
                                title: _t('issues.fix.remove_from_relation.title'),
                                onClick: function(context) {
                                    context.perform(
                                        actionDeleteMember(this.issue.entityIds[0], this.issue.data.member.index),
                                        _t('operations.delete_member.annotation')
                                    );
                                }
                            })
                        ];
                    }
                });


                function showReference(selection) {
                    selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(_t('issues.missing_role.multipolygon.reference'));
                }
            }


            function makeAddRoleFix(role) {
                return new validationIssueFix({
                    title: _t('issues.fix.set_as_' + role + '.title'),
                    onClick: function(context) {
                        var oldMember = this.issue.data.member;
                        var member = { id: this.issue.entityIds[1], type: oldMember.type, role: role };
                        context.perform(
                            actionChangeMember(this.issue.entityIds[0], member, oldMember.index),
                            _t('operations.change_role.annotation')
                        );
                    }
                });
            }

            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        function validationMissingTag(context) {
            var type = 'missing_tag';

            function hasDescriptiveTags(entity, graph) {
                var keys = Object.keys(entity.tags)
                    .filter(function(k) {
                        if (k === 'area' || k === 'name') {
                            return false;
                        } else {
                            return osmIsInterestingTag(k);
                        }
                    });

                if (entity.type === 'relation' &&
                    keys.length === 1 &&
                    entity.tags.type === 'multipolygon') {
                    // this relation's only interesting tag just says its a multipolygon,
                    // which is not descriptive enough

                    // It's okay for a simple multipolygon to have no descriptive tags
                    // if its outer way has them (old model, see `outdated_tags.js`)
                    return osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph);
                }

                return keys.length > 0;
            }

            function isUnknownRoad(entity) {
                return entity.type === 'way' && entity.tags.highway === 'road';
            }

            function isUntypedRelation(entity) {
                return entity.type === 'relation' && !entity.tags.type;
            }

            var validation = function checkMissingTag(entity, graph) {

                var subtype;

                var osm = context.connection();
                var isUnloadedNode = entity.type === 'node' && osm && !osm.isDataLoaded(entity.loc);

                // we can't know if the node is a vertex if the tile is undownloaded
                if (!isUnloadedNode &&
                    // allow untagged nodes that are part of ways
                    entity.geometry(graph) !== 'vertex' &&
                    // allow untagged entities that are part of relations
                    !entity.hasParentRelations(graph)) {

                    if (Object.keys(entity.tags).length === 0) {
                        subtype = 'any';
                    } else if (!hasDescriptiveTags(entity, graph)) {
                        subtype = 'descriptive';
                    } else if (isUntypedRelation(entity)) {
                        subtype = 'relation_type';
                    }
                }

                // flag an unknown road even if it's a member of a relation
                if (!subtype && isUnknownRoad(entity)) {
                    subtype = 'highway_classification';
                }

                if (!subtype) { return []; }

                var messageID = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'unknown_road' : 'missing_tag.' + subtype;
                var referenceID = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'unknown_road' : 'missing_tag';

                // can always delete if the user created it in the first place..
                var canDelete = (entity.version === undefined || entity.v !== undefined);
                var severity = (canDelete && subtype !== 'highway_classification') ? 'error' : 'warning';

                return [new validationIssue({
                    type: type,
                    subtype: subtype,
                    severity: severity,
                    message: function(context) {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                        return entity ? _t('issues.' + messageID + '.message', {
                            feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph())
                        }) : '';
                    },
                    reference: showReference,
                    entityIds: [entity.id],
                    dynamicFixes: function(context) {

                        var fixes = [];

                        var selectFixType = subtype === 'highway_classification' ? 'select_road_type' : 'select_preset';

                        fixes.push(new validationIssueFix({
                            icon: 'iD-icon-search',
                            title: _t('issues.fix.' + selectFixType + '.title'),
                            onClick: function(context) {
                                context.ui().sidebar.showPresetList();
                            }
                        }));

                        var deleteOnClick;

                        var id = this.entityIds[0];
                        var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
                        var disabledReasonID = operation.disabled();
                        if (!disabledReasonID) {
                            deleteOnClick = function(context) {
                                var id = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                                var operation = operationDelete(context, [id]);
                                if (!operation.disabled()) {
                                    operation();
                                }
                            };
                        }

                        fixes.push(
                            new validationIssueFix({
                                icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
                                title: _t('issues.fix.delete_feature.title'),
                                disabledReason: disabledReasonID ? _t('operations.delete.' + disabledReasonID + '.single') : undefined,
                                onClick: deleteOnClick
                            })
                        );

                        return fixes;
                    }
                })];

                function showReference(selection) {
                    selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(_t('issues.' + referenceID + '.reference'));
                }
            };

            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        // remove spaces, punctuation, diacritics
        var simplify = function (str) {
          return diacritics.remove(
            str
              .replace(/&/g, 'and')
              .replace(/[\s\-=_!"#%'*{},.\/:;?\(\)\[\]@\\$\^*+<>~`’\u00a1\u00a7\u00b6\u00b7\u00bf\u037e\u0387\u055a-\u055f\u0589\u05c0\u05c3\u05c6\u05f3\u05f4\u0609\u060a\u060c\u060d\u061b\u061e\u061f\u066a-\u066d\u06d4\u0700-\u070d\u07f7-\u07f9\u0830-\u083e\u085e\u0964\u0965\u0970\u0af0\u0df4\u0e4f\u0e5a\u0e5b\u0f04-\u0f12\u0f14\u0f85\u0fd0-\u0fd4\u0fd9\u0fda\u104a-\u104f\u10fb\u1360-\u1368\u166d\u166e\u16eb-\u16ed\u1735\u1736\u17d4-\u17d6\u17d8-\u17da\u1800-\u1805\u1807-\u180a\u1944\u1945\u1a1e\u1a1f\u1aa0-\u1aa6\u1aa8-\u1aad\u1b5a-\u1b60\u1bfc-\u1bff\u1c3b-\u1c3f\u1c7e\u1c7f\u1cc0-\u1cc7\u1cd3\u2016\u2017\u2020-\u2027\u2030-\u2038\u203b-\u203e\u2041-\u2043\u2047-\u2051\u2053\u2055-\u205e\u2cf9-\u2cfc\u2cfe\u2cff\u2d70\u2e00\u2e01\u2e06-\u2e08\u2e0b\u2e0e-\u2e16\u2e18\u2e19\u2e1b\u2e1e\u2e1f\u2e2a-\u2e2e\u2e30-\u2e39\u3001-\u3003\u303d\u30fb\ua4fe\ua4ff\ua60d-\ua60f\ua673\ua67e\ua6f2-\ua6f7\ua874-\ua877\ua8ce\ua8cf\ua8f8-\ua8fa\ua92e\ua92f\ua95f\ua9c1-\ua9cd\ua9de\ua9df\uaa5c-\uaa5f\uaade\uaadf\uaaf0\uaaf1\uabeb\ufe10-\ufe16\ufe19\ufe30\ufe45\ufe46\ufe49-\ufe4c\ufe50-\ufe52\ufe54-\ufe57\ufe5f-\ufe61\ufe68\ufe6a\ufe6b\uff01-\uff03\uff05-\uff07\uff0a\uff0c\uff0e\uff0f\uff1a\uff1b\uff1f\uff20\uff3c\uff61\uff64\uff65]+/g,'')
              .toLowerCase()
          );
        };

        // toParts - split a name-suggestion-index key into parts
        // {
        //   kvnd:        "amenity/fast_food|Thaï Express~(North America)",
        //   kvn:         "amenity/fast_food|Thaï Express",
        //   kv:          "amenity/fast_food",
        //   k:           "amenity",
        //   v:           "fast_food",
        //   n:           "Thaï Express",
        //   d:           "(North America)",
        //   nsimple:     "thaiexpress",
        //   kvnnsimple:  "amenity/fast_food|thaiexpress"
        // }
        var to_parts = function (kvnd) {
          var parts = {};
          parts.kvnd = kvnd;

          var kvndparts = kvnd.split('~', 2);
          if (kvndparts.length > 1) { parts.d = kvndparts[1]; }

          parts.kvn = kvndparts[0];
          var kvnparts = parts.kvn.split('|', 2);
          if (kvnparts.length > 1) { parts.n = kvnparts[1]; }

          parts.kv = kvnparts[0];
          var kvparts = parts.kv.split('/', 2);
          parts.k = kvparts[0];
          parts.v = kvparts[1];

          parts.nsimple = simplify(parts.n);
          parts.kvnsimple = parts.kv + '|' + parts.nsimple;
          return parts;
        };

        var matchGroups = {adult_gaming_centre:["amenity/casino","amenity/gambling","leisure/adult_gaming_centre"],beauty:["shop/beauty","shop/hairdresser_supply"],bed:["shop/bed","shop/furniture"],beverages:["shop/alcohol","shop/beverages"],camping:["leisure/park","tourism/camp_site","tourism/caravan_site"],car_parts:["shop/car_parts","shop/car_repair","shop/tires","shop/tyres"],confectionery:["shop/candy","shop/chocolate","shop/confectionery"],convenience:["shop/beauty","shop/chemist","shop/convenience","shop/cosmetics","shop/newsagent"],coworking:["amenity/coworking_space","office/coworking","office/coworking_space"],electronics:["office/telecommunication","shop/computer","shop/electronics","shop/hifi","shop/mobile","shop/mobile_phone","shop/telecommunication"],fashion:["shop/accessories","shop/bag","shop/botique","shop/clothes","shop/department_store","shop/fashion","shop/fashion_accessories","shop/sports","shop/shoes"],financial:["amenity/bank","office/accountant","office/financial","office/financial_advisor","office/tax_advisor","shop/tax"],fitness:["leisure/fitness_centre","leisure/fitness_center","leisure/sports_centre","leisure/sports_center"],food:["amenity/cafe","amenity/fast_food","amenity/ice_cream","amenity/restaurant","shop/bakery","shop/ice_cream","shop/pastry","shop/tea","shop/coffee"],fuel:["amenity/fuel","shop/gas","shop/convenience;gas","shop/gas;convenience"],gift:["shop/gift","shop/card","shop/cards","shop/stationery"],hardware:["shop/carpet","shop/diy","shop/doityourself","shop/doors","shop/electrical","shop/flooring","shop/hardware","shop/power_tools","shop/tool_hire","shop/tools","shop/trade"],health_food:["shop/health","shop/health_food","shop/herbalist","shop/nutrition_supplements"],houseware:["shop/houseware","shop/interior_decoration"],lodging:["tourism/hotel","tourism/motel"],money_transfer:["amenity/money_transfer","shop/money_transfer"],outdoor:["shop/outdoor","shop/sports"],rental:["amenity/bicycle_rental","amenity/boat_rental","amenity/car_rental","amenity/truck_rental","amenity/vehicle_rental","shop/rental"],school:["amenity/childcare","amenity/college","amenity/kindergarten","amenity/language_school","amenity/prep_school","amenity/school","amenity/university"],supermarket:["shop/food","shop/frozen_food","shop/greengrocer","shop/grocery","shop/supermarket","shop/wholesale"],variety_store:["shop/variety_store","shop/supermarket","shop/discount","shop/convenience"],vending:["amenity/vending_machine","shop/vending_machine"],wholesale:["shop/wholesale","shop/supermarket","shop/department_store"]};
        var require$$0 = {
        matchGroups: matchGroups
        };

        var matchGroups$1 = require$$0.matchGroups;


        var matcher$1 = function () {
          var _warnings = [];  // array of match conflict pairs
          var _ambiguous = {};
          var _matchIndex = {};
          var matcher = {};


          // Create an index of all the keys/simplenames for fast matching
          matcher.buildMatchIndex = function (brands) {
            // two passes - once for primary names, once for secondary/alternate names
            Object.keys(brands).forEach(function (kvnd) { return insertNames(kvnd, 'primary'); });
            Object.keys(brands).forEach(function (kvnd) { return insertNames(kvnd, 'secondary'); });


            function insertNames(kvnd, which) {
              var obj = brands[kvnd];
              var parts = to_parts(kvnd);

              // Exit early for ambiguous names in the second pass.
              // They were collected in the first pass and we don't gather alt names for them.
              if (which === 'secondary' && parts.d) { return; }


              if (obj.countryCodes) {
                parts.countryCodes = obj.countryCodes.slice();  // copy
              }

              var nomatches = (obj.nomatch || []);
              if (nomatches.some(function (s) { return s === kvnd; })) {
                console.log(("WARNING match/nomatch conflict for " + kvnd));
                return;
              }

              var match_kv = [parts.kv]
                .concat(obj.matchTags || [])
                .concat([((parts.k) + "/yes"), "building/yes"])   // #3454 - match some generic tags
                .map(function (s) { return s.toLowerCase(); });

              var match_nsimple = [];
              if (which === 'primary') {
                match_nsimple = [parts.n]
                  .concat(obj.matchNames || [])
                  .concat(obj.tags.official_name || [])   // #2732 - match alternate names
                  .map(simplify);

              } else if (which === 'secondary') {
                match_nsimple = []
                  .concat(obj.tags.alt_name || [])        // #2732 - match alternate names
                  .concat(obj.tags.short_name || [])      // #2732 - match alternate names
                  .map(simplify);
              }

              if (!match_nsimple.length) { return; }  // nothing to do

              match_kv.forEach(function (kv) {
                match_nsimple.forEach(function (nsimple) {
                  if (parts.d) {
                    // Known ambiguous names with disambiguation string ~(USA) / ~(Canada)
                    // FIXME: Name collisions will overwrite the initial entry (ok for now)
                    if (!_ambiguous[kv]) { _ambiguous[kv] = {}; }
                    _ambiguous[kv][nsimple] = parts;

                  } else {
                    // Names we mostly expect to be unique..
                    if (!_matchIndex[kv]) { _matchIndex[kv] = {}; }

                    var m = _matchIndex[kv][nsimple];
                    if (m) {  // There already is a match for this name, skip it
                      // Warn if we detect collisions in a primary name.
                      // Skip warning if a secondary name or a generic `*=yes` tag - #2972 / #3454
                      if (which === 'primary' && !/\/yes$/.test(kv)) {
                        _warnings.push([m.kvnd, (kvnd + " (" + kv + "/" + nsimple + ")")]);
                      }
                    } else {
                      _matchIndex[kv][nsimple] = parts;   // insert
                    }
                  }
                });
              });

            }
          };


          // pass a `key`, `value`, `name` and return the best match,
          // `countryCode` optional (if supplied, must match that too)
          matcher.matchKVN = function (key, value, name, countryCode) {
            return matcher.matchParts(to_parts((key + "/" + value + "|" + name)), countryCode);
          };


          // pass a parts object and return the best match,
          // `countryCode` optional (if supplied, must match that too)
          matcher.matchParts = function (parts, countryCode) {
            var match = null;
            var inGroup = false;

            // fixme: we currently return a single match for ambiguous
            match = _ambiguous[parts.kv] && _ambiguous[parts.kv][parts.nsimple];
            if (match && matchesCountryCode(match)) { return match; }

            // try to return an exact match
            match = _matchIndex[parts.kv] && _matchIndex[parts.kv][parts.nsimple];
            if (match && matchesCountryCode(match)) { return match; }

            // look in match groups
            for (var mg in matchGroups$1) {
              var matchGroup = matchGroups$1[mg];
              match = null;
              inGroup = false;

              for (var i = 0; i < matchGroup.length; i++) {
                var otherkv = matchGroup[i].toLowerCase();
                if (!inGroup) {
                  inGroup = otherkv === parts.kv;
                }
                if (!match) {
                  // fixme: we currently return a single match for ambiguous
                  match = _ambiguous[otherkv] && _ambiguous[otherkv][parts.nsimple];
                }
                if (!match) {
                  match = _matchIndex[otherkv] && _matchIndex[otherkv][parts.nsimple];
                }

                if (match && !matchesCountryCode(match)) {
                  match = null;
                }

                if (inGroup && match) {
                  return match;
                }
              }
            }

            return null;

            function matchesCountryCode(match) {
              if (!countryCode) { return true; }
              if (!match.countryCodes) { return true; }
              return match.countryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) !== -1;
            }
          };


          matcher.getWarnings = function () { return _warnings; };

          return matcher;
        };

        var quickselect$1 = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        (function (global, factory) {
                 module.exports = factory() ;
        }(commonjsGlobal, (function () {
        function quickselect(arr, k, left, right, compare) {
            quickselectStep(arr, k, left || 0, right || (arr.length - 1), compare || defaultCompare);
        }

        function quickselectStep(arr, k, left, right, compare) {

            while (right > left) {
                if (right - left > 600) {
                    var n = right - left + 1;
                    var m = k - left + 1;
                    var z = Math.log(n);
                    var s = 0.5 * Math.exp(2 * z / 3);
                    var sd = 0.5 * Math.sqrt(z * s * (n - s) / n) * (m - n / 2 < 0 ? -1 : 1);
                    var newLeft = Math.max(left, Math.floor(k - m * s / n + sd));
                    var newRight = Math.min(right, Math.floor(k + (n - m) * s / n + sd));
                    quickselectStep(arr, k, newLeft, newRight, compare);
                }

                var t = arr[k];
                var i = left;
                var j = right;

                swap(arr, left, k);
                if (compare(arr[right], t) > 0) { swap(arr, left, right); }

                while (i < j) {
                    swap(arr, i, j);
                    i++;
                    j--;
                    while (compare(arr[i], t) < 0) { i++; }
                    while (compare(arr[j], t) > 0) { j--; }
                }

                if (compare(arr[left], t) === 0) { swap(arr, left, j); }
                else {
                    j++;
                    swap(arr, j, right);
                }

                if (j <= k) { left = j + 1; }
                if (k <= j) { right = j - 1; }
            }
        }

        function swap(arr, i, j) {
            var tmp = arr[i];
            arr[i] = arr[j];
            arr[j] = tmp;
        }

        function defaultCompare(a, b) {
            return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
        }

        return quickselect;

        })));
        });

        var rbush_1 = rbush;
        var _default$2 = rbush;



        function rbush(maxEntries, format) {
            if (!(this instanceof rbush)) { return new rbush(maxEntries, format); }

            // max entries in a node is 9 by default; min node fill is 40% for best performance
            this._maxEntries = Math.max(4, maxEntries || 9);
            this._minEntries = Math.max(2, Math.ceil(this._maxEntries * 0.4));

            if (format) {
                this._initFormat(format);
            }

            this.clear();
        }

        rbush.prototype = {

            all: function () {
                return this._all(this.data, []);
            },

            search: function (bbox) {

                var node = this.data,
                    result = [],
                    toBBox = this.toBBox;

                if (!intersects$1(bbox, node)) { return result; }

                var nodesToSearch = [],
                    i, len, child, childBBox;

                while (node) {
                    for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {

                        child = node.children[i];
                        childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;

                        if (intersects$1(bbox, childBBox)) {
                            if (node.leaf) { result.push(child); }
                            else if (contains$2(bbox, childBBox)) { this._all(child, result); }
                            else { nodesToSearch.push(child); }
                        }
                    }
                    node = nodesToSearch.pop();
                }

                return result;
            },

            collides: function (bbox) {

                var node = this.data,
                    toBBox = this.toBBox;

                if (!intersects$1(bbox, node)) { return false; }

                var nodesToSearch = [],
                    i, len, child, childBBox;

                while (node) {
                    for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {

                        child = node.children[i];
                        childBBox = node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child;

                        if (intersects$1(bbox, childBBox)) {
                            if (node.leaf || contains$2(bbox, childBBox)) { return true; }
                            nodesToSearch.push(child);
                        }
                    }
                    node = nodesToSearch.pop();
                }

                return false;
            },

            load: function (data) {
                if (!(data && data.length)) { return this; }

                if (data.length < this._minEntries) {
                    for (var i = 0, len = data.length; i < len; i++) {
                        this.insert(data[i]);
                    }
                    return this;
                }

                // recursively build the tree with the given data from scratch using OMT algorithm
                var node = this._build(data.slice(), 0, data.length - 1, 0);

                if (!this.data.children.length) {
                    // save as is if tree is empty
                    this.data = node;

                } else if (this.data.height === node.height) {
                    // split root if trees have the same height
                    this._splitRoot(this.data, node);

                } else {
                    if (this.data.height < node.height) {
                        // swap trees if inserted one is bigger
                        var tmpNode = this.data;
                        this.data = node;
                        node = tmpNode;
                    }

                    // insert the small tree into the large tree at appropriate level
                    this._insert(node, this.data.height - node.height - 1, true);
                }

                return this;
            },

            insert: function (item) {
                if (item) { this._insert(item, this.data.height - 1); }
                return this;
            },

            clear: function () {
                this.data = createNode$1([]);
                return this;
            },

            remove: function (item, equalsFn) {
                if (!item) { return this; }

                var node = this.data,
                    bbox = this.toBBox(item),
                    path = [],
                    indexes = [],
                    i, parent, index, goingUp;

                // depth-first iterative tree traversal
                while (node || path.length) {

                    if (!node) { // go up
                        node = path.pop();
                        parent = path[path.length - 1];
                        i = indexes.pop();
                        goingUp = true;
                    }

                    if (node.leaf) { // check current node
                        index = findItem$1(item, node.children, equalsFn);

                        if (index !== -1) {
                            // item found, remove the item and condense tree upwards
                            node.children.splice(index, 1);
                            path.push(node);
                            this._condense(path);
                            return this;
                        }
                    }

                    if (!goingUp && !node.leaf && contains$2(node, bbox)) { // go down
                        path.push(node);
                        indexes.push(i);
                        i = 0;
                        parent = node;
                        node = node.children[0];

                    } else if (parent) { // go right
                        i++;
                        node = parent.children[i];
                        goingUp = false;

                    } else { node = null; } // nothing found
                }

                return this;
            },

            toBBox: function (item) { return item; },

            compareMinX: compareNodeMinX$1,
            compareMinY: compareNodeMinY$1,

            toJSON: function () { return this.data; },

            fromJSON: function (data) {
                this.data = data;
                return this;
            },

            _all: function (node, result) {
                var nodesToSearch = [];
                while (node) {
                    if (node.leaf) { result.push.apply(result, node.children); }
                    else { nodesToSearch.push.apply(nodesToSearch, node.children); }

                    node = nodesToSearch.pop();
                }
                return result;
            },

            _build: function (items, left, right, height) {

                var N = right - left + 1,
                    M = this._maxEntries,
                    node;

                if (N <= M) {
                    // reached leaf level; return leaf
                    node = createNode$1(items.slice(left, right + 1));
                    calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
                    return node;
                }

                if (!height) {
                    // target height of the bulk-loaded tree
                    height = Math.ceil(Math.log(N) / Math.log(M));

                    // target number of root entries to maximize storage utilization
                    M = Math.ceil(N / Math.pow(M, height - 1));
                }

                node = createNode$1([]);
                node.leaf = false;
                node.height = height;

                // split the items into M mostly square tiles

                var N2 = Math.ceil(N / M),
                    N1 = N2 * Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(M)),
                    i, j, right2, right3;

                multiSelect$1(items, left, right, N1, this.compareMinX);

                for (i = left; i <= right; i += N1) {

                    right2 = Math.min(i + N1 - 1, right);

                    multiSelect$1(items, i, right2, N2, this.compareMinY);

                    for (j = i; j <= right2; j += N2) {

                        right3 = Math.min(j + N2 - 1, right2);

                        // pack each entry recursively
                        node.children.push(this._build(items, j, right3, height - 1));
                    }
                }

                calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);

                return node;
            },

            _chooseSubtree: function (bbox, node, level, path) {

                var i, len, child, targetNode, area, enlargement, minArea, minEnlargement;

                while (true) {
                    path.push(node);

                    if (node.leaf || path.length - 1 === level) { break; }

                    minArea = minEnlargement = Infinity;

                    for (i = 0, len = node.children.length; i < len; i++) {
                        child = node.children[i];
                        area = bboxArea$1(child);
                        enlargement = enlargedArea$1(bbox, child) - area;

                        // choose entry with the least area enlargement
                        if (enlargement < minEnlargement) {
                            minEnlargement = enlargement;
                            minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;
                            targetNode = child;

                        } else if (enlargement === minEnlargement) {
                            // otherwise choose one with the smallest area
                            if (area < minArea) {
                                minArea = area;
                                targetNode = child;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    node = targetNode || node.children[0];
                }

                return node;
            },

            _insert: function (item, level, isNode) {

                var toBBox = this.toBBox,
                    bbox = isNode ? item : toBBox(item),
                    insertPath = [];

                // find the best node for accommodating the item, saving all nodes along the path too
                var node = this._chooseSubtree(bbox, this.data, level, insertPath);

                // put the item into the node
                node.children.push(item);
                extend$3(node, bbox);

                // split on node overflow; propagate upwards if necessary
                while (level >= 0) {
                    if (insertPath[level].children.length > this._maxEntries) {
                        this._split(insertPath, level);
                        level--;
                    } else { break; }
                }

                // adjust bboxes along the insertion path
                this._adjustParentBBoxes(bbox, insertPath, level);
            },

            // split overflowed node into two
            _split: function (insertPath, level) {

                var node = insertPath[level],
                    M = node.children.length,
                    m = this._minEntries;

                this._chooseSplitAxis(node, m, M);

                var splitIndex = this._chooseSplitIndex(node, m, M);

                var newNode = createNode$1(node.children.splice(splitIndex, node.children.length - splitIndex));
                newNode.height = node.height;
                newNode.leaf = node.leaf;

                calcBBox$1(node, this.toBBox);
                calcBBox$1(newNode, this.toBBox);

                if (level) { insertPath[level - 1].children.push(newNode); }
                else { this._splitRoot(node, newNode); }
            },

            _splitRoot: function (node, newNode) {
                // split root node
                this.data = createNode$1([node, newNode]);
                this.data.height = node.height + 1;
                this.data.leaf = false;
                calcBBox$1(this.data, this.toBBox);
            },

            _chooseSplitIndex: function (node, m, M) {

                var i, bbox1, bbox2, overlap, area, minOverlap, minArea, index;

                minOverlap = minArea = Infinity;

                for (i = m; i <= M - m; i++) {
                    bbox1 = distBBox$1(node, 0, i, this.toBBox);
                    bbox2 = distBBox$1(node, i, M, this.toBBox);

                    overlap = intersectionArea$1(bbox1, bbox2);
                    area = bboxArea$1(bbox1) + bboxArea$1(bbox2);

                    // choose distribution with minimum overlap
                    if (overlap < minOverlap) {
                        minOverlap = overlap;
                        index = i;

                        minArea = area < minArea ? area : minArea;

                    } else if (overlap === minOverlap) {
                        // otherwise choose distribution with minimum area
                        if (area < minArea) {
                            minArea = area;
                            index = i;
                        }
                    }
                }

                return index;
            },

            // sorts node children by the best axis for split
            _chooseSplitAxis: function (node, m, M) {

                var compareMinX = node.leaf ? this.compareMinX : compareNodeMinX$1,
                    compareMinY = node.leaf ? this.compareMinY : compareNodeMinY$1,
                    xMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinX),
                    yMargin = this._allDistMargin(node, m, M, compareMinY);

                // if total distributions margin value is minimal for x, sort by minX,
                // otherwise it's already sorted by minY
                if (xMargin < yMargin) { node.children.sort(compareMinX); }
            },

            // total margin of all possible split distributions where each node is at least m full
            _allDistMargin: function (node, m, M, compare) {

                node.children.sort(compare);

                var toBBox = this.toBBox,
                    leftBBox = distBBox$1(node, 0, m, toBBox),
                    rightBBox = distBBox$1(node, M - m, M, toBBox),
                    margin = bboxMargin$1(leftBBox) + bboxMargin$1(rightBBox),
                    i, child;

                for (i = m; i < M - m; i++) {
                    child = node.children[i];
                    extend$3(leftBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
                    margin += bboxMargin$1(leftBBox);
                }

                for (i = M - m - 1; i >= m; i--) {
                    child = node.children[i];
                    extend$3(rightBBox, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
                    margin += bboxMargin$1(rightBBox);
                }

                return margin;
            },

            _adjustParentBBoxes: function (bbox, path, level) {
                // adjust bboxes along the given tree path
                for (var i = level; i >= 0; i--) {
                    extend$3(path[i], bbox);
                }
            },

            _condense: function (path) {
                // go through the path, removing empty nodes and updating bboxes
                for (var i = path.length - 1, siblings; i >= 0; i--) {
                    if (path[i].children.length === 0) {
                        if (i > 0) {
                            siblings = path[i - 1].children;
                            siblings.splice(siblings.indexOf(path[i]), 1);

                        } else { this.clear(); }

                    } else { calcBBox$1(path[i], this.toBBox); }
                }
            },

            _initFormat: function (format) {
                // data format (minX, minY, maxX, maxY accessors)

                // uses eval-type function compilation instead of just accepting a toBBox function
                // because the algorithms are very sensitive to sorting functions performance,
                // so they should be dead simple and without inner calls

                var compareArr = ['return a', ' - b', ';'];

                this.compareMinX = new Function('a', 'b', compareArr.join(format[0]));
                this.compareMinY = new Function('a', 'b', compareArr.join(format[1]));

                this.toBBox = new Function('a',
                    'return {minX: a' + format[0] +
                    ', minY: a' + format[1] +
                    ', maxX: a' + format[2] +
                    ', maxY: a' + format[3] + '};');
            }
        };

        function findItem$1(item, items, equalsFn) {
            if (!equalsFn) { return items.indexOf(item); }

            for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
                if (equalsFn(item, items[i])) { return i; }
            }
            return -1;
        }

        // calculate node's bbox from bboxes of its children
        function calcBBox$1(node, toBBox) {
            distBBox$1(node, 0, node.children.length, toBBox, node);
        }

        // min bounding rectangle of node children from k to p-1
        function distBBox$1(node, k, p, toBBox, destNode) {
            if (!destNode) { destNode = createNode$1(null); }
            destNode.minX = Infinity;
            destNode.minY = Infinity;
            destNode.maxX = -Infinity;
            destNode.maxY = -Infinity;

            for (var i = k, child; i < p; i++) {
                child = node.children[i];
                extend$3(destNode, node.leaf ? toBBox(child) : child);
            }

            return destNode;
        }

        function extend$3(a, b) {
            a.minX = Math.min(a.minX, b.minX);
            a.minY = Math.min(a.minY, b.minY);
            a.maxX = Math.max(a.maxX, b.maxX);
            a.maxY = Math.max(a.maxY, b.maxY);
            return a;
        }

        function compareNodeMinX$1(a, b) { return a.minX - b.minX; }
        function compareNodeMinY$1(a, b) { return a.minY - b.minY; }

        function bboxArea$1(a)   { return (a.maxX - a.minX) * (a.maxY - a.minY); }
        function bboxMargin$1(a) { return (a.maxX - a.minX) + (a.maxY - a.minY); }

        function enlargedArea$1(a, b) {
            return (Math.max(b.maxX, a.maxX) - Math.min(b.minX, a.minX)) *
                   (Math.max(b.maxY, a.maxY) - Math.min(b.minY, a.minY));
        }

        function intersectionArea$1(a, b) {
            var minX = Math.max(a.minX, b.minX),
                minY = Math.max(a.minY, b.minY),
                maxX = Math.min(a.maxX, b.maxX),
                maxY = Math.min(a.maxY, b.maxY);

            return Math.max(0, maxX - minX) *
                   Math.max(0, maxY - minY);
        }

        function contains$2(a, b) {
            return a.minX <= b.minX &&
                   a.minY <= b.minY &&
                   b.maxX <= a.maxX &&
                   b.maxY <= a.maxY;
        }

        function intersects$1(a, b) {
            return b.minX <= a.maxX &&
                   b.minY <= a.maxY &&
                   b.maxX >= a.minX &&
                   b.maxY >= a.minY;
        }

        function createNode$1(children) {
            return {
                children: children,
                height: 1,
                leaf: true,
                minX: Infinity,
                minY: Infinity,
                maxX: -Infinity,
                maxY: -Infinity
            };
        }

        // sort an array so that items come in groups of n unsorted items, with groups sorted between each other;
        // combines selection algorithm with binary divide & conquer approach

        function multiSelect$1(arr, left, right, n, compare) {
            var stack = [left, right],
                mid;

            while (stack.length) {
                right = stack.pop();
                left = stack.pop();

                if (right - left <= n) { continue; }

                mid = left + Math.ceil((right - left) / n / 2) * n;
                quickselect$1(arr, mid, left, right, compare);

                stack.push(left, mid, mid, right);
            }
        }
        rbush_1.default = _default$2;

        var lineclip_1$1 = lineclip$1;

        lineclip$1.polyline = lineclip$1;
        lineclip$1.polygon = polygonclip$1;


        // Cohen-Sutherland line clippign algorithm, adapted to efficiently
        // handle polylines rather than just segments

        function lineclip$1(points, bbox, result) {

            var len = points.length,
                codeA = bitCode$1(points[0], bbox),
                part = [],
                i, a, b, codeB, lastCode;

            if (!result) { result = []; }

            for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
                a = points[i - 1];
                b = points[i];
                codeB = lastCode = bitCode$1(b, bbox);

                while (true) {

                    if (!(codeA | codeB)) { // accept
                        part.push(a);

                        if (codeB !== lastCode) { // segment went outside
                            part.push(b);

                            if (i < len - 1) { // start a new line
                                result.push(part);
                                part = [];
                            }
                        } else if (i === len - 1) {
                            part.push(b);
                        }
                        break;

                    } else if (codeA & codeB) { // trivial reject
                        break;

                    } else if (codeA) { // a outside, intersect with clip edge
                        a = intersect$1(a, b, codeA, bbox);
                        codeA = bitCode$1(a, bbox);

                    } else { // b outside
                        b = intersect$1(a, b, codeB, bbox);
                        codeB = bitCode$1(b, bbox);
                    }
                }

                codeA = lastCode;
            }

            if (part.length) { result.push(part); }

            return result;
        }

        // Sutherland-Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm

        function polygonclip$1(points, bbox) {

            var result, edge, prev, prevInside, i, p, inside;

            // clip against each side of the clip rectangle
            for (edge = 1; edge <= 8; edge *= 2) {
                result = [];
                prev = points[points.length - 1];
                prevInside = !(bitCode$1(prev, bbox) & edge);

                for (i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
                    p = points[i];
                    inside = !(bitCode$1(p, bbox) & edge);

                    // if segment goes through the clip window, add an intersection
                    if (inside !== prevInside) { result.push(intersect$1(prev, p, edge, bbox)); }

                    if (inside) { result.push(p); } // add a point if it's inside

                    prev = p;
                    prevInside = inside;
                }

                points = result;

                if (!points.length) { break; }
            }

            return result;
        }

        // intersect a segment against one of the 4 lines that make up the bbox

        function intersect$1(a, b, edge, bbox) {
            return edge & 8 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[3] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[3]] : // top
                   edge & 4 ? [a[0] + (b[0] - a[0]) * (bbox[1] - a[1]) / (b[1] - a[1]), bbox[1]] : // bottom
                   edge & 2 ? [bbox[2], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[2] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // right
                   edge & 1 ? [bbox[0], a[1] + (b[1] - a[1]) * (bbox[0] - a[0]) / (b[0] - a[0])] : // left
                   null;
        }

        // bit code reflects the point position relative to the bbox:

        //         left  mid  right
        //    top  1001  1000  1010
        //    mid  0001  0000  0010
        // bottom  0101  0100  0110

        function bitCode$1(p, bbox) {
            var code = 0;

            if (p[0] < bbox[0]) { code |= 1; } // left
            else if (p[0] > bbox[2]) { code |= 2; } // right

            if (p[1] < bbox[1]) { code |= 4; } // bottom
            else if (p[1] > bbox[3]) { code |= 8; } // top

            return code;
        }

        var whichPolygon_1 = whichPolygon;

        function whichPolygon(data) {
            var bboxes = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < data.features.length; i++) {
                var feature = data.features[i];
                var coords = feature.geometry.coordinates;

                if (feature.geometry.type === 'Polygon') {
                    bboxes.push(treeItem(coords, feature.properties));

                } else if (feature.geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
                    for (var j = 0; j < coords.length; j++) {
                        bboxes.push(treeItem(coords[j], feature.properties));
                    }
                }
            }

            var tree = rbush_1().load(bboxes);

            function query(p, multi) {
                var output = [],
                    result = tree.search({
                        minX: p[0],
                        minY: p[1],
                        maxX: p[0],
                        maxY: p[1]
                    });
                for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                    if (insidePolygon(result[i].coords, p)) {
                        if (multi)
                            { output.push(result[i].props); }
                        else
                            { return result[i].props; }
                    }
                }
                return multi && output.length ? output : null;
            }

            query.tree = tree;
            query.bbox = function queryBBox(bbox) {
                var output = [];
                var result = tree.search({
                    minX: bbox[0],
                    minY: bbox[1],
                    maxX: bbox[2],
                    maxY: bbox[3]
                });
                for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                    if (polygonIntersectsBBox(result[i].coords, bbox)) {
                        output.push(result[i].props);
                    }
                }
                return output;
            };

            return query;
        }

        function polygonIntersectsBBox(polygon, bbox) {
            var bboxCenter = [
                (bbox[0] + bbox[2]) / 2,
                (bbox[1] + bbox[3]) / 2
            ];
            if (insidePolygon(polygon, bboxCenter)) { return true; }
            for (var i = 0; i < polygon.length; i++) {
                if (lineclip_1$1(polygon[i], bbox).length > 0) { return true; }
            }
            return false;
        }

        // ray casting algorithm for detecting if point is in polygon
        function insidePolygon(rings, p) {
            var inside = false;
            for (var i = 0, len = rings.length; i < len; i++) {
                var ring = rings[i];
                for (var j = 0, len2 = ring.length, k = len2 - 1; j < len2; k = j++) {
                    if (rayIntersect(p, ring[j], ring[k])) { inside = !inside; }
                }
            }
            return inside;
        }

        function rayIntersect(p, p1, p2) {
            return ((p1[1] > p[1]) !== (p2[1] > p[1])) && (p[0] < (p2[0] - p1[0]) * (p[1] - p1[1]) / (p2[1] - p1[1]) + p1[0]);
        }

        function treeItem(coords, props) {
            var item = {
                minX: Infinity,
                minY: Infinity,
                maxX: -Infinity,
                maxY: -Infinity,
                coords: coords,
                props: props
            };

            for (var i = 0; i < coords[0].length; i++) {
                var p = coords[0][i];
                item.minX = Math.min(item.minX, p[0]);
                item.minY = Math.min(item.minY, p[1]);
                item.maxX = Math.max(item.maxX, p[0]);
                item.maxY = Math.max(item.maxY, p[1]);
            }
            return item;
        }

        var type = "FeatureCollection";
        var features = [{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"680",wikidata:"Q3405693",nameEn:"Sark",country:"GB",groups:["GG","830","154","150"],level:"subterritory",driveSide:"left",roadSpeedUnit:"mph",callingCodes:["44 01481"]},geometry:{type:"MultiPolygon",coordinates:[[[[-2.36485,49.48223],[-2.65349,49.15373],[-2.09454,49.46288],[-2.36485,49.48223]]]]}},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"001",wikidata:"Q2",nameEn:"World",aliases:["Earth","Planet"],level:"world"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"142",wikidata:"Q48",nameEn:"Asia",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"143",wikidata:"Q27275",nameEn:"Central Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"145",wikidata:"Q27293",nameEn:"Western Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"150",wikidata:"Q46",nameEn:"Europe",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"151",wikidata:"Q27468",nameEn:"Eastern Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"154",wikidata:"Q27479",nameEn:"Northern Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"155",wikidata:"Q27496",nameEn:"Western Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"202",wikidata:"Q132959",nameEn:"Sub-Saharan Africa",groups:["002"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"419",wikidata:"Q72829598",nameEn:"Latin America and the Caribbean",groups:["019"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"830",wikidata:"Q42314",nameEn:"Channel Islands",groups:["150","154"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"019",wikidata:"Q828",nameEn:"Americas",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"029",wikidata:"Q664609",nameEn:"Caribbean",groups:["419","019","003"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"034",wikidata:"Q771405",nameEn:"Southern Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"002",wikidata:"Q15",nameEn:"Africa",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"003",wikidata:"Q49",nameEn:"North America",groups:["019"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"017",wikidata:"Q27433",nameEn:"Middle Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"039",wikidata:"Q27449",nameEn:"Southern Europe",groups:["150"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"005",wikidata:"Q18",nameEn:"South America",groups:["419","019"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"009",wikidata:"Q538",nameEn:"Oceania",level:"region"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"061",wikidata:"Q35942",nameEn:"Polynesia",groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"014",wikidata:"Q27407",nameEn:"Eastern Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"053",wikidata:"Q45256",nameEn:"Australia and New Zealand",aliases:["Australasia"],groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"011",wikidata:"Q4412",nameEn:"Western Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"013",wikidata:"Q27611",nameEn:"Central America",groups:["419","019","003"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"021",wikidata:"Q2017699",nameEn:"Northern America",groups:["019","003"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"035",wikidata:"Q11708",nameEn:"South-eastern Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"018",wikidata:"Q27394",nameEn:"Southern Africa",groups:["202","002"],level:"intermediateRegion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"030",wikidata:"Q27231",nameEn:"Eastern Asia",groups:["142"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"015",wikidata:"Q27381",nameEn:"Northern Africa",groups:["002"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"054",wikidata:"Q37394",nameEn:"Melanesia",groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{m49:"057",wikidata:"Q3359409",nameEn:"Micronesia",groups:["009"],level:"subregion"},geometry:null},{type:"Feature",properties:{iso1A2:"AC",iso1A3:"ASC",wikidata:"Q46197",nameEn:"Ascension 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        var whichPolygonGetter = {};
        var featuresByCode = {};
        var idFilterRegex = /\bThe\b|\bthe\b|\band\b|\bof\b|[-_ .,()&[\]/]/g;
        var levels = [
          'subterritory',
          'territory',
          'country',
          'intermediateRegion',
          'subregion',
          'region',
          'union',
          'world'
        ];
        loadDerivedDataAndCaches(borders);
        function loadDerivedDataAndCaches(borders) {
          var identifierProps = ['iso1A2', 'iso1A3', 'm49', 'wikidata', 'emojiFlag', 'nameEn'];
          var geometryFeatures = [];
          for (var i in borders.features) {
            var feature = borders.features[i];
            feature.properties.id = feature.properties.iso1A2 || feature.properties.m49;
            loadM49(feature);
            loadIsoStatus(feature);
            loadLevel(feature);
            loadGroups(feature);
            loadRoadSpeedUnit(feature);
            loadDriveSide(feature);
            loadFlag(feature);
            cacheFeatureByIDs(feature);
            if (feature.geometry) { geometryFeatures.push(feature); }
          }
          for (var i$1 in borders.features) {
            var feature$1 = borders.features[i$1];
            feature$1.properties.groups.sort(function(groupID1, groupID2) {
              return (
                levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID1].properties.level) -
                levels.indexOf(featuresByCode[groupID2].properties.level)
              );
            });
            loadMembersForGroupsOf(feature$1);
          }
          var geometryOnlyCollection = {
            type: 'RegionFeatureCollection',
            features: geometryFeatures
          };
          whichPolygonGetter = whichPolygon_1(geometryOnlyCollection);
          function loadGroups(feature) {
            var props = feature.properties;
            if (!props.groups) {
              props.groups = [];
            }
            if (props.country) {
              props.groups.push(props.country);
            }
            if (props.m49 !== '001') {
              props.groups.push('001');
            }
          }
          function loadM49(feature) {
            var props = feature.properties;
            if (!props.m49 && props.iso1N3) {
              props.m49 = props.iso1N3;
            }
          }
          function loadIsoStatus(feature) {
            var props = feature.properties;
            if (!props.isoStatus && props.iso1A2) {
              props.isoStatus = 'official';
            }
          }
          function loadLevel(feature) {
            var props = feature.properties;
            if (props.level) { return; }
            if (!props.country) {
              props.level = 'country';
            } else if (props.isoStatus === 'official') {
              props.level = 'territory';
            } else {
              props.level = 'subterritory';
            }
          }
          function loadRoadSpeedUnit(feature) {
            var props = feature.properties;
            if (props.roadSpeedUnit === undefined && props.iso1A2 && props.iso1A2 !== 'EU') {
              props.roadSpeedUnit = 'km/h';
            }
          }
          function loadDriveSide(feature) {
            var props = feature.properties;
            if (props.driveSide === undefined && props.iso1A2 && props.iso1A2 !== 'EU') {
              props.driveSide = 'right';
            }
          }
          function loadFlag(feature) {
            if (!feature.properties.iso1A2) { return; }
            var flag = feature.properties.iso1A2.replace(/./g, function(char) {
              return String.fromCodePoint(char.charCodeAt(0) + 127397);
            });
            feature.properties.emojiFlag = flag;
          }
          function loadMembersForGroupsOf(feature) {
            var featureID = feature.properties.id;
            var standardizedGroupIDs = [];
            for (var j in feature.properties.groups) {
              var groupID = feature.properties.groups[j];
              var groupFeature = featuresByCode[groupID];
              standardizedGroupIDs.push(groupFeature.properties.id);
              if (groupFeature.properties.members) {
                groupFeature.properties.members.push(featureID);
              } else {
                groupFeature.properties.members = [featureID];
              }
            }
            feature.properties.groups = standardizedGroupIDs;
          }
          function cacheFeatureByIDs(feature) {
            for (var k in identifierProps) {
              var prop = identifierProps[k];
              var id = prop && feature.properties[prop];
              if (id) {
                id = id.replace(idFilterRegex, '').toUpperCase();
                featuresByCode[id] = feature;
              }
            }
            if (feature.properties.aliases) {
              for (var j in feature.properties.aliases) {
                var alias = feature.properties.aliases[j].replace(idFilterRegex, '').toUpperCase();
                featuresByCode[alias] = feature;
              }
            }
          }
        }
        function locArray(loc) {
          if (Array.isArray(loc)) {
            return loc;
          } else if (loc.coordinates) {
            return loc.coordinates;
          }
          return loc.geometry.coordinates;
        }
        function smallestFeature(loc) {
          var query = locArray(loc);
          var featureProperties = whichPolygonGetter(query);
          if (!featureProperties) { return null; }
          return featuresByCode[featureProperties.id];
        }
        function countryFeature(loc) {
          var feature = smallestFeature(loc);
          if (!feature) { return null; }
          var countryCode = feature.properties.country || feature.properties.iso1A2;
          return featuresByCode[countryCode];
        }
        function featureForLoc(loc, opts) {
          if (opts && opts.level && opts.level !== 'country') {
            var features = featuresContaining(loc);
            var targetLevel = opts.level;
            var targetLevelIndex = levels.indexOf(targetLevel);
            if (targetLevelIndex === -1) { return null; }
            for (var i in features) {
              var feature = features[i];
              if (
                feature.properties.level === targetLevel ||
                levels.indexOf(feature.properties.level) > targetLevelIndex
              ) {
                return feature;
              }
            }
            return null;
          }
          return countryFeature(loc);
        }
        function featureForID(id) {
          var stringID;
          if (typeof id === 'number') {
            stringID = id.toString();
            if (stringID.length === 1) {
              stringID = '00' + stringID;
            } else if (stringID.length === 2) {
              stringID = '0' + stringID;
            }
          } else {
            stringID = id.replace(idFilterRegex, '').toUpperCase();
          }
          return featuresByCode[stringID] || null;
        }
        function smallestOrMatchingFeature(query) {
          if (typeof query === 'object') {
            return smallestFeature(query);
          }
          return featureForID(query);
        }
        function feature(query, opts) {
          if (typeof query === 'object') {
            return featureForLoc(query, opts);
          }
          return featureForID(query);
        }
        function iso1A2Code(query, opts) {
          var match = feature(query, opts);
          if (!match) { return null; }
          return match.properties.iso1A2 || null;
        }
        function featuresContaining(query, strict) {
          var feature = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
          if (!feature) { return []; }
          var features = [];
          if (!strict || typeof query === 'object') {
            features.push(feature);
          }
          var properties = feature.properties;
          for (var i in properties.groups) {
            var groupID = properties.groups[i];
            features.push(featuresByCode[groupID]);
          }
          return features;
        }
        function roadSpeedUnit(query) {
          var feature = smallestOrMatchingFeature(query);
          return (feature && feature.properties.roadSpeedUnit) || null;
        }

        var _dataDeprecated;
        var _nsi;

        function validationOutdatedTags() {
          var type = 'outdated_tags';
          var nsiKeys = ['amenity', 'shop', 'tourism', 'leisure', 'office'];

          // A concern here in switching to async data means that `_dataDeprecated`
          // and `_nsi` will not be available at first, so the data on early tiles
          // may not have tags validated fully.

          // initialize deprecated tags array
          _mainFileFetcher.get('deprecated')
            .then(function (d) { return _dataDeprecated = d; })
            .catch(function () { /* ignore */ });

          _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_brands')
            .then(function (d) {
              _nsi = {
                brands: d.brands,
                matcher: matcher$1(),
                wikidata: {},
                wikipedia: {}
              };

              // initialize name-suggestion-index matcher
              _nsi.matcher.buildMatchIndex(d.brands);

              // index all known wikipedia and wikidata tags
              Object.keys(d.brands).forEach(function (kvnd) {
                var brand = d.brands[kvnd];
                var wd = brand.tags['brand:wikidata'];
                var wp = brand.tags['brand:wikipedia'];
                if (wd) { _nsi.wikidata[wd] = kvnd; }
                if (wp) { _nsi.wikipedia[wp] = kvnd; }
              });

              return _nsi;
            })
            .catch(function () { /* ignore */ });


          function oldTagIssues(entity, graph) {
            var oldTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
            var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
            var subtype = 'deprecated_tags';
            if (!preset) { return []; }

            // upgrade preset..
            if (preset.replacement) {
              var newPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item(preset.replacement);
              graph = actionChangePreset(entity.id, preset, newPreset, true /* skip field defaults */)(graph);
              entity = graph.entity(entity.id);
              preset = newPreset;
            }

            // upgrade tags..
            if (_dataDeprecated) {
              var deprecatedTags = entity.deprecatedTags(_dataDeprecated);
              if (deprecatedTags.length) {
                deprecatedTags.forEach(function (tag) {
                  graph = actionUpgradeTags(entity.id, tag.old, tag.replace)(graph);
                });
                entity = graph.entity(entity.id);
              }
            }

            // add missing addTags..
            var newTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
            if (preset.tags !== preset.addTags) {
              Object.keys(preset.addTags).forEach(function (k) {
                if (!newTags[k]) {
                  if (preset.addTags[k] === '*') {
                    newTags[k] = 'yes';
                  } else {
                    newTags[k] = preset.addTags[k];
                  }
                }
              });
            }

            if (_nsi) {
              // Do `wikidata` or `wikipedia` identify this entity as a brand?  #6416
              // If so, these tags can be swapped to `brand:wikidata`/`brand:wikipedia`
              var isBrand;
              if (newTags.wikidata) {                 // try matching `wikidata`
                isBrand = _nsi.wikidata[newTags.wikidata];
              }
              if (!isBrand && newTags.wikipedia) {    // fallback to `wikipedia`
                isBrand = _nsi.wikipedia[newTags.wikipedia];
              }
              if (isBrand && !newTags.office) {       // but avoid doing this for corporate offices
                if (newTags.wikidata) {
                  newTags['brand:wikidata'] = newTags.wikidata;
                  delete newTags.wikidata;
                }
                if (newTags.wikipedia) {
                  newTags['brand:wikipedia'] = newTags.wikipedia;
                  delete newTags.wikipedia;
                }
                // I considered setting `name` and other tags here, but they aren't unique per wikidata
                // (Q2759586 -> in USA "Papa John's", in Russia "Папа Джонс")
                // So users will really need to use a preset or assign `name` themselves.
              }

              // try key/value|name match against name-suggestion-index
              if (newTags.name) {
                for (var i = 0; i < nsiKeys.length; i++) {
                  var k = nsiKeys[i];
                  if (!newTags[k]) { continue; }

                  var center = entity.extent(graph).center();
                  var countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
                  var match = _nsi.matcher.matchKVN(k, newTags[k], newTags.name, countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase());
                  if (!match) { continue; }

                  // for now skip ambiguous matches (like Target~(USA) vs Target~(Australia))
                  if (match.d) { continue; }

                  var brand = _nsi.brands[match.kvnd];
                  if (brand && brand.tags['brand:wikidata'] &&
                    brand.tags['brand:wikidata'] !== entity.tags['not:brand:wikidata']) {
                    subtype = 'noncanonical_brand';

                    var keepTags = ['takeaway'].reduce(function (acc, k) {
                      if (newTags[k]) {
                        acc[k] = newTags[k];
                      }
                      return acc;
                    }, {});

                    nsiKeys.forEach(function (k) { return delete newTags[k]; });
                    Object.assign(newTags, brand.tags, keepTags);
                    break;
                  }
                }
              }
            }

            // determine diff
            var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(oldTags, newTags);
            if (!tagDiff.length) { return []; }

            var isOnlyAddingTags = tagDiff.every(function (d) { return d.type === '+'; });

            var prefix = '';
            if (subtype === 'noncanonical_brand') {
              prefix = 'noncanonical_brand.';
            } else if (subtype === 'deprecated_tags' && isOnlyAddingTags) {
              subtype = 'incomplete_tags';
              prefix = 'incomplete.';
            }

            // don't allow autofixing brand tags
            var autoArgs = subtype !== 'noncanonical_brand' ? [doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation')] : null;

            return [new validationIssue({
              type: type,
              subtype: subtype,
              severity: 'warning',
              message: showMessage,
              reference: showReference,
              entityIds: [entity.id],
              hash: JSON.stringify(tagDiff),
              dynamicFixes: function () {
                return [
                  new validationIssueFix({
                    autoArgs: autoArgs,
                    title: _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.title'),
                    onClick: function (context) {
                      context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation'));
                    }
                  })
                ];
              }
            })];


            function doUpgrade(graph) {
              var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
              if (!currEntity) { return graph; }

              var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags);  // shallow copy
              tagDiff.forEach(function (diff) {
                if (diff.type === '-') {
                  delete newTags[diff.key];
                } else if (diff.type === '+') {
                  newTags[diff.key] = diff.newVal;
                }
              });

              return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
            }


            function showMessage(context) {
              var currEntity = context.hasEntity(entity.id);
              if (!currEntity) { return ''; }

              var messageID = "issues.outdated_tags." + prefix + "message";
              if (subtype === 'noncanonical_brand' && isOnlyAddingTags) {
                messageID += '_incomplete';
              }
              return _t(messageID, { feature: utilDisplayLabel(currEntity, context.graph()) });
            }


            function showReference(selection) {
              var enter = selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                .data([0])
                .enter();

              enter
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                .text(_t(("issues.outdated_tags." + prefix + "reference")));

              enter
                .append('strong')
                .text(_t('issues.suggested'));

              enter
                .append('table')
                .attr('class', 'tagDiff-table')
                .selectAll('.tagDiff-row')
                .data(tagDiff)
                .enter()
                .append('tr')
                .attr('class', 'tagDiff-row')
                .append('td')
                .attr('class', function (d) {
                  var klass = d.type === '+' ? 'add' : 'remove';
                  return ("tagDiff-cell tagDiff-cell-" + klass);
                })
                .text(function (d) { return d.display; });
            }
          }


          function oldMultipolygonIssues(entity, graph) {
            var multipolygon, outerWay;
            if (entity.type === 'relation') {
              outerWay = osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation(entity, graph);
              multipolygon = entity;
            } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
              multipolygon = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
              outerWay = entity;
            } else {
              return [];
            }

            if (!multipolygon || !outerWay) { return []; }

            return [new validationIssue({
              type: type,
              subtype: 'old_multipolygon',
              severity: 'warning',
              message: showMessage,
              reference: showReference,
              entityIds: [outerWay.id, multipolygon.id],
              dynamicFixes: function () {
                return [
                  new validationIssueFix({
                    autoArgs: [doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.move_tags.annotation')],
                    title: _t('issues.fix.move_tags.title'),
                    onClick: function (context) {
                      context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.move_tags.annotation'));
                    }
                  })
                ];
              }
            })];


            function doUpgrade(graph) {
              var currMultipolygon = graph.hasEntity(multipolygon.id);
              var currOuterWay = graph.hasEntity(outerWay.id);
              if (!currMultipolygon || !currOuterWay) { return graph; }

              currMultipolygon = currMultipolygon.mergeTags(currOuterWay.tags);
              graph = graph.replace(currMultipolygon);
              return actionChangeTags(currOuterWay.id, {})(graph);
            }


            function showMessage(context) {
              var currMultipolygon = context.hasEntity(multipolygon.id);
              if (!currMultipolygon) { return ''; }

              return _t('issues.old_multipolygon.message',
                  { multipolygon: utilDisplayLabel(currMultipolygon, context.graph()) }
              );
            }


            function showReference(selection) {
              selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                .data([0])
                .enter()
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                .text(_t('issues.old_multipolygon.reference'));
            }
          }


          var validation = function checkOutdatedTags(entity, graph) {
            var issues = oldMultipolygonIssues(entity, graph);
            if (!issues.length) { issues = oldTagIssues(entity, graph); }
            return issues;
          };


          validation.type = type;

          return validation;
        }

        function validationPrivateData() {
            var type = 'private_data';

            // assume that some buildings are private
            var privateBuildingValues = {
                detached: true,
                farm: true,
                house: true,
                houseboat: true,
                residential: true,
                semidetached_house: true,
                static_caravan: true
            };

            // but they might be public if they have one of these other tags
            var publicKeys = {
                amenity: true,
                craft: true,
                historic: true,
                leisure: true,
                office: true,
                shop: true,
                tourism: true
            };

            // these tags may contain personally identifying info
            var personalTags = {
                'contact:email': true,
                'contact:fax': true,
                'contact:phone': true,
                email: true,
                fax: true,
                phone: true
            };


            var validation = function checkPrivateData(entity) {
                var tags = entity.tags;
                if (!tags.building || !privateBuildingValues[tags.building]) { return []; }

                var keepTags = {};
                for (var k in tags) {
                    if (publicKeys[k]) { return []; }  // probably a public feature
                    if (!personalTags[k]) {
                        keepTags[k] = tags[k];
                    }
                }

                var tagDiff = utilTagDiff(tags, keepTags);
                if (!tagDiff.length) { return []; }

                var fixID = tagDiff.length === 1 ? 'remove_tag' : 'remove_tags';

                return [new validationIssue({
                    type: type,
                    severity: 'warning',
                    message: showMessage,
                    reference: showReference,
                    entityIds: [entity.id],
                    dynamicFixes: function() {
                        return [
                            new validationIssueFix({
                                icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
                                title: _t('issues.fix.' + fixID + '.title'),
                                onClick: function(context) {
                                    context.perform(doUpgrade, _t('issues.fix.upgrade_tags.annotation'));
                                }
                            })
                        ];
                    }
                })];


                function doUpgrade(graph) {
                    var currEntity = graph.hasEntity(entity.id);
                    if (!currEntity) { return graph; }

                    var newTags = Object.assign({}, currEntity.tags);  // shallow copy
                    tagDiff.forEach(function(diff) {
                        if (diff.type === '-') {
                            delete newTags[diff.key];
                        } else if (diff.type === '+') {
                            newTags[diff.key] = diff.newVal;
                        }
                    });

                    return actionChangeTags(currEntity.id, newTags)(graph);
                }


                function showMessage(context) {
                    var currEntity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                    if (!currEntity) { return ''; }

                    return _t('issues.private_data.contact.message',
                        { feature: utilDisplayLabel(currEntity, context.graph()) }
                    );
                }


                function showReference(selection) {
                    var enter = selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter();

                    enter
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(_t('issues.private_data.reference'));

                    enter
                        .append('strong')
                        .text(_t('issues.suggested'));

                    enter
                        .append('table')
                        .attr('class', 'tagDiff-table')
                        .selectAll('.tagDiff-row')
                        .data(tagDiff)
                        .enter()
                        .append('tr')
                        .attr('class', 'tagDiff-row')
                        .append('td')
                        .attr('class', function(d) {
                            var klass = d.type === '+' ? 'add' : 'remove';
                            return 'tagDiff-cell tagDiff-cell-' + klass;
                        })
                        .text(function(d) { return d.display; });
                }
            };


            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        var _discardNameRegexes = [];

        function validationSuspiciousName() {
          var type = 'suspicious_name';
          var keysToTestForGenericValues = [
            'aerialway', 'aeroway', 'amenity', 'building', 'craft', 'highway',
            'leisure', 'railway', 'man_made', 'office', 'shop', 'tourism', 'waterway'
          ];

          // A concern here in switching to async data means that `_nsiFilters` will not
          // be available at first, so the data on early tiles may not have tags validated fully.

          _mainFileFetcher.get('nsi_filters')
            .then(function (filters) {
              // known list of generic names (e.g. "bar")
              _discardNameRegexes = filters.discardNames
                .map(function (discardName) { return new RegExp(discardName, 'i'); });
            })
            .catch(function () { /* ignore */ });


          function isDiscardedSuggestionName(lowercaseName) {
            return _discardNameRegexes.some(function (regex) { return regex.test(lowercaseName); });
          }

          // test if the name is just the key or tag value (e.g. "park")
          function nameMatchesRawTag(lowercaseName, tags) {
            for (var i = 0; i < keysToTestForGenericValues.length; i++) {
              var key = keysToTestForGenericValues[i];
              var val = tags[key];
              if (val) {
                val = val.toLowerCase();
                if (key === lowercaseName ||
                  val === lowercaseName ||
                  key.replace(/\_/g, ' ') === lowercaseName ||
                  val.replace(/\_/g, ' ') === lowercaseName) {
                  return true;
                }
              }
            }
            return false;
          }

          function isGenericName(name, tags) {
            name = name.toLowerCase();
            return nameMatchesRawTag(name, tags) || isDiscardedSuggestionName(name);
          }

          function makeGenericNameIssue(entityId, nameKey, genericName, langCode) {
            return new validationIssue({
              type: type,
              subtype: 'generic_name',
              severity: 'warning',
              message: function(context) {
                var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                if (!entity) { return ''; }
                var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
                var langName = langCode && _mainLocalizer.languageName(langCode);
                return _t('issues.generic_name.message' + (langName ? '_language' : ''),
                  { feature: preset.name(), name: genericName, language: langName }
                );
              },
              reference: showReference,
              entityIds: [entityId],
              hash: nameKey + '=' + genericName,
              dynamicFixes: function() {
                return [
                  new validationIssueFix({
                    icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
                    title: _t('issues.fix.remove_the_name.title'),
                    onClick: function(context) {
                      var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                      var entity = context.entity(entityId);
                      var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);   // shallow copy
                      delete tags[nameKey];
                      context.perform(
                        actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_generic_name.annotation')
                      );
                    }
                  })
                ];
              }
            });

            function showReference(selection) {
              selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                .data([0])
                .enter()
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                .text(_t('issues.generic_name.reference'));
            }
          }

          function makeIncorrectNameIssue(entityId, nameKey, incorrectName, langCode) {
            return new validationIssue({
              type: type,
              subtype: 'not_name',
              severity: 'warning',
              message: function(context) {
                var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                if (!entity) { return ''; }
                var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
                var langName = langCode && _mainLocalizer.languageName(langCode);
                return _t('issues.incorrect_name.message' + (langName ? '_language' : ''),
                  { feature: preset.name(), name: incorrectName, language: langName }
                );
              },
              reference: showReference,
              entityIds: [entityId],
              hash: nameKey + '=' + incorrectName,
              dynamicFixes: function() {
                return [
                  new validationIssueFix({
                    icon: 'iD-operation-delete',
                    title: _t('issues.fix.remove_the_name.title'),
                    onClick: function(context) {
                      var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                      var entity = context.entity(entityId);
                      var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);   // shallow copy
                      delete tags[nameKey];
                      context.perform(
                        actionChangeTags(entityId, tags), _t('issues.fix.remove_mistaken_name.annotation')
                      );
                    }
                  })
                ];
              }
            });

            function showReference(selection) {
              selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                .data([0])
                .enter()
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                .text(_t('issues.generic_name.reference'));
            }
          }


          var validation = function checkGenericName(entity) {
            // a generic name is okay if it's a known brand or entity
            if (entity.hasWikidata()) { return []; }

            var issues = [];
            var notNames = (entity.tags['not:name'] || '').split(';');

            for (var key in entity.tags) {
              var m = key.match(/^name(?:(?::)([a-zA-Z_-]+))?$/);
              if (!m) { continue; }

              var langCode = m.length >= 2 ? m[1] : null;
              var value = entity.tags[key];
              if (notNames.length) {
                for (var i in notNames) {
                  var notName = notNames[i];
                  if (notName && value === notName) {
                    issues.push(makeIncorrectNameIssue(entity.id, key, value, langCode));
                    continue;
                  }
                }
              }
              if (isGenericName(value, entity.tags)) {
                issues.push(makeGenericNameIssue(entity.id, key, value, langCode));
              }
            }

            return issues;
          };


          validation.type = type;

          return validation;
        }

        function validationUnsquareWay(context) {
            var type = 'unsquare_way';
            var DEFAULT_DEG_THRESHOLD = 5;   // see also issues.js

            // use looser epsilon for detection to reduce warnings of buildings that are essentially square already
            var epsilon = 0.05;
            var nodeThreshold = 10;

            function isBuilding(entity, graph) {
                if (entity.type !== 'way' || entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') { return false; }
                return entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
            }


            var validation = function checkUnsquareWay(entity, graph) {

                if (!isBuilding(entity, graph)) { return []; }

                // don't flag ways marked as physically unsquare
                if (entity.tags.nonsquare === 'yes') { return []; }

                var isClosed = entity.isClosed();
                if (!isClosed) { return []; }        // this building has bigger problems

                // don't flag ways with lots of nodes since they are likely detail-mapped
                var nodes = graph.childNodes(entity).slice();    // shallow copy
                if (nodes.length > nodeThreshold + 1) { return []; }   // +1 because closing node appears twice

                // ignore if not all nodes are fully downloaded
                var osm = services.osm;
                if (!osm || nodes.some(function(node) { return !osm.isDataLoaded(node.loc); })) { return []; }

                // don't flag connected ways to avoid unresolvable unsquare loops
                var hasConnectedSquarableWays = nodes.some(function(node) {
                    return graph.parentWays(node).some(function(way) {
                        if (way.id === entity.id) { return false; }
                        if (isBuilding(way, graph)) { return true; }
                        return graph.parentRelations(way).some(function(parentRelation) {
                            return parentRelation.isMultipolygon() &&
                                parentRelation.tags.building &&
                                parentRelation.tags.building !== 'no';
                        });
                    });
                });
                if (hasConnectedSquarableWays) { return []; }


                // user-configurable square threshold
                var storedDegreeThreshold = corePreferences('validate-square-degrees');
                var degreeThreshold = isNaN(storedDegreeThreshold) ? DEFAULT_DEG_THRESHOLD : parseFloat(storedDegreeThreshold);

                var points = nodes.map(function(node) { return context.projection(node.loc); });
                if (!geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize(points, isClosed, epsilon, degreeThreshold, true)) { return []; }

                var autoArgs;
                // don't allow autosquaring features linked to wikidata
                if (!entity.tags.wikidata) {
                    // use same degree threshold as for detection
                    var autoAction = actionOrthogonalize(entity.id, context.projection, undefined, degreeThreshold);
                    autoAction.transitionable = false;  // when autofixing, do it instantly
                    autoArgs = [autoAction, _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature.single')];
                }

                return [new validationIssue({
                    type: type,
                    subtype: 'building',
                    severity: 'warning',
                    message: function(context) {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(this.entityIds[0]);
                        return entity ? _t('issues.unsquare_way.message', { feature: utilDisplayLabel(entity, context.graph()) }) : '';
                    },
                    reference: showReference,
                    entityIds: [entity.id],
                    hash: JSON.stringify(autoArgs !== undefined) + degreeThreshold,
                    dynamicFixes: function() {
                        return [
                            new validationIssueFix({
                                icon: 'iD-operation-orthogonalize',
                                title: _t('issues.fix.square_feature.title'),
                                autoArgs: autoArgs,
                                onClick: function(context, completionHandler) {
                                    var entityId = this.issue.entityIds[0];
                                    // use same degree threshold as for detection
                                    context.perform(
                                        actionOrthogonalize(entityId, context.projection, undefined, degreeThreshold),
                                        _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature.single')
                                    );
                                    // run after the squaring transition (currently 150ms)
                                    window.setTimeout(function() { completionHandler(); }, 175);
                                }
                            }) ];
                    }
                })];

                function showReference(selection) {
                    selection.selectAll('.issue-reference')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-reference')
                        .text(_t('issues.unsquare_way.buildings.reference'));
                }
            };

            validation.type = type;

            return validation;
        }

        var Validations = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
                __proto__: null,
                validationAlmostJunction: validationAlmostJunction,
                validationCloseNodes: validationCloseNodes,
                validationCrossingWays: validationCrossingWays,
                validationDisconnectedWay: validationDisconnectedWay,
                validationFormatting: validationFormatting,
                validationHelpRequest: validationHelpRequest,
                validationImpossibleOneway: validationImpossibleOneway,
                validationIncompatibleSource: validationIncompatibleSource,
                validationMaprules: validationMaprules,
                validationMismatchedGeometry: validationMismatchedGeometry,
                validationMissingRole: validationMissingRole,
                validationMissingTag: validationMissingTag,
                validationOutdatedTags: validationOutdatedTags,
                validationPrivateData: validationPrivateData,
                validationSuspiciousName: validationSuspiciousName,
                validationUnsquareWay: validationUnsquareWay
        });

        function coreValidator(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('validated', 'focusedIssue');
            var validator = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');

            var _rules = {};
            var _disabledRules = {};

            var _ignoredIssueIDs = {};          // issue.id -> true
            var _baseCache = validationCache(); // issues before any user edits
            var _headCache = validationCache(); // issues after all user edits
            var _validatedGraph = null;
            var _deferred = new Set();

            //
            // initialize the validator rulesets
            //
            validator.init = function() {
                Object.values(Validations).forEach(function(validation) {
                    if (typeof validation !== 'function') { return; }

                    var fn = validation(context);
                    var key = fn.type;
                    _rules[key] = fn;
                });

                var disabledRules = corePreferences('validate-disabledRules');
                if (disabledRules) {
                    disabledRules.split(',')
                        .forEach(function(key) { _disabledRules[key] = true; });
                }
            };


            //
            // clear caches, called whenever iD resets after a save
            //
            validator.reset = function() {
                Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function(handle) {
                    window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
                    _deferred.delete(handle);
                });

                // clear caches
                _ignoredIssueIDs = {};
                _baseCache = validationCache();
                _headCache = validationCache();
                _validatedGraph = null;
            };

            validator.resetIgnoredIssues = function() {
                _ignoredIssueIDs = {};
                // reload UI
                dispatch$1.call('validated');
            };


            // must update issues when the user changes the unsquare thereshold
            validator.reloadUnsquareIssues = function() {

                reloadUnsquareIssues(_headCache, context.graph());
                reloadUnsquareIssues(_baseCache, context.history().base());

                dispatch$1.call('validated');
            };

            function reloadUnsquareIssues(cache, graph) {

                var checkUnsquareWay = _rules.unsquare_way;
                if (typeof checkUnsquareWay !== 'function') { return; }

                // uncache existing
                cache.uncacheIssuesOfType('unsquare_way');

                var buildings = context.history().tree().intersects(geoExtent([-180,-90],[180, 90]), graph)  // everywhere
                    .filter(function(entity) {
                        return entity.type === 'way' && entity.tags.building && entity.tags.building !== 'no';
                    });

                // rerun for all buildings
                buildings.forEach(function(entity) {
                    var detected = checkUnsquareWay(entity, graph);
                    if (detected.length !== 1) { return; }
                    var issue = detected[0];
                    if (!cache.issuesByEntityID[entity.id]) {
                        cache.issuesByEntityID[entity.id] = new Set();
                    }
                    cache.issuesByEntityID[entity.id].add(issue.id);
                    cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id] = issue;
                });
            }

            // options = {
            //     what: 'all',     // 'all' or 'edited'
            //     where: 'all',   // 'all' or 'visible'
            //     includeIgnored: false   // true, false, or 'only'
            //     includeDisabledRules: false   // true, false, or 'only'
            // };
            validator.getIssues = function(options) {
                var opts = Object.assign({ what: 'all', where: 'all', includeIgnored: false, includeDisabledRules: false }, options);
                var issues = Object.values(_headCache.issuesByIssueID);
                var view = context.map().extent();

                return issues.filter(function(issue) {
                    if (!issue) { return false; }
                    if (opts.includeDisabledRules === 'only' && !_disabledRules[issue.type]) { return false; }
                    if (!opts.includeDisabledRules && _disabledRules[issue.type]) { return false; }

                    if (opts.includeIgnored === 'only' && !_ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) { return false; }
                    if (!opts.includeIgnored && _ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) { return false; }

                    // Sanity check:  This issue may be for an entity that not longer exists.
                    // If we detect this, uncache and return false so it is not included..
                    var entityIds = issue.entityIds || [];
                    for (var i = 0; i < entityIds.length; i++) {
                        var entityId = entityIds[i];
                        if (!context.hasEntity(entityId)) {
                            delete _headCache.issuesByEntityID[entityId];
                            delete _headCache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
                            return false;
                        }
                    }

                    if (opts.what === 'edited' && _baseCache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id]) { return false; }

                    if (opts.where === 'visible') {
                        var extent = issue.extent(context.graph());
                        if (!view.intersects(extent)) { return false; }
                    }

                    return true;
                });
            };

            validator.getResolvedIssues = function() {
                var baseIssues = Object.values(_baseCache.issuesByIssueID);
                return baseIssues.filter(function(issue) {
                    return !_headCache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
                });
            };

            validator.focusIssue = function(issue) {
                var extent = issue.extent(context.graph());

                if (extent) {
                    var setZoom = Math.max(context.map().zoom(), 19);
                    context.map().unobscuredCenterZoomEase(extent.center(), setZoom);

                    // select the first entity
                    if (issue.entityIds && issue.entityIds.length) {
                        window.setTimeout(function() {
                            var ids = issue.entityIds;
                            context.enter(modeSelect(context, [ids[0]]));
                            dispatch$1.call('focusedIssue', this, issue);
                        }, 250);  // after ease
                    }
                }
            };


            validator.getIssuesBySeverity = function(options) {
                var groups = utilArrayGroupBy(validator.getIssues(options), 'severity');
                groups.error = groups.error || [];
                groups.warning = groups.warning || [];
                return groups;
            };

            // show some issue types in a particular order
            var orderedIssueTypes = [
                // flag missing data first
                'missing_tag', 'missing_role',
                // then flag identity issues
                'outdated_tags', 'mismatched_geometry',
                // flag geometry issues where fixing them might solve connectivity issues
                'crossing_ways', 'almost_junction',
                // then flag connectivity issues
                'disconnected_way', 'impossible_oneway'
            ];

            // returns the issues that the given entity IDs have in common, matching the given options
            validator.getSharedEntityIssues = function(entityIDs, options) {
                var cache = _headCache;

                // gather the issues that are common to all the entities
                var issueIDs = entityIDs.reduce(function(acc, entityID) {
                    var entityIssueIDs = cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID] || new Set();
                    if (!acc) {
                        return new Set(entityIssueIDs);
                    }
                    return new Set([].concat( acc ).filter(function(elem) {
                        return entityIssueIDs.has(elem);
                    }));
                }, null) || [];

                var opts = options || {};

                return Array.from(issueIDs)
                    .map(function(id) { return cache.issuesByIssueID[id]; })
                    .filter(function(issue) {
                        if (!issue) { return false; }
                        if (opts.includeDisabledRules === 'only' && !_disabledRules[issue.type]) { return false; }
                        if (!opts.includeDisabledRules && _disabledRules[issue.type]) { return false; }

                        if (opts.includeIgnored === 'only' && !_ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) { return false; }
                        if (!opts.includeIgnored && _ignoredIssueIDs[issue.id]) { return false; }

                        return true;
                    }).sort(function(issue1, issue2) {
                        if (issue1.type === issue2.type) {
                            // issues of the same type, sort deterministically
                            return issue1.id < issue2.id ? -1 : 1;
                        }
                        var index1 = orderedIssueTypes.indexOf(issue1.type);
                        var index2 = orderedIssueTypes.indexOf(issue2.type);
                        if (index1 !== -1 && index2 !== -1) {
                            // both issue types have explicit sort orders
                            return index1 - index2;
                        } else if (index1 === -1 && index2 === -1) {
                            // neither issue type has an explicit sort order, sort by type
                            return issue1.type < issue2.type ? -1 : 1;
                        } else {
                            // order explicit types before everything else
                            return index1 !== -1 ? -1 : 1;
                        }
                    });
            };


            validator.getEntityIssues = function(entityID, options) {
                return validator.getSharedEntityIssues([entityID], options);
            };


            validator.getRuleKeys = function() {
                return Object.keys(_rules);
            };


            validator.isRuleEnabled = function(key) {
                return !_disabledRules[key];
            };


            validator.toggleRule = function(key) {
                if (_disabledRules[key]) {
                    delete _disabledRules[key];
                } else {
                    _disabledRules[key] = true;
                }

                corePreferences('validate-disabledRules', Object.keys(_disabledRules).join(','));
                validator.validate();
            };


            validator.disableRules = function(keys) {
                _disabledRules = {};
                keys.forEach(function(k) {
                    _disabledRules[k] = true;
                });

                corePreferences('validate-disabledRules', Object.keys(_disabledRules).join(','));
                validator.validate();
            };


            validator.ignoreIssue = function(id) {
                _ignoredIssueIDs[id] = true;
            };


            //
            // Run validation on a single entity for the given graph
            //
            function validateEntity(entity, graph) {
                var entityIssues = [];

                // runs validation and appends resulting issues
                function runValidation(key) {

                    var fn = _rules[key];
                    if (typeof fn !== 'function') {
                        console.error('no such validation rule = ' + key);  // eslint-disable-line no-console
                        return;
                    }

                    var detected = fn(entity, graph);
                    entityIssues = entityIssues.concat(detected);
                }

                // run all rules
                Object.keys(_rules).forEach(runValidation);

                return entityIssues;
            }

            function entityIDsToValidate(entityIDs, graph) {
                var processedIDs = new Set();
                return entityIDs.reduce(function(acc, entityID) {
                    // keep redundancy check separate from `acc` because an `entityID`
                    // could have been added to `acc` as a related entity through an earlier pass
                    if (processedIDs.has(entityID)) { return acc; }
                    processedIDs.add(entityID);

                    var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
                    if (!entity) { return acc; }

                    acc.add(entityID);

                    var checkParentRels = [entity];

                    if (entity.type === 'node') {
                        graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function(parentWay) {
                            acc.add(parentWay.id); // include parent ways
                            checkParentRels.push(parentWay);
                        });
                    } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
                        entity.members.forEach(function(member) {
                            acc.add(member.id); // include members
                        });
                    } else if (entity.type === 'way') {
                        entity.nodes.forEach(function(nodeID) {
                            acc.add(nodeID); // include child nodes
                            graph._parentWays[nodeID].forEach(function(wayID) {
                                acc.add(wayID); // include connected ways
                            });
                        });
                    }

                    checkParentRels.forEach(function(entity) {   // include parent relations
                        if (entity.type !== 'relation') {        // but not super-relations
                            graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function(parentRelation) {
                                acc.add(parentRelation.id);
                            });
                        }
                    });

                    return acc;

                }, new Set());
            }

            //
            // Run validation for several entities, supplied `entityIDs`,
            // against `graph` for the given `cache`
            //
            function validateEntities(entityIDs, graph, cache) {

                // clear caches for existing issues related to these entities
                entityIDs.forEach(cache.uncacheEntityID);

                // detect new issues and update caches
                entityIDs.forEach(function(entityID) {
                    var entity = graph.hasEntity(entityID);
                    // don't validate deleted entities
                    if (!entity) { return; }

                    var issues = validateEntity(entity, graph);
                    cache.cacheIssues(issues);
                });
            }


            //
            // Validates anything that has changed since the last time it was run.
            // Also updates the "validatedGraph" to be the current graph
            // and dispatches a `validated` event when finished.
            //
            validator.validate = function() {

                var currGraph = context.graph();
                _validatedGraph = _validatedGraph || context.history().base();
                if (currGraph === _validatedGraph) {
                    dispatch$1.call('validated');
                    return;
                }
                var oldGraph = _validatedGraph;
                var difference = coreDifference(oldGraph, currGraph);
                _validatedGraph = currGraph;

                var createdAndModifiedEntityIDs = difference.extantIDs(true);   // created/modified (true = w/relation members)
                var entityIDsToCheck = entityIDsToValidate(createdAndModifiedEntityIDs, currGraph);

                // check modified and deleted entities against the old graph in order to update their related entities
                // (e.g. deleting the only highway connected to a road should create a disconnected highway issue)
                var modifiedAndDeletedEntityIDs = difference.deleted().concat(difference.modified())
                    .map(function(entity) { return entity.id; });
                var entityIDsToCheckForOldGraph = entityIDsToValidate(modifiedAndDeletedEntityIDs, oldGraph);

                // concat the sets
                entityIDsToCheckForOldGraph.forEach(entityIDsToCheck.add, entityIDsToCheck);

                validateEntities(entityIDsToCheck, context.graph(), _headCache);

                dispatch$1.call('validated');
            };


            // WHEN TO RUN VALIDATION:
            // When graph changes:
            context.history()
                .on('restore.validator', validator.validate)   // restore saved history
                .on('undone.validator', validator.validate)    // undo
                .on('redone.validator', validator.validate);   // redo
                // but not on 'change' (e.g. while drawing)

            // When user changes editing modes:
            context
                .on('exit.validator', validator.validate);

            // When merging fetched data:
            context.history()
                .on('merge.validator', function(entities) {
                    if (!entities) { return; }
                    var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
                        var entityIDs = entities.map(function(entity) { return entity.id; });
                        var headGraph = context.graph();
                        validateEntities(entityIDsToValidate(entityIDs, headGraph), headGraph, _headCache);

                        var baseGraph = context.history().base();
                        validateEntities(entityIDsToValidate(entityIDs, baseGraph), baseGraph, _baseCache);

                        dispatch$1.call('validated');
                    });
                    _deferred.add(handle);
                });


            return validator;
        }


        function validationCache() {

            var cache = {
                issuesByIssueID: {},  // issue.id -> issue
                issuesByEntityID: {} // entity.id -> set(issue.id)
            };

            cache.cacheIssues = function(issues) {
                issues.forEach(function(issue) {
                    var entityIds = issue.entityIds || [];
                    entityIds.forEach(function(entityId) {
                        if (!cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId]) {
                            cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId] = new Set();
                        }
                        cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId].add(issue.id);
                    });
                    cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id] = issue;
                });
            };

            cache.uncacheIssue = function(issue) {
                // When multiple entities are involved (e.g. crossing_ways),
                // remove this issue from the other entity caches too..
                var entityIds = issue.entityIds || [];
                entityIds.forEach(function(entityId) {
                    if (cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId]) {
                        cache.issuesByEntityID[entityId].delete(issue.id);
                    }
                });
                delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issue.id];
            };

            cache.uncacheIssues = function(issues) {
                issues.forEach(cache.uncacheIssue);
            };

            cache.uncacheIssuesOfType = function(type) {
                var issuesOfType = Object.values(cache.issuesByIssueID)
                    .filter(function(issue) { return issue.type === type; });
                cache.uncacheIssues(issuesOfType);
            };

            //
            // Remove a single entity and all its related issues from the caches
            //
            cache.uncacheEntityID = function(entityID) {
                var issueIDs = cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
                if (!issueIDs) { return; }

                issueIDs.forEach(function(issueID) {
                    var issue = cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
                    if (issue) {
                        cache.uncacheIssue(issue);
                    } else {
                        delete cache.issuesByIssueID[issueID];
                    }
                });

                delete cache.issuesByEntityID[entityID];
            };

            return cache;
        }

        function coreUploader(context) {

            var dispatch$1 = dispatch(
                // Start and end events are dispatched exactly once each per legitimate outside call to `save`
                'saveStarted', // dispatched as soon as a call to `save` has been deemed legitimate
                'saveEnded',   // dispatched after the result event has been dispatched

                'willAttemptUpload', // dispatched before the actual upload call occurs, if it will
                'progressChanged',

                // Each save results in one of these outcomes:
                'resultNoChanges', // upload wasn't attempted since there were no edits
                'resultErrors',    // upload failed due to errors
                'resultConflicts', // upload failed due to data conflicts
                'resultSuccess'    // upload completed without errors
            );

            var _isSaving = false;

            var _conflicts = [];
            var _errors = [];
            var _origChanges;

            var _discardTags = {};
            _mainFileFetcher.get('discarded')
                .then(function(d) { _discardTags = d; })
                .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });

            var uploader = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');

            uploader.isSaving = function() {
                return _isSaving;
            };

            uploader.save = function(changeset, tryAgain, checkConflicts) {
                // Guard against accidentally entering save code twice - #4641
                if (_isSaving && !tryAgain) {
                    return;
                }

                var osm = context.connection();
                if (!osm) { return; }

                // If user somehow got logged out mid-save, try to reauthenticate..
                // This can happen if they were logged in from before, but the tokens are no longer valid.
                if (!osm.authenticated()) {
                    osm.authenticate(function(err) {
                        if (!err) {
                            uploader.save(changeset, tryAgain, checkConflicts);  // continue where we left off..
                        }
                    });
                    return;
                }

                if (!_isSaving) {
                    _isSaving = true;
                    dispatch$1.call('saveStarted', this);
                }

                var history = context.history();

                _conflicts = [];
                _errors = [];

                // Store original changes, in case user wants to download them as an .osc file
                _origChanges = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));

                // First time, `history.perform` a no-op action.
                // Any conflict resolutions will be done as `history.replace`
                // Remember to pop this later if needed
                if (!tryAgain) {
                    history.perform(actionNoop());
                }

                // Attempt a fast upload.. If there are conflicts, re-enter with `checkConflicts = true`
                if (!checkConflicts) {
                    upload(changeset);

                // Do the full (slow) conflict check..
                } else {
                    performFullConflictCheck(changeset);
                }

            };


            function performFullConflictCheck(changeset) {

                var osm = context.connection();
                if (!osm) { return; }

                var history = context.history();

                var localGraph = context.graph();
                var remoteGraph = coreGraph(history.base(), true);

                var summary = history.difference().summary();
                var _toCheck = [];
                for (var i = 0; i < summary.length; i++) {
                    var item = summary[i];
                    if (item.changeType === 'modified') {
                        _toCheck.push(item.entity.id);
                    }
                }

                var _toLoad = withChildNodes(_toCheck, localGraph);
                var _loaded = {};
                var _toLoadCount = 0;
                var _toLoadTotal = _toLoad.length;

                if (_toCheck.length) {
                    dispatch$1.call('progressChanged', this, _toLoadCount, _toLoadTotal);
                    _toLoad.forEach(function(id) { _loaded[id] = false; });
                    osm.loadMultiple(_toLoad, loaded);
                } else {
                    upload(changeset);
                }

                return;

                function withChildNodes(ids, graph) {
                    var s = new Set(ids);
                    ids.forEach(function(id) {
                        var entity = graph.entity(id);
                        if (entity.type !== 'way') { return; }

                        graph.childNodes(entity).forEach(function(child) {
                            if (child.version !== undefined) {
                                s.add(child.id);
                            }
                        });
                    });

                    return Array.from(s);
                }


                // Reload modified entities into an alternate graph and check for conflicts..
                function loaded(err, result) {
                    if (_errors.length) { return; }

                    if (err) {
                        _errors.push({
                            msg: err.message || err.responseText,
                            details: [ _t('save.status_code', { code: err.status }) ]
                        });
                        didResultInErrors();

                    } else {
                        var loadMore = [];

                        result.data.forEach(function(entity) {
                            remoteGraph.replace(entity);
                            _loaded[entity.id] = true;
                            _toLoad = _toLoad.filter(function(val) { return val !== entity.id; });

                            if (!entity.visible) { return; }

                            // Because loadMultiple doesn't download /full like loadEntity,
                            // need to also load children that aren't already being checked..
                            var i, id;
                            if (entity.type === 'way') {
                                for (i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
                                    id = entity.nodes[i];
                                    if (_loaded[id] === undefined) {
                                        _loaded[id] = false;
                                        loadMore.push(id);
                                    }
                                }
                            } else if (entity.type === 'relation' && entity.isMultipolygon()) {
                                for (i = 0; i < entity.members.length; i++) {
                                    id = entity.members[i].id;
                                    if (_loaded[id] === undefined) {
                                        _loaded[id] = false;
                                        loadMore.push(id);
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        });

                        _toLoadCount += result.data.length;
                        _toLoadTotal += loadMore.length;
                        dispatch$1.call('progressChanged', this, _toLoadCount, _toLoadTotal);

                        if (loadMore.length) {
                            _toLoad.push.apply(_toLoad, loadMore);
                            osm.loadMultiple(loadMore, loaded);
                        }

                        if (!_toLoad.length) {
                            detectConflicts();
                            upload(changeset);
                        }
                    }
                }


                function detectConflicts() {
                    function choice(id, text, action) {
                        return {
                            id: id,
                            text: text,
                            action: function() {
                                history.replace(action);
                            }
                        };
                    }
                    function formatUser(d) {
                        return '<a href="' + osm.userURL(d) + '" target="_blank">' + d + '</a>';
                    }
                    function entityName(entity) {
                        return utilDisplayName(entity) || (utilDisplayType(entity.id) + ' ' + entity.id);
                    }

                    function sameVersions(local, remote) {
                        if (local.version !== remote.version) { return false; }

                        if (local.type === 'way') {
                            var children = utilArrayUnion(local.nodes, remote.nodes);
                            for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
                                var a = localGraph.hasEntity(children[i]);
                                var b = remoteGraph.hasEntity(children[i]);
                                if (a && b && a.version !== b.version) { return false; }
                            }
                        }

                        return true;
                    }

                    _toCheck.forEach(function(id) {
                        var local = localGraph.entity(id);
                        var remote = remoteGraph.entity(id);

                        if (sameVersions(local, remote)) { return; }

                        var merge = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags, formatUser);

                        history.replace(merge);

                        var mergeConflicts = merge.conflicts();
                        if (!mergeConflicts.length) { return; }  // merged safely

                        var forceLocal = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags).withOption('force_local');
                        var forceRemote = actionMergeRemoteChanges(id, localGraph, remoteGraph, _discardTags).withOption('force_remote');
                        var keepMine = _t('save.conflict.' + (remote.visible ? 'keep_local' : 'restore'));
                        var keepTheirs = _t('save.conflict.' + (remote.visible ? 'keep_remote' : 'delete'));

                        _conflicts.push({
                            id: id,
                            name: entityName(local),
                            details: mergeConflicts,
                            chosen: 1,
                            choices: [
                                choice(id, keepMine, forceLocal),
                                choice(id, keepTheirs, forceRemote)
                            ]
                        });
                    });
                }
            }


            function upload(changeset) {
                var osm = context.connection();
                if (!osm) {
                    _errors.push({ msg: 'No OSM Service' });
                }

                if (_conflicts.length) {
                    didResultInConflicts(changeset);

                } else if (_errors.length) {
                    didResultInErrors();

                } else {
                    var history = context.history();
                    var changes = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));
                    if (changes.modified.length || changes.created.length || changes.deleted.length) {

                        dispatch$1.call('willAttemptUpload', this);

                        osm.putChangeset(changeset, changes, uploadCallback);

                    } else {
                        // changes were insignificant or reverted by user
                        didResultInNoChanges();
                    }
                }
            }


            function uploadCallback(err, changeset) {
                if (err) {
                    if (err.status === 409) {  // 409 Conflict
                        uploader.save(changeset, true, true);  // tryAgain = true, checkConflicts = true
                    } else {
                        _errors.push({
                            msg: err.message || err.responseText,
                            details: [ _t('save.status_code', { code: err.status }) ]
                        });
                        didResultInErrors();
                    }

                } else {
                    didResultInSuccess(changeset);
                }
            }

            function didResultInNoChanges() {

                dispatch$1.call('resultNoChanges', this);

                endSave();

                context.flush(); // reset iD
            }

            function didResultInErrors() {

                context.history().pop();

                dispatch$1.call('resultErrors', this, _errors);

                endSave();
            }


            function didResultInConflicts(changeset) {

                _conflicts.sort(function(a, b) { return b.id.localeCompare(a.id); });

                dispatch$1.call('resultConflicts', this, changeset, _conflicts, _origChanges);

                endSave();
            }


            function didResultInSuccess(changeset) {

                // delete the edit stack cached to local storage
                context.history().clearSaved();

                dispatch$1.call('resultSuccess', this, changeset);

                // Add delay to allow for postgres replication #1646 #2678
                window.setTimeout(function() {

                    endSave();

                    context.flush(); // reset iD
                }, 2500);
            }


            function endSave() {
                _isSaving = false;

                dispatch$1.call('saveEnded', this);
            }


            uploader.cancelConflictResolution = function() {
                context.history().pop();
            };


            uploader.processResolvedConflicts = function(changeset) {
                var history = context.history();

                for (var i = 0; i < _conflicts.length; i++) {
                    if (_conflicts[i].chosen === 1) {  // user chose "use theirs"
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(_conflicts[i].id);
                        if (entity && entity.type === 'way') {
                            var children = utilArrayUniq(entity.nodes);
                            for (var j = 0; j < children.length; j++) {
                                history.replace(actionRevert(children[j]));
                            }
                        }
                        history.replace(actionRevert(_conflicts[i].id));
                    }
                }

                uploader.save(changeset, true, false);  // tryAgain = true, checkConflicts = false
            };


            uploader.reset = function() {

            };


            return uploader;
        }

        var isRetina = window.devicePixelRatio && window.devicePixelRatio >= 2;

        // listen for DPI change, e.g. when dragging a browser window from a retina to non-retina screen
        window.matchMedia("\n        (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), /* Safari */\n        (min-resolution: 2dppx),             /* standard */\n        (min-resolution: 192dpi)             /* fallback */\n    ").addListener(function() {

            isRetina = window.devicePixelRatio && window.devicePixelRatio >= 2;
        });


        function localeDateString(s) {
            if (!s) { return null; }
            var options = { day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
            var d = new Date(s);
            if (isNaN(d.getTime())) { return null; }
            return d.toLocaleDateString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
        }

        function vintageRange(vintage) {
            var s;
            if (vintage.start || vintage.end) {
                s = (vintage.start || '?');
                if (vintage.start !== vintage.end) {
                    s += ' - ' + (vintage.end || '?');
                }
            }
            return s;
        }


        function rendererBackgroundSource(data) {
            var source = Object.assign({}, data);   // shallow copy
            var _offset = [0, 0];
            var _name = source.name;
            var _description = source.description;
            var _best = !!source.best;
            var _template = source.encrypted ? utilAesDecrypt(source.template) : source.template;

            source.tileSize = data.tileSize || 256;
            source.zoomExtent = data.zoomExtent || [0, 22];
            source.overzoom = data.overzoom !== false;

            source.offset = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _offset; }
                _offset = val;
                return source;
            };


            source.nudge = function(val, zoomlevel) {
                _offset[0] += val[0] / Math.pow(2, zoomlevel);
                _offset[1] += val[1] / Math.pow(2, zoomlevel);
                return source;
            };


            source.name = function() {
                var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
                return _t('imagery.' + id_safe + '.name', { default: _name });
            };


            source.description = function() {
                var id_safe = source.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
                return _t('imagery.' + id_safe + '.description', { default: _description });
            };


            source.best = function() {
                return _best;
            };


            source.area = function() {
                if (!data.polygon) { return Number.MAX_VALUE; }  // worldwide
                var area = d3_geoArea({ type: 'MultiPolygon', coordinates: [ data.polygon ] });
                return isNaN(area) ? 0 : area;
            };


            source.imageryUsed = function() {
                return name || source.id;
            };


            source.template = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _template; }
                if (source.id === 'custom') {
                    _template = val;
                }
                return source;
            };


            source.url = function(coord) {
                var result = _template;
                if (result === '') { return result; }   // source 'none'


                // Guess a type based on the tokens present in the template
                // (This is for 'custom' source, where we don't know)
                if (!source.type) {
                    if (/SERVICE=WMS|\{(proj|wkid|bbox)\}/.test(_template)) {
                        source.type = 'wms';
                        source.projection = 'EPSG:3857';  // guess
                    } else if (/\{(x|y)\}/.test(_template)) {
                        source.type = 'tms';
                    } else if (/\{u\}/.test(_template)) {
                        source.type = 'bing';
                    }
                }


                if (source.type === 'wms') {
                    var tileToProjectedCoords = (function(x, y, z) {
                        //polyfill for IE11, PhantomJS
                        var sinh = Math.sinh || function(x) {
                            var y = Math.exp(x);
                            return (y - 1 / y) / 2;
                        };

                        var zoomSize = Math.pow(2, z);
                        var lon = x / zoomSize * Math.PI * 2 - Math.PI;
                        var lat = Math.atan(sinh(Math.PI * (1 - 2 * y / zoomSize)));

                        switch (source.projection) {
                            case 'EPSG:4326':
                                return {
                                    x: lon * 180 / Math.PI,
                                    y: lat * 180 / Math.PI
                                };
                            default: // EPSG:3857 and synonyms
                                var mercCoords = mercatorRaw(lon, lat);
                                return {
                                    x: 20037508.34 / Math.PI * mercCoords[0],
                                    y: 20037508.34 / Math.PI * mercCoords[1]
                                };
                        }
                    });

                    var tileSize = source.tileSize;
                    var projection = source.projection;
                    var minXmaxY = tileToProjectedCoords(coord[0], coord[1], coord[2]);
                    var maxXminY = tileToProjectedCoords(coord[0]+1, coord[1]+1, coord[2]);

                    result = result.replace(/\{(\w+)\}/g, function (token, key) {
                      switch (key) {
                        case 'width':
                        case 'height':
                            return tileSize;
                        case 'proj':
                            return projection;
                        case 'wkid':
                            return projection.replace(/^EPSG:/, '');
                        case 'bbox':
                            // WMS 1.3 flips x/y for some coordinate systems including EPSG:4326 - #7557
                            if (projection === 'EPSG:4326' &&
                                // The CRS parameter implies version 1.3 (prior versions use SRS)
                                /VERSION=1.3|CRS={proj}/.test(source.template())) {
                                return maxXminY.y + ',' + minXmaxY.x + ',' + minXmaxY.y + ',' + maxXminY.x;
                            } else {
                                return minXmaxY.x + ',' + maxXminY.y + ',' + maxXminY.x + ',' + minXmaxY.y;
                            }
                        case 'w':
                            return minXmaxY.x;
                        case 's':
                            return maxXminY.y;
                        case 'n':
                            return maxXminY.x;
                        case 'e':
                            return minXmaxY.y;
                        default:
                            return token;
                      }
                    });

                } else if (source.type === 'tms') {
                    result = result
                        .replace('{x}', coord[0])
                        .replace('{y}', coord[1])
                        // TMS-flipped y coordinate
                        .replace(/\{[t-]y\}/, Math.pow(2, coord[2]) - coord[1] - 1)
                        .replace(/\{z(oom)?\}/, coord[2])
                        // only fetch retina tiles for retina screens
                        .replace(/\{@2x\}|\{r\}/, isRetina ? '@2x' : '');

                } else if (source.type === 'bing') {
                    result = result
                        .replace('{u}', function() {
                            var u = '';
                            for (var zoom = coord[2]; zoom > 0; zoom--) {
                                var b = 0;
                                var mask = 1 << (zoom - 1);
                                if ((coord[0] & mask) !== 0) { b++; }
                                if ((coord[1] & mask) !== 0) { b += 2; }
                                u += b.toString();
                            }
                            return u;
                        });
                }

                // these apply to any type..
                result = result.replace(/\{switch:([^}]+)\}/, function(s, r) {
                    var subdomains = r.split(',');
                    return subdomains[(coord[0] + coord[1]) % subdomains.length];
                });


                return result;
            };


            source.validZoom = function(z) {
                return source.zoomExtent[0] <= z &&
                    (source.overzoom || source.zoomExtent[1] > z);
            };


            source.isLocatorOverlay = function() {
                return source.id === 'mapbox_locator_overlay';
            };


            /* hides a source from the list, but leaves it available for use */
            source.isHidden = function() {
                return source.id === 'DigitalGlobe-Premium-vintage' ||
                    source.id === 'DigitalGlobe-Standard-vintage';
            };


            source.copyrightNotices = function() {};


            source.getMetadata = function(center, tileCoord, callback) {
                var vintage = {
                    start: localeDateString(source.startDate),
                    end: localeDateString(source.endDate)
                };
                vintage.range = vintageRange(vintage);

                var metadata = { vintage: vintage };
                callback(null, metadata);
            };


            return source;
        }


        rendererBackgroundSource.Bing = function(data, dispatch) {
            // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff701716.aspx
            // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff701701.aspx

            data.template = 'https://ecn.t{switch:0,1,2,3}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{u}.jpeg?g=587&mkt=en-gb&n=z';

            var bing = rendererBackgroundSource(data);
            // var key = 'Arzdiw4nlOJzRwOz__qailc8NiR31Tt51dN2D7cm57NrnceZnCpgOkmJhNpGoppU'; // P2, JOSM, etc
            var key = 'Ak5oTE46TUbjRp08OFVcGpkARErDobfpuyNKa-W2mQ8wbt1K1KL8p1bIRwWwcF-Q';    // iD


            var url = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Metadata/Aerial?include=ImageryProviders&key=' + key;
            var cache = {};
            var inflight = {};
            var providers = [];

            d3_json(url)
                .then(function(json) {
                    providers = json.resourceSets[0].resources[0].imageryProviders.map(function(provider) {
                        return {
                            attribution: provider.attribution,
                            areas: provider.coverageAreas.map(function(area) {
                                return {
                                    zoom: [area.zoomMin, area.zoomMax],
                                    extent: geoExtent([area.bbox[1], area.bbox[0]], [area.bbox[3], area.bbox[2]])
                                };
                            })
                        };
                    });
                    dispatch.call('change');
                })
                .catch(function() {
                    /* ignore */
                });


            bing.copyrightNotices = function(zoom, extent) {
                zoom = Math.min(zoom, 21);
                return providers.filter(function(provider) {
                    return provider.areas.some(function(area) {
                        return extent.intersects(area.extent) &&
                            area.zoom[0] <= zoom &&
                            area.zoom[1] >= zoom;
                    });
                }).map(function(provider) {
                    return provider.attribution;
                }).join(', ');
            };


            bing.getMetadata = function(center, tileCoord, callback) {
                var tileID = tileCoord.slice(0, 3).join('/');
                var zoom = Math.min(tileCoord[2], 21);
                var centerPoint = center[1] + ',' + center[0];  // lat,lng
                var url = 'https://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Imagery/Metadata/Aerial/' + centerPoint +
                        '?zl=' + zoom + '&key=' + key;

                if (inflight[tileID]) { return; }

                if (!cache[tileID]) {
                    cache[tileID] = {};
                }
                if (cache[tileID] && cache[tileID].metadata) {
                    return callback(null, cache[tileID].metadata);
                }

                inflight[tileID] = true;
                d3_json(url)
                    .then(function(result) {
                        delete inflight[tileID];
                        if (!result) {
                            throw new Error('Unknown Error');
                        }
                        var vintage = {
                            start: localeDateString(result.resourceSets[0].resources[0].vintageStart),
                            end: localeDateString(result.resourceSets[0].resources[0].vintageEnd)
                        };
                        vintage.range = vintageRange(vintage);

                        var metadata = { vintage: vintage };
                        cache[tileID].metadata = metadata;
                        if (callback) { callback(null, metadata); }
                    })
                    .catch(function(err) {
                        delete inflight[tileID];
                        if (callback) { callback(err.message); }
                    });
            };


            bing.terms_url = 'https://blog.openstreetmap.org/2010/11/30/microsoft-imagery-details';


            return bing;
        };



        rendererBackgroundSource.Esri = function(data) {
            // in addition to using the tilemap at zoom level 20, overzoom real tiles - #4327 (deprecated technique, but it works)
            if (data.template.match(/blankTile/) === null) {
                data.template = data.template + '?blankTile=false';
            }

            var esri = rendererBackgroundSource(data);
            var cache = {};
            var inflight = {};
            var _prevCenter;

            // use a tilemap service to set maximum zoom for esri tiles dynamically
            // https://developers.arcgis.com/documentation/tiled-elevation-service/
            esri.fetchTilemap = function(center) {
                // skip if we have already fetched a tilemap within 5km
                if (_prevCenter && geoSphericalDistance(center, _prevCenter) < 5000) { return; }
                _prevCenter = center;

                // tiles are available globally to zoom level 19, afterward they may or may not be present
                var z = 20;

                // first generate a random url using the template
                var dummyUrl = esri.url([1,2,3]);

                // calculate url z/y/x from the lat/long of the center of the map
                var x = (Math.floor((center[0] + 180) / 360 * Math.pow(2, z)));
                var y = (Math.floor((1 - Math.log(Math.tan(center[1] * Math.PI / 180) + 1 / Math.cos(center[1] * Math.PI / 180)) / Math.PI) / 2 * Math.pow(2, z)));

                // fetch an 8x8 grid to leverage cache
                var tilemapUrl = dummyUrl.replace(/tile\/[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\?blankTile=false/, 'tilemap') + '/' + z + '/' + y + '/' + x + '/8/8';

                // make the request and introspect the response from the tilemap server
                d3_json(tilemapUrl)
                    .then(function(tilemap) {
                        if (!tilemap) {
                            throw new Error('Unknown Error');
                        }
                        var hasTiles = true;
                        for (var i = 0; i < tilemap.data.length; i++) {
                            // 0 means an individual tile in the grid doesn't exist
                            if (!tilemap.data[i]) {
                                hasTiles = false;
                                break;
                            }
                        }

                        // if any tiles are missing at level 20 we restrict maxZoom to 19
                        esri.zoomExtent[1] = (hasTiles ? 22 : 19);
                    })
                    .catch(function() {
                        /* ignore */
                    });
            };


            esri.getMetadata = function(center, tileCoord, callback) {
                var tileID = tileCoord.slice(0, 3).join('/');
                var zoom = Math.min(tileCoord[2], esri.zoomExtent[1]);
                var centerPoint = center[0] + ',' + center[1];  // long, lat (as it should be)
                var unknown = _t('info_panels.background.unknown');
                var metadataLayer;
                var vintage = {};
                var metadata = {};

                if (inflight[tileID]) { return; }

                switch (true) {
                    case (zoom >= 20 && esri.id === 'EsriWorldImageryClarity'):
                        metadataLayer = 4;
                        break;
                    case zoom >= 19:
                        metadataLayer = 3;
                        break;
                    case zoom >= 17:
                        metadataLayer = 2;
                        break;
                    case zoom >= 13:
                        metadataLayer = 0;
                        break;
                    default:
                        metadataLayer = 99;
                }

                var url;
                // build up query using the layer appropriate to the current zoom
                if (esri.id === 'EsriWorldImagery') {
                    url = 'https://services.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/World_Imagery/MapServer/';
                } else if (esri.id === 'EsriWorldImageryClarity') {
                    url = 'https://serviceslab.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/rest/services/Clarity_World_Imagery/MapServer/';
                }

                url += metadataLayer + '/query?returnGeometry=false&geometry=' + centerPoint + '&inSR=4326&geometryType=esriGeometryPoint&outFields=*&f=json';

                if (!cache[tileID]) {
                    cache[tileID] = {};
                }
                if (cache[tileID] && cache[tileID].metadata) {
                    return callback(null, cache[tileID].metadata);
                }

                // accurate metadata is only available >= 13
                if (metadataLayer === 99) {
                    vintage = {
                        start: null,
                        end: null,
                        range: null
                    };
                    metadata = {
                        vintage: null,
                        source: unknown,
                        description: unknown,
                        resolution: unknown,
                        accuracy: unknown
                    };

                    callback(null, metadata);

                } else {
                    inflight[tileID] = true;
                    d3_json(url)
                        .then(function(result) {
                            delete inflight[tileID];
                            if (!result) {
                                throw new Error('Unknown Error');
                            } else if (result.features && result.features.length < 1) {
                                throw new Error('No Results');
                            } else if (result.error && result.error.message) {
                                throw new Error(result.error.message);
                            }

                            // pass through the discrete capture date from metadata
                            var captureDate = localeDateString(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_DATE2);
                            vintage = {
                                start: captureDate,
                                end: captureDate,
                                range: captureDate
                            };
                            metadata = {
                                vintage: vintage,
                                source: clean(result.features[0].attributes.NICE_NAME),
                                description: clean(result.features[0].attributes.NICE_DESC),
                                resolution: clean(+parseFloat(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_RES).toFixed(4)),
                                accuracy: clean(+parseFloat(result.features[0].attributes.SRC_ACC).toFixed(4))
                            };

                            // append units - meters
                            if (isFinite(metadata.resolution)) {
                                metadata.resolution += ' m';
                            }
                            if (isFinite(metadata.accuracy)) {
                                metadata.accuracy += ' m';
                            }

                            cache[tileID].metadata = metadata;
                            if (callback) { callback(null, metadata); }
                        })
                        .catch(function(err) {
                            delete inflight[tileID];
                            if (callback) { callback(err.message); }
                        });
                }


                function clean(val) {
                    return String(val).trim() || unknown;
                }
            };

            return esri;
        };


        rendererBackgroundSource.None = function() {
            var source = rendererBackgroundSource({ id: 'none', template: '' });


            source.name = function() {
                return _t('background.none');
            };


            source.imageryUsed = function() {
                return null;
            };


            source.area = function() {
                return -1;  // sources in background pane are sorted by area
            };


            return source;
        };


        rendererBackgroundSource.Custom = function(template) {
            var source = rendererBackgroundSource({ id: 'custom', template: template });


            source.name = function() {
                return _t('background.custom');
            };


            source.imageryUsed = function() {
                // sanitize personal connection tokens - #6801
                var cleaned = source.template();

                // from query string parameters
                if (cleaned.indexOf('?') !== -1) {
                    var parts = cleaned.split('?', 2);
                    var qs = utilStringQs(parts[1]);

                    ['access_token', 'connectId', 'token'].forEach(function(param) {
                        if (qs[param]) {
                            qs[param] = '{apikey}';
                        }
                    });
                    cleaned = parts[0] + '?' + utilQsString(qs, true);  // true = soft encode
                }

                // from wms/wmts api path parameters
                cleaned = cleaned.replace(/token\/(\w+)/, 'token/{apikey}');

                return 'Custom (' + cleaned + ' )';
            };


            source.area = function() {
                return -2;  // sources in background pane are sorted by area
            };


            return source;
        };

        function rendererTileLayer(context) {
            var transformProp = utilPrefixCSSProperty('Transform');
            var tiler = utilTiler();

            var _tileSize = 256;
            var _projection;
            var _cache = {};
            var _tileOrigin;
            var _zoom;
            var _source;


            function tileSizeAtZoom(d, z) {
                var EPSILON = 0.002;    // close seams
                return ((_tileSize * Math.pow(2, z - d[2])) / _tileSize) + EPSILON;
            }


            function atZoom(t, distance) {
                var power = Math.pow(2, distance);
                return [
                    Math.floor(t[0] * power),
                    Math.floor(t[1] * power),
                    t[2] + distance
                ];
            }


            function lookUp(d) {
                for (var up = -1; up > -d[2]; up--) {
                    var tile = atZoom(d, up);
                    if (_cache[_source.url(tile)] !== false) {
                        return tile;
                    }
                }
            }


            function uniqueBy(a, n) {
                var o = [];
                var seen = {};
                for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
                    if (seen[a[i][n]] === undefined) {
                        o.push(a[i]);
                        seen[a[i][n]] = true;
                    }
                }
                return o;
            }


            function addSource(d) {
                d.push(_source.url(d));
                return d;
            }


            // Update tiles based on current state of `projection`.
            function background(selection) {
                _zoom = geoScaleToZoom(_projection.scale(), _tileSize);

                var pixelOffset;
                if (_source) {
                    pixelOffset = [
                        _source.offset()[0] * Math.pow(2, _zoom),
                        _source.offset()[1] * Math.pow(2, _zoom)
                    ];
                } else {
                    pixelOffset = [0, 0];
                }

                var translate = [
                    _projection.translate()[0] + pixelOffset[0],
                    _projection.translate()[1] + pixelOffset[1]
                ];

                tiler
                    .scale(_projection.scale() * 2 * Math.PI)
                    .translate(translate);

                _tileOrigin = [
                    _projection.scale() * Math.PI - translate[0],
                    _projection.scale() * Math.PI - translate[1]
                ];

                render(selection);
            }


            // Derive the tiles onscreen, remove those offscreen and position them.
            // Important that this part not depend on `_projection` because it's
            // rentered when tiles load/error (see #644).
            function render(selection) {
                if (!_source) { return; }
                var requests = [];
                var showDebug = context.getDebug('tile') && !_source.overlay;

                if (_source.validZoom(_zoom)) {
                    tiler.skipNullIsland(!!_source.overlay);

                    tiler().forEach(function(d) {
                        addSource(d);
                        if (d[3] === '') { return; }
                        if (typeof d[3] !== 'string') { return; } // Workaround for #2295
                        requests.push(d);
                        if (_cache[d[3]] === false && lookUp(d)) {
                            requests.push(addSource(lookUp(d)));
                        }
                    });

                    requests = uniqueBy(requests, 3).filter(function(r) {
                        // don't re-request tiles which have failed in the past
                        return _cache[r[3]] !== false;
                    });
                }

                function load(d) {
                    _cache[d[3]] = true;
                    select(this)
                        .on('error', null)
                        .on('load', null)
                        .classed('tile-loaded', true);
                    render(selection);
                }

                function error(d) {
                    _cache[d[3]] = false;
                    select(this)
                        .on('error', null)
                        .on('load', null)
                        .remove();
                    render(selection);
                }

                function imageTransform(d) {
                    var ts = _tileSize * Math.pow(2, _zoom - d[2]);
                    var scale = tileSizeAtZoom(d, _zoom);
                    return 'translate(' +
                        ((d[0] * ts) - _tileOrigin[0]) + 'px,' +
                        ((d[1] * ts) - _tileOrigin[1]) + 'px) ' +
                        'scale(' + scale + ',' + scale + ')';
                }

                function tileCenter(d) {
                    var ts = _tileSize * Math.pow(2, _zoom - d[2]);
                    return [
                        ((d[0] * ts) - _tileOrigin[0] + (ts / 2)),
                        ((d[1] * ts) - _tileOrigin[1] + (ts / 2))
                    ];
                }

                function debugTransform(d) {
                    var coord = tileCenter(d);
                    return 'translate(' + coord[0] + 'px,' + coord[1] + 'px)';
                }


                // Pick a representative tile near the center of the viewport
                // (This is useful for sampling the imagery vintage)
                var dims = tiler.size();
                var mapCenter = [dims[0] / 2, dims[1] / 2];
                var minDist = Math.max(dims[0], dims[1]);
                var nearCenter;

                requests.forEach(function(d) {
                    var c = tileCenter(d);
                    var dist = geoVecLength(c, mapCenter);
                    if (dist < minDist) {
                        minDist = dist;
                        nearCenter = d;
                    }
                });


                var image = selection.selectAll('img')
                    .data(requests, function(d) { return d[3]; });

                image.exit()
                    .style(transformProp, imageTransform)
                    .classed('tile-removing', true)
                    .classed('tile-center', false)
                    .each(function() {
                        var tile = select(this);
                        window.setTimeout(function() {
                            if (tile.classed('tile-removing')) {
                                tile.remove();
                            }
                        }, 300);
                    });

                image.enter()
                  .append('img')
                    .attr('class', 'tile')
                    .attr('draggable', 'false')
                    .style('width', _tileSize + 'px')
                    .style('height', _tileSize + 'px')
                    .attr('src', function(d) { return d[3]; })
                    .on('error', error)
                    .on('load', load)
                  .merge(image)
                    .style(transformProp, imageTransform)
                    .classed('tile-debug', showDebug)
                    .classed('tile-removing', false)
                    .classed('tile-center', function(d) { return d === nearCenter; });



                var debug = selection.selectAll('.tile-label-debug')
                    .data(showDebug ? requests : [], function(d) { return d[3]; });

                debug.exit()
                    .remove();

                if (showDebug) {
                    var debugEnter = debug.enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'tile-label-debug');

                    debugEnter
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'tile-label-debug-coord');

                    debugEnter
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'tile-label-debug-vintage');

                    debug = debug.merge(debugEnter);

                    debug
                        .style(transformProp, debugTransform);

                    debug
                        .selectAll('.tile-label-debug-coord')
                        .text(function(d) { return d[2] + ' / ' + d[0] + ' / ' + d[1]; });

                    debug
                        .selectAll('.tile-label-debug-vintage')
                        .each(function(d) {
                            var span = select(this);
                            var center = context.projection.invert(tileCenter(d));
                            _source.getMetadata(center, d, function(err, result) {
                                span.text((result && result.vintage && result.vintage.range) ||
                                    _t('info_panels.background.vintage') + ': ' + _t('info_panels.background.unknown')
                                );
                            });
                        });
                }

            }


            background.projection = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _projection; }
                _projection = val;
                return background;
            };


            background.dimensions = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return tiler.size(); }
                tiler.size(val);
                return background;
            };


            background.source = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _source; }
                _source = val;
                _tileSize = _source.tileSize;
                _cache = {};
                tiler.tileSize(_source.tileSize).zoomExtent(_source.zoomExtent);
                return background;
            };


            return background;
        }

        var _imageryIndex = null;

        function rendererBackground(context) {
          var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
          var detected = utilDetect();
          var baseLayer = rendererTileLayer(context).projection(context.projection);
          var _isValid = true;
          var _overlayLayers = [];
          var _brightness = 1;
          var _contrast = 1;
          var _saturation = 1;
          var _sharpness = 1;


          function ensureImageryIndex() {
            return _mainFileFetcher.get('imagery')
              .then(function (sources) {
                if (_imageryIndex) { return _imageryIndex; }

                _imageryIndex = {
                  imagery: sources,
                  features: {}
                };

                // use which-polygon to support efficient index and querying for imagery
                var features = sources.map(function (source) {
                  if (!source.polygon) { return null; }
                  // workaround for editor-layer-index weirdness..
                  // Add an extra array nest to each element in `source.polygon`
                  // so the rings are not treated as a bunch of holes:
                  // what we have: [ [[outer],[hole],[hole]] ]
                  // what we want: [ [[outer]],[[outer]],[[outer]] ]
                  var rings = source.polygon.map(function (ring) { return [ring]; });

                  var feature = {
                    type: 'Feature',
                    properties: { id: source.id },
                    geometry: { type: 'MultiPolygon', coordinates: rings }
                  };

                  _imageryIndex.features[source.id] = feature;
                  return feature;

                }).filter(Boolean);

                _imageryIndex.query = whichPolygon_1({ type: 'FeatureCollection', features: features });


                // Instantiate `rendererBackgroundSource` objects for each source
                _imageryIndex.backgrounds = sources.map(function (source) {
                  if (source.type === 'bing') {
                    return rendererBackgroundSource.Bing(source, dispatch$1);
                  } else if (/^EsriWorldImagery/.test(source.id)) {
                    return rendererBackgroundSource.Esri(source);
                  } else {
                    return rendererBackgroundSource(source);
                  }
                });

                // Add 'None'
                _imageryIndex.backgrounds.unshift(rendererBackgroundSource.None());

                // Add 'Custom'
                var template = corePreferences('background-custom-template') || '';
                var custom = rendererBackgroundSource.Custom(template);
                _imageryIndex.backgrounds.unshift(custom);

                return _imageryIndex;
              });
          }


          function background(selection) {
            var currSource = baseLayer.source();

            // If we are displaying an Esri basemap at high zoom,
            // check its tilemap to see how high the zoom can go
            if (context.map().zoom() > 18) {
              if (currSource && /^EsriWorldImagery/.test(currSource.id)) {
                var center = context.map().center();
                currSource.fetchTilemap(center);
              }
            }

            // Is the imagery valid here? - #4827
            var sources = background.sources(context.map().extent());
            var wasValid = _isValid;
            _isValid = !!sources.filter(function (d) { return d === currSource; }).length;

            if (wasValid !== _isValid) {      // change in valid status
              background.updateImagery();
            }


            var baseFilter = '';
            if (detected.cssfilters) {
              if (_brightness !== 1) {
                baseFilter += " brightness(" + _brightness + ")";
              }
              if (_contrast !== 1) {
                baseFilter += " contrast(" + _contrast + ")";
              }
              if (_saturation !== 1) {
                baseFilter += " saturate(" + _saturation + ")";
              }
              if (_sharpness < 1) {  // gaussian blur
                var blur = d3_interpolateNumber(0.5, 5)(1 - _sharpness);
                baseFilter += " blur(" + blur + "px)";
              }
            }

            var base = selection.selectAll('.layer-background')
              .data([0]);

            base = base.enter()
              .insert('div', '.layer-data')
              .attr('class', 'layer layer-background')
              .merge(base);

            if (detected.cssfilters) {
              base.style('filter', baseFilter || null);
            } else {
              base.style('opacity', _brightness);
            }


            var imagery = base.selectAll('.layer-imagery')
              .data([0]);

            imagery.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'layer layer-imagery')
              .merge(imagery)
              .call(baseLayer);


            var maskFilter = '';
            var mixBlendMode = '';
            if (detected.cssfilters && _sharpness > 1) {  // apply unsharp mask
              mixBlendMode = 'overlay';
              maskFilter = 'saturate(0) blur(3px) invert(1)';

              var contrast = _sharpness - 1;
              maskFilter += " contrast(" + contrast + ")";

              var brightness = d3_interpolateNumber(1, 0.85)(_sharpness - 1);
              maskFilter += " brightness(" + brightness + ")";
            }

            var mask = base.selectAll('.layer-unsharp-mask')
              .data(detected.cssfilters && _sharpness > 1 ? [0] : []);

            mask.exit()
              .remove();

            mask.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'layer layer-mask layer-unsharp-mask')
              .merge(mask)
              .call(baseLayer)
              .style('filter', maskFilter || null)
              .style('mix-blend-mode', mixBlendMode || null);


            var overlays = selection.selectAll('.layer-overlay')
              .data(_overlayLayers, function (d) { return d.source().name(); });

            overlays.exit()
              .remove();

            overlays.enter()
              .insert('div', '.layer-data')
              .attr('class', 'layer layer-overlay')
              .merge(overlays)
              .each(function (layer, i, nodes) { return select(nodes[i]).call(layer); });
          }


          background.updateImagery = function() {
            var currSource = baseLayer.source();
            if (context.inIntro() || !currSource) { return; }

            var o = _overlayLayers
              .filter(function (d) { return !d.source().isLocatorOverlay() && !d.source().isHidden(); })
              .map(function (d) { return d.source().id; })
              .join(',');

            var meters = geoOffsetToMeters(currSource.offset());
            var EPSILON = 0.01;
            var x = +meters[0].toFixed(2);
            var y = +meters[1].toFixed(2);
            var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);

            var id = currSource.id;
            if (id === 'custom') {
              id = "custom:" + (currSource.template());
            }

            if (id) {
              hash.background = id;
            } else {
              delete hash.background;
            }

            if (o) {
              hash.overlays = o;
            } else {
              delete hash.overlays;
            }

            if (Math.abs(x) > EPSILON || Math.abs(y) > EPSILON) {
              hash.offset = x + "," + y;
            } else {
              delete hash.offset;
            }

            if (!window.mocha) {
              window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
            }

            var imageryUsed = [];
            var photoOverlaysUsed = [];

            var currUsed = currSource.imageryUsed();
            if (currUsed && _isValid) {
              imageryUsed.push(currUsed);
            }

            _overlayLayers
              .filter(function (d) { return !d.source().isLocatorOverlay() && !d.source().isHidden(); })
              .forEach(function (d) { return imageryUsed.push(d.source().imageryUsed()); });

            var dataLayer = context.layers().layer('data');
            if (dataLayer && dataLayer.enabled() && dataLayer.hasData()) {
              imageryUsed.push(dataLayer.getSrc());
            }

            var photoOverlayLayers = {
              streetside: 'Bing Streetside',
              mapillary: 'Mapillary Images',
              'mapillary-map-features': 'Mapillary Map Features',
              'mapillary-signs': 'Mapillary Signs',
              openstreetcam: 'OpenStreetCam Images'
            };

            for (var layerID in photoOverlayLayers) {
              var layer = context.layers().layer(layerID);
              if (layer && layer.enabled()) {
                photoOverlaysUsed.push(layerID);
                imageryUsed.push(photoOverlayLayers[layerID]);
              }
            }

            context.history().imageryUsed(imageryUsed);
            context.history().photoOverlaysUsed(photoOverlaysUsed);
          };

          var _checkedBlocklists;

          background.sources = function (extent, zoom, includeCurrent) {
            if (!_imageryIndex) { return []; }   // called before init()?

            var visible = {};
            (_imageryIndex.query.bbox(extent.rectangle(), true) || [])
              .forEach(function (d) { return visible[d.id] = true; });

            var currSource = baseLayer.source();

            var osm = context.connection();
            var blocklists = osm && osm.imageryBlocklists();

            if (blocklists && blocklists !== _checkedBlocklists) {
              _imageryIndex.backgrounds.forEach(function (source) {
                source.isBlocked = blocklists.some(function(blocklist) {
                  return blocklist.test(source.template());
                });
              });
              _checkedBlocklists = blocklists;
            }

            return _imageryIndex.backgrounds.filter(function (source) {
              if (includeCurrent && currSource === source) { return true; }  // optionally always include the current imagery
              if (source.isBlocked) { return false; }                        // even bundled sources may be blocked - #7905
              if (!source.polygon) { return true; }                          // always include imagery with worldwide coverage
              if (zoom && zoom < 6) { return false; }                        // optionally exclude local imagery at low zooms
              return visible[source.id];                                 // include imagery visible in given extent
            });
          };


          background.dimensions = function (val) {
            if (!val) { return; }
            baseLayer.dimensions(val);
            _overlayLayers.forEach(function (layer) { return layer.dimensions(val); });
          };


          background.baseLayerSource = function(d) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return baseLayer.source(); }

            // test source against OSM imagery blocklists..
            var osm = context.connection();
            if (!osm) { return background; }

            var blocklists = osm.imageryBlocklists();
            var template = d.template();
            var fail = false;
            var tested = 0;
            var regex;

            for (var i = 0; i < blocklists.length; i++) {
              regex = blocklists[i];
              fail = regex.test(template);
              tested++;
              if (fail) { break; }
            }

            // ensure at least one test was run.
            if (!tested) {
              regex = /.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/;
              fail = regex.test(template);
            }

            baseLayer.source(!fail ? d : background.findSource('none'));
            dispatch$1.call('change');
            background.updateImagery();
            return background;
          };


          background.findSource = function (id) {
            if (!id || !_imageryIndex) { return null; }   // called before init()?
            return _imageryIndex.backgrounds.find(function (d) { return d.id && d.id === id; });
          };


          background.bing = function () {
            background.baseLayerSource(background.findSource('Bing'));
          };


          background.showsLayer = function (d) {
            var currSource = baseLayer.source();
            if (!d || !currSource) { return false; }
            return d.id === currSource.id || _overlayLayers.some(function (layer) { return d.id === layer.source().id; });
          };


          background.overlayLayerSources = function () {
            return _overlayLayers.map(function (layer) { return layer.source(); });
          };


          background.toggleOverlayLayer = function (d) {
            var layer;
            for (var i = 0; i < _overlayLayers.length; i++) {
              layer = _overlayLayers[i];
              if (layer.source() === d) {
                _overlayLayers.splice(i, 1);
                dispatch$1.call('change');
                background.updateImagery();
                return;
              }
            }

            layer = rendererTileLayer(context)
              .source(d)
              .projection(context.projection)
              .dimensions(baseLayer.dimensions()
            );

            _overlayLayers.push(layer);
            dispatch$1.call('change');
            background.updateImagery();
          };


          background.nudge = function (d, zoom) {
            var currSource = baseLayer.source();
            if (currSource) {
              currSource.nudge(d, zoom);
              dispatch$1.call('change');
              background.updateImagery();
            }
            return background;
          };


          background.offset = function(d) {
            var currSource = baseLayer.source();
            if (!arguments.length) {
              return (currSource && currSource.offset()) || [0, 0];
            }
            if (currSource) {
              currSource.offset(d);
              dispatch$1.call('change');
              background.updateImagery();
            }
            return background;
          };


          background.brightness = function(d) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _brightness; }
            _brightness = d;
            if (context.mode()) { dispatch$1.call('change'); }
            return background;
          };


          background.contrast = function(d) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _contrast; }
            _contrast = d;
            if (context.mode()) { dispatch$1.call('change'); }
            return background;
          };


          background.saturation = function(d) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _saturation; }
            _saturation = d;
            if (context.mode()) { dispatch$1.call('change'); }
            return background;
          };


          background.sharpness = function(d) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _sharpness; }
            _sharpness = d;
            if (context.mode()) { dispatch$1.call('change'); }
            return background;
          };

          var _loadPromise;

          background.ensureLoaded = function () {

            if (_loadPromise) { return _loadPromise; }

            function parseMapParams(qmap) {
              if (!qmap) { return false; }
              var params = qmap.split('/').map(Number);
              if (params.length < 3 || params.some(isNaN)) { return false; }
              return geoExtent([params[2], params[1]]);  // lon,lat
            }

            var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
            var requested = hash.background || hash.layer;
            var extent = parseMapParams(hash.map);

            return _loadPromise = ensureImageryIndex()
              .then(function (imageryIndex) {
                var first = imageryIndex.backgrounds.length && imageryIndex.backgrounds[0];

                var best;
                if (!requested && extent) {
                  best = background.sources(extent).find(function (s) { return s.best(); });
                }

                // Decide which background layer to display
                if (requested && requested.indexOf('custom:') === 0) {
                  var template = requested.replace(/^custom:/, '');
                  var custom = background.findSource('custom');
                  background.baseLayerSource(custom.template(template));
                  corePreferences('background-custom-template', template);
                } else {
                  background.baseLayerSource(
                    background.findSource(requested) ||
                    best ||
                    background.findSource(corePreferences('background-last-used')) ||
                    background.findSource('Bing') ||
                    first ||
                    background.findSource('none')
                  );
                }

                var locator = imageryIndex.backgrounds.find(function (d) { return d.overlay && d.default; });
                if (locator) {
                  background.toggleOverlayLayer(locator);
                }

                var overlays = (hash.overlays || '').split(',');
                overlays.forEach(function (overlay) {
                  overlay = background.findSource(overlay);
                  if (overlay) {
                    background.toggleOverlayLayer(overlay);
                  }
                });

                if (hash.gpx) {
                  var gpx = context.layers().layer('data');
                  if (gpx) {
                    gpx.url(hash.gpx, '.gpx');
                  }
                }

                if (hash.offset) {
                  var offset = hash.offset
                    .replace(/;/g, ',')
                    .split(',')
                    .map(function (n) { return !isNaN(n) && n; });

                  if (offset.length === 2) {
                    background.offset(geoMetersToOffset(offset));
                  }
                }
              })
              .catch(function () { /* ignore */ });
          };


          return utilRebind(background, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function rendererFeatures(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'redraw');
            var features = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');
            var _deferred = new Set();

            var traffic_roads = {
                'motorway': true,
                'motorway_link': true,
                'trunk': true,
                'trunk_link': true,
                'primary': true,
                'primary_link': true,
                'secondary': true,
                'secondary_link': true,
                'tertiary': true,
                'tertiary_link': true,
                'residential': true,
                'unclassified': true,
                'living_street': true
            };

            var service_roads = {
                'service': true,
                'road': true,
                'track': true
            };

            var paths = {
                'path': true,
                'footway': true,
                'cycleway': true,
                'bridleway': true,
                'steps': true,
                'pedestrian': true
            };

            var past_futures = {
                'proposed': true,
                'construction': true,
                'abandoned': true,
                'dismantled': true,
                'disused': true,
                'razed': true,
                'demolished': true,
                'obliterated': true
            };

            var _cullFactor = 1;
            var _cache = {};
            var _rules = {};
            var _stats = {};
            var _keys = [];
            var _hidden = [];
            var _forceVisible = {};


            function update() {
                if (!window.mocha) {
                    var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
                    var disabled = features.disabled();
                    if (disabled.length) {
                        hash.disable_features = disabled.join(',');
                    } else {
                        delete hash.disable_features;
                    }
                    window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
                    corePreferences('disabled-features', disabled.join(','));
                }
                _hidden = features.hidden();
                dispatch$1.call('change');
                dispatch$1.call('redraw');
            }


            function defineRule(k, filter, max) {
                var isEnabled = true;

                _keys.push(k);
                _rules[k] = {
                    filter: filter,
                    enabled: isEnabled,   // whether the user wants it enabled..
                    count: 0,
                    currentMax: (max || Infinity),
                    defaultMax: (max || Infinity),
                    enable: function() { this.enabled = true; this.currentMax = this.defaultMax; },
                    disable: function() { this.enabled = false; this.currentMax = 0; },
                    hidden: function() {
                        return (this.count === 0 && !this.enabled) ||
                            this.count > this.currentMax * _cullFactor;
                    },
                    autoHidden: function() { return this.hidden() && this.currentMax > 0; }
                };
            }


            defineRule('points', function isPoint(tags, geometry) {
                return geometry === 'point';
            }, 200);

            defineRule('traffic_roads', function isTrafficRoad(tags) {
                return traffic_roads[tags.highway];
            });

            defineRule('service_roads', function isServiceRoad(tags) {
                return service_roads[tags.highway];
            });

            defineRule('paths', function isPath(tags) {
                return paths[tags.highway];
            });

            defineRule('buildings', function isBuilding(tags) {
                return (
                    (!!tags.building && tags.building !== 'no') ||
                    tags.parking === 'multi-storey' ||
                    tags.parking === 'sheds' ||
                    tags.parking === 'carports' ||
                    tags.parking === 'garage_boxes'
                );
            }, 250);

            defineRule('building_parts', function isBuildingPart(tags) {
                return tags['building:part'];
            });

            defineRule('indoor', function isIndoor(tags) {
                return tags.indoor;
            });

            defineRule('landuse', function isLanduse(tags, geometry) {
                return geometry === 'area' &&
                    !_rules.buildings.filter(tags) &&
                    !_rules.building_parts.filter(tags) &&
                    !_rules.indoor.filter(tags) &&
                    !_rules.water.filter(tags) &&
                    !_rules.pistes.filter(tags);
            });

            defineRule('boundaries', function isBoundary(tags) {
                return (
                    !!tags.boundary
                ) && !(
                    traffic_roads[tags.highway] ||
                    service_roads[tags.highway] ||
                    paths[tags.highway] ||
                    tags.waterway ||
                    tags.railway ||
                    tags.landuse ||
                    tags.natural ||
                    tags.building ||
                    tags.power
                );
            });

            defineRule('water', function isWater(tags) {
                return (
                    !!tags.waterway ||
                    tags.natural === 'water' ||
                    tags.natural === 'coastline' ||
                    tags.natural === 'bay' ||
                    tags.landuse === 'pond' ||
                    tags.landuse === 'basin' ||
                    tags.landuse === 'reservoir' ||
                    tags.landuse === 'salt_pond'
                );
            });

            defineRule('rail', function isRail(tags) {
                return (
                    !!tags.railway ||
                    tags.landuse === 'railway'
                ) && !(
                    traffic_roads[tags.highway] ||
                    service_roads[tags.highway] ||
                    paths[tags.highway]
                );
            });

            defineRule('pistes', function isPiste(tags) {
                return tags['piste:type'];
            });

            defineRule('aerialways', function isPiste(tags) {
                return tags.aerialway &&
                    tags.aerialway !== 'yes' &&
                    tags.aerialway !== 'station';
            });

            defineRule('power', function isPower(tags) {
                return !!tags.power;
            });

            // contains a past/future tag, but not in active use as a road/path/cycleway/etc..
            defineRule('past_future', function isPastFuture(tags) {
                if (
                    traffic_roads[tags.highway] ||
                    service_roads[tags.highway] ||
                    paths[tags.highway]
                ) { return false; }

                var strings = Object.keys(tags);

                for (var i = 0; i < strings.length; i++) {
                    var s = strings[i];
                    if (past_futures[s] || past_futures[tags[s]]) { return true; }
                }
                return false;
            });

            // Lines or areas that don't match another feature filter.
            // IMPORTANT: The 'others' feature must be the last one defined,
            //   so that code in getMatches can skip this test if `hasMatch = true`
            defineRule('others', function isOther(tags, geometry) {
                return (geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area');
            });



            features.features = function() {
                return _rules;
            };


            features.keys = function() {
                return _keys;
            };


            features.enabled = function(k) {
                if (!arguments.length) {
                    return _keys.filter(function(k) { return _rules[k].enabled; });
                }
                return _rules[k] && _rules[k].enabled;
            };


            features.disabled = function(k) {
                if (!arguments.length) {
                    return _keys.filter(function(k) { return !_rules[k].enabled; });
                }
                return _rules[k] && !_rules[k].enabled;
            };


            features.hidden = function(k) {
                if (!arguments.length) {
                    return _keys.filter(function(k) { return _rules[k].hidden(); });
                }
                return _rules[k] && _rules[k].hidden();
            };


            features.autoHidden = function(k) {
                if (!arguments.length) {
                    return _keys.filter(function(k) { return _rules[k].autoHidden(); });
                }
                return _rules[k] && _rules[k].autoHidden();
            };


            features.enable = function(k) {
                if (_rules[k] && !_rules[k].enabled) {
                    _rules[k].enable();
                    update();
                }
            };

            features.enableAll = function() {
                var didEnable = false;
                for (var k in _rules) {
                    if (!_rules[k].enabled) {
                        didEnable = true;
                        _rules[k].enable();
                    }
                }
                if (didEnable) { update(); }
            };


            features.disable = function(k) {
                if (_rules[k] && _rules[k].enabled) {
                    _rules[k].disable();
                    update();
                }
            };

            features.disableAll = function() {
                var didDisable = false;
                for (var k in _rules) {
                    if (_rules[k].enabled) {
                        didDisable = true;
                        _rules[k].disable();
                    }
                }
                if (didDisable) { update(); }
            };


            features.toggle = function(k) {
                if (_rules[k]) {
                    (function(f) { return f.enabled ? f.disable() : f.enable(); }(_rules[k]));
                    update();
                }
            };


            features.resetStats = function() {
                for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
                    _rules[_keys[i]].count = 0;
                }
                dispatch$1.call('change');
            };


            features.gatherStats = function(d, resolver, dimensions) {
                var needsRedraw = false;
                var types = utilArrayGroupBy(d, 'type');
                var entities = [].concat(types.relation || [], types.way || [], types.node || []);
                var currHidden, geometry, matches, i, j;

                for (i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
                    _rules[_keys[i]].count = 0;
                }

                // adjust the threshold for point/building culling based on viewport size..
                // a _cullFactor of 1 corresponds to a 1000x1000px viewport..
                _cullFactor = dimensions[0] * dimensions[1] / 1000000;

                for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
                    geometry = entities[i].geometry(resolver);
                    matches = Object.keys(features.getMatches(entities[i], resolver, geometry));
                    for (j = 0; j < matches.length; j++) {
                        _rules[matches[j]].count++;
                    }
                }

                currHidden = features.hidden();
                if (currHidden !== _hidden) {
                    _hidden = currHidden;
                    needsRedraw = true;
                    dispatch$1.call('change');
                }

                return needsRedraw;
            };


            features.stats = function() {
                for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
                    _stats[_keys[i]] = _rules[_keys[i]].count;
                }

                return _stats;
            };


            features.clear = function(d) {
                for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
                    features.clearEntity(d[i]);
                }
            };


            features.clearEntity = function(entity) {
                delete _cache[osmEntity.key(entity)];
            };


            features.reset = function() {
                Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function(handle) {
                    window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
                    _deferred.delete(handle);
                });

                _cache = {};
            };

            // only certain relations are worth checking
            function relationShouldBeChecked(relation) {
                // multipolygon features have `area` geometry and aren't checked here
                return relation.tags.type === 'boundary';
            }

            features.getMatches = function(entity, resolver, geometry) {
                if (geometry === 'vertex' ||
                    (geometry === 'relation' && !relationShouldBeChecked(entity))) { return {}; }

                var ent = osmEntity.key(entity);
                if (!_cache[ent]) {
                    _cache[ent] = {};
                }

                if (!_cache[ent].matches) {
                    var matches = {};
                    var hasMatch = false;

                    for (var i = 0; i < _keys.length; i++) {
                        if (_keys[i] === 'others') {
                            if (hasMatch) { continue; }

                            // If an entity...
                            //   1. is a way that hasn't matched other 'interesting' feature rules,
                            if (entity.type === 'way') {
                                var parents = features.getParents(entity, resolver, geometry);

                                //   2a. belongs only to a single multipolygon relation
                                if ((parents.length === 1 && parents[0].isMultipolygon()) ||
                                    // 2b. or belongs only to boundary relations
                                    (parents.length > 0 && parents.every(function(parent) { return parent.tags.type === 'boundary'; }))) {

                                    // ...then match whatever feature rules the parent relation has matched.
                                    // see #2548, #2887
                                    //
                                    // IMPORTANT:
                                    // For this to work, getMatches must be called on relations before ways.
                                    //
                                    var pkey = osmEntity.key(parents[0]);
                                    if (_cache[pkey] && _cache[pkey].matches) {
                                        matches = Object.assign({}, _cache[pkey].matches);  // shallow copy
                                        continue;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        if (_rules[_keys[i]].filter(entity.tags, geometry)) {
                            matches[_keys[i]] = hasMatch = true;
                        }
                    }
                    _cache[ent].matches = matches;
                }

                return _cache[ent].matches;
            };


            features.getParents = function(entity, resolver, geometry) {
                if (geometry === 'point') { return []; }

                var ent = osmEntity.key(entity);
                if (!_cache[ent]) {
                    _cache[ent] = {};
                }

                if (!_cache[ent].parents) {
                    var parents = [];
                    if (geometry === 'vertex') {
                        parents = resolver.parentWays(entity);
                    } else {   // 'line', 'area', 'relation'
                        parents = resolver.parentRelations(entity);
                    }
                    _cache[ent].parents = parents;
                }
                return _cache[ent].parents;
            };


            features.isHiddenPreset = function(preset, geometry) {
                if (!_hidden.length) { return false; }
                if (!preset.tags) { return false; }

                var test = preset.setTags({}, geometry);
                for (var key in _rules) {
                    if (_rules[key].filter(test, geometry)) {
                        if (_hidden.indexOf(key) !== -1) {
                            return key;
                        }
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                return false;
            };


            features.isHiddenFeature = function(entity, resolver, geometry) {
                if (!_hidden.length) { return false; }
                if (!entity.version) { return false; }
                if (_forceVisible[entity.id]) { return false; }

                var matches = Object.keys(features.getMatches(entity, resolver, geometry));
                return matches.length && matches.every(function(k) { return features.hidden(k); });
            };


            features.isHiddenChild = function(entity, resolver, geometry) {
                if (!_hidden.length) { return false; }
                if (!entity.version || geometry === 'point') { return false; }
                if (_forceVisible[entity.id]) { return false; }

                var parents = features.getParents(entity, resolver, geometry);
                if (!parents.length) { return false; }

                for (var i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
                    if (!features.isHidden(parents[i], resolver, parents[i].geometry(resolver))) {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                return true;
            };


            features.hasHiddenConnections = function(entity, resolver) {
                if (!_hidden.length) { return false; }

                var childNodes, connections;
                if (entity.type === 'midpoint') {
                    childNodes = [resolver.entity(entity.edge[0]), resolver.entity(entity.edge[1])];
                    connections = [];
                } else {
                    childNodes = entity.nodes ? resolver.childNodes(entity) : [];
                    connections = features.getParents(entity, resolver, entity.geometry(resolver));
                }

                // gather ways connected to child nodes..
                connections = childNodes.reduce(function(result, e) {
                    return resolver.isShared(e) ? utilArrayUnion(result, resolver.parentWays(e)) : result;
                }, connections);

                return connections.some(function(e) {
                    return features.isHidden(e, resolver, e.geometry(resolver));
                });
            };


            features.isHidden = function(entity, resolver, geometry) {
                if (!_hidden.length) { return false; }
                if (!entity.version) { return false; }

                var fn = (geometry === 'vertex' ? features.isHiddenChild : features.isHiddenFeature);
                return fn(entity, resolver, geometry);
            };


            features.filter = function(d, resolver) {
                if (!_hidden.length) { return d; }

                var result = [];
                for (var i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
                    var entity = d[i];
                    if (!features.isHidden(entity, resolver, entity.geometry(resolver))) {
                        result.push(entity);
                    }
                }
                return result;
            };


            features.forceVisible = function(entityIDs) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return Object.keys(_forceVisible); }

                _forceVisible = {};
                for (var i = 0; i < entityIDs.length; i++) {
                    _forceVisible[entityIDs[i]] = true;
                    var entity = context.hasEntity(entityIDs[i]);
                    if (entity && entity.type === 'relation') {
                        // also show relation members (one level deep)
                        for (var j in entity.members) {
                            _forceVisible[entity.members[j].id] = true;
                        }
                    }
                }
                return features;
            };


            features.init = function() {
                var storage = corePreferences('disabled-features');
                if (storage) {
                    var storageDisabled = storage.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
                    storageDisabled.forEach(features.disable);
                }

                var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
                if (hash.disable_features) {
                    var hashDisabled = hash.disable_features.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
                    hashDisabled.forEach(features.disable);
                }
            };


            // warm up the feature matching cache upon merging fetched data
            context.history().on('merge.features', function(newEntities) {
                if (!newEntities) { return; }
                var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
                    var graph = context.graph();
                    var types = utilArrayGroupBy(newEntities, 'type');
                    // ensure that getMatches is called on relations before ways
                    var entities = [].concat(types.relation || [], types.way || [], types.node || []);
                    for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
                        var geometry = entities[i].geometry(graph);
                        features.getMatches(entities[i], graph, geometry);
                    }
                });
                _deferred.add(handle);
            });


            return features;
        }

        // Touch targets control which other vertices we can drag a vertex onto.
        //
        // - the activeID - nope
        // - 1 away (adjacent) to the activeID - yes (vertices will be merged)
        // - 2 away from the activeID - nope (would create a self intersecting segment)
        // - all others on a linear way - yes
        // - all others on a closed way - nope (would create a self intersecting polygon)
        //
        // returns
        // 0 = active vertex - no touch/connect
        // 1 = passive vertex - yes touch/connect
        // 2 = adjacent vertex - yes but pay attention segmenting a line here
        //
        function svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID) {
            if (!activeID) { return 1; }
            if (activeID === node.id) { return 0; }

            var parents = graph.parentWays(node);

            var i, j, nodes, isClosed, ix1, ix2, ix3, ix4, max;

            for (i = 0; i < parents.length; i++) {
                nodes = parents[i].nodes;
                isClosed = parents[i].isClosed();
                for (j = 0; j < nodes.length; j++) {   // find this vertex, look nearby
                    if (nodes[j] === node.id) {
                        ix1 = j - 2;
                        ix2 = j - 1;
                        ix3 = j + 1;
                        ix4 = j + 2;

                        if (isClosed) {  // wraparound if needed
                            max = nodes.length - 1;
                            if (ix1 < 0)   { ix1 = max + ix1; }
                            if (ix2 < 0)   { ix2 = max + ix2; }
                            if (ix3 > max) { ix3 = ix3 - max; }
                            if (ix4 > max) { ix4 = ix4 - max; }
                        }

                        if (nodes[ix1] === activeID) { return 0; }        // no - prevent self intersect
                        else if (nodes[ix2] === activeID) { return 2; }   // ok - adjacent
                        else if (nodes[ix3] === activeID) { return 2; }   // ok - adjacent
                        else if (nodes[ix4] === activeID) { return 0; }   // no - prevent self intersect
                        else if (isClosed && nodes.indexOf(activeID) !== -1) { return 0; }  // no - prevent self intersect
                    }
                }
            }

            return 1;   // ok
        }


        function svgMarkerSegments(projection, graph, dt,
                                          shouldReverse,
                                          bothDirections) {
            return function(entity) {
                var i = 0;
                var offset = dt;
                var segments = [];
                var clip = d3_geoIdentity().clipExtent(projection.clipExtent()).stream;
                var coordinates = graph.childNodes(entity).map(function(n) { return n.loc; });
                var a, b;

                if (shouldReverse(entity)) {
                    coordinates.reverse();
                }

                d3_geoStream({
                    type: 'LineString',
                    coordinates: coordinates
                }, projection.stream(clip({
                    lineStart: function() {},
                    lineEnd: function() { a = null; },
                    point: function(x, y) {
                        b = [x, y];

                        if (a) {
                            var span = geoVecLength(a, b) - offset;

                            if (span >= 0) {
                                var heading = geoVecAngle(a, b);
                                var dx = dt * Math.cos(heading);
                                var dy = dt * Math.sin(heading);
                                var p = [
                                    a[0] + offset * Math.cos(heading),
                                    a[1] + offset * Math.sin(heading)
                                ];

                                // gather coordinates
                                var coord = [a, p];
                                for (span -= dt; span >= 0; span -= dt) {
                                    p = geoVecAdd(p, [dx, dy]);
                                    coord.push(p);
                                }
                                coord.push(b);

                                // generate svg paths
                                var segment = '';
                                var j;

                                for (j = 0; j < coord.length; j++) {
                                    segment += (j === 0 ? 'M' : 'L') + coord[j][0] + ',' + coord[j][1];
                                }
                                segments.push({ id: entity.id, index: i++, d: segment });

                                if (bothDirections(entity)) {
                                    segment = '';
                                    for (j = coord.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
                                        segment += (j === coord.length - 1 ? 'M' : 'L') + coord[j][0] + ',' + coord[j][1];
                                    }
                                    segments.push({ id: entity.id, index: i++, d: segment });
                                }
                            }

                            offset = -span;
                        }

                        a = b;
                    }
                })));

                return segments;
            };
        }


        function svgPath(projection, graph, isArea) {

            // Explanation of magic numbers:
            // "padding" here allows space for strokes to extend beyond the viewport,
            // so that the stroke isn't drawn along the edge of the viewport when
            // the shape is clipped.
            //
            // When drawing lines, pad viewport by 5px.
            // When drawing areas, pad viewport by 65px in each direction to allow
            // for 60px area fill stroke (see ".fill-partial path.fill" css rule)

            var cache = {};
            var padding = isArea ? 65 : 5;
            var viewport = projection.clipExtent();
            var paddedExtent = [
                [viewport[0][0] - padding, viewport[0][1] - padding],
                [viewport[1][0] + padding, viewport[1][1] + padding]
            ];
            var clip = d3_geoIdentity().clipExtent(paddedExtent).stream;
            var project = projection.stream;
            var path = d3_geoPath()
                .projection({stream: function(output) { return project(clip(output)); }});

            var svgpath = function(entity) {
                if (entity.id in cache) {
                    return cache[entity.id];
                } else {
                    return cache[entity.id] = path(entity.asGeoJSON(graph));
                }
            };

            svgpath.geojson = function(d) {
                if (d.__featurehash__ !== undefined) {
                    if (d.__featurehash__ in cache) {
                        return cache[d.__featurehash__];
                    } else {
                        return cache[d.__featurehash__] = path(d);
                    }
                } else {
                    return path(d);
                }
            };

            return svgpath;
        }


        function svgPointTransform(projection) {
            var svgpoint = function(entity) {
                // http://jsperf.com/short-array-join
                var pt = projection(entity.loc);
                return 'translate(' + pt[0] + ',' + pt[1] + ')';
            };

            svgpoint.geojson = function(d) {
                return svgpoint(d.properties.entity);
            };

            return svgpoint;
        }


        function svgRelationMemberTags(graph) {
            return function(entity) {
                var tags = entity.tags;
                var shouldCopyMultipolygonTags = !entity.hasInterestingTags();
                graph.parentRelations(entity).forEach(function(relation) {
                    var type = relation.tags.type;
                    if ((type === 'multipolygon' && shouldCopyMultipolygonTags) || type === 'boundary') {
                        tags = Object.assign({}, relation.tags, tags);
                    }
                });
                return tags;
            };
        }


        function svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID) {
            // When there is no activeID, we can memoize this expensive computation
            if (activeID === undefined) {
                return graph.transient(way, 'waySegments', getWaySegments);
            } else {
                return getWaySegments();
            }

            function getWaySegments() {
                var isActiveWay = (way.nodes.indexOf(activeID) !== -1);
                var features = { passive: [], active: [] };
                var start = {};
                var end = {};
                var node, type;

                for (var i = 0; i < way.nodes.length; i++) {
                    node = graph.entity(way.nodes[i]);
                    type = svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID);
                    end = { node: node, type: type };

                    if (start.type !== undefined) {
                        if (start.node.id === activeID || end.node.id === activeID) ; else if (isActiveWay && (start.type === 2 || end.type === 2)) {   // one adjacent vertex
                            pushActive(start, end, i);
                        } else if (start.type === 0 && end.type === 0) {   // both active vertices
                            pushActive(start, end, i);
                        } else {
                            pushPassive(start, end, i);
                        }
                    }

                    start = end;
                }

                return features;

                function pushActive(start, end, index) {
                    features.active.push({
                        type: 'Feature',
                        id: way.id + '-' + index + '-nope',
                        properties: {
                            nope: true,
                            target: true,
                            entity: way,
                            nodes: [start.node, end.node],
                            index: index
                        },
                        geometry: {
                            type: 'LineString',
                            coordinates: [start.node.loc, end.node.loc]
                        }
                    });
                }

                function pushPassive(start, end, index) {
                    features.passive.push({
                        type: 'Feature',
                        id: way.id + '-' + index,
                        properties: {
                            target: true,
                            entity: way,
                            nodes: [start.node, end.node],
                            index: index
                        },
                        geometry: {
                            type: 'LineString',
                            coordinates: [start.node.loc, end.node.loc]
                        }
                    });
                }
            }
        }

        function svgTagClasses() {
            var primaries = [
                'building', 'highway', 'railway', 'waterway', 'aeroway', 'aerialway',
                'piste:type', 'boundary', 'power', 'amenity', 'natural', 'landuse',
                'leisure', 'military', 'place', 'man_made', 'route', 'attraction',
                'building:part', 'indoor'
            ];
            var statuses = [
                // nonexistent, might be built
                'proposed', 'planned',
                // under maintentance or between groundbreaking and opening
                'construction',
                // existent but not functional
                'disused',
                // dilapidated to nonexistent
                'abandoned',
                // nonexistent, still may appear in imagery
                'dismantled', 'razed', 'demolished', 'obliterated',
                // existent occasionally, e.g. stormwater drainage basin
                'intermittent'
            ];
            var secondaries = [
                'oneway', 'bridge', 'tunnel', 'embankment', 'cutting', 'barrier',
                'surface', 'tracktype', 'footway', 'crossing', 'service', 'sport',
                'public_transport', 'location', 'parking', 'golf', 'type', 'leisure',
                'man_made', 'indoor'
            ];
            var _tags = function(entity) { return entity.tags; };


            var tagClasses = function(selection) {
                selection.each(function tagClassesEach(entity) {
                    var value = this.className;

                    if (value.baseVal !== undefined) {
                        value = value.baseVal;
                    }

                    var t = _tags(entity);

                    var computed = tagClasses.getClassesString(t, value);

                    if (computed !== value) {
                        select(this).attr('class', computed);
                    }
                });
            };


            tagClasses.getClassesString = function(t, value) {
                var primary, status;
                var i, j, k, v;

                // in some situations we want to render perimeter strokes a certain way
                var overrideGeometry;
                if (/\bstroke\b/.test(value)) {
                    if (!!t.barrier && t.barrier !== 'no') {
                        overrideGeometry = 'line';
                    }
                }

                // preserve base classes (nothing with `tag-`)
                var classes = value.trim().split(/\s+/)
                    .filter(function(klass) {
                        return klass.length && !/^tag-/.test(klass);
                    })
                    .map(function(klass) {  // special overrides for some perimeter strokes
                        return (klass === 'line' || klass === 'area') ? (overrideGeometry || klass) : klass;
                    });

                // pick at most one primary classification tag..
                for (i = 0; i < primaries.length; i++) {
                    k = primaries[i];
                    v = t[k];
                    if (!v || v === 'no') { continue; }

                    if (k === 'piste:type') {  // avoid a ':' in the class name
                        k = 'piste';
                    } else if (k === 'building:part') {  // avoid a ':' in the class name
                        k = 'building_part';
                    }

                    primary = k;
                    if (statuses.indexOf(v) !== -1) {   // e.g. `railway=abandoned`
                        status = v;
                        classes.push('tag-' + k);
                    } else {
                        classes.push('tag-' + k);
                        classes.push('tag-' + k + '-' + v);
                    }

                    break;
                }

                if (!primary) {
                    for (i = 0; i < statuses.length; i++) {
                        for (j = 0; j < primaries.length; j++) {
                            k = statuses[i] + ':' + primaries[j];  // e.g. `demolished:building=yes`
                            v = t[k];
                            if (!v || v === 'no') { continue; }

                            status = statuses[i];
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }

                // add at most one status tag, only if relates to primary tag..
                if (!status) {
                    for (i = 0; i < statuses.length; i++) {
                        k = statuses[i];
                        v = t[k];
                        if (!v || v === 'no') { continue; }

                        if (v === 'yes') {   // e.g. `railway=rail + abandoned=yes`
                            status = k;
                        }
                        else if (primary && primary === v) {  // e.g. `railway=rail + abandoned=railway`
                            status = k;
                        } else if (!primary && primaries.indexOf(v) !== -1) {  // e.g. `abandoned=railway`
                            status = k;
                            primary = v;
                            classes.push('tag-' + v);
                        }  // else ignore e.g.  `highway=path + abandoned=railway`

                        if (status) { break; }
                    }
                }

                if (status) {
                    classes.push('tag-status');
                    classes.push('tag-status-' + status);
                }

                // add any secondary tags
                for (i = 0; i < secondaries.length; i++) {
                    k = secondaries[i];
                    v = t[k];
                    if (!v || v === 'no' || k === primary) { continue; }
                    classes.push('tag-' + k);
                    classes.push('tag-' + k + '-' + v);
                }

                // For highways, look for surface tagging..
                if ((primary === 'highway' && !osmPathHighwayTagValues[t.highway]) || primary === 'aeroway') {
                    var surface = t.highway === 'track' ? 'unpaved' : 'paved';
                    for (k in t) {
                        v = t[k];
                        if (k in osmPavedTags) {
                            surface = osmPavedTags[k][v] ? 'paved' : 'unpaved';
                        }
                        if (k in osmSemipavedTags && !!osmSemipavedTags[k][v]) {
                            surface = 'semipaved';
                        }
                    }
                    classes.push('tag-' + surface);
                }

                // If this is a wikidata-tagged item, add a class for that..
                if (t.wikidata || t['brand:wikidata']) {
                    classes.push('tag-wikidata');
                }

                return classes.join(' ').trim();
            };


            tagClasses.tags = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _tags; }
                _tags = val;
                return tagClasses;
            };

            return tagClasses;
        }

        // Patterns only work in Firefox when set directly on element.
        // (This is not a bug: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=750632)
        var patterns = {
            // tag - pattern name
            // -or-
            // tag - value - pattern name
            // -or-
            // tag - value - rules (optional tag-values, pattern name)
            // (matches earlier rules first, so fallback should be last entry)
            amenity: {
                grave_yard: 'cemetery',
                fountain: 'water_standing'
            },
            landuse: {
                cemetery: [
                    { religion: 'christian', pattern: 'cemetery_christian' },
                    { religion: 'buddhist', pattern: 'cemetery_buddhist' },
                    { religion: 'muslim', pattern: 'cemetery_muslim' },
                    { religion: 'jewish', pattern: 'cemetery_jewish' },
                    { pattern: 'cemetery' }
                ],
                construction: 'construction',
                farmland: 'farmland',
                farmyard: 'farmyard',
                forest: [
                    { leaf_type: 'broadleaved', pattern: 'forest_broadleaved' },
                    { leaf_type: 'needleleaved', pattern: 'forest_needleleaved' },
                    { leaf_type: 'leafless', pattern: 'forest_leafless' },
                    { pattern: 'forest' } // same as 'leaf_type:mixed'
                ],
                grave_yard: 'cemetery',
                grass: [
                    { golf: 'green', pattern: 'golf_green' },
                    { pattern: 'grass' } ],
                landfill: 'landfill',
                meadow: 'meadow',
                military: 'construction',
                orchard: 'orchard',
                quarry: 'quarry',
                vineyard: 'vineyard'
            },
            natural: {
                beach: 'beach',
                grassland: 'grass',
                sand: 'beach',
                scrub: 'scrub',
                water: [
                    { water: 'pond', pattern: 'pond' },
                    { water: 'reservoir', pattern: 'water_standing' },
                    { pattern: 'waves' }
                ],
                wetland: [
                    { wetland: 'marsh', pattern: 'wetland_marsh' },
                    { wetland: 'swamp', pattern: 'wetland_swamp' },
                    { wetland: 'bog', pattern: 'wetland_bog' },
                    { wetland: 'reedbed', pattern: 'wetland_reedbed' },
                    { pattern: 'wetland' }
                ],
                wood: [
                    { leaf_type: 'broadleaved', pattern: 'forest_broadleaved' },
                    { leaf_type: 'needleleaved', pattern: 'forest_needleleaved' },
                    { leaf_type: 'leafless', pattern: 'forest_leafless' },
                    { pattern: 'forest' } // same as 'leaf_type:mixed'
                ]
            },
            traffic_calming: {
                island: [
                    { surface: 'grass', pattern: 'grass' } ],
                chicane: [
                    { surface: 'grass', pattern: 'grass' } ],
                choker: [
                    { surface: 'grass', pattern: 'grass' } ]
            }
        };

        function svgTagPattern(tags) {
            // Skip pattern filling if this is a building (buildings don't get patterns applied)
            if (tags.building && tags.building !== 'no') {
                return null;
            }

            for (var tag in patterns) {
                var entityValue = tags[tag];
                if (!entityValue) { continue; }

                if (typeof patterns[tag] === 'string') { // extra short syntax (just tag) - pattern name
                    return 'pattern-' + patterns[tag];
                } else {
                    var values = patterns[tag];
                    for (var value in values) {
                        if (entityValue !== value) { continue; }

                        var rules = values[value];
                        if (typeof rules === 'string') { // short syntax - pattern name
                            return 'pattern-' + rules;
                        }

                        // long syntax - rule array
                        for (var ruleKey in rules) {
                            var rule = rules[ruleKey];

                            var pass = true;
                            for (var criterion in rule) {
                                if (criterion !== 'pattern') { // reserved for pattern name
                                    // The only rule is a required tag-value pair
                                    var v = tags[criterion];
                                    if (!v || v !== rule[criterion]) {
                                        pass = false;
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }
                            }

                            if (pass) {
                                return 'pattern-' + rule.pattern;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            return null;
        }

        function svgAreas(projection, context) {


            function getPatternStyle(tags) {
                var imageID = svgTagPattern(tags);
                if (imageID) {
                    return 'url("#ideditor-' + imageID + '")';
                }
                return '';
            }


            function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
                var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
                var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
                var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
                var activeID = context.activeID();
                var base = context.history().base();

                // The targets and nopes will be MultiLineString sub-segments of the ways
                var data = { targets: [], nopes: [] };

                entities.forEach(function(way) {
                    var features = svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID);
                    data.targets.push.apply(data.targets, features.passive);
                    data.nopes.push.apply(data.nopes, features.active);
                });


                // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
                var targetData = data.targets.filter(getPath);
                var targets = selection.selectAll('.area.target-allowed')
                    .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
                    .data(targetData, function key(d) { return d.id; });

                // exit
                targets.exit()
                    .remove();

                var segmentWasEdited = function(d) {
                    var wayID = d.properties.entity.id;
                    // if the whole line was edited, don't draw segment changes
                    if (!base.entities[wayID] ||
                        !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[wayID].nodes, base.entities[wayID].nodes)) {
                        return false;
                    }
                    return d.properties.nodes.some(function(n) {
                        return !base.entities[n.id] ||
                               !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[n.id].loc, base.entities[n.id].loc);
                    });
                };

                // enter/update
                targets.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .merge(targets)
                    .attr('d', getPath)
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'way area target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id; })
                    .classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);


                // NOPE
                var nopeData = data.nopes.filter(getPath);
                var nopes = selection.selectAll('.area.target-nope')
                    .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
                    .data(nopeData, function key(d) { return d.id; });

                // exit
                nopes.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                nopes.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .merge(nopes)
                    .attr('d', getPath)
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'way area target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id; })
                    .classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
            }


            function drawAreas(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
                var path = svgPath(projection, graph, true);
                var areas = {};
                var multipolygon;
                var base = context.history().base();

                for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
                    var entity = entities[i];
                    if (entity.geometry(graph) !== 'area') { continue; }

                    multipolygon = osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
                    if (multipolygon) {
                        areas[multipolygon.id] = {
                            entity: multipolygon.mergeTags(entity.tags),
                            area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
                        };
                    } else if (!areas[entity.id]) {
                        areas[entity.id] = {
                            entity: entity,
                            area: Math.abs(entity.area(graph))
                        };
                    }
                }

                var fills = Object.values(areas).filter(function hasPath(a) { return path(a.entity); });
                fills.sort(function areaSort(a, b) { return b.area - a.area; });
                fills = fills.map(function(a) { return a.entity; });

                var strokes = fills.filter(function(area) { return area.type === 'way'; });

                var data = {
                    clip: fills,
                    shadow: strokes,
                    stroke: strokes,
                    fill: fills
                };

                var clipPaths = context.surface().selectAll('defs').selectAll('.clipPath-osm')
                   .filter(filter)
                   .data(data.clip, osmEntity.key);

                clipPaths.exit()
                   .remove();

                var clipPathsEnter = clipPaths.enter()
                   .append('clipPath')
                   .attr('class', 'clipPath-osm')
                   .attr('id', function(entity) { return 'ideditor-' + entity.id + '-clippath'; });

                clipPathsEnter
                   .append('path');

                clipPaths.merge(clipPathsEnter)
                   .selectAll('path')
                   .attr('d', path);


                var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.areas');
                var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.areas');

                // Draw areas..
                var areagroup = drawLayer
                    .selectAll('g.areagroup')
                    .data(['fill', 'shadow', 'stroke']);

                areagroup = areagroup.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'areagroup area-' + d; })
                    .merge(areagroup);

                var paths = areagroup
                    .selectAll('path')
                    .filter(filter)
                    .data(function(layer) { return data[layer]; }, osmEntity.key);

                paths.exit()
                    .remove();


                var fillpaths = selection.selectAll('.area-fill path.area').nodes();
                var bisect = d3_bisector(function(node) { return -node.__data__.area(graph); }).left;

                function sortedByArea(entity) {
                    if (this._parent.__data__ === 'fill') {
                        return fillpaths[bisect(fillpaths, -entity.area(graph))];
                    }
                }

                paths = paths.enter()
                    .insert('path', sortedByArea)
                    .merge(paths)
                    .each(function(entity) {
                        var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
                        this.setAttribute('class', entity.type + ' area ' + layer + ' ' + entity.id);

                        if (layer === 'fill') {
                            this.setAttribute('clip-path', 'url(#ideditor-' + entity.id + '-clippath)');
                            this.style.fill = this.style.stroke = getPatternStyle(entity.tags);
                        }
                    })
                    .classed('added', function(d) {
                        return !base.entities[d.id];
                    })
                    .classed('geometry-edited', function(d) {
                        return graph.entities[d.id] &&
                            base.entities[d.id] &&
                            !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].nodes, base.entities[d.id].nodes);
                    })
                    .classed('retagged', function(d) {
                        return graph.entities[d.id] &&
                            base.entities[d.id] &&
                            !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
                    })
                    .call(svgTagClasses())
                    .attr('d', path);


                // Draw touch targets..
                touchLayer
                    .call(drawTargets, graph, data.stroke, filter);
            }

            return drawAreas;
        }

        //[4]           NameStartChar      ::=          ":" | [A-Z] | "_" | [a-z] | [#xC0-#xD6] | [#xD8-#xF6] | [#xF8-#x2FF] | [#x370-#x37D] | [#x37F-#x1FFF] | [#x200C-#x200D] | [#x2070-#x218F] | [#x2C00-#x2FEF] | [#x3001-#xD7FF] | [#xF900-#xFDCF] | [#xFDF0-#xFFFD] | [#x10000-#xEFFFF]
        //[4a]          NameChar           ::=          NameStartChar | "-" | "." | [0-9] | #xB7 | [#x0300-#x036F] | [#x203F-#x2040]
        //[5]           Name       ::=          NameStartChar (NameChar)*
        var nameStartChar = /[A-Z_a-z\xC0-\xD6\xD8-\xF6\u00F8-\u02FF\u0370-\u037D\u037F-\u1FFF\u200C-\u200D\u2070-\u218F\u2C00-\u2FEF\u3001-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFFD]/;//\u10000-\uEFFFF
        var nameChar = new RegExp("[\\-\\.0-9"+nameStartChar.source.slice(1,-1)+"\\u00B7\\u0300-\\u036F\\u203F-\\u2040]");
        var tagNamePattern = new RegExp('^'+nameStartChar.source+nameChar.source+'*(?:\:'+nameStartChar.source+nameChar.source+'*)?$');
        //var tagNamePattern = /^[a-zA-Z_][\w\-\.]*(?:\:[a-zA-Z_][\w\-\.]*)?$/
        //var handlers = 'resolveEntity,getExternalSubset,characters,endDocument,endElement,endPrefixMapping,ignorableWhitespace,processingInstruction,setDocumentLocator,skippedEntity,startDocument,startElement,startPrefixMapping,notationDecl,unparsedEntityDecl,error,fatalError,warning,attributeDecl,elementDecl,externalEntityDecl,internalEntityDecl,comment,endCDATA,endDTD,endEntity,startCDATA,startDTD,startEntity'.split(',')

        //S_TAG,        S_ATTR, S_EQ,   S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE
        //S_ATTR_SPACE, S_ATTR_END,     S_TAG_SPACE, S_TAG_CLOSE
        var S_TAG = 0;//tag name offerring
        var S_ATTR = 1;//attr name offerring 
        var S_ATTR_SPACE=2;//attr name end and space offer
        var S_EQ = 3;//=space?
        var S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE = 4;//attr value(no quot value only)
        var S_ATTR_END = 5;//attr value end and no space(quot end)
        var S_TAG_SPACE = 6;//(attr value end || tag end ) && (space offer)
        var S_TAG_CLOSE = 7;//closed el<el />

        function XMLReader(){
                
        }

        XMLReader.prototype = {
                parse:function(source,defaultNSMap,entityMap){
                        var domBuilder = this.domBuilder;
                        domBuilder.startDocument();
                        _copy(defaultNSMap ,defaultNSMap = {});
                        parse(source,defaultNSMap,entityMap,
                                        domBuilder,this.errorHandler);
                        domBuilder.endDocument();
                }
        };
        function parse(source,defaultNSMapCopy,entityMap,domBuilder,errorHandler){
                function fixedFromCharCode(code) {
                        // String.prototype.fromCharCode does not supports
                        // > 2 bytes unicode chars directly
                        if (code > 0xffff) {
                                code -= 0x10000;
                                var surrogate1 = 0xd800 + (code >> 10)
                                        , surrogate2 = 0xdc00 + (code & 0x3ff);

                                return String.fromCharCode(surrogate1, surrogate2);
                        } else {
                                return String.fromCharCode(code);
                        }
                }
                function entityReplacer(a){
                        var k = a.slice(1,-1);
                        if(k in entityMap){
                                return entityMap[k]; 
                        }else if(k.charAt(0) === '#'){
                                return fixedFromCharCode(parseInt(k.substr(1).replace('x','0x')))
                        }else {
                                errorHandler.error('entity not found:'+a);
                                return a;
                        }
                }
                function appendText(end){//has some bugs
                        if(end>start){
                                var xt = source.substring(start,end).replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer);
                                locator&&position(start);
                                domBuilder.characters(xt,0,end-start);
                                start = end;
                        }
                }
                function position(p,m){
                        while(p>=lineEnd && (m = linePattern.exec(source))){
                                lineStart = m.index;
                                lineEnd = lineStart + m[0].length;
                                locator.lineNumber++;
                                //console.log('line++:',locator,startPos,endPos)
                        }
                        locator.columnNumber = p-lineStart+1;
                }
                var lineStart = 0;
                var lineEnd = 0;
                var linePattern = /.*(?:\r\n?|\n)|.*$/g;
                var locator = domBuilder.locator;
                
                var parseStack = [{currentNSMap:defaultNSMapCopy}];
                var closeMap = {};
                var start = 0;
                while(true){
                        try{
                                var tagStart = source.indexOf('<',start);
                                if(tagStart<0){
                                        if(!source.substr(start).match(/^\s*$/)){
                                                var doc = domBuilder.doc;
                                        var text = doc.createTextNode(source.substr(start));
                                        doc.appendChild(text);
                                        domBuilder.currentElement = text;
                                        }
                                        return;
                                }
                                if(tagStart>start){
                                        appendText(tagStart);
                                }
                                switch(source.charAt(tagStart+1)){
                                case '/':
                                        var end = source.indexOf('>',tagStart+3);
                                        var tagName = source.substring(tagStart+2,end);
                                        var config = parseStack.pop();
                                        if(end<0){
                                                
                                        tagName = source.substring(tagStart+2).replace(/[\s<].*/,'');
                                        //console.error('#@@@@@@'+tagName)
                                        errorHandler.error("end tag name: "+tagName+' is not complete:'+config.tagName);
                                        end = tagStart+1+tagName.length;
                                }else if(tagName.match(/\s</)){
                                        tagName = tagName.replace(/[\s<].*/,'');
                                        errorHandler.error("end tag name: "+tagName+' maybe not complete');
                                        end = tagStart+1+tagName.length;
                                        }
                                        //console.error(parseStack.length,parseStack)
                                        //console.error(config);
                                        var localNSMap = config.localNSMap;
                                        var endMatch = config.tagName == tagName;
                                        var endIgnoreCaseMach = endMatch || config.tagName&&config.tagName.toLowerCase() == tagName.toLowerCase();
                                if(endIgnoreCaseMach){
                                        domBuilder.endElement(config.uri,config.localName,tagName);
                                                if(localNSMap){
                                                        for(var prefix in localNSMap){
                                                                domBuilder.endPrefixMapping(prefix) ;
                                                        }
                                                }
                                                if(!endMatch){
                                        errorHandler.fatalError("end tag name: "+tagName+' is not match the current start tagName:'+config.tagName );
                                                }
                                }else {
                                        parseStack.push(config);
                                }
                                        
                                        end++;
                                        break;
                                        // end elment
                                case '?':// <?...?>
                                        locator&&position(tagStart);
                                        end = parseInstruction(source,tagStart,domBuilder);
                                        break;
                                case '!':// <!doctype,<![CDATA,<!--
                                        locator&&position(tagStart);
                                        end = parseDCC(source,tagStart,domBuilder,errorHandler);
                                        break;
                                default:
                                        locator&&position(tagStart);
                                        var el = new ElementAttributes();
                                        var currentNSMap = parseStack[parseStack.length-1].currentNSMap;
                                        //elStartEnd
                                        var end = parseElementStartPart(source,tagStart,el,currentNSMap,entityReplacer,errorHandler);
                                        var len = el.length;
                                        
                                        
                                        if(!el.closed && fixSelfClosed(source,end,el.tagName,closeMap)){
                                                el.closed = true;
                                                if(!entityMap.nbsp){
                                                        errorHandler.warning('unclosed xml attribute');
                                                }
                                        }
                                        if(locator && len){
                                                var locator2 = copyLocator(locator,{});
                                                //try{//attribute position fixed
                                                for(var i = 0;i<len;i++){
                                                        var a = el[i];
                                                        position(a.offset);
                                                        a.locator = copyLocator(locator,{});
                                                }
                                                //}catch(e){console.error('@@@@@'+e)}
                                                domBuilder.locator = locator2;
                                                if(appendElement(el,domBuilder,currentNSMap)){
                                                        parseStack.push(el);
                                                }
                                                domBuilder.locator = locator;
                                        }else {
                                                if(appendElement(el,domBuilder,currentNSMap)){
                                                        parseStack.push(el);
                                                }
                                        }
                                        
                                        
                                        
                                        if(el.uri === 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' && !el.closed){
                                                end = parseHtmlSpecialContent(source,end,el.tagName,entityReplacer,domBuilder);
                                        }else {
                                                end++;
                                        }
                                }
                        }catch(e){
                                errorHandler.error('element parse error: '+e);
                                //errorHandler.error('element parse error: '+e);
                                end = -1;
                                //throw e;
                        }
                        if(end>start){
                                start = end;
                        }else {
                                //TODO: 这里有可能sax回退，有位置错误风险
                                appendText(Math.max(tagStart,start)+1);
                        }
                }
        }
        function copyLocator(f,t){
                t.lineNumber = f.lineNumber;
                t.columnNumber = f.columnNumber;
                return t;
        }

        /**
         * @see #appendElement(source,elStartEnd,el,selfClosed,entityReplacer,domBuilder,parseStack);
         * @return end of the elementStartPart(end of elementEndPart for selfClosed el)
         */
        function parseElementStartPart(source,start,el,currentNSMap,entityReplacer,errorHandler){
                var attrName;
                var value;
                var p = ++start;
                var s = S_TAG;//status
                while(true){
                        var c = source.charAt(p);
                        switch(c){
                        case '=':
                                if(s === S_ATTR){//attrName
                                        attrName = source.slice(start,p);
                                        s = S_EQ;
                                }else if(s === S_ATTR_SPACE){
                                        s = S_EQ;
                                }else {
                                        //fatalError: equal must after attrName or space after attrName
                                        throw new Error('attribute equal must after attrName');
                                }
                                break;
                        case '\'':
                        case '"':
                                if(s === S_EQ || s === S_ATTR //|| s == S_ATTR_SPACE
                                        ){//equal
                                        if(s === S_ATTR){
                                                errorHandler.warning('attribute value must after "="');
                                                attrName = source.slice(start,p);
                                        }
                                        start = p+1;
                                        p = source.indexOf(c,start);
                                        if(p>0){
                                                value = source.slice(start,p).replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer);
                                                el.add(attrName,value,start-1);
                                                s = S_ATTR_END;
                                        }else {
                                                //fatalError: no end quot match
                                                throw new Error('attribute value no end \''+c+'\' match');
                                        }
                                }else if(s == S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE){
                                        value = source.slice(start,p).replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer);
                                        //console.log(attrName,value,start,p)
                                        el.add(attrName,value,start);
                                        //console.dir(el)
                                        errorHandler.warning('attribute "'+attrName+'" missed start quot('+c+')!!');
                                        start = p+1;
                                        s = S_ATTR_END;
                                }else {
                                        //fatalError: no equal before
                                        throw new Error('attribute value must after "="');
                                }
                                break;
                        case '/':
                                switch(s){
                                case S_TAG:
                                        el.setTagName(source.slice(start,p));
                                case S_ATTR_END:
                                case S_TAG_SPACE:
                                case S_TAG_CLOSE:
                                        s =S_TAG_CLOSE;
                                        el.closed = true;
                                case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE:
                                case S_ATTR:
                                case S_ATTR_SPACE:
                                        break;
                                //case S_EQ:
                                default:
                                        throw new Error("attribute invalid close char('/')")
                                }
                                break;
                        case ''://end document
                                //throw new Error('unexpected end of input')
                                errorHandler.error('unexpected end of input');
                                if(s == S_TAG){
                                        el.setTagName(source.slice(start,p));
                                }
                                return p;
                        case '>':
                                switch(s){
                                case S_TAG:
                                        el.setTagName(source.slice(start,p));
                                case S_ATTR_END:
                                case S_TAG_SPACE:
                                case S_TAG_CLOSE:
                                        break;//normal
                                case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE://Compatible state
                                case S_ATTR:
                                        value = source.slice(start,p);
                                        if(value.slice(-1) === '/'){
                                                el.closed  = true;
                                                value = value.slice(0,-1);
                                        }
                                case S_ATTR_SPACE:
                                        if(s === S_ATTR_SPACE){
                                                value = attrName;
                                        }
                                        if(s == S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE){
                                                errorHandler.warning('attribute "'+value+'" missed quot(")!!');
                                                el.add(attrName,value.replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer),start);
                                        }else {
                                                if(currentNSMap[''] !== 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' || !value.match(/^(?:disabled|checked|selected)$/i)){
                                                        errorHandler.warning('attribute "'+value+'" missed value!! "'+value+'" instead!!');
                                                }
                                                el.add(value,value,start);
                                        }
                                        break;
                                case S_EQ:
                                        throw new Error('attribute value missed!!');
                                }
        //                      console.log(tagName,tagNamePattern,tagNamePattern.test(tagName))
                                return p;
                        /*xml space '\x20' | #x9 | #xD | #xA; */
                        case '\u0080':
                                c = ' ';
                        default:
                                if(c<= ' '){//space
                                        switch(s){
                                        case S_TAG:
                                                el.setTagName(source.slice(start,p));//tagName
                                                s = S_TAG_SPACE;
                                                break;
                                        case S_ATTR:
                                                attrName = source.slice(start,p);
                                                s = S_ATTR_SPACE;
                                                break;
                                        case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE:
                                                var value = source.slice(start,p).replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer);
                                                errorHandler.warning('attribute "'+value+'" missed quot(")!!');
                                                el.add(attrName,value,start);
                                        case S_ATTR_END:
                                                s = S_TAG_SPACE;
                                                break;
                                        //case S_TAG_SPACE:
                                        //case S_EQ:
                                        //case S_ATTR_SPACE:
                                        //      void();break;
                                        //case S_TAG_CLOSE:
                                                //ignore warning
                                        }
                                }else {//not space
        //S_TAG,        S_ATTR, S_EQ,   S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE
        //S_ATTR_SPACE, S_ATTR_END,     S_TAG_SPACE, S_TAG_CLOSE
                                        switch(s){
                                        //case S_TAG:void();break;
                                        //case S_ATTR:void();break;
                                        //case S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE:void();break;
                                        case S_ATTR_SPACE:
                                                var tagName =  el.tagName;
                                                if(currentNSMap[''] !== 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' || !attrName.match(/^(?:disabled|checked|selected)$/i)){
                                                        errorHandler.warning('attribute "'+attrName+'" missed value!! "'+attrName+'" instead2!!');
                                                }
                                                el.add(attrName,attrName,start);
                                                start = p;
                                                s = S_ATTR;
                                                break;
                                        case S_ATTR_END:
                                                errorHandler.warning('attribute space is required"'+attrName+'"!!');
                                        case S_TAG_SPACE:
                                                s = S_ATTR;
                                                start = p;
                                                break;
                                        case S_EQ:
                                                s = S_ATTR_NOQUOT_VALUE;
                                                start = p;
                                                break;
                                        case S_TAG_CLOSE:
                                                throw new Error("elements closed character '/' and '>' must be connected to");
                                        }
                                }
                        }//end outer switch
                        //console.log('p++',p)
                        p++;
                }
        }
        /**
         * @return true if has new namespace define
         */
        function appendElement(el,domBuilder,currentNSMap){
                var tagName = el.tagName;
                var localNSMap = null;
                //var currentNSMap = parseStack[parseStack.length-1].currentNSMap;
                var i = el.length;
                while(i--){
                        var a = el[i];
                        var qName = a.qName;
                        var value = a.value;
                        var nsp = qName.indexOf(':');
                        if(nsp>0){
                                var prefix = a.prefix = qName.slice(0,nsp);
                                var localName = qName.slice(nsp+1);
                                var nsPrefix = prefix === 'xmlns' && localName;
                        }else {
                                localName = qName;
                                prefix = null;
                                nsPrefix = qName === 'xmlns' && '';
                        }
                        //can not set prefix,because prefix !== ''
                        a.localName = localName ;
                        //prefix == null for no ns prefix attribute 
                        if(nsPrefix !== false){//hack!!
                                if(localNSMap == null){
                                        localNSMap = {};
                                        //console.log(currentNSMap,0)
                                        _copy(currentNSMap,currentNSMap={});
                                        //console.log(currentNSMap,1)
                                }
                                currentNSMap[nsPrefix] = localNSMap[nsPrefix] = value;
                                a.uri = 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/';
                                domBuilder.startPrefixMapping(nsPrefix, value); 
                        }
                }
                var i = el.length;
                while(i--){
                        a = el[i];
                        var prefix = a.prefix;
                        if(prefix){//no prefix attribute has no namespace
                                if(prefix === 'xml'){
                                        a.uri = 'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace';
                                }if(prefix !== 'xmlns'){
                                        a.uri = currentNSMap[prefix || ''];
                                        
                                        //{console.log('###'+a.qName,domBuilder.locator.systemId+'',currentNSMap,a.uri)}
                                }
                        }
                }
                var nsp = tagName.indexOf(':');
                if(nsp>0){
                        prefix = el.prefix = tagName.slice(0,nsp);
                        localName = el.localName = tagName.slice(nsp+1);
                }else {
                        prefix = null;//important!!
                        localName = el.localName = tagName;
                }
                //no prefix element has default namespace
                var ns = el.uri = currentNSMap[prefix || ''];
                domBuilder.startElement(ns,localName,tagName,el);
                //endPrefixMapping and startPrefixMapping have not any help for dom builder
                //localNSMap = null
                if(el.closed){
                        domBuilder.endElement(ns,localName,tagName);
                        if(localNSMap){
                                for(prefix in localNSMap){
                                        domBuilder.endPrefixMapping(prefix); 
                                }
                        }
                }else {
                        el.currentNSMap = currentNSMap;
                        el.localNSMap = localNSMap;
                        //parseStack.push(el);
                        return true;
                }
        }
        function parseHtmlSpecialContent(source,elStartEnd,tagName,entityReplacer,domBuilder){
                if(/^(?:script|textarea)$/i.test(tagName)){
                        var elEndStart =  source.indexOf('</'+tagName+'>',elStartEnd);
                        var text = source.substring(elStartEnd+1,elEndStart);
                        if(/[&<]/.test(text)){
                                if(/^script$/i.test(tagName)){
                                        //if(!/\]\]>/.test(text)){
                                                //lexHandler.startCDATA();
                                                domBuilder.characters(text,0,text.length);
                                                //lexHandler.endCDATA();
                                                return elEndStart;
                                        //}
                                }//}else{//text area
                                        text = text.replace(/&#?\w+;/g,entityReplacer);
                                        domBuilder.characters(text,0,text.length);
                                        return elEndStart;
                                //}
                                
                        }
                }
                return elStartEnd+1;
        }
        function fixSelfClosed(source,elStartEnd,tagName,closeMap){
                //if(tagName in closeMap){
                var pos = closeMap[tagName];
                if(pos == null){
                        //console.log(tagName)
                        pos =  source.lastIndexOf('</'+tagName+'>');
                        if(pos<elStartEnd){//忘记闭合
                                pos = source.lastIndexOf('</'+tagName);
                        }
                        closeMap[tagName] =pos;
                }
                return pos<elStartEnd;
                //} 
        }
        function _copy(source,target){
                for(var n in source){target[n] = source[n];}
        }
        function parseDCC(source,start,domBuilder,errorHandler){//sure start with '<!'
                var next= source.charAt(start+2);
                switch(next){
                case '-':
                        if(source.charAt(start + 3) === '-'){
                                var end = source.indexOf('-->',start+4);
                                //append comment source.substring(4,end)//<!--
                                if(end>start){
                                        domBuilder.comment(source,start+4,end-start-4);
                                        return end+3;
                                }else {
                                        errorHandler.error("Unclosed comment");
                                        return -1;
                                }
                        }else {
                                //error
                                return -1;
                        }
                default:
                        if(source.substr(start+3,6) == 'CDATA['){
                                var end = source.indexOf(']]>',start+9);
                                domBuilder.startCDATA();
                                domBuilder.characters(source,start+9,end-start-9);
                                domBuilder.endCDATA(); 
                                return end+3;
                        }
                        //<!DOCTYPE
                        //startDTD(java.lang.String name, java.lang.String publicId, java.lang.String systemId) 
                        var matchs = split(source,start);
                        var len = matchs.length;
                        if(len>1 && /!doctype/i.test(matchs[0][0])){
                                var name = matchs[1][0];
                                var pubid = len>3 && /^public$/i.test(matchs[2][0]) && matchs[3][0];
                                var sysid = len>4 && matchs[4][0];
                                var lastMatch = matchs[len-1];
                                domBuilder.startDTD(name,pubid && pubid.replace(/^(['"])(.*?)\1$/,'$2'),
                                                sysid && sysid.replace(/^(['"])(.*?)\1$/,'$2'));
                                domBuilder.endDTD();
                                
                                return lastMatch.index+lastMatch[0].length
                        }
                }
                return -1;
        }



        function parseInstruction(source,start,domBuilder){
                var end = source.indexOf('?>',start);
                if(end){
                        var match = source.substring(start,end).match(/^<\?(\S*)\s*([\s\S]*?)\s*$/);
                        if(match){
                                var len = match[0].length;
                                domBuilder.processingInstruction(match[1], match[2]) ;
                                return end+2;
                        }else {//error
                                return -1;
                        }
                }
                return -1;
        }

        /**
         * @param source
         */
        function ElementAttributes(source){
                
        }
        ElementAttributes.prototype = {
                setTagName:function(tagName){
                        if(!tagNamePattern.test(tagName)){
                                throw new Error('invalid tagName:'+tagName)
                        }
                        this.tagName = tagName;
                },
                add:function(qName,value,offset){
                        if(!tagNamePattern.test(qName)){
                                throw new Error('invalid attribute:'+qName)
                        }
                        this[this.length++] = {qName:qName,value:value,offset:offset};
                },
                length:0,
                getLocalName:function(i){return this[i].localName},
                getLocator:function(i){return this[i].locator},
                getQName:function(i){return this[i].qName},
                getURI:function(i){return this[i].uri},
                getValue:function(i){return this[i].value}
        //      ,getIndex:function(uri, localName)){
        //              if(localName){
        //                      
        //              }else{
        //                      var qName = uri
        //              }
        //      },
        //      getValue:function(){return this.getValue(this.getIndex.apply(this,arguments))},
        //      getType:function(uri,localName){}
        //      getType:function(i){},
        };




        function _set_proto_(thiz,parent){
                thiz.__proto__ = parent;
                return thiz;
        }
        if(!(_set_proto_({},_set_proto_.prototype) instanceof _set_proto_)){
                _set_proto_ = function(thiz,parent){
                        function p(){}          p.prototype = parent;
                        p = new p();
                        for(parent in thiz){
                                p[parent] = thiz[parent];
                        }
                        return p;
                };
        }

        function split(source,start){
                var match;
                var buf = [];
                var reg = /'[^']+'|"[^"]+"|[^\s<>\/=]+=?|(\/?\s*>|<)/g;
                reg.lastIndex = start;
                reg.exec(source);//skip <
                while(match = reg.exec(source)){
                        buf.push(match);
                        if(match[1]){ return buf; }
                }
        }

        var XMLReader_1 = XMLReader;

        var sax = {
                XMLReader: XMLReader_1
        };

        /*
         * DOM Level 2
         * Object DOMException
         * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1/ecma-script-language-binding.html
         * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113/ecma-script-binding.html
         */

        function copy$2(src,dest){
                for(var p in src){
                        dest[p] = src[p];
                }
        }
        /**
        ^\w+\.prototype\.([_\w]+)\s*=\s*((?:.*\{\s*?[\r\n][\s\S]*?^})|\S.*?(?=[;\r\n]));?
        ^\w+\.prototype\.([_\w]+)\s*=\s*(\S.*?(?=[;\r\n]));?
         */
        function _extends(Class,Super){
                var pt = Class.prototype;
                if(Object.create){
                        var ppt = Object.create(Super.prototype);
                        pt.__proto__ = ppt;
                }
                if(!(pt instanceof Super)){
                        function t(){}          t.prototype = Super.prototype;
                        t = new t();
                        copy$2(pt,t);
                        Class.prototype = pt = t;
                }
                if(pt.constructor != Class){
                        if(typeof Class != 'function'){
                                console.error("unknow Class:"+Class);
                        }
                        pt.constructor = Class;
                }
        }
        var htmlns = 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' ;
        // Node Types
        var NodeType = {};
        var ELEMENT_NODE                = NodeType.ELEMENT_NODE                = 1;
        var ATTRIBUTE_NODE              = NodeType.ATTRIBUTE_NODE              = 2;
        var TEXT_NODE                   = NodeType.TEXT_NODE                   = 3;
        var CDATA_SECTION_NODE          = NodeType.CDATA_SECTION_NODE          = 4;
        var ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE       = NodeType.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE       = 5;
        var ENTITY_NODE                 = NodeType.ENTITY_NODE                 = 6;
        var PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE = NodeType.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE = 7;
        var COMMENT_NODE                = NodeType.COMMENT_NODE                = 8;
        var DOCUMENT_NODE               = NodeType.DOCUMENT_NODE               = 9;
        var DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE          = NodeType.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE          = 10;
        var DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE      = NodeType.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE      = 11;
        var NOTATION_NODE               = NodeType.NOTATION_NODE               = 12;

        // ExceptionCode
        var ExceptionCode = {};
        var ExceptionMessage = {};
        var INDEX_SIZE_ERR              = ExceptionCode.INDEX_SIZE_ERR              = ((ExceptionMessage[1]="Index size error"),1);
        var DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR          = ExceptionCode.DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR          = ((ExceptionMessage[2]="DOMString size error"),2);
        var HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR       = ExceptionCode.HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR       = ((ExceptionMessage[3]="Hierarchy request error"),3);
        var WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR          = ExceptionCode.WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR          = ((ExceptionMessage[4]="Wrong document"),4);
        var INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR       = ExceptionCode.INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR       = ((ExceptionMessage[5]="Invalid character"),5);
        var NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR         = ExceptionCode.NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR         = ((ExceptionMessage[6]="No data allowed"),6);
        var NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR = ExceptionCode.NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR = ((ExceptionMessage[7]="No modification allowed"),7);
        var NOT_FOUND_ERR               = ExceptionCode.NOT_FOUND_ERR               = ((ExceptionMessage[8]="Not found"),8);
        var NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR           = ExceptionCode.NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR           = ((ExceptionMessage[9]="Not supported"),9);
        var INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR         = ExceptionCode.INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR         = ((ExceptionMessage[10]="Attribute in use"),10);
        //level2
        var INVALID_STATE_ERR           = ExceptionCode.INVALID_STATE_ERR               = ((ExceptionMessage[11]="Invalid state"),11);
        var SYNTAX_ERR                  = ExceptionCode.SYNTAX_ERR                      = ((ExceptionMessage[12]="Syntax error"),12);
        var INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR    = ExceptionCode.INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR        = ((ExceptionMessage[13]="Invalid modification"),13);
        var NAMESPACE_ERR               = ExceptionCode.NAMESPACE_ERR                   = ((ExceptionMessage[14]="Invalid namespace"),14);
        var INVALID_ACCESS_ERR          = ExceptionCode.INVALID_ACCESS_ERR              = ((ExceptionMessage[15]="Invalid access"),15);


        function DOMException$2(code, message) {
                if(message instanceof Error){
                        var error = message;
                }else {
                        error = this;
                        Error.call(this, ExceptionMessage[code]);
                        this.message = ExceptionMessage[code];
                        if(Error.captureStackTrace) { Error.captureStackTrace(this, DOMException$2); }
                }
                error.code = code;
                if(message) { this.message = this.message + ": " + message; }
                return error;
        }DOMException$2.prototype = Error.prototype;
        copy$2(ExceptionCode,DOMException$2);
        /**
         * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113/core.html#ID-536297177
         * The NodeList interface provides the abstraction of an ordered collection of nodes, without defining or constraining how this collection is implemented. NodeList objects in the DOM are live.
         * The items in the NodeList are accessible via an integral index, starting from 0.
         */
        function NodeList() {
        }NodeList.prototype = {
                /**
                 * The number of nodes in the list. The range of valid child node indices is 0 to length-1 inclusive.
                 * @standard level1
                 */
                length:0, 
                /**
                 * Returns the indexth item in the collection. If index is greater than or equal to the number of nodes in the list, this returns null.
                 * @standard level1
                 * @param index  unsigned long 
                 *   Index into the collection.
                 * @return Node
                 *      The node at the indexth position in the NodeList, or null if that is not a valid index. 
                 */
                item: function(index) {
                        return this[index] || null;
                },
                toString:function(isHTML,nodeFilter){
                        for(var buf = [], i = 0;i<this.length;i++){
                                serializeToString(this[i],buf,isHTML,nodeFilter);
                        }
                        return buf.join('');
                }
        };
        function LiveNodeList(node,refresh){
                this._node = node;
                this._refresh = refresh;
                _updateLiveList(this);
        }
        function _updateLiveList(list){
                var inc = list._node._inc || list._node.ownerDocument._inc;
                if(list._inc != inc){
                        var ls = list._refresh(list._node);
                        //console.log(ls.length)
                        __set__(list,'length',ls.length);
                        copy$2(ls,list);
                        list._inc = inc;
                }
        }
        LiveNodeList.prototype.item = function(i){
                _updateLiveList(this);
                return this[i];
        };

        _extends(LiveNodeList,NodeList);
        /**
         * 
         * Objects implementing the NamedNodeMap interface are used to represent collections of nodes that can be accessed by name. Note that NamedNodeMap does not inherit from NodeList; NamedNodeMaps are not maintained in any particular order. Objects contained in an object implementing NamedNodeMap may also be accessed by an ordinal index, but this is simply to allow convenient enumeration of the contents of a NamedNodeMap, and does not imply that the DOM specifies an order to these Nodes.
         * NamedNodeMap objects in the DOM are live.
         * used for attributes or DocumentType entities 
         */
        function NamedNodeMap() {
        }
        function _findNodeIndex(list,node){
                var i = list.length;
                while(i--){
                        if(list[i] === node){return i}
                }
        }

        function _addNamedNode(el,list,newAttr,oldAttr){
                if(oldAttr){
                        list[_findNodeIndex(list,oldAttr)] = newAttr;
                }else {
                        list[list.length++] = newAttr;
                }
                if(el){
                        newAttr.ownerElement = el;
                        var doc = el.ownerDocument;
                        if(doc){
                                oldAttr && _onRemoveAttribute(doc,el,oldAttr);
                                _onAddAttribute(doc,el,newAttr);
                        }
                }
        }
        function _removeNamedNode(el,list,attr){
                //console.log('remove attr:'+attr)
                var i = _findNodeIndex(list,attr);
                if(i>=0){
                        var lastIndex = list.length-1;
                        while(i<lastIndex){
                                list[i] = list[++i];
                        }
                        list.length = lastIndex;
                        if(el){
                                var doc = el.ownerDocument;
                                if(doc){
                                        _onRemoveAttribute(doc,el,attr);
                                        attr.ownerElement = null;
                                }
                        }
                }else {
                        throw DOMException$2(NOT_FOUND_ERR,new Error(el.tagName+'@'+attr))
                }
        }
        NamedNodeMap.prototype = {
                length:0,
                item:NodeList.prototype.item,
                getNamedItem: function(key) {
        //              if(key.indexOf(':')>0 || key == 'xmlns'){
        //                      return null;
        //              }
                        //console.log()
                        var i = this.length;
                        while(i--){
                                var attr = this[i];
                                //console.log(attr.nodeName,key)
                                if(attr.nodeName == key){
                                        return attr;
                                }
                        }
                },
                setNamedItem: function(attr) {
                        var el = attr.ownerElement;
                        if(el && el!=this._ownerElement){
                                throw new DOMException$2(INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR);
                        }
                        var oldAttr = this.getNamedItem(attr.nodeName);
                        _addNamedNode(this._ownerElement,this,attr,oldAttr);
                        return oldAttr;
                },
                /* returns Node */
                setNamedItemNS: function(attr) {// raises: WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR,NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR,INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR
                        var el = attr.ownerElement, oldAttr;
                        if(el && el!=this._ownerElement){
                                throw new DOMException$2(INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR);
                        }
                        oldAttr = this.getNamedItemNS(attr.namespaceURI,attr.localName);
                        _addNamedNode(this._ownerElement,this,attr,oldAttr);
                        return oldAttr;
                },

                /* returns Node */
                removeNamedItem: function(key) {
                        var attr = this.getNamedItem(key);
                        _removeNamedNode(this._ownerElement,this,attr);
                        return attr;
                        
                        
                },// raises: NOT_FOUND_ERR,NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR
                
                //for level2
                removeNamedItemNS:function(namespaceURI,localName){
                        var attr = this.getNamedItemNS(namespaceURI,localName);
                        _removeNamedNode(this._ownerElement,this,attr);
                        return attr;
                },
                getNamedItemNS: function(namespaceURI, localName) {
                        var i = this.length;
                        while(i--){
                                var node = this[i];
                                if(node.localName == localName && node.namespaceURI == namespaceURI){
                                        return node;
                                }
                        }
                        return null;
                }
        };
        /**
         * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1/level-one-core.html#ID-102161490
         */
        function DOMImplementation(/* Object */ features) {
                this._features = {};
                if (features) {
                        for (var feature in features) {
                                 this._features = features[feature];
                        }
                }
        }
        DOMImplementation.prototype = {
                hasFeature: function(/* string */ feature, /* string */ version) {
                        var versions = this._features[feature.toLowerCase()];
                        if (versions && (!version || version in versions)) {
                                return true;
                        } else {
                                return false;
                        }
                },
                // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
                createDocument:function(namespaceURI,  qualifiedName, doctype){// raises:INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR,NAMESPACE_ERR,WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR
                        var doc = new Document();
                        doc.implementation = this;
                        doc.childNodes = new NodeList();
                        doc.doctype = doctype;
                        if(doctype){
                                doc.appendChild(doctype);
                        }
                        if(qualifiedName){
                                var root = doc.createElementNS(namespaceURI,qualifiedName);
                                doc.appendChild(root);
                        }
                        return doc;
                },
                // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
                createDocumentType:function(qualifiedName, publicId, systemId){// raises:INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR,NAMESPACE_ERR
                        var node = new DocumentType();
                        node.name = qualifiedName;
                        node.nodeName = qualifiedName;
                        node.publicId = publicId;
                        node.systemId = systemId;
                        // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
                        //readonly attribute DOMString        internalSubset;
                        
                        //TODO:..
                        //  readonly attribute NamedNodeMap     entities;
                        //  readonly attribute NamedNodeMap     notations;
                        return node;
                }
        };


        /**
         * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113/core.html#ID-1950641247
         */

        function Node() {
        }
        Node.prototype = {
                firstChild : null,
                lastChild : null,
                previousSibling : null,
                nextSibling : null,
                attributes : null,
                parentNode : null,
                childNodes : null,
                ownerDocument : null,
                nodeValue : null,
                namespaceURI : null,
                prefix : null,
                localName : null,
                // Modified in DOM Level 2:
                insertBefore:function(newChild, refChild){//raises 
                        return _insertBefore(this,newChild,refChild);
                },
                replaceChild:function(newChild, oldChild){//raises 
                        this.insertBefore(newChild,oldChild);
                        if(oldChild){
                                this.removeChild(oldChild);
                        }
                },
                removeChild:function(oldChild){
                        return _removeChild(this,oldChild);
                },
                appendChild:function(newChild){
                        return this.insertBefore(newChild,null);
                },
                hasChildNodes:function(){
                        return this.firstChild != null;
                },
                cloneNode:function(deep){
                        return cloneNode(this.ownerDocument||this,this,deep);
                },
                // Modified in DOM Level 2:
                normalize:function(){
                        var child = this.firstChild;
                        while(child){
                                var next = child.nextSibling;
                                if(next && next.nodeType == TEXT_NODE && child.nodeType == TEXT_NODE){
                                        this.removeChild(next);
                                        child.appendData(next.data);
                                }else {
                                        child.normalize();
                                        child = next;
                                }
                        }
                },
                // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
                isSupported:function(feature, version){
                        return this.ownerDocument.implementation.hasFeature(feature,version);
                },
            // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
            hasAttributes:function(){
                return this.attributes.length>0;
            },
            lookupPrefix:function(namespaceURI){
                var el = this;
                while(el){
                        var map = el._nsMap;
                        //console.dir(map)
                        if(map){
                                for(var n in map){
                                        if(map[n] == namespaceURI){
                                                return n;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        el = el.nodeType == ATTRIBUTE_NODE?el.ownerDocument : el.parentNode;
                }
                return null;
            },
            // Introduced in DOM Level 3:
            lookupNamespaceURI:function(prefix){
                var el = this;
                while(el){
                        var map = el._nsMap;
                        //console.dir(map)
                        if(map){
                                if(prefix in map){
                                        return map[prefix] ;
                                }
                        }
                        el = el.nodeType == ATTRIBUTE_NODE?el.ownerDocument : el.parentNode;
                }
                return null;
            },
            // Introduced in DOM Level 3:
            isDefaultNamespace:function(namespaceURI){
                var prefix = this.lookupPrefix(namespaceURI);
                return prefix == null;
            }
        };


        function _xmlEncoder(c){
                return c == '<' && '&lt;' ||
                 c == '>' && '&gt;' ||
                 c == '&' && '&amp;' ||
                 c == '"' && '&quot;' ||
                 '&#'+c.charCodeAt()+';'
        }


        copy$2(NodeType,Node);
        copy$2(NodeType,Node.prototype);

        /**
         * @param callback return true for continue,false for break
         * @return boolean true: break visit;
         */
        function _visitNode(node,callback){
                if(callback(node)){
                        return true;
                }
                if(node = node.firstChild){
                        do{
                                if(_visitNode(node,callback)){return true}
                }while(node=node.nextSibling)
            }
        }



        function Document(){
        }
        function _onAddAttribute(doc,el,newAttr){
                doc && doc._inc++;
                var ns = newAttr.namespaceURI ;
                if(ns == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/'){
                        //update namespace
                        el._nsMap[newAttr.prefix?newAttr.localName:''] = newAttr.value;
                }
        }
        function _onRemoveAttribute(doc,el,newAttr,remove){
                doc && doc._inc++;
                var ns = newAttr.namespaceURI ;
                if(ns == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/'){
                        //update namespace
                        delete el._nsMap[newAttr.prefix?newAttr.localName:''];
                }
        }
        function _onUpdateChild(doc,el,newChild){
                if(doc && doc._inc){
                        doc._inc++;
                        //update childNodes
                        var cs = el.childNodes;
                        if(newChild){
                                cs[cs.length++] = newChild;
                        }else {
                                //console.log(1)
                                var child = el.firstChild;
                                var i = 0;
                                while(child){
                                        cs[i++] = child;
                                        child =child.nextSibling;
                                }
                                cs.length = i;
                        }
                }
        }

        /**
         * attributes;
         * children;
         * 
         * writeable properties:
         * nodeValue,Attr:value,CharacterData:data
         * prefix
         */
        function _removeChild(parentNode,child){
                var previous = child.previousSibling;
                var next = child.nextSibling;
                if(previous){
                        previous.nextSibling = next;
                }else {
                        parentNode.firstChild = next;
                }
                if(next){
                        next.previousSibling = previous;
                }else {
                        parentNode.lastChild = previous;
                }
                _onUpdateChild(parentNode.ownerDocument,parentNode);
                return child;
        }
        /**
         * preformance key(refChild == null)
         */
        function _insertBefore(parentNode,newChild,nextChild){
                var cp = newChild.parentNode;
                if(cp){
                        cp.removeChild(newChild);//remove and update
                }
                if(newChild.nodeType === DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE){
                        var newFirst = newChild.firstChild;
                        if (newFirst == null) {
                                return newChild;
                        }
                        var newLast = newChild.lastChild;
                }else {
                        newFirst = newLast = newChild;
                }
                var pre = nextChild ? nextChild.previousSibling : parentNode.lastChild;

                newFirst.previousSibling = pre;
                newLast.nextSibling = nextChild;
                
                
                if(pre){
                        pre.nextSibling = newFirst;
                }else {
                        parentNode.firstChild = newFirst;
                }
                if(nextChild == null){
                        parentNode.lastChild = newLast;
                }else {
                        nextChild.previousSibling = newLast;
                }
                do{
                        newFirst.parentNode = parentNode;
                }while(newFirst !== newLast && (newFirst= newFirst.nextSibling))
                _onUpdateChild(parentNode.ownerDocument||parentNode,parentNode);
                //console.log(parentNode.lastChild.nextSibling == null)
                if (newChild.nodeType == DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE) {
                        newChild.firstChild = newChild.lastChild = null;
                }
                return newChild;
        }
        function _appendSingleChild(parentNode,newChild){
                var cp = newChild.parentNode;
                if(cp){
                        var pre = parentNode.lastChild;
                        cp.removeChild(newChild);//remove and update
                        var pre = parentNode.lastChild;
                }
                var pre = parentNode.lastChild;
                newChild.parentNode = parentNode;
                newChild.previousSibling = pre;
                newChild.nextSibling = null;
                if(pre){
                        pre.nextSibling = newChild;
                }else {
                        parentNode.firstChild = newChild;
                }
                parentNode.lastChild = newChild;
                _onUpdateChild(parentNode.ownerDocument,parentNode,newChild);
                return newChild;
                //console.log("__aa",parentNode.lastChild.nextSibling == null)
        }
        Document.prototype = {
                //implementation : null,
                nodeName :  '#document',
                nodeType :  DOCUMENT_NODE,
                doctype :  null,
                documentElement :  null,
                _inc : 1,
                
                insertBefore :  function(newChild, refChild){//raises 
                        if(newChild.nodeType == DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE){
                                var child = newChild.firstChild;
                                while(child){
                                        var next = child.nextSibling;
                                        this.insertBefore(child,refChild);
                                        child = next;
                                }
                                return newChild;
                        }
                        if(this.documentElement == null && newChild.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE){
                                this.documentElement = newChild;
                        }
                        
                        return _insertBefore(this,newChild,refChild),(newChild.ownerDocument = this),newChild;
                },
                removeChild :  function(oldChild){
                        if(this.documentElement == oldChild){
                                this.documentElement = null;
                        }
                        return _removeChild(this,oldChild);
                },
                // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
                importNode : function(importedNode,deep){
                        return importNode(this,importedNode,deep);
                },
                // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
                getElementById :        function(id){
                        var rtv = null;
                        _visitNode(this.documentElement,function(node){
                                if(node.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE){
                                        if(node.getAttribute('id') == id){
                                                rtv = node;
                                                return true;
                                        }
                                }
                        });
                        return rtv;
                },
                
                //document factory method:
                createElement : function(tagName){
                        var node = new Element();
                        node.ownerDocument = this;
                        node.nodeName = tagName;
                        node.tagName = tagName;
                        node.childNodes = new NodeList();
                        var attrs       = node.attributes = new NamedNodeMap();
                        attrs._ownerElement = node;
                        return node;
                },
                createDocumentFragment :        function(){
                        var node = new DocumentFragment();
                        node.ownerDocument = this;
                        node.childNodes = new NodeList();
                        return node;
                },
                createTextNode :        function(data){
                        var node = new Text();
                        node.ownerDocument = this;
                        node.appendData(data);
                        return node;
                },
                createComment : function(data){
                        var node = new Comment();
                        node.ownerDocument = this;
                        node.appendData(data);
                        return node;
                },
                createCDATASection :    function(data){
                        var node = new CDATASection();
                        node.ownerDocument = this;
                        node.appendData(data);
                        return node;
                },
                createProcessingInstruction :   function(target,data){
                        var node = new ProcessingInstruction();
                        node.ownerDocument = this;
                        node.tagName = node.target = target;
                        node.nodeValue= node.data = data;
                        return node;
                },
                createAttribute :       function(name){
                        var node = new Attr();
                        node.ownerDocument      = this;
                        node.name = name;
                        node.nodeName   = name;
                        node.localName = name;
                        node.specified = true;
                        return node;
                },
                createEntityReference : function(name){
                        var node = new EntityReference();
                        node.ownerDocument      = this;
                        node.nodeName   = name;
                        return node;
                },
                // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
                createElementNS :       function(namespaceURI,qualifiedName){
                        var node = new Element();
                        var pl = qualifiedName.split(':');
                        var attrs       = node.attributes = new NamedNodeMap();
                        node.childNodes = new NodeList();
                        node.ownerDocument = this;
                        node.nodeName = qualifiedName;
                        node.tagName = qualifiedName;
                        node.namespaceURI = namespaceURI;
                        if(pl.length == 2){
                                node.prefix = pl[0];
                                node.localName = pl[1];
                        }else {
                                //el.prefix = null;
                                node.localName = qualifiedName;
                        }
                        attrs._ownerElement = node;
                        return node;
                },
                // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
                createAttributeNS :     function(namespaceURI,qualifiedName){
                        var node = new Attr();
                        var pl = qualifiedName.split(':');
                        node.ownerDocument = this;
                        node.nodeName = qualifiedName;
                        node.name = qualifiedName;
                        node.namespaceURI = namespaceURI;
                        node.specified = true;
                        if(pl.length == 2){
                                node.prefix = pl[0];
                                node.localName = pl[1];
                        }else {
                                //el.prefix = null;
                                node.localName = qualifiedName;
                        }
                        return node;
                }
        };
        _extends(Document,Node);


        function Element() {
                this._nsMap = {};
        }Element.prototype = {
                nodeType : ELEMENT_NODE,
                hasAttribute : function(name){
                        return this.getAttributeNode(name)!=null;
                },
                getAttribute : function(name){
                        var attr = this.getAttributeNode(name);
                        return attr && attr.value || '';
                },
                getAttributeNode : function(name){
                        return this.attributes.getNamedItem(name);
                },
                setAttribute : function(name, value){
                        var attr = this.ownerDocument.createAttribute(name);
                        attr.value = attr.nodeValue = "" + value;
                        this.setAttributeNode(attr);
                },
                removeAttribute : function(name){
                        var attr = this.getAttributeNode(name);
                        attr && this.removeAttributeNode(attr);
                },
                
                //four real opeartion method
                appendChild:function(newChild){
                        if(newChild.nodeType === DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE){
                                return this.insertBefore(newChild,null);
                        }else {
                                return _appendSingleChild(this,newChild);
                        }
                },
                setAttributeNode : function(newAttr){
                        return this.attributes.setNamedItem(newAttr);
                },
                setAttributeNodeNS : function(newAttr){
                        return this.attributes.setNamedItemNS(newAttr);
                },
                removeAttributeNode : function(oldAttr){
                        //console.log(this == oldAttr.ownerElement)
                        return this.attributes.removeNamedItem(oldAttr.nodeName);
                },
                //get real attribute name,and remove it by removeAttributeNode
                removeAttributeNS : function(namespaceURI, localName){
                        var old = this.getAttributeNodeNS(namespaceURI, localName);
                        old && this.removeAttributeNode(old);
                },
                
                hasAttributeNS : function(namespaceURI, localName){
                        return this.getAttributeNodeNS(namespaceURI, localName)!=null;
                },
                getAttributeNS : function(namespaceURI, localName){
                        var attr = this.getAttributeNodeNS(namespaceURI, localName);
                        return attr && attr.value || '';
                },
                setAttributeNS : function(namespaceURI, qualifiedName, value){
                        var attr = this.ownerDocument.createAttributeNS(namespaceURI, qualifiedName);
                        attr.value = attr.nodeValue = "" + value;
                        this.setAttributeNode(attr);
                },
                getAttributeNodeNS : function(namespaceURI, localName){
                        return this.attributes.getNamedItemNS(namespaceURI, localName);
                },
                
                getElementsByTagName : function(tagName){
                        return new LiveNodeList(this,function(base){
                                var ls = [];
                                _visitNode(base,function(node){
                                        if(node !== base && node.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE && (tagName === '*' || node.tagName == tagName)){
                                                ls.push(node);
                                        }
                                });
                                return ls;
                        });
                },
                getElementsByTagNameNS : function(namespaceURI, localName){
                        return new LiveNodeList(this,function(base){
                                var ls = [];
                                _visitNode(base,function(node){
                                        if(node !== base && node.nodeType === ELEMENT_NODE && (namespaceURI === '*' || node.namespaceURI === namespaceURI) && (localName === '*' || node.localName == localName)){
                                                ls.push(node);
                                        }
                                });
                                return ls;
                                
                        });
                }
        };
        Document.prototype.getElementsByTagName = Element.prototype.getElementsByTagName;
        Document.prototype.getElementsByTagNameNS = Element.prototype.getElementsByTagNameNS;


        _extends(Element,Node);
        function Attr() {
        }Attr.prototype.nodeType = ATTRIBUTE_NODE;
        _extends(Attr,Node);


        function CharacterData() {
        }CharacterData.prototype = {
                data : '',
                substringData : function(offset, count) {
                        return this.data.substring(offset, offset+count);
                },
                appendData: function(text) {
                        text = this.data+text;
                        this.nodeValue = this.data = text;
                        this.length = text.length;
                },
                insertData: function(offset,text) {
                        this.replaceData(offset,0,text);
                
                },
                appendChild:function(newChild){
                        throw new Error(ExceptionMessage[HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR])
                },
                deleteData: function(offset, count) {
                        this.replaceData(offset,count,"");
                },
                replaceData: function(offset, count, text) {
                        var start = this.data.substring(0,offset);
                        var end = this.data.substring(offset+count);
                        text = start + text + end;
                        this.nodeValue = this.data = text;
                        this.length = text.length;
                }
        };
        _extends(CharacterData,Node);
        function Text() {
        }Text.prototype = {
                nodeName : "#text",
                nodeType : TEXT_NODE,
                splitText : function(offset) {
                        var text = this.data;
                        var newText = text.substring(offset);
                        text = text.substring(0, offset);
                        this.data = this.nodeValue = text;
                        this.length = text.length;
                        var newNode = this.ownerDocument.createTextNode(newText);
                        if(this.parentNode){
                                this.parentNode.insertBefore(newNode, this.nextSibling);
                        }
                        return newNode;
                }
        };
        _extends(Text,CharacterData);
        function Comment() {
        }Comment.prototype = {
                nodeName : "#comment",
                nodeType : COMMENT_NODE
        };
        _extends(Comment,CharacterData);

        function CDATASection() {
        }CDATASection.prototype = {
                nodeName : "#cdata-section",
                nodeType : CDATA_SECTION_NODE
        };
        _extends(CDATASection,CharacterData);


        function DocumentType() {
        }DocumentType.prototype.nodeType = DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE;
        _extends(DocumentType,Node);

        function Notation() {
        }Notation.prototype.nodeType = NOTATION_NODE;
        _extends(Notation,Node);

        function Entity() {
        }Entity.prototype.nodeType = ENTITY_NODE;
        _extends(Entity,Node);

        function EntityReference() {
        }EntityReference.prototype.nodeType = ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE;
        _extends(EntityReference,Node);

        function DocumentFragment() {
        }DocumentFragment.prototype.nodeName =  "#document-fragment";
        DocumentFragment.prototype.nodeType =   DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE;
        _extends(DocumentFragment,Node);


        function ProcessingInstruction() {
        }
        ProcessingInstruction.prototype.nodeType = PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE;
        _extends(ProcessingInstruction,Node);
        function XMLSerializer$1(){}
        XMLSerializer$1.prototype.serializeToString = function(node,isHtml,nodeFilter){
                return nodeSerializeToString.call(node,isHtml,nodeFilter);
        };
        Node.prototype.toString = nodeSerializeToString;
        function nodeSerializeToString(isHtml,nodeFilter){
                var buf = [];
                var refNode = this.nodeType == 9?this.documentElement:this;
                var prefix = refNode.prefix;
                var uri = refNode.namespaceURI;
                
                if(uri && prefix == null){
                        //console.log(prefix)
                        var prefix = refNode.lookupPrefix(uri);
                        if(prefix == null){
                                //isHTML = true;
                                var visibleNamespaces=[
                                {namespace:uri,prefix:null} ];
                        }
                }
                serializeToString(this,buf,isHtml,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces);
                //console.log('###',this.nodeType,uri,prefix,buf.join(''))
                return buf.join('');
        }
        function needNamespaceDefine(node,isHTML, visibleNamespaces) {
                var prefix = node.prefix||'';
                var uri = node.namespaceURI;
                if (!prefix && !uri){
                        return false;
                }
                if (prefix === "xml" && uri === "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" 
                        || uri == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/'){
                        return false;
                }
                
                var i = visibleNamespaces.length; 
                //console.log('@@@@',node.tagName,prefix,uri,visibleNamespaces)
                while (i--) {
                        var ns = visibleNamespaces[i];
                        // get namespace prefix
                        //console.log(node.nodeType,node.tagName,ns.prefix,prefix)
                        if (ns.prefix == prefix){
                                return ns.namespace != uri;
                        }
                }
                //console.log(isHTML,uri,prefix=='')
                //if(isHTML && prefix ==null && uri == 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'){
                //      return false;
                //}
                //node.flag = '11111'
                //console.error(3,true,node.flag,node.prefix,node.namespaceURI)
                return true;
        }
        function serializeToString(node,buf,isHTML,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces){
                if(nodeFilter){
                        node = nodeFilter(node);
                        if(node){
                                if(typeof node == 'string'){
                                        buf.push(node);
                                        return;
                                }
                        }else {
                                return;
                        }
                        //buf.sort.apply(attrs, attributeSorter);
                }
                switch(node.nodeType){
                case ELEMENT_NODE:
                        if (!visibleNamespaces) { visibleNamespaces = []; }
                        var startVisibleNamespaces = visibleNamespaces.length;
                        var attrs = node.attributes;
                        var len = attrs.length;
                        var child = node.firstChild;
                        var nodeName = node.tagName;
                        
                        isHTML =  (htmlns === node.namespaceURI) ||isHTML; 
                        buf.push('<',nodeName);
                        
                        
                        
                        for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
                                // add namespaces for attributes
                                var attr = attrs.item(i);
                                if (attr.prefix == 'xmlns') {
                                        visibleNamespaces.push({ prefix: attr.localName, namespace: attr.value });
                                }else if(attr.nodeName == 'xmlns'){
                                        visibleNamespaces.push({ prefix: '', namespace: attr.value });
                                }
                        }
                        for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
                                var attr = attrs.item(i);
                                if (needNamespaceDefine(attr,isHTML, visibleNamespaces)) {
                                        var prefix = attr.prefix||'';
                                        var uri = attr.namespaceURI;
                                        var ns = prefix ? ' xmlns:' + prefix : " xmlns";
                                        buf.push(ns, '="' , uri , '"');
                                        visibleNamespaces.push({ prefix: prefix, namespace:uri });
                                }
                                serializeToString(attr,buf,isHTML,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces);
                        }
                        // add namespace for current node               
                        if (needNamespaceDefine(node,isHTML, visibleNamespaces)) {
                                var prefix = node.prefix||'';
                                var uri = node.namespaceURI;
                                var ns = prefix ? ' xmlns:' + prefix : " xmlns";
                                buf.push(ns, '="' , uri , '"');
                                visibleNamespaces.push({ prefix: prefix, namespace:uri });
                        }
                        
                        if(child || isHTML && !/^(?:meta|link|img|br|hr|input)$/i.test(nodeName)){
                                buf.push('>');
                                //if is cdata child node
                                if(isHTML && /^script$/i.test(nodeName)){
                                        while(child){
                                                if(child.data){
                                                        buf.push(child.data);
                                                }else {
                                                        serializeToString(child,buf,isHTML,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces);
                                                }
                                                child = child.nextSibling;
                                        }
                                }else
                                {
                                        while(child){
                                                serializeToString(child,buf,isHTML,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces);
                                                child = child.nextSibling;
                                        }
                                }
                                buf.push('</',nodeName,'>');
                        }else {
                                buf.push('/>');
                        }
                        // remove added visible namespaces
                        //visibleNamespaces.length = startVisibleNamespaces;
                        return;
                case DOCUMENT_NODE:
                case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
                        var child = node.firstChild;
                        while(child){
                                serializeToString(child,buf,isHTML,nodeFilter,visibleNamespaces);
                                child = child.nextSibling;
                        }
                        return;
                case ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
                        return buf.push(' ',node.name,'="',node.value.replace(/[<&"]/g,_xmlEncoder),'"');
                case TEXT_NODE:
                        return buf.push(node.data.replace(/[<&]/g,_xmlEncoder));
                case CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
                        return buf.push( '<![CDATA[',node.data,']]>');
                case COMMENT_NODE:
                        return buf.push( "<!--",node.data,"-->");
                case DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
                        var pubid = node.publicId;
                        var sysid = node.systemId;
                        buf.push('<!DOCTYPE ',node.name);
                        if(pubid){
                                buf.push(' PUBLIC "',pubid);
                                if (sysid && sysid!='.') {
                                        buf.push( '" "',sysid);
                                }
                                buf.push('">');
                        }else if(sysid && sysid!='.'){
                                buf.push(' SYSTEM "',sysid,'">');
                        }else {
                                var sub = node.internalSubset;
                                if(sub){
                                        buf.push(" [",sub,"]");
                                }
                                buf.push(">");
                        }
                        return;
                case PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
                        return buf.push( "<?",node.target," ",node.data,"?>");
                case ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
                        return buf.push( '&',node.nodeName,';');
                //case ENTITY_NODE:
                //case NOTATION_NODE:
                default:
                        buf.push('??',node.nodeName);
                }
        }
        function importNode(doc,node,deep){
                var node2;
                switch (node.nodeType) {
                case ELEMENT_NODE:
                        node2 = node.cloneNode(false);
                        node2.ownerDocument = doc;
                        //var attrs = node2.attributes;
                        //var len = attrs.length;
                        //for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
                                //node2.setAttributeNodeNS(importNode(doc,attrs.item(i),deep));
                        //}
                case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
                        break;
                case ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
                        deep = true;
                        break;
                //case ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
                //case PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
                ////case TEXT_NODE:
                //case CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
                //case COMMENT_NODE:
                //      deep = false;
                //      break;
                //case DOCUMENT_NODE:
                //case DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
                //cannot be imported.
                //case ENTITY_NODE:
                //case NOTATION_NODE：
                //can not hit in level3
                //default:throw e;
                }
                if(!node2){
                        node2 = node.cloneNode(false);//false
                }
                node2.ownerDocument = doc;
                node2.parentNode = null;
                if(deep){
                        var child = node.firstChild;
                        while(child){
                                node2.appendChild(importNode(doc,child,deep));
                                child = child.nextSibling;
                        }
                }
                return node2;
        }
        //
        //var _relationMap = {firstChild:1,lastChild:1,previousSibling:1,nextSibling:1,
        //                                      attributes:1,childNodes:1,parentNode:1,documentElement:1,doctype,};
        function cloneNode(doc,node,deep){
                var node2 = new node.constructor();
                for(var n in node){
                        var v = node[n];
                        if(typeof v != 'object' ){
                                if(v != node2[n]){
                                        node2[n] = v;
                                }
                        }
                }
                if(node.childNodes){
                        node2.childNodes = new NodeList();
                }
                node2.ownerDocument = doc;
                switch (node2.nodeType) {
                case ELEMENT_NODE:
                        var attrs       = node.attributes;
                        var attrs2      = node2.attributes = new NamedNodeMap();
                        var len = attrs.length;
                        attrs2._ownerElement = node2;
                        for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
                                node2.setAttributeNode(cloneNode(doc,attrs.item(i),true));
                        }
                        break;  case ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
                        deep = true;
                }
                if(deep){
                        var child = node.firstChild;
                        while(child){
                                node2.appendChild(cloneNode(doc,child,deep));
                                child = child.nextSibling;
                        }
                }
                return node2;
        }

        function __set__(object,key,value){
                object[key] = value;
        }
        //do dynamic
        try{
                if(Object.defineProperty){
                        Object.defineProperty(LiveNodeList.prototype,'length',{
                                get:function(){
                                        _updateLiveList(this);
                                        return this.$$length;
                                }
                        });
                        Object.defineProperty(Node.prototype,'textContent',{
                                get:function(){
                                        return getTextContent(this);
                                },
                                set:function(data){
                                        switch(this.nodeType){
                                        case ELEMENT_NODE:
                                        case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
                                                while(this.firstChild){
                                                        this.removeChild(this.firstChild);
                                                }
                                                if(data || String(data)){
                                                        this.appendChild(this.ownerDocument.createTextNode(data));
                                                }
                                                break;
                                        default:
                                                //TODO:
                                                this.data = data;
                                                this.value = data;
                                                this.nodeValue = data;
                                        }
                                }
                        });
                        
                        function getTextContent(node){
                                switch(node.nodeType){
                                case ELEMENT_NODE:
                                case DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
                                        var buf = [];
                                        node = node.firstChild;
                                        while(node){
                                                if(node.nodeType!==7 && node.nodeType !==8){
                                                        buf.push(getTextContent(node));
                                                }
                                                node = node.nextSibling;
                                        }
                                        return buf.join('');
                                default:
                                        return node.nodeValue;
                                }
                        }
                        __set__ = function(object,key,value){
                                //console.log(value)
                                object['$$'+key] = value;
                        };
                }
        }catch(e){//ie8
        }

        //if(typeof require == 'function'){
                var DOMImplementation_1 = DOMImplementation;
                var XMLSerializer_1 = XMLSerializer$1;
        //}

        var dom = {
                DOMImplementation: DOMImplementation_1,
                XMLSerializer: XMLSerializer_1
        };

        var domParser = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        function DOMParser(options){
                this.options = options ||{locator:{}};
                
        }
        DOMParser.prototype.parseFromString = function(source,mimeType){
                var options = this.options;
                var sax =  new XMLReader();
                var domBuilder = options.domBuilder || new DOMHandler();//contentHandler and LexicalHandler
                var errorHandler = options.errorHandler;
                var locator = options.locator;
                var defaultNSMap = options.xmlns||{};
                var entityMap = {'lt':'<','gt':'>','amp':'&','quot':'"','apos':"'"};
                if(locator){
                        domBuilder.setDocumentLocator(locator);
                }
                
                sax.errorHandler = buildErrorHandler(errorHandler,domBuilder,locator);
                sax.domBuilder = options.domBuilder || domBuilder;
                if(/\/x?html?$/.test(mimeType)){
                        entityMap.nbsp = '\xa0';
                        entityMap.copy = '\xa9';
                        defaultNSMap['']= 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml';
                }
                defaultNSMap.xml = defaultNSMap.xml || 'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace';
                if(source){
                        sax.parse(source,defaultNSMap,entityMap);
                }else {
                        sax.errorHandler.error("invalid doc source");
                }
                return domBuilder.doc;
        };
        function buildErrorHandler(errorImpl,domBuilder,locator){
                if(!errorImpl){
                        if(domBuilder instanceof DOMHandler){
                                return domBuilder;
                        }
                        errorImpl = domBuilder ;
                }
                var errorHandler = {};
                var isCallback = errorImpl instanceof Function;
                locator = locator||{};
                function build(key){
                        var fn = errorImpl[key];
                        if(!fn && isCallback){
                                fn = errorImpl.length == 2?function(msg){errorImpl(key,msg);}:errorImpl;
                        }
                        errorHandler[key] = fn && function(msg){
                                fn('[xmldom '+key+']\t'+msg+_locator(locator));
                        }||function(){};
                }
                build('warning');
                build('error');
                build('fatalError');
                return errorHandler;
        }

        //console.log('#\n\n\n\n\n\n\n####')
        /**
         * +ContentHandler+ErrorHandler
         * +LexicalHandler+EntityResolver2
         * -DeclHandler-DTDHandler 
         * 
         * DefaultHandler:EntityResolver, DTDHandler, ContentHandler, ErrorHandler
         * DefaultHandler2:DefaultHandler,LexicalHandler, DeclHandler, EntityResolver2
         * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/helpers/DefaultHandler.html
         */
        function DOMHandler() {
            this.cdata = false;
        }
        function position(locator,node){
                node.lineNumber = locator.lineNumber;
                node.columnNumber = locator.columnNumber;
        }
        /**
         * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#startDocument
         * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ContentHandler.html
         */ 
        DOMHandler.prototype = {
                startDocument : function() {
                this.doc = new DOMImplementation().createDocument(null, null, null);
                if (this.locator) {
                        this.doc.documentURI = this.locator.systemId;
                }
                },
                startElement:function(namespaceURI, localName, qName, attrs) {
                        var doc = this.doc;
                    var el = doc.createElementNS(namespaceURI, qName||localName);
                    var len = attrs.length;
                    appendElement(this, el);
                    this.currentElement = el;
                    
                        this.locator && position(this.locator,el);
                    for (var i = 0 ; i < len; i++) {
                        var namespaceURI = attrs.getURI(i);
                        var value = attrs.getValue(i);
                        var qName = attrs.getQName(i);
                                var attr = doc.createAttributeNS(namespaceURI, qName);
                                this.locator &&position(attrs.getLocator(i),attr);
                                attr.value = attr.nodeValue = value;
                                el.setAttributeNode(attr);
                    }
                },
                endElement:function(namespaceURI, localName, qName) {
                        var current = this.currentElement;
                        var tagName = current.tagName;
                        this.currentElement = current.parentNode;
                },
                startPrefixMapping:function(prefix, uri) {
                },
                endPrefixMapping:function(prefix) {
                },
                processingInstruction:function(target, data) {
                    var ins = this.doc.createProcessingInstruction(target, data);
                    this.locator && position(this.locator,ins);
                    appendElement(this, ins);
                },
                ignorableWhitespace:function(ch, start, length) {
                },
                characters:function(chars, start, length) {
                        chars = _toString.apply(this,arguments);
                        //console.log(chars)
                        if(chars){
                                if (this.cdata) {
                                        var charNode = this.doc.createCDATASection(chars);
                                } else {
                                        var charNode = this.doc.createTextNode(chars);
                                }
                                if(this.currentElement){
                                        this.currentElement.appendChild(charNode);
                                }else if(/^\s*$/.test(chars)){
                                        this.doc.appendChild(charNode);
                                        //process xml
                                }
                                this.locator && position(this.locator,charNode);
                        }
                },
                skippedEntity:function(name) {
                },
                endDocument:function() {
                        this.doc.normalize();
                },
                setDocumentLocator:function (locator) {
                    if(this.locator = locator){// && !('lineNumber' in locator)){
                        locator.lineNumber = 0;
                    }
                },
                //LexicalHandler
                comment:function(chars, start, length) {
                        chars = _toString.apply(this,arguments);
                    var comm = this.doc.createComment(chars);
                    this.locator && position(this.locator,comm);
                    appendElement(this, comm);
                },
                
                startCDATA:function() {
                    //used in characters() methods
                    this.cdata = true;
                },
                endCDATA:function() {
                    this.cdata = false;
                },
                
                startDTD:function(name, publicId, systemId) {
                        var impl = this.doc.implementation;
                    if (impl && impl.createDocumentType) {
                        var dt = impl.createDocumentType(name, publicId, systemId);
                        this.locator && position(this.locator,dt);
                        appendElement(this, dt);
                    }
                },
                /**
                 * @see org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler
                 * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ErrorHandler.html
                 */
                warning:function(error) {
                        console.warn('[xmldom warning]\t'+error,_locator(this.locator));
                },
                error:function(error) {
                        console.error('[xmldom error]\t'+error,_locator(this.locator));
                },
                fatalError:function(error) {
                        console.error('[xmldom fatalError]\t'+error,_locator(this.locator));
                    throw error;
                }
        };
        function _locator(l){
                if(l){
                        return '\n@'+(l.systemId ||'')+'#[line:'+l.lineNumber+',col:'+l.columnNumber+']'
                }
        }
        function _toString(chars,start,length){
                if(typeof chars == 'string'){
                        return chars.substr(start,length)
                }else {//java sax connect width xmldom on rhino(what about: "? && !(chars instanceof String)")
                        if(chars.length >= start+length || start){
                                return new java.lang.String(chars,start,length)+'';
                        }
                        return chars;
                }
        }

        /*
         * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ext/LexicalHandler.html
         * used method of org.xml.sax.ext.LexicalHandler:
         *  #comment(chars, start, length)
         *  #startCDATA()
         *  #endCDATA()
         *  #startDTD(name, publicId, systemId)
         *
         *
         * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.ext.LexicalHandler:
         *  #endDTD()
         *  #startEntity(name)
         *  #endEntity(name)
         *
         *
         * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ext/DeclHandler.html
         * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.ext.DeclHandler
         *      #attributeDecl(eName, aName, type, mode, value)
         *  #elementDecl(name, model)
         *  #externalEntityDecl(name, publicId, systemId)
         *  #internalEntityDecl(name, value)
         * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/ext/EntityResolver2.html
         * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.EntityResolver2
         *  #resolveEntity(String name,String publicId,String baseURI,String systemId)
         *  #resolveEntity(publicId, systemId)
         *  #getExternalSubset(name, baseURI)
         * @link http://www.saxproject.org/apidoc/org/xml/sax/DTDHandler.html
         * IGNORED method of org.xml.sax.DTDHandler
         *  #notationDecl(name, publicId, systemId) {};
         *  #unparsedEntityDecl(name, publicId, systemId, notationName) {};
         */
        "endDTD,startEntity,endEntity,attributeDecl,elementDecl,externalEntityDecl,internalEntityDecl,resolveEntity,getExternalSubset,notationDecl,unparsedEntityDecl".replace(/\w+/g,function(key){
                DOMHandler.prototype[key] = function(){return null};
        });

        /* Private static helpers treated below as private instance methods, so don't need to add these to the public API; we might use a Relator to also get rid of non-standard public properties */
        function appendElement (hander,node) {
            if (!hander.currentElement) {
                hander.doc.appendChild(node);
            } else {
                hander.currentElement.appendChild(node);
            }
        }//appendChild and setAttributeNS are preformance key

        //if(typeof require == 'function'){
                var XMLReader = sax.XMLReader;
                var DOMImplementation = exports.DOMImplementation = dom.DOMImplementation;
                exports.XMLSerializer = dom.XMLSerializer ;
                exports.DOMParser = DOMParser;
        //}
        });

        var togeojson = createCommonjsModule(function (module, exports) {
        var toGeoJSON = (function() {

            var removeSpace = /\s*/g,
                trimSpace = /^\s*|\s*$/g,
                splitSpace = /\s+/;
            // generate a short, numeric hash of a string
            function okhash(x) {
                if (!x || !x.length) { return 0; }
                for (var i = 0, h = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
                    h = ((h << 5) - h) + x.charCodeAt(i) | 0;
                } return h;
            }
            // all Y children of X
            function get(x, y) { return x.getElementsByTagName(y); }
            function attr(x, y) { return x.getAttribute(y); }
            function attrf(x, y) { return parseFloat(attr(x, y)); }
            // one Y child of X, if any, otherwise null
            function get1(x, y) { var n = get(x, y); return n.length ? n[0] : null; }
            // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Node.normalize
            function norm(el) { if (el.normalize) { el.normalize(); } return el; }
            // cast array x into numbers
            function numarray(x) {
                for (var j = 0, o = []; j < x.length; j++) { o[j] = parseFloat(x[j]); }
                return o;
            }
            // get the content of a text node, if any
            function nodeVal(x) {
                if (x) { norm(x); }
                return (x && x.textContent) || '';
            }
            // get the contents of multiple text nodes, if present
            function getMulti(x, ys) {
                var o = {}, n, k;
                for (k = 0; k < ys.length; k++) {
                    n = get1(x, ys[k]);
                    if (n) { o[ys[k]] = nodeVal(n); }
                }
                return o;
            }
            // add properties of Y to X, overwriting if present in both
            function extend(x, y) { for (var k in y) { x[k] = y[k]; } }
            // get one coordinate from a coordinate array, if any
            function coord1(v) { return numarray(v.replace(removeSpace, '').split(',')); }
            // get all coordinates from a coordinate array as [[],[]]
            function coord(v) {
                var coords = v.replace(trimSpace, '').split(splitSpace),
                    o = [];
                for (var i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
                    o.push(coord1(coords[i]));
                }
                return o;
            }
            function coordPair(x) {
                var ll = [attrf(x, 'lon'), attrf(x, 'lat')],
                    ele = get1(x, 'ele'),
                    // handle namespaced attribute in browser
                    heartRate = get1(x, 'gpxtpx:hr') || get1(x, 'hr'),
                    time = get1(x, 'time'),
                    e;
                if (ele) {
                    e = parseFloat(nodeVal(ele));
                    if (!isNaN(e)) {
                        ll.push(e);
                    }
                }
                return {
                    coordinates: ll,
                    time: time ? nodeVal(time) : null,
                    heartRate: heartRate ? parseFloat(nodeVal(heartRate)) : null
                };
            }

            // create a new feature collection parent object
            function fc() {
                return {
                    type: 'FeatureCollection',
                    features: []
                };
            }

            var serializer;
            if (typeof XMLSerializer !== 'undefined') {
                /* istanbul ignore next */
                serializer = new XMLSerializer();
            // only require xmldom in a node environment
            } else if ( typeof process === 'object' && !process.browser) {
                serializer = new (domParser.XMLSerializer)();
            }
            function xml2str(str) {
                // IE9 will create a new XMLSerializer but it'll crash immediately.
                // This line is ignored because we don't run coverage tests in IE9
                /* istanbul ignore next */
                if (str.xml !== undefined) { return str.xml; }
                return serializer.serializeToString(str);
            }

            var t = {
                kml: function(doc) {

                    var gj = fc(),
                        // styleindex keeps track of hashed styles in order to match features
                        styleIndex = {}, styleByHash = {},
                        // stylemapindex keeps track of style maps to expose in properties
                        styleMapIndex = {},
                        // atomic geospatial types supported by KML - MultiGeometry is
                        // handled separately
                        geotypes = ['Polygon', 'LineString', 'Point', 'Track', 'gx:Track'],
                        // all root placemarks in the file
                        placemarks = get(doc, 'Placemark'),
                        styles = get(doc, 'Style'),
                        styleMaps = get(doc, 'StyleMap');

                    for (var k = 0; k < styles.length; k++) {
                        var hash = okhash(xml2str(styles[k])).toString(16);
                        styleIndex['#' + attr(styles[k], 'id')] = hash;
                        styleByHash[hash] = styles[k];
                    }
                    for (var l = 0; l < styleMaps.length; l++) {
                        styleIndex['#' + attr(styleMaps[l], 'id')] = okhash(xml2str(styleMaps[l])).toString(16);
                        var pairs = get(styleMaps[l], 'Pair');
                        var pairsMap = {};
                        for (var m = 0; m < pairs.length; m++) {
                            pairsMap[nodeVal(get1(pairs[m], 'key'))] = nodeVal(get1(pairs[m], 'styleUrl'));
                        }
                        styleMapIndex['#' + attr(styleMaps[l], 'id')] = pairsMap;

                    }
                    for (var j = 0; j < placemarks.length; j++) {
                        gj.features = gj.features.concat(getPlacemark(placemarks[j]));
                    }
                    function kmlColor(v) {
                        var color, opacity;
                        v = v || '';
                        if (v.substr(0, 1) === '#') { v = v.substr(1); }
                        if (v.length === 6 || v.length === 3) { color = v; }
                        if (v.length === 8) {
                            opacity = parseInt(v.substr(0, 2), 16) / 255;
                            color = '#' + v.substr(6, 2) +
                                v.substr(4, 2) +
                                v.substr(2, 2);
                        }
                        return [color, isNaN(opacity) ? undefined : opacity];
                    }
                    function gxCoord(v) { return numarray(v.split(' ')); }
                    function gxCoords(root) {
                        var elems = get(root, 'coord'), coords = [], times = [];
                        if (elems.length === 0) { elems = get(root, 'gx:coord'); }
                        for (var i = 0; i < elems.length; i++) { coords.push(gxCoord(nodeVal(elems[i]))); }
                        var timeElems = get(root, 'when');
                        for (var j = 0; j < timeElems.length; j++) { times.push(nodeVal(timeElems[j])); }
                        return {
                            coords: coords,
                            times: times
                        };
                    }
                    function getGeometry(root) {
                        var geomNode, geomNodes, i, j, k, geoms = [], coordTimes = [];
                        if (get1(root, 'MultiGeometry')) { return getGeometry(get1(root, 'MultiGeometry')); }
                        if (get1(root, 'MultiTrack')) { return getGeometry(get1(root, 'MultiTrack')); }
                        if (get1(root, 'gx:MultiTrack')) { return getGeometry(get1(root, 'gx:MultiTrack')); }
                        for (i = 0; i < geotypes.length; i++) {
                            geomNodes = get(root, geotypes[i]);
                            if (geomNodes) {
                                for (j = 0; j < geomNodes.length; j++) {
                                    geomNode = geomNodes[j];
                                    if (geotypes[i] === 'Point') {
                                        geoms.push({
                                            type: 'Point',
                                            coordinates: coord1(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, 'coordinates')))
                                        });
                                    } else if (geotypes[i] === 'LineString') {
                                        geoms.push({
                                            type: 'LineString',
                                            coordinates: coord(nodeVal(get1(geomNode, 'coordinates')))
                                        });
                                    } else if (geotypes[i] === 'Polygon') {
                                        var rings = get(geomNode, 'LinearRing'),
                                            coords = [];
                                        for (k = 0; k < rings.length; k++) {
                                            coords.push(coord(nodeVal(get1(rings[k], 'coordinates'))));
                                        }
                                        geoms.push({
                                            type: 'Polygon',
                                            coordinates: coords
                                        });
                                    } else if (geotypes[i] === 'Track' ||
                                        geotypes[i] === 'gx:Track') {
                                        var track = gxCoords(geomNode);
                                        geoms.push({
                                            type: 'LineString',
                                            coordinates: track.coords
                                        });
                                        if (track.times.length) { coordTimes.push(track.times); }
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        return {
                            geoms: geoms,
                            coordTimes: coordTimes
                        };
                    }
                    function getPlacemark(root) {
                        var geomsAndTimes = getGeometry(root), i, properties = {},
                            name = nodeVal(get1(root, 'name')),
                            address = nodeVal(get1(root, 'address')),
                            styleUrl = nodeVal(get1(root, 'styleUrl')),
                            description = nodeVal(get1(root, 'description')),
                            timeSpan = get1(root, 'TimeSpan'),
                            timeStamp = get1(root, 'TimeStamp'),
                            extendedData = get1(root, 'ExtendedData'),
                            lineStyle = get1(root, 'LineStyle'),
                            polyStyle = get1(root, 'PolyStyle'),
                            visibility = get1(root, 'visibility');

                        if (!geomsAndTimes.geoms.length) { return []; }
                        if (name) { properties.name = name; }
                        if (address) { properties.address = address; }
                        if (styleUrl) {
                            if (styleUrl[0] !== '#') {
                                styleUrl = '#' + styleUrl;
                            }

                            properties.styleUrl = styleUrl;
                            if (styleIndex[styleUrl]) {
                                properties.styleHash = styleIndex[styleUrl];
                            }
                            if (styleMapIndex[styleUrl]) {
                                properties.styleMapHash = styleMapIndex[styleUrl];
                                properties.styleHash = styleIndex[styleMapIndex[styleUrl].normal];
                            }
                            // Try to populate the lineStyle or polyStyle since we got the style hash
                            var style = styleByHash[properties.styleHash];
                            if (style) {
                                if (!lineStyle) { lineStyle = get1(style, 'LineStyle'); }
                                if (!polyStyle) { polyStyle = get1(style, 'PolyStyle'); }
                            }
                        }
                        if (description) { properties.description = description; }
                        if (timeSpan) {
                            var begin = nodeVal(get1(timeSpan, 'begin'));
                            var end = nodeVal(get1(timeSpan, 'end'));
                            properties.timespan = { begin: begin, end: end };
                        }
                        if (timeStamp) {
                            properties.timestamp = nodeVal(get1(timeStamp, 'when'));
                        }
                        if (lineStyle) {
                            var linestyles = kmlColor(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'color'))),
                                color = linestyles[0],
                                opacity = linestyles[1],
                                width = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'width')));
                            if (color) { properties.stroke = color; }
                            if (!isNaN(opacity)) { properties['stroke-opacity'] = opacity; }
                            if (!isNaN(width)) { properties['stroke-width'] = width; }
                        }
                        if (polyStyle) {
                            var polystyles = kmlColor(nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, 'color'))),
                                pcolor = polystyles[0],
                                popacity = polystyles[1],
                                fill = nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, 'fill')),
                                outline = nodeVal(get1(polyStyle, 'outline'));
                            if (pcolor) { properties.fill = pcolor; }
                            if (!isNaN(popacity)) { properties['fill-opacity'] = popacity; }
                            if (fill) { properties['fill-opacity'] = fill === '1' ? properties['fill-opacity'] || 1 : 0; }
                            if (outline) { properties['stroke-opacity'] = outline === '1' ? properties['stroke-opacity'] || 1 : 0; }
                        }
                        if (extendedData) {
                            var datas = get(extendedData, 'Data'),
                                simpleDatas = get(extendedData, 'SimpleData');

                            for (i = 0; i < datas.length; i++) {
                                properties[datas[i].getAttribute('name')] = nodeVal(get1(datas[i], 'value'));
                            }
                            for (i = 0; i < simpleDatas.length; i++) {
                                properties[simpleDatas[i].getAttribute('name')] = nodeVal(simpleDatas[i]);
                            }
                        }
                        if (visibility) {
                            properties.visibility = nodeVal(visibility);
                        }
                        if (geomsAndTimes.coordTimes.length) {
                            properties.coordTimes = (geomsAndTimes.coordTimes.length === 1) ?
                                geomsAndTimes.coordTimes[0] : geomsAndTimes.coordTimes;
                        }
                        var feature = {
                            type: 'Feature',
                            geometry: (geomsAndTimes.geoms.length === 1) ? geomsAndTimes.geoms[0] : {
                                type: 'GeometryCollection',
                                geometries: geomsAndTimes.geoms
                            },
                            properties: properties
                        };
                        if (attr(root, 'id')) { feature.id = attr(root, 'id'); }
                        return [feature];
                    }
                    return gj;
                },
                gpx: function(doc) {
                    var i,
                        tracks = get(doc, 'trk'),
                        routes = get(doc, 'rte'),
                        waypoints = get(doc, 'wpt'),
                        // a feature collection
                        gj = fc(),
                        feature;
                    for (i = 0; i < tracks.length; i++) {
                        feature = getTrack(tracks[i]);
                        if (feature) { gj.features.push(feature); }
                    }
                    for (i = 0; i < routes.length; i++) {
                        feature = getRoute(routes[i]);
                        if (feature) { gj.features.push(feature); }
                    }
                    for (i = 0; i < waypoints.length; i++) {
                        gj.features.push(getPoint(waypoints[i]));
                    }
                    function getPoints(node, pointname) {
                        var pts = get(node, pointname),
                            line = [],
                            times = [],
                            heartRates = [],
                            l = pts.length;
                        if (l < 2) { return {}; }  // Invalid line in GeoJSON
                        for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                            var c = coordPair(pts[i]);
                            line.push(c.coordinates);
                            if (c.time) { times.push(c.time); }
                            if (c.heartRate) { heartRates.push(c.heartRate); }
                        }
                        return {
                            line: line,
                            times: times,
                            heartRates: heartRates
                        };
                    }
                    function getTrack(node) {
                        var segments = get(node, 'trkseg'),
                            track = [],
                            times = [],
                            heartRates = [],
                            line;
                        for (var i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
                            line = getPoints(segments[i], 'trkpt');
                            if (line) {
                                if (line.line) { track.push(line.line); }
                                if (line.times && line.times.length) { times.push(line.times); }
                                if (line.heartRates && line.heartRates.length) { heartRates.push(line.heartRates); }
                            }
                        }
                        if (track.length === 0) { return; }
                        var properties = getProperties(node);
                        extend(properties, getLineStyle(get1(node, 'extensions')));
                        if (times.length) { properties.coordTimes = track.length === 1 ? times[0] : times; }
                        if (heartRates.length) { properties.heartRates = track.length === 1 ? heartRates[0] : heartRates; }
                        return {
                            type: 'Feature',
                            properties: properties,
                            geometry: {
                                type: track.length === 1 ? 'LineString' : 'MultiLineString',
                                coordinates: track.length === 1 ? track[0] : track
                            }
                        };
                    }
                    function getRoute(node) {
                        var line = getPoints(node, 'rtept');
                        if (!line.line) { return; }
                        var prop = getProperties(node);
                        extend(prop, getLineStyle(get1(node, 'extensions')));
                        var routeObj = {
                            type: 'Feature',
                            properties: prop,
                            geometry: {
                                type: 'LineString',
                                coordinates: line.line
                            }
                        };
                        return routeObj;
                    }
                    function getPoint(node) {
                        var prop = getProperties(node);
                        extend(prop, getMulti(node, ['sym']));
                        return {
                            type: 'Feature',
                            properties: prop,
                            geometry: {
                                type: 'Point',
                                coordinates: coordPair(node).coordinates
                            }
                        };
                    }
                    function getLineStyle(extensions) {
                        var style = {};
                        if (extensions) {
                            var lineStyle = get1(extensions, 'line');
                            if (lineStyle) {
                                var color = nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'color')),
                                    opacity = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'opacity'))),
                                    width = parseFloat(nodeVal(get1(lineStyle, 'width')));
                                if (color) { style.stroke = color; }
                                if (!isNaN(opacity)) { style['stroke-opacity'] = opacity; }
                                // GPX width is in mm, convert to px with 96 px per inch
                                if (!isNaN(width)) { style['stroke-width'] = width * 96 / 25.4; }
                            }
                        }
                        return style;
                    }
                    function getProperties(node) {
                        var prop = getMulti(node, ['name', 'cmt', 'desc', 'type', 'time', 'keywords']),
                            links = get(node, 'link');
                        if (links.length) { prop.links = []; }
                        for (var i = 0, link; i < links.length; i++) {
                            link = { href: attr(links[i], 'href') };
                            extend(link, getMulti(links[i], ['text', 'type']));
                            prop.links.push(link);
                        }
                        return prop;
                    }
                    return gj;
                }
            };
            return t;
        })();

        { module.exports = toGeoJSON; }
        });

        var _initialized = false;
        var _enabled = false;
        var _geojson;


        function svgData(projection, context, dispatch) {
            var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
            var _showLabels = true;
            var detected = utilDetect();
            var layer = select(null);
            var _vtService;
            var _fileList;
            var _template;
            var _src;


            function init() {
                if (_initialized) { return; }  // run once

                _geojson = {};
                _enabled = true;

                function over() {
                    event.stopPropagation();
                    event.preventDefault();
                    event.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy';
                }

                context.container()
                    .attr('dropzone', 'copy')
                    .on('drop.svgData', function() {
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        event.preventDefault();
                        if (!detected.filedrop) { return; }
                        drawData.fileList(event.dataTransfer.files);
                    })
                    .on('dragenter.svgData', over)
                    .on('dragexit.svgData', over)
                    .on('dragover.svgData', over);

                _initialized = true;
            }


            function getService() {
                if (services.vectorTile && !_vtService) {
                    _vtService = services.vectorTile;
                    _vtService.event.on('loadedData', throttledRedraw);
                } else if (!services.vectorTile && _vtService) {
                    _vtService = null;
                }

                return _vtService;
            }


            function showLayer() {
                layerOn();

                layer
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 1)
                    .on('end', function () { dispatch.call('change'); });
            }


            function hideLayer() {
                throttledRedraw.cancel();

                layer
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .on('end', layerOff);
            }


            function layerOn() {
                layer.style('display', 'block');
            }


            function layerOff() {
                layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
                layer.style('display', 'none');
            }


            // ensure that all geojson features in a collection have IDs
            function ensureIDs(gj) {
                if (!gj) { return null; }

                if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
                    for (var i = 0; i < gj.features.length; i++) {
                        ensureFeatureID(gj.features[i]);
                    }
                } else {
                    ensureFeatureID(gj);
                }
                return gj;
            }


            // ensure that each single Feature object has a unique ID
            function ensureFeatureID(feature) {
                if (!feature) { return; }
                feature.__featurehash__ = utilHashcode(fastJsonStableStringify(feature));
                return feature;
            }


            // Prefer an array of Features instead of a FeatureCollection
            function getFeatures(gj) {
                if (!gj) { return []; }

                if (gj.type === 'FeatureCollection') {
                    return gj.features;
                } else {
                    return [gj];
                }
            }


            function featureKey(d) {
                return d.__featurehash__;
            }


            function isPolygon(d) {
                return d.geometry.type === 'Polygon' || d.geometry.type === 'MultiPolygon';
            }


            function clipPathID(d) {
                return 'ideditor-data-' + d.__featurehash__ + '-clippath';
            }


            function featureClasses(d) {
                return [
                    'data' + d.__featurehash__,
                    d.geometry.type,
                    isPolygon(d) ? 'area' : '',
                    d.__layerID__ || ''
                ].filter(Boolean).join(' ');
            }


            function drawData(selection) {
                var vtService = getService();
                var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
                var getAreaPath = svgPath(projection, null, true).geojson;
                var hasData = drawData.hasData();

                layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapdata')
                    .data(_enabled && hasData ? [0] : []);

                layer.exit()
                    .remove();

                layer = layer.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-mapdata')
                    .merge(layer);

                var surface = context.surface();
                if (!surface || surface.empty()) { return; }  // not ready to draw yet, starting up


                // Gather data
                var geoData, polygonData;
                if (_template && vtService) {   // fetch data from vector tile service
                    var sourceID = _template;
                    vtService.loadTiles(sourceID, _template, projection);
                    geoData = vtService.data(sourceID, projection);
                } else {
                    geoData = getFeatures(_geojson);
                }
                geoData = geoData.filter(getPath);
                polygonData = geoData.filter(isPolygon);


                // Draw clip paths for polygons
                var clipPaths = surface.selectAll('defs').selectAll('.clipPath-data')
                   .data(polygonData, featureKey);

                clipPaths.exit()
                   .remove();

                var clipPathsEnter = clipPaths.enter()
                   .append('clipPath')
                   .attr('class', 'clipPath-data')
                   .attr('id', clipPathID);

                clipPathsEnter
                   .append('path');

                clipPaths.merge(clipPathsEnter)
                   .selectAll('path')
                   .attr('d', getAreaPath);


                // Draw fill, shadow, stroke layers
                var datagroups = layer
                    .selectAll('g.datagroup')
                    .data(['fill', 'shadow', 'stroke']);

                datagroups = datagroups.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'datagroup datagroup-' + d; })
                    .merge(datagroups);


                // Draw paths
                var pathData = {
                    fill: polygonData,
                    shadow: geoData,
                    stroke: geoData
                };

                var paths = datagroups
                    .selectAll('path')
                    .data(function(layer) { return pathData[layer]; }, featureKey);

                // exit
                paths.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                paths = paths.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', function(d) {
                        var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
                        return 'pathdata ' + datagroup + ' ' + featureClasses(d);
                    })
                    .attr('clip-path', function(d) {
                        var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
                        return datagroup === 'fill' ? ('url(#' + clipPathID(d) + ')') : null;
                    })
                    .merge(paths)
                    .attr('d', function(d) {
                        var datagroup = this.parentNode.__data__;
                        return datagroup === 'fill' ? getAreaPath(d) : getPath(d);
                    });


                // Draw labels
                layer
                    .call(drawLabels, 'label-halo', geoData)
                    .call(drawLabels, 'label', geoData);


                function drawLabels(selection, textClass, data) {
                    var labelPath = d3_geoPath(projection);
                    var labelData = data.filter(function(d) {
                        return _showLabels && d.properties && (d.properties.desc || d.properties.name);
                    });

                    var labels = selection.selectAll('text.' + textClass)
                        .data(labelData, featureKey);

                    // exit
                    labels.exit()
                        .remove();

                    // enter/update
                    labels = labels.enter()
                        .append('text')
                        .attr('class', function(d) { return textClass + ' ' + featureClasses(d); })
                        .merge(labels)
                        .text(function(d) {
                            return d.properties.desc || d.properties.name;
                        })
                        .attr('x', function(d) {
                            var centroid = labelPath.centroid(d);
                            return centroid[0] + 11;
                        })
                        .attr('y', function(d) {
                            var centroid = labelPath.centroid(d);
                            return centroid[1];
                        });
                }
            }


            function getExtension(fileName) {
                if (!fileName) { return; }

                var re = /\.(gpx|kml|(geo)?json)$/i;
                var match = fileName.toLowerCase().match(re);
                return match && match.length && match[0];
            }


            function xmlToDom(textdata) {
                return (new DOMParser()).parseFromString(textdata, 'text/xml');
            }


            drawData.setFile = function(extension, data) {
                _template = null;
                _fileList = null;
                _geojson = null;
                _src = null;

                var gj;
                switch (extension) {
                    case '.gpx':
                        gj = togeojson.gpx(xmlToDom(data));
                        break;
                    case '.kml':
                        gj = togeojson.kml(xmlToDom(data));
                        break;
                    case '.geojson':
                    case '.json':
                        gj = JSON.parse(data);
                        break;
                }

                gj = gj || {};
                if (Object.keys(gj).length) {
                    _geojson = ensureIDs(gj);
                    _src = extension + ' data file';
                    this.fitZoom();
                }

                dispatch.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            drawData.showLabels = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _showLabels; }

                _showLabels = val;
                return this;
            };


            drawData.enabled = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _enabled; }

                _enabled = val;
                if (_enabled) {
                    showLayer();
                } else {
                    hideLayer();
                }

                dispatch.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            drawData.hasData = function() {
                var gj = _geojson || {};
                return !!(_template || Object.keys(gj).length);
            };


            drawData.template = function(val, src) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _template; }

                // test source against OSM imagery blocklists..
                var osm = context.connection();
                if (osm) {
                    var blocklists = osm.imageryBlocklists();
                    var fail = false;
                    var tested = 0;
                    var regex;

                    for (var i = 0; i < blocklists.length; i++) {
                        regex = blocklists[i];
                        fail = regex.test(val);
                        tested++;
                        if (fail) { break; }
                    }

                    // ensure at least one test was run.
                    if (!tested) {
                        regex = /.*\.google(apis)?\..*\/(vt|kh)[\?\/].*([xyz]=.*){3}.*/;
                        fail = regex.test(val);
                    }
                }

                _template = val;
                _fileList = null;
                _geojson = null;

                // strip off the querystring/hash from the template,
                // it often includes the access token
                _src = src || ('vectortile:' + val.split(/[?#]/)[0]);

                dispatch.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            drawData.geojson = function(gj, src) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _geojson; }

                _template = null;
                _fileList = null;
                _geojson = null;
                _src = null;

                gj = gj || {};
                if (Object.keys(gj).length) {
                    _geojson = ensureIDs(gj);
                    _src = src || 'unknown.geojson';
                }

                dispatch.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            drawData.fileList = function(fileList) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _fileList; }

                _template = null;
                _fileList = fileList;
                _geojson = null;
                _src = null;

                if (!fileList || !fileList.length) { return this; }
                var f = fileList[0];
                var extension = getExtension(f.name);
                var reader = new FileReader();
                reader.onload = (function() {
                    return function(e) {
                        drawData.setFile(extension, e.target.result);
                    };
                })();

                reader.readAsText(f);

                return this;
            };


            drawData.url = function(url, defaultExtension) {
                _template = null;
                _fileList = null;
                _geojson = null;
                _src = null;

                // strip off any querystring/hash from the url before checking extension
                var testUrl = url.split(/[?#]/)[0];
                var extension = getExtension(testUrl) || defaultExtension;
                if (extension) {
                    _template = null;
                    d3_text(url)
                        .then(function(data) {
                            drawData.setFile(extension, data);
                        })
                        .catch(function() {
                            /* ignore */
                        });

                } else {
                    drawData.template(url);
                }

                return this;
            };


            drawData.getSrc = function() {
                return _src || '';
            };


            drawData.fitZoom = function() {
                var features = getFeatures(_geojson);
                if (!features.length) { return; }

                var map = context.map();
                var viewport = map.trimmedExtent().polygon();
                var coords = features.reduce(function(coords, feature) {
                    var geom = feature.geometry;
                    if (!geom) { return coords; }

                    var c = geom.coordinates;

                    /* eslint-disable no-fallthrough */
                    switch (geom.type) {
                        case 'Point':
                            c = [c];
                        case 'MultiPoint':
                        case 'LineString':
                            break;

                        case 'MultiPolygon':
                            c = utilArrayFlatten(c);
                        case 'Polygon':
                        case 'MultiLineString':
                            c = utilArrayFlatten(c);
                            break;
                    }
                    /* eslint-enable no-fallthrough */

                    return utilArrayUnion(coords, c);
                }, []);

                if (!geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(viewport, coords, true)) {
                    var extent = geoExtent(d3_geoBounds({ type: 'LineString', coordinates: coords }));
                    map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
                }

                return this;
            };


            init();
            return drawData;
        }

        function svgDebug(projection, context) {

          function drawDebug(selection) {
            var showTile = context.getDebug('tile');
            var showCollision = context.getDebug('collision');
            var showImagery = context.getDebug('imagery');
            var showTouchTargets = context.getDebug('target');
            var showDownloaded = context.getDebug('downloaded');

            var debugData = [];
            if (showTile) {
              debugData.push({ class: 'red', label: 'tile' });
            }
            if (showCollision) {
              debugData.push({ class: 'yellow', label: 'collision' });
            }
            if (showImagery) {
              debugData.push({ class: 'orange', label: 'imagery' });
            }
            if (showTouchTargets) {
              debugData.push({ class: 'pink', label: 'touchTargets' });
            }
            if (showDownloaded) {
              debugData.push({ class: 'purple', label: 'downloaded' });
            }


            var legend = context.container().select('.main-content')
              .selectAll('.debug-legend')
              .data(debugData.length ? [0] : []);

            legend.exit()
              .remove();

            legend = legend.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'fillD debug-legend')
              .merge(legend);


            var legendItems = legend.selectAll('.debug-legend-item')
              .data(debugData, function (d) { return d.label; });

            legendItems.exit()
              .remove();

            legendItems.enter()
              .append('span')
              .attr('class', function (d) { return ("debug-legend-item " + (d.class)); })
              .text(function (d) { return d.label; });


            var layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-debug')
              .data(showImagery || showDownloaded ? [0] : []);

            layer.exit()
              .remove();

            layer = layer.enter()
              .append('g')
              .attr('class', 'layer-debug')
              .merge(layer);


            // imagery
            var extent = context.map().extent();
            _mainFileFetcher.get('imagery')
              .then(function (d) {
                var hits = (showImagery && d.query.bbox(extent.rectangle(), true)) || [];
                var features = hits.map(function (d) { return d.features[d.id]; });

                var imagery = layer.selectAll('path.debug-imagery')
                  .data(features);

                imagery.exit()
                  .remove();

                imagery.enter()
                  .append('path')
                  .attr('class', 'debug-imagery debug orange');
              })
              .catch(function () { /* ignore */ });

            // downloaded
            var osm = context.connection();
            var dataDownloaded = [];
            if (osm && showDownloaded) {
              var rtree = osm.caches('get').tile.rtree;
              dataDownloaded = rtree.all().map(function (bbox) {
                return {
                  type: 'Feature',
                  properties: { id: bbox.id },
                  geometry: {
                    type: 'Polygon',
                    coordinates: [[
                      [ bbox.minX, bbox.minY ],
                      [ bbox.minX, bbox.maxY ],
                      [ bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY ],
                      [ bbox.maxX, bbox.minY ],
                      [ bbox.minX, bbox.minY ]
                    ]]
                  }
                };
              });
            }

            var downloaded = layer
              .selectAll('path.debug-downloaded')
              .data(showDownloaded ? dataDownloaded : []);

            downloaded.exit()
              .remove();

            downloaded.enter()
              .append('path')
              .attr('class', 'debug-downloaded debug purple');

            // update
            layer.selectAll('path')
              .attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);
          }


          // This looks strange because `enabled` methods on other layers are
          // chainable getter/setters, and this one is just a getter.
          drawDebug.enabled = function() {
            if (!arguments.length) {
              return context.getDebug('tile') ||
                context.getDebug('collision') ||
                context.getDebug('imagery') ||
                context.getDebug('target') ||
                context.getDebug('downloaded');
            } else {
                return this;
            }
          };


          return drawDebug;
        }

        var _layerEnabled = false;
        var _qaService;

        function svgKeepRight(projection, context, dispatch) {
          var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { return dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
          var minZoom = 12;

          var touchLayer = select(null);
          var drawLayer = select(null);
          var layerVisible = false;

          function markerPath(selection, klass) {
            selection
              .attr('class', klass)
              .attr('transform', 'translate(-4, -24)')
              .attr('d', 'M11.6,6.2H7.1l1.4-5.1C8.6,0.6,8.1,0,7.5,0H2.2C1.7,0,1.3,0.3,1.3,0.8L0,10.2c-0.1,0.6,0.4,1.1,0.9,1.1h4.6l-1.8,7.6C3.6,19.4,4.1,20,4.7,20c0.3,0,0.6-0.2,0.8-0.5l6.9-11.9C12.7,7,12.3,6.2,11.6,6.2z');
          }

          // Loosely-coupled keepRight service for fetching issues.
          function getService() {
            if (services.keepRight && !_qaService) {
              _qaService = services.keepRight;
              _qaService.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
            } else if (!services.keepRight && _qaService) {
              _qaService = null;
            }

            return _qaService;
          }

          // Show the markers
          function editOn() {
            if (!layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = true;
              drawLayer
                .style('display', 'block');
            }
          }

          // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
          function editOff() {
            if (layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = false;
              drawLayer
                .style('display', 'none');
              drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight')
                .remove();
              touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight')
                .remove();
            }
          }

          // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
          function layerOn() {
            editOn();

            drawLayer
              .style('opacity', 0)
              .transition()
              .duration(250)
              .style('opacity', 1)
              .on('end interrupt', function () { return dispatch.call('change'); });
          }

          // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
          function layerOff() {
            throttledRedraw.cancel();
            drawLayer.interrupt();
            touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight')
              .remove();

            drawLayer
              .transition()
              .duration(250)
              .style('opacity', 0)
              .on('end interrupt', function () {
                editOff();
                dispatch.call('change');
              });
          }

          // Update the issue markers
          function updateMarkers() {
            if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled) { return; }

            var service = getService();
            var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
            var data = (service ? service.getItems(projection) : []);
            var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection);

            // Draw markers..
            var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight')
              .data(data, function (d) { return d.id; });

            // exit
            markers.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var markersEnter = markers.enter()
              .append('g')
                .attr('class', function (d) { return ("qaItem " + (d.service) + " itemId-" + (d.id) + " itemType-" + (d.parentIssueType)); });

            markersEnter
              .append('ellipse')
                .attr('cx', 0.5)
                .attr('cy', 1)
                .attr('rx', 6.5)
                .attr('ry', 3)
                .attr('class', 'stroke');

            markersEnter
              .append('path')
                .call(markerPath, 'shadow');

            markersEnter
              .append('use')
                .attr('class', 'qaItem-fill')
                .attr('width', '20px')
                .attr('height', '20px')
                .attr('x', '-8px')
                .attr('y', '-22px')
                .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-icon-bolt');

            // update
            markers
              .merge(markersEnter)
              .sort(sortY)
                .classed('selected', function (d) { return d.id === selectedID; })
                .attr('transform', getTransform);


            // Draw targets..
            if (touchLayer.empty()) { return; }
            var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';

            var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.keepRight')
              .data(data, function (d) { return d.id; });

            // exit
            targets.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter/update
            targets.enter()
              .append('rect')
                .attr('width', '20px')
                .attr('height', '20px')
                .attr('x', '-8px')
                .attr('y', '-22px')
              .merge(targets)
              .sort(sortY)
                .attr('class', function (d) { return ("qaItem " + (d.service) + " target " + fillClass + " itemId-" + (d.id)); })
                .attr('transform', getTransform);


            function sortY(a, b) {
              return (a.id === selectedID) ? 1
                : (b.id === selectedID) ? -1
                : (a.severity === 'error' && b.severity !== 'error') ? 1
                : (b.severity === 'error' && a.severity !== 'error') ? -1
                : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }
          }

          // Draw the keepRight layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
          function drawKeepRight(selection) {
            var service = getService();

            var surface = context.surface();
            if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
              touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
            }

            drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-keepRight')
              .data(service ? [0] : []);

            drawLayer.exit()
              .remove();

            drawLayer = drawLayer.enter()
              .append('g')
                .attr('class', 'layer-keepRight')
                .style('display', _layerEnabled ? 'block' : 'none')
              .merge(drawLayer);

            if (_layerEnabled) {
              if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                editOn();
                service.loadIssues(projection);
                updateMarkers();
              } else {
                editOff();
              }
            }
          }

          // Toggles the layer on and off
          drawKeepRight.enabled = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _layerEnabled; }

            _layerEnabled = val;
            if (_layerEnabled) {
              layerOn();
            } else {
              layerOff();
              if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
            }

            dispatch.call('change');
            return this;
          };

          drawKeepRight.supported = function () { return !!getService(); };

          return drawKeepRight;
        }

        function svgGeolocate(projection) {
            var layer = select(null);
            var _position;


            function init() {
                if (svgGeolocate.initialized) { return; }  // run once
                svgGeolocate.enabled = false;
                svgGeolocate.initialized = true;
            }

            function showLayer() {
                layer.style('display', 'block');
            }


            function hideLayer() {
                layer
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 0);
            }

            function layerOn() {
                layer
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 1);

            }

            function layerOff() {
                layer.style('display', 'none');
            }

            function transform(d) {
                return svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
            }

            function accuracy(accuracy, loc) { // converts accuracy to pixels...
                var degreesRadius = geoMetersToLat(accuracy),
                    tangentLoc = [loc[0], loc[1] + degreesRadius],
                    projectedTangent = projection(tangentLoc),
                    projectedLoc = projection([loc[0], loc[1]]);

                // southern most point will have higher pixel value...
               return Math.round(projectedLoc[1] - projectedTangent[1]).toString();
            }

            function update() {
                var geolocation = { loc: [_position.coords.longitude, _position.coords.latitude] };

                var groups = layer.selectAll('.geolocations').selectAll('.geolocation')
                    .data([geolocation]);

                groups.exit()
                    .remove();

                var pointsEnter = groups.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'geolocation');

                pointsEnter
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('class', 'geolocate-radius')
                    .attr('dx', '0')
                    .attr('dy', '0')
                    .attr('fill', 'rgb(15,128,225)')
                    .attr('fill-opacity', '0.3')
                    .attr('r', '0');

                pointsEnter
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('dx', '0')
                    .attr('dy', '0')
                    .attr('fill', 'rgb(15,128,225)')
                    .attr('stroke', 'white')
                    .attr('stroke-width', '1.5')
                    .attr('r', '6');

                groups.merge(pointsEnter)
                    .attr('transform', transform);

                layer.select('.geolocate-radius').attr('r', accuracy(_position.coords.accuracy, geolocation.loc));
            }

            function drawLocation(selection) {
                var enabled = svgGeolocate.enabled;

                layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-geolocate')
                    .data([0]);

                layer.exit()
                    .remove();

                var layerEnter = layer.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-geolocate')
                    .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');

                layerEnter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'geolocations');

                layer = layerEnter
                    .merge(layer);

                if (enabled) {
                    update();
                } else {
                    layerOff();
                }
            }

            drawLocation.enabled = function (position, enabled) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return svgGeolocate.enabled; }
                _position = position;
                svgGeolocate.enabled = enabled;
                if (svgGeolocate.enabled) {
                    showLayer();
                    layerOn();
                } else {
                    hideLayer();
                }
                return this;
            };

            init();
            return drawLocation;
        }

        function svgLabels(projection, context) {
            var path = d3_geoPath(projection);
            var detected = utilDetect();
            var baselineHack = (detected.ie ||
                detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'edge' ||
                (detected.browser.toLowerCase() === 'firefox' && detected.version >= 70));
            var _rdrawn = new RBush();
            var _rskipped = new RBush();
            var _textWidthCache = {};
            var _entitybboxes = {};

            // Listed from highest to lowest priority
            var labelStack = [
                ['line', 'aeroway', '*', 12],
                ['line', 'highway', 'motorway', 12],
                ['line', 'highway', 'trunk', 12],
                ['line', 'highway', 'primary', 12],
                ['line', 'highway', 'secondary', 12],
                ['line', 'highway', 'tertiary', 12],
                ['line', 'highway', '*', 12],
                ['line', 'railway', '*', 12],
                ['line', 'waterway', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'aeroway', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'amenity', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'building', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'historic', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'leisure', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'man_made', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'natural', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'shop', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'tourism', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'camp_site', '*', 12],
                ['point', 'aeroway', '*', 10],
                ['point', 'amenity', '*', 10],
                ['point', 'building', '*', 10],
                ['point', 'historic', '*', 10],
                ['point', 'leisure', '*', 10],
                ['point', 'man_made', '*', 10],
                ['point', 'natural', '*', 10],
                ['point', 'shop', '*', 10],
                ['point', 'tourism', '*', 10],
                ['point', 'camp_site', '*', 10],
                ['line', 'name', '*', 12],
                ['area', 'name', '*', 12],
                ['point', 'name', '*', 10]
            ];


            function shouldSkipIcon(preset) {
                var noIcons = ['building', 'landuse', 'natural'];
                return noIcons.some(function(s) {
                    return preset.id.indexOf(s) >= 0;
                });
            }


            function get(array, prop) {
                return function(d, i) { return array[i][prop]; };
            }


            function textWidth(text, size, elem) {
                var c = _textWidthCache[size];
                if (!c) { c = _textWidthCache[size] = {}; }

                if (c[text]) {
                    return c[text];

                } else if (elem) {
                    c[text] = elem.getComputedTextLength();
                    return c[text];

                } else {
                    var str = encodeURIComponent(text).match(/%[CDEFcdef]/g);
                    if (str === null) {
                        return size / 3 * 2 * text.length;
                    } else {
                        return size / 3 * (2 * text.length + str.length);
                    }
                }
            }


            function drawLinePaths(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
                var paths = selection.selectAll('path')
                    .filter(filter)
                    .data(entities, osmEntity.key);

                // exit
                paths.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                paths.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .style('stroke-width', get(labels, 'font-size'))
                    .attr('id', function(d) { return 'ideditor-labelpath-' + d.id; })
                    .attr('class', classes)
                    .merge(paths)
                    .attr('d', get(labels, 'lineString'));
            }


            function drawLineLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
                var texts = selection.selectAll('text.' + classes)
                    .filter(filter)
                    .data(entities, osmEntity.key);

                // exit
                texts.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                texts.enter()
                    .append('text')
                    .attr('class', function(d, i) { return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id; })
                    .attr('dy', baselineHack ? '0.35em' : null)
                    .append('textPath')
                    .attr('class', 'textpath');

                // update
                selection.selectAll('text.' + classes).selectAll('.textpath')
                    .filter(filter)
                    .data(entities, osmEntity.key)
                    .attr('startOffset', '50%')
                    .attr('xlink:href', function(d) { return '#ideditor-labelpath-' + d.id; })
                    .text(utilDisplayNameForPath);
            }


            function drawPointLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
                var texts = selection.selectAll('text.' + classes)
                    .filter(filter)
                    .data(entities, osmEntity.key);

                // exit
                texts.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                texts.enter()
                    .append('text')
                    .attr('class', function(d, i) {
                        return classes + ' ' + labels[i].classes + ' ' + d.id;
                    })
                    .merge(texts)
                    .attr('x', get(labels, 'x'))
                    .attr('y', get(labels, 'y'))
                    .style('text-anchor', get(labels, 'textAnchor'))
                    .text(utilDisplayName)
                    .each(function(d, i) {
                        textWidth(utilDisplayName(d), labels[i].height, this);
                    });
            }


            function drawAreaLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
                entities = entities.filter(hasText);
                labels = labels.filter(hasText);
                drawPointLabels(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels);

                function hasText(d, i) {
                    return labels[i].hasOwnProperty('x') && labels[i].hasOwnProperty('y');
                }
            }


            function drawAreaIcons(selection, entities, filter, classes, labels) {
                var icons = selection.selectAll('use.' + classes)
                    .filter(filter)
                    .data(entities, osmEntity.key);

                // exit
                icons.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                icons.enter()
                    .append('use')
                    .attr('class', 'icon ' + classes)
                    .attr('width', '17px')
                    .attr('height', '17px')
                    .merge(icons)
                    .attr('transform', get(labels, 'transform'))
                    .attr('xlink:href', function(d) {
                        var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(d, context.graph());
                        var picon = preset && preset.icon;

                        if (!picon) {
                            return '';
                        } else {
                            var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
                            return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-15' : '');
                        }
                    });
            }


            function drawCollisionBoxes(selection, rtree, which) {
                var classes = 'debug ' + which + ' ' + (which === 'debug-skipped' ? 'orange' : 'yellow');

                var gj = [];
                if (context.getDebug('collision')) {
                    gj = rtree.all().map(function(d) {
                        return { type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [[
                            [d.minX, d.minY],
                            [d.maxX, d.minY],
                            [d.maxX, d.maxY],
                            [d.minX, d.maxY],
                            [d.minX, d.minY]
                        ]]};
                    });
                }

                var boxes = selection.selectAll('.' + which)
                    .data(gj);

                // exit
                boxes.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                boxes.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', classes)
                    .merge(boxes)
                    .attr('d', d3_geoPath());
            }


            function drawLabels(selection, graph, entities, filter, dimensions, fullRedraw) {
                var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
                var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());

                var labelable = [];
                var renderNodeAs = {};
                var i, j, k, entity, geometry;

                for (i = 0; i < labelStack.length; i++) {
                    labelable.push([]);
                }

                if (fullRedraw) {
                    _rdrawn.clear();
                    _rskipped.clear();
                    _entitybboxes = {};

                } else {
                    for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
                        entity = entities[i];
                        var toRemove = []
                            .concat(_entitybboxes[entity.id] || [])
                            .concat(_entitybboxes[entity.id + 'I'] || []);

                        for (j = 0; j < toRemove.length; j++) {
                            _rdrawn.remove(toRemove[j]);
                            _rskipped.remove(toRemove[j]);
                        }
                    }
                }

                // Loop through all the entities to do some preprocessing
                for (i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
                    entity = entities[i];
                    geometry = entity.geometry(graph);

                    // Insert collision boxes around interesting points/vertices
                    if (geometry === 'point' || (geometry === 'vertex' && isInterestingVertex(entity))) {
                        var hasDirections = entity.directions(graph, projection).length;
                        var markerPadding;

                        if (!wireframe && geometry === 'point' && !(zoom >= 18 && hasDirections)) {
                            renderNodeAs[entity.id] = 'point';
                            markerPadding = 20;   // extra y for marker height
                        } else {
                            renderNodeAs[entity.id] = 'vertex';
                            markerPadding = 0;
                        }

                        var coord = projection(entity.loc);
                        var nodePadding = 10;
                        var bbox = {
                            minX: coord[0] - nodePadding,
                            minY: coord[1] - nodePadding - markerPadding,
                            maxX: coord[0] + nodePadding,
                            maxY: coord[1] + nodePadding
                        };

                        doInsert(bbox, entity.id + 'P');
                    }

                    // From here on, treat vertices like points
                    if (geometry === 'vertex') {
                        geometry = 'point';
                    }

                    // Determine which entities are label-able
                    var preset = geometry === 'area' && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
                    var icon = preset && !shouldSkipIcon(preset) && preset.icon;

                    if (!icon && !utilDisplayName(entity))
                        { continue; }

                    for (k = 0; k < labelStack.length; k++) {
                        var matchGeom = labelStack[k][0];
                        var matchKey = labelStack[k][1];
                        var matchVal = labelStack[k][2];
                        var hasVal = entity.tags[matchKey];

                        if (geometry === matchGeom && hasVal && (matchVal === '*' || matchVal === hasVal)) {
                            labelable[k].push(entity);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }

                var positions = {
                    point: [],
                    line: [],
                    area: []
                };

                var labelled = {
                    point: [],
                    line: [],
                    area: []
                };

                // Try and find a valid label for labellable entities
                for (k = 0; k < labelable.length; k++) {
                    var fontSize = labelStack[k][3];

                    for (i = 0; i < labelable[k].length; i++) {
                        entity = labelable[k][i];
                        geometry = entity.geometry(graph);

                        var getName = (geometry === 'line') ? utilDisplayNameForPath : utilDisplayName;
                        var name = getName(entity);
                        var width = name && textWidth(name, fontSize);
                        var p = null;

                        if (geometry === 'point' || geometry === 'vertex') {
                            // no point or vertex labels in wireframe mode
                            // no vertex labels at low zooms (vertices have no icons)
                            if (wireframe) { continue; }
                            var renderAs = renderNodeAs[entity.id];
                            if (renderAs === 'vertex' && zoom < 17) { continue; }

                            p = getPointLabel(entity, width, fontSize, renderAs);

                        } else if (geometry === 'line') {
                            p = getLineLabel(entity, width, fontSize);

                        } else if (geometry === 'area') {
                            p = getAreaLabel(entity, width, fontSize);
                        }

                        if (p) {
                            if (geometry === 'vertex') { geometry = 'point'; }  // treat vertex like point
                            p.classes = geometry + ' tag-' + labelStack[k][1];
                            positions[geometry].push(p);
                            labelled[geometry].push(entity);
                        }
                    }
                }


                function isInterestingVertex(entity) {
                    var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();

                    return entity.hasInterestingTags() ||
                        entity.isEndpoint(graph) ||
                        entity.isConnected(graph) ||
                        selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id) !== -1 ||
                        graph.parentWays(entity).some(function(parent) {
                            return selectedIDs.indexOf(parent.id) !== -1;
                        });
                }


                function getPointLabel(entity, width, height, geometry) {
                    var y = (geometry === 'point' ? -12 : 0);
                    var pointOffsets = {
                        ltr: [15, y, 'start'],
                        rtl: [-15, y, 'end']
                    };

                    var textDirection = _mainLocalizer.textDirection();

                    var coord = projection(entity.loc);
                    var textPadding = 2;
                    var offset = pointOffsets[textDirection];
                    var p = {
                        height: height,
                        width: width,
                        x: coord[0] + offset[0],
                        y: coord[1] + offset[1],
                        textAnchor: offset[2]
                    };

                    // insert a collision box for the text label..
                    var bbox;
                    if (textDirection === 'rtl') {
                        bbox = {
                            minX: p.x - width - textPadding,
                            minY: p.y - (height / 2) - textPadding,
                            maxX: p.x + textPadding,
                            maxY: p.y + (height / 2) + textPadding
                        };
                    } else {
                        bbox = {
                            minX: p.x - textPadding,
                            minY: p.y - (height / 2) - textPadding,
                            maxX: p.x + width + textPadding,
                            maxY: p.y + (height / 2) + textPadding
                        };
                    }

                    if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id, true)) {
                        return p;
                    }
                }


                function getLineLabel(entity, width, height) {
                    var viewport = geoExtent(context.projection.clipExtent()).polygon();
                    var points = graph.childNodes(entity)
                        .map(function(node) { return projection(node.loc); });
                    var length = geoPathLength(points);

                    if (length < width + 20) { return; }

                    // % along the line to attempt to place the label
                    var lineOffsets = [50, 45, 55, 40, 60, 35, 65, 30, 70,
                                       25, 75, 20, 80, 15, 95, 10, 90, 5, 95];
                    var padding = 3;

                    for (var i = 0; i < lineOffsets.length; i++) {
                        var offset = lineOffsets[i];
                        var middle = offset / 100 * length;
                        var start = middle - width / 2;

                        if (start < 0 || start + width > length) { continue; }

                        // generate subpath and ignore paths that are invalid or don't cross viewport.
                        var sub = subpath(points, start, start + width);
                        if (!sub || !geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon(viewport, sub, true)) {
                            continue;
                        }

                        var isReverse = reverse(sub);
                        if (isReverse) {
                            sub = sub.reverse();
                        }

                        var bboxes = [];
                        var boxsize = (height + 2) / 2;

                        for (var j = 0; j < sub.length - 1; j++) {
                            var a = sub[j];
                            var b = sub[j + 1];

                            // split up the text into small collision boxes
                            var num = Math.max(1, Math.floor(geoVecLength(a, b) / boxsize / 2));

                            for (var box = 0; box < num; box++) {
                                var p = geoVecInterp(a, b, box / num);
                                var x0 = p[0] - boxsize - padding;
                                var y0 = p[1] - boxsize - padding;
                                var x1 = p[0] + boxsize + padding;
                                var y1 = p[1] + boxsize + padding;

                                bboxes.push({
                                    minX: Math.min(x0, x1),
                                    minY: Math.min(y0, y1),
                                    maxX: Math.max(x0, x1),
                                    maxY: Math.max(y0, y1)
                                });
                            }
                        }

                        if (tryInsert(bboxes, entity.id, false)) {   // accept this one
                            return {
                                'font-size': height + 2,
                                lineString: lineString(sub),
                                startOffset: offset + '%'
                            };
                        }
                    }

                    function reverse(p) {
                        var angle = Math.atan2(p[1][1] - p[0][1], p[1][0] - p[0][0]);
                        return !(p[0][0] < p[p.length - 1][0] && angle < Math.PI/2 && angle > -Math.PI/2);
                    }

                    function lineString(points) {
                        return 'M' + points.join('L');
                    }

                    function subpath(points, from, to) {
                        var sofar = 0;
                        var start, end, i0, i1;

                        for (var i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
                            var a = points[i];
                            var b = points[i + 1];
                            var current = geoVecLength(a, b);
                            var portion;
                            if (!start && sofar + current >= from) {
                                portion = (from - sofar) / current;
                                start = [
                                    a[0] + portion * (b[0] - a[0]),
                                    a[1] + portion * (b[1] - a[1])
                                ];
                                i0 = i + 1;
                            }
                            if (!end && sofar + current >= to) {
                                portion = (to - sofar) / current;
                                end = [
                                    a[0] + portion * (b[0] - a[0]),
                                    a[1] + portion * (b[1] - a[1])
                                ];
                                i1 = i + 1;
                            }
                            sofar += current;
                        }

                        var result = points.slice(i0, i1);
                        result.unshift(start);
                        result.push(end);
                        return result;
                    }
                }


                function getAreaLabel(entity, width, height) {
                    var centroid = path.centroid(entity.asGeoJSON(graph, true));
                    var extent = entity.extent(graph);
                    var areaWidth = projection(extent[1])[0] - projection(extent[0])[0];

                    if (isNaN(centroid[0]) || areaWidth < 20) { return; }

                    var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
                    var picon = preset && preset.icon;
                    var iconSize = 17;
                    var padding = 2;
                    var p = {};

                    if (picon) {  // icon and label..
                        if (addIcon()) {
                            addLabel(iconSize + padding);
                            return p;
                        }
                    } else {   // label only..
                        if (addLabel(0)) {
                            return p;
                        }
                    }


                    function addIcon() {
                        var iconX = centroid[0] - (iconSize / 2);
                        var iconY = centroid[1] - (iconSize / 2);
                        var bbox = {
                            minX: iconX,
                            minY: iconY,
                            maxX: iconX + iconSize,
                            maxY: iconY + iconSize
                        };

                        if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id + 'I', true)) {
                            p.transform = 'translate(' + iconX + ',' + iconY + ')';
                            return true;
                        }
                        return false;
                    }

                    function addLabel(yOffset) {
                        if (width && areaWidth >= width + 20) {
                            var labelX = centroid[0];
                            var labelY = centroid[1] + yOffset;
                            var bbox = {
                                minX: labelX - (width / 2) - padding,
                                minY: labelY - (height / 2) - padding,
                                maxX: labelX + (width / 2) + padding,
                                maxY: labelY + (height / 2) + padding
                            };

                            if (tryInsert([bbox], entity.id, true)) {
                                p.x = labelX;
                                p.y = labelY;
                                p.textAnchor = 'middle';
                                p.height = height;
                                return true;
                            }
                        }
                        return false;
                    }
                }


                // force insert a singular bounding box
                // singular box only, no array, id better be unique
                function doInsert(bbox, id) {
                    bbox.id = id;

                    var oldbox = _entitybboxes[id];
                    if (oldbox) {
                        _rdrawn.remove(oldbox);
                    }
                    _entitybboxes[id] = bbox;
                    _rdrawn.insert(bbox);
                }


                function tryInsert(bboxes, id, saveSkipped) {
                    var skipped = false;

                    for (var i = 0; i < bboxes.length; i++) {
                        var bbox = bboxes[i];
                        bbox.id = id;

                        // Check that label is visible
                        if (bbox.minX < 0 || bbox.minY < 0 || bbox.maxX > dimensions[0] || bbox.maxY > dimensions[1]) {
                            skipped = true;
                            break;
                        }
                        if (_rdrawn.collides(bbox)) {
                            skipped = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    _entitybboxes[id] = bboxes;

                    if (skipped) {
                        if (saveSkipped) {
                            _rskipped.load(bboxes);
                        }
                    } else {
                        _rdrawn.load(bboxes);
                    }

                    return !skipped;
                }


                var layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.labels');
                layer.selectAll('.labels-group')
                    .data(['halo', 'label', 'debug'])
                    .enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'labels-group ' + d; });

                var halo = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.halo');
                var label = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.label');
                var debug = layer.selectAll('.labels-group.debug');

                // points
                drawPointLabels(label, labelled.point, filter, 'pointlabel', positions.point);
                drawPointLabels(halo, labelled.point, filter, 'pointlabel-halo', positions.point);

                // lines
                drawLinePaths(layer, labelled.line, filter, '', positions.line);
                drawLineLabels(label, labelled.line, filter, 'linelabel', positions.line);
                drawLineLabels(halo, labelled.line, filter, 'linelabel-halo', positions.line);

                // areas
                drawAreaLabels(label, labelled.area, filter, 'arealabel', positions.area);
                drawAreaLabels(halo, labelled.area, filter, 'arealabel-halo', positions.area);
                drawAreaIcons(label, labelled.area, filter, 'areaicon', positions.area);
                drawAreaIcons(halo, labelled.area, filter, 'areaicon-halo', positions.area);

                // debug
                drawCollisionBoxes(debug, _rskipped, 'debug-skipped');
                drawCollisionBoxes(debug, _rdrawn, 'debug-drawn');

                layer.call(filterLabels);
            }


            function filterLabels(selection) {
                var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.labels');
                var layers = drawLayer.selectAll('.labels-group.halo, .labels-group.label');

                layers.selectAll('.nolabel')
                    .classed('nolabel', false);

                var mouse = context.map().mouse();
                var graph = context.graph();
                var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs();
                var ids = [];
                var pad, bbox;

                // hide labels near the mouse
                if (mouse) {
                    pad = 20;
                    bbox = { minX: mouse[0] - pad, minY: mouse[1] - pad, maxX: mouse[0] + pad, maxY: mouse[1] + pad };
                    var nearMouse = _rdrawn.search(bbox).map(function(entity) { return entity.id; });
                    ids.push.apply(ids, nearMouse);
                }

                // hide labels on selected nodes (they look weird when dragging / haloed)
                for (var i = 0; i < selectedIDs.length; i++) {
                    var entity = graph.hasEntity(selectedIDs[i]);
                    if (entity && entity.type === 'node') {
                        ids.push(selectedIDs[i]);
                    }
                }

                layers.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(ids))
                    .classed('nolabel', true);


                // draw the mouse bbox if debugging is on..
                var debug = selection.selectAll('.labels-group.debug');
                var gj = [];
                if (context.getDebug('collision')) {
                    gj = bbox ? [{
                        type: 'Polygon',
                        coordinates: [[
                            [bbox.minX, bbox.minY],
                            [bbox.maxX, bbox.minY],
                            [bbox.maxX, bbox.maxY],
                            [bbox.minX, bbox.maxY],
                            [bbox.minX, bbox.minY]
                        ]]
                    }] : [];
                }

                var box = debug.selectAll('.debug-mouse')
                    .data(gj);

                // exit
                box.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                box.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', 'debug debug-mouse yellow')
                    .merge(box)
                    .attr('d', d3_geoPath());
            }


            var throttleFilterLabels = throttle(filterLabels, 100);


            drawLabels.observe = function(selection) {
                var listener = function() { throttleFilterLabels(selection); };
                selection.on('mousemove.hidelabels', listener);
                context.on('enter.hidelabels', listener);
            };


            drawLabels.off = function(selection) {
                throttleFilterLabels.cancel();
                selection.on('mousemove.hidelabels', null);
                context.on('enter.hidelabels', null);
            };


            return drawLabels;
        }

        var _layerEnabled$1 = false;
        var _qaService$1;

        function svgImproveOSM(projection, context, dispatch) {
          var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { return dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
          var minZoom = 12;

          var touchLayer = select(null);
          var drawLayer = select(null);
          var layerVisible = false;

          function markerPath(selection, klass) {
            selection
              .attr('class', klass)
              .attr('transform', 'translate(-10, -28)')
              .attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
          }

          // Loosely-coupled improveOSM service for fetching issues
          function getService() {
            if (services.improveOSM && !_qaService$1) {
              _qaService$1 = services.improveOSM;
              _qaService$1.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
            } else if (!services.improveOSM && _qaService$1) {
              _qaService$1 = null;
            }

            return _qaService$1;
          }

          // Show the markers
          function editOn() {
            if (!layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = true;
              drawLayer
                .style('display', 'block');
            }
          }

          // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
          function editOff() {
            if (layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = false;
              drawLayer
                .style('display', 'none');
              drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM')
                .remove();
              touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM')
                .remove();
            }
          }

          // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
          function layerOn() {
            editOn();

            drawLayer
              .style('opacity', 0)
              .transition()
              .duration(250)
              .style('opacity', 1)
              .on('end interrupt', function () { return dispatch.call('change'); });
          }

          // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
          function layerOff() {
            throttledRedraw.cancel();
            drawLayer.interrupt();
            touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM')
              .remove();

            drawLayer
              .transition()
              .duration(250)
              .style('opacity', 0)
              .on('end interrupt', function () {
                editOff();
                dispatch.call('change');
              });
          }

          // Update the issue markers
          function updateMarkers() {
            if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled$1) { return; }

            var service = getService();
            var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
            var data = (service ? service.getItems(projection) : []);
            var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection);

            // Draw markers..
            var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM')
              .data(data, function (d) { return d.id; });

            // exit
            markers.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var markersEnter = markers.enter()
              .append('g')
                .attr('class', function (d) { return ("qaItem " + (d.service) + " itemId-" + (d.id) + " itemType-" + (d.itemType)); });

            markersEnter
              .append('polygon')
                .call(markerPath, 'shadow');

            markersEnter
              .append('ellipse')
                .attr('cx', 0)
                .attr('cy', 0)
                .attr('rx', 4.5)
                .attr('ry', 2)
                .attr('class', 'stroke');

            markersEnter
              .append('polygon')
                .attr('fill', 'currentColor')
                .call(markerPath, 'qaItem-fill');

            markersEnter
              .append('use')
                .attr('transform', 'translate(-6.5, -23)')
                .attr('class', 'icon-annotation')
                .attr('width', '13px')
                .attr('height', '13px')
                .attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
                  var picon = d.icon;

                  if (!picon) {
                  return '';
                  } else {
                  var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
                  return ("#" + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : ''));
                  }
                });

            // update
            markers
              .merge(markersEnter)
              .sort(sortY)
                .classed('selected', function (d) { return d.id === selectedID; })
                .attr('transform', getTransform);


            // Draw targets..
            if (touchLayer.empty()) { return; }
            var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';

            var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.improveOSM')
              .data(data, function (d) { return d.id; });

            // exit
            targets.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter/update
            targets.enter()
              .append('rect')
                .attr('width', '20px')
                .attr('height', '30px')
                .attr('x', '-10px')
                .attr('y', '-28px')
              .merge(targets)
              .sort(sortY)
                .attr('class', function (d) { return ("qaItem " + (d.service) + " target " + fillClass + " itemId-" + (d.id)); })
                .attr('transform', getTransform);

            function sortY(a, b) {
              return (a.id === selectedID) ? 1
                : (b.id === selectedID) ? -1
                : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }
          }

          // Draw the ImproveOSM layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
          function drawImproveOSM(selection) {
            var service = getService();

            var surface = context.surface();
            if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
              touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
            }

            drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-improveOSM')
              .data(service ? [0] : []);

            drawLayer.exit()
              .remove();

            drawLayer = drawLayer.enter()
              .append('g')
                .attr('class', 'layer-improveOSM')
                .style('display', _layerEnabled$1 ? 'block' : 'none')
              .merge(drawLayer);

            if (_layerEnabled$1) {
              if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                editOn();
                service.loadIssues(projection);
                updateMarkers();
              } else {
                editOff();
              }
            }
          }

          // Toggles the layer on and off
          drawImproveOSM.enabled = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _layerEnabled$1; }

            _layerEnabled$1 = val;
            if (_layerEnabled$1) {
              layerOn();
            } else {
              layerOff();
              if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
            }

            dispatch.call('change');
            return this;
          };

          drawImproveOSM.supported = function () { return !!getService(); };

          return drawImproveOSM;
        }

        var _layerEnabled$2 = false;
        var _qaService$2;

        function svgOsmose(projection, context, dispatch) {
          var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { return dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
          var minZoom = 12;

          var touchLayer = select(null);
          var drawLayer = select(null);
          var layerVisible = false;

          function markerPath(selection, klass) {
            selection
              .attr('class', klass)
              .attr('transform', 'translate(-10, -28)')
              .attr('points', '16,3 4,3 1,6 1,17 4,20 7,20 10,27 13,20 16,20 19,17.033 19,6');
          }

          // Loosely-coupled osmose service for fetching issues
          function getService() {
            if (services.osmose && !_qaService$2) {
              _qaService$2 = services.osmose;
              _qaService$2.on('loaded', throttledRedraw);
            } else if (!services.osmose && _qaService$2) {
              _qaService$2 = null;
            }

            return _qaService$2;
          }

          // Show the markers
          function editOn() {
            if (!layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = true;
              drawLayer
                .style('display', 'block');
            }
          }

          // Immediately remove the markers and their touch targets
          function editOff() {
            if (layerVisible) {
              layerVisible = false;
              drawLayer
                .style('display', 'none');
              drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose')
                .remove();
              touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose')
                .remove();
            }
          }

          // Enable the layer.  This shows the markers and transitions them to visible.
          function layerOn() {
            editOn();

            drawLayer
              .style('opacity', 0)
              .transition()
              .duration(250)
              .style('opacity', 1)
              .on('end interrupt', function () { return dispatch.call('change'); });
          }

          // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the markers.
          function layerOff() {
            throttledRedraw.cancel();
            drawLayer.interrupt();
            touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose')
              .remove();

            drawLayer
              .transition()
              .duration(250)
              .style('opacity', 0)
              .on('end interrupt', function () {
                editOff();
                dispatch.call('change');
              });
          }

          // Update the issue markers
          function updateMarkers() {
            if (!layerVisible || !_layerEnabled$2) { return; }

            var service = getService();
            var selectedID = context.selectedErrorID();
            var data = (service ? service.getItems(projection) : []);
            var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection);

            // Draw markers..
            var markers = drawLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose')
              .data(data, function (d) { return d.id; });

            // exit
            markers.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter
            var markersEnter = markers.enter()
              .append('g')
                .attr('class', function (d) { return ("qaItem " + (d.service) + " itemId-" + (d.id) + " itemType-" + (d.itemType)); });

            markersEnter
              .append('polygon')
                .call(markerPath, 'shadow');

            markersEnter
              .append('ellipse')
                .attr('cx', 0)
                .attr('cy', 0)
                .attr('rx', 4.5)
                .attr('ry', 2)
                .attr('class', 'stroke');

            markersEnter
              .append('polygon')
                .attr('fill', function (d) { return service.getColor(d.item); })
                .call(markerPath, 'qaItem-fill');

            markersEnter
              .append('use')
                .attr('transform', 'translate(-6.5, -23)')
                .attr('class', 'icon-annotation')
                .attr('width', '13px')
                .attr('height', '13px')
                .attr('xlink:href', function (d) {
                  var picon = d.icon;

                  if (!picon) {
                    return '';
                  } else {
                    var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
                    return ("#" + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : ''));
                  }
                });

            // update
            markers
              .merge(markersEnter)
              .sort(sortY)
                .classed('selected', function (d) { return d.id === selectedID; })
                .attr('transform', getTransform);

            // Draw targets..
            if (touchLayer.empty()) { return; }
            var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink' : 'nocolor';

            var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.qaItem.osmose')
              .data(data, function (d) { return d.id; });

            // exit
            targets.exit()
              .remove();

            // enter/update
            targets.enter()
              .append('rect')
                .attr('width', '20px')
                .attr('height', '30px')
                .attr('x', '-10px')
                .attr('y', '-28px')
              .merge(targets)
              .sort(sortY)
                .attr('class', function (d) { return ("qaItem " + (d.service) + " target " + fillClass + " itemId-" + (d.id)); })
                .attr('transform', getTransform);

            function sortY(a, b) {
              return (a.id === selectedID) ? 1
                : (b.id === selectedID) ? -1
                : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }
          }

          // Draw the Osmose layer and schedule loading issues and updating markers.
          function drawOsmose(selection) {
            var service = getService();

            var surface = context.surface();
            if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
              touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
            }

            drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osmose')
              .data(service ? [0] : []);

            drawLayer.exit()
              .remove();

            drawLayer = drawLayer.enter()
              .append('g')
                .attr('class', 'layer-osmose')
                .style('display', _layerEnabled$2 ? 'block' : 'none')
              .merge(drawLayer);

            if (_layerEnabled$2) {
              if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                editOn();
                service.loadIssues(projection);
                updateMarkers();
              } else {
                editOff();
              }
            }
          }

          // Toggles the layer on and off
          drawOsmose.enabled = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _layerEnabled$2; }

            _layerEnabled$2 = val;
            if (_layerEnabled$2) {
              // Strings supplied by Osmose fetched before showing layer for first time
              // NOTE: Currently no way to change locale in iD at runtime, would need to re-call this method if that's ever implemented
              // Also, If layer is toggled quickly multiple requests are sent
              getService().loadStrings()
                .then(layerOn)
                .catch(function (err) {
                  console.log(err); // eslint-disable-line no-console
                });
            } else {
              layerOff();
              if (context.selectedErrorID()) {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
              }
            }

            dispatch.call('change');
            return this;
          };

          drawOsmose.supported = function () { return !!getService(); };

          return drawOsmose;
        }

        function svgStreetside(projection, context, dispatch) {
            var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
            var minZoom = 14;
            var minMarkerZoom = 16;
            var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
            var layer = select(null);
            var _viewerYaw = 0;
            var _selectedSequence = null;
            var _streetside;

            /**
             * init().
             */
            function init() {
                if (svgStreetside.initialized) { return; }  // run once
                svgStreetside.enabled = false;
                svgStreetside.initialized = true;
            }

            /**
             * getService().
             */
            function getService() {
                if (services.streetside && !_streetside) {
                    _streetside = services.streetside;
                    _streetside.event
                        .on('viewerChanged.svgStreetside', viewerChanged)
                        .on('loadedBubbles.svgStreetside', throttledRedraw);
                } else if (!services.streetside && _streetside) {
                    _streetside = null;
                }

                return _streetside;
            }

            /**
             * showLayer().
             */
            function showLayer() {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                editOn();

                layer
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 1)
                    .on('end', function () { dispatch.call('change'); });
            }

            /**
             * hideLayer().
             */
            function hideLayer() {
                throttledRedraw.cancel();

                layer
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .on('end', editOff);
            }

            /**
             * editOn().
             */
            function editOn() {
                layer.style('display', 'block');
            }

            /**
             * editOff().
             */
            function editOff() {
                layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
                layer.style('display', 'none');
            }

            /**
             * click() Handles 'bubble' point click event.
             */
            function click(d) {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                // try to preserve the viewer rotation when staying on the same sequence
                if (d.sequenceKey !== _selectedSequence) {
                    _viewerYaw = 0;  // reset
                }
                _selectedSequence = d.sequenceKey;

                service
                    .selectImage(context, d)
                    .then(function (response) {
                        if (response.status === 'ok'){
                            service.showViewer(context, _viewerYaw);
                        }
                    });


                context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
            }

            /**
             * mouseover().
             */
            function mouseover(d) {
                var service = getService();
                if (service) { service.setStyles(context, d); }
            }

            /**
             * mouseout().
             */
            function mouseout() {
                var service = getService();
                if (service) { service.setStyles(context, null); }
            }

            /**
             * transform().
             */
            function transform(d) {
                var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
                var rot = d.ca + _viewerYaw;
                if (rot) {
                    t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(rot) + ',0,0)';
                }
                return t;
            }


            function viewerChanged() {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                var viewer = service.viewer();
                if (!viewer) { return; }

                // update viewfield rotation
                _viewerYaw = viewer.getYaw();

                // avoid updating if the map is currently transformed
                // e.g. during drags or easing.
                if (context.map().isTransformed()) { return; }

                layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group.currentView')
                    .attr('transform', transform);
            }


            context.photos().on('change.streetside', update);

            /**
             * update().
             */
            function update() {
                var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
                var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();
                var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
                var showMarkers = (z >= minMarkerZoom);
                var showViewfields = (z >= minViewfieldZoom);
                var service = getService();

                var sequences = [];
                var bubbles = [];

                if (context.photos().showsPanoramic()) {
                    sequences = (service ? service.sequences(projection) : []);
                    bubbles = (service && showMarkers ? service.bubbles(projection) : []);
                }

                var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence')
                    .data(sequences, function(d) { return d.properties.key; });

                // exit
                traces.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                traces = traces.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', 'sequence')
                    .merge(traces)
                    .attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);


                var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group')
                    .data(bubbles, function(d) {
                        // force reenter once bubbles are attached to a sequence
                        return d.key + (d.sequenceKey ? 'v1' : 'v0');
                    });

                // exit
                groups.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var groupsEnter = groups.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield-group')
                    .on('mouseenter', mouseover)
                    .on('mouseleave', mouseout)
                    .on('click', click);

                groupsEnter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield-scale');

                // update
                var markers = groups
                    .merge(groupsEnter)
                    .sort(function(a, b) {
                        return (a === selected) ? 1
                            : (b === selected) ? -1
                            : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
                    })
                    .attr('transform', transform)
                    .select('.viewfield-scale');


                markers.selectAll('circle')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('dx', '0')
                    .attr('dy', '0')
                    .attr('r', '6');

                var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield')
                    .data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);

                viewfields.exit()
                    .remove();

                // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
                // but if they are, draw below the circles
                viewfields.enter()
                    .insert('path', 'circle')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield')
                    .attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)')
                    .attr('d', viewfieldPath);

                function viewfieldPath() {
                    var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
                    if (d.pano) {
                        return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
                    } else {
                        return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
                    }
                }

            }

            /**
             * drawImages()
             * drawImages is the method that is returned (and that runs) every time 'svgStreetside()' is called.
             * 'svgStreetside()' is called from index.js
             */
            function drawImages(selection) {
                var enabled = svgStreetside.enabled;
                var service = getService();

                layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-streetside-images')
                    .data(service ? [0] : []);

                layer.exit()
                    .remove();

                var layerEnter = layer.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-streetside-images')
                    .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');

                layerEnter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'sequences');

                layerEnter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'markers');

                layer = layerEnter
                    .merge(layer);

                if (enabled) {
                    if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                        editOn();
                        update();
                        service.loadBubbles(projection);
                    } else {
                        editOff();
                    }
                }
            }


            /**
             * drawImages.enabled().
             */
            drawImages.enabled = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return svgStreetside.enabled; }
                svgStreetside.enabled = _;
                if (svgStreetside.enabled) {
                    showLayer();
                } else {
                    hideLayer();
                }
                dispatch.call('change');
                return this;
            };

            /**
             * drawImages.supported().
             */
            drawImages.supported = function() {
                return !!getService();
            };

            init();

            return drawImages;
        }

        function svgMapillaryImages(projection, context, dispatch) {
            var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
            var minZoom = 12;
            var minMarkerZoom = 16;
            var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
            var layer = select(null);
            var _mapillary;
            var viewerCompassAngle;


            function init() {
                if (svgMapillaryImages.initialized) { return; }  // run once
                svgMapillaryImages.enabled = false;
                svgMapillaryImages.initialized = true;
            }


            function getService() {
                if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
                    _mapillary = services.mapillary;
                    _mapillary.event.on('loadedImages', throttledRedraw);
                    _mapillary.event.on('bearingChanged', function(e) {
                        viewerCompassAngle = e;

                        // avoid updating if the map is currently transformed
                        // e.g. during drags or easing.
                        if (context.map().isTransformed()) { return; }

                        layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group.currentView')
                            .filter(function(d) {
                                return d.pano;
                            })
                            .attr('transform', transform);
                    });
                } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
                    _mapillary = null;
                }

                return _mapillary;
            }


            function showLayer() {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                editOn();

                layer
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 1)
                    .on('end', function () { dispatch.call('change'); });
            }


            function hideLayer() {
                throttledRedraw.cancel();

                layer
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .on('end', editOff);
            }


            function editOn() {
                layer.style('display', 'block');
            }


            function editOff() {
                layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
                layer.style('display', 'none');
            }


            function click(d) {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                service
                    .selectImage(context, d.key)
                    .updateViewer(context, d.key)
                    .showViewer(context);

                context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
            }


            function mouseover(d) {
                var service = getService();
                if (service) { service.setStyles(context, d); }
            }


            function mouseout() {
                var service = getService();
                if (service) { service.setStyles(context, null); }
            }


            function transform(d) {
                var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
                if (d.pano && viewerCompassAngle !== null && isFinite(viewerCompassAngle)) {
                    t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(viewerCompassAngle) + ',0,0)';
                } else if (d.ca) {
                    t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
                }
                return t;
            }

            context.photos().on('change.mapillary_images', update);

            function filterImages(images) {
                var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
                var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
                if (!showsPano || !showsFlat) {
                    images = images.filter(function(image) {
                        if (image.pano) { return showsPano; }
                        return showsFlat;
                    });
                }
                return images;
            }

            function filterSequences(sequences, service) {
                var showsPano = context.photos().showsPanoramic();
                var showsFlat = context.photos().showsFlat();
                if (!showsPano || !showsFlat) {
                    sequences = sequences.filter(function(sequence) {
                        if (sequence.properties.hasOwnProperty('pano')) {
                            if (sequence.properties.pano) { return showsPano; }
                            return showsFlat;
                        } else {
                            // if the sequence doesn't specify pano or not, search its images
                            var cProps = sequence.properties.coordinateProperties;
                            if (cProps && cProps.image_keys && cProps.image_keys.length > 0) {
                                for (var index in cProps.image_keys) {
                                    var imageKey = cProps.image_keys[index];
                                    var image = service.cachedImage(imageKey);
                                    if (image && image.hasOwnProperty('pano')) {
                                        if (image.pano) { return showsPano; }
                                        return showsFlat;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    });
                }
                return sequences;
            }

            function update() {

                var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
                var showMarkers = (z >= minMarkerZoom);
                var showViewfields = (z >= minViewfieldZoom);

                var service = getService();
                var selectedKey = service && service.getSelectedImageKey();
                var sequences = (service ? service.sequences(projection) : []);
                var images = (service && showMarkers ? service.images(projection) : []);

                images = filterImages(images);
                sequences = filterSequences(sequences, service);

                var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence')
                    .data(sequences, function(d) { return d.properties.key; });

                // exit
                traces.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                traces = traces.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', 'sequence')
                    .merge(traces)
                    .attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);


                var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group')
                    .data(images, function(d) { return d.key; });

                // exit
                groups.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var groupsEnter = groups.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield-group')
                    .on('mouseenter', mouseover)
                    .on('mouseleave', mouseout)
                    .on('click', click);

                groupsEnter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield-scale');

                // update
                var markers = groups
                    .merge(groupsEnter)
                    .sort(function(a, b) {
                        return (a.key === selectedKey) ? 1
                            : (b.key === selectedKey) ? -1
                            : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];  // sort Y
                    })
                    .attr('transform', transform)
                    .select('.viewfield-scale');


                markers.selectAll('circle')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('dx', '0')
                    .attr('dy', '0')
                    .attr('r', '6');

                var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield')
                    .data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);

                viewfields.exit()
                    .remove();

                viewfields.enter()               // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
                    .insert('path', 'circle')    // but if they are, draw below the circles
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield')
                    .classed('pano', function() { return this.parentNode.__data__.pano; })
                    .attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)')
                    .attr('d', viewfieldPath);

                function viewfieldPath() {
                    var d = this.parentNode.__data__;
                    if (d.pano) {
                        return 'M 8,13 m -10,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 20,0 a 10,10 0 1,0 -20,0';
                    } else {
                        return 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z';
                    }
                }
            }


            function drawImages(selection) {
                var enabled = svgMapillaryImages.enabled;
                var service = getService();

                layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary')
                    .data(service ? [0] : []);

                layer.exit()
                    .remove();

                var layerEnter = layer.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-mapillary')
                    .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');

                layerEnter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'sequences');

                layerEnter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'markers');

                layer = layerEnter
                    .merge(layer);

                if (enabled) {
                    if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                        editOn();
                        update();
                        service.loadImages(projection);
                    } else {
                        editOff();
                    }
                }
            }


            drawImages.enabled = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return svgMapillaryImages.enabled; }
                svgMapillaryImages.enabled = _;
                if (svgMapillaryImages.enabled) {
                    showLayer();
                } else {
                    hideLayer();
                }
                dispatch.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            drawImages.supported = function() {
                return !!getService();
            };


            init();
            return drawImages;
        }

        function svgMapillarySigns(projection, context, dispatch) {
            var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
            var minZoom = 12;
            var layer = select(null);
            var _mapillary;


            function init() {
                if (svgMapillarySigns.initialized) { return; }  // run once
                svgMapillarySigns.enabled = false;
                svgMapillarySigns.initialized = true;
            }


            function getService() {
                if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
                    _mapillary = services.mapillary;
                    _mapillary.event.on('loadedSigns', throttledRedraw);
                } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
                    _mapillary = null;
                }
                return _mapillary;
            }


            function showLayer() {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                editOn();
            }


            function hideLayer() {
                throttledRedraw.cancel();
                editOff();
            }


            function editOn() {
                layer.style('display', 'block');
            }


            function editOff() {
                layer.selectAll('.icon-sign').remove();
                layer.style('display', 'none');
            }


            function click(d) {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                context.map().centerEase(d.loc);

                var selectedImageKey = service.getSelectedImageKey();
                var imageKey;

                // Pick one of the images the sign was detected in,
                // preference given to an image already selected.
                d.detections.forEach(function(detection) {
                    if (!imageKey || selectedImageKey === detection.image_key) {
                        imageKey = detection.image_key;
                    }
                });

                service
                    .selectImage(context, imageKey)
                    .updateViewer(context, imageKey)
                    .showViewer(context);
            }


            function update() {
                var service = getService();
                var data = (service ? service.signs(projection) : []);
                var selectedImageKey = service.getSelectedImageKey();
                var transform = svgPointTransform(projection);

                var signs = layer.selectAll('.icon-sign')
                    .data(data, function(d) { return d.key; });

                // exit
                signs.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var enter = signs.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'icon-sign icon-detected')
                    .on('click', click);

                enter
                    .append('use')
                    .attr('width', '24px')
                    .attr('height', '24px')
                    .attr('x', '-12px')
                    .attr('y', '-12px')
                    .attr('xlink:href', function(d) { return '#' + d.value; });

                enter
                    .append('rect')
                    .attr('width', '24px')
                    .attr('height', '24px')
                    .attr('x', '-12px')
                    .attr('y', '-12px');

                // update
                signs
                    .merge(enter)
                    .attr('transform', transform)
                    .classed('currentView', function(d) {
                        return d.detections.some(function(detection) {
                            return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
                        });
                    })
                    .sort(function(a, b) {
                        var aSelected = a.detections.some(function(detection) {
                            return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
                        });
                        var bSelected = b.detections.some(function(detection) {
                            return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
                        });
                        if (aSelected === bSelected) {
                            return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
                        } else if (aSelected) {
                            return 1;
                        }
                        return -1;
                    });
            }


            function drawSigns(selection) {
                var enabled = svgMapillarySigns.enabled;
                var service = getService();

                layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-signs')
                    .data(service ? [0] : []);

                layer.exit()
                    .remove();

                layer = layer.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-signs layer-mapillary-detections')
                    .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none')
                    .merge(layer);

                if (enabled) {
                    if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                        editOn();
                        update();
                        service.loadSigns(projection);
                    } else {
                        editOff();
                    }
                }
            }


            drawSigns.enabled = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return svgMapillarySigns.enabled; }
                svgMapillarySigns.enabled = _;
                if (svgMapillarySigns.enabled) {
                    showLayer();
                } else {
                    hideLayer();
                }
                dispatch.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            drawSigns.supported = function() {
                return !!getService();
            };


            init();
            return drawSigns;
        }

        function svgMapillaryMapFeatures(projection, context, dispatch) {
            var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
            var minZoom = 12;
            var layer = select(null);
            var _mapillary;


            function init() {
                if (svgMapillaryMapFeatures.initialized) { return; }  // run once
                svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled = false;
                svgMapillaryMapFeatures.initialized = true;
            }


            function getService() {
                if (services.mapillary && !_mapillary) {
                    _mapillary = services.mapillary;
                    _mapillary.event.on('loadedMapFeatures', throttledRedraw);
                } else if (!services.mapillary && _mapillary) {
                    _mapillary = null;
                }
                return _mapillary;
            }


            function showLayer() {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                editOn();
            }


            function hideLayer() {
                throttledRedraw.cancel();
                editOff();
            }


            function editOn() {
                layer.style('display', 'block');
            }


            function editOff() {
                layer.selectAll('.icon-map-feature').remove();
                layer.style('display', 'none');
            }


            function click(d) {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                context.map().centerEase(d.loc);

                var selectedImageKey = service.getSelectedImageKey();
                var imageKey;

                // Pick one of the images the map feature was detected in,
                // preference given to an image already selected.
                d.detections.forEach(function(detection) {
                    if (!imageKey || selectedImageKey === detection.image_key) {
                        imageKey = detection.image_key;
                    }
                });

                service
                    .selectImage(context, imageKey)
                    .updateViewer(context, imageKey)
                    .showViewer(context);
            }


            function update() {
                var service = getService();
                var data = (service ? service.mapFeatures(projection) : []);
                var selectedImageKey = service && service.getSelectedImageKey();
                var transform = svgPointTransform(projection);

                var mapFeatures = layer.selectAll('.icon-map-feature')
                    .data(data, function(d) { return d.key; });

                // exit
                mapFeatures.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var enter = mapFeatures.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'icon-map-feature icon-detected')
                    .on('click', click);

                enter
                    .append('title')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        var id = d.value.replace(/--/g, '.').replace(/-/g, '_');
                        return _t('mapillary_map_features.' + id);
                    });

                enter
                    .append('use')
                    .attr('width', '24px')
                    .attr('height', '24px')
                    .attr('x', '-12px')
                    .attr('y', '-12px')
                    .attr('xlink:href', function(d) {
                        if (d.value === 'object--billboard') {
                            // no billboard icon right now, so use the advertisement icon
                            return '#object--sign--advertisement';
                        }
                        return '#' + d.value;
                    });

                enter
                    .append('rect')
                    .attr('width', '24px')
                    .attr('height', '24px')
                    .attr('x', '-12px')
                    .attr('y', '-12px');

                // update
                mapFeatures
                    .merge(enter)
                    .attr('transform', transform)
                    .classed('currentView', function(d) {
                        return d.detections.some(function(detection) {
                            return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
                        });
                    })
                    .sort(function(a, b) {
                        var aSelected = a.detections.some(function(detection) {
                            return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
                        });
                        var bSelected = b.detections.some(function(detection) {
                            return detection.image_key === selectedImageKey;
                        });
                        if (aSelected === bSelected) {
                            return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1]; // sort Y
                        } else if (aSelected) {
                            return 1;
                        }
                        return -1;
                    });
            }


            function drawMapFeatures(selection) {
                var enabled = svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled;
                var service = getService();

                layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-mapillary-map-features')
                    .data(service ? [0] : []);

                layer.exit()
                    .remove();

                layer = layer.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-mapillary-map-features layer-mapillary-detections')
                    .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none')
                    .merge(layer);

                if (enabled) {
                    if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                        editOn();
                        update();
                        service.loadMapFeatures(projection);
                    } else {
                        editOff();
                    }
                }
            }


            drawMapFeatures.enabled = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled; }
                svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled = _;
                if (svgMapillaryMapFeatures.enabled) {
                    showLayer();
                } else {
                    hideLayer();
                }
                dispatch.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            drawMapFeatures.supported = function() {
                return !!getService();
            };


            init();
            return drawMapFeatures;
        }

        function svgOpenstreetcamImages(projection, context, dispatch) {
            var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch.call('change'); }, 1000);
            var minZoom = 12;
            var minMarkerZoom = 16;
            var minViewfieldZoom = 18;
            var layer = select(null);
            var _openstreetcam;


            function init() {
                if (svgOpenstreetcamImages.initialized) { return; }  // run once
                svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled = false;
                svgOpenstreetcamImages.initialized = true;
            }


            function getService() {
                if (services.openstreetcam && !_openstreetcam) {
                    _openstreetcam = services.openstreetcam;
                    _openstreetcam.event.on('loadedImages', throttledRedraw);
                } else if (!services.openstreetcam && _openstreetcam) {
                    _openstreetcam = null;
                }

                return _openstreetcam;
            }


            function showLayer() {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                editOn();

                layer
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 1)
                    .on('end', function () { dispatch.call('change'); });
            }


            function hideLayer() {
                throttledRedraw.cancel();

                layer
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .on('end', editOff);
            }


            function editOn() {
                layer.style('display', 'block');
            }


            function editOff() {
                layer.selectAll('.viewfield-group').remove();
                layer.style('display', 'none');
            }


            function click(d) {
                var service = getService();
                if (!service) { return; }

                service
                    .selectImage(context, d)
                    .updateViewer(context, d)
                    .showViewer(context);

                context.map().centerEase(d.loc);
            }


            function mouseover(d) {
                var service = getService();
                if (service) { service.setStyles(context, d); }
            }


            function mouseout() {
                var service = getService();
                if (service) { service.setStyles(context, null); }
            }


            function transform(d) {
                var t = svgPointTransform(projection)(d);
                if (d.ca) {
                    t += ' rotate(' + Math.floor(d.ca) + ',0,0)';
                }
                return t;
            }


            context.photos().on('change.openstreetcam_images', update);

            function update() {
                var viewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
                var selected = viewer.empty() ? undefined : viewer.datum();

                var z = ~~context.map().zoom();
                var showMarkers = (z >= minMarkerZoom);
                var showViewfields = (z >= minViewfieldZoom);

                var service = getService();
                var sequences = [];
                var images = [];

                if (context.photos().showsFlat()) {
                    sequences = (service ? service.sequences(projection) : []);
                    images = (service && showMarkers ? service.images(projection) : []);
                }

                var traces = layer.selectAll('.sequences').selectAll('.sequence')
                    .data(sequences, function(d) { return d.properties.key; });

                // exit
                traces.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                traces = traces.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', 'sequence')
                    .merge(traces)
                    .attr('d', svgPath(projection).geojson);


                var groups = layer.selectAll('.markers').selectAll('.viewfield-group')
                    .data(images, function(d) { return d.key; });

                // exit
                groups.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var groupsEnter = groups.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield-group')
                    .on('mouseenter', mouseover)
                    .on('mouseleave', mouseout)
                    .on('click', click);

                groupsEnter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield-scale');

                // update
                var markers = groups
                    .merge(groupsEnter)
                    .sort(function(a, b) {
                        return (a === selected) ? 1
                            : (b === selected) ? -1
                            : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];  // sort Y
                    })
                    .attr('transform', transform)
                    .select('.viewfield-scale');


                markers.selectAll('circle')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('dx', '0')
                    .attr('dy', '0')
                    .attr('r', '6');

                var viewfields = markers.selectAll('.viewfield')
                    .data(showViewfields ? [0] : []);

                viewfields.exit()
                    .remove();

                viewfields.enter()               // viewfields may or may not be drawn...
                    .insert('path', 'circle')    // but if they are, draw below the circles
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield')
                    .attr('transform', 'scale(1.5,1.5),translate(-8, -13)')
                    .attr('d', 'M 6,9 C 8,8.4 8,8.4 10,9 L 16,-2 C 12,-5 4,-5 0,-2 z');
            }


            function drawImages(selection) {
                var enabled = svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled,
                    service = getService();

                layer = selection.selectAll('.layer-openstreetcam')
                    .data(service ? [0] : []);

                layer.exit()
                    .remove();

                var layerEnter = layer.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-openstreetcam')
                    .style('display', enabled ? 'block' : 'none');

                layerEnter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'sequences');

                layerEnter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'markers');

                layer = layerEnter
                    .merge(layer);

                if (enabled) {
                    if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                        editOn();
                        update();
                        service.loadImages(projection);
                    } else {
                        editOff();
                    }
                }
            }


            drawImages.enabled = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled; }
                svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled = _;
                if (svgOpenstreetcamImages.enabled) {
                    showLayer();
                } else {
                    hideLayer();
                }
                dispatch.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            drawImages.supported = function() {
                return !!getService();
            };


            init();
            return drawImages;
        }

        function svgOsm(projection, context, dispatch) {
            var enabled = true;


            function drawOsm(selection) {
                selection.selectAll('.layer-osm')
                    .data(['covered', 'areas', 'lines', 'points', 'labels'])
                    .enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'layer-osm ' + d; });

                selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points').selectAll('.points-group')
                    .data(['points', 'midpoints', 'vertices', 'turns'])
                    .enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'points-group ' + d; });
            }


            function showLayer() {
                var layer = context.surface().selectAll('.data-layer.osm');
                layer.interrupt();

                layer
                    .classed('disabled', false)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 1)
                    .on('end interrupt', function () {
                        dispatch.call('change');
                    });
            }


            function hideLayer() {
                var layer = context.surface().selectAll('.data-layer.osm');
                layer.interrupt();

                layer
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .on('end interrupt', function () {
                        layer.classed('disabled', true);
                        dispatch.call('change');
                    });
            }


            drawOsm.enabled = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return enabled; }
                enabled = val;

                if (enabled) {
                    showLayer();
                } else {
                    hideLayer();
                }

                dispatch.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            return drawOsm;
        }

        var _notesEnabled = false;
        var _osmService;


        function svgNotes(projection, context, dispatch$1) {
            if (!dispatch$1) { dispatch$1 = dispatch('change'); }
            var throttledRedraw = throttle(function () { dispatch$1.call('change'); }, 1000);
            var minZoom = 12;
            var touchLayer = select(null);
            var drawLayer = select(null);
            var _notesVisible = false;


            function markerPath(selection, klass) {
                selection
                    .attr('class', klass)
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(-8, -22)')
                    .attr('d', 'm17.5,0l-15,0c-1.37,0 -2.5,1.12 -2.5,2.5l0,11.25c0,1.37 1.12,2.5 2.5,2.5l3.75,0l0,3.28c0,0.38 0.43,0.6 0.75,0.37l4.87,-3.65l5.62,0c1.37,0 2.5,-1.12 2.5,-2.5l0,-11.25c0,-1.37 -1.12,-2.5 -2.5,-2.5z');
            }


            // Loosely-coupled osm service for fetching notes.
            function getService() {
                if (services.osm && !_osmService) {
                    _osmService = services.osm;
                    _osmService.on('loadedNotes', throttledRedraw);
                } else if (!services.osm && _osmService) {
                    _osmService = null;
                }

                return _osmService;
            }


            // Show the notes
            function editOn() {
                if (!_notesVisible) {
                    _notesVisible = true;
                    drawLayer
                        .style('display', 'block');
                }
            }


            // Immediately remove the notes and their touch targets
            function editOff() {
                if (_notesVisible) {
                    _notesVisible = false;
                    drawLayer
                        .style('display', 'none');
                    drawLayer.selectAll('.note')
                        .remove();
                    touchLayer.selectAll('.note')
                        .remove();
                }
            }


            // Enable the layer.  This shows the notes and transitions them to visible.
            function layerOn() {
                editOn();

                drawLayer
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 1)
                    .on('end interrupt', function () {
                        dispatch$1.call('change');
                    });
            }


            // Disable the layer.  This transitions the layer invisible and then hides the notes.
            function layerOff() {
                throttledRedraw.cancel();
                drawLayer.interrupt();
                touchLayer.selectAll('.note')
                    .remove();

                drawLayer
                    .transition()
                    .duration(250)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .on('end interrupt', function () {
                        editOff();
                        dispatch$1.call('change');
                    });
            }


            // Update the note markers
            function updateMarkers() {
                if (!_notesVisible || !_notesEnabled) { return; }

                var service = getService();
                var selectedID = context.selectedNoteID();
                var data = (service ? service.notes(projection) : []);
                var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection);

                // Draw markers..
                var notes = drawLayer.selectAll('.note')
                    .data(data, function(d) { return d.status + d.id; });

                // exit
                notes.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var notesEnter = notes.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'note note-' + d.id + ' ' + d.status; })
                    .classed('new', function(d) { return d.id < 0; });

                notesEnter
                    .append('ellipse')
                    .attr('cx', 0.5)
                    .attr('cy', 1)
                    .attr('rx', 6.5)
                    .attr('ry', 3)
                    .attr('class', 'stroke');

                notesEnter
                    .append('path')
                    .call(markerPath, 'shadow');

                notesEnter
                    .append('use')
                    .attr('class', 'note-fill')
                    .attr('width', '20px')
                    .attr('height', '20px')
                    .attr('x', '-8px')
                    .attr('y', '-22px')
                    .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-icon-note');

                notesEnter.selectAll('.icon-annotation')
                    .data(function(d) { return [d]; })
                    .enter()
                    .append('use')
                    .attr('class', 'icon-annotation')
                    .attr('width', '10px')
                    .attr('height', '10px')
                    .attr('x', '-3px')
                    .attr('y', '-19px')
                    .attr('xlink:href', function(d) {
                        return '#iD-icon-' + (d.id < 0 ? 'plus' : (d.status === 'open' ? 'close' : 'apply'));
                    });

                // update
                notes
                    .merge(notesEnter)
                    .sort(sortY)
                    .classed('selected', function(d) {
                        var mode = context.mode();
                        var isMoving = mode && mode.id === 'drag-note';  // no shadows when dragging
                        return !isMoving && d.id === selectedID;
                    })
                    .attr('transform', getTransform);


                // Draw targets..
                if (touchLayer.empty()) { return; }
                var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';

                var targets = touchLayer.selectAll('.note')
                    .data(data, function(d) { return d.id; });

                // exit
                targets.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                targets.enter()
                    .append('rect')
                    .attr('width', '20px')
                    .attr('height', '20px')
                    .attr('x', '-8px')
                    .attr('y', '-22px')
                    .merge(targets)
                    .sort(sortY)
                    .attr('class', function(d) {
                        var newClass = (d.id < 0 ? 'new' : '');
                        return 'note target note-' + d.id + ' ' + fillClass + newClass;
                    })
                    .attr('transform', getTransform);


                function sortY(a, b) {
                    return (a.id === selectedID) ? 1 : (b.id === selectedID) ? -1 : b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
                }
            }


            // Draw the notes layer and schedule loading notes and updating markers.
            function drawNotes(selection) {
                var service = getService();

                var surface = context.surface();
                if (surface && !surface.empty()) {
                    touchLayer = surface.selectAll('.data-layer.touch .layer-touch.markers');
                }

                drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-notes')
                    .data(service ? [0] : []);

                drawLayer.exit()
                    .remove();

                drawLayer = drawLayer.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-notes')
                    .style('display', _notesEnabled ? 'block' : 'none')
                    .merge(drawLayer);

                if (_notesEnabled) {
                    if (service && ~~context.map().zoom() >= minZoom) {
                        editOn();
                        service.loadNotes(projection);
                        updateMarkers();
                    } else {
                        editOff();
                    }
                }
            }


            // Toggles the layer on and off
            drawNotes.enabled = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _notesEnabled; }

                _notesEnabled = val;
                if (_notesEnabled) {
                    layerOn();
                } else {
                    layerOff();
                    if (context.selectedNoteID()) {
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    }
                }

                dispatch$1.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            return drawNotes;
        }

        function svgTouch() {

            function drawTouch(selection) {
                selection.selectAll('.layer-touch')
                    .data(['areas', 'lines', 'points', 'turns', 'markers'])
                    .enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'layer-touch ' + d; });
            }

            return drawTouch;
        }

        function refresh(selection, node) {
            var cr = node.getBoundingClientRect();
            var prop = [cr.width, cr.height];
            selection.property('__dimensions__', prop);
            return prop;
        }

        function utilGetDimensions(selection, force) {
            if (!selection || selection.empty()) {
                return [0, 0];
            }
            var node = selection.node(),
                cached = selection.property('__dimensions__');
            return (!cached || force) ? refresh(selection, node) : cached;
        }


        function utilSetDimensions(selection, dimensions) {
            if (!selection || selection.empty()) {
                return selection;
            }
            var node = selection.node();
            if (dimensions === null) {
                refresh(selection, node);
                return selection;
            }
            return selection
                .property('__dimensions__', [dimensions[0], dimensions[1]])
                .attr('width', dimensions[0])
                .attr('height', dimensions[1]);
        }

        function svgLayers(projection, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var svg = select(null);
            var _layers = [
                { id: 'osm', layer: svgOsm(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
                { id: 'notes', layer: svgNotes(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
                { id: 'data', layer: svgData(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
                { id: 'keepRight', layer: svgKeepRight(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
                { id: 'improveOSM', layer: svgImproveOSM(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
                { id: 'osmose', layer: svgOsmose(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
                { id: 'streetside', layer: svgStreetside(projection, context, dispatch$1)},
                { id: 'mapillary', layer: svgMapillaryImages(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
                { id: 'mapillary-map-features',  layer: svgMapillaryMapFeatures(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
                { id: 'mapillary-signs',  layer: svgMapillarySigns(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
                { id: 'openstreetcam', layer: svgOpenstreetcamImages(projection, context, dispatch$1) },
                { id: 'debug', layer: svgDebug(projection, context) },
                { id: 'geolocate', layer: svgGeolocate(projection) },
                { id: 'touch', layer: svgTouch() }
            ];


            function drawLayers(selection) {
                svg = selection.selectAll('.surface')
                    .data([0]);

                svg = svg.enter()
                    .append('svg')
                    .attr('class', 'surface')
                    .merge(svg);

                var defs = svg.selectAll('.surface-defs')
                    .data([0]);

                defs.enter()
                    .append('defs')
                    .attr('class', 'surface-defs');

                var groups = svg.selectAll('.data-layer')
                    .data(_layers);

                groups.exit()
                    .remove();

                groups.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'data-layer ' + d.id; })
                    .merge(groups)
                    .each(function(d) { select(this).call(d.layer); });
            }


            drawLayers.all = function() {
                return _layers;
            };


            drawLayers.layer = function(id) {
                var obj = _layers.find(function(o) { return o.id === id; });
                return obj && obj.layer;
            };


            drawLayers.only = function(what) {
                var arr = [].concat(what);
                var all = _layers.map(function(layer) { return layer.id; });
                return drawLayers.remove(utilArrayDifference(all, arr));
            };


            drawLayers.remove = function(what) {
                var arr = [].concat(what);
                arr.forEach(function(id) {
                    _layers = _layers.filter(function(o) { return o.id !== id; });
                });
                dispatch$1.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            drawLayers.add = function(what) {
                var arr = [].concat(what);
                arr.forEach(function(obj) {
                    if ('id' in obj && 'layer' in obj) {
                        _layers.push(obj);
                    }
                });
                dispatch$1.call('change');
                return this;
            };


            drawLayers.dimensions = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return utilGetDimensions(svg); }
                utilSetDimensions(svg, val);
                return this;
            };


            return utilRebind(drawLayers, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function svgLines(projection, context) {
            var detected = utilDetect();

            var highway_stack = {
                motorway: 0,
                motorway_link: 1,
                trunk: 2,
                trunk_link: 3,
                primary: 4,
                primary_link: 5,
                secondary: 6,
                tertiary: 7,
                unclassified: 8,
                residential: 9,
                service: 10,
                footway: 11
            };


            function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
                var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
                var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
                var getPath = svgPath(projection).geojson;
                var activeID = context.activeID();
                var base = context.history().base();

                // The targets and nopes will be MultiLineString sub-segments of the ways
                var data = { targets: [], nopes: [] };

                entities.forEach(function(way) {
                    var features = svgSegmentWay(way, graph, activeID);
                    data.targets.push.apply(data.targets, features.passive);
                    data.nopes.push.apply(data.nopes, features.active);
                });


                // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
                var targetData = data.targets.filter(getPath);
                var targets = selection.selectAll('.line.target-allowed')
                    .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
                    .data(targetData, function key(d) { return d.id; });

                // exit
                targets.exit()
                    .remove();

                var segmentWasEdited = function(d) {
                    var wayID = d.properties.entity.id;
                    // if the whole line was edited, don't draw segment changes
                    if (!base.entities[wayID] ||
                        !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[wayID].nodes, base.entities[wayID].nodes)) {
                        return false;
                    }
                    return d.properties.nodes.some(function(n) {
                        return !base.entities[n.id] ||
                               !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[n.id].loc, base.entities[n.id].loc);
                    });
                };

                // enter/update
                targets.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .merge(targets)
                    .attr('d', getPath)
                    .attr('class', function(d) {
                        return 'way line target target-allowed ' + targetClass + d.id;
                    })
                    .classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);

                // NOPE
                var nopeData = data.nopes.filter(getPath);
                var nopes = selection.selectAll('.line.target-nope')
                    .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
                    .data(nopeData, function key(d) { return d.id; });

                // exit
                nopes.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                nopes.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .merge(nopes)
                    .attr('d', getPath)
                    .attr('class', function(d) {
                        return 'way line target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id;
                    })
                    .classed('segment-edited', segmentWasEdited);
            }


            function drawLines(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
                var base = context.history().base();

                function waystack(a, b) {
                    var selected = context.selectedIDs();
                    var scoreA = selected.indexOf(a.id) !== -1 ? 20 : 0;
                    var scoreB = selected.indexOf(b.id) !== -1 ? 20 : 0;

                    if (a.tags.highway) { scoreA -= highway_stack[a.tags.highway]; }
                    if (b.tags.highway) { scoreB -= highway_stack[b.tags.highway]; }
                    return scoreA - scoreB;
                }


                function drawLineGroup(selection, klass, isSelected) {
                    // Note: Don't add `.selected` class in draw modes
                    var mode = context.mode();
                    var isDrawing = mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id);
                    var selectedClass = (!isDrawing && isSelected) ? 'selected ' : '';

                    var lines = selection
                        .selectAll('path')
                        .filter(filter)
                        .data(getPathData(isSelected), osmEntity.key);

                    lines.exit()
                        .remove();

                    // Optimization: Call expensive TagClasses only on enter selection. This
                    // works because osmEntity.key is defined to include the entity v attribute.
                    lines.enter()
                        .append('path')
                        .attr('class', function(d) {

                            var prefix = 'way line';

                            // if this line isn't styled by its own tags
                            if (!d.hasInterestingTags()) {

                                var parentRelations = graph.parentRelations(d);
                                var parentMultipolygons = parentRelations.filter(function(relation) {
                                    return relation.isMultipolygon();
                                });

                                // and if it's a member of at least one multipolygon relation
                                if (parentMultipolygons.length > 0 &&
                                    // and only multipolygon relations
                                    parentRelations.length === parentMultipolygons.length) {
                                    // then fudge the classes to style this as an area edge
                                    prefix = 'relation area';
                                }
                            }

                            var oldMPClass = oldMultiPolygonOuters[d.id] ? 'old-multipolygon ' : '';
                            return prefix + ' ' + klass + ' ' + selectedClass + oldMPClass + d.id;
                        })
                        .classed('added', function(d) {
                            return !base.entities[d.id];
                        })
                        .classed('geometry-edited', function(d) {
                            return graph.entities[d.id] &&
                                base.entities[d.id] &&
                                !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].nodes, base.entities[d.id].nodes);
                        })
                        .classed('retagged', function(d) {
                            return graph.entities[d.id] &&
                                base.entities[d.id] &&
                                !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
                        })
                        .call(svgTagClasses())
                        .merge(lines)
                        .sort(waystack)
                        .attr('d', getPath)
                        .call(svgTagClasses().tags(svgRelationMemberTags(graph)));

                    return selection;
                }


                function getPathData(isSelected) {
                    return function() {
                        var layer = this.parentNode.__data__;
                        var data = pathdata[layer] || [];
                        return data.filter(function(d) {
                            if (isSelected)
                                { return context.selectedIDs().indexOf(d.id) !== -1; }
                            else
                                { return context.selectedIDs().indexOf(d.id) === -1; }
                        });
                    };
                }

                function addMarkers(layergroup, pathclass, groupclass, groupdata, marker) {
                    var markergroup = layergroup
                        .selectAll('g.' + groupclass)
                        .data([pathclass]);

                    markergroup = markergroup.enter()
                        .append('g')
                        .attr('class', groupclass)
                        .merge(markergroup);

                    var markers = markergroup
                        .selectAll('path')
                        .filter(filter)
                        .data(
                            function data() { return groupdata[this.parentNode.__data__] || []; },
                            function key(d) { return [d.id, d.index]; }
                        );

                    markers.exit()
                        .remove();

                    markers = markers.enter()
                        .append('path')
                        .attr('class', pathclass)
                        .merge(markers)
                        .attr('marker-mid', marker)
                        .attr('d', function(d) { return d.d; });

                    if (detected.ie) {
                        markers.each(function() { this.parentNode.insertBefore(this, this); });
                    }
                }


                var getPath = svgPath(projection, graph);
                var ways = [];
                var onewaydata = {};
                var sideddata = {};
                var oldMultiPolygonOuters = {};

                for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
                    var entity = entities[i];
                    var outer = osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember(entity, graph);
                    if (outer) {
                        ways.push(entity.mergeTags(outer.tags));
                        oldMultiPolygonOuters[outer.id] = true;
                    } else if (entity.geometry(graph) === 'line') {
                        ways.push(entity);
                    }
                }

                ways = ways.filter(getPath);
                var pathdata = utilArrayGroupBy(ways, function(way) { return way.layer(); });

                Object.keys(pathdata).forEach(function(k) {
                    var v = pathdata[k];
                    var onewayArr = v.filter(function(d) { return d.isOneWay(); });
                    var onewaySegments = svgMarkerSegments(
                        projection, graph, 35,
                        function shouldReverse(entity) { return entity.tags.oneway === '-1'; },
                        function bothDirections(entity) {
                            return entity.tags.oneway === 'reversible' || entity.tags.oneway === 'alternating';
                        }
                    );
                    onewaydata[k] = utilArrayFlatten(onewayArr.map(onewaySegments));

                    var sidedArr = v.filter(function(d) { return d.isSided(); });
                    var sidedSegments = svgMarkerSegments(
                        projection, graph, 30,
                        function shouldReverse() { return false; },
                        function bothDirections() { return false; }
                    );
                    sideddata[k] = utilArrayFlatten(sidedArr.map(sidedSegments));
                });


                var covered = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.covered');     // under areas
                var uncovered = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.lines');     // over areas
                var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.lines');

                // Draw lines..
                [covered, uncovered].forEach(function(selection) {
                    var range = (selection === covered ? range$1(-10,0) : range$1(0,11));
                    var layergroup = selection
                        .selectAll('g.layergroup')
                        .data(range);

                    layergroup = layergroup.enter()
                        .append('g')
                        .attr('class', function(d) { return 'layergroup layer' + String(d); })
                        .merge(layergroup);

                    layergroup
                        .selectAll('g.linegroup')
                        .data(['shadow', 'casing', 'stroke', 'shadow-highlighted', 'casing-highlighted', 'stroke-highlighted'])
                        .enter()
                        .append('g')
                        .attr('class', function(d) { return 'linegroup line-' + d; });

                    layergroup.selectAll('g.line-shadow')
                        .call(drawLineGroup, 'shadow', false);
                    layergroup.selectAll('g.line-casing')
                        .call(drawLineGroup, 'casing', false);
                    layergroup.selectAll('g.line-stroke')
                        .call(drawLineGroup, 'stroke', false);

                    layergroup.selectAll('g.line-shadow-highlighted')
                        .call(drawLineGroup, 'shadow', true);
                    layergroup.selectAll('g.line-casing-highlighted')
                        .call(drawLineGroup, 'casing', true);
                    layergroup.selectAll('g.line-stroke-highlighted')
                        .call(drawLineGroup, 'stroke', true);

                    addMarkers(layergroup, 'oneway', 'onewaygroup', onewaydata, 'url(#ideditor-oneway-marker)');
                    addMarkers(layergroup, 'sided', 'sidedgroup', sideddata,
                        function marker(d) {
                            var category = graph.entity(d.id).sidednessIdentifier();
                            return 'url(#ideditor-sided-marker-' + category + ')';
                        }
                    );
                });

                // Draw touch targets..
                touchLayer
                    .call(drawTargets, graph, ways, filter);
            }


            return drawLines;
        }

        function svgMidpoints(projection, context) {
            var targetRadius = 8;

            function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
                var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
                var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;

                var data = entities.map(function(midpoint) {
                    return {
                        type: 'Feature',
                        id: midpoint.id,
                        properties: {
                            target: true,
                            entity: midpoint
                        },
                        geometry: {
                            type: 'Point',
                            coordinates: midpoint.loc
                        }
                    };
                });

                var targets = selection.selectAll('.midpoint.target')
                    .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
                    .data(data, function key(d) { return d.id; });

                // exit
                targets.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                targets.enter()
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('r', targetRadius)
                    .merge(targets)
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'node midpoint target ' + fillClass + d.id; })
                    .attr('transform', getTransform);
            }


            function drawMidpoints(selection, graph, entities, filter, extent) {
                var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.midpoints');
                var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');

                var mode = context.mode();
                if ((mode && mode.id !== 'select') || !context.map().withinEditableZoom()) {
                    drawLayer.selectAll('.midpoint').remove();
                    touchLayer.selectAll('.midpoint.target').remove();
                    return;
                }

                var poly = extent.polygon();
                var midpoints = {};

                for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
                    var entity = entities[i];

                    if (entity.type !== 'way') { continue; }
                    if (!filter(entity)) { continue; }
                    if (context.selectedIDs().indexOf(entity.id) < 0) { continue; }

                    var nodes = graph.childNodes(entity);
                    for (var j = 0; j < nodes.length - 1; j++) {
                        var a = nodes[j];
                        var b = nodes[j + 1];
                        var id = [a.id, b.id].sort().join('-');

                        if (midpoints[id]) {
                            midpoints[id].parents.push(entity);
                        } else if (geoVecLength(projection(a.loc), projection(b.loc)) > 40) {
                            var point = geoVecInterp(a.loc, b.loc, 0.5);
                            var loc = null;

                            if (extent.intersects(point)) {
                                loc = point;
                            } else {
                                for (var k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
                                    point = geoLineIntersection([a.loc, b.loc], [poly[k], poly[k + 1]]);
                                    if (point &&
                                        geoVecLength(projection(a.loc), projection(point)) > 20 &&
                                        geoVecLength(projection(b.loc), projection(point)) > 20)
                                    {
                                        loc = point;
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }
                            }

                            if (loc) {
                                midpoints[id] = {
                                    type: 'midpoint',
                                    id: id,
                                    loc: loc,
                                    edge: [a.id, b.id],
                                    parents: [entity]
                                };
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }


                function midpointFilter(d) {
                    if (midpoints[d.id])
                        { return true; }

                    for (var i = 0; i < d.parents.length; i++) {
                        if (filter(d.parents[i])) {
                            return true;
                        }
                    }

                    return false;
                }


                var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('.midpoint')
                    .filter(midpointFilter)
                    .data(Object.values(midpoints), function(d) { return d.id; });

                groups.exit()
                    .remove();

                var enter = groups.enter()
                    .insert('g', ':first-child')
                    .attr('class', 'midpoint');

                enter
                    .append('polygon')
                    .attr('points', '-6,8 10,0 -6,-8')
                    .attr('class', 'shadow');

                enter
                    .append('polygon')
                    .attr('points', '-3,4 5,0 -3,-4')
                    .attr('class', 'fill');

                groups = groups
                    .merge(enter)
                    .attr('transform', function(d) {
                        var translate = svgPointTransform(projection);
                        var a = graph.entity(d.edge[0]);
                        var b = graph.entity(d.edge[1]);
                        var angle = geoAngle(a, b, projection) * (180 / Math.PI);
                        return translate(d) + ' rotate(' + angle + ')';
                    })
                    .call(svgTagClasses().tags(
                        function(d) { return d.parents[0].tags; }
                    ));

                // Propagate data bindings.
                groups.select('polygon.shadow');
                groups.select('polygon.fill');


                // Draw touch targets..
                touchLayer
                    .call(drawTargets, graph, Object.values(midpoints), midpointFilter);
            }

            return drawMidpoints;
        }

        function svgPoints(projection, context) {

            function markerPath(selection, klass) {
                selection
                    .attr('class', klass)
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(-8, -23)')
                    .attr('d', 'M 17,8 C 17,13 11,21 8.5,23.5 C 6,21 0,13 0,8 C 0,4 4,-0.5 8.5,-0.5 C 13,-0.5 17,4 17,8 z');
            }

            function sortY(a, b) {
                return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }


            // Avoid exit/enter if we're just moving stuff around.
            // The node will get a new version but we only need to run the update selection.
            function fastEntityKey(d) {
                var mode = context.mode();
                var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
                return isMoving ? d.id : osmEntity.key(d);
            }


            function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
                var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
                var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
                var activeID = context.activeID();
                var data = [];

                entities.forEach(function(node) {
                    if (activeID === node.id) { return; }   // draw no target on the activeID

                    data.push({
                        type: 'Feature',
                        id: node.id,
                        properties: {
                            target: true,
                            entity: node
                        },
                        geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
                    });
                });

                var targets = selection.selectAll('.point.target')
                    .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
                    .data(data, function key(d) { return d.id; });

                // exit
                targets.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                targets.enter()
                    .append('rect')
                    .attr('x', -10)
                    .attr('y', -26)
                    .attr('width', 20)
                    .attr('height', 30)
                    .merge(targets)
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'node point target ' + fillClass + d.id; })
                    .attr('transform', getTransform);
            }


            function drawPoints(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
                var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
                var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
                var base = context.history().base();

                // Points with a direction will render as vertices at higher zooms..
                function renderAsPoint(entity) {
                    return entity.geometry(graph) === 'point' &&
                        !(zoom >= 18 && entity.directions(graph, projection).length);
                }

                // All points will render as vertices in wireframe mode too..
                var points = wireframe ? [] : entities.filter(renderAsPoint);
                points.sort(sortY);


                var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.points');
                var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');

                // Draw points..
                var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('g.point')
                    .filter(filter)
                    .data(points, fastEntityKey);

                groups.exit()
                    .remove();

                var enter = groups.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'node point ' + d.id; })
                    .order();

                enter
                    .append('path')
                    .call(markerPath, 'shadow');

                enter
                    .append('ellipse')
                    .attr('cx', 0.5)
                    .attr('cy', 1)
                    .attr('rx', 6.5)
                    .attr('ry', 3)
                    .attr('class', 'stroke');

                enter
                    .append('path')
                    .call(markerPath, 'stroke');

                enter
                    .append('use')
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(-5, -19)')
                    .attr('class', 'icon')
                    .attr('width', '11px')
                    .attr('height', '11px');

                groups = groups
                    .merge(enter)
                    .attr('transform', svgPointTransform(projection))
                    .classed('added', function(d) {
                        return !base.entities[d.id]; // if it doesn't exist in the base graph, it's new
                    })
                    .classed('moved', function(d) {
                        return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].loc, base.entities[d.id].loc);
                    })
                    .classed('retagged', function(d) {
                        return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
                    })
                    .call(svgTagClasses());

                groups.select('.shadow');   // propagate bound data
                groups.select('.stroke');   // propagate bound data
                groups.select('.icon')      // propagate bound data
                    .attr('xlink:href', function(entity) {
                        var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
                        var picon = preset && preset.icon;

                        if (!picon) {
                            return '';
                        } else {
                            var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
                            return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : '');
                        }
                    });


                // Draw touch targets..
                touchLayer
                    .call(drawTargets, graph, points, filter);
            }


            return drawPoints;
        }

        function svgTurns(projection, context) {

            function icon(turn) {
                var u = turn.u ? '-u' : '';
                if (turn.no) { return '#iD-turn-no' + u; }
                if (turn.only) { return '#iD-turn-only' + u; }
                return '#iD-turn-yes' + u;
            }

            function drawTurns(selection, graph, turns) {

                function turnTransform(d) {
                    var pxRadius = 50;
                    var toWay = graph.entity(d.to.way);
                    var toPoints = graph.childNodes(toWay)
                        .map(function (n) { return n.loc; })
                        .map(projection);
                    var toLength = geoPathLength(toPoints);
                    var mid = toLength / 2;    // midpoint of destination way

                    var toNode = graph.entity(d.to.node);
                    var toVertex = graph.entity(d.to.vertex);
                    var a = geoAngle(toVertex, toNode, projection);
                    var o = projection(toVertex.loc);
                    var r = d.u ? 0                  // u-turn: no radius
                        : !toWay.__via ? pxRadius    // leaf way: put marker at pxRadius
                        : Math.min(mid, pxRadius);   // via way: prefer pxRadius, fallback to mid for very short ways

                    return 'translate(' + (r * Math.cos(a) + o[0]) + ',' + (r * Math.sin(a) + o[1]) + ') ' +
                        'rotate(' + a * 180 / Math.PI + ')';
                }


                var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.turns');
                var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.turns');

                // Draw turns..
                var groups = drawLayer.selectAll('g.turn')
                    .data(turns, function(d) { return d.key; });

                // exit
                groups.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var groupsEnter = groups.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'turn ' + d.key; });

                var turnsEnter = groupsEnter
                    .filter(function(d) { return !d.u; });

                turnsEnter.append('rect')
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)')
                    .attr('width', '44')
                    .attr('height', '24');

                turnsEnter.append('use')
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)')
                    .attr('width', '44')
                    .attr('height', '24');

                var uEnter = groupsEnter
                    .filter(function(d) { return d.u; });

                uEnter.append('circle')
                    .attr('r', '16');

                uEnter.append('use')
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(-16, -16)')
                    .attr('width', '32')
                    .attr('height', '32');

                // update
                groups = groups
                    .merge(groupsEnter)
                    .attr('opacity', function(d) { return d.direct === false ? '0.7' : null; })
                    .attr('transform', turnTransform);

                groups.select('use')
                    .attr('xlink:href', icon);

                groups.select('rect');      // propagate bound data
                groups.select('circle');    // propagate bound data


                // Draw touch targets..
                var fillClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
                groups = touchLayer.selectAll('g.turn')
                    .data(turns, function(d) { return d.key; });

                // exit
                groups.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                groupsEnter = groups.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'turn ' + d.key; });

                turnsEnter = groupsEnter
                    .filter(function(d) { return !d.u; });

                turnsEnter.append('rect')
                    .attr('class', 'target ' + fillClass)
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(-22, -12)')
                    .attr('width', '44')
                    .attr('height', '24');

                uEnter = groupsEnter
                    .filter(function(d) { return d.u; });

                uEnter.append('circle')
                    .attr('class', 'target ' + fillClass)
                    .attr('r', '16');

                // update
                groups = groups
                    .merge(groupsEnter)
                    .attr('transform', turnTransform);

                groups.select('rect');      // propagate bound data
                groups.select('circle');    // propagate bound data


                return this;
            }

            return drawTurns;
        }

        function svgVertices(projection, context) {
            var radiuses = {
                //       z16-, z17,   z18+,  w/icon
                shadow: [6,    7.5,   7.5,   12],
                stroke: [2.5,  3.5,   3.5,   8],
                fill:   [1,    1.5,   1.5,   1.5]
            };

            var _currHoverTarget;
            var _currPersistent = {};
            var _currHover = {};
            var _prevHover = {};
            var _currSelected = {};
            var _prevSelected = {};
            var _radii = {};


            function sortY(a, b) {
                return b.loc[1] - a.loc[1];
            }

            // Avoid exit/enter if we're just moving stuff around.
            // The node will get a new version but we only need to run the update selection.
            function fastEntityKey(d) {
                var mode = context.mode();
                var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
                return isMoving ? d.id : osmEntity.key(d);
            }


            function draw(selection, graph, vertices, sets, filter) {
                sets = sets || { selected: {}, important: {}, hovered: {} };

                var icons = {};
                var directions = {};
                var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
                var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
                var z = (zoom < 17 ? 0 : zoom < 18 ? 1 : 2);
                var activeID = context.activeID();
                var base = context.history().base();


                function getIcon(d) {
                    // always check latest entity, as fastEntityKey avoids enter/exit now
                    var entity = graph.entity(d.id);
                    if (entity.id in icons) { return icons[entity.id]; }

                    icons[entity.id] =
                        entity.hasInterestingTags() &&
                        _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph).icon;

                    return icons[entity.id];
                }


                // memoize directions results, return false for empty arrays (for use in filter)
                function getDirections(entity) {
                    if (entity.id in directions) { return directions[entity.id]; }

                    var angles = entity.directions(graph, projection);
                    directions[entity.id] = angles.length ? angles : false;
                    return angles;
                }


                function updateAttributes(selection) {
                    ['shadow', 'stroke', 'fill'].forEach(function(klass) {
                        var rads = radiuses[klass];
                        selection.selectAll('.' + klass)
                            .each(function(entity) {
                                var i = z && getIcon(entity);
                                var r = rads[i ? 3 : z];

                                // slightly increase the size of unconnected endpoints #3775
                                if (entity.id !== activeID && entity.isEndpoint(graph) && !entity.isConnected(graph)) {
                                    r += 1.5;
                                }

                                if (klass === 'shadow') {   // remember this value, so we don't need to
                                    _radii[entity.id] = r;  // recompute it when we draw the touch targets
                                }

                                select(this)
                                    .attr('r', r)
                                    .attr('visibility', (i && klass === 'fill') ? 'hidden' : null);
                            });
                    });
                }

                vertices.sort(sortY);

                var groups = selection.selectAll('g.vertex')
                    .filter(filter)
                    .data(vertices, fastEntityKey);

                // exit
                groups.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var enter = groups.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'node vertex ' + d.id; })
                    .order();

                enter
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('class', 'shadow');

                enter
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('class', 'stroke');

                // Vertices with tags get a fill.
                enter.filter(function(d) { return d.hasInterestingTags(); })
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('class', 'fill');

                // update
                groups = groups
                    .merge(enter)
                    .attr('transform', svgPointTransform(projection))
                    .classed('sibling', function(d) { return d.id in sets.selected; })
                    .classed('shared', function(d) { return graph.isShared(d); })
                    .classed('endpoint', function(d) { return d.isEndpoint(graph); })
                    .classed('added', function(d) {
                        return !base.entities[d.id]; // if it doesn't exist in the base graph, it's new
                    })
                    .classed('moved', function(d) {
                        return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].loc, base.entities[d.id].loc);
                    })
                    .classed('retagged', function(d) {
                        return base.entities[d.id] && !fastDeepEqual(graph.entities[d.id].tags, base.entities[d.id].tags);
                    })
                    .call(updateAttributes);

                // Vertices with icons get a `use`.
                var iconUse = groups
                    .selectAll('.icon')
                    .data(function data(d) { return zoom >= 17 && getIcon(d) ? [d] : []; }, fastEntityKey);

                // exit
                iconUse.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                iconUse.enter()
                    .append('use')
                    .attr('class', 'icon')
                    .attr('width', '11px')
                    .attr('height', '11px')
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(-5.5, -5.5)')
                    .attr('xlink:href', function(d) {
                        var picon = getIcon(d);
                        var isMaki = /^maki-/.test(picon);
                        return '#' + picon + (isMaki ? '-11' : '');
                    });


                // Vertices with directions get viewfields
                var dgroups = groups
                    .selectAll('.viewfieldgroup')
                    .data(function data(d) { return zoom >= 18 && getDirections(d) ? [d] : []; }, fastEntityKey);

                // exit
                dgroups.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                dgroups = dgroups.enter()
                    .insert('g', '.shadow')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfieldgroup')
                    .merge(dgroups);

                var viewfields = dgroups.selectAll('.viewfield')
                    .data(getDirections, function key(d) { return osmEntity.key(d); });

                // exit
                viewfields.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                viewfields.enter()
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', 'viewfield')
                    .attr('d', 'M0,0H0')
                    .merge(viewfields)
                    .attr('marker-start', 'url(#ideditor-viewfield-marker' + (wireframe ? '-wireframe' : '') + ')')
                    .attr('transform', function(d) { return 'rotate(' + d + ')'; });
            }


            function drawTargets(selection, graph, entities, filter) {
                var targetClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'pink ' : 'nocolor ';
                var nopeClass = context.getDebug('target') ? 'red ' : 'nocolor ';
                var getTransform = svgPointTransform(projection).geojson;
                var activeID = context.activeID();
                var data = { targets: [], nopes: [] };

                entities.forEach(function(node) {
                    if (activeID === node.id) { return; }   // draw no target on the activeID

                    var vertexType = svgPassiveVertex(node, graph, activeID);
                    if (vertexType !== 0) {     // passive or adjacent - allow to connect
                        data.targets.push({
                            type: 'Feature',
                            id: node.id,
                            properties: {
                                target: true,
                                entity: node
                            },
                            geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
                        });
                    } else {
                        data.nopes.push({
                            type: 'Feature',
                            id: node.id + '-nope',
                            properties: {
                                nope: true,
                                target: true,
                                entity: node
                            },
                            geometry: node.asGeoJSON()
                        });
                    }
                });

                // Targets allow hover and vertex snapping
                var targets = selection.selectAll('.vertex.target-allowed')
                    .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
                    .data(data.targets, function key(d) { return d.id; });

                // exit
                targets.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                targets.enter()
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('r', function(d) {
                        return _radii[d.id]
                          || radiuses.shadow[3];
                    })
                    .merge(targets)
                    .attr('class', function(d) {
                        return 'node vertex target target-allowed '
                        + targetClass + d.id;
                    })
                    .attr('transform', getTransform);


                // NOPE
                var nopes = selection.selectAll('.vertex.target-nope')
                    .filter(function(d) { return filter(d.properties.entity); })
                    .data(data.nopes, function key(d) { return d.id; });

                // exit
                nopes.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter/update
                nopes.enter()
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('r', function(d) { return (_radii[d.properties.entity.id] || radiuses.shadow[3]); })
                    .merge(nopes)
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'node vertex target target-nope ' + nopeClass + d.id; })
                    .attr('transform', getTransform);
            }


            // Points can also render as vertices:
            // 1. in wireframe mode or
            // 2. at higher zooms if they have a direction
            function renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom) {
                var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
                return geometry === 'vertex' || (geometry === 'point' && (
                    wireframe || (zoom >= 18 && entity.directions(graph, projection).length)
                ));
            }


            function isEditedNode(node, base, head) {
                var baseNode = base.entities[node.id];
                var headNode = head.entities[node.id];
                return !headNode ||
                    !baseNode ||
                    !fastDeepEqual(headNode.tags, baseNode.tags) ||
                    !fastDeepEqual(headNode.loc, baseNode.loc);
            }


            function getSiblingAndChildVertices(ids, graph, wireframe, zoom) {
                var results = {};

                var seenIds = {};

                function addChildVertices(entity) {

                    // avoid redundant work and infinite recursion of circular relations
                    if (seenIds[entity.id]) { return; }
                    seenIds[entity.id] = true;

                    var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
                    if (!context.features().isHiddenFeature(entity, graph, geometry)) {
                        var i;
                        if (entity.type === 'way') {
                            for (i = 0; i < entity.nodes.length; i++) {
                                var child = graph.hasEntity(entity.nodes[i]);
                                if (child) {
                                    addChildVertices(child);
                                }
                            }
                        } else if (entity.type === 'relation') {
                            for (i = 0; i < entity.members.length; i++) {
                                var member = graph.hasEntity(entity.members[i].id);
                                if (member) {
                                    addChildVertices(member);
                                }
                            }
                        } else if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
                            results[entity.id] = entity;
                        }
                    }
                }

                ids.forEach(function(id) {
                    var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
                    if (!entity) { return; }

                    if (entity.type === 'node') {
                        if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
                            results[entity.id] = entity;
                            graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function(entity) {
                                addChildVertices(entity);
                            });
                        }
                    } else {  // way, relation
                        addChildVertices(entity);
                    }
                });

                return results;
            }


            function drawVertices(selection, graph, entities, filter, extent, fullRedraw) {
                var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
                var visualDiff = context.surface().classed('highlight-edited');
                var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());
                var mode = context.mode();
                var isMoving = mode && /^(add|draw|drag|move|rotate)/.test(mode.id);
                var base = context.history().base();

                var drawLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-osm.points .points-group.vertices');
                var touchLayer = selection.selectAll('.layer-touch.points');

                if (fullRedraw) {
                    _currPersistent = {};
                    _radii = {};
                }

                // Collect important vertices from the `entities` list..
                // (during a partial redraw, it will not contain everything)
                for (var i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
                    var entity = entities[i];
                    var geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
                    var keep = false;

                    // a point that looks like a vertex..
                    if ((geometry === 'point') && renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
                        _currPersistent[entity.id] = entity;
                        keep = true;

                    // a vertex of some importance..
                    } else if (geometry === 'vertex' &&
                        (entity.hasInterestingTags() || entity.isEndpoint(graph) || entity.isConnected(graph)
                        || (visualDiff && isEditedNode(entity, base, graph)))) {
                        _currPersistent[entity.id] = entity;
                        keep = true;
                    }

                    // whatever this is, it's not a persistent vertex..
                    if (!keep && !fullRedraw) {
                        delete _currPersistent[entity.id];
                    }
                }

                // 3 sets of vertices to consider:
                var sets = {
                    persistent: _currPersistent,  // persistent = important vertices (render always)
                    selected: _currSelected,      // selected + siblings of selected (render always)
                    hovered: _currHover           // hovered + siblings of hovered (render only in draw modes)
                };

                var all = Object.assign({}, (isMoving ? _currHover : {}), _currSelected, _currPersistent);

                // Draw the vertices..
                // The filter function controls the scope of what objects d3 will touch (exit/enter/update)
                // Adjust the filter function to expand the scope beyond whatever entities were passed in.
                var filterRendered = function(d) {
                    return d.id in _currPersistent || d.id in _currSelected || d.id in _currHover || filter(d);
                };
                drawLayer
                    .call(draw, graph, currentVisible(all), sets, filterRendered);

                // Draw touch targets..
                // When drawing, render all targets (not just those affected by a partial redraw)
                var filterTouch = function(d) {
                    return isMoving ? true : filterRendered(d);
                };
                touchLayer
                    .call(drawTargets, graph, currentVisible(all), filterTouch);


                function currentVisible(which) {
                    return Object.keys(which)
                        .map(graph.hasEntity, graph)     // the current version of this entity
                        .filter(function (entity) { return entity && entity.intersects(extent, graph); });
                }
            }


            // partial redraw - only update the selected items..
            drawVertices.drawSelected = function(selection, graph, extent) {
                var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
                var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());

                _prevSelected = _currSelected || {};
                if (context.map().isInWideSelection()) {
                    _currSelected = {};
                    context.selectedIDs().forEach(function(id) {
                        var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
                        if (!entity) { return; }

                        if (entity.type === 'node') {
                            if (renderAsVertex(entity, graph, wireframe, zoom)) {
                                _currSelected[entity.id] = entity;
                            }
                        }
                    });

                } else {
                    _currSelected = getSiblingAndChildVertices(context.selectedIDs(), graph, wireframe, zoom);
                }

                // note that drawVertices will add `_currSelected` automatically if needed..
                var filter = function(d) { return d.id in _prevSelected; };
                drawVertices(selection, graph, Object.values(_prevSelected), filter, extent, false);
            };


            // partial redraw - only update the hovered items..
            drawVertices.drawHover = function(selection, graph, target, extent) {
                if (target === _currHoverTarget) { return; }  // continue only if something changed

                var wireframe = context.surface().classed('fill-wireframe');
                var zoom = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());

                _prevHover = _currHover || {};
                _currHoverTarget = target;
                var entity = target && target.properties && target.properties.entity;

                if (entity) {
                    _currHover = getSiblingAndChildVertices([entity.id], graph, wireframe, zoom);
                } else {
                    _currHover = {};
                }

                // note that drawVertices will add `_currHover` automatically if needed..
                var filter = function(d) { return d.id in _prevHover; };
                drawVertices(selection, graph, Object.values(_prevHover), filter, extent, false);
            };

            return drawVertices;
        }

        function utilBindOnce(target, type, listener, capture) {
            var typeOnce = type + '.once';
            function one() {
                target.on(typeOnce, null);
                listener.apply(this, arguments);
            }
            target.on(typeOnce, one, capture);
            return this;
        }

        // Adapted from d3-zoom to handle pointer events.

        // Ignore right-click, since that should open the context menu.
        function defaultFilter$2() {
          return !event.ctrlKey && !event.button;
        }

        function defaultExtent$1() {
          var e = this;
          if (e instanceof SVGElement) {
            e = e.ownerSVGElement || e;
            if (e.hasAttribute('viewBox')) {
              e = e.viewBox.baseVal;
              return [[e.x, e.y], [e.x + e.width, e.y + e.height]];
            }
            return [[0, 0], [e.width.baseVal.value, e.height.baseVal.value]];
          }
          return [[0, 0], [e.clientWidth, e.clientHeight]];
        }

        function defaultWheelDelta$1() {
          return -event.deltaY * (event.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.05 : event.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.002);
        }

        function defaultConstrain$1(transform, extent, translateExtent) {
          var dx0 = transform.invertX(extent[0][0]) - translateExtent[0][0],
              dx1 = transform.invertX(extent[1][0]) - translateExtent[1][0],
              dy0 = transform.invertY(extent[0][1]) - translateExtent[0][1],
              dy1 = transform.invertY(extent[1][1]) - translateExtent[1][1];
          return transform.translate(
            dx1 > dx0 ? (dx0 + dx1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dx0) || Math.max(0, dx1),
            dy1 > dy0 ? (dy0 + dy1) / 2 : Math.min(0, dy0) || Math.max(0, dy1)
          );
        }

        function utilZoomPan() {
          var filter = defaultFilter$2,
              extent = defaultExtent$1,
              constrain = defaultConstrain$1,
              wheelDelta = defaultWheelDelta$1,
              scaleExtent = [0, Infinity],
              translateExtent = [[-Infinity, -Infinity], [Infinity, Infinity]],
              interpolate = interpolateZoom,
              listeners = dispatch('start', 'zoom', 'end'),
              _wheelDelay = 150,
              _transform = identity$2,
              _activeGesture;

          function zoom(selection) {
            selection
                .on('pointerdown.zoom', pointerdown)
                .on('wheel.zoom', wheeled)
                .style('touch-action', 'none')
                .style('-webkit-tap-highlight-color', 'rgba(0,0,0,0)');

            select(window)
                .on('pointermove.zoompan', pointermove)
                .on('pointerup.zoompan pointercancel.zoompan', pointerup);
          }

          zoom.transform = function(collection, transform, point) {
            var selection = collection.selection ? collection.selection() : collection;
            if (collection !== selection) {
              schedule(collection, transform, point);
            } else {
              selection.interrupt().each(function() {
                gesture(this, arguments)
                    .start()
                    .zoom(null, typeof transform === 'function' ? transform.apply(this, arguments) : transform)
                    .end();
              });
            }
          };

          zoom.scaleBy = function(selection, k, p) {
            zoom.scaleTo(selection, function() {
              var k0 = _transform.k,
                  k1 = typeof k === 'function' ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
              return k0 * k1;
            }, p);
          };

          zoom.scaleTo = function(selection, k, p) {
            zoom.transform(selection, function() {
              var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
                  t0 = _transform,
                  p0 = p == null ? centroid(e) : typeof p === 'function' ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p,
                  p1 = t0.invert(p0),
                  k1 = typeof k === 'function' ? k.apply(this, arguments) : k;
              return constrain(translate(scale(t0, k1), p0, p1), e, translateExtent);
            }, p);
          };

          zoom.translateBy = function(selection, x, y) {
            zoom.transform(selection, function() {
              return constrain(_transform.translate(
                typeof x === 'function' ? x.apply(this, arguments) : x,
                typeof y === 'function' ? y.apply(this, arguments) : y
              ), extent.apply(this, arguments), translateExtent);
            });
          };

          zoom.translateTo = function(selection, x, y, p) {
            zoom.transform(selection, function() {
              var e = extent.apply(this, arguments),
                  t = _transform,
                  p0 = p == null ? centroid(e) : typeof p === 'function' ? p.apply(this, arguments) : p;
              return constrain(identity$2.translate(p0[0], p0[1]).scale(t.k).translate(
                typeof x === 'function' ? -x.apply(this, arguments) : -x,
                typeof y === 'function' ? -y.apply(this, arguments) : -y
              ), e, translateExtent);
            }, p);
          };

          function scale(transform, k) {
            k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], k));
            return k === transform.k ? transform : new Transform(k, transform.x, transform.y);
          }

          function translate(transform, p0, p1) {
            var x = p0[0] - p1[0] * transform.k, y = p0[1] - p1[1] * transform.k;
            return x === transform.x && y === transform.y ? transform : new Transform(transform.k, x, y);
          }

          function centroid(extent) {
            return [(+extent[0][0] + +extent[1][0]) / 2, (+extent[0][1] + +extent[1][1]) / 2];
          }

          function schedule(transition, transform, point) {
            transition
                .on('start.zoom', function() { gesture(this, arguments).start(); })
                .on('interrupt.zoom end.zoom', function() { gesture(this, arguments).end(); })
                .tween('zoom', function() {
                  var that = this,
                      args = arguments,
                      g = gesture(that, args),
                      e = extent.apply(that, args),
                      p = point == null ? centroid(e) : typeof point === 'function' ? point.apply(that, args) : point,
                      w = Math.max(e[1][0] - e[0][0], e[1][1] - e[0][1]),
                      a = _transform,
                      b = typeof transform === 'function' ? transform.apply(that, args) : transform,
                      i = interpolate(a.invert(p).concat(w / a.k), b.invert(p).concat(w / b.k));
                  return function(t) {
                    if (t === 1) { t = b; } // Avoid rounding error on end.
                    else { var l = i(t), k = w / l[2]; t = new Transform(k, p[0] - l[0] * k, p[1] - l[1] * k); }
                    g.zoom(null, t);
                  };
                });
          }

          function gesture(that, args, clean) {
            return (!clean && _activeGesture) || new Gesture(that, args);
          }

          function Gesture(that, args) {
            this.that = that;
            this.args = args;
            this.active = 0;
            this.extent = extent.apply(that, args);
          }

          Gesture.prototype = {
            start: function() {
              if (++this.active === 1) {
                _activeGesture = this;
                this.emit('start');
              }
              return this;
            },
            zoom: function(key, transform) {
              if (this.mouse && key !== 'mouse') { this.mouse[1] = transform.invert(this.mouse[0]); }
              if (this.pointer0 && key !== 'touch') { this.pointer0[1] = transform.invert(this.pointer0[0]); }
              if (this.pointer1 && key !== 'touch') { this.pointer1[1] = transform.invert(this.pointer1[0]); }
              _transform = transform;
              this.emit('zoom');
              return this;
            },
            end: function() {
              if (--this.active === 0) {
                _activeGesture = null;
                this.emit('end');
              }
              return this;
            },
            emit: function(type) {
              customEvent(new ZoomEvent(zoom, type, _transform), listeners.apply, listeners, [type, this.that, this.args]);
            }
          };

          function wheeled() {
            if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) { return; }
            var g = gesture(this, arguments),
                t = _transform,
                k = Math.max(scaleExtent[0], Math.min(scaleExtent[1], t.k * Math.pow(2, wheelDelta.apply(this, arguments)))),
                p = utilFastMouse(this)(event);

            // If the mouse is in the same location as before, reuse it.
            // If there were recent wheel events, reset the wheel idle timeout.
            if (g.wheel) {
              if (g.mouse[0][0] !== p[0] || g.mouse[0][1] !== p[1]) {
                g.mouse[1] = t.invert(g.mouse[0] = p);
              }
              clearTimeout(g.wheel);

            // Otherwise, capture the mouse point and location at the start.
            } else {
              g.mouse = [p, t.invert(p)];
              interrupt(this);
              g.start();
            }

            event.preventDefault();
            event.stopImmediatePropagation();
            g.wheel = setTimeout(wheelidled, _wheelDelay);
            g.zoom('mouse', constrain(translate(scale(t, k), g.mouse[0], g.mouse[1]), g.extent, translateExtent));

            function wheelidled() {
              g.wheel = null;
              g.end();
            }
          }

          var _downPointerIDs = new Set();
          var _pointerLocGetter;

          function pointerdown() {
            _downPointerIDs.add(event.pointerId);

            if (!filter.apply(this, arguments)) { return; }

            var g = gesture(this, arguments, _downPointerIDs.size === 1);
            var started;

            event.stopImmediatePropagation();
            _pointerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(this);
            var loc = _pointerLocGetter(event);
            var p = [loc, _transform.invert(loc), event.pointerId];
            if (!g.pointer0) {
               g.pointer0 = p;
               started = true;

            } else if (!g.pointer1 && g.pointer0[2] !== p[2]) {
               g.pointer1 = p;
            }

            if (started) {
              interrupt(this);
              g.start();
            }
          }

          function pointermove() {
            if (!_downPointerIDs.has(event.pointerId)) { return; }

            if (!_activeGesture || !_pointerLocGetter) { return; }

            var g = gesture(this, arguments);

            var isPointer0 = g.pointer0 && g.pointer0[2] === event.pointerId;
            var isPointer1 = !isPointer0 && g.pointer1 && g.pointer1[2] === event.pointerId;

            if ((isPointer0 || isPointer1) && 'buttons' in event && !event.buttons) {
              // The pointer went up without ending the gesture somehow, e.g.
              // a down mouse was moved off the map and released. End it here.
              if (g.pointer0) { _downPointerIDs.delete(g.pointer0[2]); }
              if (g.pointer1) { _downPointerIDs.delete(g.pointer1[2]); }
              g.end();
              return;
            }

            event.preventDefault();
            event.stopImmediatePropagation();

            var loc = _pointerLocGetter(event);
            var t, p, l;

            if (isPointer0) { g.pointer0[0] = loc; }
            else if (isPointer1) { g.pointer1[0] = loc; }

            t = _transform;
            if (g.pointer1) {
              var p0 = g.pointer0[0], l0 = g.pointer0[1],
                  p1 = g.pointer1[0], l1 = g.pointer1[1],
                  dp = (dp = p1[0] - p0[0]) * dp + (dp = p1[1] - p0[1]) * dp,
                  dl = (dl = l1[0] - l0[0]) * dl + (dl = l1[1] - l0[1]) * dl;
              t = scale(t, Math.sqrt(dp / dl));
              p = [(p0[0] + p1[0]) / 2, (p0[1] + p1[1]) / 2];
              l = [(l0[0] + l1[0]) / 2, (l0[1] + l1[1]) / 2];
            } else if (g.pointer0) {
              p = g.pointer0[0];
              l = g.pointer0[1];
            }
            else { return; }
            g.zoom('touch', constrain(translate(t, p, l), g.extent, translateExtent));
          }

          function pointerup() {
            if (!_downPointerIDs.has(event.pointerId)) { return; }

            _downPointerIDs.delete(event.pointerId);

            if (!_activeGesture) { return; }

            var g = gesture(this, arguments);

            event.stopImmediatePropagation();

            if (g.pointer0 && g.pointer0[2] === event.pointerId) { delete g.pointer0; }
            else if (g.pointer1 && g.pointer1[2] === event.pointerId) { delete g.pointer1; }

            if (g.pointer1 && !g.pointer0) {
              g.pointer0 = g.pointer1;
              delete g.pointer1;
            }
            if (g.pointer0) { g.pointer0[1] = _transform.invert(g.pointer0[0]); }
            else {
              g.end();
            }
          }

          zoom.wheelDelta = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (wheelDelta = utilFunctor(+_), zoom) : wheelDelta;
          };

          zoom.filter = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (filter = utilFunctor(!!_), zoom) : filter;
          };

          zoom.extent = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (extent = utilFunctor([[+_[0][0], +_[0][1]], [+_[1][0], +_[1][1]]]), zoom) : extent;
          };

          zoom.scaleExtent = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (scaleExtent[0] = +_[0], scaleExtent[1] = +_[1], zoom) : [scaleExtent[0], scaleExtent[1]];
          };

          zoom.translateExtent = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (translateExtent[0][0] = +_[0][0], translateExtent[1][0] = +_[1][0], translateExtent[0][1] = +_[0][1], translateExtent[1][1] = +_[1][1], zoom) : [[translateExtent[0][0], translateExtent[0][1]], [translateExtent[1][0], translateExtent[1][1]]];
          };

          zoom.constrain = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (constrain = _, zoom) : constrain;
          };

          zoom.interpolate = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (interpolate = _, zoom) : interpolate;
          };

          zoom._transform = function(_) {
            return arguments.length ? (_transform = _, zoom) : _transform;
          };

          zoom.on = function() {
            var value = listeners.on.apply(listeners, arguments);
            return value === listeners ? zoom : value;
          };

          return zoom;
        }

        // A custom double-click / double-tap event detector that works on touch devices
        // if pointer events are supported. Falls back to default `dblclick` event.
        function utilDoubleUp() {

            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('doubleUp');

            var _maxTimespan = 500; // milliseconds
            var _maxDistance = 20; // web pixels; be somewhat generous to account for touch devices
            var _pointer; // object representing the pointer that could trigger double up

            function pointerIsValidFor(loc) {
                // second pointerup must occur within a small timeframe after the first pointerdown
                return new Date().getTime() - _pointer.startTime <= _maxTimespan &&
                    // all pointer events must occur within a small distance of the first pointerdown
                    geoVecLength(_pointer.startLoc, loc) <= _maxDistance;
            }

            function pointerdown() {

                // ignore right-click
                if (event.ctrlKey || event.button === 2) { return; }

                var loc = [event.clientX, event.clientY];

                // Don't rely on pointerId here since it can change between pointerdown
                // events on touch devices
                if (_pointer && !pointerIsValidFor(loc)) {
                    // if this pointer is no longer valid, clear it so another can be started
                    _pointer = undefined;
                }

                if (!_pointer) {
                    _pointer = {
                        startLoc: loc,
                        startTime: new Date().getTime(),
                        upCount: 0,
                        pointerId: event.pointerId
                    };
                } else { // double down
                    _pointer.pointerId = event.pointerId;
                }
            }

            function pointerup() {

                // ignore right-click
                if (event.ctrlKey || event.button === 2) { return; }

                if (!_pointer || _pointer.pointerId !== event.pointerId) { return; }

                _pointer.upCount += 1;

                if (_pointer.upCount === 2) { // double up!
                    var loc = [event.clientX, event.clientY];
                    if (pointerIsValidFor(loc)) {
                        var locInThis = utilFastMouse(this)(event);
                        dispatch$1.call('doubleUp', this, locInThis);
                    }
                    // clear the pointer info in any case
                    _pointer = undefined;
                }
            }

            function doubleUp(selection) {
                if ('PointerEvent' in window) {
                    // dblclick isn't well supported on touch devices so manually use
                    // pointer events if they're available
                    selection
                        .on('pointerdown.doubleUp', pointerdown)
                        .on('pointerup.doubleUp', pointerup);
                } else {
                    // fallback to dblclick
                    selection
                        .on('dblclick.doubleUp', function() {
                            dispatch$1.call('doubleUp', this, utilFastMouse(this)(event));
                        });
                }
            }

            doubleUp.off = function(selection) {
                selection
                    .on('pointerdown.doubleUp', null)
                    .on('pointerup.doubleUp', null)
                    .on('dblclick.doubleUp', null);
            };

            return utilRebind(doubleUp, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        // constants
        var TILESIZE = 256;
        var minZoom = 2;
        var maxZoom = 24;
        var kMin = geoZoomToScale(minZoom, TILESIZE);
        var kMax = geoZoomToScale(maxZoom, TILESIZE);

        function clamp(num, min, max) {
            return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
        }


        function rendererMap(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch(
                'move', 'drawn',
                'crossEditableZoom', 'hitMinZoom',
                'changeHighlighting', 'changeAreaFill'
            );
            var projection = context.projection;
            var curtainProjection = context.curtainProjection;
            var drawLayers;
            var drawPoints;
            var drawVertices;
            var drawLines;
            var drawAreas;
            var drawMidpoints;
            var drawLabels;

            var _selection = select(null);
            var supersurface = select(null);
            var wrapper = select(null);
            var surface = select(null);

            var _dimensions = [1, 1];
            var _dblClickZoomEnabled = true;
            var _redrawEnabled = true;
            var _gestureTransformStart;
            var _transformStart = projection.transform();
            var _transformLast;
            var _isTransformed = false;
            var _minzoom = 0;
            var _getMouseCoords;
            var _lastPointerEvent;
            var _lastWithinEditableZoom;

            // whether a pointerdown event started the zoom
            var _pointerDown = false;

            // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
            var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';

            // use pointer event interaction if supported; fallback to touch/mouse events in d3-zoom
            var _zoomerPannerFunction = 'PointerEvent' in window ? utilZoomPan : d3_zoom;

            var _zoomerPanner = _zoomerPannerFunction()
                .scaleExtent([kMin, kMax])
                .interpolate(interpolate)
                .filter(zoomEventFilter)
                .on('zoom.map', zoomPan)
                .on('start.map', function() {
                    _pointerDown = event.sourceEvent && event.sourceEvent.type === 'pointerdown';
                })
                .on('end.map', function() {
                    _pointerDown = false;
                });
            var _doubleUpHandler = utilDoubleUp();

            var scheduleRedraw = throttle(redraw, 750);
            // var isRedrawScheduled = false;
            // var pendingRedrawCall;
            // function scheduleRedraw() {
            //     // Only schedule the redraw if one has not already been set.
            //     if (isRedrawScheduled) return;
            //     isRedrawScheduled = true;
            //     var that = this;
            //     var args = arguments;
            //     pendingRedrawCall = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
            //         // Reset the boolean so future redraws can be set.
            //         isRedrawScheduled = false;
            //         redraw.apply(that, args);
            //     }, { timeout: 1400 });
            // }

            function cancelPendingRedraw() {
                scheduleRedraw.cancel();
                // isRedrawScheduled = false;
                // window.cancelIdleCallback(pendingRedrawCall);
            }


            function map(selection) {
                _selection = selection;

                context
                    .on('change.map', immediateRedraw);

                var osm = context.connection();
                if (osm) {
                    osm.on('change.map', immediateRedraw);
                }

                function didUndoOrRedo(targetTransform) {
                    var mode = context.mode().id;
                    if (mode !== 'browse' && mode !== 'select') { return; }
                    if (targetTransform) {
                        map.transformEase(targetTransform);
                    }
                }

                context.history()
                    .on('merge.map', function() { scheduleRedraw(); })
                    .on('change.map', immediateRedraw)
                    .on('undone.map', function(stack, fromStack) {
                        didUndoOrRedo(fromStack.transform);
                    })
                    .on('redone.map', function(stack) {
                        didUndoOrRedo(stack.transform);
                    });

                context.background()
                    .on('change.map', immediateRedraw);

                context.features()
                    .on('redraw.map', immediateRedraw);

                drawLayers
                    .on('change.map', function() {
                        context.background().updateImagery();
                        immediateRedraw();
                    });

                selection
                    .on('wheel.map mousewheel.map', function() {
                        // disable swipe-to-navigate browser pages on trackpad/magic mouse – #5552
                        event.preventDefault();
                    })
                    .call(_zoomerPanner)
                    .call(_zoomerPanner.transform, projection.transform())
                    .on('dblclick.zoom', null); // override d3-zoom dblclick handling

                map.supersurface = supersurface = selection.append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'supersurface')
                    .call(utilSetTransform, 0, 0);

                // Need a wrapper div because Opera can't cope with an absolutely positioned
                // SVG element: http://bl.ocks.org/jfirebaugh/6fbfbd922552bf776c16
                wrapper = supersurface
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'layer layer-data');

                map.surface = surface = wrapper
                    .call(drawLayers)
                    .selectAll('.surface');

                surface
                    .call(drawLabels.observe)
                    .call(_doubleUpHandler)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.zoom', function() {
                        _lastPointerEvent = event;
                        if (event.button === 2) {
                            event.stopPropagation();
                        }
                    }, true)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.zoom', function() {
                        _lastPointerEvent = event;
                        if (resetTransform()) {
                            immediateRedraw();
                        }
                    })
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.map', function() {
                        _lastPointerEvent = event;
                    })
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'over.vertices', function() {
                        if (map.editableDataEnabled() && !_isTransformed) {
                            var hover = event.target.__data__;
                            surface.call(drawVertices.drawHover, context.graph(), hover, map.extent());
                            dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, { full: false });
                        }
                    })
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'out.vertices', function() {
                        if (map.editableDataEnabled() && !_isTransformed) {
                            var hover = event.relatedTarget && event.relatedTarget.__data__;
                            surface.call(drawVertices.drawHover, context.graph(), hover, map.extent());
                            dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, { full: false });
                        }
                    });

                var detected = utilDetect();

                // only WebKit supports gesture events
                if ('GestureEvent' in window &&
                    // Listening for gesture events on iOS 13.4+ breaks double-tapping,
                    // but we only need to do this on desktop Safari anyway. – #7694
                    !detected.isMobileWebKit) {

                    // Desktop Safari sends gesture events for multitouch trackpad pinches.
                    // We can listen for these and translate them into map zooms.
                    surface
                        .on('gesturestart.surface', function() {
                            event.preventDefault();
                            _gestureTransformStart = projection.transform();
                        })
                        .on('gesturechange.surface', gestureChange);
                }

                // must call after surface init
                updateAreaFill();

                _doubleUpHandler.on('doubleUp.map', function(p0) {
                    if (!_dblClickZoomEnabled) { return; }

                    // don't zoom if targeting something other than the map itself
                    if (typeof event.target.__data__ === 'object' &&
                        // or area fills
                        !select(event.target).classed('fill')) { return; }

                    var zoomOut = event.shiftKey;

                    var t = projection.transform();

                    var p1 = t.invert(p0);

                    t = t.scale(zoomOut ? 0.5 : 2);

                    t.x = p0[0] - p1[0] * t.k;
                    t.y = p0[1] - p1[1] * t.k;

                    map.transformEase(t);
                });

                context.on('enter.map',  function() {
                    if (!map.editableDataEnabled(true /* skip zoom check */)) { return; }

                    // redraw immediately any objects affected by a change in selectedIDs.
                    var graph = context.graph();
                    var selectedAndParents = {};
                    context.selectedIDs().forEach(function(id) {
                        var entity = graph.hasEntity(id);
                        if (entity) {
                            selectedAndParents[entity.id] = entity;
                            if (entity.type === 'node') {
                                graph.parentWays(entity).forEach(function(parent) {
                                    selectedAndParents[parent.id] = parent;
                                });
                            }
                        }
                    });
                    var data = Object.values(selectedAndParents);
                    var filter = function(d) { return d.id in selectedAndParents; };

                    data = context.features().filter(data, graph);

                    surface
                        .call(drawVertices.drawSelected, graph, map.extent())
                        .call(drawLines, graph, data, filter)
                        .call(drawAreas, graph, data, filter)
                        .call(drawMidpoints, graph, data, filter, map.trimmedExtent());

                    dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, { full: false });

                    // redraw everything else later
                    scheduleRedraw();
                });

                map.dimensions(utilGetDimensions(selection));
            }


            function zoomEventFilter() {
                // Fix for #2151, (see also d3/d3-zoom#60, d3/d3-brush#18)
                // Intercept `mousedown` and check if there is an orphaned zoom gesture.
                // This can happen if a previous `mousedown` occurred without a `mouseup`.
                // If we detect this, dispatch `mouseup` to complete the orphaned gesture,
                // so that d3-zoom won't stop propagation of new `mousedown` events.
                if (event.type === 'mousedown') {
                    var hasOrphan = false;
                    var listeners = window.__on;
                    for (var i = 0; i < listeners.length; i++) {
                        var listener = listeners[i];
                        if (listener.name === 'zoom' && listener.type === 'mouseup') {
                            hasOrphan = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if (hasOrphan) {
                        var event$1 = window.CustomEvent;
                        if (event$1) {
                            event$1 = new event$1('mouseup');
                        } else {
                            event$1 = window.document.createEvent('Event');
                            event$1.initEvent('mouseup', false, false);
                        }
                        // Event needs to be dispatched with an event.view property.
                        event$1.view = window;
                        window.dispatchEvent(event$1);
                    }
                }

                return event.button !== 2;   // ignore right clicks
            }


            function pxCenter() {
                return [_dimensions[0] / 2, _dimensions[1] / 2];
            }


            function drawEditable(difference, extent) {
                var mode = context.mode();
                var graph = context.graph();
                var features = context.features();
                var all = context.history().intersects(map.extent());
                var fullRedraw = false;
                var data;
                var set;
                var filter;
                var applyFeatureLayerFilters = true;

                if (map.isInWideSelection()) {
                    data = [];
                    utilEntityAndDeepMemberIDs(mode.selectedIDs(), context.graph()).forEach(function(id) {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(id);
                        if (entity) { data.push(entity); }
                    });
                    fullRedraw = true;
                    filter = utilFunctor(true);
                    // selected features should always be visible, so we can skip filtering
                    applyFeatureLayerFilters = false;

                } else if (difference) {
                    var complete = difference.complete(map.extent());
                    data = Object.values(complete).filter(Boolean);
                    set = new Set(Object.keys(complete));
                    filter = function(d) { return set.has(d.id); };
                    features.clear(data);

                } else {
                    // force a full redraw if gatherStats detects that a feature
                    // should be auto-hidden (e.g. points or buildings)..
                    if (features.gatherStats(all, graph, _dimensions)) {
                        extent = undefined;
                    }

                    if (extent) {
                        data = context.history().intersects(map.extent().intersection(extent));
                        set = new Set(data.map(function(entity) { return entity.id; }));
                        filter = function(d) { return set.has(d.id); };

                    } else {
                        data = all;
                        fullRedraw = true;
                        filter = utilFunctor(true);
                    }
                }

                if (applyFeatureLayerFilters) {
                    data = features.filter(data, graph);
                } else {
                    context.features().resetStats();
                }

                if (mode && mode.id === 'select') {
                    // update selected vertices - the user might have just double-clicked a way,
                    // creating a new vertex, triggering a partial redraw without a mode change
                    surface.call(drawVertices.drawSelected, graph, map.extent());
                }

                surface
                    .call(drawVertices, graph, data, filter, map.extent(), fullRedraw)
                    .call(drawLines, graph, data, filter)
                    .call(drawAreas, graph, data, filter)
                    .call(drawMidpoints, graph, data, filter, map.trimmedExtent())
                    .call(drawLabels, graph, data, filter, _dimensions, fullRedraw)
                    .call(drawPoints, graph, data, filter);

                dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, {full: true});
            }

            map.init = function() {
                drawLayers = svgLayers(projection, context);
                drawPoints = svgPoints(projection, context);
                drawVertices = svgVertices(projection, context);
                drawLines = svgLines(projection, context);
                drawAreas = svgAreas(projection, context);
                drawMidpoints = svgMidpoints(projection, context);
                drawLabels = svgLabels(projection, context);
            };

            function editOff() {
                context.features().resetStats();
                surface.selectAll('.layer-osm *').remove();
                surface.selectAll('.layer-touch:not(.markers) *').remove();

                var allowed = {
                    'browse': true,
                    'save': true,
                    'select-note': true,
                    'select-data': true,
                    'select-error': true
                };

                var mode = context.mode();
                if (mode && !allowed[mode.id]) {
                    context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                }

                dispatch$1.call('drawn', this, {full: true});
            }





            function gestureChange() {
                // Remap Safari gesture events to wheel events - #5492
                // We want these disabled most places, but enabled for zoom/unzoom on map surface
                // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/GestureEvent
                var e = event;
                e.preventDefault();

                var props = {
                    deltaMode: 0,    // dummy values to ignore in zoomPan
                    deltaY: 1,       // dummy values to ignore in zoomPan
                    clientX: e.clientX,
                    clientY: e.clientY,
                    screenX: e.screenX,
                    screenY: e.screenY,
                    x: e.x,
                    y: e.y
                };

                var e2 = new WheelEvent('wheel', props);
                e2._scale = e.scale;         // preserve the original scale
                e2._rotation = e.rotation;   // preserve the original rotation

                _selection.node().dispatchEvent(e2);
            }


            function zoomPan(manualEvent) {
                var event$1 = (manualEvent || event);
                var source = event$1.sourceEvent;
                var eventTransform = event$1.transform;
                var x = eventTransform.x;
                var y = eventTransform.y;
                var k = eventTransform.k;

                // Special handling of 'wheel' events:
                // They might be triggered by the user scrolling the mouse wheel,
                // or 2-finger pinch/zoom gestures, the transform may need adjustment.
                if (source && source.type === 'wheel') {

                    // assume that the gesture is already handled by pointer events
                    if (_pointerDown) { return; }

                    var detected = utilDetect();
                    var dX = source.deltaX;
                    var dY = source.deltaY;
                    var x2 = x;
                    var y2 = y;
                    var k2 = k;
                    var t0, p0, p1;

                    // Normalize mousewheel scroll speed (Firefox) - #3029
                    // If wheel delta is provided in LINE units, recalculate it in PIXEL units
                    // We are essentially redoing the calculations that occur here:
                    //   https://github.com/d3/d3-zoom/blob/78563a8348aa4133b07cac92e2595c2227ca7cd7/src/zoom.js#L203
                    // See this for more info:
                    //   https://github.com/basilfx/normalize-wheel/blob/master/src/normalizeWheel.js
                    if (source.deltaMode === 1 /* LINE */) {
                        // Convert from lines to pixels, more if the user is scrolling fast.
                        // (I made up the exp function to roughly match Firefox to what Chrome does)
                        // These numbers should be floats, because integers are treated as pan gesture below.
                        var lines = Math.abs(source.deltaY);
                        var sign = (source.deltaY > 0) ? 1 : -1;
                        dY = sign * clamp(
                            Math.exp((lines - 1) * 0.75) * 4.000244140625,
                            4.000244140625,    // min
                            350.000244140625   // max
                        );

                        // On Firefox Windows and Linux we always get +/- the scroll line amount (default 3)
                        // There doesn't seem to be any scroll acceleration.
                        // This multiplier increases the speed a little bit - #5512
                        if (detected.os !== 'mac') {
                            dY *= 5;
                        }

                        // recalculate x2,y2,k2
                        t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
                        p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
                        p1 = t0.invert(p0);
                        k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
                        k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
                        x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
                        y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2;

                    // 2 finger map pinch zooming (Safari) - #5492
                    // These are fake `wheel` events we made from Safari `gesturechange` events..
                    } else if (source._scale) {
                        // recalculate x2,y2,k2
                        t0 = _gestureTransformStart;
                        p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
                        p1 = t0.invert(p0);
                        k2 = t0.k * source._scale;
                        k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
                        x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
                        y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2;

                    // 2 finger map pinch zooming (all browsers except Safari) - #5492
                    // Pinch zooming via the `wheel` event will always have:
                    // - `ctrlKey = true`
                    // - `deltaY` is not round integer pixels (ignore `deltaX`)
                    } else if (source.ctrlKey && !isInteger(dY)) {
                        dY *= 6;   // slightly scale up whatever the browser gave us

                        // recalculate x2,y2,k2
                        t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
                        p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
                        p1 = t0.invert(p0);
                        k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
                        k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
                        x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
                        y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2;

                    // Trackpad scroll zooming with shift or alt/option key down
                    } else if ((source.altKey || source.shiftKey) && isInteger(dY)) {
                        // recalculate x2,y2,k2
                        t0 = _isTransformed ? _transformLast : _transformStart;
                        p0 = _getMouseCoords(source);
                        p1 = t0.invert(p0);
                        k2 = t0.k * Math.pow(2, -dY / 500);
                        k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
                        x2 = p0[0] - p1[0] * k2;
                        y2 = p0[1] - p1[1] * k2;

                    // 2 finger map panning (Mac only, all browsers) - #5492, #5512
                    // Panning via the `wheel` event will always have:
                    // - `ctrlKey = false`
                    // - `deltaX`,`deltaY` are round integer pixels
                    } else if (detected.os === 'mac' && !source.ctrlKey && isInteger(dX) && isInteger(dY)) {
                        p1 = projection.translate();
                        x2 = p1[0] - dX;
                        y2 = p1[1] - dY;
                        k2 = projection.scale();
                        k2 = clamp(k2, kMin, kMax);
                    }

                    // something changed - replace the event transform
                    if (x2 !== x || y2 !== y || k2 !== k) {
                        x = x2;
                        y = y2;
                        k = k2;
                        eventTransform = identity$2.translate(x2, y2).scale(k2);
                        if (_zoomerPanner._transform) {
                            // utilZoomPan interface
                            _zoomerPanner._transform(eventTransform);
                        } else {
                            // d3_zoom interface
                            _selection.node().__zoom = eventTransform;
                        }
                    }

                }

                if (_transformStart.x === x &&
                    _transformStart.y === y &&
                    _transformStart.k === k) {
                    return;  // no change
                }

                var withinEditableZoom = map.withinEditableZoom();
                if (_lastWithinEditableZoom !== withinEditableZoom) {
                    if (_lastWithinEditableZoom !== undefined) {
                        // notify that the map zoomed in or out over the editable zoom threshold
                        dispatch$1.call('crossEditableZoom', this, withinEditableZoom);
                    }
                    _lastWithinEditableZoom = withinEditableZoom;
                }

                if (geoScaleToZoom(k, TILESIZE) < _minzoom) {
                    surface.interrupt();
                    dispatch$1.call('hitMinZoom', this, map);
                    setCenterZoom(map.center(), context.minEditableZoom(), 0, true);
                    scheduleRedraw();
                    dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
                    return;
                }

                projection.transform(eventTransform);

                var scale = k / _transformStart.k;
                var tX = (x / scale - _transformStart.x) * scale;
                var tY = (y / scale - _transformStart.y) * scale;

                if (context.inIntro()) {
                    curtainProjection.transform({
                        x: x - tX,
                        y: y - tY,
                        k: k
                    });
                }

                if (source) {
                    _lastPointerEvent = event$1;
                }
                _isTransformed = true;
                _transformLast = eventTransform;
                utilSetTransform(supersurface, tX, tY, scale);
                scheduleRedraw();

                dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);


                function isInteger(val) {
                    return typeof val === 'number' && isFinite(val) && Math.floor(val) === val;
                }
            }


            function resetTransform() {
                if (!_isTransformed) { return false; }

                utilSetTransform(supersurface, 0, 0);
                _isTransformed = false;
                if (context.inIntro()) {
                    curtainProjection.transform(projection.transform());
                }
                return true;
            }


            function redraw(difference, extent) {
                if (surface.empty() || !_redrawEnabled) { return; }

                // If we are in the middle of a zoom/pan, we can't do differenced redraws.
                // It would result in artifacts where differenced entities are redrawn with
                // one transform and unchanged entities with another.
                if (resetTransform()) {
                    difference = extent = undefined;
                }

                var zoom = map.zoom();
                var z = String(~~zoom);

                if (surface.attr('data-zoom') !== z) {
                    surface.attr('data-zoom', z);
                }

                // class surface as `lowzoom` around z17-z18.5 (based on latitude)
                var lat = map.center()[1];
                var lowzoom = linear$2()
                    .domain([-60, 0, 60])
                    .range([17, 18.5, 17])
                    .clamp(true);

                surface
                    .classed('low-zoom', zoom <= lowzoom(lat));


                if (!difference) {
                    supersurface.call(context.background());
                    wrapper.call(drawLayers);
                }

                // OSM
                if (map.editableDataEnabled() || map.isInWideSelection()) {
                    context.loadTiles(projection);
                    drawEditable(difference, extent);
                } else {
                    editOff();
                }

                _transformStart = projection.transform();

                return map;
            }



            var immediateRedraw = function(difference, extent) {
                if (!difference && !extent) { cancelPendingRedraw(); }
                redraw(difference, extent);
            };


            map.lastPointerEvent = function() {
                return _lastPointerEvent;
            };


            map.mouse = function() {
                var event$1 = _lastPointerEvent || event;
                if (event$1) {
                    var s;
                    while ((s = event$1.sourceEvent)) { event$1 = s; }
                    return _getMouseCoords(event$1);
                }
                return null;
            };


            // returns Lng/Lat
            map.mouseCoordinates = function() {
                var coord = map.mouse() || pxCenter();
                return projection.invert(coord);
            };


            map.dblclickZoomEnable = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _dblClickZoomEnabled; }
                _dblClickZoomEnabled = val;
                return map;
            };


            map.redrawEnable = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _redrawEnabled; }
                _redrawEnabled = val;
                return map;
            };


            map.isTransformed = function() {
                return _isTransformed;
            };


            function setTransform(t2, duration, force) {
                var t = projection.transform();
                if (!force && t2.k === t.k && t2.x === t.x && t2.y === t.y) { return false; }

                if (duration) {
                    _selection
                        .transition()
                        .duration(duration)
                        .on('start', function() { map.startEase(); })
                        .call(_zoomerPanner.transform, identity$2.translate(t2.x, t2.y).scale(t2.k));
                } else {
                    projection.transform(t2);
                    _transformStart = t2;
                    _selection.call(_zoomerPanner.transform, _transformStart);
                }

                return true;
            }


            function setCenterZoom(loc2, z2, duration, force) {
                var c = map.center();
                var z = map.zoom();
                if (loc2[0] === c[0] && loc2[1] === c[1] && z2 === z && !force) { return false; }

                var proj = geoRawMercator().transform(projection.transform());  // copy projection

                var k2 = clamp(geoZoomToScale(z2, TILESIZE), kMin, kMax);
                proj.scale(k2);

                var t = proj.translate();
                var point = proj(loc2);

                var center = pxCenter();
                t[0] += center[0] - point[0];
                t[1] += center[1] - point[1];

                return setTransform(identity$2.translate(t[0], t[1]).scale(k2), duration, force);
            }


            map.pan = function(delta, duration) {
                var t = projection.translate();
                var k = projection.scale();

                t[0] += delta[0];
                t[1] += delta[1];

                if (duration) {
                    _selection
                        .transition()
                        .duration(duration)
                        .on('start', function() { map.startEase(); })
                        .call(_zoomerPanner.transform, identity$2.translate(t[0], t[1]).scale(k));
                } else {
                    projection.translate(t);
                    _transformStart = projection.transform();
                    _selection.call(_zoomerPanner.transform, _transformStart);
                    dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
                    immediateRedraw();
                }

                return map;
            };


            map.dimensions = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _dimensions; }

                _dimensions = val;
                drawLayers.dimensions(_dimensions);
                context.background().dimensions(_dimensions);
                projection.clipExtent([[0, 0], _dimensions]);
                _getMouseCoords = utilFastMouse(supersurface.node());

                scheduleRedraw();
                return map;
            };


            function zoomIn(delta) {
                setCenterZoom(map.center(), ~~map.zoom() + delta, 250, true);
            }

            function zoomOut(delta) {
                setCenterZoom(map.center(), ~~map.zoom() - delta, 250, true);
            }

            map.zoomIn = function() { zoomIn(1); };
            map.zoomInFurther = function() { zoomIn(4); };
            map.canZoomIn = function() { return map.zoom() < maxZoom; };

            map.zoomOut = function() { zoomOut(1); };
            map.zoomOutFurther = function() { zoomOut(4); };
            map.canZoomOut = function() { return map.zoom() > minZoom; };

            map.center = function(loc2) {
                if (!arguments.length) {
                    return projection.invert(pxCenter());
                }

                if (setCenterZoom(loc2, map.zoom())) {
                    dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
                }

                scheduleRedraw();
                return map;
            };

            map.unobscuredCenterZoomEase = function(loc, zoom) {
                var offset = map.unobscuredOffsetPx();

                var proj = geoRawMercator().transform(projection.transform());  // copy projection
                // use the target zoom to calculate the offset center
                proj.scale(geoZoomToScale(zoom, TILESIZE));

                var locPx = proj(loc);
                var offsetLocPx = [locPx[0] + offset[0], locPx[1] + offset[1]];
                var offsetLoc = proj.invert(offsetLocPx);

                map.centerZoomEase(offsetLoc, zoom);
            };

            map.unobscuredOffsetPx = function() {
                var openPane = context.container().select('.map-panes .map-pane.shown');
                if (!openPane.empty()) {
                    return [openPane.node().offsetWidth/2, 0];
                }
                return [0, 0];
            };

            map.zoom = function(z2) {
                if (!arguments.length) {
                    return Math.max(geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale(), TILESIZE), 0);
                }

                if (z2 < _minzoom) {
                    surface.interrupt();
                    dispatch$1.call('hitMinZoom', this, map);
                    z2 = context.minEditableZoom();
                }

                if (setCenterZoom(map.center(), z2)) {
                    dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
                }

                scheduleRedraw();
                return map;
            };


            map.centerZoom = function(loc2, z2) {
                if (setCenterZoom(loc2, z2)) {
                    dispatch$1.call('move', this, map);
                }

                scheduleRedraw();
                return map;
            };


            map.zoomTo = function(entity) {
                var extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
                if (!isFinite(extent.area())) { return map; }

                var z2 = clamp(map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent), 0, 20);
                return map.centerZoom(extent.center(), z2);
            };


            map.centerEase = function(loc2, duration) {
                duration = duration || 250;
                setCenterZoom(loc2, map.zoom(), duration);
                return map;
            };


            map.zoomEase = function(z2, duration) {
                duration = duration || 250;
                setCenterZoom(map.center(), z2, duration, false);
                return map;
            };


            map.centerZoomEase = function(loc2, z2, duration) {
                duration = duration || 250;
                setCenterZoom(loc2, z2, duration, false);
                return map;
            };


            map.transformEase = function(t2, duration) {
                duration = duration || 250;
                setTransform(t2, duration, false /* don't force */);
                return map;
            };


            map.zoomToEase = function(obj, duration) {
                var extent;
                if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
                    obj.forEach(function(entity) {
                        var entityExtent = entity.extent(context.graph());
                        if (!extent) {
                            extent = entityExtent;
                        } else {
                            extent = extent.extend(entityExtent);
                        }
                    });
                } else {
                    extent = obj.extent(context.graph());
                }
                if (!isFinite(extent.area())) { return map; }

                var z2 = clamp(map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent), 0, 20);
                return map.centerZoomEase(extent.center(), z2, duration);
            };


            map.startEase = function() {
                utilBindOnce(surface, _pointerPrefix + 'down.ease', function() {
                    map.cancelEase();
                });
                return map;
            };


            map.cancelEase = function() {
                _selection.interrupt();
                return map;
            };


            map.extent = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) {
                    return new geoExtent(
                        projection.invert([0, _dimensions[1]]),
                        projection.invert([_dimensions[0], 0])
                    );
                } else {
                    var extent = geoExtent(val);
                    map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.extentZoom(extent));
                }
            };


            map.trimmedExtent = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) {
                    var headerY = 71;
                    var footerY = 30;
                    var pad = 10;
                    return new geoExtent(
                        projection.invert([pad, _dimensions[1] - footerY - pad]),
                        projection.invert([_dimensions[0] - pad, headerY + pad])
                    );
                } else {
                    var extent = geoExtent(val);
                    map.centerZoom(extent.center(), map.trimmedExtentZoom(extent));
                }
            };


            function calcExtentZoom(extent, dim) {
                var tl = projection([extent[0][0], extent[1][1]]);
                var br = projection([extent[1][0], extent[0][1]]);

                // Calculate maximum zoom that fits extent
                var hFactor = (br[0] - tl[0]) / dim[0];
                var vFactor = (br[1] - tl[1]) / dim[1];
                var hZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(hFactor)) / Math.LN2;
                var vZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(vFactor)) / Math.LN2;
                var newZoom = map.zoom() - Math.max(hZoomDiff, vZoomDiff);

                return newZoom;
            }


            map.extentZoom = function(val) {
                return calcExtentZoom(geoExtent(val), _dimensions);
            };


            map.trimmedExtentZoom = function(val) {
                var trimY = 120;
                var trimX = 40;
                var trimmed = [_dimensions[0] - trimX, _dimensions[1] - trimY];
                return calcExtentZoom(geoExtent(val), trimmed);
            };


            map.withinEditableZoom = function() {
                return map.zoom() >= context.minEditableZoom();
            };


            map.isInWideSelection = function() {
                return !map.withinEditableZoom() && context.selectedIDs().length;
            };


            map.editableDataEnabled = function(skipZoomCheck) {

                var layer = context.layers().layer('osm');
                if (!layer || !layer.enabled()) { return false; }

                return skipZoomCheck || map.withinEditableZoom();
            };


            map.notesEditable = function() {
                var layer = context.layers().layer('notes');
                if (!layer || !layer.enabled()) { return false; }

                return map.withinEditableZoom();
            };


            map.minzoom = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _minzoom; }
                _minzoom = val;
                return map;
            };


            map.toggleHighlightEdited = function() {
                surface.classed('highlight-edited', !surface.classed('highlight-edited'));
                map.pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
                dispatch$1.call('changeHighlighting', this);
            };


            map.areaFillOptions = ['wireframe', 'partial', 'full'];

            map.activeAreaFill = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return corePreferences('area-fill') || 'partial'; }

                corePreferences('area-fill', val);
                if (val !== 'wireframe') {
                    corePreferences('area-fill-toggle', val);
                }
                updateAreaFill();
                map.pan([0,0]);  // trigger a redraw
                dispatch$1.call('changeAreaFill', this);
                return map;
            };

            map.toggleWireframe = function() {

                var activeFill = map.activeAreaFill();

                if (activeFill === 'wireframe') {
                    activeFill = corePreferences('area-fill-toggle') || 'partial';
                } else {
                    activeFill = 'wireframe';
                }

                map.activeAreaFill(activeFill);
            };

            function updateAreaFill() {
                var activeFill = map.activeAreaFill();
                map.areaFillOptions.forEach(function(opt) {
                    surface.classed('fill-' + opt, Boolean(opt === activeFill));
                });
            }


            map.layers = function () { return drawLayers; };


            map.doubleUpHandler = function() {
                return _doubleUpHandler;
            };


            return utilRebind(map, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function rendererPhotos(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var _layerIDs = ['streetside', 'mapillary', 'mapillary-map-features', 'mapillary-signs', 'openstreetcam'];
            var _allPhotoTypes = ['flat', 'panoramic'];
            var _shownPhotoTypes = _allPhotoTypes.slice();   // shallow copy

            function photos() {}

            function updateStorage() {
                if (window.mocha) { return; }

                var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
                var enabled = context.layers().all().filter(function(d) {
                    return _layerIDs.indexOf(d.id) !== -1 && d.layer && d.layer.supported() && d.layer.enabled();
                }).map(function(d) {
                    return d.id;
                });
                if (enabled.length) {
                    hash.photo_overlay = enabled.join(',');
                } else {
                    delete hash.photo_overlay;
                }
                window.location.replace('#' + utilQsString(hash, true));
            }

            photos.overlayLayerIDs = function() {
                return _layerIDs;
            };

            photos.allPhotoTypes = function() {
                return _allPhotoTypes;
            };

            function showsLayer(id) {
                var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
                return layer && layer.supported() && layer.enabled();
            }

            photos.shouldFilterByPhotoType = function() {
                return showsLayer('mapillary') ||
                    (showsLayer('streetside') && showsLayer('openstreetcam'));
            };

            photos.showsPhotoType = function(val) {
                if (!photos.shouldFilterByPhotoType()) { return true; }

                return _shownPhotoTypes.indexOf(val) !== -1;
            };

            photos.showsFlat = function() {
                return photos.showsPhotoType('flat');
            };

            photos.showsPanoramic = function() {
                return photos.showsPhotoType('panoramic');
            };

            photos.togglePhotoType = function(val) {
                var index = _shownPhotoTypes.indexOf(val);
                if (index !== -1) {
                    _shownPhotoTypes.splice(index, 1);
                } else {
                    _shownPhotoTypes.push(val);
                }
                dispatch$1.call('change', this);
                return photos;
            };

            photos.init = function() {
                var hash = utilStringQs(window.location.hash);
                if (hash.photo_overlay) {
                    var hashOverlayIDs = hash.photo_overlay.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',');
                    hashOverlayIDs.forEach(function(id) {
                        var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
                        if (layer) { layer.enabled(true); }
                    });
                }

                context.layers().on('change.rendererPhotos', updateStorage);
            };

            return utilRebind(photos, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiAccount(context) {
            var osm = context.connection();


            function update(selection) {
                if (!osm) { return; }

                if (!osm.authenticated()) {
                    selection.selectAll('.userLink, .logoutLink')
                        .classed('hide', true);
                    return;
                }

                osm.userDetails(function(err, details) {
                    var userLink = selection.select('.userLink'),
                        logoutLink = selection.select('.logoutLink');

                    userLink.html('');
                    logoutLink.html('');

                    if (err || !details) { return; }

                    selection.selectAll('.userLink, .logoutLink')
                        .classed('hide', false);

                    // Link
                    userLink.append('a')
                        .attr('href', osm.userURL(details.display_name))
                        .attr('target', '_blank');

                    // Add thumbnail or dont
                    if (details.image_url) {
                        userLink.append('img')
                            .attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon')
                            .attr('src', details.image_url);
                    } else {
                        userLink
                            .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-avatar', 'pre-text light'));
                    }

                    // Add user name
                    userLink.append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'label')
                        .text(details.display_name);

                    logoutLink.append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'logout')
                        .attr('href', '#')
                        .text(_t('logout'))
                        .on('click.logout', function() {
                            event.preventDefault();
                            osm.logout();
                        });
                });
            }


            return function(selection) {
                selection.append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'logoutLink')
                    .classed('hide', true);

                selection.append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'userLink')
                    .classed('hide', true);

                if (osm) {
                    osm.on('change.account', function() { update(selection); });
                    update(selection);
                }
            };
        }

        function uiAttribution(context) {
          var _selection = select(null);


          function render(selection, data, klass) {
            var div = selection.selectAll(("." + klass))
              .data([0]);

            div = div.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', klass)
              .merge(div);


            var attributions = div.selectAll('.attribution')
              .data(data, function (d) { return d.id; });

            attributions.exit()
              .remove();

            attributions = attributions.enter()
              .append('span')
              .attr('class', 'attribution')
              .each(function (d, i, nodes) {
                var attribution = select(nodes[i]);

                if (d.terms_html) {
                  attribution.html(d.terms_html);
                  return;
                }

                if (d.terms_url) {
                  attribution = attribution
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('href', d.terms_url)
                    .attr('target', '_blank');
                }

                var sourceID = d.id.replace(/\./g, '<TX_DOT>');
                var terms_text = _t(("imagery." + sourceID + ".attribution.text"),
                  { default: d.terms_text || d.id || d.name() }
                );

                if (d.icon && !d.overlay) {
                  attribution
                    .append('img')
                    .attr('class', 'source-image')
                    .attr('src', d.icon);
                }

                attribution
                  .append('span')
                  .attr('class', 'attribution-text')
                  .text(terms_text);
              })
              .merge(attributions);


            var copyright = attributions.selectAll('.copyright-notice')
              .data(function (d) {
                var notice = d.copyrightNotices(context.map().zoom(), context.map().extent());
                return notice ? [notice] : [];
              });

            copyright.exit()
              .remove();

            copyright = copyright.enter()
              .append('span')
              .attr('class', 'copyright-notice')
              .merge(copyright);

            copyright
              .text(String);
          }


          function update() {
            var baselayer = context.background().baseLayerSource();
            _selection
              .call(render, (baselayer ? [baselayer] : []), 'base-layer-attribution');

            var z = context.map().zoom();
            var overlays = context.background().overlayLayerSources() || [];
            _selection
              .call(render, overlays.filter(function (s) { return s.validZoom(z); }), 'overlay-layer-attribution');
          }


          return function(selection) {
            _selection = selection;

            context.background()
              .on('change.attribution', update);

            context.map()
              .on('move.attribution', throttle(update, 400, { leading: false }));

            update();
          };
        }

        function uiContributors(context) {
            var osm = context.connection(),
                debouncedUpdate = debounce(function() { update(); }, 1000),
                limit = 4,
                hidden = false,
                wrap = select(null);


            function update() {
                if (!osm) { return; }

                var users = {},
                    entities = context.history().intersects(context.map().extent());

                entities.forEach(function(entity) {
                    if (entity && entity.user) { users[entity.user] = true; }
                });

                var u = Object.keys(users),
                    subset = u.slice(0, u.length > limit ? limit - 1 : limit);

                wrap.html('')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-nearby', 'pre-text light'));

                var userList = select(document.createElement('span'));

                userList.selectAll()
                    .data(subset)
                    .enter()
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'user-link')
                    .attr('href', function(d) { return osm.userURL(d); })
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .text(String);

                if (u.length > limit) {
                    var count = select(document.createElement('span'));

                    count.append('a')
                        .attr('target', '_blank')
                        .attr('href', function() {
                            return osm.changesetsURL(context.map().center(), context.map().zoom());
                        })
                        .text(u.length - limit + 1);

                    wrap.append('span')
                        .html(_t('contributors.truncated_list', { users: userList.html(), count: count.html() }));

                } else {
                    wrap.append('span')
                        .html(_t('contributors.list', { users: userList.html() }));
                }

                if (!u.length) {
                    hidden = true;
                    wrap
                        .transition()
                        .style('opacity', 0);

                } else if (hidden) {
                    wrap
                        .transition()
                        .style('opacity', 1);
                }
            }


            return function(selection) {
                if (!osm) { return; }
                wrap = selection;
                update();

                osm.on('loaded.contributors', debouncedUpdate);
                context.map().on('move.contributors', debouncedUpdate);
            };
        }

        var _popoverID = 0;

        function uiPopover(klass) {
            var _id = _popoverID++;
            var _anchorSelection = select(null);
            var popover = function(selection) {
                _anchorSelection = selection;
                selection.each(setup);
            };
            var _animation = utilFunctor(false);
            var _placement = utilFunctor('top'); // top, bottom, left, right
            var _alignment = utilFunctor('center');  // leading, center, trailing
            var _scrollContainer = utilFunctor(select(null));
            var _content;
            var _displayType = utilFunctor('');
            var _hasArrow = utilFunctor(true);

            // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
            var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';

            popover.displayType = function(val) {
                if (arguments.length) {
                    _displayType = utilFunctor(val);
                    return popover;
                } else {
                    return _displayType;
                }
            };

            popover.hasArrow = function(val) {
                if (arguments.length) {
                    _hasArrow = utilFunctor(val);
                    return popover;
                } else {
                    return _hasArrow;
                }
            };

            popover.placement = function(val) {
                if (arguments.length) {
                    _placement = utilFunctor(val);
                    return popover;
                } else {
                    return _placement;
                }
            };

            popover.alignment = function(val) {
                if (arguments.length) {
                    _alignment = utilFunctor(val);
                    return popover;
                } else {
                    return _alignment;
                }
            };

            popover.scrollContainer = function(val) {
                if (arguments.length) {
                    _scrollContainer = utilFunctor(val);
                    return popover;
                } else {
                    return _scrollContainer;
                }
            };

            popover.content = function(val) {
                if (arguments.length) {
                    _content = val;
                    return popover;
                } else {
                    return _content;
                }
            };

            popover.isShown = function() {
                var popoverSelection = _anchorSelection.select('.popover-' + _id);
                return !popoverSelection.empty() && popoverSelection.classed('in');
            };

            popover.show = function() {
                _anchorSelection.each(show);
            };

            popover.updateContent = function() {
                _anchorSelection.each(updateContent);
            };

            popover.hide = function() {
                _anchorSelection.each(hide);
            };

            popover.toggle = function() {
                _anchorSelection.each(toggle);
            };

            popover.destroy = function(selection, selector) {
                // by default, just destroy the current popover
                selector = selector || '.popover-' + _id;

                selection
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'enter.popover', null)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'leave.popover', null)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.popover', null)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.popover', null)
                    .on('click.popover', null)
                    .attr('title', function() {
                        return this.getAttribute('data-original-title') || this.getAttribute('title');
                    })
                    .attr('data-original-title', null)
                    .selectAll(selector)
                    .remove();
            };


            popover.destroyAny = function(selection) {
                selection.call(popover.destroy, '.popover');
            };

            function setup() {
                var anchor = select(this);
                var animate = _animation.apply(this, arguments);
                var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id)
                    .data([0]);


                var enter = popoverSelection.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'popover popover-' + _id + ' ' + (klass ? klass : ''))
                    .classed('arrowed', _hasArrow.apply(this, arguments));

                enter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'popover-arrow');

                enter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'popover-inner');

                popoverSelection = enter
                    .merge(popoverSelection);

                if (animate) {
                    popoverSelection.classed('fade', true);
                }

                var display = _displayType.apply(this, arguments);

                if (display === 'hover') {
                    var _lastNonMouseEnterTime;
                    anchor.on(_pointerPrefix + 'enter.popover', function() {

                        if (event.pointerType) {
                            if (event.pointerType !== 'mouse') {
                                _lastNonMouseEnterTime = event.timeStamp;
                                // only allow hover behavior for mouse input
                                return;
                            } else if (_lastNonMouseEnterTime &&
                                event.timeStamp - _lastNonMouseEnterTime < 1500) {
                                // HACK: iOS 13.4 sends an erroneous `mouse` type pointerenter
                                // event for non-mouse interactions right after sending
                                // the correct type pointerenter event. Workaround by discarding
                                // any mouse event that occurs immediately after a non-mouse event.
                                return;
                            }
                        }

                        // don't show if buttons are pressed, e.g. during click and drag of map
                        if (event.buttons !== 0) { return; }

                        show.apply(this, arguments);
                    });
                    anchor.on(_pointerPrefix + 'leave.popover', function() {
                        hide.apply(this, arguments);
                    });

                } else if (display === 'clickFocus') {
                    anchor
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.popover', function() {
                            event.preventDefault();
                            event.stopPropagation();
                        })
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.popover', function() {
                            event.preventDefault();
                            event.stopPropagation();
                        })
                        .on('click.popover', toggle);

                    popoverSelection
                        .attr('tabindex', 0)
                        .on('blur.popover', function() {
                            anchor.each(function() {
                                hide.apply(this, arguments);
                            });
                        });
                }
            }


            function show() {
                var anchor = select(this);
                var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);

                if (popoverSelection.empty()) {
                    // popover was removed somehow, put it back
                    anchor.call(popover.destroy);
                    anchor.each(setup);
                    popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);
                }

                popoverSelection.classed('in', true);

                var displayType = _displayType.apply(this, arguments);
                if (displayType === 'clickFocus') {
                    anchor.classed('active', true);
                    popoverSelection.node().focus();
                }

                anchor.each(updateContent);
            }

            function updateContent() {
                var anchor = select(this);

                if (_content) {
                    anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id + ' > .popover-inner')
                        .call(_content.apply(this, arguments));
                }

                updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
                // hack: update multiple times to fix instances where the absolute offset is
                // set before the dynamic popover size is calculated by the browser
                updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
                updatePosition.apply(this, arguments);
            }


            function updatePosition() {

                var anchor = select(this);
                var popoverSelection = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id);

                var scrollContainer = _scrollContainer && _scrollContainer.apply(this, arguments);
                var scrollNode = scrollContainer && !scrollContainer.empty() && scrollContainer.node();
                var scrollLeft = scrollNode ? scrollNode.scrollLeft : 0;
                var scrollTop = scrollNode ? scrollNode.scrollTop : 0;

                var placement = _placement.apply(this, arguments);
                popoverSelection
                    .classed('left', false)
                    .classed('right', false)
                    .classed('top', false)
                    .classed('bottom', false)
                    .classed(placement, true);

                var alignment = _alignment.apply(this, arguments);
                var alignFactor = 0.5;
                if (alignment === 'leading') {
                    alignFactor = 0;
                } else if (alignment === 'trailing') {
                    alignFactor = 1;
                }
                var anchorFrame = getFrame(anchor.node());
                var popoverFrame = getFrame(popoverSelection.node());
                var position;

                switch (placement) {
                    case 'top':
                    position = {
                        x: anchorFrame.x + (anchorFrame.w - popoverFrame.w) * alignFactor,
                        y: anchorFrame.y - popoverFrame.h
                    };
                    break;
                    case 'bottom':
                    position = {
                        x: anchorFrame.x + (anchorFrame.w - popoverFrame.w) * alignFactor,
                        y: anchorFrame.y + anchorFrame.h
                    };
                    break;
                    case 'left':
                    position = {
                        x: anchorFrame.x - popoverFrame.w,
                        y: anchorFrame.y + (anchorFrame.h - popoverFrame.h) * alignFactor
                    };
                    break;
                    case 'right':
                    position = {
                        x: anchorFrame.x + anchorFrame.w,
                        y: anchorFrame.y + (anchorFrame.h - popoverFrame.h) * alignFactor
                    };
                    break;
                }

                if (position) {

                    if (scrollNode && (placement === 'top' || placement === 'bottom')) {

                        var initialPosX = position.x;

                        if (position.x + popoverFrame.w > scrollNode.offsetWidth - 10) {
                            position.x = scrollNode.offsetWidth - 10 - popoverFrame.w;
                        } else if (position.x < 10) {
                            position.x = 10;
                        }

                        var arrow = anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id + ' > .popover-arrow');
                        // keep the arrow centered on the button, or as close as possible
                        var arrowPosX = Math.min(Math.max(popoverFrame.w / 2 - (position.x - initialPosX), 10), popoverFrame.w - 10);
                        arrow.style('left', ~~arrowPosX + 'px');
                    }

                    popoverSelection.style('left', ~~position.x + 'px').style('top', ~~position.y + 'px');
                } else {
                    popoverSelection.style('left', null).style('top', null);
                }

                function getFrame(node) {
                    var positionStyle = select(node).style('position');
                    if (positionStyle === 'absolute' || positionStyle === 'static') {
                        return {
                            x: node.offsetLeft - scrollLeft,
                            y: node.offsetTop - scrollTop,
                            w: node.offsetWidth,
                            h: node.offsetHeight
                        };
                    } else {
                        return {
                            x: 0,
                            y: 0,
                            w: node.offsetWidth,
                            h: node.offsetHeight
                        };
                    }
                }
            }


            function hide() {
                var anchor = select(this);
                if (_displayType.apply(this, arguments) === 'clickFocus') {
                    anchor.classed('active', false);
                }
                anchor.selectAll('.popover-' + _id).classed('in', false);
            }


            function toggle() {
                if (select(this).select('.popover-' + _id).classed('in')) {
                    hide.apply(this, arguments);
                } else {
                    show.apply(this, arguments);
                }
            }


            return popover;
        }

        function uiTooltip(klass) {

            var tooltip = uiPopover((klass || '') + ' tooltip')
                .displayType('hover');

            var _title = function() {
                var title = this.getAttribute('data-original-title');
                if (title) {
                    return title;
                } else {
                    title = this.getAttribute('title');
                    this.removeAttribute('title');
                    this.setAttribute('data-original-title', title);
                }
                return title;
            };

            var _heading = utilFunctor(null);
            var _keys = utilFunctor(null);

            tooltip.title = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _title; }
                _title = utilFunctor(val);
                return tooltip;
            };

            tooltip.heading = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _heading; }
                _heading = utilFunctor(val);
                return tooltip;
            };

            tooltip.keys = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _keys; }
                _keys = utilFunctor(val);
                return tooltip;
            };

            tooltip.content(function() {
                var heading = _heading.apply(this, arguments);
                var text = _title.apply(this, arguments);
                var keys = _keys.apply(this, arguments);

                return function(selection) {

                    var headingSelect = selection
                        .selectAll('.tooltip-heading')
                        .data(heading ? [heading] :[]);

                    headingSelect.exit()
                        .remove();

                    headingSelect.enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'tooltip-heading')
                        .merge(headingSelect)
                        .html(heading);

                    var textSelect = selection
                        .selectAll('.tooltip-text')
                        .data(text ? [text] :[]);

                    textSelect.exit()
                        .remove();

                    textSelect.enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'tooltip-text')
                        .merge(textSelect)
                        .html(text);

                    var keyhintWrap = selection
                        .selectAll('.keyhint-wrap')
                        .data(keys && keys.length ? [0] : []);

                    keyhintWrap.exit()
                        .remove();

                    var keyhintWrapEnter = keyhintWrap.enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'keyhint-wrap');

                    keyhintWrapEnter
                        .append('span')
                        .html(_t('tooltip_keyhint'));

                    keyhintWrap = keyhintWrapEnter.merge(keyhintWrap);

                    keyhintWrap.selectAll('kbd.shortcut')
                        .data(keys && keys.length ? keys : [])
                        .enter()
                        .append('kbd')
                        .attr('class', 'shortcut')
                        .html(function(d) {
                            return d;
                        });
                };
            });

            return tooltip;
        }

        function uiEditMenu(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('toggled');

            var _menu = select(null);
            var _operations = [];
            // the position the menu should be displayed relative to
            var _anchorLoc = [0, 0];
            var _anchorLocLonLat = [0, 0];
            // a string indicating how the menu was opened
            var _triggerType = '';

            var _vpTopMargin = 85; // viewport top margin
            var _vpBottomMargin = 45; // viewport bottom margin
            var _vpSideMargin = 35;   // viewport side margin

            var _menuTop = false;
            var _menuHeight;
            var _menuWidth;

            // hardcode these values to make menu positioning easier
            var _verticalPadding = 4;

            // see also `.edit-menu .tooltip` CSS; include margin
            var _tooltipWidth = 210;

            // offset the menu slightly from the target location
            var _menuSideMargin = 10;

            var _tooltips = [];

            var editMenu = function(selection) {

                var isTouchMenu = _triggerType.includes('touch') || _triggerType.includes('pen');

                var ops = _operations.filter(function(op) {
                    return !isTouchMenu || !op.mouseOnly;
                });

                if (!ops.length) { return; }

                _tooltips = [];

                // Position the menu above the anchor for stylus and finger input
                // since the mapper's hand likely obscures the screen below the anchor
                _menuTop = isTouchMenu;

                // Show labels for touch input since there aren't hover tooltips
                var showLabels = isTouchMenu;

                var buttonHeight = showLabels ? 32 : 34;
                if (showLabels) {
                    // Get a general idea of the width based on the length of the label
                    _menuWidth = 52 + Math.min(120, 6 * Math.max.apply(Math, ops.map(function(op) {
                        return op.title.length;
                    })));
                } else {
                    _menuWidth = 44;
                }

                _menuHeight = _verticalPadding * 2 + ops.length * buttonHeight;

                _menu = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'edit-menu')
                    .classed('touch-menu', isTouchMenu)
                    .style('padding', _verticalPadding + 'px 0');

                var buttons = _menu.selectAll('.edit-menu-item')
                    .data(ops);

                // enter
                var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter()
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', function (d) { return 'edit-menu-item edit-menu-item-' + d.id; })
                    .style('height', buttonHeight + 'px')
                    .on('click', click)
                    // don't listen for `mouseup` because we only care about non-mouse pointer types
                    .on('pointerup', pointerup)
                    .on('pointerdown mousedown', function pointerdown() {
                        // don't let button presses also act as map input - #1869
                        event.stopPropagation();
                    });

                buttonsEnter.each(function(d) {
                    var tooltip = uiTooltip()
                        .heading(d.title)
                        .title(d.tooltip())
                        .keys([d.keys[0]]);

                    _tooltips.push(tooltip);

                    select(this)
                        .call(tooltip)
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'icon-wrap')
                        .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-' + d.id, 'operation'));
                });

                if (showLabels) {
                    buttonsEnter.append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'label')
                        .text(function(d) {
                            return d.title;
                        });
                }

                // update
                buttons = buttonsEnter
                    .merge(buttons)
                    .classed('disabled', function(d) { return d.disabled(); });

                updatePosition();

                var initialScale = context.projection.scale();
                context.map()
                    .on('move.edit-menu', function() {
                        if (initialScale !== context.projection.scale()) {
                            editMenu.close();
                        }
                    })
                    .on('drawn.edit-menu', function(info) {
                        if (info.full) { updatePosition(); }
                    });

                var lastPointerUpType;
                // `pointerup` is always called before `click`
                function pointerup() {
                    lastPointerUpType = event.pointerType;
                }

                function click(operation) {
                    event.stopPropagation();
                    if (operation.disabled()) {
                        if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' ||
                            lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
                            // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
                            context.ui().flash
                                .duration(4000)
                                .iconName('#iD-operation-' + operation.id)
                                .iconClass('operation disabled')
                                .text(operation.tooltip)();
                        }
                    } else {
                        if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' ||
                            lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
                            context.ui().flash
                                .duration(2000)
                                .iconName('#iD-operation-' + operation.id)
                                .iconClass('operation')
                                .text(operation.annotation() || operation.title)();
                        }

                        operation();
                        editMenu.close();
                    }
                    lastPointerUpType = null;
                }

                dispatch$1.call('toggled', this, true);
            };

            function updatePosition() {

                if (!_menu || _menu.empty()) { return; }

                var anchorLoc = context.projection(_anchorLocLonLat);

                var viewport = context.surfaceRect();

                if (anchorLoc[0] < 0 ||
                    anchorLoc[0] > viewport.width ||
                    anchorLoc[1] < 0 ||
                    anchorLoc[1] > viewport.height) {
                    // close the menu if it's gone offscreen

                    editMenu.close();
                    return;
                }

                var menuLeft = displayOnLeft(viewport);

                var offset = [0, 0];

                offset[0] = menuLeft ? -1 * (_menuSideMargin + _menuWidth) : _menuSideMargin;

                if (_menuTop) {
                    if (anchorLoc[1] - _menuHeight < _vpTopMargin) {
                        // menu is near top viewport edge, shift downward
                        offset[1] = -anchorLoc[1] + _vpTopMargin;
                    } else {
                        offset[1] = -_menuHeight;
                    }
                } else {
                    if (anchorLoc[1] + _menuHeight > (viewport.height - _vpBottomMargin)) {
                        // menu is near bottom viewport edge, shift upwards
                        offset[1] = -anchorLoc[1] - _menuHeight + viewport.height - _vpBottomMargin;
                    } else {
                        offset[1] = 0;
                    }
                }

                var origin = geoVecAdd(anchorLoc, offset);

                _menu
                    .style('left', origin[0] + 'px')
                    .style('top', origin[1] + 'px');

                var tooltipSide = tooltipPosition(viewport, menuLeft);
                _tooltips.forEach(function(tooltip) {
                    tooltip.placement(tooltipSide);
                });

                function displayOnLeft(viewport) {
                    if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr') {
                        if ((anchorLoc[0] + _menuSideMargin + _menuWidth) > (viewport.width - _vpSideMargin)) {
                            // right menu would be too close to the right viewport edge, go left
                            return true;
                        }
                        // prefer right menu
                        return false;

                    } else { // rtl
                        if ((anchorLoc[0] - _menuSideMargin - _menuWidth) < _vpSideMargin) {
                            // left menu would be too close to the left viewport edge, go right
                            return false;
                        }
                        // prefer left menu
                        return true;
                    }
                }

                function tooltipPosition(viewport, menuLeft) {
                    if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr') {
                        if (menuLeft) {
                            // if there's not room for a right-side menu then there definitely
                            // isn't room for right-side tooltips
                            return 'left';
                        }
                        if ((anchorLoc[0] + _menuSideMargin + _menuWidth + _tooltipWidth) > (viewport.width - _vpSideMargin)) {
                            // right tooltips would be too close to the right viewport edge, go left
                            return 'left';
                        }
                        // prefer right tooltips
                        return 'right';

                    } else { // rtl
                        if (!menuLeft) {
                            return 'right';
                        }
                        if ((anchorLoc[0] - _menuSideMargin - _menuWidth - _tooltipWidth) < _vpSideMargin) {
                            // left tooltips would be too close to the left viewport edge, go right
                            return 'right';
                        }
                        // prefer left tooltips
                        return 'left';
                    }
                }
            }

            editMenu.close = function () {

                context.map()
                    .on('move.edit-menu', null)
                    .on('drawn.edit-menu', null);

                _menu.remove();
                _tooltips = [];

                dispatch$1.call('toggled', this, false);
            };

            editMenu.anchorLoc = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _anchorLoc; }
                _anchorLoc = val;
                _anchorLocLonLat = context.projection.invert(_anchorLoc);
                return editMenu;
            };

            editMenu.triggerType = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _triggerType; }
                _triggerType = val;
                return editMenu;
            };

            editMenu.operations = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _operations; }
                _operations = val;
                return editMenu;
            };

            return utilRebind(editMenu, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFeatureInfo(context) {
            function update(selection) {
                var features = context.features();
                var stats = features.stats();
                var count = 0;
                var hiddenList = features.hidden().map(function(k) {
                    if (stats[k]) {
                        count += stats[k];
                        return String(stats[k]) + ' ' + _t('feature.' + k + '.description');
                    }
                }).filter(Boolean);

                selection.html('');

                if (hiddenList.length) {
                    var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
                        .placement('top')
                        .title(function() {
                            return hiddenList.join('<br/>');
                        });

                    selection.append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'chip')
                        .attr('href', '#')
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .html(_t('feature_info.hidden_warning', { count: count }))
                        .call(tooltipBehavior)
                        .on('click', function() {
                            tooltipBehavior.hide();
                            event.preventDefault();
                            // open the Map Data pane
                            context.ui().togglePanes(context.container().select('.map-panes .map-data-pane'));
                        });
                }

                selection
                    .classed('hide', !hiddenList.length);
            }


            return function(selection) {
                update(selection);

                context.features().on('change.feature_info', function() {
                    update(selection);
                });
            };
        }

        function uiFlash(context) {
            var _flashTimer;

            var _duration = 2000;
            var _iconName = '#iD-icon-no';
            var _iconClass = 'disabled';
            var _text = '';
            var _textClass;

            function flash() {
                if (_flashTimer) {
                    _flashTimer.stop();
                }

                context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap')
                    .classed('footer-hide', true)
                    .classed('footer-show', false);
                context.container().select('.flash-wrap')
                    .classed('footer-hide', false)
                    .classed('footer-show', true);

                var content = context.container().select('.flash-wrap').selectAll('.flash-content')
                    .data([0]);

                // Enter
                var contentEnter = content.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'flash-content');

                var iconEnter = contentEnter
                    .append('svg')
                    .attr('class', 'flash-icon icon')
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(10,10)');

                iconEnter
                    .append('circle')
                    .attr('r', 9);

                iconEnter
                    .append('use')
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(-7,-7)')
                    .attr('width', '14')
                    .attr('height', '14');

                contentEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'flash-text');


                // Update
                content = content
                    .merge(contentEnter);

                content
                    .selectAll('.flash-icon')
                    .attr('class', 'icon flash-icon ' + (_iconClass || ''));

                content
                    .selectAll('.flash-icon use')
                    .attr('xlink:href', _iconName);

                content
                    .selectAll('.flash-text')
                    .attr('class', 'flash-text ' + (_textClass || ''))
                    .text(_text);


                _flashTimer = d3_timeout(function() {
                    _flashTimer = null;
                    context.container().select('.main-footer-wrap')
                        .classed('footer-hide', false)
                        .classed('footer-show', true);
                    context.container().select('.flash-wrap')
                        .classed('footer-hide', true)
                        .classed('footer-show', false);
                }, _duration);

                return content;
            }


            flash.duration = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _duration; }
                _duration = _;
                return flash;
            };

            flash.text = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _text; }
                _text = _;
                return flash;
            };

            flash.textClass = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _textClass; }
                _textClass = _;
                return flash;
            };

            flash.iconName = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _iconName; }
                _iconName = _;
                return flash;
            };

            flash.iconClass = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _iconClass; }
                _iconClass = _;
                return flash;
            };

            return flash;
        }

        function uiFullScreen(context) {
            var element = context.container().node();
            // var button = d3_select(null);


            function getFullScreenFn() {
                if (element.requestFullscreen) {
                    return element.requestFullscreen;
                } else if (element.msRequestFullscreen) {
                    return element.msRequestFullscreen;
                } else if (element.mozRequestFullScreen) {
                    return element.mozRequestFullScreen;
                } else if (element.webkitRequestFullscreen) {
                    return element.webkitRequestFullscreen;
                }
            }


            function getExitFullScreenFn() {
                if (document.exitFullscreen) {
                    return document.exitFullscreen;
                } else if (document.msExitFullscreen) {
                    return document.msExitFullscreen;
                } else if (document.mozCancelFullScreen) {
                    return document.mozCancelFullScreen;
                } else if (document.webkitExitFullscreen) {
                    return document.webkitExitFullscreen;
                }
            }


            function isFullScreen() {
                return document.fullscreenElement ||
                    document.mozFullScreenElement ||
                    document.webkitFullscreenElement ||
                    document.msFullscreenElement;
            }


            function isSupported() {
                return !!getFullScreenFn();
            }


            function fullScreen() {
                event.preventDefault();
                if (!isFullScreen()) {
                    // button.classed('active', true);
                    getFullScreenFn().apply(element);
                } else {
                    // button.classed('active', false);
                    getExitFullScreenFn().apply(document);
                }
            }


            return function() { // selection) {
                if (!isSupported()) { return; }

                // button = selection.append('button')
                //     .attr('title', t('full_screen'))
                //     .attr('tabindex', -1)
                //     .on('click', fullScreen)
                //     .call(tooltip);

                // button.append('span')
                //     .attr('class', 'icon full-screen');

                var detected = utilDetect();
                var keys = (detected.os === 'mac' ? [uiCmd('⌃⌘F'), 'f11'] : ['f11']);
                context.keybinding().on(keys, fullScreen);
            };
        }

        function uiGeolocate(context) {
            var _geolocationOptions = {
                // prioritize speed and power usage over precision
                enableHighAccuracy: false,
                // don't hang indefinitely getting the location
                timeout: 6000 // 6sec
            };
            var _locating = uiLoading(context).message(_t('geolocate.locating')).blocking(true);
            var _layer = context.layers().layer('geolocate');
            var _position;
            var _extent;
            var _timeoutID;
            var _button = select(null);

            function click() {
                if (context.inIntro()) { return; }
                if (!_layer.enabled() && !_locating.isShown()) {

                    // This timeout ensures that we still call finish() even if
                    // the user declines to share their location in Firefox
                    _timeoutID = setTimeout(error, 10000 /* 10sec */ );

                    context.container().call(_locating);
                    // get the latest position even if we already have one
                    navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(success, error, _geolocationOptions);
                } else {
                    _locating.close();
                    _layer.enabled(null, false);
                    updateButtonState();
                }
            }

            function zoomTo() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

                var map = context.map();
                _layer.enabled(_position, true);
                updateButtonState();
                map.centerZoomEase(_extent.center(), Math.min(20, map.extentZoom(_extent)));
            }

            function success(geolocation) {
                _position = geolocation;
                var coords = _position.coords;
                _extent = geoExtent([coords.longitude, coords.latitude]).padByMeters(coords.accuracy);
                zoomTo();
                finish();
            }

            function error() {
                if (_position) {
                    // use the position from a previous call if we have one
                    zoomTo();
                } else {
                    context.ui().flash
                        .text(_t('geolocate.location_unavailable'))
                        .iconName('#iD-icon-geolocate')();
                }

                finish();
            }

            function finish() {
                _locating.close();  // unblock ui
                if (_timeoutID) { clearTimeout(_timeoutID); }
                _timeoutID = undefined;
            }

            function updateButtonState() {
                _button.classed('active', _layer.enabled());
            }

            return function(selection) {
                if (!navigator.geolocation || !navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition) { return; }

                _button = selection
                    .append('button')
                    .on('click', click)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-geolocate', 'light'))
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
                        .title(_t('geolocate.title'))
                        .keys([_t('geolocate.key')])
                    );

                context.keybinding().on(_t('geolocate.key'), click);
            };
        }

        function uiPanelBackground(context) {
            var background = context.background();
            var currSourceName = null;
            var metadata = {};
            var metadataKeys = [
                'zoom', 'vintage', 'source', 'description', 'resolution', 'accuracy'
            ];

            var debouncedRedraw = debounce(redraw, 250);

            function redraw(selection) {
                var source = background.baseLayerSource();
                if (!source) { return; }

                var isDG = (source.id.match(/^DigitalGlobe/i) !== null);

                if (currSourceName !== source.name()) {
                    currSourceName = source.name();
                    metadata = {};
                }

                selection.html('');

                var list = selection
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'background-info');

                list
                    .append('li')
                    .text(currSourceName);

                metadataKeys.forEach(function(k) {
                    // DigitalGlobe vintage is available in raster layers for now.
                    if (isDG && k === 'vintage') { return; }

                    list
                        .append('li')
                        .attr('class', 'background-info-list-' + k)
                        .classed('hide', !metadata[k])
                        .text(_t('info_panels.background.' + k) + ':')
                        .append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'background-info-span-' + k)
                        .text(metadata[k]);
                });

                debouncedGetMetadata(selection);

                var toggleTiles = context.getDebug('tile') ? 'hide_tiles' : 'show_tiles';

                selection
                    .append('a')
                    .text(_t('info_panels.background.' + toggleTiles))
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .attr('class', 'button button-toggle-tiles')
                    .on('click', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        context.setDebug('tile', !context.getDebug('tile'));
                        selection.call(redraw);
                    });

                if (isDG) {
                    var key = source.id + '-vintage';
                    var sourceVintage = context.background().findSource(key);
                    var showsVintage = context.background().showsLayer(sourceVintage);
                    var toggleVintage = showsVintage ? 'hide_vintage' : 'show_vintage';
                    selection
                        .append('a')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.background.' + toggleVintage))
                        .attr('href', '#')
                        .attr('class', 'button button-toggle-vintage')
                        .on('click', function() {
                            event.preventDefault();
                            context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(sourceVintage);
                            selection.call(redraw);
                        });
                }

                // disable if necessary
                ['DigitalGlobe-Premium', 'DigitalGlobe-Standard'].forEach(function(layerId) {
                    if (source.id !== layerId) {
                        var key = layerId + '-vintage';
                        var sourceVintage = context.background().findSource(key);
                        if (context.background().showsLayer(sourceVintage)) {
                            context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(sourceVintage);
                        }
                    }
                });
            }


            var debouncedGetMetadata = debounce(getMetadata, 250);

            function getMetadata(selection) {
                var tile = context.container().select('.layer-background img.tile-center');   // tile near viewport center
                if (tile.empty()) { return; }

                var sourceName = currSourceName;
                var d = tile.datum();
                var zoom = (d && d.length >= 3 && d[2]) || Math.floor(context.map().zoom());
                var center = context.map().center();

                // update zoom
                metadata.zoom = String(zoom);
                selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-zoom')
                    .classed('hide', false)
                    .selectAll('.background-info-span-zoom')
                    .text(metadata.zoom);

                if (!d || !d.length >= 3) { return; }

                background.baseLayerSource().getMetadata(center, d, function(err, result) {
                    if (err || currSourceName !== sourceName) { return; }

                    // update vintage
                    var vintage = result.vintage;
                    metadata.vintage = (vintage && vintage.range) || _t('info_panels.background.unknown');
                    selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-vintage')
                        .classed('hide', false)
                        .selectAll('.background-info-span-vintage')
                        .text(metadata.vintage);

                    // update other metadata
                    metadataKeys.forEach(function(k) {
                        if (k === 'zoom' || k === 'vintage') { return; }  // done already
                        var val = result[k];
                        metadata[k] = val;
                        selection.selectAll('.background-info-list-' + k)
                            .classed('hide', !val)
                            .selectAll('.background-info-span-' + k)
                            .text(val);
                    });
                });
            }


            var panel = function(selection) {
                selection.call(redraw);

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.info-background', function() {
                        selection.call(debouncedRedraw);
                    })
                    .on('move.info-background', function() {
                        selection.call(debouncedGetMetadata);
                    });

            };

            panel.off = function() {
                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.info-background', null)
                    .on('move.info-background', null);
            };

            panel.id = 'background';
            panel.title = _t('info_panels.background.title');
            panel.key = _t('info_panels.background.key');


            return panel;
        }

        function uiPanelHistory(context) {
            var osm;

            function displayTimestamp(timestamp) {
                if (!timestamp) { return _t('info_panels.history.unknown'); }
                var options = {
                    day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric',
                    hour: 'numeric', minute: 'numeric', second: 'numeric'
                };
                var d = new Date(timestamp);
                if (isNaN(d.getTime())) { return _t('info_panels.history.unknown'); }
                return d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
            }


            function displayUser(selection, userName) {
                if (!userName) {
                    selection
                        .append('span')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.history.unknown'));
                    return;
                }

                selection
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'user-name')
                    .text(userName);

                var links = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'links');

                if (osm) {
                    links
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'user-osm-link')
                        .attr('href', osm.userURL(userName))
                        .attr('target', '_blank')
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .text('OSM');
                }

                links
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'user-hdyc-link')
                    .attr('href', 'https://hdyc.neis-one.org/?' + userName)
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .text('HDYC');
            }


            function displayChangeset(selection, changeset) {
                if (!changeset) {
                    selection
                        .append('span')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.history.unknown'));
                    return;
                }

                selection
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'changeset-id')
                    .text(changeset);

                var links = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'links');

                if (osm) {
                    links
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'changeset-osm-link')
                        .attr('href', osm.changesetURL(changeset))
                        .attr('target', '_blank')
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .text('OSM');
                }

                links
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'changeset-osmcha-link')
                    .attr('href', 'https://osmcha.org/changesets/' + changeset)
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .text('OSMCha');

                links
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'changeset-achavi-link')
                    .attr('href', 'https://overpass-api.de/achavi/?changeset=' + changeset)
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .text('Achavi');
            }


            function redraw(selection) {
                var selectedNoteID = context.selectedNoteID();
                osm = context.connection();

                var selected, note, entity;
                if (selectedNoteID && osm) {       // selected 1 note
                    selected = [ _t('note.note') + ' ' + selectedNoteID ];
                    note = osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
                } else {                           // selected 1..n entities
                    selected = context.selectedIDs()
                        .filter(function(e) { return context.hasEntity(e); });
                    if (selected.length) {
                        entity = context.entity(selected[0]);
                    }
                }

                var singular = selected.length === 1 ? selected[0] : null;

                selection.html('');

                selection
                    .append('h4')
                    .attr('class', 'history-heading')
                    .text(singular || _t('info_panels.history.selected', { n: selected.length }));

                if (!singular) { return; }

                if (entity) {
                    selection.call(redrawEntity, entity);
                } else if (note) {
                    selection.call(redrawNote, note);
                }
            }


            function redrawNote(selection, note) {
                if (!note || note.isNew()) {
                    selection
                        .append('div')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.history.note_no_history'));
                    return;
                }

                var list = selection
                    .append('ul');

                list
                    .append('li')
                    .text(_t('info_panels.history.note_comments') + ':')
                    .append('span')
                    .text(note.comments.length);

                if (note.comments.length) {
                    list
                        .append('li')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.history.note_created_date') + ':')
                        .append('span')
                        .text(displayTimestamp(note.comments[0].date));

                    list
                        .append('li')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.history.note_created_user') + ':')
                        .call(displayUser, note.comments[0].user);
                }

                if (osm) {
                    selection
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'view-history-on-osm')
                        .attr('target', '_blank')
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .attr('href', osm.noteURL(note))
                        .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
                        .append('span')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.history.note_link_text'));
                }
            }


            function redrawEntity(selection, entity) {
                if (!entity || entity.isNew()) {
                    selection
                        .append('div')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.history.no_history'));
                    return;
                }

                var links = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'links');

                if (osm) {
                    links
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'view-history-on-osm')
                        .attr('href', osm.historyURL(entity))
                        .attr('target', '_blank')
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .attr('title', _t('info_panels.history.link_text'))
                        .text('OSM');
                }
                links
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'pewu-history-viewer-link')
                    .attr('href', 'https://pewu.github.io/osm-history/#/' + entity.type + '/' + entity.osmId())
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .text('PeWu');

                var list = selection
                    .append('ul');

                list
                    .append('li')
                    .text(_t('info_panels.history.version') + ':')
                    .append('span')
                    .text(entity.version);

                list
                    .append('li')
                    .text(_t('info_panels.history.last_edit') + ':')
                    .append('span')
                    .text(displayTimestamp(entity.timestamp));

                list
                    .append('li')
                    .text(_t('info_panels.history.edited_by') + ':')
                    .call(displayUser, entity.user);

                list
                    .append('li')
                    .text(_t('info_panels.history.changeset') + ':')
                    .call(displayChangeset, entity.changeset);
            }


            var panel = function(selection) {
                selection.call(redraw);

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.info-history', function() {
                        selection.call(redraw);
                    });

                context
                    .on('enter.info-history', function() {
                        selection.call(redraw);
                    });
            };

            panel.off = function() {
                context.map().on('drawn.info-history', null);
                context.on('enter.info-history', null);
            };

            panel.id = 'history';
            panel.title = _t('info_panels.history.title');
            panel.key = _t('info_panels.history.key');


            return panel;
        }

        var OSM_PRECISION = 7;

        /**
         * Returns a localized representation of the given length measurement.
         *
         * @param {Number} m area in meters
         * @param {Boolean} isImperial true for U.S. customary units; false for metric
         */
        function displayLength(m, isImperial) {
            var d = m * (isImperial ? 3.28084 : 1);
            var unit;

            if (isImperial) {
                if (d >= 5280) {
                    d /= 5280;
                    unit = 'miles';
                } else {
                    unit = 'feet';
                }
            } else {
                if (d >= 1000) {
                    d /= 1000;
                    unit = 'kilometers';
                } else {
                    unit = 'meters';
                }
            }

            return _t('units.' + unit, {
                quantity: d.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), {
                    maximumSignificantDigits: 4
                })
            });
        }

        /**
         * Returns a localized representation of the given area measurement.
         *
         * @param {Number} m2 area in square meters
         * @param {Boolean} isImperial true for U.S. customary units; false for metric
         */
        function displayArea(m2, isImperial) {
            var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
            var d = m2 * (isImperial ? 10.7639111056 : 1);
            var d1, d2, area;
            var unit1 = '';
            var unit2 = '';

            if (isImperial) {
                if (d >= 6969600) { // > 0.25mi² show mi²
                    d1 = d / 27878400;
                    unit1 = 'square_miles';
                } else {
                    d1 = d;
                    unit1 = 'square_feet';
                }

                if (d > 4356 && d < 43560000) { // 0.1 - 1000 acres
                    d2 = d / 43560;
                    unit2 = 'acres';
                }

            } else {
                if (d >= 250000) { // > 0.25km² show km²
                    d1 = d / 1000000;
                    unit1 = 'square_kilometers';
                } else {
                    d1 = d;
                    unit1 = 'square_meters';
                }

                if (d > 1000 && d < 10000000) { // 0.1 - 1000 hectares
                    d2 = d / 10000;
                    unit2 = 'hectares';
                }
            }

            area = _t('units.' + unit1, {
                quantity: d1.toLocaleString(locale, {
                    maximumSignificantDigits: 4
                })
            });

            if (d2) {
                return _t('units.area_pair', {
                    area1: area,
                    area2: _t('units.' + unit2, {
                        quantity: d2.toLocaleString(locale, {
                            maximumSignificantDigits: 2
                        })
                    })
                });
            } else {
                return area;
            }
        }

        function wrap(x, min, max) {
            var d = max - min;
            return ((x - min) % d + d) % d + min;
        }

        function clamp$1(x, min, max) {
            return Math.max(min, Math.min(x, max));
        }

        function displayCoordinate(deg, pos, neg) {
            var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
            var min = (Math.abs(deg) - Math.floor(Math.abs(deg))) * 60;
            var sec = (min - Math.floor(min)) * 60;
            var displayDegrees = _t('units.arcdegrees', {
                quantity: Math.floor(Math.abs(deg)).toLocaleString(locale)
            });
            var displayCoordinate;

            if (Math.floor(sec) > 0) {
                displayCoordinate = displayDegrees +
                    _t('units.arcminutes', {
                        quantity: Math.floor(min).toLocaleString(locale)
                    }) +
                    _t('units.arcseconds', {
                        quantity: Math.round(sec).toLocaleString(locale)
                    });
            } else if (Math.floor(min) > 0) {
                displayCoordinate = displayDegrees +
                    _t('units.arcminutes', {
                        quantity: Math.round(min).toLocaleString(locale)
                    });
            } else {
                displayCoordinate = _t('units.arcdegrees', {
                    quantity: Math.round(Math.abs(deg)).toLocaleString(locale)
                });
            }

            if (deg === 0) {
                return displayCoordinate;
            } else {
                return _t('units.coordinate', {
                    coordinate: displayCoordinate,
                    direction: _t('units.' + (deg > 0 ? pos : neg))
                });
            }
        }

        /**
         * Returns given coordinate pair in degree-minute-second format.
         *
         * @param {Array<Number>} coord longitude and latitude
         */
        function dmsCoordinatePair(coord) {
            return _t('units.coordinate_pair', {
                latitude: displayCoordinate(clamp$1(coord[1], -90, 90), 'north', 'south'),
                longitude: displayCoordinate(wrap(coord[0], -180, 180), 'east', 'west')
            });
        }

        /**
         * Returns the given coordinate pair in decimal format.
         * note: unlocalized to avoid comma ambiguity - see #4765
         *
         * @param {Array<Number>} coord longitude and latitude
         */
        function decimalCoordinatePair(coord) {
            return _t('units.coordinate_pair', {
                latitude: clamp$1(coord[1], -90, 90).toFixed(OSM_PRECISION),
                longitude: wrap(coord[0], -180, 180).toFixed(OSM_PRECISION)
            });
        }

        function uiPanelLocation(context) {
            var currLocation = '';


            function redraw(selection) {
                selection.html('');

                var list = selection
                    .append('ul');

                // Mouse coordinates
                var coord = context.map().mouseCoordinates();
                if (coord.some(isNaN)) {
                    coord = context.map().center();
                }

                list
                    .append('li')
                    .text(dmsCoordinatePair(coord))
                    .append('li')
                    .text(decimalCoordinatePair(coord));

                // Location Info
                selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'location-info')
                    .text(currLocation || ' ');

                debouncedGetLocation(selection, coord);
            }


            var debouncedGetLocation = debounce(getLocation, 250);
            function getLocation(selection, coord) {
                if (!services.geocoder) {
                    currLocation = _t('info_panels.location.unknown_location');
                    selection.selectAll('.location-info')
                        .text(currLocation);
                } else {
                    services.geocoder.reverse(coord, function(err, result) {
                        currLocation = result ? result.display_name : _t('info_panels.location.unknown_location');
                        selection.selectAll('.location-info')
                            .text(currLocation);
                    });
                }
            }


            var panel = function(selection) {
                selection.call(redraw);

                context.surface()
                    .on(('PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse') + 'move.info-location', function() {
                        selection.call(redraw);
                    });
            };

            panel.off = function() {
                context.surface()
                    .on('.info-location', null);
            };

            panel.id = 'location';
            panel.title = _t('info_panels.location.title');
            panel.key = _t('info_panels.location.key');


            return panel;
        }

        function uiPanelMeasurement(context) {
            var locale = _mainLocalizer.localeCode();
            var isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric();


            function radiansToMeters(r) {
                // using WGS84 authalic radius (6371007.1809 m)
                return r * 6371007.1809;
            }

            function steradiansToSqmeters(r) {
                // http://gis.stackexchange.com/a/124857/40446
                return r / (4 * Math.PI) * 510065621724000;
            }


            function toLineString(feature) {
                if (feature.type === 'LineString') { return feature; }

                var result = { type: 'LineString', coordinates: [] };
                if (feature.type === 'Polygon') {
                    result.coordinates = feature.coordinates[0];
                } else if (feature.type === 'MultiPolygon') {
                    result.coordinates = feature.coordinates[0][0];
                }

                return result;
            }


            function redraw(selection) {
                var graph = context.graph();
                var selectedNoteID = context.selectedNoteID();
                var osm = services.osm;

                var heading;
                var center, location, centroid;
                var closed, geometry;
                var totalNodeCount, length = 0, area = 0;

                if (selectedNoteID && osm) {       // selected 1 note

                    var note = osm.getNote(selectedNoteID);
                    heading = _t('note.note') + ' ' + selectedNoteID;
                    location = note.loc;
                    geometry = 'note';

                } else {                           // selected 1..n entities
                    var selectedIDs = context.selectedIDs().filter(function(id) {
                        return context.hasEntity(id);
                    });
                    var selected = selectedIDs.map(function(id) {
                        return context.entity(id);
                    });

                    heading = selected.length === 1 ? selected[0].id :
                        _t('info_panels.measurement.selected', { n: selected.length.toLocaleString(locale) });

                    if (selected.length) {
                        var extent = geoExtent();
                        for (var i in selected) {
                            var entity = selected[i];
                            extent._extend(entity.extent(graph));

                            geometry = entity.geometry(graph);
                            if (geometry === 'line' || geometry === 'area') {
                                closed = (entity.type === 'relation') || (entity.isClosed() && !entity.isDegenerate());
                                var feature = entity.asGeoJSON(graph);
                                length += radiansToMeters(d3_geoLength(toLineString(feature)));
                                centroid = d3_geoCentroid(feature);
                                if (closed) {
                                    area += steradiansToSqmeters(entity.area(graph));
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        if (selected.length > 1) {
                            geometry = null;
                            closed = null;
                            centroid = null;
                        }

                        if (selected.length === 1 && selected[0].type === 'node') {
                            location = selected[0].loc;
                        } else {
                            totalNodeCount = utilGetAllNodes(selectedIDs, context.graph()).length;
                        }

                        if (!location && !centroid) {
                            center = extent.center();
                        }
                    }
                }

                selection.html('');

                if (heading) {
                    selection
                        .append('h4')
                        .attr('class', 'measurement-heading')
                        .text(heading);
                }

                var list = selection
                    .append('ul');
                var coordItem;

                if (geometry) {
                    list
                        .append('li')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.geometry') + ':')
                        .append('span')
                        .text(
                            closed ? _t('info_panels.measurement.closed_' + geometry) : _t('geometry.' + geometry)
                        );
                }

                if (totalNodeCount) {
                    list
                        .append('li')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.node_count') + ':')
                        .append('span')
                        .text(totalNodeCount.toLocaleString(locale));
                }

                if (area) {
                    list
                        .append('li')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.area') + ':')
                        .append('span')
                        .text(displayArea(area, isImperial));
                }

                if (length) {
                    var lengthLabel = _t('info_panels.measurement.' + (closed ? 'perimeter' : 'length'));
                    list
                        .append('li')
                        .text(lengthLabel + ':')
                        .append('span')
                        .text(displayLength(length, isImperial));
                }

                if (location) {
                    coordItem = list
                        .append('li')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.location') + ':');
                    coordItem.append('span')
                        .text(dmsCoordinatePair(location));
                    coordItem.append('span')
                        .text(decimalCoordinatePair(location));
                }

                if (centroid) {
                    coordItem = list
                        .append('li')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.centroid') + ':');
                    coordItem.append('span')
                        .text(dmsCoordinatePair(centroid));
                    coordItem.append('span')
                        .text(decimalCoordinatePair(centroid));
                }

                if (center) {
                    coordItem = list
                        .append('li')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.center') + ':');
                    coordItem.append('span')
                        .text(dmsCoordinatePair(center));
                    coordItem.append('span')
                        .text(decimalCoordinatePair(center));
                }

                if (length || area) {
                    var toggle  = isImperial ? 'imperial' : 'metric';
                    selection
                        .append('a')
                        .text(_t('info_panels.measurement.' + toggle))
                        .attr('href', '#')
                        .attr('class', 'button button-toggle-units')
                        .on('click', function() {
                            event.preventDefault();
                            isImperial = !isImperial;
                            selection.call(redraw);
                        });
                }
            }


            var panel = function(selection) {
                selection.call(redraw);

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.info-measurement', function() {
                        selection.call(redraw);
                    });

                context
                    .on('enter.info-measurement', function() {
                        selection.call(redraw);
                    });
            };

            panel.off = function() {
                context.map().on('drawn.info-measurement', null);
                context.on('enter.info-measurement', null);
            };

            panel.id = 'measurement';
            panel.title = _t('info_panels.measurement.title');
            panel.key = _t('info_panels.measurement.key');


            return panel;
        }

        var uiInfoPanels = {
            background: uiPanelBackground,
            history: uiPanelHistory,
            location: uiPanelLocation,
            measurement: uiPanelMeasurement,
        };

        function uiInfo(context) {
            var ids = Object.keys(uiInfoPanels);
            var wasActive = ['measurement'];
            var panels = {};
            var active = {};

            // create panels
            ids.forEach(function(k) {
                if (!panels[k]) {
                    panels[k] = uiInfoPanels[k](context);
                    active[k] = false;
                }
            });


            function info(selection) {

                function redraw() {
                    var activeids = ids.filter(function(k) { return active[k]; }).sort();

                    var containers = infoPanels.selectAll('.panel-container')
                        .data(activeids, function(k) { return k; });

                    containers.exit()
                        .style('opacity', 1)
                        .transition()
                        .duration(200)
                        .style('opacity', 0)
                        .on('end', function(d) {
                            select(this)
                                .call(panels[d].off)
                                .remove();
                        });

                    var enter = containers.enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', function(d) { return 'fillD2 panel-container panel-container-' + d; });

                    enter
                        .style('opacity', 0)
                        .transition()
                        .duration(200)
                        .style('opacity', 1);

                    var title = enter
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'panel-title fillD2');

                    title
                        .append('h3')
                        .text(function(d) { return panels[d].title; });

                    title
                        .append('button')
                        .attr('class', 'close')
                        .on('click', function (d) { info.toggle(d); })
                        .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

                    enter
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', function(d) { return 'panel-content panel-content-' + d; });


                    // redraw the panels
                    infoPanels.selectAll('.panel-content')
                        .each(function(d) {
                            select(this).call(panels[d]);
                        });
                }


                info.toggle = function(which) {
                    if (event) {
                        event.stopImmediatePropagation();
                        event.preventDefault();
                    }

                    var activeids = ids.filter(function(k) { return active[k]; });

                    if (which) {  // toggle one
                        active[which] = !active[which];
                        if (activeids.length === 1 && activeids[0] === which) {  // none active anymore
                            wasActive = [which];
                        }

                        context.container().select('.' + which + '-panel-toggle-item')
                            .classed('active', active[which])
                            .select('input')
                            .property('checked', active[which]);

                    } else {      // toggle all
                        if (activeids.length) {
                            wasActive = activeids;
                            activeids.forEach(function(k) { active[k] = false; });
                        } else {
                            wasActive.forEach(function(k) { active[k] = true; });
                        }
                    }

                    redraw();
                };


                var infoPanels = selection.selectAll('.info-panels')
                    .data([0]);

                infoPanels = infoPanels.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'info-panels')
                    .merge(infoPanels);

                redraw();

                context.keybinding()
                    .on(uiCmd('⌘' + _t('info_panels.key')), info.toggle);

                ids.forEach(function(k) {
                    var key = _t('info_panels.' + k + '.key', { default: null });
                    if (!key) { return; }
                    context.keybinding()
                        .on(uiCmd('⌘⇧' + key), function() { info.toggle(k); });
                });
            }

            return info;
        }

        function pointBox(loc, context) {
            var rect = context.surfaceRect();
            var point = context.curtainProjection(loc);
            return {
                left: point[0] + rect.left - 40,
                top: point[1] + rect.top - 60,
                width: 80,
                height: 90
            };
        }


        function pad(locOrBox, padding, context) {
            var box;
            if (locOrBox instanceof Array) {
                var rect = context.surfaceRect();
                var point = context.curtainProjection(locOrBox);
                box = {
                    left: point[0] + rect.left,
                    top: point[1] + rect.top
                };
            } else {
                box = locOrBox;
            }

            return {
                left: box.left - padding,
                top: box.top - padding,
                width: (box.width || 0) + 2 * padding,
                height: (box.width || 0) + 2 * padding
            };
        }


        function icon(name, svgklass, useklass) {
            return '<svg class="icon ' + (svgklass || '') + '">' +
                 '<use xlink:href="' + name + '"' +
                 (useklass ? ' class="' + useklass + '"' : '') + '></use></svg>';
        }

        var helpStringReplacements;

        // Returns the localized string for `id` with a standardized set of icon, key, and
        // label replacements suitable for tutorials and documentation. Optionally supplemented
        // with custom `replacements`
        function helpString(id, replacements) {
            // only load these the first time
            if (!helpStringReplacements) { helpStringReplacements = {
                // insert icons corresponding to various UI elements
                point_icon: icon('#iD-icon-point', 'pre-text'),
                line_icon: icon('#iD-icon-line', 'pre-text'),
                area_icon: icon('#iD-icon-area', 'pre-text'),
                note_icon: icon('#iD-icon-note', 'pre-text add-note'),
                plus: icon('#iD-icon-plus', 'pre-text'),
                minus: icon('#iD-icon-minus', 'pre-text'),
                move_icon: icon('#iD-operation-move', 'pre-text operation'),
                merge_icon: icon('#iD-operation-merge', 'pre-text operation'),
                delete_icon: icon('#iD-operation-delete', 'pre-text operation'),
                circularize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-circularize', 'pre-text operation'),
                split_icon: icon('#iD-operation-split', 'pre-text operation'),
                orthogonalize_icon: icon('#iD-operation-orthogonalize', 'pre-text operation'),
                disconnect_icon: icon('#iD-operation-disconnect', 'pre-text operation'),
                layers_icon: icon('#iD-icon-layers', 'pre-text'),
                data_icon: icon('#iD-icon-data', 'pre-text'),
                inspect: icon('#iD-icon-inspect', 'pre-text'),
                help_icon: icon('#iD-icon-help', 'pre-text'),
                undo_icon: icon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo', 'pre-text'),
                redo_icon: icon(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-undo' : '#iD-icon-redo', 'pre-text'),
                save_icon: icon('#iD-icon-save', 'pre-text'),
                leftclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-left', 'pre-text operation'),
                rightclick: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-right', 'pre-text operation'),
                mousewheel_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-mousewheel', 'pre-text operation'),
                tap_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-tap', 'pre-text operation'),
                doubletap_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-doubletap', 'pre-text operation'),
                longpress_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-longpress', 'pre-text operation'),
                touchdrag_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-touchdrag', 'pre-text operation'),
                pinch_icon: icon('#iD-walkthrough-pinch-apart', 'pre-text operation'),

                // insert keys; may be localized and platform-dependent
                shift: uiCmd.display('⇧'),
                alt: uiCmd.display('⌥'),
                return: uiCmd.display('↵'),
                esc: _t('shortcuts.key.esc'),
                space: _t('shortcuts.key.space'),
                add_note_key: _t('modes.add_note.key'),
                help_key: _t('help.key'),
                shortcuts_key: _t('shortcuts.toggle.key'),

                // reference localized UI labels directly so that they'll always match
                save: _t('save.title'),
                undo: _t('undo.title'),
                redo: _t('redo.title'),
                upload: _t('commit.save'),
                point: _t('modes.add_point.title'),
                line: _t('modes.add_line.title'),
                area: _t('modes.add_area.title'),
                note: _t('modes.add_note.label'),
                delete: _t('operations.delete.title'),
                move: _t('operations.move.title'),
                orthogonalize: _t('operations.orthogonalize.title'),
                circularize: _t('operations.circularize.title'),
                merge: _t('operations.merge.title'),
                disconnect: _t('operations.disconnect.title'),
                split: _t('operations.split.title'),
                map_data: _t('map_data.title'),
                osm_notes: _t('map_data.layers.notes.title'),
                fields: _t('inspector.fields'),
                tags: _t('inspector.tags'),
                relations: _t('inspector.relations'),
                new_relation: _t('inspector.new_relation'),
                turn_restrictions: _t('presets.fields.restrictions.label'),
                background_settings: _t('background.description'),
                imagery_offset: _t('background.fix_misalignment'),
                start_the_walkthrough: _t('splash.walkthrough'),
                help: _t('help.title'),
                ok: _t('intro.ok')
            }; }

            var reps;
            if (replacements) {
                reps = Object.assign(replacements, helpStringReplacements);
            } else {
                reps = helpStringReplacements;
            }

            return _t(id, reps)
                 // use keyboard key styling for shortcuts
                .replace(/\`(.*?)\`/g, '<kbd>$1</kbd>');
        }


        function slugify(text) {
            return text.toString().toLowerCase()
                .replace(/\s+/g, '-')           // Replace spaces with -
                .replace(/[^\w\-]+/g, '')       // Remove all non-word chars
                .replace(/\-\-+/g, '-')         // Replace multiple - with single -
                .replace(/^-+/, '')             // Trim - from start of text
                .replace(/-+$/, '');            // Trim - from end of text
        }


        // console warning for missing walkthrough names
        var missingStrings = {};
        function checkKey(key, text) {
            if (_t(key, { default: undefined}) === undefined) {
                if (missingStrings.hasOwnProperty(key)) { return; }  // warn once
                missingStrings[key] = text;
                var missing = key + ': ' + text;
                if (typeof console !== 'undefined') { console.log(missing); } // eslint-disable-line
            }
        }


        function localize(obj) {
            var key;

            // Assign name if entity has one..
            var name = obj.tags && obj.tags.name;
            if (name) {
                key = 'intro.graph.name.' + slugify(name);
                obj.tags.name = _t(key, { default: name });
                checkKey(key, name);
            }

            // Assign street name if entity has one..
            var street = obj.tags && obj.tags['addr:street'];
            if (street) {
                key = 'intro.graph.name.' + slugify(street);
                obj.tags['addr:street'] = _t(key, { default: street });
                checkKey(key, street);

                // Add address details common across walkthrough..
                var addrTags = [
                    'block_number', 'city', 'county', 'district', 'hamlet', 'neighbourhood',
                    'postcode', 'province', 'quarter', 'state', 'subdistrict', 'suburb'
                ];
                addrTags.forEach(function(k) {
                    var key = 'intro.graph.' + k;
                    var tag = 'addr:' + k;
                    var val = obj.tags && obj.tags[tag];
                    var str = _t(key, { default: val });

                    if (str) {
                        if (str.match(/^<.*>$/) !== null) {
                            delete obj.tags[tag];
                        } else {
                            obj.tags[tag] = str;
                        }
                    }
                });
            }

            return obj;
        }


        // Used to detect squareness.. some duplicataion of code from actionOrthogonalize.
        function isMostlySquare(points) {
            // note: uses 15 here instead of the 12 from actionOrthogonalize because
            // actionOrthogonalize can actually straighten some larger angles as it iterates
            var threshold = 15; // degrees within right or straight
            var lowerBound = Math.cos((90 - threshold) * Math.PI / 180);  // near right
            var upperBound = Math.cos(threshold * Math.PI / 180);         // near straight

            for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
                var a = points[(i - 1 + points.length) % points.length];
                var origin = points[i];
                var b = points[(i + 1) % points.length];

                var dotp = geoVecNormalizedDot(a, b, origin);
                var mag = Math.abs(dotp);
                if (mag > lowerBound && mag < upperBound) {
                    return false;
                }
            }

            return true;
        }


        function selectMenuItem(context, operation) {
            return context.container().select('.edit-menu .edit-menu-item-' + operation);
        }


        function transitionTime(point1, point2) {
            var distance = geoSphericalDistance(point1, point2);
            if (distance === 0)
                { return 0; }
            else if (distance < 80)
                { return 500; }
            else
                { return 1000; }
        }

        // Tooltips and svg mask used to highlight certain features
        function uiCurtain(containerNode) {

            var surface = select(null),
                tooltip = select(null),
                darkness = select(null);

            function curtain(selection) {
                surface = selection
                    .append('svg')
                    .attr('class', 'curtain')
                    .style('top', 0)
                    .style('left', 0);

                darkness = surface.append('path')
                    .attr('x', 0)
                    .attr('y', 0)
                    .attr('class', 'curtain-darkness');

                select(window).on('resize.curtain', resize);

                tooltip = selection.append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'tooltip');

                tooltip
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'popover-arrow');

                tooltip
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'popover-inner');

                resize();


                function resize() {
                    surface
                        .attr('width', containerNode.clientWidth)
                        .attr('height', containerNode.clientHeight);
                    curtain.cut(darkness.datum());
                }
            }


            /**
             * Reveal cuts the curtain to highlight the given box,
             * and shows a tooltip with instructions next to the box.
             *
             * @param  {String|ClientRect} [box]   box used to cut the curtain
             * @param  {String}    [text]          text for a tooltip
             * @param  {Object}    [options]
             * @param  {string}    [options.tooltipClass]    optional class to add to the tooltip
             * @param  {integer}   [options.duration]        transition time in milliseconds
             * @param  {string}    [options.buttonText]      if set, create a button with this text label
             * @param  {function}  [options.buttonCallback]  if set, the callback for the button
             * @param  {function}  [options.padding]         extra margin in px to put around bbox
             * @param  {String|ClientRect} [options.tooltipBox]  box for tooltip position, if different from box for the curtain
             */
            curtain.reveal = function(box, text, options) {
                options = options || {};

                if (typeof box === 'string') {
                    box = select(box).node();
                }
                if (box && box.getBoundingClientRect) {
                    box = copyBox(box.getBoundingClientRect());
                    var containerRect = containerNode.getBoundingClientRect();
                    box.top -= containerRect.top;
                    box.left -= containerRect.left;
                }
                if (box && options.padding) {
                    box.top -= options.padding;
                    box.left -= options.padding;
                    box.bottom += options.padding;
                    box.right += options.padding;
                    box.height += options.padding * 2;
                    box.width += options.padding * 2;
                }

                var tooltipBox;
                if (options.tooltipBox) {
                    tooltipBox = options.tooltipBox;
                    if (typeof tooltipBox === 'string') {
                        tooltipBox = select(tooltipBox).node();
                    }
                    if (tooltipBox && tooltipBox.getBoundingClientRect) {
                        tooltipBox = copyBox(tooltipBox.getBoundingClientRect());
                    }
                } else {
                    tooltipBox = box;
                }

                if (tooltipBox && text) {
                    // pseudo markdown bold text for the instruction section..
                    var parts = text.split('**');
                    var html = parts[0] ? '<span>' + parts[0] + '</span>' : '';
                    if (parts[1]) {
                        html += '<span class="instruction">' + parts[1] + '</span>';
                    }

                    html = html.replace(/\*(.*?)\*/g, '<em>$1</em>');   // emphasis
                    html = html.replace(/\{br\}/g, '<br/><br/>');       // linebreak

                    if (options.buttonText && options.buttonCallback) {
                        html += '<div class="button-section">' +
                            '<button href="#" class="button action">' + options.buttonText + '</button></div>';
                    }

                    var classes = 'curtain-tooltip popover tooltip arrowed in ' + (options.tooltipClass || '');
                    tooltip
                        .classed(classes, true)
                        .selectAll('.popover-inner')
                        .html(html);

                    if (options.buttonText && options.buttonCallback) {
                        var button = tooltip.selectAll('.button-section .button.action');
                        button
                            .on('click', function() {
                                event.preventDefault();
                                options.buttonCallback();
                            });
                    }

                    var tip = copyBox(tooltip.node().getBoundingClientRect()),
                        w = containerNode.clientWidth,
                        h = containerNode.clientHeight,
                        tooltipWidth = 200,
                        tooltipArrow = 5,
                        side, pos;


                    // hack: this will have bottom placement,
                    // so need to reserve extra space for the tooltip illustration.
                    if (options.tooltipClass === 'intro-mouse') {
                        tip.height += 80;
                    }

                    // trim box dimensions to just the portion that fits in the container..
                    if (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height > h) {
                        tooltipBox.height -= (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height - h);
                    }
                    if (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width > w) {
                        tooltipBox.width -= (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width - w);
                    }

                    // determine tooltip placement..

                    if (tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height < 100) {
                        // tooltip below box..
                        side = 'bottom';
                        pos = [
                            tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width / 2 - tip.width / 2,
                            tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height
                        ];

                    } else if (tooltipBox.top > h - 140) {
                        // tooltip above box..
                        side = 'top';
                        pos = [
                            tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width / 2 - tip.width / 2,
                            tooltipBox.top - tip.height
                        ];

                    } else {
                        // tooltip to the side of the tooltipBox..
                        var tipY = tooltipBox.top + tooltipBox.height / 2 - tip.height / 2;

                        if (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') {
                            if (tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow < 70) {
                                side = 'right';
                                pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow, tipY];

                            } else {
                                side = 'left';
                                pos = [tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow, tipY];
                            }

                        } else {
                            if (tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow + tooltipWidth > w - 70) {
                                side = 'left';
                                pos = [tooltipBox.left - tooltipWidth - tooltipArrow, tipY];
                            }
                            else {
                                side = 'right';
                                pos = [tooltipBox.left + tooltipBox.width + tooltipArrow, tipY];
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    if (options.duration !== 0 || !tooltip.classed(side)) {
                        tooltip.call(uiToggle(true));
                    }

                    tooltip
                        .style('top', pos[1] + 'px')
                        .style('left', pos[0] + 'px')
                        .attr('class', classes + ' ' + side);


                    // shift popover-inner if it is very close to the top or bottom edge
                    // (doesn't affect the placement of the popover-arrow)
                    var shiftY = 0;
                    if (side === 'left' || side === 'right') {
                        if (pos[1] < 60) {
                            shiftY = 60 - pos[1];
                        }
                        else if (pos[1] + tip.height > h - 100) {
                            shiftY = h - pos[1] - tip.height - 100;
                        }
                    }
                    tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner')
                        .style('top', shiftY + 'px');

                } else {
                    tooltip
                        .classed('in', false)
                        .call(uiToggle(false));
                }

                curtain.cut(box, options.duration);

                return tooltip;
            };


            curtain.cut = function(datum, duration) {
                darkness.datum(datum)
                    .interrupt();

                var selection;
                if (duration === 0) {
                    selection = darkness;
                } else {
                    selection = darkness
                        .transition()
                        .duration(duration || 600)
                        .ease(linear$1);
                }

                selection
                    .attr('d', function(d) {
                        var containerWidth = containerNode.clientWidth;
                        var containerHeight = containerNode.clientHeight;
                        var string = 'M 0,0 L 0,' + containerHeight + ' L ' +
                            containerWidth + ',' + containerHeight + 'L' +
                            containerWidth + ',0 Z';

                        if (!d) { return string; }
                        return string + 'M' +
                            d.left + ',' + d.top + 'L' +
                            d.left + ',' + (d.top + d.height) + 'L' +
                            (d.left + d.width) + ',' + (d.top + d.height) + 'L' +
                            (d.left + d.width) + ',' + (d.top) + 'Z';

                    });
            };


            curtain.remove = function() {
                surface.remove();
                tooltip.remove();
                select(window).on('resize.curtain', null);
            };


            // ClientRects are immutable, so copy them to an object,
            // in case we need to trim the height/width.
            function copyBox(src) {
                return {
                    top: src.top,
                    right: src.right,
                    bottom: src.bottom,
                    left: src.left,
                    width: src.width,
                    height: src.height
                };
            }


            return curtain;
        }

        function uiIntroWelcome(context, reveal) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');

            var chapter = {
                title: 'intro.welcome.title'
            };


            function welcome() {
                context.map().centerZoom([-85.63591, 41.94285], 19);
                reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome',
                    helpString('intro.welcome.welcome'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: practice }
                );
            }

            function practice() {
                reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome',
                    helpString('intro.welcome.practice'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: words }
                );
            }

            function words() {
                reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-welcome',
                    helpString('intro.welcome.words'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: chapters }
                );
            }


            function chapters() {
                dispatch$1.call('done');
                reveal('.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-navigation',
                    helpString('intro.welcome.chapters', { next: _t('intro.navigation.title') })
                );
            }


            chapter.enter = function() {
                welcome();
            };


            chapter.exit = function() {
                context.container().select('.curtain-tooltip.intro-mouse')
                    .selectAll('.counter')
                    .remove();
            };


            chapter.restart = function() {
                chapter.exit();
                chapter.enter();
            };


            return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiIntroNavigation(context, reveal) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
            var timeouts = [];
            var hallId = 'n2061';
            var townHall = [-85.63591, 41.94285];
            var springStreetId = 'w397';
            var springStreetEndId = 'n1834';
            var springStreet = [-85.63582, 41.94255];
            var onewayField = _mainPresetIndex.field('oneway');
            var maxspeedField = _mainPresetIndex.field('maxspeed');


            var chapter = {
                title: 'intro.navigation.title'
            };


            function timeout(f, t) {
                timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
            }


            function eventCancel() {
                event.stopPropagation();
                event.preventDefault();
            }


            function isTownHallSelected() {
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                return ids.length === 1 && ids[0] === hallId;
            }


            function dragMap() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().reset('initial');

                var msec = transitionTime(townHall, context.map().center());
                if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
                context.map().centerZoomEase(townHall, 19, msec);

                timeout(function() {
                    var centerStart = context.map().center();

                    var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'drag' : 'drag_touch';
                    var dragString = helpString('intro.navigation.map_info') + '{br}' + helpString('intro.navigation.' + textId);
                    reveal('.surface', dragString);
                    context.map().on('drawn.intro', function() {
                        reveal('.surface', dragString, { duration: 0 });
                    });

                    context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
                        var centerNow = context.map().center();
                        if (centerStart[0] !== centerNow[0] || centerStart[1] !== centerNow[1]) {
                            context.map().on('move.intro', null);
                            timeout(function() { continueTo(zoomMap); }, 3000);
                        }
                    });

                }, msec + 100);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function zoomMap() {
                var zoomStart = context.map().zoom();

                var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'zoom' : 'zoom_touch';
                var zoomString = helpString('intro.navigation.' + textId);

                reveal('.surface', zoomString);

                context.map().on('drawn.intro', function() {
                    reveal('.surface', zoomString, { duration: 0 });
                });

                context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
                    if (context.map().zoom() !== zoomStart) {
                        context.map().on('move.intro', null);
                        timeout(function() { continueTo(features); }, 3000);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function features() {
                var onClick = function() { continueTo(pointsLinesAreas); };

                reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.features'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                );

                context.map().on('drawn.intro', function() {
                    reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.features'),
                        { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                    );
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }

            function pointsLinesAreas() {
                var onClick = function() { continueTo(nodesWays); };

                reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.points_lines_areas'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                );

                context.map().on('drawn.intro', function() {
                    reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.points_lines_areas'),
                        { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                    );
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }

            function nodesWays() {
                var onClick = function() { continueTo(clickTownHall); };

                reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.nodes_ways'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                );

                context.map().on('drawn.intro', function() {
                    reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.navigation.nodes_ways'),
                        { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                    );
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('drawn.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }

            function clickTownHall() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().reset('initial');

                var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
                if (!entity) { return; }
                reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 });
                context.map().centerZoomEase(entity.loc, 19, 500);

                timeout(function() {
                    var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
                    if (!entity) { return; }
                    var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
                    var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click_townhall' : 'tap_townhall';
                    reveal(box, helpString('intro.navigation.' + textId));

                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
                        if (!entity) { return; }
                        var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
                        reveal(box, helpString('intro.navigation.' + textId), { duration: 0 });
                    });

                    context.on('enter.intro', function() {
                        if (isTownHallSelected()) { continueTo(selectedTownHall); }
                    });

                }, 550);  // after centerZoomEase

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
                        continueTo(clickTownHall);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function selectedTownHall() {
                if (!isTownHallSelected()) { return clickTownHall(); }

                var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
                if (!entity) { return clickTownHall(); }

                var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
                var onClick = function() { continueTo(editorTownHall); };

                reveal(box, helpString('intro.navigation.selected_townhall'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                );

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    var entity = context.hasEntity(hallId);
                    if (!entity) { return; }
                    var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
                    reveal(box, helpString('intro.navigation.selected_townhall'),
                        { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                    );
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
                        continueTo(clickTownHall);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function editorTownHall() {
                if (!isTownHallSelected()) { return clickTownHall(); }

                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                var onClick = function() { continueTo(presetTownHall); };

                reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
                    helpString('intro.navigation.editor_townhall'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                );

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(clickTownHall);
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
                        continueTo(clickTownHall);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function presetTownHall() {
                if (!isTownHallSelected()) { return clickTownHall(); }

                // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                // preset match, in case the user happened to change it.
                var entity = context.entity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
                var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());

                var onClick = function() { continueTo(fieldsTownHall); };

                reveal('.entity-editor-pane .section-feature-type',
                    helpString('intro.navigation.preset_townhall', { preset: preset.name() }),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                );

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(clickTownHall);
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
                        continueTo(clickTownHall);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function fieldsTownHall() {
                if (!isTownHallSelected()) { return clickTownHall(); }

                // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');
                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                var onClick = function() { continueTo(closeTownHall); };

                reveal('.entity-editor-pane .section-preset-fields',
                    helpString('intro.navigation.fields_townhall'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                );

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(clickTownHall);
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(hallId)) {
                        continueTo(clickTownHall);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function closeTownHall() {
                if (!isTownHallSelected()) { return clickTownHall(); }

                var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
                var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';

                reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
                    helpString('intro.navigation.close_townhall', { button: icon(href, 'pre-text') })
                );

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(searchStreet);
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    // update the close icon in the tooltip if the user edits something.
                    var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
                    var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';

                    reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
                        helpString('intro.navigation.close_townhall', { button: icon(href, 'pre-text') }),
                        { duration: 0 }
                    );
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function searchStreet() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().reset('initial');  // ensure spring street exists

                var msec = transitionTime(springStreet, context.map().center());
                if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
                context.map().centerZoomEase(springStreet, 19, msec);  // ..and user can see it

                timeout(function() {
                    reveal('.search-header input',
                        helpString('intro.navigation.search_street', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street') })
                    );

                    context.container().select('.search-header input')
                        .on('keyup.intro', checkSearchResult);
                }, msec + 100);
            }


            function checkSearchResult() {
                var first = context.container().select('.feature-list-item:nth-child(0n+2)');  // skip "No Results" item
                var firstName = first.select('.entity-name');
                var name = _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street');

                if (!firstName.empty() && firstName.text() === name) {
                    reveal(first.node(),
                        helpString('intro.navigation.choose_street', { name: name }),
                        { duration: 300 }
                    );

                    context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                        continueTo(selectedStreet);
                    });

                    context.container().select('.search-header input')
                        .on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true)
                        .on('keyup.intro', null);
                }

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.search-header input')
                        .on('keydown.intro', null)
                        .on('keyup.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function selectedStreet() {
                if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId) || !context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
                    return searchStreet();
                }

                var onClick = function() { continueTo(editorStreet); };
                var entity = context.entity(springStreetEndId);
                var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
                box.height = 500;

                reveal(box,
                    helpString('intro.navigation.selected_street', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street') }),
                    { duration: 600, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                );

                timeout(function() {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId);
                        if (!entity) { return; }
                        var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
                        box.height = 500;
                        reveal(box,
                            helpString('intro.navigation.selected_street', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.spring-street') }),
                            { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                        );
                    });
                }, 600);  // after reveal.

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
                        return continueTo(searchStreet);
                    }
                    var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                    if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== springStreetId) {
                        // keep Spring Street selected..
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, [springStreetId]));
                    }
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(springStreetEndId) || !context.hasEntity(springStreetId)) {
                        timeout(function() {
                            continueTo(searchStreet);
                        }, 300);  // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function editorStreet() {
                var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
                var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';

                reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpString('intro.navigation.street_different_fields') + '{br}' +
                    helpString('intro.navigation.editor_street', {
                        button: icon(href, 'pre-text'),
                        field1: onewayField.label(),
                        field2: maxspeedField.label()
                    }));

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(play);
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    // update the close icon in the tooltip if the user edits something.
                    var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
                    var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';

                    reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpString('intro.navigation.street_different_fields') + '{br}' +
                        helpString('intro.navigation.editor_street', {
                            button: icon(href, 'pre-text'),
                            field1: onewayField.label(),
                            field2: maxspeedField.label()
                        }), { duration: 0 }
                    );
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function play() {
                dispatch$1.call('done');
                reveal('.ideditor',
                    helpString('intro.navigation.play', { next: _t('intro.points.title') }), {
                        tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-point',
                        buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                        buttonCallback: function() { reveal('.ideditor'); }
                    }
                );
            }


            chapter.enter = function() {
                dragMap();
            };


            chapter.exit = function() {
                timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
                context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.search-header input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
            };


            chapter.restart = function() {
                chapter.exit();
                chapter.enter();
            };


            return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiIntroPoint(context, reveal) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
            var timeouts = [];
            var intersection = [-85.63279, 41.94394];
            var building = [-85.632422, 41.944045];
            var cafePreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('amenity/cafe');
            var _pointID = null;


            var chapter = {
                title: 'intro.points.title'
            };


            function timeout(f, t) {
                timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
            }


            function eventCancel() {
                event.stopPropagation();
                event.preventDefault();
            }


            function addPoint() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().reset('initial');

                var msec = transitionTime(intersection, context.map().center());
                if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
                context.map().centerZoomEase(intersection, 19, msec);

                timeout(function() {
                    var tooltip = reveal('button.add-point',
                        helpString('intro.points.points_info') + '{br}' + helpString('intro.points.add_point'));

                    _pointID = null;

                    tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner')
                        .insert('svg', 'span')
                        .attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration')
                        .append('use')
                        .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-points');

                    context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                        if (mode.id !== 'add-point') { return; }
                        continueTo(placePoint);
                    });
                }, msec + 100);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function placePoint() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'add-point') {
                    return chapter.restart();
                }

                var pointBox = pad(building, 150, context);
                var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'place_point' : 'place_point_touch';
                reveal(pointBox, helpString('intro.points.' + textId));

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    pointBox = pad(building, 150, context);
                    reveal(pointBox, helpString('intro.points.' + textId), { duration: 0 });
                });

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id !== 'select') { return chapter.restart(); }
                    _pointID = context.mode().selectedIDs()[0];
                    continueTo(searchPreset);
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function searchPreset() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
                    return addPoint();
                }

                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
                    .on('keydown.intro', null)
                    .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);

                reveal('.preset-search-input',
                    helpString('intro.points.search_cafe', { preset: cafePreset.name() })
                );

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (!_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
                        return continueTo(addPoint);
                    }

                    var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                    if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _pointID) {
                        // keep the user's point selected..
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_pointID]));

                        // disallow scrolling
                        context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                        context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
                            .on('keydown.intro', null)
                            .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);

                        reveal('.preset-search-input',
                            helpString('intro.points.search_cafe', { preset: cafePreset.name() })
                        );

                        context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    }
                });


                function checkPresetSearch() {
                    var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');

                    if (first.classed('preset-amenity-cafe')) {
                        context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
                            .on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true)
                            .on('keyup.intro', null);

                        reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(),
                            helpString('intro.points.choose_cafe', { preset: cafePreset.name() }),
                            { duration: 300 }
                        );

                        context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                            continueTo(aboutFeatureEditor);
                        });
                    }
                }

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function aboutFeatureEditor() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
                    return addPoint();
                }

                timeout(function() {
                    reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpString('intro.points.feature_editor'), {
                        tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe',
                        buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                        buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(addName); }
                    });
                }, 400);

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    // if user leaves select mode here, just continue with the tutorial.
                    continueTo(reselectPoint);
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function addName() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
                    return addPoint();
                }

                // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');

                var addNameString = helpString('intro.points.fields_info') + '{br}' + helpString('intro.points.add_name');

                timeout(function() {
                    // It's possible for the user to add a name in a previous step..
                    // If so, don't tell them to add the name in this step.
                    // Give them an OK button instead.
                    var entity = context.entity(_pointID);
                    if (entity.tags.name) {
                        var tooltip = reveal('.entity-editor-pane', addNameString, {
                            tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe',
                            buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                            buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(addCloseEditor); }
                        });
                        tooltip.select('.instruction').style('display', 'none');

                    } else {
                        reveal('.entity-editor-pane', addNameString,
                            { tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe' }
                        );
                    }
                }, 400);

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(addCloseEditor);
                });

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    // if user leaves select mode here, just continue with the tutorial.
                    continueTo(reselectPoint);
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function addCloseEditor() {
                // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');

                var selector = '.entity-editor-pane button.close svg use';
                var href = select(selector).attr('href') || '#iD-icon-close';

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(reselectPoint);
                });

                reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
                    helpString('intro.points.add_close', { button: icon(href, 'pre-text') })
                );

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function reselectPoint() {
                if (!_pointID) { return chapter.restart(); }
                var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
                if (!entity) { return chapter.restart(); }

                // make sure it's still a cafe, in case user somehow changed it..
                var oldPreset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
                context.replace(actionChangePreset(_pointID, oldPreset, cafePreset));

                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

                var msec = transitionTime(entity.loc, context.map().center());
                if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
                context.map().centerEase(entity.loc, msec);

                timeout(function() {
                    var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
                    reveal(box, helpString('intro.points.reselect'), { duration: 600 });

                    timeout(function() {
                        context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                            var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
                            if (!entity) { return chapter.restart(); }
                            var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
                            reveal(box, helpString('intro.points.reselect'), { duration: 0 });
                        });
                    }, 600); // after reveal..

                    context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                        if (mode.id !== 'select') { return; }
                        continueTo(updatePoint);
                    });

                }, msec + 100);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function updatePoint() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
                    return continueTo(reselectPoint);
                }

                // reset pane, in case user happened to untag the point..
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(reselectPoint);
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(updateCloseEditor);
                });

                timeout(function() {
                    reveal('.entity-editor-pane', helpString('intro.points.update'),
                        { tooltipClass: 'intro-points-describe' }
                    );
                }, 400);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function updateCloseEditor() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !_pointID || !context.hasEntity(_pointID)) {
                    return continueTo(reselectPoint);
                }

                // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(rightClickPoint);
                });

                timeout(function() {
                    reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
                        helpString('intro.points.update_close', { button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'pre-text') })
                    );
                }, 500);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function rightClickPoint() {
                if (!_pointID) { return chapter.restart(); }
                var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
                if (!entity) { return chapter.restart(); }

                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

                var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
                var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick' : 'edit_menu_touch';
                reveal(box, helpString('intro.points.' + textId), { duration: 600 });

                timeout(function() {
                    context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
                        if (!entity) { return chapter.restart(); }
                        var box = pointBox(entity.loc, context);
                        reveal(box, helpString('intro.points.' + textId), { duration: 0 });
                    });
                }, 600); // after reveal

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id !== 'select') { return; }
                    var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                    if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _pointID) { return; }

                    timeout(function() {
                        var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
                        if (!node) { return; }
                        continueTo(enterDelete);
                    }, 50);  // after menu visible
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.map().on('move.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function enterDelete() {
                if (!_pointID) { return chapter.restart(); }
                var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
                if (!entity) { return chapter.restart(); }

                var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
                if (!node) { return continueTo(rightClickPoint); }

                reveal('.edit-menu',
                    helpString('intro.points.delete'),
                    { padding: 50 }
                );

                timeout(function() {
                    context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
                        reveal('.edit-menu',
                            helpString('intro.points.delete'),
                            { duration: 0,  padding: 50 }
                        );
                    });
                }, 300); // after menu visible

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    if (!_pointID) { return chapter.restart(); }
                    var entity = context.hasEntity(_pointID);
                    if (entity) { return continueTo(rightClickPoint); }  // point still exists
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function(changed) {
                    if (changed.deleted().length) {
                        continueTo(undo);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function undo() {
                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(play);
                });

                reveal('.top-toolbar button.undo-button',
                    helpString('intro.points.undo')
                );

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function play() {
                dispatch$1.call('done');
                reveal('.ideditor',
                    helpString('intro.points.play', { next: _t('intro.areas.title') }), {
                        tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-area',
                        buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                        buttonCallback: function() { reveal('.ideditor'); }
                    }
                );
            }


            chapter.enter = function() {
                addPoint();
            };


            chapter.exit = function() {
                timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
                context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);
                context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
            };


            chapter.restart = function() {
                chapter.exit();
                chapter.enter();
            };


            return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiIntroArea(context, reveal) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
            var playground = [-85.63552, 41.94159];
            var playgroundPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('leisure/playground');
            var nameField = _mainPresetIndex.field('name');
            var descriptionField = _mainPresetIndex.field('description');
            var timeouts = [];
            var _areaID;


            var chapter = {
                title: 'intro.areas.title'
            };


            function timeout(f, t) {
                timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
            }


            function eventCancel() {
                event.stopPropagation();
                event.preventDefault();
            }


            function revealPlayground(center, text, options) {
                var padding = 180 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19.5);
                var box = pad(center, padding, context);
                reveal(box, text, options);
            }


            function addArea() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().reset('initial');
                _areaID = null;

                var msec = transitionTime(playground, context.map().center());
                if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
                context.map().centerZoomEase(playground, 19, msec);

                timeout(function() {
                    var tooltip = reveal('button.add-area',
                        helpString('intro.areas.add_playground'));

                    tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner')
                        .insert('svg', 'span')
                        .attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration')
                        .append('use')
                        .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-areas');

                    context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                        if (mode.id !== 'add-area') { return; }
                        continueTo(startPlayground);
                    });
                }, msec + 100);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function startPlayground() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
                    return chapter.restart();
                }

                _areaID = null;
                context.map().zoomEase(19.5, 500);

                timeout(function() {
                    var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'starting_node_click' : 'starting_node_tap';
                    var startDrawString = helpString('intro.areas.start_playground') + helpString('intro.areas.' + textId);
                    revealPlayground(playground,
                        startDrawString, { duration: 250 }
                    );

                    timeout(function() {
                        context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                            revealPlayground(playground,
                                startDrawString, { duration: 0 }
                            );
                        });
                        context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                            if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') { return chapter.restart(); }
                            continueTo(continuePlayground);
                        });
                    }, 250);  // after reveal

                }, 550);  // after easing

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function continuePlayground() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
                    return chapter.restart();
                }

                _areaID = null;
                revealPlayground(playground,
                    helpString('intro.areas.continue_playground'),
                    { duration: 250 }
                );

                timeout(function() {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        revealPlayground(playground,
                            helpString('intro.areas.continue_playground'),
                            { duration: 0 }
                        );
                    });
                }, 250);  // after reveal

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
                        if (entity && entity.nodes.length >= 6) {
                            return continueTo(finishPlayground);
                        } else {
                            return;
                        }
                    } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
                        _areaID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
                        return continueTo(searchPresets);
                    } else {
                        return chapter.restart();
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function finishPlayground() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
                    return chapter.restart();
                }

                _areaID = null;

                var finishString = helpString('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) +
                    helpString('intro.areas.finish_playground');
                revealPlayground(playground,
                    finishString, { duration: 250 }
                );

                timeout(function() {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        revealPlayground(playground,
                            finishString, { duration: 0 }
                        );
                    });
                }, 250);  // after reveal

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
                        return;
                    } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
                        _areaID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
                        return continueTo(searchPresets);
                    } else {
                        return chapter.restart();
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function searchPresets() {
                if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
                    return addArea();
                }
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_areaID]));
                }

                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                timeout(function() {
                    // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');

                    context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
                        .on('keydown.intro', null)
                        .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);

                    reveal('.preset-search-input',
                        helpString('intro.areas.search_playground', { preset: playgroundPreset.name() })
                    );
                }, 400);  // after preset list pane visible..

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
                        return continueTo(addArea);
                    }

                    var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                    if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
                        // keep the user's area selected..
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_areaID]));

                        // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
                        context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
                        // disallow scrolling
                        context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                        context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
                            .on('keydown.intro', null)
                            .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);

                        reveal('.preset-search-input',
                            helpString('intro.areas.search_playground', { preset: playgroundPreset.name() })
                        );

                        context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    }
                });

                function checkPresetSearch() {
                    var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');

                    if (first.classed('preset-leisure-playground')) {
                        reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(),
                            helpString('intro.areas.choose_playground', { preset: playgroundPreset.name() }),
                            { duration: 300 }
                        );

                        context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
                            .on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true)
                            .on('keyup.intro', null);

                        context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                            continueTo(clickAddField);
                        });
                    }
                }

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function clickAddField() {
                if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
                    return addArea();
                }
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
                    return searchPresets();
                }

                if (!context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
                    return continueTo(describePlayground);
                }

                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                timeout(function() {
                    // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');

                    // It's possible for the user to add a description in a previous step..
                    // If they did this already, just continue to next step.
                    var entity = context.entity(_areaID);
                    if (entity.tags.description) {
                        return continueTo(play);
                    }

                    // scroll "Add field" into view
                    var box = context.container().select('.more-fields').node().getBoundingClientRect();
                    if (box.top > 300) {
                        var pane = context.container().select('.entity-editor-pane .inspector-body');
                        var start = pane.node().scrollTop;
                        var end = start + (box.top - 300);

                        pane
                            .transition()
                            .duration(250)
                            .tween('scroll.inspector', function() {
                                var node = this;
                                var i = d3_interpolateNumber(start, end);
                                return function(t) {
                                    node.scrollTop = i(t);
                                };
                            });
                    }

                    timeout(function() {
                        reveal('.more-fields .combobox-input',
                            helpString('intro.areas.add_field', {
                                name: nameField.label(),
                                description: descriptionField.label()
                            }),
                            { duration: 300 }
                        );

                        context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input')
                            .on('click.intro', function() {
                                // Watch for the combobox to appear...
                                var watcher;
                                watcher = window.setInterval(function() {
                                    if (!context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
                                        window.clearInterval(watcher);
                                        continueTo(chooseDescriptionField);
                                    }
                                }, 300);
                            });
                    }, 300);  // after "Add Field" visible

                }, 400);  // after editor pane visible

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    return continueTo(searchPresets);
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function chooseDescriptionField() {
                if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
                    return addArea();
                }
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
                    return searchPresets();
                }

                if (!context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
                    return continueTo(describePlayground);
                }

                // Make sure combobox is ready..
                if (context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
                    return continueTo(clickAddField);
                }
                // Watch for the combobox to go away..
                var watcher;
                watcher = window.setInterval(function() {
                    if (context.container().select('div.combobox').empty()) {
                        window.clearInterval(watcher);
                        timeout(function() {
                            if (context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
                                continueTo(retryChooseDescription);
                            } else {
                                continueTo(describePlayground);
                            }
                        }, 300);  // after description field added.
                    }
                }, 300);

                reveal('div.combobox',
                    helpString('intro.areas.choose_field', { field: descriptionField.label() }),
                    { duration: 300 }
                );

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    return continueTo(searchPresets);
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    if (watcher) { window.clearInterval(watcher); }
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function describePlayground() {
                if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
                    return addArea();
                }
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
                    return searchPresets();
                }

                // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');

                if (context.container().select('.form-field-description').empty()) {
                    return continueTo(retryChooseDescription);
                }

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(play);
                });

                reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
                    helpString('intro.areas.describe_playground', { button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'pre-text') }),
                    { duration: 300 }
                );

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function retryChooseDescription() {
                if (!_areaID || !context.hasEntity(_areaID)) {
                    return addArea();
                }
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _areaID) {
                    return searchPresets();
                }

                // reset pane, in case user happened to change it..
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '0%');

                reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
                    helpString('intro.areas.retry_add_field', { field: descriptionField.label() }), {
                    buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                    buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(clickAddField); }
                });

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    return continueTo(searchPresets);
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function play() {
                dispatch$1.call('done');
                reveal('.ideditor',
                    helpString('intro.areas.play', { next: _t('intro.lines.title') }), {
                        tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-line',
                        buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                        buttonCallback: function() { reveal('.ideditor'); }
                    }
                );
            }


            chapter.enter = function() {
                addArea();
            };


            chapter.exit = function() {
                timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
                context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
            };


            chapter.restart = function() {
                chapter.exit();
                chapter.enter();
            };


            return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiIntroLine(context, reveal) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
            var timeouts = [];
            var _tulipRoadID = null;
            var flowerRoadID = 'w646';
            var tulipRoadStart = [-85.6297754121684, 41.95805253325314];
            var tulipRoadMidpoint = [-85.62975395449628, 41.95787501510204];
            var tulipRoadIntersection = [-85.62974496187628, 41.95742515554585];
            var roadCategory = _mainPresetIndex.item('category-road_minor');
            var residentialPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('highway/residential');
            var woodRoadID = 'w525';
            var woodRoadEndID = 'n2862';
            var woodRoadAddNode = [-85.62390110349587, 41.95397111462291];
            var woodRoadDragEndpoint = [-85.623867390213, 41.95466987786487];
            var woodRoadDragMidpoint = [-85.62386254803509, 41.95430395953872];
            var washingtonStreetID = 'w522';
            var twelfthAvenueID = 'w1';
            var eleventhAvenueEndID = 'n3550';
            var twelfthAvenueEndID = 'n5';
            var _washingtonSegmentID = null;
            var eleventhAvenueEnd = context.entity(eleventhAvenueEndID).loc;
            var twelfthAvenueEnd = context.entity(twelfthAvenueEndID).loc;
            var deleteLinesLoc = [-85.6219395542764, 41.95228033922477];
            var twelfthAvenue = [-85.62219310052491, 41.952505413152956];


            var chapter = {
                title: 'intro.lines.title'
            };


            function timeout(f, t) {
                timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
            }


            function eventCancel() {
                event.stopPropagation();
                event.preventDefault();
            }


            function addLine() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().reset('initial');

                var msec = transitionTime(tulipRoadStart, context.map().center());
                if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
                context.map().centerZoomEase(tulipRoadStart, 18.5, msec);

                timeout(function() {
                    var tooltip = reveal('button.add-line',
                        helpString('intro.lines.add_line'));

                    tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner')
                        .insert('svg', 'span')
                        .attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration')
                        .append('use')
                        .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-lines');

                    context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                        if (mode.id !== 'add-line') { return; }
                        continueTo(startLine);
                    });
                }, msec + 100);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function startLine() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'add-line') { return chapter.restart(); }

                _tulipRoadID = null;

                var padding = 70 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                var box = pad(tulipRoadStart, padding, context);
                box.height = box.height + 100;

                var textId = context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'start_line' : 'start_line_tap';
                var startLineString = helpString('intro.lines.missing_road') + '{br}' +
                    helpString('intro.lines.line_draw_info') +
                    helpString('intro.lines.' + textId);
                reveal(box, startLineString);

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    padding = 70 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                    box = pad(tulipRoadStart, padding, context);
                    box.height = box.height + 100;
                    reveal(box, startLineString, { duration: 0 });
                });

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id !== 'draw-line') { return chapter.restart(); }
                    continueTo(drawLine);
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function drawLine() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-line') { return chapter.restart(); }

                _tulipRoadID = context.mode().selectedIDs()[0];
                context.map().centerEase(tulipRoadMidpoint, 500);

                timeout(function() {
                    var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18.5);
                    var box = pad(tulipRoadMidpoint, padding, context);
                    box.height = box.height * 2;
                    reveal(box,
                        helpString('intro.lines.intersect', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street') })
                    );

                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18.5);
                        box = pad(tulipRoadMidpoint, padding, context);
                        box.height = box.height * 2;
                        reveal(box,
                            helpString('intro.lines.intersect', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street') }),
                            { duration: 0 }
                        );
                    });
                }, 550);  // after easing..

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    if (isLineConnected()) {
                        continueTo(continueLine);
                    }
                });

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id === 'draw-line') {
                        return;
                    } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
                        continueTo(retryIntersect);
                        return;
                    } else {
                        return chapter.restart();
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function isLineConnected() {
                var entity = _tulipRoadID && context.hasEntity(_tulipRoadID);
                if (!entity) { return false; }

                var drawNodes = context.graph().childNodes(entity);
                return drawNodes.some(function(node) {
                    return context.graph().parentWays(node).some(function(parent) {
                        return parent.id === flowerRoadID;
                    });
                });
            }


            function retryIntersect() {
                select(window).on('pointerdown.intro mousedown.intro', eventCancel, true);

                var box = pad(tulipRoadIntersection, 80, context);
                reveal(box,
                    helpString('intro.lines.retry_intersect', { name: _t('intro.graph.name.flower-street') })
                );

                timeout(chapter.restart, 3000);
            }


            function continueLine() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-line') { return chapter.restart(); }
                var entity = _tulipRoadID && context.hasEntity(_tulipRoadID);
                if (!entity) { return chapter.restart(); }

                context.map().centerEase(tulipRoadIntersection, 500);

                var continueLineText = helpString('intro.lines.continue_line') + '{br}' +
                    helpString('intro.lines.finish_line_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) +
                    helpString('intro.lines.finish_road');

                reveal('.surface', continueLineText);

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id === 'draw-line')
                        { return; }
                    else if (mode.id === 'select')
                        { return continueTo(chooseCategoryRoad); }
                    else
                        { return chapter.restart(); }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function chooseCategoryRoad() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select') { return chapter.restart(); }

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    return chapter.restart();
                });

                var button = context.container().select('.preset-category-road_minor .preset-list-button');
                if (button.empty()) { return chapter.restart(); }

                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                timeout(function() {
                    // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');

                    reveal(button.node(),
                        helpString('intro.lines.choose_category_road', { category: roadCategory.name() })
                    );

                    button.on('click.intro', function() {
                        continueTo(choosePresetResidential);
                    });

                }, 400);  // after editor pane visible

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function choosePresetResidential() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select') { return chapter.restart(); }

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    return chapter.restart();
                });

                var subgrid = context.container().select('.preset-category-road_minor .subgrid');
                if (subgrid.empty()) { return chapter.restart(); }

                subgrid.selectAll(':not(.preset-highway-residential) .preset-list-button')
                    .on('click.intro', function() {
                        continueTo(retryPresetResidential);
                    });

                subgrid.selectAll('.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button')
                    .on('click.intro', function() {
                        continueTo(nameRoad);
                    });

                timeout(function() {
                    reveal(subgrid.node(),
                        helpString('intro.lines.choose_preset_residential', { preset: residentialPreset.name() }),
                        { tooltipBox: '.preset-highway-residential .preset-list-button', duration: 300 }
                    );
                }, 300);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            // selected wrong road type
            function retryPresetResidential() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select') { return chapter.restart(); }

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    return chapter.restart();
                });

                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                timeout(function() {
                    var button = context.container().select('.entity-editor-pane .preset-list-button');

                    reveal(button.node(),
                        helpString('intro.lines.retry_preset_residential', { preset: residentialPreset.name() })
                    );

                    button.on('click.intro', function() {
                        continueTo(chooseCategoryRoad);
                    });

                }, 500);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function nameRoad() {
                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(didNameRoad);
                });

                timeout(function() {
                    reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
                        helpString('intro.lines.name_road', { button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'pre-text') }),
                        { tooltipClass: 'intro-lines-name_road' }
                    );
                }, 500);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function didNameRoad() {
                context.history().checkpoint('doneAddLine');

                timeout(function() {
                    reveal('.surface', helpString('intro.lines.did_name_road'), {
                        buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                        buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(updateLine); }
                    });
                }, 500);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function updateLine() {
                context.history().reset('doneAddLine');
                if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                    return chapter.restart();
                }

                var msec = transitionTime(woodRoadDragMidpoint, context.map().center());
                if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
                context.map().centerZoomEase(woodRoadDragMidpoint, 19, msec);

                timeout(function() {
                    var padding = 250 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                    var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
                    var advance = function() { continueTo(addNode); };

                    reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.update_line'),
                        { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
                    );

                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        var padding = 250 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                        var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
                        reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.update_line'),
                            { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
                        );
                    });
                }, msec + 100);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function addNode() {
                context.history().reset('doneAddLine');
                if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                    return chapter.restart();
                }

                var padding = 40 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                var box = pad(woodRoadAddNode, padding, context);
                var addNodeString = helpString('intro.lines.add_node' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch'));
                reveal(box, addNodeString);

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    var padding = 40 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                    var box = pad(woodRoadAddNode, padding, context);
                    reveal(box, addNodeString, { duration: 0 });
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function(changed) {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                        return continueTo(updateLine);
                    }
                    if (changed.created().length === 1) {
                        timeout(function() { continueTo(startDragEndpoint); }, 500);
                    }
                });

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id !== 'select') {
                        continueTo(updateLine);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function startDragEndpoint() {
                if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                    return continueTo(updateLine);
                }
                var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
                var startDragString = helpString('intro.lines.start_drag_endpoint' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch')) +
                    helpString('intro.lines.drag_to_intersection');
                reveal(box, startDragString);

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                        return continueTo(updateLine);
                    }
                    var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                    var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
                    reveal(box, startDragString, { duration: 0 });

                    var entity = context.entity(woodRoadEndID);
                    if (geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, woodRoadDragEndpoint) <= 4) {
                        continueTo(finishDragEndpoint);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function finishDragEndpoint() {
                if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                    return continueTo(updateLine);
                }

                var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
                var finishDragString = helpString('intro.lines.spot_looks_good') +
                    helpString('intro.lines.finish_drag_endpoint' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? '' : '_touch'));
                reveal(box, finishDragString);

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                        return continueTo(updateLine);
                    }
                    var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                    var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
                    reveal(box, finishDragString, { duration: 0 });

                    var entity = context.entity(woodRoadEndID);
                    if (geoSphericalDistance(entity.loc, woodRoadDragEndpoint) > 4) {
                        continueTo(startDragEndpoint);
                    }
                });

                context.on('enter.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(startDragMidpoint);
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function startDragMidpoint() {
                if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                    return continueTo(updateLine);
                }
                if (context.selectedIDs().indexOf(woodRoadID) === -1) {
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, [woodRoadID]));
                }

                var padding = 80 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
                reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.start_drag_midpoint'));

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                        return continueTo(updateLine);
                    }
                    var padding = 80 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                    var box = pad(woodRoadDragMidpoint, padding, context);
                    reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.start_drag_midpoint'), { duration: 0 });
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function(changed) {
                    if (changed.created().length === 1) {
                        continueTo(continueDragMidpoint);
                    }
                });

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id !== 'select') {
                        // keep Wood Road selected so midpoint triangles are drawn..
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, [woodRoadID]));
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function continueDragMidpoint() {
                if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                    return continueTo(updateLine);
                }

                var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
                box.height += 400;

                var advance = function() {
                    context.history().checkpoint('doneUpdateLine');
                    continueTo(deleteLines);
                };

                reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.continue_drag_midpoint'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
                );

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    if (!context.hasEntity(woodRoadID) || !context.hasEntity(woodRoadEndID)) {
                        return continueTo(updateLine);
                    }
                    var padding = 100 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19);
                    var box = pad(woodRoadDragEndpoint, padding, context);
                    box.height += 400;
                    reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.continue_drag_midpoint'),
                        { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
                    );
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function deleteLines() {
                context.history().reset('doneUpdateLine');
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

                if (!context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
                    return chapter.restart();
                }

                var msec = transitionTime(deleteLinesLoc, context.map().center());
                if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
                context.map().centerZoomEase(deleteLinesLoc, 18, msec);

                timeout(function() {
                    var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                    var box = pad(deleteLinesLoc, padding, context);
                    box.top -= 200;
                    box.height += 400;
                    var advance = function() { continueTo(rightClickIntersection); };

                    reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.delete_lines', { street: _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue') }),
                        { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
                    );

                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                        var box = pad(deleteLinesLoc, padding, context);
                        box.top -= 200;
                        box.height += 400;
                        reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.delete_lines', { street: _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue') }),
                            { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
                        );
                    });

                    context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                        timeout(function() {
                            continueTo(deleteLines);
                        }, 500);  // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
                    });

                }, msec + 100);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function rightClickIntersection() {
                context.history().reset('doneUpdateLine');
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

                context.map().centerZoomEase(eleventhAvenueEnd, 18, 500);

                var rightClickString = helpString('intro.lines.split_street', {
                        street1: _t('intro.graph.name.11th-avenue'),
                        street2: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street')
                    }) +
                    helpString('intro.lines.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_intersection' : 'edit_menu_intersection_touch'));

                timeout(function() {
                    var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                    var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
                    reveal(box, rightClickString);

                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                        var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
                        reveal(box, rightClickString,
                            { duration: 0 }
                        );
                    });

                    context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                        if (mode.id !== 'select') { return; }
                        var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                        if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== eleventhAvenueEndID) { return; }

                        timeout(function() {
                            var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
                            if (!node) { return; }
                            continueTo(splitIntersection);
                        }, 50);  // after menu visible
                    });

                    context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                        timeout(function() {
                            continueTo(deleteLines);
                        }, 300);  // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
                    });

                }, 600);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function splitIntersection() {
                if (!context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
                    return continueTo(deleteLines);
                }

                var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
                if (!node) { return continueTo(rightClickIntersection); }

                var wasChanged = false;
                _washingtonSegmentID = null;

                reveal('.edit-menu', helpString('intro.lines.split_intersection',
                    { street: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street') }),
                    { padding: 50 }
                );

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'split').node();
                    if (!wasChanged && !node) { return continueTo(rightClickIntersection); }

                    reveal('.edit-menu', helpString('intro.lines.split_intersection',
                        { street: _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street') }),
                        { duration: 0, padding: 50 }
                    );
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function(changed) {
                    wasChanged = true;
                    timeout(function() {
                        if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.split.annotation.line')) {
                            _washingtonSegmentID = changed.created()[0].id;
                            continueTo(didSplit);
                        } else {
                            _washingtonSegmentID = null;
                            continueTo(retrySplit);
                        }
                    }, 300);  // after any transition (e.g. if user deleted intersection)
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function retrySplit() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.map().centerZoomEase(eleventhAvenueEnd, 18, 500);
                var advance = function() { continueTo(rightClickIntersection); };

                var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
                reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.retry_split'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
                );

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    var padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                    var box = pad(eleventhAvenueEnd, padding, context);
                    reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.retry_split'),
                        { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: advance }
                    );
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function didSplit() {
                if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
                    !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
                    return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
                }

                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                var string = 'intro.lines.did_split_' + (ids.length > 1 ? 'multi' : 'single');
                var street = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');

                var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
                box.width = box.width / 2;
                reveal(box, helpString(string, { street1: street, street2: street }),
                    { duration: 500 }
                );

                timeout(function() {
                    context.map().centerZoomEase(twelfthAvenue, 18, 500);

                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                        var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
                        box.width = box.width / 2;
                        reveal(box, helpString(string, { street1: street, street2: street }),
                            { duration: 0 }
                        );
                    });
                }, 600);  // after initial reveal and curtain cut

                context.on('enter.intro', function() {
                    var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                    if (ids.length === 1 && ids[0] === _washingtonSegmentID) {
                        continueTo(multiSelect);
                    }
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
                        !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
                        !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
                        !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
                        !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
                        return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function multiSelect() {
                if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
                    !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
                    return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
                }

                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                var hasWashington = ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1;
                var hasTwelfth = ids.indexOf(twelfthAvenueID) !== -1;

                if (hasWashington && hasTwelfth) {
                    return continueTo(multiRightClick);
                } else if (!hasWashington && !hasTwelfth) {
                    return continueTo(didSplit);
                }

                context.map().centerZoomEase(twelfthAvenue, 18, 500);

                timeout(function() {
                    var selected, other, padding, box;
                    if (hasWashington) {
                        selected = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
                        other = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
                        padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                        box = pad(twelfthAvenueEnd, padding, context);
                        box.width *= 3;
                    } else {
                        selected = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
                        other = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
                        padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                        box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
                        box.width /= 2;
                    }

                    reveal(box,
                        helpString('intro.lines.multi_select',
                            { selected: selected, other1: other }) + ' ' +
                        helpString('intro.lines.add_to_selection_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'touch'),
                            { selected: selected, other2: other })
                    );

                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        if (hasWashington) {
                            selected = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
                            other = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
                            padding = 60 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                            box = pad(twelfthAvenueEnd, padding, context);
                            box.width *= 3;
                        } else {
                            selected = _t('intro.graph.name.12th-avenue');
                            other = _t('intro.graph.name.washington-street');
                            padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                            box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
                            box.width /= 2;
                        }

                        reveal(box,
                            helpString('intro.lines.multi_select',
                                { selected: selected, other1: other }) + ' ' +
                            helpString('intro.lines.add_to_selection_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'touch'),
                                { selected: selected, other2: other }),
                            { duration: 0 }
                        );
                    });

                    context.on('enter.intro', function() {
                        continueTo(multiSelect);
                    });

                    context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                        if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
                            !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
                            !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
                            !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
                            !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
                            return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
                        }
                    });
                }, 600);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function multiRightClick() {
                if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
                    !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
                    return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
                }

                var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);

                var rightClickString = helpString('intro.lines.multi_select_success') +
                    helpString('intro.lines.multi_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick' : 'edit_menu_touch'));
                reveal(box, rightClickString);

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                    var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
                    reveal(box, rightClickString, { duration: 0 });
                });

                context.ui().editMenu().on('toggled.intro', function(open) {
                    if (!open) { return; }

                    timeout(function() {
                        var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                        if (ids.length === 2 &&
                            ids.indexOf(twelfthAvenueID) !== -1 &&
                            ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1) {
                                var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
                                if (!node) { return; }
                                continueTo(multiDelete);
                        } else if (ids.length === 1 &&
                            ids.indexOf(_washingtonSegmentID) !== -1) {
                            return continueTo(multiSelect);
                        } else {
                            return continueTo(didSplit);
                        }
                    }, 300);  // after edit menu visible
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
                        !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
                        !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
                        !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
                        !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
                        return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.ui().editMenu().on('toggled.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function multiDelete() {
                if (!_washingtonSegmentID ||
                    !context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(washingtonStreetID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID) ||
                    !context.hasEntity(eleventhAvenueEndID)) {
                    return continueTo(rightClickIntersection);
                }

                var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'delete').node();
                if (!node) { return continueTo(multiRightClick); }

                reveal('.edit-menu',
                    helpString('intro.lines.multi_delete'),
                    { padding: 50 }
                );

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    reveal('.edit-menu',
                        helpString('intro.lines.multi_delete'),
                        { duration: 0, padding: 50 }
                    );
                });

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    if (context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID)) {
                        return continueTo(multiSelect);  // left select mode but roads still exist
                    }
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    if (context.hasEntity(_washingtonSegmentID) || context.hasEntity(twelfthAvenueID)) {
                        continueTo(retryDelete);         // changed something but roads still exist
                    } else {
                        continueTo(play);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function retryDelete() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

                var padding = 200 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 18);
                var box = pad(twelfthAvenue, padding, context);
                reveal(box, helpString('intro.lines.retry_delete'), {
                    buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                    buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(multiSelect); }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function play() {
                dispatch$1.call('done');
                reveal('.ideditor',
                    helpString('intro.lines.play', { next: _t('intro.buildings.title') }), {
                        tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-building',
                        buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                        buttonCallback: function() { reveal('.ideditor'); }
                    }
                );
           }


            chapter.enter = function() {
                addLine();
            };


            chapter.exit = function() {
                timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
                select(window).on('pointerdown.intro mousedown.intro', null, true);
                context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
            };


            chapter.restart = function() {
                chapter.exit();
                chapter.enter();
            };


            return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiIntroBuilding(context, reveal) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done');
            var house = [-85.62815, 41.95638];
            var tank = [-85.62732, 41.95347];
            var buildingCatetory = _mainPresetIndex.item('category-building');
            var housePreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('building/house');
            var tankPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item('man_made/storage_tank');
            var timeouts = [];
            var _houseID = null;
            var _tankID = null;


            var chapter = {
                title: 'intro.buildings.title'
            };


            function timeout(f, t) {
                timeouts.push(window.setTimeout(f, t));
            }


            function eventCancel() {
                event.stopPropagation();
                event.preventDefault();
            }


            function revealHouse(center, text, options) {
                var padding = 160 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 20);
                var box = pad(center, padding, context);
                reveal(box, text, options);
            }


            function revealTank(center, text, options) {
                var padding = 190 * Math.pow(2, context.map().zoom() - 19.5);
                var box = pad(center, padding, context);
                reveal(box, text, options);
            }


            function addHouse() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().reset('initial');
                _houseID = null;

                var msec = transitionTime(house, context.map().center());
                if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
                context.map().centerZoomEase(house, 19, msec);

                timeout(function() {
                    var tooltip = reveal('button.add-area',
                        helpString('intro.buildings.add_building'));

                    tooltip.selectAll('.popover-inner')
                        .insert('svg', 'span')
                        .attr('class', 'tooltip-illustration')
                        .append('use')
                        .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-graphic-buildings');

                    context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                        if (mode.id !== 'add-area') { return; }
                        continueTo(startHouse);
                    });
                }, msec + 100);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function startHouse() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
                    return continueTo(addHouse);
                }

                _houseID = null;
                context.map().zoomEase(20, 500);

                timeout(function() {
                    var startString = helpString('intro.buildings.start_building') +
                        helpString('intro.buildings.building_corner_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap'));
                    revealHouse(house, startString);

                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        revealHouse(house, startString, { duration: 0 });
                    });

                    context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                        if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') { return chapter.restart(); }
                        continueTo(continueHouse);
                    });

                }, 550);  // after easing

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function continueHouse() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
                    return continueTo(addHouse);
                }

                _houseID = null;

                var continueString = helpString('intro.buildings.continue_building') + '{br}' +
                    helpString('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) +
                    helpString('intro.buildings.finish_building');

                revealHouse(house, continueString);

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    revealHouse(house, continueString, { duration: 0 });
                });

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
                        return;
                    } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
                        var graph = context.graph();
                        var way = context.entity(context.selectedIDs()[0]);
                        var nodes = graph.childNodes(way);
                        var points = utilArrayUniq(nodes)
                            .map(function(n) { return context.projection(n.loc); });

                        if (isMostlySquare(points)) {
                            _houseID = way.id;
                            return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
                        } else {
                            return continueTo(retryHouse);
                        }

                    } else {
                        return chapter.restart();
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function retryHouse() {
                var onClick = function() { continueTo(addHouse); };

                revealHouse(house, helpString('intro.buildings.retry_building'),
                    { buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                );

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    revealHouse(house, helpString('intro.buildings.retry_building'),
                        { duration: 0, buttonText: _t('intro.ok'), buttonCallback: onClick }
                    );
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function chooseCategoryBuilding() {
                if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
                    return addHouse();
                }
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
                }

                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                timeout(function() {
                    // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');

                    var button = context.container().select('.preset-category-building .preset-list-button');

                    reveal(button.node(),
                        helpString('intro.buildings.choose_category_building', { category: buildingCatetory.name() })
                    );

                    button.on('click.intro', function() {
                        button.on('click.intro', null);
                        continueTo(choosePresetHouse);
                    });

                }, 400);  // after preset list pane visible..


                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
                        return continueTo(addHouse);
                    }
                    var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                    if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
                        return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function choosePresetHouse() {
                if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
                    return addHouse();
                }
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
                }

                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                timeout(function() {
                    // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');

                    var button = context.container().select('.preset-building-house .preset-list-button');

                    reveal(button.node(),
                        helpString('intro.buildings.choose_preset_house', { preset: housePreset.name() }),
                        { duration: 300 }
                    );

                    button.on('click.intro', function() {
                        button.on('click.intro', null);
                        continueTo(closeEditorHouse);
                    });

                }, 400);  // after preset list pane visible..

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
                        return continueTo(addHouse);
                    }
                    var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                    if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
                        return continueTo(chooseCategoryBuilding);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.preset-list-button').on('click.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function closeEditorHouse() {
                if (!_houseID || !context.hasEntity(_houseID)) {
                    return addHouse();
                }
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _houseID) {
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_houseID]));
                }

                context.history().checkpoint('hasHouse');

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(rightClickHouse);
                });

                timeout(function() {
                    reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
                        helpString('intro.buildings.close', { button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'pre-text') })
                    );
                }, 500);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function rightClickHouse() {
                if (!_houseID) { return chapter.restart(); }

                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().reset('hasHouse');
                var zoom = context.map().zoom();
                if (zoom < 20) {
                    zoom = 20;
                }
                context.map().centerZoomEase(house, zoom, 500);

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id !== 'select') { return; }
                    var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                    if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _houseID) { return; }

                    timeout(function() {
                        var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
                        if (!node) { return; }
                        continueTo(clickSquare);
                    }, 50);  // after menu visible
                });

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    var rightclickString = helpString('intro.buildings.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_building' : 'edit_menu_building_touch'));
                    revealHouse(house, rightclickString, { duration: 0 });
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(rightClickHouse);
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function clickSquare() {
                if (!_houseID) { return chapter.restart(); }
                var entity = context.hasEntity(_houseID);
                if (!entity) { return continueTo(rightClickHouse); }

                var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
                if (!node) { return continueTo(rightClickHouse); }

                var wasChanged = false;

                reveal('.edit-menu',
                    helpString('intro.buildings.square_building'),
                    { padding: 50 }
                );

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id === 'browse') {
                        continueTo(rightClickHouse);
                    } else if (mode.id === 'move' || mode.id === 'rotate') {
                        continueTo(retryClickSquare);
                    }
                });

                context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
                    var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'orthogonalize').node();
                    if (!wasChanged && !node) { return continueTo(rightClickHouse); }

                    reveal('.edit-menu',
                        helpString('intro.buildings.square_building'),
                        { duration: 0, padding: 50 }
                    );
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    wasChanged = true;
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);

                    // Something changed.  Wait for transition to complete and check undo annotation.
                    timeout(function() {
                        if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.orthogonalize.annotation.feature.single')) {
                            continueTo(doneSquare);
                        } else {
                            continueTo(retryClickSquare);
                        }
                    }, 500);  // after transitioned actions
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.map().on('move.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function retryClickSquare() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

                revealHouse(house, helpString('intro.buildings.retry_square'), {
                    buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                    buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(rightClickHouse); }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function doneSquare() {
                context.history().checkpoint('doneSquare');

                revealHouse(house, helpString('intro.buildings.done_square'), {
                    buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                    buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(addTank); }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function addTank() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().reset('doneSquare');
                _tankID = null;

                var msec = transitionTime(tank, context.map().center());
                if (msec) { reveal(null, null, { duration: 0 }); }
                context.map().centerZoomEase(tank, 19.5, msec);

                timeout(function() {
                    reveal('button.add-area',
                        helpString('intro.buildings.add_tank')
                    );

                    context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                        if (mode.id !== 'add-area') { return; }
                        continueTo(startTank);
                    });
                }, msec + 100);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function startTank() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'add-area') {
                    return continueTo(addTank);
                }

                _tankID = null;

                timeout(function() {
                    var startString = helpString('intro.buildings.start_tank') +
                        helpString('intro.buildings.tank_edge_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap'));
                    revealTank(tank, startString);

                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        revealTank(tank, startString, { duration: 0 });
                    });

                    context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                        if (mode.id !== 'draw-area') { return chapter.restart(); }
                        continueTo(continueTank);
                    });

                }, 550);  // after easing

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function continueTank() {
                if (context.mode().id !== 'draw-area') {
                    return continueTo(addTank);
                }

                _tankID = null;

                var continueString = helpString('intro.buildings.continue_tank') + '{br}' +
                    helpString('intro.areas.finish_area_' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'click' : 'tap')) +
                    helpString('intro.buildings.finish_tank');

                revealTank(tank, continueString);

                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                    revealTank(tank, continueString, { duration: 0 });
                });

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id === 'draw-area') {
                        return;
                    } else if (mode.id === 'select') {
                        _tankID = context.selectedIDs()[0];
                        return continueTo(searchPresetTank);
                    } else {
                        return continueTo(addTank);
                    }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function searchPresetTank() {
                if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
                    return addTank();
                }
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
                }

                // disallow scrolling
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                timeout(function() {
                    // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');

                    context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
                        .on('keydown.intro', null)
                        .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);

                    reveal('.preset-search-input',
                        helpString('intro.buildings.search_tank', { preset: tankPreset.name() })
                    );
                }, 400);  // after preset list pane visible..

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
                        return continueTo(addTank);
                    }

                    var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                    if (mode.id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
                        // keep the user's area selected..
                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));

                        // reset pane, in case user somehow happened to change it..
                        context.container().select('.inspector-wrap .panewrap').style('right', '-100%');
                        // disallow scrolling
                        context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', eventCancel);

                        context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
                            .on('keydown.intro', null)
                            .on('keyup.intro', checkPresetSearch);

                        reveal('.preset-search-input',
                            helpString('intro.buildings.search_tank', { preset: tankPreset.name() })
                        );

                        context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    }
                });

                function checkPresetSearch() {
                    var first = context.container().select('.preset-list-item:first-child');

                    if (first.classed('preset-man_made-storage_tank')) {
                        reveal(first.select('.preset-list-button').node(),
                            helpString('intro.buildings.choose_tank', { preset: tankPreset.name() }),
                            { duration: 300 }
                        );

                        context.container().select('.preset-search-input')
                            .on('keydown.intro', eventCancel, true)
                            .on('keyup.intro', null);

                        context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                            continueTo(closeEditorTank);
                        });
                    }
                }

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function closeEditorTank() {
                if (!_tankID || !context.hasEntity(_tankID)) {
                    return addTank();
                }
                var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                if (context.mode().id !== 'select' || !ids.length || ids[0] !== _tankID) {
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, [_tankID]));
                }

                context.history().checkpoint('hasTank');

                context.on('exit.intro', function() {
                    continueTo(rightClickTank);
                });

                timeout(function() {
                    reveal('.entity-editor-pane',
                        helpString('intro.buildings.close', { button: icon('#iD-icon-close', 'pre-text') })
                    );
                }, 500);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('exit.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function rightClickTank() {
                if (!_tankID) { return continueTo(addTank); }

                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().reset('hasTank');
                context.map().centerEase(tank, 500);

                timeout(function() {
                    context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                        if (mode.id !== 'select') { return; }
                        var ids = context.selectedIDs();
                        if (ids.length !== 1 || ids[0] !== _tankID) { return; }

                        timeout(function() {
                            var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
                            if (!node) { return; }
                            continueTo(clickCircle);
                        }, 50);  // after menu visible
                    });

                    var rightclickString = helpString('intro.buildings.' + (context.lastPointerType() === 'mouse' ? 'rightclick_tank' : 'edit_menu_tank_touch'));

                    revealTank(tank, rightclickString);

                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', function() {
                        revealTank(tank, rightclickString, { duration: 0 });
                    });

                    context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                        continueTo(rightClickTank);
                    });

                }, 600);

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function clickCircle() {
                if (!_tankID) { return chapter.restart(); }
                var entity = context.hasEntity(_tankID);
                if (!entity) { return continueTo(rightClickTank); }

                var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
                if (!node) { return continueTo(rightClickTank); }

                var wasChanged = false;

                reveal('.edit-menu',
                    helpString('intro.buildings.circle_tank'),
                    { padding: 50 }
                );

                context.on('enter.intro', function(mode) {
                    if (mode.id === 'browse') {
                        continueTo(rightClickTank);
                    } else if (mode.id === 'move' || mode.id === 'rotate') {
                        continueTo(retryClickCircle);
                    }
                });

                context.map().on('move.intro', function() {
                    var node = selectMenuItem(context, 'circularize').node();
                    if (!wasChanged && !node) { return continueTo(rightClickTank); }

                    reveal('.edit-menu',
                        helpString('intro.buildings.circle_tank'),
                        { duration: 0, padding: 50 }
                    );
                });

                context.history().on('change.intro', function() {
                    wasChanged = true;
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);

                    // Something changed.  Wait for transition to complete and check undo annotation.
                    timeout(function() {
                        if (context.history().undoAnnotation() === _t('operations.circularize.annotation.single')) {
                            continueTo(play);
                        } else {
                            continueTo(retryClickCircle);
                        }
                    }, 500);  // after transitioned actions
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    context.on('enter.intro', null);
                    context.map().on('move.intro', null);
                    context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function retryClickCircle() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

                revealTank(tank, helpString('intro.buildings.retry_circle'), {
                    buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                    buttonCallback: function() { continueTo(rightClickTank); }
                });

                function continueTo(nextStep) {
                    nextStep();
                }
            }


            function play() {
                dispatch$1.call('done');
                reveal('.ideditor',
                    helpString('intro.buildings.play', { next: _t('intro.startediting.title') }), {
                        tooltipBox: '.intro-nav-wrap .chapter-startEditing',
                        buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                        buttonCallback: function() { reveal('.ideditor'); }
                    }
                );
            }


            chapter.enter = function() {
                addHouse();
            };


            chapter.exit = function() {
                timeouts.forEach(window.clearTimeout);
                context.on('enter.intro exit.intro', null);
                context.map().on('move.intro drawn.intro', null);
                context.history().on('change.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.inspector-wrap').on('wheel.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.preset-search-input').on('keydown.intro keyup.intro', null);
                context.container().select('.more-fields .combobox-input').on('click.intro', null);
            };


            chapter.restart = function() {
                chapter.exit();
                chapter.enter();
            };


            return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiIntroStartEditing(context, reveal) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('done', 'startEditing');
            var modalSelection = select(null);


            var chapter = {
                title: 'intro.startediting.title'
            };

            function showHelp() {
                reveal('.map-control.help-control',
                    helpString('intro.startediting.help'), {
                        buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                        buttonCallback: function() { shortcuts(); }
                    }
                );
            }

            function shortcuts() {
                reveal('.map-control.help-control',
                    helpString('intro.startediting.shortcuts'), {
                        buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                        buttonCallback: function() { showSave(); }
                    }
                );
            }

            function showSave() {
                context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove();  // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
                reveal('.top-toolbar button.save',
                    helpString('intro.startediting.save'), {
                        buttonText: _t('intro.ok'),
                        buttonCallback: function() { showStart(); }
                    }
                );
            }

            function showStart() {
                context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove();  // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts

                modalSelection = uiModal(context.container());

                modalSelection.select('.modal')
                    .attr('class', 'modal-splash modal');

                modalSelection.selectAll('.close').remove();

                var startbutton = modalSelection.select('.content')
                    .attr('class', 'fillL')
                    .append('button')
                        .attr('class', 'modal-section huge-modal-button')
                        .on('click', function() {
                            modalSelection.remove();
                        });

                    startbutton
                        .append('svg')
                        .attr('class', 'illustration')
                        .append('use')
                        .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');

                    startbutton
                        .append('h2')
                        .text(_t('intro.startediting.start'));

                dispatch$1.call('startEditing');
            }


            chapter.enter = function() {
                showHelp();
            };


            chapter.exit = function() {
                modalSelection.remove();
                context.container().selectAll('.shaded').remove();  // in case user opened keyboard shortcuts
            };


            return utilRebind(chapter, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        var chapterUi = {
          welcome: uiIntroWelcome,
          navigation: uiIntroNavigation,
          point: uiIntroPoint,
          area: uiIntroArea,
          line: uiIntroLine,
          building: uiIntroBuilding,
          startEditing: uiIntroStartEditing
        };

        var chapterFlow = [
          'welcome',
          'navigation',
          'point',
          'area',
          'line',
          'building',
          'startEditing'
        ];


        function uiIntro(context) {
          var INTRO_IMAGERY = 'EsriWorldImageryClarity';
          var _introGraph = {};
          var _currChapter;


          function intro(selection) {
            _mainFileFetcher.get('intro_graph')
              .then(function (dataIntroGraph) {
                // create entities for intro graph and localize names
                for (var id in dataIntroGraph) {
                  if (!_introGraph[id]) {
                    _introGraph[id] = osmEntity(localize(dataIntroGraph[id]));
                  }
                }
                selection.call(startIntro);
              })
              .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
          }


          function startIntro(selection) {
            context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

            // Save current map state
            var osm = context.connection();
            var history = context.history().toJSON();
            var hash = window.location.hash;
            var center = context.map().center();
            var zoom = context.map().zoom();
            var background = context.background().baseLayerSource();
            var overlays = context.background().overlayLayerSources();
            var opacity = context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity');
            var caches = osm && osm.caches();
            var baseEntities = context.history().graph().base().entities;

            // Show sidebar and disable the sidebar resizing button
            // (this needs to be before `context.inIntro(true)`)
            context.ui().sidebar.expand();
            context.container().selectAll('button.sidebar-toggle').classed('disabled', true);

            // Block saving
            context.inIntro(true);

            // Load semi-real data used in intro
            if (osm) { osm.toggle(false).reset(); }
            context.history().reset();
            context.history().merge(Object.values(coreGraph().load(_introGraph).entities));
            context.history().checkpoint('initial');

            // Setup imagery
            var imagery = context.background().findSource(INTRO_IMAGERY);
            if (imagery) {
              context.background().baseLayerSource(imagery);
            } else {
              context.background().bing();
            }
            overlays.forEach(function (d) { return context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d); });

            // Setup data layers (only OSM)
            var layers = context.layers();
            layers.all().forEach(function (item) {
              // if the layer has the function `enabled`
              if (typeof item.layer.enabled === 'function') {
                item.layer.enabled(item.id === 'osm');
              }
            });


            context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity', 1);

            var curtain = uiCurtain(context.container().node());
            selection.call(curtain);

            // Store that the user started the walkthrough..
            corePreferences('walkthrough_started', 'yes');

            // Restore previous walkthrough progress..
            var storedProgress = corePreferences('walkthrough_progress') || '';
            var progress = storedProgress.split(';').filter(Boolean);

            var chapters = chapterFlow.map(function (chapter, i) {
              var s = chapterUi[chapter](context, curtain.reveal)
                .on('done', function () {

                  buttons
                    .filter(function (d) { return d.title === s.title; })
                    .classed('finished', true);

                  if (i < chapterFlow.length - 1) {
                    var next = chapterFlow[i + 1];
                    context.container().select(("button.chapter-" + next))
                      .classed('next', true);
                  }

                  // Store walkthrough progress..
                  progress.push(chapter);
                  corePreferences('walkthrough_progress', utilArrayUniq(progress).join(';'));
                });
              return s;
            });

            chapters[chapters.length - 1].on('startEditing', function () {
              // Store walkthrough progress..
              progress.push('startEditing');
              corePreferences('walkthrough_progress', utilArrayUniq(progress).join(';'));

              // Store if walkthrough is completed..
              var incomplete = utilArrayDifference(chapterFlow, progress);
              if (!incomplete.length) {
                corePreferences('walkthrough_completed', 'yes');
              }

              curtain.remove();
              navwrap.remove();
              context.container().selectAll('.main-map .layer-background').style('opacity', opacity);
              context.container().selectAll('button.sidebar-toggle').classed('disabled', false);
              if (osm) { osm.toggle(true).reset().caches(caches); }
              context.history().reset().merge(Object.values(baseEntities));
              context.background().baseLayerSource(background);
              overlays.forEach(function (d) { return context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d); });
              if (history) { context.history().fromJSON(history, false); }
              context.map().centerZoom(center, zoom);
              window.location.replace(hash);
              context.inIntro(false);
            });

            var navwrap = selection
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'intro-nav-wrap fillD');

            navwrap
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'intro-nav-wrap-logo')
              .append('use')
              .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');

            var buttonwrap = navwrap
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'joined')
              .selectAll('button.chapter');

            var buttons = buttonwrap
              .data(chapters)
              .enter()
              .append('button')
              .attr('class', function (d, i) { return ("chapter chapter-" + (chapterFlow[i])); })
              .on('click', enterChapter);

            buttons
              .append('span')
              .text(function (d) { return _t(d.title); });

            buttons
              .append('span')
              .attr('class', 'status')
              .call(svgIcon((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'), 'inline'));

            enterChapter(chapters[0]);


            function enterChapter(newChapter) {
              if (_currChapter) { _currChapter.exit(); }
              context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

              _currChapter = newChapter;
              _currChapter.enter();

              buttons
                .classed('next', false)
                .classed('active', function (d) { return d.title === _currChapter.title; });
            }
          }


          return intro;
        }

        function uiIssuesInfo(context) {

            var warningsItem = {
                id: 'warnings',
                count: 0,
                iconID: 'iD-icon-alert',
                descriptionID: 'issues.warnings_and_errors'
            };

            var resolvedItem = {
                id: 'resolved',
                count: 0,
                iconID: 'iD-icon-apply',
                descriptionID: 'issues.user_resolved_issues'
            };

            function update(selection) {

                var shownItems = [];

                var liveIssues = context.validator().getIssues({
                    what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
                    where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
                });
                if (liveIssues.length) {
                    warningsItem.count = liveIssues.length;
                    shownItems.push(warningsItem);
                }

                if (corePreferences('validate-what') === 'all') {
                    var resolvedIssues = context.validator().getResolvedIssues();
                    if (resolvedIssues.length) {
                        resolvedItem.count = resolvedIssues.length;
                        shownItems.push(resolvedItem);
                    }
                }

                var chips = selection.selectAll('.chip')
                    .data(shownItems, function(d) {
                        return d.id;
                    });

                chips.exit().remove();

                var enter = chips.enter()
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', function(d) {
                        return 'chip ' + d.id + '-count';
                    })
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .each(function(d) {

                        var chipSelection = select(this);

                        var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
                            .placement('top')
                            .title(_t(d.descriptionID));

                        chipSelection
                            .call(tooltipBehavior)
                            .on('click', function() {
                                event.preventDefault();

                                tooltipBehavior.hide(select(this));
                                // open the Issues pane
                                context.ui().togglePanes(context.container().select('.map-panes .issues-pane'));
                            });

                        chipSelection.call(svgIcon('#' + d.iconID));

                    });

                enter.append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'count');

                enter.merge(chips)
                    .selectAll('span.count')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        return d.count.toString();
                    });
            }


            return function(selection) {
                update(selection);

                context.validator().on('validated.infobox', function() {
                    update(selection);
                });
            };
        }

        // import { utilGetDimensions } from '../util/dimensions';


        function uiMapInMap(context) {

            function mapInMap(selection) {
                var backgroundLayer = rendererTileLayer(context);
                var overlayLayers = {};
                var projection = geoRawMercator();
                var dataLayer = svgData(projection, context).showLabels(false);
                var debugLayer = svgDebug(projection, context);
                var zoom = d3_zoom()
                    .scaleExtent([geoZoomToScale(0.5), geoZoomToScale(24)])
                    .on('start', zoomStarted)
                    .on('zoom', zoomed)
                    .on('end', zoomEnded);

                var wrap = select(null);
                var tiles = select(null);
                var viewport = select(null);

                var _isTransformed = false;
                var _isHidden = true;
                var _skipEvents = false;
                var _gesture = null;
                var _zDiff = 6;    // by default, minimap renders at (main zoom - 6)
                var _dMini;        // dimensions of minimap
                var _cMini;        // center pixel of minimap
                var _tStart;       // transform at start of gesture
                var _tCurr;        // transform at most recent event
                var _timeoutID;


                function zoomStarted() {
                    if (_skipEvents) { return; }
                    _tStart = _tCurr = projection.transform();
                    _gesture = null;
                }


                function zoomed() {
                    if (_skipEvents) { return; }

                    var x = event.transform.x;
                    var y = event.transform.y;
                    var k = event.transform.k;
                    var isZooming = (k !== _tStart.k);
                    var isPanning = (x !== _tStart.x || y !== _tStart.y);

                    if (!isZooming && !isPanning) {
                        return;  // no change
                    }

                    // lock in either zooming or panning, don't allow both in minimap.
                    if (!_gesture) {
                        _gesture = isZooming ? 'zoom' : 'pan';
                    }

                    var tMini = projection.transform();
                    var tX, tY, scale;

                    if (_gesture === 'zoom') {
                        scale = k / tMini.k;
                        tX = (_cMini[0] / scale - _cMini[0]) * scale;
                        tY = (_cMini[1] / scale - _cMini[1]) * scale;
                    } else {
                        k = tMini.k;
                        scale = 1;
                        tX = x - tMini.x;
                        tY = y - tMini.y;
                    }

                    utilSetTransform(tiles, tX, tY, scale);
                    utilSetTransform(viewport, 0, 0, scale);
                    _isTransformed = true;
                    _tCurr = identity$2.translate(x, y).scale(k);

                    var zMain = geoScaleToZoom(context.projection.scale());
                    var zMini = geoScaleToZoom(k);

                    _zDiff = zMain - zMini;

                    queueRedraw();
                }


                function zoomEnded() {
                    if (_skipEvents) { return; }
                    if (_gesture !== 'pan') { return; }

                    updateProjection();
                    _gesture = null;
                    context.map().center(projection.invert(_cMini));   // recenter main map..
                }


                function updateProjection() {
                    var loc = context.map().center();
                    var tMain = context.projection.transform();
                    var zMain = geoScaleToZoom(tMain.k);
                    var zMini = Math.max(zMain - _zDiff, 0.5);
                    var kMini = geoZoomToScale(zMini);

                    projection
                        .translate([tMain.x, tMain.y])
                        .scale(kMini);

                    var point = projection(loc);
                    var mouse = (_gesture === 'pan') ? geoVecSubtract([_tCurr.x, _tCurr.y], [_tStart.x, _tStart.y]) : [0, 0];
                    var xMini = _cMini[0] - point[0] + tMain.x + mouse[0];
                    var yMini = _cMini[1] - point[1] + tMain.y + mouse[1];

                    projection
                        .translate([xMini, yMini])
                        .clipExtent([[0, 0], _dMini]);

                    _tCurr = projection.transform();

                    if (_isTransformed) {
                        utilSetTransform(tiles, 0, 0);
                        utilSetTransform(viewport, 0, 0);
                        _isTransformed = false;
                    }

                    zoom
                        .scaleExtent([geoZoomToScale(0.5), geoZoomToScale(zMain - 3)]);

                    _skipEvents = true;
                    wrap.call(zoom.transform, _tCurr);
                    _skipEvents = false;
                }


                function redraw() {
                    clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
                    if (_isHidden) { return; }

                    updateProjection();
                    var zMini = geoScaleToZoom(projection.scale());

                    // setup tile container
                    tiles = wrap
                        .selectAll('.map-in-map-tiles')
                        .data([0]);

                    tiles = tiles.enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'map-in-map-tiles')
                        .merge(tiles);

                    // redraw background
                    backgroundLayer
                        .source(context.background().baseLayerSource())
                        .projection(projection)
                        .dimensions(_dMini);

                    var background = tiles
                        .selectAll('.map-in-map-background')
                        .data([0]);

                    background.enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'map-in-map-background')
                        .merge(background)
                        .call(backgroundLayer);


                    // redraw overlay
                    var overlaySources = context.background().overlayLayerSources();
                    var activeOverlayLayers = [];
                    for (var i = 0; i < overlaySources.length; i++) {
                        if (overlaySources[i].validZoom(zMini)) {
                            if (!overlayLayers[i]) { overlayLayers[i] = rendererTileLayer(context); }
                            activeOverlayLayers.push(overlayLayers[i]
                                .source(overlaySources[i])
                                .projection(projection)
                                .dimensions(_dMini));
                        }
                    }

                    var overlay = tiles
                        .selectAll('.map-in-map-overlay')
                        .data([0]);

                    overlay = overlay.enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'map-in-map-overlay')
                        .merge(overlay);


                    var overlays = overlay
                        .selectAll('div')
                        .data(activeOverlayLayers, function(d) { return d.source().name(); });

                    overlays.exit()
                        .remove();

                    overlays = overlays.enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .merge(overlays)
                        .each(function(layer) { select(this).call(layer); });


                    var dataLayers = tiles
                        .selectAll('.map-in-map-data')
                        .data([0]);

                    dataLayers.exit()
                        .remove();

                    dataLayers = dataLayers.enter()
                        .append('svg')
                        .attr('class', 'map-in-map-data')
                        .merge(dataLayers)
                        .call(dataLayer)
                        .call(debugLayer);


                    // redraw viewport bounding box
                    if (_gesture !== 'pan') {
                        var getPath = d3_geoPath(projection);
                        var bbox = { type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [context.map().extent().polygon()] };

                        viewport = wrap.selectAll('.map-in-map-viewport')
                            .data([0]);

                        viewport = viewport.enter()
                            .append('svg')
                            .attr('class', 'map-in-map-viewport')
                            .merge(viewport);


                        var path = viewport.selectAll('.map-in-map-bbox')
                            .data([bbox]);

                        path.enter()
                            .append('path')
                            .attr('class', 'map-in-map-bbox')
                            .merge(path)
                            .attr('d', getPath)
                            .classed('thick', function(d) { return getPath.area(d) < 30; });
                    }
                }


                function queueRedraw() {
                    clearTimeout(_timeoutID);
                    _timeoutID = setTimeout(function() { redraw(); }, 750);
                }


                function toggle() {
                    if (event) { event.preventDefault(); }

                    _isHidden = !_isHidden;

                    context.container().select('.minimap-toggle-item')
                        .classed('active', !_isHidden)
                        .select('input')
                        .property('checked', !_isHidden);

                    if (_isHidden) {
                        wrap
                            .style('display', 'block')
                            .style('opacity', '1')
                            .transition()
                            .duration(200)
                            .style('opacity', '0')
                            .on('end', function() {
                                selection.selectAll('.map-in-map')
                                    .style('display', 'none');
                            });
                    } else {
                        wrap
                            .style('display', 'block')
                            .style('opacity', '0')
                            .transition()
                            .duration(200)
                            .style('opacity', '1')
                            .on('end', function() {
                                redraw();
                            });
                    }
                }


                uiMapInMap.toggle = toggle;

                wrap = selection.selectAll('.map-in-map')
                    .data([0]);

                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'map-in-map')
                    .style('display', (_isHidden ? 'none' : 'block'))
                    .call(zoom)
                    .on('dblclick.zoom', null)
                    .merge(wrap);

                // reflow warning: Hardcode dimensions - currently can't resize it anyway..
                _dMini = [200,150]; //utilGetDimensions(wrap);
                _cMini = geoVecScale(_dMini, 0.5);

                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.map-in-map', function(drawn) {
                        if (drawn.full === true) {
                            redraw();
                        }
                    });

                redraw();

                context.keybinding()
                    .on(_t('background.minimap.key'), toggle);
            }

            return mapInMap;
        }

        function uiNotice(context) {

            return function(selection) {
                var div = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'notice');

                var button = div
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'zoom-to notice fillD')
                    .on('click', function() {
                        context.map().zoomEase(context.minEditableZoom());
                    })
                    .on('wheel', function() {   // let wheel events pass through #4482
                        var e2 = new WheelEvent(event.type, event);
                        context.surface().node().dispatchEvent(e2);
                    });

                button
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'pre-text'))
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'label')
                    .text(_t('zoom_in_edit'));


                function disableTooHigh() {
                    var canEdit = context.map().zoom() >= context.minEditableZoom();
                    div.style('display', canEdit ? 'none' : 'block');
                }

                context.map()
                    .on('move.notice', debounce(disableTooHigh, 500));

                disableTooHigh();
            };
        }

        function uiPhotoviewer(context) {

            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('resize');

            var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';

            function photoviewer(selection) {
                selection
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'thumb-hide')
                    .on('click', function () {
                        if (services.streetside) { services.streetside.hideViewer(context); }
                        if (services.mapillary) { services.mapillary.hideViewer(context); }
                        if (services.openstreetcam) { services.openstreetcam.hideViewer(context); }
                    })
                    .append('div')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

                function preventDefault() {
                    event.preventDefault();
                }

                selection
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'resize-handle-xy')
                    .on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault)
                    .on(
                        _pointerPrefix + 'down',
                        buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch$1, { resizeOnX: true, resizeOnY: true })
                    );

                selection
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'resize-handle-x')
                    .on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault)
                    .on(
                        _pointerPrefix + 'down',
                        buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch$1, { resizeOnX: true })
                    );

                selection
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'resize-handle-y')
                    .on('touchstart touchdown touchend', preventDefault)
                    .on(
                        _pointerPrefix + 'down',
                        buildResizeListener(selection, 'resize', dispatch$1, { resizeOnY: true })
                    );

                services.streetside.loadViewer(context);
                services.mapillary.loadViewer(context);
                services.openstreetcam.loadViewer(context);

                function buildResizeListener(target, eventName, dispatch, options) {

                    var resizeOnX = !!options.resizeOnX;
                    var resizeOnY = !!options.resizeOnY;
                    var minHeight = options.minHeight || 240;
                    var minWidth = options.minWidth || 320;
                    var pointerId;
                    var startX;
                    var startY;
                    var startWidth;
                    var startHeight;

                    function startResize() {
                        if (pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) { return; }

                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();

                        var mapSize = context.map().dimensions();

                        if (resizeOnX) {
                            var maxWidth = mapSize[0];
                            var newWidth = clamp((startWidth + event.clientX - startX), minWidth, maxWidth);
                            target.style('width', newWidth + 'px');
                        }

                        if (resizeOnY) {
                            var maxHeight = mapSize[1] - 90;  // preserve space at top/bottom of map
                            var newHeight = clamp((startHeight + startY - event.clientY), minHeight, maxHeight);
                            target.style('height', newHeight + 'px');
                        }

                        dispatch.call(eventName, target, utilGetDimensions(target, true));
                    }

                    function clamp(num, min, max) {
                        return Math.max(min, Math.min(num, max));
                    }

                    function stopResize() {
                        if (pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) { return; }

                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();

                        // remove all the listeners we added
                        select(window)
                            .on('.' + eventName, null);
                    }

                    return function initResize() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();

                        pointerId = event.pointerId || 'mouse';

                        startX = event.clientX;
                        startY = event.clientY;
                        var targetRect = target.node().getBoundingClientRect();
                        startWidth = targetRect.width;
                        startHeight = targetRect.height;

                        select(window)
                            .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.' + eventName, startResize, false)
                            .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.' + eventName, stopResize, false);

                        if (_pointerPrefix === 'pointer') {
                            select(window)
                                .on('pointercancel.' + eventName, stopResize, false);
                        }
                    };
                }
            }

            photoviewer.onMapResize = function() {
                var photoviewer = context.container().select('.photoviewer');
                var content = context.container().select('.main-content');
                var mapDimensions = utilGetDimensions(content, true);
                // shrink photo viewer if it is too big
                // (-90 preserves space at top and bottom of map used by menus)
                var photoDimensions = utilGetDimensions(photoviewer, true);
                if (photoDimensions[0] > mapDimensions[0] || photoDimensions[1] > (mapDimensions[1] - 90)) {
                    var setPhotoDimensions = [
                        Math.min(photoDimensions[0], mapDimensions[0]),
                        Math.min(photoDimensions[1], mapDimensions[1] - 90) ];

                    photoviewer
                        .style('width', setPhotoDimensions[0] + 'px')
                        .style('height', setPhotoDimensions[1] + 'px');

                    dispatch$1.call('resize', photoviewer, setPhotoDimensions);
                }
            };

            return utilRebind(photoviewer, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiRestore(context) {
          return function(selection) {
            if (!context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) { return; }

            var modalSelection = uiModal(selection, true);

            modalSelection.select('.modal')
              .attr('class', 'modal fillL');

            var introModal = modalSelection.select('.content');

            introModal
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'modal-section')
              .append('h3')
              .text(_t('restore.heading'));

            introModal
              .append('div')
              .attr('class','modal-section')
              .append('p')
              .text(_t('restore.description'));

            var buttonWrap = introModal
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'modal-actions');

            var restore = buttonWrap
              .append('button')
              .attr('class', 'restore')
              .on('click', function () {
                context.history().restore();
                modalSelection.remove();
              });

            restore
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'logo logo-restore')
              .append('use')
              .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-restore');

            restore
              .append('div')
              .text(_t('restore.restore'));

            var reset = buttonWrap
              .append('button')
              .attr('class', 'reset')
              .on('click', function () {
                context.history().clearSaved();
                modalSelection.remove();
              });

            reset
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'logo logo-reset')
              .append('use')
              .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-reset');

            reset
              .append('div')
              .text(_t('restore.reset'));

            restore.node().focus();
          };
        }

        function uiScale(context) {
            var projection = context.projection,
                isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric(),
                maxLength = 180,
                tickHeight = 8;


            function scaleDefs(loc1, loc2) {
                var lat = (loc2[1] + loc1[1]) / 2,
                    conversion = (isImperial ? 3.28084 : 1),
                    dist = geoLonToMeters(loc2[0] - loc1[0], lat) * conversion,
                    scale = { dist: 0, px: 0, text: '' },
                    buckets, i, val, dLon;

                if (isImperial) {
                    buckets = [5280000, 528000, 52800, 5280, 500, 50, 5, 1];
                } else {
                    buckets = [5000000, 500000, 50000, 5000, 500, 50, 5, 1];
                }

                // determine a user-friendly endpoint for the scale
                for (i = 0; i < buckets.length; i++) {
                    val = buckets[i];
                    if (dist >= val) {
                        scale.dist = Math.floor(dist / val) * val;
                        break;
                    } else {
                        scale.dist = +dist.toFixed(2);
                    }
                }

                dLon = geoMetersToLon(scale.dist / conversion, lat);
                scale.px = Math.round(projection([loc1[0] + dLon, loc1[1]])[0]);

                scale.text = displayLength(scale.dist / conversion, isImperial);

                return scale;
            }


            function update(selection) {
                // choose loc1, loc2 along bottom of viewport (near where the scale will be drawn)
                var dims = context.map().dimensions(),
                    loc1 = projection.invert([0, dims[1]]),
                    loc2 = projection.invert([maxLength, dims[1]]),
                    scale = scaleDefs(loc1, loc2);

                selection.select('.scale-path')
                    .attr('d', 'M0.5,0.5v' + tickHeight + 'h' + scale.px + 'v-' + tickHeight);

                selection.select('.scale-textgroup')
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(' + (scale.px + 8) + ',' + tickHeight + ')');

                selection.select('.scale-text')
                    .text(scale.text);
            }


            return function(selection) {
                function switchUnits() {
                    isImperial = !isImperial;
                    selection.call(update);
                }

                var scalegroup = selection.append('svg')
                    .attr('class', 'scale')
                    .on('click', switchUnits)
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('transform', 'translate(10,11)');

                scalegroup
                    .append('path')
                    .attr('class', 'scale-path');

                scalegroup
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'scale-textgroup')
                    .append('text')
                    .attr('class', 'scale-text');

                selection.call(update);

                context.map().on('move.scale', function() {
                    update(selection);
                });
            };
        }

        function uiShortcuts(context) {
            var detected = utilDetect();
            var _activeTab = 0;
            var _modalSelection;
            var _selection = select(null);


            context.keybinding()
                .on([_t('shortcuts.toggle.key'), '?'], function () {
                    if (context.container().selectAll('.modal-shortcuts').size()) {  // already showing
                        if (_modalSelection) {
                            _modalSelection.close();
                            _modalSelection = null;
                        }
                    } else {
                        _modalSelection = uiModal(_selection);
                        _modalSelection.call(shortcutsModal);
                    }
                });


            function shortcutsModal(_modalSelection) {
                _modalSelection.select('.modal')
                    .classed('modal-shortcuts', true);

                var content = _modalSelection.select('.content');

                content
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'modal-section')
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(_t('shortcuts.title'));

                _mainFileFetcher.get('shortcuts')
                    .then(function(data) { content.call(render, data); })
                    .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
            }


            function render(selection, dataShortcuts) {
                var wrapper = selection
                    .selectAll('.wrapper')
                    .data([0]);

                var wrapperEnter = wrapper
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'wrapper modal-section');

                var tabsBar = wrapperEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'tabs-bar');

                var shortcutsList = wrapperEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'shortcuts-list');

                wrapper = wrapper.merge(wrapperEnter);

                var tabs = tabsBar
                    .selectAll('.tab')
                    .data(dataShortcuts);

                var tabsEnter = tabs
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'tab')
                    .on('click', function (d, i) {
                        _activeTab = i;
                        render(selection, dataShortcuts);
                    });

                tabsEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function (d) { return _t(d.text); });

                tabs = tabs
                    .merge(tabsEnter);

                // Update
                wrapper.selectAll('.tab')
                    .classed('active', function (d, i) {
                        return i === _activeTab;
                    });


                var shortcuts = shortcutsList
                    .selectAll('.shortcut-tab')
                    .data(dataShortcuts);

                var shortcutsEnter = shortcuts
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'shortcut-tab shortcut-tab-' + d.tab; });

                var columnsEnter = shortcutsEnter
                    .selectAll('.shortcut-column')
                    .data(function (d) { return d.columns; })
                    .enter()
                    .append('table')
                    .attr('class', 'shortcut-column');

                var rowsEnter = columnsEnter
                    .selectAll('.shortcut-row')
                    .data(function (d) { return d.rows; })
                    .enter()
                    .append('tr')
                    .attr('class', 'shortcut-row');


                var sectionRows = rowsEnter
                    .filter(function (d) { return !d.shortcuts; });

                sectionRows
                    .append('td');

                sectionRows
                    .append('td')
                    .attr('class', 'shortcut-section')
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(function (d) { return _t(d.text); });


                var shortcutRows = rowsEnter
                    .filter(function (d) { return d.shortcuts; });

                var shortcutKeys = shortcutRows
                    .append('td')
                    .attr('class', 'shortcut-keys');

                var modifierKeys = shortcutKeys
                    .filter(function (d) { return d.modifiers; });

                modifierKeys
                    .selectAll('kbd.modifier')
                    .data(function (d) {
                        if (detected.os === 'win' && d.text === 'shortcuts.editing.commands.redo') {
                            return ['⌘'];
                        } else if (detected.os !== 'mac' && d.text === 'shortcuts.browsing.display_options.fullscreen') {
                            return [];
                        } else {
                            return d.modifiers;
                        }
                    })
                    .enter()
                    .each(function () {
                        var selection = select(this);

                        selection
                            .append('kbd')
                            .attr('class', 'modifier')
                            .text(function (d) { return uiCmd.display(d); });

                        selection
                            .append('span')
                            .text('+');
                    });


                shortcutKeys
                    .selectAll('kbd.shortcut')
                    .data(function (d) {
                        var arr = d.shortcuts;
                        if (detected.os === 'win' && d.text === 'shortcuts.editing.commands.redo') {
                            arr = ['Y'];
                        } else if (detected.os !== 'mac' && d.text === 'shortcuts.browsing.display_options.fullscreen') {
                            arr = ['F11'];
                        }

                        // replace translations
                        arr = arr.map(function(s) {
                            return uiCmd.display(s.indexOf('.') !== -1 ? _t(s) : s);
                        });

                        return utilArrayUniq(arr).map(function(s) {
                            return {
                                shortcut: s,
                                separator: d.separator,
                                suffix: d.suffix
                            };
                        });
                    })
                    .enter()
                    .each(function (d, i, nodes) {
                        var selection = select(this);
                        var click = d.shortcut.toLowerCase().match(/(.*).click/);

                        if (click && click[1]) {   // replace "left_click", "right_click" with mouse icon
                            selection
                                .call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-mouse-' + click[1], 'operation'));
                        } else if (d.shortcut.toLowerCase() === 'long-press') {
                            selection
                                .call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-longpress', 'longpress operation'));
                        } else if (d.shortcut.toLowerCase() === 'tap') {
                            selection
                                .call(svgIcon('#iD-walkthrough-tap', 'tap operation'));
                        } else {
                            selection
                                .append('kbd')
                                .attr('class', 'shortcut')
                                .text(function (d) { return d.shortcut; });
                        }

                        if (i < nodes.length - 1) {
                            selection
                                .append('span')
                                .text(d.separator || '\u00a0' + _t('shortcuts.or') + '\u00a0');
                        } else if (i === nodes.length - 1 && d.suffix) {
                            selection
                                .append('span')
                                .text(d.suffix);
                        }
                    });


                shortcutKeys
                    .filter(function(d) { return d.gesture; })
                    .each(function () {
                        var selection = select(this);

                        selection
                            .append('span')
                            .text('+');

                        selection
                            .append('span')
                            .attr('class', 'gesture')
                            .text(function (d) { return _t(d.gesture); });
                    });


                shortcutRows
                    .append('td')
                    .attr('class', 'shortcut-desc')
                    .text(function (d) { return d.text ? _t(d.text) : '\u00a0'; });


                shortcuts = shortcuts
                    .merge(shortcutsEnter);

                // Update
                wrapper.selectAll('.shortcut-tab')
                    .style('display', function (d, i) {
                        return i === _activeTab ? 'flex' : 'none';
                    });
            }


            return function(selection, show) {
                _selection = selection;
                if (show) {
                    _modalSelection = uiModal(selection);
                    _modalSelection.call(shortcutsModal);
                }
            };
        }

        var pair_1 = pair;


        function search(input, dims) {
          if (!dims) { dims = 'NSEW'; }
          if (typeof input !== 'string') { return null; }

          input = input.toUpperCase();
          var regex = /^[\s\,]*([NSEW])?\s*([\-|\—|\―]?[0-9.]+)[°º˚]?\s*(?:([0-9.]+)['’′‘]\s*)?(?:([0-9.]+)(?:''|"|”|″)\s*)?([NSEW])?/;

          var m = input.match(regex);
          if (!m) { return null; }  // no match

          var matched = m[0];

          // extract dimension.. m[1] = leading, m[5] = trailing
          var dim;
          if (m[1] && m[5]) {                 // if matched both..
            dim = m[1];                       // keep leading
            matched = matched.slice(0, -1);   // remove trailing dimension from match
          } else {
            dim = m[1] || m[5];
          }

          // if unrecognized dimension
          if (dim && dims.indexOf(dim) === -1) { return null; }

          // extract DMS
          var deg = m[2] ? parseFloat(m[2]) : 0;
          var min = m[3] ? parseFloat(m[3]) / 60 : 0;
          var sec = m[4] ? parseFloat(m[4]) / 3600 : 0;
          var sign = (deg < 0) ? -1 : 1;
          if (dim === 'S' || dim === 'W') { sign *= -1; }

          return {
            val: (Math.abs(deg) + min + sec) * sign,
            dim: dim,
            matched: matched,
            remain: input.slice(matched.length)
          };
        }


        function pair(input, dims) {
          input = input.trim();
          var one = search(input, dims);
          if (!one) { return null; }

          input = one.remain.trim();
          var two = search(input, dims);
          if (!two || two.remain) { return null; }

          if (one.dim) {
            return swapdim(one.val, two.val, one.dim);
          } else {
            return [one.val, two.val];
          }
        }


        function swapdim(a, b, dim) {
          if (dim === 'N' || dim === 'S') { return [a, b]; }
          if (dim === 'W' || dim === 'E') { return [b, a]; }
        }

        function uiFeatureList(context) {
            var _geocodeResults;


            function featureList(selection) {
                var header = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'header fillL cf');

                header
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(_t('inspector.feature_list'));

                var searchWrap = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'search-header');

                var search = searchWrap
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.search'))
                    .attr('type', 'search')
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .on('keypress', keypress)
                    .on('keydown', keydown)
                    .on('input', inputevent);

                searchWrap
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-search', 'pre-text'));

                var listWrap = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'inspector-body');

                var list = listWrap
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'feature-list cf');

                context
                    .on('exit.feature-list', clearSearch);
                context.map()
                    .on('drawn.feature-list', mapDrawn);

                context.keybinding()
                    .on(uiCmd('⌘F'), focusSearch);


                function focusSearch() {
                    var mode = context.mode() && context.mode().id;
                    if (mode !== 'browse') { return; }

                    event.preventDefault();
                    search.node().focus();
                }


                function keydown() {
                    if (event.keyCode === 27) {  // escape
                        search.node().blur();
                    }
                }


                function keypress() {
                    var q = search.property('value'),
                        items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item');
                    if (event.keyCode === 13 && q.length && items.size()) {  // return
                        click(items.datum());
                    }
                }


                function inputevent() {
                    _geocodeResults = undefined;
                    drawList();
                }


                function clearSearch() {
                    search.property('value', '');
                    drawList();
                }


                function mapDrawn(e) {
                    if (e.full) {
                        drawList();
                    }
                }


                function features() {
                    var result = [];
                    var graph = context.graph();
                    var visibleCenter = context.map().extent().center();
                    var q = search.property('value').toLowerCase();

                    if (!q) { return result; }

                    var idMatch = q.match(/(?:^|\W)(node|way|relation|[nwr])\W?0*([1-9]\d*)(?:\W|$)/i);

                    if (idMatch) {
                        var elemType = idMatch[1].charAt(0);
                        var elemId = idMatch[2];
                        result.push({
                            id: elemType + elemId,
                            geometry: elemType === 'n' ? 'point' : elemType === 'w' ? 'line' : 'relation',
                            type: elemType === 'n' ? _t('inspector.node') : elemType === 'w' ? _t('inspector.way') : _t('inspector.relation'),
                            name: elemId
                        });
                    }

                    var locationMatch = pair_1(q.toUpperCase()) || q.match(/^(-?\d+\.?\d*)\s+(-?\d+\.?\d*)$/);

                    if (locationMatch) {
                        var loc = [parseFloat(locationMatch[0]), parseFloat(locationMatch[1])];
                        result.push({
                            id: -1,
                            geometry: 'point',
                            type: _t('inspector.location'),
                            name: dmsCoordinatePair([loc[1], loc[0]]),
                            location: loc
                        });
                    }

                    var allEntities = graph.entities;
                    var localResults = [];
                    for (var id in allEntities) {
                        var entity = allEntities[id];
                        if (!entity) { continue; }

                        var name = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
                        if (name.toLowerCase().indexOf(q) < 0) { continue; }

                        var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
                        var type = (matched && matched.name()) || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
                        var extent = entity.extent(graph);
                        var distance = extent ? geoSphericalDistance(visibleCenter, extent.center()) : 0;

                        localResults.push({
                            id: entity.id,
                            entity: entity,
                            geometry: entity.geometry(graph),
                            type: type,
                            name: name,
                            distance: distance
                        });

                        if (localResults.length > 100) { break; }
                    }
                    localResults = localResults.sort(function byDistance(a, b) {
                        return a.distance - b.distance;
                    });
                    result = result.concat(localResults);

                    (_geocodeResults || []).forEach(function(d) {
                        if (d.osm_type && d.osm_id) {    // some results may be missing these - #1890

                            // Make a temporary osmEntity so we can preset match
                            // and better localize the search result - #4725
                            var id = osmEntity.id.fromOSM(d.osm_type, d.osm_id);
                            var tags = {};
                            tags[d.class] = d.type;

                            var attrs = { id: id, type: d.osm_type, tags: tags };
                            if (d.osm_type === 'way') {   // for ways, add some fake closed nodes
                                attrs.nodes = ['a','a'];  // so that geometry area is possible
                            }

                            var tempEntity = osmEntity(attrs);
                            var tempGraph = coreGraph([tempEntity]);
                            var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(tempEntity, tempGraph);
                            var type = (matched && matched.name()) || utilDisplayType(id);

                            result.push({
                                id: tempEntity.id,
                                geometry: tempEntity.geometry(tempGraph),
                                type: type,
                                name: d.display_name,
                                extent: new geoExtent(
                                    [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[3]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[0])],
                                    [parseFloat(d.boundingbox[2]), parseFloat(d.boundingbox[1])])
                            });
                        }
                    });

                    if (q.match(/^[0-9]+$/)) {
                        // if query is just a number, possibly an OSM ID without a prefix
                        result.push({
                            id: 'n' + q,
                            geometry: 'point',
                            type: _t('inspector.node'),
                            name: q
                        });
                        result.push({
                            id: 'w' + q,
                            geometry: 'line',
                            type: _t('inspector.way'),
                            name: q
                        });
                        result.push({
                            id: 'r' + q,
                            geometry: 'relation',
                            type: _t('inspector.relation'),
                            name: q
                        });
                    }

                    return result;
                }


                function drawList() {
                    var value = search.property('value');
                    var results = features();

                    list.classed('filtered', value.length);

                    var resultsIndicator = list.selectAll('.no-results-item')
                        .data([0])
                        .enter()
                        .append('button')
                        .property('disabled', true)
                        .attr('class', 'no-results-item')
                        .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'pre-text'));

                    resultsIndicator.append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'entity-name');

                    list.selectAll('.no-results-item .entity-name')
                        .text(_t('geocoder.no_results_worldwide'));

                    if (services.geocoder) {
                      list.selectAll('.geocode-item')
                          .data([0])
                          .enter()
                          .append('button')
                          .attr('class', 'geocode-item')
                          .on('click', geocoderSearch)
                          .append('div')
                          .attr('class', 'label')
                          .append('span')
                          .attr('class', 'entity-name')
                          .text(_t('geocoder.search'));
                    }

                    list.selectAll('.no-results-item')
                        .style('display', (value.length && !results.length) ? 'block' : 'none');

                    list.selectAll('.geocode-item')
                        .style('display', (value && _geocodeResults === undefined) ? 'block' : 'none');

                    list.selectAll('.feature-list-item')
                        .data([-1])
                        .remove();

                    var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item')
                        .data(results, function(d) { return d.id; });

                    var enter = items.enter()
                        .insert('button', '.geocode-item')
                        .attr('class', 'feature-list-item')
                        .on('mouseover', mouseover)
                        .on('mouseout', mouseout)
                        .on('click', click);

                    var label = enter
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'label');

                    label
                        .each(function(d) {
                            select(this)
                                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.geometry, 'pre-text'));
                        });

                    label
                        .append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'entity-type')
                        .text(function(d) { return d.type; });

                    label
                        .append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'entity-name')
                        .text(function(d) { return d.name; });

                    enter
                        .style('opacity', 0)
                        .transition()
                        .style('opacity', 1);

                    items.order();

                    items.exit()
                        .remove();
                }


                function mouseover(d) {
                    if (d.id === -1) { return; }

                    utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
                }


                function mouseout(d) {
                    if (d.id === -1) { return; }

                    utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
                }


                function click(d) {
                    event.preventDefault();

                    if (d.location) {
                        context.map().centerZoomEase([d.location[1], d.location[0]], 19);

                    } else if (d.entity) {
                        utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);

                        context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.entity.id]));
                        context.map().zoomToEase(d.entity);

                    } else {
                        // download, zoom to, and select the entity with the given ID
                        context.zoomToEntity(d.id);
                    }
                }


                function geocoderSearch() {
                    services.geocoder.search(search.property('value'), function (err, resp) {
                        _geocodeResults = resp || [];
                        drawList();
                    });
                }
            }


            return featureList;
        }

        function uiSectionEntityIssues(context) {

            var _entityIDs = [];
            var _issues = [];
            var _activeIssueID;

            var section = uiSection('entity-issues', context)
                .shouldDisplay(function() {
                    return _issues.length > 0;
                })
                .title(function() {
                    return _t('issues.list_title', { count: _issues.length });
                })
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            context.validator()
                .on('validated.entity_issues', function() {
                    // Refresh on validated events
                    reloadIssues();
                    section.reRender();
                })
                .on('focusedIssue.entity_issues', function(issue) {
                     makeActiveIssue(issue.id);
                });

            function reloadIssues() {
                _issues = context.validator().getSharedEntityIssues(_entityIDs, { includeDisabledRules: true });
            }

            function makeActiveIssue(issueID) {
                _activeIssueID = issueID;
                section.selection().selectAll('.issue-container')
                    .classed('active', function(d) { return d.id === _activeIssueID; });
            }

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {

                selection.classed('grouped-items-area', true);

                _activeIssueID = _issues.length > 0 ? _issues[0].id : null;

                var containers = selection.selectAll('.issue-container')
                    .data(_issues, function(d) { return d.id; });

                // Exit
                containers.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var containersEnter = containers.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-container');


                var itemsEnter = containersEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'issue severity-' + d.severity; })
                    .on('mouseover.highlight', function(d) {
                        // don't hover-highlight the selected entity
                        var ids = d.entityIds
                            .filter(function(e) { return _entityIDs.indexOf(e) === -1; });

                        utilHighlightEntities(ids, true, context);
                    })
                    .on('mouseout.highlight', function(d) {
                        var ids = d.entityIds
                            .filter(function(e) { return _entityIDs.indexOf(e) === -1; });

                        utilHighlightEntities(ids, false, context);
                    });

                var labelsEnter = itemsEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-label')
                    .on('click', function(d) {

                        makeActiveIssue(d.id); // expand only the clicked item

                        var extent = d.extent(context.graph());
                        if (extent) {
                            var setZoom = Math.max(context.map().zoom(), 19);
                            context.map().unobscuredCenterZoomEase(extent.center(), setZoom);
                        }
                    });

                var textEnter = labelsEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-text');

                textEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-icon')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        var iconName = '#iD-icon-' + (d.severity === 'warning' ? 'alert' : 'error');
                        select(this)
                            .call(svgIcon(iconName));
                    });

                textEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-message');


                var infoButton = labelsEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-info-button')
                    .attr('title', _t('icons.information'))
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-inspect'));

                infoButton
                    .on('click', function () {
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        event.preventDefault();
                        this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641

                        var container = select(this.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode);
                        var info = container.selectAll('.issue-info');
                        var isExpanded = info.classed('expanded');

                        if (isExpanded) {
                            info
                                .transition()
                                .duration(200)
                                .style('max-height', '0px')
                                .style('opacity', '0')
                                .on('end', function () {
                                    info.classed('expanded', false);
                                });
                        } else {
                            info
                                .classed('expanded', true)
                                .transition()
                                .duration(200)
                                .style('max-height', '200px')
                                .style('opacity', '1')
                                .on('end', function () {
                                    info.style('max-height', null);
                                });
                        }
                    });

                itemsEnter
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-fix-list');

                containersEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-info')
                    .style('max-height', '0')
                    .style('opacity', '0')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        if (typeof d.reference === 'function') {
                            select(this)
                                .call(d.reference);
                        } else {
                            select(this)
                                .text(_t('inspector.no_documentation_key'));
                        }
                    });


                // Update
                containers = containers
                    .merge(containersEnter)
                    .classed('active', function(d) { return d.id === _activeIssueID; });

                containers.selectAll('.issue-message')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        return d.message(context);
                    });

                // fixes
                var fixLists = containers.selectAll('.issue-fix-list');

                var fixes = fixLists.selectAll('.issue-fix-item')
                    .data(function(d) { return d.fixes ? d.fixes(context) : []; }, function(fix) { return fix.id; });

                fixes.exit()
                    .remove();

                var fixesEnter = fixes.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-fix-item')
                    .on('click', function(d) {
                        // not all fixes are actionable
                        if (!select(this).classed('actionable') || !d.onClick) { return; }

                        // Don't run another fix for this issue within a second of running one
                        // (Necessary for "Select a feature type" fix. Most fixes should only ever run once)
                        if (d.issue.dateLastRanFix && new Date() - d.issue.dateLastRanFix < 1000) { return; }
                        d.issue.dateLastRanFix = new Date();

                        // remove hover-highlighting
                        utilHighlightEntities(d.issue.entityIds.concat(d.entityIds), false, context);

                        new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
                            d.onClick(context, resolve, reject);
                            if (d.onClick.length <= 1) {
                                // if the fix doesn't take any completion parameters then consider it resolved
                                resolve();
                            }
                        })
                        .then(function() {
                            // revalidate whenever the fix has finished running successfully
                            context.validator().validate();
                        });
                    })
                    .on('mouseover.highlight', function(d) {
                        utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, true, context);
                    })
                    .on('mouseout.highlight', function(d) {
                        utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, false, context);
                    });

                fixesEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'fix-icon')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        var iconName = d.icon || 'iD-icon-wrench';
                        if (iconName.startsWith('maki')) {
                            iconName += '-15';
                        }
                        select(this).call(svgIcon('#' + iconName));
                    });

                fixesEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'fix-message')
                    .text(function(d) { return d.title; });

                fixesEnter.merge(fixes)
                    .classed('actionable', function(d) {
                        return d.onClick;
                    })
                    .attr('title', function(d) {
                        if (d.disabledReason) {
                            return d.disabledReason;
                        }
                        return null;
                    });
            }

            section.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                if (!_entityIDs || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
                    _entityIDs = val;
                    _activeIssueID = null;
                    reloadIssues();
                }
                return section;
            };

            return section;
        }

        function uiPresetIcon() {
          var _preset;
          var _geometry;
          var _sizeClass = 'medium';


          function isSmall() {
            return _sizeClass === 'small';
          }


          function presetIcon(selection) {
            selection.each(render);
          }


          function getIcon(p, geom) {
            if (isSmall() && p.isFallback && p.isFallback())
              { return 'iD-icon-' + p.id; }
            else if (p.icon)
              { return p.icon; }
            else if (geom === 'line')
              { return 'iD-other-line'; }
            else if (geom === 'vertex')
              { return p.isFallback() ? '' : 'temaki-vertex'; }
            else if (isSmall() && geom === 'point')
              { return ''; }
            else
              { return 'maki-marker-stroked'; }
          }


          function renderPointBorder(enter) {
            var w = 40;
            var h = 40;

            enter
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-point-border')
              .attr('width', w)
              .attr('height', h)
              .attr('viewBox', ("0 0 " + w + " " + h))
              .append('path')
              .attr('transform', 'translate(11.5, 8)')
              .attr('d', 'M 17,8 C 17,13 11,21 8.5,23.5 C 6,21 0,13 0,8 C 0,4 4,-0.5 8.5,-0.5 C 13,-0.5 17,4 17,8 z');
          }


          function renderCircleFill(fillEnter) {
            var w = 60;
            var h = 60;
            var d = 40;

            fillEnter
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-fill-vertex')
              .attr('width', w)
              .attr('height', h)
              .attr('viewBox', ("0 0 " + w + " " + h))
              .append('circle')
              .attr('cx', w / 2)
              .attr('cy', h / 2)
              .attr('r', d / 2);
          }


          function renderSquareFill(fillEnter) {
            var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60;
            var w = d;
            var h = d;
            var l = d * 2/3;
            var c1 = (w-l) / 2;
            var c2 = c1 + l;

            fillEnter = fillEnter
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'preset-icon-fill preset-icon-fill-area')
              .attr('width', w)
              .attr('height', h)
              .attr('viewBox', ("0 0 " + w + " " + h));

            ['fill', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
              fillEnter
                .append('path')
                .attr('d', ("M" + c1 + " " + c1 + " L" + c1 + " " + c2 + " L" + c2 + " " + c2 + " L" + c2 + " " + c1 + " Z"))
                .attr('class', ("line area " + klass));
            });

            var rVertex = 2.5;
            [[c1, c1], [c1, c2], [c2, c2], [c2, c1]].forEach(function (point) {
              fillEnter
                .append('circle')
                .attr('class', 'vertex')
                .attr('cx', point[0])
                .attr('cy', point[1])
                .attr('r', rVertex);
            });

            if (!isSmall()) {
              var rMidpoint = 1.25;
              [[c1, w/2], [c2, w/2], [h/2, c1], [h/2, c2]].forEach(function (point) {
                fillEnter
                  .append('circle')
                  .attr('class', 'midpoint')
                  .attr('cx', point[0])
                  .attr('cy', point[1])
                  .attr('r', rMidpoint);
              });
            }
          }


          function renderLine(lineEnter) {
            var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60;
            // draw the line parametrically
            var w = d;
            var h = d;
            var y = Math.round(d * 0.72);
            var l = Math.round(d * 0.6);
            var r = 2.5;
            var x1 = (w - l) / 2;
            var x2 = x1 + l;

            lineEnter = lineEnter
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'preset-icon-line')
              .attr('width', w)
              .attr('height', h)
              .attr('viewBox', ("0 0 " + w + " " + h));

            ['casing', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
              lineEnter
                .append('path')
                .attr('d', ("M" + x1 + " " + y + " L" + x2 + " " + y))
                .attr('class', ("line " + klass));
            });

            [[x1-1, y], [x2+1, y]].forEach(function (point) {
              lineEnter
                .append('circle')
                .attr('class', 'vertex')
                .attr('cx', point[0])
                .attr('cy', point[1])
                .attr('r', r);
            });
          }


          function renderRoute(routeEnter) {
            var d = isSmall() ? 40 : 60;
            // draw the route parametrically
            var w = d;
            var h = d;
            var y1 = Math.round(d * 0.80);
            var y2 = Math.round(d * 0.68);
            var l = Math.round(d * 0.6);
            var r = 2;
            var x1 = (w - l) / 2;
            var x2 = x1 + l / 3;
            var x3 = x2 + l / 3;
            var x4 = x3 + l / 3;

            routeEnter = routeEnter
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'preset-icon-route')
              .attr('width', w)
              .attr('height', h)
              .attr('viewBox', ("0 0 " + w + " " + h));

            ['casing', 'stroke'].forEach(function (klass) {
              routeEnter
                .append('path')
                .attr('d', ("M" + x1 + " " + y1 + " L" + x2 + " " + y2))
                .attr('class', ("segment0 line " + klass));
              routeEnter
                .append('path')
                .attr('d', ("M" + x2 + " " + y2 + " L" + x3 + " " + y1))
                .attr('class', ("segment1 line " + klass));
              routeEnter
                .append('path')
                .attr('d', ("M" + x3 + " " + y1 + " L" + x4 + " " + y2))
                .attr('class', ("segment2 line " + klass));
            });

            [[x1, y1], [x2, y2], [x3, y1], [x4, y2]].forEach(function (point) {
              routeEnter
                .append('circle')
                .attr('class', 'vertex')
                .attr('cx', point[0])
                .attr('cy', point[1])
                .attr('r', r);
            });
          }


          // Route icons are drawn with a zigzag annotation underneath:
          //     o   o
          //    / \ /
          //   o   o
          // This dataset defines the styles that are used to draw the zigzag segments.
          var routeSegments = {
            bicycle: ['highway/cycleway', 'highway/cycleway', 'highway/cycleway'],
            bus: ['highway/unclassified', 'highway/secondary', 'highway/primary'],
            trolleybus: ['highway/unclassified', 'highway/secondary', 'highway/primary'],
            detour: ['highway/tertiary', 'highway/residential', 'highway/unclassified'],
            ferry: ['route/ferry', 'route/ferry', 'route/ferry'],
            foot: ['highway/footway', 'highway/footway', 'highway/footway'],
            hiking: ['highway/path', 'highway/path', 'highway/path'],
            horse: ['highway/bridleway', 'highway/bridleway', 'highway/bridleway'],
            light_rail: ['railway/light_rail', 'railway/light_rail', 'railway/light_rail'],
            monorail: ['railway/monorail', 'railway/monorail', 'railway/monorail'],
            pipeline: ['man_made/pipeline', 'man_made/pipeline', 'man_made/pipeline'],
            piste: ['piste/downhill', 'piste/hike', 'piste/nordic'],
            power: ['power/line', 'power/line', 'power/line'],
            road: ['highway/secondary', 'highway/primary', 'highway/trunk'],
            subway: ['railway/subway', 'railway/subway', 'railway/subway'],
            train: ['railway/rail', 'railway/rail', 'railway/rail'],
            tram: ['railway/tram', 'railway/tram', 'railway/tram'],
            waterway: ['waterway/stream', 'waterway/stream', 'waterway/stream']
          };


          function render() {
            var p = _preset.apply(this, arguments);
            var geom = _geometry ? _geometry.apply(this, arguments) : null;
            if (geom === 'relation' && p.tags && ((p.tags.type === 'route' && p.tags.route && routeSegments[p.tags.route]) || p.tags.type === 'waterway')) {
              geom = 'route';
            }

            var showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';
            var isFallback = isSmall() && p.isFallback && p.isFallback();
            var imageURL = (showThirdPartyIcons === 'true') && p.imageURL;
            var picon = getIcon(p, geom);
            var isMaki = picon && /^maki-/.test(picon);
            var isTemaki = picon && /^temaki-/.test(picon);
            var isFa = picon && /^fa[srb]-/.test(picon);
            var isTnp = picon && /^tnp-/.test(picon);
            var isiDIcon = picon && !(isMaki || isTemaki || isFa || isTnp);
            var isCategory = !p.setTags;
            var drawPoint = picon && geom === 'point' && isSmall() && !isFallback;
            var drawVertex = picon !== null && geom === 'vertex' && (!isSmall() || !isFallback);
            var drawLine = picon && geom === 'line' && !isFallback && !isCategory;
            var drawArea = picon && geom === 'area' && !isFallback;
            var drawRoute = picon && geom === 'route';
            var isFramed = (drawVertex || drawArea || drawLine || drawRoute);

            var tags = !isCategory ? p.setTags({}, geom) : {};
            for (var k in tags) {
              if (tags[k] === '*') {
                tags[k] = 'yes';
              }
            }

            var tagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(tags, '');
            var selection = select(this);

            var container = selection.selectAll('.preset-icon-container')
              .data([0]);

            container = container.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', ("preset-icon-container " + _sizeClass))
              .merge(container);

            container
              .classed('showing-img', !!imageURL)
              .classed('fallback', isFallback);


            var pointBorder = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-point-border')
              .data(drawPoint ? [0] : []);

            pointBorder.exit()
              .remove();

            var pointBorderEnter = pointBorder.enter();
            renderPointBorder(pointBorderEnter);
            pointBorder = pointBorderEnter.merge(pointBorder);


            var vertexFill = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-fill-vertex')
              .data(drawVertex ? [0] : []);

            vertexFill.exit()
              .remove();

            var vertexFillEnter = vertexFill.enter();
            renderCircleFill(vertexFillEnter);
            vertexFill = vertexFillEnter.merge(vertexFill);


            var fill = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-fill-area')
              .data(drawArea ? [0] : []);

            fill.exit()
              .remove();

            var fillEnter = fill.enter();
            renderSquareFill(fillEnter);
            fill = fillEnter.merge(fill);

            fill.selectAll('path.stroke')
              .attr('class', ("area stroke " + tagClasses));
            fill.selectAll('path.fill')
              .attr('class', ("area fill " + tagClasses));


            var line = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-line')
              .data(drawLine ? [0] : []);

            line.exit()
              .remove();

            var lineEnter = line.enter();
            renderLine(lineEnter);
            line = lineEnter.merge(line);

            line.selectAll('path.stroke')
              .attr('class', ("line stroke " + tagClasses));
            line.selectAll('path.casing')
              .attr('class', ("line casing " + tagClasses));


            var route = container.selectAll('.preset-icon-route')
              .data(drawRoute ? [0] : []);

            route.exit()
              .remove();

            var routeEnter = route.enter();
            renderRoute(routeEnter);
            route = routeEnter.merge(route);

            if (drawRoute) {
              var routeType = p.tags.type === 'waterway' ? 'waterway' : p.tags.route;
              var segmentPresetIDs = routeSegments[routeType];
              for (var i in segmentPresetIDs) {
                var segmentPreset = _mainPresetIndex.item(segmentPresetIDs[i]);
                var segmentTagClasses = svgTagClasses().getClassesString(segmentPreset.tags, '');
                route.selectAll(("path.stroke.segment" + i))
                  .attr('class', ("segment" + i + " line stroke " + segmentTagClasses));
                route.selectAll(("path.casing.segment" + i))
                  .attr('class', ("segment" + i + " line casing " + segmentTagClasses));
              }
            }


            var icon = container.selectAll('.preset-icon')
              .data(picon ? [0] : []);

            icon.exit()
              .remove();

            icon = icon.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'preset-icon')
              .call(svgIcon(''))
              .merge(icon);

            icon
              .attr('class', 'preset-icon ' + (geom ? geom + '-geom' : ''))
              .classed('framed', isFramed)
              .classed('preset-icon-iD', isiDIcon);

            icon.selectAll('svg')
              .attr('class', 'icon ' + picon + ' ' + (!isiDIcon && geom !== 'line'  ? '' : tagClasses));

            icon.selectAll('use')
              .attr('href', '#' + picon + (isMaki ? (isSmall() && geom === 'point' ? '-11' : '-15') : ''));

            var imageIcon = container.selectAll('img.image-icon')
              .data(imageURL ? [0] : []);

            imageIcon.exit()
              .remove();

            imageIcon = imageIcon.enter()
              .append('img')
              .attr('class', 'image-icon')
              .on('load', function () { return container.classed('showing-img', true); } )
              .on('error', function () { return container.classed('showing-img', false); } )
              .merge(imageIcon);

            imageIcon
              .attr('src', imageURL);
          }


          presetIcon.preset = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _preset; }
            _preset = utilFunctor(val);
            return presetIcon;
          };


          presetIcon.geometry = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _geometry; }
            _geometry = utilFunctor(val);
            return presetIcon;
          };


          presetIcon.sizeClass = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _sizeClass; }
            _sizeClass = val;
            return presetIcon;
          };

          return presetIcon;
        }

        function uiSectionFeatureType(context) {

            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('choose');

            var _entityIDs = [];
            var _presets = [];

            var _tagReference;

            var section = uiSection('feature-type', context)
                .title(_t('inspector.feature_type'))
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {

                selection.classed('preset-list-item', true);
                selection.classed('mixed-types', _presets.length > 1);

                var presetButtonWrap = selection
                    .selectAll('.preset-list-button-wrap')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap');

                var presetButton = presetButtonWrap
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-list-button preset-reset')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('inspector.back_tooltip'))
                        .placement('bottom')
                    );

                presetButton.append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-icon-container');

                presetButton
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'label')
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'label-inner');

                presetButtonWrap.append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'accessory-buttons');

                var tagReferenceBodyWrap = selection
                    .selectAll('.tag-reference-body-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                tagReferenceBodyWrap = tagReferenceBodyWrap
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'tag-reference-body-wrap')
                    .merge(tagReferenceBodyWrap);

                // update header
                if (_tagReference) {
                    selection.selectAll('.preset-list-button-wrap .accessory-buttons')
                        .style('display', _presets.length === 1 ? null : 'none')
                        .call(_tagReference.button);

                    tagReferenceBodyWrap
                        .style('display', _presets.length === 1 ? null : 'none')
                        .call(_tagReference.body);
                }

                selection.selectAll('.preset-reset')
                    .on('click', function() {
                         dispatch$1.call('choose', this, _presets);
                    })
                    .on('pointerdown pointerup mousedown mouseup', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();
                    });

                var geometries = entityGeometries();
                selection.select('.preset-list-item button')
                    .call(uiPresetIcon()
                        .geometry(_presets.length === 1 ? (geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0]) : null)
                        .preset(_presets.length === 1 ? _presets[0] : _mainPresetIndex.item('point'))
                    );

                // NOTE: split on en-dash, not a hyphen (to avoid conflict with hyphenated names)
                var names = _presets.length === 1 ? _presets[0].name().split(' – ') : [_t('inspector.multiple_types')];

                var label = selection.select('.label-inner');
                var nameparts = label.selectAll('.namepart')
                    .data(names, function(d) { return d; });

                nameparts.exit()
                    .remove();

                nameparts
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'namepart')
                    .text(function(d) { return d; });
            }

            section.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                return section;
            };

            section.presets = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _presets; }

                // don't reload the same preset
                if (!utilArrayIdentical(val, _presets)) {
                    _presets = val;

                    if (_presets.length === 1) {
                        _tagReference = uiTagReference(_presets[0].reference())
                            .showing(false);
                    }
                }

                return section;
            };

            function entityGeometries() {

                var counts = {};

                for (var i in _entityIDs) {
                    var geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[i]);
                    if (!counts[geometry]) { counts[geometry] = 0; }
                    counts[geometry] += 1;
                }

                return Object.keys(counts).sort(function(geom1, geom2) {
                    return counts[geom2] - counts[geom1];
                });
            }

            return utilRebind(section, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        // This currently only works with the 'restrictions' field
        // It borrows some code from uiHelp

        function uiFieldHelp(context, fieldName) {
            var fieldHelp = {};
            var _inspector = select(null);
            var _wrap = select(null);
            var _body = select(null);

            var fieldHelpKeys = {
                restrictions: [
                    ['about',[
                        'about',
                        'from_via_to',
                        'maxdist',
                        'maxvia'
                    ]],
                    ['inspecting',[
                        'about',
                        'from_shadow',
                        'allow_shadow',
                        'restrict_shadow',
                        'only_shadow',
                        'restricted',
                        'only'
                    ]],
                    ['modifying',[
                        'about',
                        'indicators',
                        'allow_turn',
                        'restrict_turn',
                        'only_turn'
                    ]],
                    ['tips',[
                        'simple',
                        'simple_example',
                        'indirect',
                        'indirect_example',
                        'indirect_noedit'
                    ]]
                ]
            };

            var fieldHelpHeadings = {};

            var replacements = {
                distField: _t('restriction.controls.distance'),
                viaField: _t('restriction.controls.via'),
                fromShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'pre-text shadow from'),
                allowShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'pre-text shadow allow'),
                restrictShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'pre-text shadow restrict'),
                onlyShadow: icon('#iD-turn-shadow', 'pre-text shadow only'),
                allowTurn: icon('#iD-turn-yes', 'pre-text turn'),
                restrictTurn: icon('#iD-turn-no', 'pre-text turn'),
                onlyTurn: icon('#iD-turn-only', 'pre-text turn')
            };


            // For each section, squash all the texts into a single markdown document
            var docs = fieldHelpKeys[fieldName].map(function(key) {
                var helpkey = 'help.field.' + fieldName + '.' + key[0];
                var text = key[1].reduce(function(all, part) {
                    var subkey = helpkey + '.' + part;
                    var depth = fieldHelpHeadings[subkey];                     // is this subkey a heading?
                    var hhh = depth ? Array(depth + 1).join('#') + ' ' : '';   // if so, prepend with some ##'s
                    return all + hhh + _t(subkey, replacements) + '\n\n';
                }, '');

                return {
                    key: helpkey,
                    title: _t(helpkey + '.title'),
                    html: marked_1(text.trim())
                };
            });


            function show() {
                updatePosition();

                _body
                    .classed('hide', false)
                    .style('opacity', '0')
                    .transition()
                    .duration(200)
                    .style('opacity', '1');
            }


            function hide() {
                _body
                    .classed('hide', true)
                    .transition()
                    .duration(200)
                    .style('opacity', '0')
                    .on('end', function () {
                        _body.classed('hide', true);
                    });
            }


            function clickHelp(index) {
                var d = docs[index];
                var tkeys = fieldHelpKeys[fieldName][index][1];

                _body.selectAll('.field-help-nav-item')
                    .classed('active', function(d, i) { return i === index; });

                var content = _body.selectAll('.field-help-content')
                    .html(d.html);

                // class the paragraphs so we can find and style them
                content.selectAll('p')
                    .attr('class', function(d, i) { return tkeys[i]; });

                // insert special content for certain help sections
                if (d.key === 'help.field.restrictions.inspecting') {
                    content
                        .insert('img', 'p.from_shadow')
                        .attr('class', 'field-help-image cf')
                        .attr('src', context.imagePath('tr_inspect.gif'));

                } else if (d.key === 'help.field.restrictions.modifying') {
                    content
                        .insert('img', 'p.allow_turn')
                        .attr('class', 'field-help-image cf')
                        .attr('src', context.imagePath('tr_modify.gif'));
                }
            }


            fieldHelp.button = function(selection) {
                if (_body.empty()) { return; }

                var button = selection.selectAll('.field-help-button')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter/update
                button.enter()
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'field-help-button')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-help'))
                    .merge(button)
                    .on('click', function () {
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        event.preventDefault();
                        if (_body.classed('hide')) {
                            show();
                        } else {
                            hide();
                        }
                    });
            };


            function updatePosition() {
                var wrap = _wrap.node();
                var inspector = _inspector.node();
                var wRect = wrap.getBoundingClientRect();
                var iRect = inspector.getBoundingClientRect();

                _body
                    .style('top', wRect.top + inspector.scrollTop - iRect.top + 'px');
            }


            fieldHelp.body = function(selection) {
                // This control expects the field to have a form-field-input-wrap div
                _wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap');
                if (_wrap.empty()) { return; }

                // absolute position relative to the inspector, so it "floats" above the fields
                _inspector = context.container().select('.sidebar .entity-editor-pane .inspector-body');
                if (_inspector.empty()) { return; }

                _body = _inspector.selectAll('.field-help-body')
                    .data([0]);

                var enter = _body.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'field-help-body hide');   // initially hidden

                var titleEnter = enter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'field-help-title cf');

                titleEnter
                    .append('h2')
                    .attr('class', ((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'fr' : 'fl'))
                    .text(_t('help.field.' + fieldName + '.title'));

                titleEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'fr close')
                    .on('click', function() {
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        event.preventDefault();
                        hide();
                    })
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

                var navEnter = enter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'field-help-nav cf');

                var titles = docs.map(function(d) { return d.title; });
                navEnter.selectAll('.field-help-nav-item')
                    .data(titles)
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'field-help-nav-item')
                    .text(function(d) { return d; })
                    .on('click', function(d, i) {
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        event.preventDefault();
                        clickHelp(i);
                    });

                enter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'field-help-content');

                _body = _body
                    .merge(enter);

                clickHelp(0);
            };


            return fieldHelp;
        }

        function uiFieldCheck(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var options = field.strings && field.strings.options;
            var values = [];
            var texts = [];

            var _tags;

            var input = select(null);
            var text = select(null);
            var label = select(null);
            var reverser = select(null);

            var _impliedYes;
            var _entityIDs = [];
            var _value;


            if (options) {
                for (var k in options) {
                    values.push(k === 'undefined' ? undefined : k);
                    texts.push(field.t('options.' + k, { 'default': options[k] }));
                }
            } else {
                values = [undefined, 'yes'];
                texts = [_t('inspector.unknown'), _t('inspector.check.yes')];
                if (field.type !== 'defaultCheck') {
                    values.push('no');
                    texts.push(_t('inspector.check.no'));
                }
            }


            // Checks tags to see whether an undefined value is "Assumed to be Yes"
            function checkImpliedYes() {
                _impliedYes = (field.id === 'oneway_yes');

                // hack: pretend `oneway` field is a `oneway_yes` field
                // where implied oneway tag exists (e.g. `junction=roundabout`) #2220, #1841
                if (field.id === 'oneway') {
                    var entity = context.entity(_entityIDs[0]);
                    for (var key in entity.tags) {
                        if (key in osmOneWayTags && (entity.tags[key] in osmOneWayTags[key])) {
                            _impliedYes = true;
                            texts[0] = _t('presets.fields.oneway_yes.options.undefined');
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }


            function reverserHidden() {
                if (!context.container().select('div.inspector-hover').empty()) { return true; }
                return !(_value === 'yes' || (_impliedYes && !_value));
            }


            function reverserSetText(selection) {
                var entity = _entityIDs.length && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
                if (reverserHidden() || !entity) { return selection; }

                var first = entity.first();
                var last = entity.isClosed() ? entity.nodes[entity.nodes.length - 2] : entity.last();
                var pseudoDirection = first < last;
                var icon = pseudoDirection ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward';

                selection.selectAll('.reverser-span')
                    .text(_t('inspector.check.reverser'))
                    .call(svgIcon(icon, 'inline'));

                return selection;
            }


            var check = function(selection) {
                checkImpliedYes();

                label = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                var enter = label.enter()
                    .append('label')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-check');

                enter
                    .append('input')
                    .property('indeterminate', field.type !== 'defaultCheck')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .attr('id', field.domId);

                enter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(texts[0])
                    .attr('class', 'value');

                if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
                    enter
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'reverser button' + (reverserHidden() ? ' hide' : ''))
                        .attr('href', '#')
                        .append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'reverser-span');
                }

                label = label.merge(enter);
                input = label.selectAll('input');
                text = label.selectAll('span.value');

                input
                    .on('click', function() {
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        var t = {};

                        if (Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) {
                            if (values.indexOf('yes') !== -1) {
                                t[field.key] = 'yes';
                            } else {
                                t[field.key] = values[0];
                            }
                        } else {
                            t[field.key] = values[(values.indexOf(_value) + 1) % values.length];
                        }

                        // Don't cycle through `alternating` or `reversible` states - #4970
                        // (They are supported as translated strings, but should not toggle with clicks)
                        if (t[field.key] === 'reversible' || t[field.key] === 'alternating') {
                            t[field.key] = values[0];
                        }

                        dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
                    });

                if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
                    reverser = label.selectAll('.reverser');

                    reverser
                        .call(reverserSetText)
                        .on('click', function() {
                            event.preventDefault();
                            event.stopPropagation();
                            context.perform(
                                function(graph) {
                                    for (var i in _entityIDs) {
                                        graph = actionReverse(_entityIDs[i])(graph);
                                    }
                                    return graph;
                                },
                                _t('operations.reverse.annotation')
                            );

                            // must manually revalidate since no 'change' event was called
                            context.validator().validate();

                            select(this)
                                .call(reverserSetText);
                        });
                }
            };


            check.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                return check;
            };


            check.tags = function(tags) {

                _tags = tags;

                function isChecked(val) {
                    return val !== 'no' && val !== '' && val !== undefined && val !== null;
                }

                function textFor(val) {
                    if (val === '') { val = undefined; }
                    var index = values.indexOf(val);
                    return (index !== -1 ? texts[index] : ('"' + val + '"'));
                }

                checkImpliedYes();

                var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);

                _value = !isMixed && tags[field.key] && tags[field.key].toLowerCase();

                if (field.type === 'onewayCheck' && (_value === '1' || _value === '-1')) {
                    _value = 'yes';
                }

                input
                    .property('indeterminate', isMixed || (field.type !== 'defaultCheck' && !_value))
                    .property('checked', isChecked(_value));

                text
                    .text(isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : textFor(_value))
                    .classed('mixed', isMixed);

                label
                    .classed('set', !!_value);

                if (field.type === 'onewayCheck') {
                    reverser
                        .classed('hide', reverserHidden())
                        .call(reverserSetText);
                }
            };


            check.focus = function() {
                input.node().focus();
            };

            return utilRebind(check, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldCombo(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var taginfo = services.taginfo;
            var isMulti = (field.type === 'multiCombo');
            var isNetwork = (field.type === 'networkCombo');
            var isSemi = (field.type === 'semiCombo');
            var optstrings = field.strings && field.strings.options;
            var optarray = field.options;
            var snake_case = (field.snake_case || (field.snake_case === undefined));
            var caseSensitive = field.caseSensitive;
            var combobox = uiCombobox(context, 'combo-' + field.safeid)
                .caseSensitive(caseSensitive)
                .minItems(isMulti || isSemi ? 1 : 2);
            var container = select(null);
            var inputWrap = select(null);
            var input = select(null);
            var _comboData = [];
            var _multiData = [];
            var _entityIDs = [];
            var _tags;
            var _countryCode;
            var _staticPlaceholder;

            // initialize deprecated tags array
            var _dataDeprecated = [];
            _mainFileFetcher.get('deprecated')
                .then(function(d) { _dataDeprecated = d; })
                .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });


            // ensure multiCombo field.key ends with a ':'
            if (isMulti && /[^:]$/.test(field.key)) {
                field.key += ':';
            }


            function snake(s) {
                return s.replace(/\s+/g, '_');
            }

            function unsnake(s) {
                return s.replace(/_+/g, ' ');
            }

            function clean(s) {
                return s.split(';')
                    .map(function(s) { return s.trim(); })
                    .join(';');
            }


            // returns the tag value for a display value
            // (for multiCombo, dval should be the key suffix, not the entire key)
            function tagValue(dval) {
                dval = clean(dval || '');

                if (optstrings) {
                    var found = _comboData.find(function(o) {
                        return o.key && clean(o.value) === dval;
                    });
                    if (found) {
                        return found.key;
                    }
                }

                if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && !dval) {
                    return 'yes';
                }

                return (snake_case ? snake(dval) : dval) || undefined;
            }


            // returns the display value for a tag value
            // (for multiCombo, tval should be the key suffix, not the entire key)
            function displayValue(tval) {
                tval = tval || '';

                if (optstrings) {
                    var found = _comboData.find(function(o) {
                        return o.key === tval && o.value;
                    });
                    if (found) {
                        return found.value;
                    }
                }

                if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && tval.toLowerCase() === 'yes') {
                    return '';
                }

                return snake_case ? unsnake(tval) : tval;
            }


            // Compute the difference between arrays of objects by `value` property
            //
            // objectDifference([{value:1}, {value:2}, {value:3}], [{value:2}])
            // > [{value:1}, {value:3}]
            //
            function objectDifference(a, b) {
                return a.filter(function(d1) {
                    return !b.some(function(d2) {
                        return !d2.isMixed && d1.value === d2.value;
                    });
                });
            }


            function initCombo(selection, attachTo) {
                if (optstrings) {
                    selection.attr('readonly', 'readonly');
                    selection.call(combobox, attachTo);
                    setStaticValues(setPlaceholder);

                } else if (optarray) {
                    selection.call(combobox, attachTo);
                    setStaticValues(setPlaceholder);

                } else if (taginfo) {
                    selection.call(combobox.fetcher(setTaginfoValues), attachTo);
                    setTaginfoValues('', setPlaceholder);
                }
            }


            function setStaticValues(callback) {
                if (!(optstrings || optarray)) { return; }

                if (optstrings) {
                    _comboData = Object.keys(optstrings).map(function(k) {
                        var v = field.t('options.' + k, { 'default': optstrings[k] });
                        return {
                            key: k,
                            value: v,
                            title: v
                        };
                    });

                } else if (optarray) {
                    _comboData = optarray.map(function(k) {
                        var v = snake_case ? unsnake(k) : k;
                        return {
                            key: k,
                            value: v,
                            title: v
                        };
                    });
                }

                combobox.data(objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData));
                if (callback) { callback(_comboData); }
            }


            function setTaginfoValues(q, callback) {
                var fn = isMulti ? 'multikeys' : 'values';
                var query = (isMulti ? field.key : '') + q;
                var hasCountryPrefix = isNetwork && _countryCode && _countryCode.indexOf(q.toLowerCase()) === 0;
                if (hasCountryPrefix) {
                    query = _countryCode + ':';
                }

                var params = {
                    debounce: (q !== ''),
                    key: field.key,
                    query: query
                };

                if (_entityIDs.length) {
                    params.geometry = context.graph().geometry(_entityIDs[0]);
                }

                taginfo[fn](params, function(err, data) {
                    if (err) { return; }

                    data = data.filter(function(d) {

                        if (field.type === 'typeCombo' && d.value === 'yes') {
                            // don't show the fallback value
                            return false;
                        }

                        // don't show values with very low usage
                        return !d.count || d.count > 10;
                    });

                    var deprecatedValues = osmEntity.deprecatedTagValuesByKey(_dataDeprecated)[field.key];
                    if (deprecatedValues) {
                        // don't suggest deprecated tag values
                        data = data.filter(function(d) {
                            return deprecatedValues.indexOf(d.value) === -1;
                        });
                    }

                    if (hasCountryPrefix) {
                        data = data.filter(function(d) {
                            return d.value.toLowerCase().indexOf(_countryCode + ':') === 0;
                        });
                    }

                    // hide the caret if there are no suggestions
                    container.classed('empty-combobox', data.length === 0);

                    _comboData = data.map(function(d) {
                        var k = d.value;
                        if (isMulti) { k = k.replace(field.key, ''); }
                        var v = snake_case ? unsnake(k) : k;
                        return {
                            key: k,
                            value: v,
                            title: isMulti ? v : d.title
                        };
                    });

                    _comboData = objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData);
                    if (callback) { callback(_comboData); }
                });
            }


            function setPlaceholder(values) {

                if (isMulti || isSemi) {
                    _staticPlaceholder = field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.add');
                } else {
                    var vals = values
                        .map(function(d) { return d.value; })
                        .filter(function(s) { return s.length < 20; });

                    var placeholders = vals.length > 1 ? vals : values.map(function(d) { return d.key; });
                    _staticPlaceholder = field.placeholder() || placeholders.slice(0, 3).join(', ');
                }

                if (!/(…|\.\.\.)$/.test(_staticPlaceholder)) {
                    _staticPlaceholder += '…';
                }

                var ph;
                if (!isMulti && !isSemi && _tags && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) {
                    ph = _t('inspector.multiple_values');
                } else {
                    ph =  _staticPlaceholder;
                }

                container.selectAll('input')
                    .attr('placeholder', ph);
            }


            function change() {
                var t = {};
                var val;

                if (isMulti || isSemi) {
                    val = tagValue(utilGetSetValue(input).replace(/,/g, ';')) || '';
                    container.classed('active', false);
                    utilGetSetValue(input, '');

                    var vals = val.split(';').filter(Boolean);
                    if (!vals.length) { return; }

                    if (isMulti) {
                        utilArrayUniq(vals).forEach(function(v) {
                            var key = field.key + v;
                            if (_tags) {
                                // don't set a multicombo value to 'yes' if it already has a non-'no' value
                                // e.g. `language:de=main`
                                var old = _tags[key];
                                if (typeof old === 'string' && old.toLowerCase() !== 'no') { return; }
                            }
                            key = context.cleanTagKey(key);
                            field.keys.push(key);
                            t[key] = 'yes';
                        });

                    } else if (isSemi) {
                        var arr = _multiData.map(function(d) { return d.key; });
                        arr = arr.concat(vals);
                        t[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(utilArrayUniq(arr).filter(Boolean).join(';'));
                    }

                    window.setTimeout(function() { input.node().focus(); }, 10);

                } else {
                    var rawValue = utilGetSetValue(input);

                    // don't override multiple values with blank string
                    if (!rawValue && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) { return; }

                    val = context.cleanTagValue(tagValue(rawValue));
                    t[field.key] = val || undefined;
                }

                dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
            }


            function removeMultikey(d) {
                event.stopPropagation();
                var t = {};
                if (isMulti) {
                    t[d.key] = undefined;
                } else if (isSemi) {
                    var arr = _multiData.map(function(md) {
                        return md.key === d.key ? null : md.key;
                    }).filter(Boolean);

                    arr = utilArrayUniq(arr);
                    t[field.key] = arr.length ? arr.join(';') : undefined;
                }
                dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
            }


            function combo(selection) {
                container = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                var type = (isMulti || isSemi) ? 'multicombo': 'combo';
                container = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + type)
                    .merge(container);

                if (isMulti || isSemi) {
                    container = container.selectAll('.chiplist')
                        .data([0]);

                    var listClass = 'chiplist';

                    // Use a separate line for each value in the Destinations field
                    // to mimic highway exit signs
                    if (field.key === 'destination') {
                        listClass += ' full-line-chips';
                    }

                    container = container.enter()
                        .append('ul')
                        .attr('class', listClass)
                        .on('click', function() {
                            window.setTimeout(function() { input.node().focus(); }, 10);
                        })
                        .merge(container);


                    inputWrap = container.selectAll('.input-wrap')
                        .data([0]);

                    inputWrap = inputWrap.enter()
                        .append('li')
                        .attr('class', 'input-wrap')
                        .merge(inputWrap);

                    input = inputWrap.selectAll('input')
                        .data([0]);
                } else {
                    input = container.selectAll('input')
                        .data([0]);
                }

                input = input.enter()
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .attr('id', field.domId)
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .call(initCombo, selection)
                    .merge(input);

                if (isNetwork) {
                    var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
                    var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
                    _countryCode = countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase();
                }

                input
                    .on('change', change)
                    .on('blur', change);

                input
                    .on('keydown.field', function() {
                        switch (event.keyCode) {
                            case 13: // ↩ Return
                                input.node().blur(); // blurring also enters the value
                                event.stopPropagation();
                                break;
                        }
                    });

                if (isMulti || isSemi) {
                    combobox
                        .on('accept', function() {
                            input.node().blur();
                            input.node().focus();
                        });

                    input
                        .on('focus', function() { container.classed('active', true); });
                }
            }


            combo.tags = function(tags) {
                _tags = tags;

                if (isMulti || isSemi) {
                    _multiData = [];

                    var maxLength;

                    if (isMulti) {
                        // Build _multiData array containing keys already set..
                        for (var k in tags) {
                            if (k.indexOf(field.key) !== 0) { continue; }
                            var v = tags[k];
                            if (!v || (typeof v === 'string' && v.toLowerCase() === 'no')) { continue; }

                            var suffix = k.substring(field.key.length);
                            _multiData.push({
                                key: k,
                                value: displayValue(suffix),
                                isMixed: Array.isArray(v)
                            });
                        }

                        // Set keys for form-field modified (needed for undo and reset buttons)..
                        field.keys = _multiData.map(function(d) { return d.key; });

                        // limit the input length so it fits after prepending the key prefix
                        maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagKey() - utilUnicodeCharsCount(field.key);

                    } else if (isSemi) {

                        var allValues = [];
                        var commonValues;
                        if (Array.isArray(tags[field.key])) {

                            tags[field.key].forEach(function(tagVal) {
                                var thisVals = utilArrayUniq((tagVal || '').split(';')).filter(Boolean);
                                allValues = allValues.concat(thisVals);
                                if (!commonValues) {
                                    commonValues = thisVals;
                                } else {
                                    commonValues = commonValues.filter(function (value) { return thisVals.includes(value); });
                                }
                            });
                            allValues = utilArrayUniq(allValues).filter(Boolean);

                        } else {
                            allValues =  utilArrayUniq((tags[field.key] || '').split(';')).filter(Boolean);
                            commonValues = allValues;
                        }

                        _multiData = allValues.map(function(v) {
                            return {
                                key: v,
                                value: displayValue(v),
                                isMixed: !commonValues.includes(v)
                            };
                        });

                        var currLength = utilUnicodeCharsCount(commonValues.join(';'));

                        // limit the input length to the remaining available characters
                        maxLength = context.maxCharsForTagValue() - currLength;

                        if (currLength > 0) {
                            // account for the separator if a new value will be appended to existing
                            maxLength -= 1;
                        }
                    }
                    // a negative maxlength doesn't make sense
                    maxLength = Math.max(0, maxLength);

                    var allowDragAndDrop = isSemi // only semiCombo values are ordered
                        && !Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);

                    // Exclude existing multikeys from combo options..
                    var available = objectDifference(_comboData, _multiData);
                    combobox.data(available);

                    // Hide 'Add' button if this field uses fixed set of
                    // translateable optstrings and they're all currently used,
                    // or if the field is already at its character limit
                    var hideAdd = (optstrings && !available.length) || maxLength <= 0;
                    container.selectAll('.chiplist .input-wrap')
                        .style('display', hideAdd ? 'none' : null);


                    // Render chips
                    var chips = container.selectAll('.chip')
                        .data(_multiData);

                    chips.exit()
                        .remove();

                    var enter = chips.enter()
                        .insert('li', '.input-wrap')
                        .attr('class', 'chip');

                    enter.append('span');
                    enter.append('a');

                    chips = chips.merge(enter)
                        .order()
                        .classed('draggable', allowDragAndDrop)
                        .classed('mixed', function(d) {
                            return d.isMixed;
                        })
                        .attr('title', function(d) {
                            return d.isMixed ? _t('inspector.unshared_value_tooltip') : null;
                        });

                    if (allowDragAndDrop) {
                        registerDragAndDrop(chips);
                    }

                    chips.select('span')
                        .text(function(d) { return d.value; });

                    chips.select('a')
                        .on('click', removeMultikey)
                        .attr('class', 'remove')
                        .text('×');

                } else {
                    var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);

                    var mixedValues = isMixed && tags[field.key].map(function(val) {
                        return displayValue(val);
                    }).filter(Boolean);

                    utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed ? displayValue(tags[field.key]) : '')
                        .attr('title', isMixed ? mixedValues.join('\n') : undefined)
                        .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _staticPlaceholder || '')
                        .classed('mixed', isMixed);
                }
            };

            function registerDragAndDrop(selection) {

                // allow drag and drop re-ordering of chips
                var dragOrigin, targetIndex;
                selection.call(d3_drag()
                    .on('start', function() {
                        dragOrigin = {
                            x: event.x,
                            y: event.y
                        };
                        targetIndex = null;
                    })
                    .on('drag', function(d, index) {
                        var x = event.x - dragOrigin.x,
                            y = event.y - dragOrigin.y;

                        if (!select(this).classed('dragging') &&
                            // don't display drag until dragging beyond a distance threshold
                            Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2)) <= 5) { return; }

                        select(this)
                            .classed('dragging', true);

                        targetIndex = null;
                        var targetIndexOffsetTop = null;
                        var draggedTagWidth = select(this).node().offsetWidth;

                        if (field.key === 'destination') { // meaning tags are full width
                            container.selectAll('.chip')
                                .style('transform', function(d2, index2) {
                                    var node = select(this).node();

                                    if (index === index2) {
                                        return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
                                    // move the dragged tag up the order
                                    } else if (index2 > index && event.y > node.offsetTop) {
                                        if (targetIndex === null || index2 > targetIndex) {
                                            targetIndex = index2;
                                        }
                                        return 'translateY(-100%)';
                                    // move the dragged tag down the order
                                    } else if (index2 < index && event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight) {
                                        if (targetIndex === null || index2 < targetIndex) {
                                            targetIndex = index2;
                                        }
                                        return 'translateY(100%)';
                                    }
                                    return null;
                                });
                        } else {
                            container.selectAll('.chip')
                                .each(function(d2, index2) {
                                    var node = select(this).node();

                                    // check the cursor is in the bounding box
                                    if (
                                        index !== index2 &&
                                        event.x < node.offsetLeft + node.offsetWidth + 5 &&
                                        event.x > node.offsetLeft &&
                                        event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight &&
                                        event.y > node.offsetTop
                                    ) {
                                        targetIndex = index2;
                                        targetIndexOffsetTop = node.offsetTop;
                                    }
                                })
                                .style('transform', function(d2, index2) {
                                    var node = select(this).node();

                                    if (index === index2) {
                                        return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
                                    }

                                    // only translate tags in the same row
                                    if (node.offsetTop === targetIndexOffsetTop) {
                                        if (index2 < index && index2 >= targetIndex) {
                                            return 'translateX(' + draggedTagWidth + 'px)';
                                        } else if (index2 > index && index2 <= targetIndex) {
                                            return 'translateX(-' + draggedTagWidth + 'px)';
                                        }
                                    }
                                    return null;
                                });
                            }
                    })
                    .on('end', function(d, index) {
                        if (!select(this).classed('dragging')) {
                            return;
                        }

                        select(this)
                            .classed('dragging', false);

                        container.selectAll('.chip')
                            .style('transform', null);

                        if (typeof targetIndex === 'number') {
                            var element = _multiData[index];
                            _multiData.splice(index, 1);
                            _multiData.splice(targetIndex, 0, element);

                            var t = {};

                            if (_multiData.length) {
                                t[field.key] = _multiData.map(function(element) {
                                    return element.key;
                                }).join(';');
                            } else {
                                t[field.key] = undefined;
                            }

                            dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
                        }
                        dragOrigin = undefined;
                        targetIndex = undefined;
                    })
                );
            }


            combo.focus = function() {
                input.node().focus();
            };


            combo.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                return combo;
            };


            function combinedEntityExtent() {
                return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
            }


            return utilRebind(combo, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldText(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var input = select(null);
            var outlinkButton = select(null);
            var _entityIDs = [];
            var _tags;
            var _phoneFormats = {};

            if (field.type === 'tel') {
                _mainFileFetcher.get('phone_formats')
                    .then(function(d) {
                        _phoneFormats = d;
                        updatePhonePlaceholder();
                    })
                    .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });
            }

            function i(selection) {
                var entity = _entityIDs.length && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
                var preset = entity && _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
                var isLocked = preset && preset.suggestion && field.id === 'brand';
                field.locked(isLocked);

                var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
                    .merge(wrap);

                input = wrap.selectAll('input')
                    .data([0]);

                input = input.enter()
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', field.type === 'identifier' ? 'text' : field.type)
                    .attr('id', field.domId)
                    .classed(field.type, true)
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .merge(input);

                input
                    .classed('disabled', !!isLocked)
                    .attr('readonly', isLocked || null)
                    .on('input', change(true))
                    .on('blur', change())
                    .on('change', change());


                if (field.type === 'tel') {
                    updatePhonePlaceholder();

                } else if (field.type === 'number') {
                    var rtl = (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl');

                    input.attr('type', 'text');

                    var buttons = wrap.selectAll('.increment, .decrement')
                        .data(rtl ? [1, -1] : [-1, 1]);

                    buttons.enter()
                        .append('button')
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .attr('class', function(d) {
                            var which = (d === 1 ? 'increment' : 'decrement');
                            return 'form-field-button ' + which;
                        })
                        .merge(buttons)
                        .on('click', function(d) {
                            event.preventDefault();
                            var raw_vals = input.node().value || '0';
                            var vals = raw_vals.split(';');
                            vals = vals.map(function(v) {
                                var num = parseFloat(v.trim(), 10);
                                return isFinite(num) ? clamped(num + d) : v.trim();
                            });
                            input.node().value = vals.join(';');
                            change()();
                        });
                } else if (field.type === 'identifier' && field.urlFormat && field.pattern) {

                    input.attr('type', 'text');

                    outlinkButton = wrap.selectAll('.foreign-id-permalink')
                        .data([0]);

                    outlinkButton.enter()
                        .append('button')
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link'))
                        .attr('class', 'form-field-button foreign-id-permalink')
                        .attr('title', function() {
                            var domainResults = /^https?:\/\/(.{1,}?)\//.exec(field.urlFormat);
                            if (domainResults.length >= 2 && domainResults[1]) {
                                var domain = domainResults[1];
                                return _t('icons.view_on', { domain: domain });
                            }
                            return '';
                        })
                        .on('click', function() {
                            event.preventDefault();

                            var value = validIdentifierValueForLink();
                            if (value) {
                                var url = field.urlFormat.replace(/{value}/, encodeURIComponent(value));
                                window.open(url, '_blank');
                            }
                        })
                        .merge(outlinkButton);
                }
            }


            function updatePhonePlaceholder() {
                if (input.empty() || !Object.keys(_phoneFormats).length) { return; }

                var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
                var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
                var format = countryCode && _phoneFormats[countryCode.toLowerCase()];
                if (format) { input.attr('placeholder', format); }
            }


            function validIdentifierValueForLink() {
                if (field.type === 'identifier' && field.pattern) {
                    var value = utilGetSetValue(input).trim().split(';')[0];
                    return value && value.match(new RegExp(field.pattern));
                }
                return null;
            }


            // clamp number to min/max
            function clamped(num) {
                if (field.minValue !== undefined) {
                    num = Math.max(num, field.minValue);
                }
                if (field.maxValue !== undefined) {
                    num = Math.min(num, field.maxValue);
                }
                return num;
            }


            function change(onInput) {
                return function() {
                    var t = {};
                    var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
                    if (!onInput) { val = context.cleanTagValue(val); }

                    // don't override multiple values with blank string
                    if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) { return; }

                    if (!onInput) {
                        if (field.type === 'number' && val) {
                            var vals = val.split(';');
                            vals = vals.map(function(v) {
                                var num = parseFloat(v.trim(), 10);
                                return isFinite(num) ? clamped(num) : v.trim();
                            });
                            val = vals.join(';');
                        }
                        utilGetSetValue(input, val);
                    }
                    t[field.key] = val || undefined;
                    dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
                };
            }


            i.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                return i;
            };


            i.tags = function(tags) {
                _tags = tags;

                var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);

                utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed && tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key] : '')
                    .attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined)
                    .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : (field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.unknown')))
                    .classed('mixed', isMixed);

                if (outlinkButton && !outlinkButton.empty()) {
                    var disabled = !validIdentifierValueForLink();
                    outlinkButton.classed('disabled', disabled);
                }
            };


            i.focus = function() {
                var node = input.node();
                if (node) { node.focus(); }
            };

            function combinedEntityExtent() {
                return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
            }

            return utilRebind(i, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldAccess(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var items = select(null);
            var _tags;

            function access(selection) {
                var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
                    .merge(wrap);

                var list = wrap.selectAll('ul')
                    .data([0]);

                list = list.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'rows')
                    .merge(list);


                items = list.selectAll('li')
                    .data(field.keys);

                // Enter
                var enter = items.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'labeled-input preset-access-' + d; });

                enter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'label preset-label-access')
                    .attr('for', function(d) { return 'preset-input-access-' + d; })
                    .text(function(d) { return field.t('types.' + d); });

                enter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-input-access-wrap')
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'preset-input-access preset-input-access-' + d; })
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .each(function(d) {
                        select(this)
                            .call(uiCombobox(context, 'access-' + d)
                                .data(access.options(d))
                            );
                    });


                // Update
                items = items.merge(enter);

                wrap.selectAll('.preset-input-access')
                    .on('change', change)
                    .on('blur', change);
            }


            function change(d) {
                var tag = {};
                var value = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this)));

                // don't override multiple values with blank string
                if (!value && typeof _tags[d] !== 'string') { return; }

                tag[d] = value || undefined;
                dispatch$1.call('change', this, tag);
            }


            access.options = function(type) {
                var options = ['no', 'permissive', 'private', 'permit', 'destination'];

                if (type !== 'access') {
                    options.unshift('yes');
                    options.push('designated');

                    if (type === 'bicycle') {
                        options.push('dismount');
                    }
                }

                return options.map(function(option) {
                    return {
                        title: field.t('options.' + option + '.description'),
                        value: option
                    };
                });
            };


            var placeholdersByHighway = {
                footway: {
                    foot: 'designated',
                    motor_vehicle: 'no'
                },
                steps: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'no',
                    bicycle: 'no',
                    horse: 'no'
                },
                pedestrian: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'no'
                },
                cycleway: {
                    motor_vehicle: 'no',
                    bicycle: 'designated'
                },
                bridleway: {
                    motor_vehicle: 'no',
                    horse: 'designated'
                },
                path: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'no',
                    bicycle: 'yes',
                    horse: 'yes'
                },
                motorway: {
                    foot: 'no',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'no',
                    horse: 'no'
                },
                trunk: {
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes'
                },
                primary: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'yes',
                    horse: 'yes'
                },
                secondary: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'yes',
                    horse: 'yes'
                },
                tertiary: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'yes',
                    horse: 'yes'
                },
                residential: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'yes',
                    horse: 'yes'
                },
                unclassified: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'yes',
                    horse: 'yes'
                },
                service: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'yes',
                    horse: 'yes'
                },
                motorway_link: {
                    foot: 'no',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'no',
                    horse: 'no'
                },
                trunk_link: {
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes'
                },
                primary_link: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'yes',
                    horse: 'yes'
                },
                secondary_link: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'yes',
                    horse: 'yes'
                },
                tertiary_link: {
                    foot: 'yes',
                    motor_vehicle: 'yes',
                    bicycle: 'yes',
                    horse: 'yes'
                }
            };


            access.tags = function(tags) {
                _tags = tags;

                utilGetSetValue(items.selectAll('.preset-input-access'), function(d) {
                        return typeof tags[d] === 'string' ? tags[d] : '';
                    })
                    .classed('mixed', function(d) {
                        return tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d]);
                    })
                    .attr('title', function(d) {
                        return tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d]) && tags[d].filter(Boolean).join('\n');
                    })
                    .attr('placeholder', function(d) {
                        if (tags[d] && Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
                            return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
                        }
                        if (d === 'access') {
                            return 'yes';
                        }
                        if (tags.access && typeof tags.access === 'string') {
                            return tags.access;
                        }
                        if (tags.highway) {
                            if (typeof tags.highway === 'string') {
                                if (placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway] &&
                                    placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway][d]) {

                                    return placeholdersByHighway[tags.highway][d];
                                }
                            } else {
                                var impliedAccesses = tags.highway.filter(Boolean).map(function(highwayVal) {
                                    return placeholdersByHighway[highwayVal] && placeholdersByHighway[highwayVal][d];
                                }).filter(Boolean);

                                if (impliedAccesses.length === tags.highway.length &&
                                    new Set(impliedAccesses).size === 1) {
                                    // if all the highway values have the same implied access for this type then use that
                                    return impliedAccesses[0];
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        return field.placeholder();
                    });
            };


            access.focus = function() {
                items.selectAll('.preset-input-access')
                    .node().focus();
            };


            return utilRebind(access, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldAddress(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var _selection = select(null);
            var _wrap = select(null);
            var addrField = _mainPresetIndex.field('address');   // needed for placeholder strings

            var _entityIDs = [];
            var _tags;
            var _countryCode;
            var _addressFormats = [{
                format: [
                    ['housenumber', 'street'],
                    ['city', 'postcode']
                ]
              }];

            _mainFileFetcher.get('address_formats')
                .then(function(d) {
                    _addressFormats = d;
                    if (!_selection.empty()) {
                        _selection.call(address);
                    }
                })
                .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });


            function getNearStreets() {
                var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
                var l = extent.center();
                var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);

                var streets = context.history().intersects(box)
                    .filter(isAddressable)
                    .map(function(d) {
                        var loc = context.projection([
                            (extent[0][0] + extent[1][0]) / 2,
                            (extent[0][1] + extent[1][1]) / 2
                        ]);
                        var choice = geoChooseEdge(context.graph().childNodes(d), loc, context.projection);

                        return {
                            title: d.tags.name,
                            value: d.tags.name,
                            dist: choice.distance
                        };
                    })
                    .sort(function(a, b) {
                        return a.dist - b.dist;
                    });

                return utilArrayUniqBy(streets, 'value');

                function isAddressable(d) {
                    return d.tags.highway && d.tags.name && d.type === 'way';
                }
            }


            function getNearCities() {
                var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
                var l = extent.center();
                var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);

                var cities = context.history().intersects(box)
                    .filter(isAddressable)
                    .map(function(d) {
                        return {
                            title: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
                            value: d.tags['addr:city'] || d.tags.name,
                            dist: geoSphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
                        };
                    })
                    .sort(function(a, b) {
                        return a.dist - b.dist;
                    });

                return utilArrayUniqBy(cities, 'value');


                function isAddressable(d) {
                    if (d.tags.name) {
                        if (d.tags.admin_level === '8' && d.tags.boundary === 'administrative')
                            { return true; }
                        if (d.tags.border_type === 'city')
                            { return true; }
                        if (d.tags.place === 'city' || d.tags.place === 'town' || d.tags.place === 'village')
                            { return true; }
                    }

                    if (d.tags['addr:city'])
                        { return true; }

                    return false;
                }
            }

            function getNearValues(key) {
                var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
                var l = extent.center();
                var box = geoExtent(l).padByMeters(200);

                var results = context.history().intersects(box)
                    .filter(function hasTag(d) { return _entityIDs.indexOf(d.id) === -1 && d.tags[key]; })
                    .map(function(d) {
                        return {
                            title: d.tags[key],
                            value: d.tags[key],
                            dist: geoSphericalDistance(d.extent(context.graph()).center(), l)
                        };
                    })
                    .sort(function(a, b) {
                        return a.dist - b.dist;
                    });

                return utilArrayUniqBy(results, 'value');
            }


            function updateForCountryCode() {

                if (!_countryCode) { return; }

                var addressFormat;
                for (var i = 0; i < _addressFormats.length; i++) {
                    var format = _addressFormats[i];
                    if (!format.countryCodes) {
                        addressFormat = format;   // choose the default format, keep going
                    } else if (format.countryCodes.indexOf(_countryCode) !== -1) {
                        addressFormat = format;   // choose the country format, stop here
                        break;
                    }
                }

                var dropdowns = addressFormat.dropdowns || [
                    'city', 'county', 'country', 'district', 'hamlet',
                    'neighbourhood', 'place', 'postcode', 'province',
                    'quarter', 'state', 'street', 'subdistrict', 'suburb'
                ];

                var widths = addressFormat.widths || {
                    housenumber: 1/3, street: 2/3,
                    city: 2/3, state: 1/4, postcode: 1/3
                };

                function row(r) {
                    // Normalize widths.
                    var total = r.reduce(function(sum, key) {
                        return sum + (widths[key] || 0.5);
                    }, 0);

                    return r.map(function(key) {
                        return {
                            id: key,
                            width: (widths[key] || 0.5) / total
                        };
                    });
                }

                var rows = _wrap.selectAll('.addr-row')
                    .data(addressFormat.format, function(d) {
                        return d.toString();
                    });

                rows.exit()
                    .remove();

                rows
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'addr-row')
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .data(row)
                    .enter()
                    .append('input')
                    .property('type', 'text')
                    .call(updatePlaceholder)
                    .attr('class', function (d) { return 'addr-' + d.id; })
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .each(addDropdown)
                    .style('width', function (d) { return d.width * 100 + '%'; });


                function addDropdown(d) {
                    if (dropdowns.indexOf(d.id) === -1) { return; }  // not a dropdown

                    var nearValues = (d.id === 'street') ? getNearStreets
                        : (d.id === 'city') ? getNearCities
                        : getNearValues;

                    select(this)
                        .call(uiCombobox(context, 'address-' + d.id)
                            .minItems(1)
                            .caseSensitive(true)
                            .fetcher(function(value, callback) {
                                callback(nearValues('addr:' + d.id));
                            })
                        );
                }

                _wrap.selectAll('input')
                    .on('blur', change())
                    .on('change', change());

                _wrap.selectAll('input:not(.combobox-input)')
                    .on('input', change(true));

                if (_tags) { updateTags(_tags); }
            }


            function address(selection) {
                _selection = selection;

                _wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                _wrap = _wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
                    .merge(_wrap);

                var extent = combinedEntityExtent();

                if (extent) {
                    var countryCode;
                    if (context.inIntro()) {
                        // localize the address format for the walkthrough
                        countryCode = _t('intro.graph.countrycode');
                    } else {
                        var center = extent.center();
                        countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);
                    }
                    if (countryCode) {
                        _countryCode = countryCode.toLowerCase();
                        updateForCountryCode();
                    }
                }
            }


            function change(onInput) {
                return function() {
                    var tags = {};

                    _wrap.selectAll('input')
                        .each(function (subfield) {
                            var key = field.key + ':' + subfield.id;

                            var value = this.value;
                            if (!onInput) { value = context.cleanTagValue(value); }

                            // don't override multiple values with blank string
                            if (Array.isArray(_tags[key]) && !value) { return; }

                            tags[key] = value || undefined;
                        });

                    dispatch$1.call('change', this, tags, onInput);
                };
            }

            function updatePlaceholder(inputSelection) {
                return inputSelection.attr('placeholder', function(subfield) {
                    if (_tags && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id])) {
                        return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
                    }
                    if (_countryCode) {
                        var localkey = subfield.id + '!' + _countryCode;
                        var tkey = addrField.strings.placeholders[localkey] ? localkey : subfield.id;
                        return addrField.t('placeholders.' + tkey);
                    }
                });
            }


            function updateTags(tags) {
                utilGetSetValue(_wrap.selectAll('input'), function (subfield) {
                        var val = tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id];
                        return typeof val === 'string' ? val : '';
                    })
                    .attr('title', function(subfield) {
                        var val = tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id];
                        return val && Array.isArray(val) && val.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
                    })
                    .classed('mixed', function(subfield) {
                        return Array.isArray(tags[field.key + ':' + subfield.id]);
                    })
                    .call(updatePlaceholder);
            }


            function combinedEntityExtent() {
                return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
            }


            address.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                return address;
            };


            address.tags = function(tags) {
                _tags = tags;
                updateTags(tags);
            };


            address.focus = function() {
                var node = _wrap.selectAll('input').node();
                if (node) { node.focus(); }
            };


            return utilRebind(address, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldCycleway(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var items = select(null);
            var wrap = select(null);
            var _tags;

            function cycleway(selection) {

                function stripcolon(s) {
                    return s.replace(':', '');
                }


                wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
                    .merge(wrap);


                var div = wrap.selectAll('ul')
                    .data([0]);

                div = div.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'rows')
                    .merge(div);

                var keys = ['cycleway:left', 'cycleway:right'];

                items = div.selectAll('li')
                    .data(keys);

                var enter = items.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'labeled-input preset-cycleway-' + stripcolon(d); });

                enter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'label preset-label-cycleway')
                    .attr('for', function(d) { return 'preset-input-cycleway-' + stripcolon(d); })
                    .text(function(d) { return field.t('types.' + d); });

                enter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-input-cycleway-wrap')
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'preset-input-cycleway preset-input-' + stripcolon(d); })
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .each(function(d) {
                        select(this)
                            .call(uiCombobox(context, 'cycleway-' + stripcolon(d))
                                .data(cycleway.options(d))
                            );
                    });

                items = items.merge(enter);

                // Update
                wrap.selectAll('.preset-input-cycleway')
                    .on('change', change)
                    .on('blur', change);
            }


            function change(key) {

                var newValue = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this)));

                // don't override multiple values with blank string
                if (!newValue && (Array.isArray(_tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(_tags[key]))) { return; }

                if (newValue === 'none' || newValue === '') { newValue = undefined; }

                var otherKey = key === 'cycleway:left' ? 'cycleway:right' : 'cycleway:left';
                var otherValue = typeof _tags.cycleway === 'string' ? _tags.cycleway : _tags[otherKey];
                if (otherValue && Array.isArray(otherValue)) {
                    // we must always have an explicit value for comparison
                    otherValue = otherValue[0];
                }
                if (otherValue === 'none' || otherValue === '') { otherValue = undefined; }

                var tag = {};

                // If the left and right tags match, use the cycleway tag to tag both
                // sides the same way
                if (newValue === otherValue) {
                    tag = {
                        cycleway: newValue,
                        'cycleway:left': undefined,
                        'cycleway:right': undefined
                    };
                } else {
                    // Always set both left and right as changing one can affect the other
                    tag = {
                        cycleway: undefined
                    };
                    tag[key] = newValue;
                    tag[otherKey] = otherValue;
                }

                dispatch$1.call('change', this, tag);
            }


            cycleway.options = function() {
                return Object.keys(field.strings.options).map(function(option) {
                    return {
                        title: field.t('options.' + option + '.description'),
                        value: option
                    };
                });
            };


            cycleway.tags = function(tags) {
                _tags = tags;

                // If cycleway is set, use that instead of individual values
                var commonValue = typeof tags.cycleway === 'string' && tags.cycleway;

                utilGetSetValue(items.selectAll('.preset-input-cycleway'), function(d) {
                        if (commonValue) { return commonValue; }
                        return !tags.cycleway && typeof tags[d] === 'string' ? tags[d] : '';
                    })
                    .attr('title', function(d) {
                        if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
                            var vals = [];
                            if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway)) {
                                vals = vals.concat(tags.cycleway);
                            }
                            if (Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
                                vals = vals.concat(tags[d]);
                            }
                            return vals.filter(Boolean).join('\n');
                        }
                        return null;
                    })
                    .attr('placeholder', function(d) {
                        if (Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d])) {
                            return _t('inspector.multiple_values');
                        }
                        return field.placeholder();
                    })
                    .classed('mixed', function(d) {
                        return Array.isArray(tags.cycleway) || Array.isArray(tags[d]);
                    });
            };


            cycleway.focus = function() {
                var node = wrap.selectAll('input').node();
                if (node) { node.focus(); }
            };


            return utilRebind(cycleway, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldLanes(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var LANE_WIDTH = 40;
            var LANE_HEIGHT = 200;
            var _entityIDs = [];

            function lanes(selection) {
                var lanesData = context.entity(_entityIDs[0]).lanes();

                if (!context.container().select('.inspector-wrap.inspector-hidden').empty() || !selection.node().parentNode) {
                    selection.call(lanes.off);
                    return;
                }

                var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
                    .merge(wrap);

                var surface =  wrap.selectAll('.surface')
                    .data([0]);

                var d = utilGetDimensions(wrap);
                var freeSpace = d[0] - lanesData.lanes.length * LANE_WIDTH * 1.5 + LANE_WIDTH * 0.5;

                surface = surface.enter()
                    .append('svg')
                    .attr('width', d[0])
                    .attr('height', 300)
                    .attr('class', 'surface')
                    .merge(surface);


                var lanesSelection = surface.selectAll('.lanes')
                    .data([0]);

                lanesSelection = lanesSelection.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'lanes')
                    .merge(lanesSelection);

                lanesSelection
                    .attr('transform', function () {
                        return 'translate(' + (freeSpace / 2) + ', 0)';
                    });


                var lane = lanesSelection.selectAll('.lane')
                   .data(lanesData.lanes);

                lane.exit()
                    .remove();

                var enter = lane.enter()
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'lane');

                enter
                    .append('g')
                    .append('rect')
                    .attr('y', 50)
                    .attr('width', LANE_WIDTH)
                    .attr('height', LANE_HEIGHT);

                enter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'forward')
                    .append('text')
                    .attr('y', 40)
                    .attr('x', 14)
                    .text('▲');

                enter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'bothways')
                    .append('text')
                    .attr('y', 40)
                    .attr('x', 14)
                    .text('▲▼');

                enter
                    .append('g')
                    .attr('class', 'backward')
                    .append('text')
                    .attr('y', 40)
                    .attr('x', 14)
                    .text('▼');


                lane = lane
                    .merge(enter);

                lane
                    .attr('transform', function(d) {
                        return 'translate(' + (LANE_WIDTH * d.index * 1.5) + ', 0)';
                    });

                lane.select('.forward')
                    .style('visibility', function(d) {
                        return d.direction === 'forward' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
                    });

                lane.select('.bothways')
                    .style('visibility', function(d) {
                        return d.direction === 'bothways' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
                    });

                lane.select('.backward')
                    .style('visibility', function(d) {
                        return d.direction === 'backward' ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
                    });
            }


            lanes.entityIDs = function(val) {
                _entityIDs = val;
            };

            lanes.tags = function() {};
            lanes.focus = function() {};
            lanes.off = function() {};

            return utilRebind(lanes, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        uiFieldLanes.supportsMultiselection = false;

        var _languagesArray = [];


        function uiFieldLocalized(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'input');
            var wikipedia = services.wikipedia;
            var input = select(null);
            var localizedInputs = select(null);
            var _countryCode;
            var _tags;


            // A concern here in switching to async data means that _languagesArray will not
            // be available the first time through, so things like the fetchers and
            // the language() function will not work immediately.
            _mainFileFetcher.get('languages')
                .then(loadLanguagesArray)
                .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });

            var _territoryLanguages = {};
            _mainFileFetcher.get('territory_languages')
                .then(function(d) { _territoryLanguages = d; })
                .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });


            var allSuggestions = _mainPresetIndex.collection.filter(function(p) {
                return p.suggestion === true;
            });

            // reuse these combos
            var langCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'localized-lang')
                .fetcher(fetchLanguages)
                .minItems(0);

            var brandCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'localized-brand')
                .canAutocomplete(false)
                .minItems(1);

            var _selection = select(null);
            var _multilingual = [];
            var _buttonTip = uiTooltip()
                .title(_t('translate.translate'))
                .placement('left');
            var _wikiTitles;
            var _entityIDs = [];


            function loadLanguagesArray(dataLanguages) {
                if (_languagesArray.length !== 0) { return; }

                // some conversion is needed to ensure correct OSM tags are used
                var replacements = {
                    sr: 'sr-Cyrl',      // in OSM, `sr` implies Cyrillic
                    'sr-Cyrl': false    // `sr-Cyrl` isn't used in OSM
                };

                for (var code in dataLanguages) {
                    if (replacements[code] === false) { continue; }
                    var metaCode = code;
                    if (replacements[code]) { metaCode = replacements[code]; }

                    _languagesArray.push({
                        localName: _mainLocalizer.languageName(metaCode, { localOnly: true }),
                        nativeName: dataLanguages[metaCode].nativeName,
                        code: code,
                        label: _mainLocalizer.languageName(metaCode)
                    });
                }
            }


            function calcLocked() {

                // only lock the Name field
                var isLocked = field.id === 'name' &&
                    _entityIDs.length &&
                    // lock the field if any feature needs it
                    _entityIDs.some(function(entityID) {

                        var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(entityID);
                        if (!entity) { return false; }

                        var original = context.graph().base().entities[_entityIDs[0]];
                        var hasOriginalName = original && entity.tags.name && entity.tags.name === original.tags.name;
                        // if the name was already edited manually then allow further editing
                        if (!hasOriginalName) { return false; }

                        // features linked to Wikidata are likely important and should be protected
                        if (entity.tags.wikidata) { return true; }

                        // assume the name has already been confirmed if its source has been researched
                        if (entity.tags['name:etymology:wikidata']) { return true; }

                        var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph());
                        var isSuggestion = preset && preset.suggestion;
                        var showsBrand = preset && preset.originalFields.filter(function(d) {
                            return d.id === 'brand';
                        }).length;
                        // protect standardized brand names
                        return isSuggestion && !showsBrand;
                    });

                field.locked(isLocked);
            }


            // update _multilingual, maintaining the existing order
            function calcMultilingual(tags) {
                var existingLangsOrdered = _multilingual.map(function(item) {
                    return item.lang;
                });
                var existingLangs = new Set(existingLangsOrdered.filter(Boolean));

                for (var k in tags) {
                    var m = k.match(/^(.*):([a-zA-Z_-]+)$/);
                    if (m && m[1] === field.key && m[2]) {
                        var item = { lang: m[2], value: tags[k] };
                        if (existingLangs.has(item.lang)) {
                            // update the value
                            _multilingual[existingLangsOrdered.indexOf(item.lang)].value = item.value;
                            existingLangs.delete(item.lang);
                        } else {
                            _multilingual.push(item);
                        }
                    }
                }

                _multilingual = _multilingual.filter(function(item) {
                    return !item.lang || !existingLangs.has(item.lang);
                });
            }


            function localized(selection) {
                _selection = selection;
                calcLocked();
                var isLocked = field.locked();
                var singularEntity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
                var preset = singularEntity && _mainPresetIndex.match(singularEntity, context.graph());

                var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter/update
                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
                    .merge(wrap);

                input = wrap.selectAll('.localized-main')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter/update
                input = input.enter()
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .attr('id', field.domId)
                    .attr('class', 'localized-main')
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .merge(input);

                if (preset && field.id === 'name') {
                    var pTag = preset.id.split('/', 2);
                    var pKey = pTag[0];
                    var pValue = pTag[1];

                    if (!preset.suggestion) {
                        // Not a suggestion preset - Add a suggestions dropdown if it makes sense to.
                        // This code attempts to determine if the matched preset is the
                        // kind of preset that even can benefit from name suggestions..
                        // - true = shops, cafes, hotels, etc. (also generic and fallback presets)
                        // - false = churches, parks, hospitals, etc. (things not in the index)
                        var isFallback = preset.isFallback();
                        var goodSuggestions = allSuggestions.filter(function(s) {
                            if (isFallback) { return true; }
                            var sTag = s.id.split('/', 2);
                            var sKey = sTag[0];
                            var sValue = sTag[1];
                            return pKey === sKey && (!pValue || pValue === sValue);
                        });

                        // Show the suggestions.. If the user picks one, change the tags..
                        if (allSuggestions.length && goodSuggestions.length) {
                            input
                                .on('blur.localized', checkBrandOnBlur)
                                .call(brandCombo
                                    .fetcher(fetchBrandNames(preset, allSuggestions))
                                    .on('accept', acceptBrand)
                                    .on('cancel', cancelBrand)
                                );
                        }
                    }
                }

                input
                    .classed('disabled', !!isLocked)
                    .attr('readonly', isLocked || null)
                    .on('input', change(true))
                    .on('blur', change())
                    .on('change', change());


                var translateButton = wrap.selectAll('.localized-add')
                    .data([0]);

                translateButton = translateButton.enter()
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'localized-add form-field-button')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus'))
                    .merge(translateButton);

                translateButton
                    .classed('disabled', !!isLocked)
                    .call(isLocked ? _buttonTip.destroy : _buttonTip)
                    .on('click', addNew);


                if (_tags && !_multilingual.length) {
                    calcMultilingual(_tags);
                }

                localizedInputs = selection.selectAll('.localized-multilingual')
                    .data([0]);

                localizedInputs = localizedInputs.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'localized-multilingual')
                    .merge(localizedInputs);

                localizedInputs
                    .call(renderMultilingual);

                localizedInputs.selectAll('button, input')
                    .classed('disabled', !!isLocked)
                    .attr('readonly', isLocked || null);



                // We are not guaranteed to get an `accept` or `cancel` when blurring the field.
                // (This can happen if the user actives the combo, arrows down, and then clicks off to blur)
                // So compare the current field value against the suggestions one last time.
                function checkBrandOnBlur() {
                    var latest = _entityIDs.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
                    if (!latest) { return; }   // deleting the entity blurred the field?

                    var preset = _mainPresetIndex.match(latest, context.graph());
                    if (preset && preset.suggestion) { return; }   // already accepted

                    // note: here we are testing against "decorated" names, i.e. 'Starbucks – Cafe'
                    var name = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();
                    var matched = allSuggestions.filter(function(s) { return name === s.name(); });

                    if (matched.length === 1) {
                        acceptBrand({ suggestion: matched[0] });
                    } else {
                        cancelBrand();
                    }
                }


                function acceptBrand(d) {

                    var entity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);

                    if (!d || !entity) {
                        cancelBrand();
                        return;
                    }

                    var tags = entity.tags;
                    var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());
                    var removed = preset.unsetTags(tags, geometry);
                    for (var k in tags) {
                        tags[k] = removed[k];  // set removed tags to `undefined`
                    }
                    tags = d.suggestion.setTags(tags, geometry);
                    utilGetSetValue(input, tags.name);
                    dispatch$1.call('change', this, tags);
                }


                // user hit escape, clean whatever preset name appears after the last ' – '
                function cancelBrand() {
                    var name = utilGetSetValue(input);
                    var clean = cleanName(name);
                    if (clean !== name) {
                        utilGetSetValue(input, clean);
                        dispatch$1.call('change', this, { name: clean });
                    }
                }

                // Remove whatever is after the last ' – '
                // NOTE: split/join on en-dash, not a hyphen (to avoid conflict with fr - nl names in Brussels etc)
                function cleanName(name) {
                    var parts = name.split(' – ');
                    if (parts.length > 1) {
                        parts.pop();
                        name = parts.join(' – ');
                    }
                    return name;
                }


                function fetchBrandNames(preset, suggestions) {
                    var pTag = preset.id.split('/', 2);
                    var pKey = pTag[0];
                    var pValue = pTag[1];

                    return function(value, callback) {
                        var results = [];
                        if (value && value.length > 2) {
                            for (var i = 0; i < suggestions.length; i++) {
                                var s = suggestions[i];

                                // don't suggest brands from incompatible countries
                                if (_countryCode && s.countryCodes &&
                                    s.countryCodes.indexOf(_countryCode) === -1) { continue; }

                                var sTag = s.id.split('/', 2);
                                var sKey = sTag[0];
                                var sValue = sTag[1];
                                var name = s.name();
                                var dist = utilEditDistance(value, name.substring(0, value.length));
                                var matchesPreset = (pKey === sKey && (!pValue || pValue === sValue));

                                if (dist < 1 || (matchesPreset && dist < 3)) {
                                    var obj = {
                                        title: name,
                                        value: name,
                                        suggestion: s,
                                        dist: dist + (matchesPreset ? 0 : 1)  // penalize if not matched preset
                                    };
                                    results.push(obj);
                                }
                            }
                            results.sort(function(a, b) { return a.dist - b.dist; });
                        }
                        results = results.slice(0, 10);
                        callback(results);
                    };
                }


                function addNew() {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    if (field.locked()) { return; }

                    var defaultLang = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();
                    var langExists = _multilingual.find(function(datum) { return datum.lang === defaultLang; });
                    var isLangEn = defaultLang.indexOf('en') > -1;
                    if (isLangEn || langExists) {
                        defaultLang = '';
                        langExists = _multilingual.find(function(datum) { return datum.lang === defaultLang; });
                    }

                    if (!langExists) {
                        // prepend the value so it appears at the top
                        _multilingual.unshift({ lang: defaultLang, value: '' });

                        localizedInputs
                            .call(renderMultilingual);
                    }
                }


                function change(onInput) {
                    return function() {
                        if (field.locked()) {
                            event.preventDefault();
                            return;
                        }

                        var val = utilGetSetValue(select(this));
                        if (!onInput) { val = context.cleanTagValue(val); }

                        // don't override multiple values with blank string
                        if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) { return; }

                        var t = {};

                        t[field.key] = val || undefined;
                        dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
                    };
                }
            }


            function key(lang) {
                return field.key + ':' + lang;
            }


            function changeLang(d) {
                var tags = {};

                // make sure unrecognized suffixes are lowercase - #7156
                var lang = utilGetSetValue(select(this)).toLowerCase();

                var language = _languagesArray.find(function(d) {
                    return d.label.toLowerCase() === lang ||
                        (d.localName && d.localName.toLowerCase() === lang) ||
                        (d.nativeName && d.nativeName.toLowerCase() === lang);
                });
                if (language) { lang = language.code; }

                if (d.lang && d.lang !== lang) {
                    tags[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
                }

                var newKey = lang && context.cleanTagKey(key(lang));

                var value = utilGetSetValue(select(this.parentNode).selectAll('.localized-value'));

                if (newKey && value) {
                    tags[newKey] = value;
                } else if (newKey && _wikiTitles && _wikiTitles[d.lang]) {
                    tags[newKey] = _wikiTitles[d.lang];
                }

                d.lang = lang;
                dispatch$1.call('change', this, tags);
            }


            function changeValue(d) {
                if (!d.lang) { return; }
                var value = context.cleanTagValue(utilGetSetValue(select(this))) || undefined;

                // don't override multiple values with blank string
                if (!value && Array.isArray(d.value)) { return; }

                var t = {};
                t[key(d.lang)] = value;
                d.value = value;
                dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
            }


            function fetchLanguages(value, cb) {
                var v = value.toLowerCase();

                // show the user's language first
                var langCodes = [_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), _mainLocalizer.languageCode()];

                if (_countryCode && _territoryLanguages[_countryCode]) {
                    langCodes = langCodes.concat(_territoryLanguages[_countryCode]);
                }

                var langItems = [];
                langCodes.forEach(function(code) {
                    var langItem = _languagesArray.find(function(item) {
                        return item.code === code;
                    });
                    if (langItem) { langItems.push(langItem); }
                });
                langItems = utilArrayUniq(langItems.concat(_languagesArray));

                cb(langItems.filter(function(d) {
                    return d.label.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 ||
                        (d.localName && d.localName.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0) ||
                        (d.nativeName && d.nativeName.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0) ||
                        d.code.toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0;
                }).map(function(d) {
                    return { value: d.label };
                }));
            }


            function renderMultilingual(selection) {
                var entries = selection.selectAll('div.entry')
                    .data(_multilingual, function(d) { return d.lang; });

                entries.exit()
                    .style('top', '0')
                    .style('max-height', '240px')
                    .transition()
                    .duration(200)
                    .style('opacity', '0')
                    .style('max-height', '0px')
                    .remove();

                var entriesEnter = entries.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'entry')
                    .each(function(_, index) {
                        var wrap = select(this);

                        var domId = utilUniqueDomId(index);

                        var label = wrap
                            .append('label')
                            .attr('class', 'field-label')
                            .attr('for', domId);

                        var text = label
                            .append('span')
                            .attr('class', 'label-text');

                        text
                            .append('span')
                            .attr('class', 'label-textvalue')
                            .text(_t('translate.localized_translation_label'));

                        text
                            .append('span')
                            .attr('class', 'label-textannotation');

                        label
                            .append('button')
                            .attr('class', 'remove-icon-multilingual')
                            .on('click', function(d, index) {
                                if (field.locked()) { return; }
                                event.preventDefault();

                                if (!d.lang || !d.value) {
                                    _multilingual.splice(index, 1);
                                    renderMultilingual(selection);
                                } else {
                                    // remove from entity tags
                                    var t = {};
                                    t[key(d.lang)] = undefined;
                                    dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
                                }

                            })
                            .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));

                        wrap
                            .append('input')
                            .attr('class', 'localized-lang')
                            .attr('id', domId)
                            .attr('type', 'text')
                            .attr('placeholder', _t('translate.localized_translation_language'))
                            .on('blur', changeLang)
                            .on('change', changeLang)
                            .call(langCombo);

                        wrap
                            .append('input')
                            .attr('type', 'text')
                            .attr('class', 'localized-value')
                            .on('blur', changeValue)
                            .on('change', changeValue);
                    });

                entriesEnter
                    .style('margin-top', '0px')
                    .style('max-height', '0px')
                    .style('opacity', '0')
                    .transition()
                    .duration(200)
                    .style('margin-top', '10px')
                    .style('max-height', '240px')
                    .style('opacity', '1')
                    .on('end', function() {
                        select(this)
                            .style('max-height', '')
                            .style('overflow', 'visible');
                    });

                entries = entries.merge(entriesEnter);

                entries.order();

                entries.classed('present', function(d) {
                    return d.lang && d.value;
                });

                utilGetSetValue(entries.select('.localized-lang'), function(d) {
                    return _mainLocalizer.languageName(d.lang);
                });

                utilGetSetValue(entries.select('.localized-value'), function(d) {
                        return typeof d.value === 'string' ? d.value : '';
                    })
                    .attr('title', function(d) {
                        return Array.isArray(d.value) ? d.value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null;
                    })
                    .attr('placeholder', function(d) {
                        return Array.isArray(d.value) ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : _t('translate.localized_translation_name');
                    })
                    .classed('mixed', function(d) {
                        return Array.isArray(d.value);
                    });
            }


            localized.tags = function(tags) {
                _tags = tags;

                // Fetch translations from wikipedia
                if (typeof tags.wikipedia === 'string' && !_wikiTitles) {
                    _wikiTitles = {};
                    var wm = tags.wikipedia.match(/([^:]+):(.+)/);
                    if (wm && wm[0] && wm[1]) {
                        wikipedia.translations(wm[1], wm[2], function(err, d) {
                            if (err || !d) { return; }
                            _wikiTitles = d;
                        });
                    }
                }

                var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);

                utilGetSetValue(input, typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' ? tags[field.key] : '')
                    .attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined)
                    .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder())
                    .classed('mixed', isMixed);

                calcMultilingual(tags);

                _selection
                    .call(localized);
            };


            localized.focus = function() {
                input.node().focus();
            };


            localized.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                _multilingual = [];
                loadCountryCode();
                return localized;
            };

            function loadCountryCode() {
                var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
                var countryCode = extent && iso1A2Code(extent.center());
                _countryCode = countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase();
            }

            function combinedEntityExtent() {
                return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
            }

            return utilRebind(localized, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldMaxspeed(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var unitInput = select(null);
            var input = select(null);
            var _entityIDs = [];
            var _tags;
            var _isImperial;

            var speedCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'maxspeed');
            var unitCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'maxspeed-unit')
                    .data(['km/h', 'mph'].map(comboValues));

            var metricValues = [20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120];
            var imperialValues = [5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80];


            function maxspeed(selection) {

                var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
                    .merge(wrap);


                input = wrap.selectAll('input.maxspeed-number')
                    .data([0]);

                input = input.enter()
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .attr('class', 'maxspeed-number')
                    .attr('id', field.domId)
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .call(speedCombo)
                    .merge(input);

                input
                    .on('change', change)
                    .on('blur', change);

                var loc = combinedEntityExtent().center();
                _isImperial = roadSpeedUnit(loc) === 'mph';

                unitInput = wrap.selectAll('input.maxspeed-unit')
                    .data([0]);

                unitInput = unitInput.enter()
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .attr('class', 'maxspeed-unit')
                    .call(unitCombo)
                    .merge(unitInput);

                unitInput
                    .on('blur', changeUnits)
                    .on('change', changeUnits);


                function changeUnits() {
                    _isImperial = utilGetSetValue(unitInput) === 'mph';
                    utilGetSetValue(unitInput, _isImperial ? 'mph' : 'km/h');
                    setUnitSuggestions();
                    change();
                }
            }


            function setUnitSuggestions() {
                speedCombo.data((_isImperial ? imperialValues : metricValues).map(comboValues));
                utilGetSetValue(unitInput, _isImperial ? 'mph' : 'km/h');
            }


            function comboValues(d) {
                return {
                    value: d.toString(),
                    title: d.toString()
                };
            }


            function change() {
                var tag = {};
                var value = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();

                // don't override multiple values with blank string
                if (!value && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) { return; }

                if (!value) {
                    tag[field.key] = undefined;
                } else if (isNaN(value) || !_isImperial) {
                    tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(value);
                } else {
                    tag[field.key] = context.cleanTagValue(value + ' mph');
                }

                dispatch$1.call('change', this, tag);
            }


            maxspeed.tags = function(tags) {
                _tags = tags;

                var value = tags[field.key];
                var isMixed = Array.isArray(value);

                if (!isMixed) {
                    if (value && value.indexOf('mph') >= 0) {
                        value = parseInt(value, 10).toString();
                        _isImperial = true;
                    } else if (value) {
                        _isImperial = false;
                    }
                }

                setUnitSuggestions();

                utilGetSetValue(input, typeof value === 'string' ? value : '')
                    .attr('title', isMixed ? value.filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null)
                    .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : field.placeholder())
                    .classed('mixed', isMixed);
            };


            maxspeed.focus = function() {
                input.node().focus();
            };


            maxspeed.entityIDs = function(val) {
                _entityIDs = val;
            };


            function combinedEntityExtent() {
                return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length && utilTotalExtent(_entityIDs, context.graph());
            }


            return utilRebind(maxspeed, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldRadio(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var placeholder = select(null);
            var wrap = select(null);
            var labels = select(null);
            var radios = select(null);
            var radioData = (field.options || (field.strings && field.strings.options && Object.keys(field.strings.options)) || field.keys).slice();  // shallow copy
            var typeField;
            var layerField;
            var _oldType = {};
            var _entityIDs = [];


            function selectedKey() {
                var node = wrap.selectAll('.form-field-input-radio label.active input');
                return !node.empty() && node.datum();
            }


            function radio(selection) {
                selection.classed('preset-radio', true);

                wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                var enter = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-radio');

                enter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'placeholder');

                wrap = wrap
                    .merge(enter);


                placeholder = wrap.selectAll('.placeholder');

                labels = wrap.selectAll('label')
                    .data(radioData);

                enter = labels.enter()
                    .append('label');

                enter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'radio')
                    .attr('name', field.id)
                    .attr('value', function(d) { return field.t('options.' + d, { 'default': d }); })
                    .attr('checked', false);

                enter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) { return field.t('options.' + d, { 'default': d }); });

                labels = labels
                    .merge(enter);

                radios = labels.selectAll('input')
                    .on('change', changeRadio);

            }


            function structureExtras(selection, tags) {
                var selected = selectedKey() || tags.layer !== undefined;
                var type = _mainPresetIndex.field(selected);
                var layer = _mainPresetIndex.field('layer');
                var showLayer = (selected === 'bridge' || selected === 'tunnel' || tags.layer !== undefined);


                var extrasWrap = selection.selectAll('.structure-extras-wrap')
                    .data(selected ? [0] : []);

                extrasWrap.exit()
                    .remove();

                extrasWrap = extrasWrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'structure-extras-wrap')
                    .merge(extrasWrap);

                var list = extrasWrap.selectAll('ul')
                    .data([0]);

                list = list.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'rows')
                    .merge(list);


                // Type
                if (type) {
                    if (!typeField || typeField.id !== selected) {
                        typeField = uiField(context, type, _entityIDs, { wrap: false })
                            .on('change', changeType);
                    }
                    typeField.tags(tags);
                } else {
                    typeField = null;
                }

                var typeItem = list.selectAll('.structure-type-item')
                    .data(typeField ? [typeField] : [], function(d) { return d.id; });

                // Exit
                typeItem.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var typeEnter = typeItem.enter()
                    .insert('li', ':first-child')
                    .attr('class', 'labeled-input structure-type-item');

                typeEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'label structure-label-type')
                    .attr('for', 'preset-input-' + selected)
                    .text(_t('inspector.radio.structure.type'));

                typeEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'structure-input-type-wrap');

                // Update
                typeItem = typeItem
                    .merge(typeEnter);

                if (typeField) {
                    typeItem.selectAll('.structure-input-type-wrap')
                        .call(typeField.render);
                }


                // Layer
                if (layer && showLayer) {
                    if (!layerField) {
                        layerField = uiField(context, layer, _entityIDs, { wrap: false })
                            .on('change', changeLayer);
                    }
                    layerField.tags(tags);
                    field.keys = utilArrayUnion(field.keys, ['layer']);
                } else {
                    layerField = null;
                    field.keys = field.keys.filter(function(k) { return k !== 'layer'; });
                }

                var layerItem = list.selectAll('.structure-layer-item')
                    .data(layerField ? [layerField] : []);

                // Exit
                layerItem.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var layerEnter = layerItem.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'labeled-input structure-layer-item');

                layerEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'label structure-label-layer')
                    .attr('for', 'preset-input-layer')
                    .text(_t('inspector.radio.structure.layer'));

                layerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'structure-input-layer-wrap');

                // Update
                layerItem = layerItem
                    .merge(layerEnter);

                if (layerField) {
                    layerItem.selectAll('.structure-input-layer-wrap')
                        .call(layerField.render);
                }
            }


            function changeType(t, onInput) {
                var key = selectedKey();
                if (!key) { return; }

                var val = t[key];
                if (val !== 'no') {
                    _oldType[key] = val;
                }

                if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
                    // remove layer if it should not be set
                    if (val === 'no' ||
                        (key !== 'bridge' && key !== 'tunnel') ||
                        (key === 'tunnel' && val === 'building_passage')) {
                        t.layer = undefined;
                    }
                    // add layer if it should be set
                    if (t.layer === undefined) {
                        if (key === 'bridge' && val !== 'no') {
                            t.layer = '1';
                        }
                        if (key === 'tunnel' && val !== 'no' && val !== 'building_passage') {
                            t.layer = '-1';
                        }
                    }
                 }

                dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
            }


            function changeLayer(t, onInput) {
                if (t.layer === '0') {
                    t.layer = undefined;
                }
                dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
            }


            function changeRadio() {
                var t = {};
                var activeKey;

                if (field.key) {
                    t[field.key] = undefined;
                }

                radios.each(function(d) {
                    var active = select(this).property('checked');
                    if (active) { activeKey = d; }

                    if (field.key) {
                        if (active) { t[field.key] = d; }
                    } else {
                        var val = _oldType[activeKey] || 'yes';
                        t[d] = active ? val : undefined;
                    }
                });

                if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
                    if (activeKey === 'bridge') {
                        t.layer = '1';
                    } else if (activeKey === 'tunnel' && t.tunnel !== 'building_passage') {
                        t.layer = '-1';
                    } else {
                        t.layer = undefined;
                    }
                }

                dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
            }


            radio.tags = function(tags) {

                radios.property('checked', function(d) {
                    if (field.key) {
                        return tags[field.key] === d;
                    }
                    return !!(typeof tags[d] === 'string' && tags[d].toLowerCase() !== 'no');
                });

                function isMixed(d) {
                    if (field.key) {
                        return Array.isArray(tags[field.key]) && tags[field.key].includes(d);
                    }
                    return Array.isArray(tags[d]);
                }

                labels
                    .classed('active', function(d) {
                        if (field.key) {
                            return (Array.isArray(tags[field.key]) && tags[field.key].includes(d))
                                || tags[field.key] === d;
                        }
                        return Array.isArray(tags[d]) || !!(tags[d] && tags[d].toLowerCase() !== 'no');
                    })
                    .classed('mixed', isMixed)
                    .attr('title', function(d) {
                        return isMixed(d) ? _t('inspector.unshared_value_tooltip') : null;
                    });


                var selection = radios.filter(function() { return this.checked; });

                if (selection.empty()) {
                    placeholder.text(_t('inspector.none'));
                } else {
                    placeholder.text(selection.attr('value'));
                    _oldType[selection.datum()] = tags[selection.datum()];
                }

                if (field.type === 'structureRadio') {
                    // For waterways without a tunnel tag, set 'culvert' as
                    // the _oldType to default to if the user picks 'tunnel'
                    if (!!tags.waterway && !_oldType.tunnel) {
                        _oldType.tunnel = 'culvert';
                    }

                    wrap.call(structureExtras, tags);
                }
            };


            radio.focus = function() {
                radios.node().focus();
            };


            radio.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                _oldType = {};
                return radio;
            };


            radio.isAllowed = function() {
                return _entityIDs.length === 1;
            };


            return utilRebind(radio, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldRestrictions(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var breathe = behaviorBreathe();

            corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way', null);                 // remove old key
            var storedViaWay = corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way0');   // use new key #6922
            var storedDistance = corePreferences('turn-restriction-distance');

            var _maxViaWay = storedViaWay !== null ? (+storedViaWay) : 0;
            var _maxDistance = storedDistance ? (+storedDistance) : 30;
            var _initialized = false;
            var _parent = select(null);       // the entire field
            var _container = select(null);    // just the map
            var _oldTurns;
            var _graph;
            var _vertexID;
            var _intersection;
            var _fromWayID;

            var _lastXPos;


            function restrictions(selection) {
                _parent = selection;

                // try to reuse the intersection, but always rebuild it if the graph has changed
                if (_vertexID && (context.graph() !== _graph || !_intersection)) {
                    _graph = context.graph();
                    _intersection = osmIntersection(_graph, _vertexID, _maxDistance);
                }

                // It's possible for there to be no actual intersection here.
                // for example, a vertex of two `highway=path`
                // In this case, hide the field.
                var isOK = (
                    _intersection &&
                    _intersection.vertices.length &&           // has vertices
                    _intersection.vertices                     // has the vertex that the user selected
                        .filter(function(vertex) { return vertex.id === _vertexID; }).length &&
                    _intersection.ways.length > 2 &&           // has more than 2 ways
                    _intersection.ways                         // has more than 1 TO way
                        .filter(function(way) { return way.__to; }).length > 1
                );

                // Also hide in the case where
                select(selection.node().parentNode).classed('hide', !isOK);

                // if form field is hidden or has detached from dom, clean up.
                if (!isOK ||
                    !context.container().select('.inspector-wrap.inspector-hidden').empty() ||
                    !selection.node().parentNode ||
                    !selection.node().parentNode.parentNode) {
                    selection.call(restrictions.off);
                    return;
                }


                var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
                    .merge(wrap);

                var container = wrap.selectAll('.restriction-container')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter
                var containerEnter = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-container');

                containerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-help');

                // update
                _container = containerEnter
                    .merge(container)
                    .call(renderViewer);

                var controls = wrap.selectAll('.restriction-controls')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter/update
                controls.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-controls-container')
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-controls')
                    .merge(controls)
                    .call(renderControls);
            }


            function renderControls(selection) {
                var distControl = selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance')
                    .data([0]);

                distControl.exit()
                    .remove();

                var distControlEnter = distControl.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-control restriction-distance');

                distControlEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-control-label restriction-distance-label')
                    .text(_t('restriction.controls.distance') + ':');

                distControlEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-distance-input')
                    .attr('type', 'range')
                    .attr('min', '20')
                    .attr('max', '50')
                    .attr('step', '5');

                distControlEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-distance-text');

                // update
                selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance-input')
                    .property('value', _maxDistance)
                    .on('input', function() {
                        var val = select(this).property('value');
                        _maxDistance = +val;
                        _intersection = null;
                        _container.selectAll('.layer-osm .layer-turns *').remove();
                        corePreferences('turn-restriction-distance', _maxDistance);
                        _parent.call(restrictions);
                    });

                selection.selectAll('.restriction-distance-text')
                    .text(displayMaxDistance(_maxDistance));


                var viaControl = selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way')
                    .data([0]);

                viaControl.exit()
                    .remove();

                var viaControlEnter = viaControl.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-control restriction-via-way');

                viaControlEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-control-label restriction-via-way-label')
                    .text(_t('restriction.controls.via') + ':');

                viaControlEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-via-way-input')
                    .attr('type', 'range')
                    .attr('min', '0')
                    .attr('max', '2')
                    .attr('step', '1');

                viaControlEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'restriction-via-way-text');

                // update
                selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way-input')
                    .property('value', _maxViaWay)
                    .on('input', function() {
                        var val = select(this).property('value');
                        _maxViaWay = +val;
                        _container.selectAll('.layer-osm .layer-turns *').remove();
                        corePreferences('turn-restriction-via-way0', _maxViaWay);
                        _parent.call(restrictions);
                    });

                selection.selectAll('.restriction-via-way-text')
                    .text(displayMaxVia(_maxViaWay));
            }


            function renderViewer(selection) {
                if (!_intersection) { return; }

                var vgraph = _intersection.graph;
                var filter = utilFunctor(true);
                var projection = geoRawMercator();

                // Reflow warning: `utilGetDimensions` calls `getBoundingClientRect`
                // Instead of asking the restriction-container for its dimensions,
                //  we can ask the .sidebar, which can have its dimensions cached.
                // width: calc as sidebar - padding
                // height: hardcoded (from `80_app.css`)
                // var d = utilGetDimensions(selection);
                var sdims = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'));
                var d = [ sdims[0] - 50, 370 ];
                var c = geoVecScale(d, 0.5);
                var z = 22;

                projection.scale(geoZoomToScale(z));

                // Calculate extent of all key vertices
                var extent = geoExtent();
                for (var i = 0; i < _intersection.vertices.length; i++) {
                    extent._extend(_intersection.vertices[i].extent());
                }

                // If this is a large intersection, adjust zoom to fit extent
                if (_intersection.vertices.length > 1) {
                    var padding = 180;   // in z22 pixels
                    var tl = projection([extent[0][0], extent[1][1]]);
                    var br = projection([extent[1][0], extent[0][1]]);
                    var hFactor = (br[0] - tl[0]) / (d[0] - padding);
                    var vFactor = (br[1] - tl[1]) / (d[1] - padding);
                    var hZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(hFactor)) / Math.LN2;
                    var vZoomDiff = Math.log(Math.abs(vFactor)) / Math.LN2;
                    z = z - Math.max(hZoomDiff, vZoomDiff);
                    projection.scale(geoZoomToScale(z));
                }

                var padTop = 35;   // reserve top space for hint text
                var extentCenter = projection(extent.center());
                extentCenter[1] = extentCenter[1] - padTop;

                projection
                    .translate(geoVecSubtract(c, extentCenter))
                    .clipExtent([[0, 0], d]);

                var drawLayers = svgLayers(projection, context).only(['osm','touch']).dimensions(d);
                var drawVertices = svgVertices(projection, context);
                var drawLines = svgLines(projection, context);
                var drawTurns = svgTurns(projection, context);

                var firstTime = selection.selectAll('.surface').empty();

                selection
                    .call(drawLayers);

                var surface = selection.selectAll('.surface')
                    .classed('tr', true);

                if (firstTime) {
                    _initialized = true;

                    surface
                        .call(breathe);
                }

                // This can happen if we've lowered the detail while a FROM way
                // is selected, and that way is no longer part of the intersection.
                if (_fromWayID && !vgraph.hasEntity(_fromWayID)) {
                    _fromWayID = null;
                    _oldTurns = null;
                }

                surface
                    .call(utilSetDimensions, d)
                    .call(drawVertices, vgraph, _intersection.vertices, filter, extent, z)
                    .call(drawLines, vgraph, _intersection.ways, filter)
                    .call(drawTurns, vgraph, _intersection.turns(_fromWayID, _maxViaWay));

                surface
                    .on('click.restrictions', click)
                    .on('mouseover.restrictions', mouseover);

                surface
                    .selectAll('.selected')
                    .classed('selected', false);

                surface
                    .selectAll('.related')
                    .classed('related', false);

                if (_fromWayID) {
                    var way = vgraph.entity(_fromWayID);
                    surface
                        .selectAll('.' + _fromWayID)
                        .classed('selected', true)
                        .classed('related', true);
                }

                document.addEventListener('resizeWindow', function () {
                    utilSetDimensions(_container, null);
                    redraw(1);
                }, false);

                updateHints(null);


                function click() {
                    surface
                        .call(breathe.off)
                        .call(breathe);

                    var datum = event.target.__data__;
                    var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
                    if (entity) {
                        datum = entity;
                    }

                    if (datum instanceof osmWay && (datum.__from || datum.__via)) {
                        _fromWayID = datum.id;
                        _oldTurns = null;
                        redraw();

                    } else if (datum instanceof osmTurn) {
                        var actions, extraActions, turns, i;
                        var restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, datum, projection);

                        if (datum.restrictionID && !datum.direct) {
                            return;

                        } else if (datum.restrictionID && !datum.only) {    // NO -> ONLY
                            var seen = {};
                            var datumOnly = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(datum));   // deep clone the datum
                            datumOnly.only = true;                               // but change this property
                            restrictionType = restrictionType.replace(/^no/, 'only');

                            // Adding an ONLY restriction should destroy all other direct restrictions from the FROM towards the VIA.
                            // We will remember them in _oldTurns, and restore them if the user clicks again.
                            turns = _intersection.turns(_fromWayID, 2);
                            extraActions = [];
                            _oldTurns = [];
                            for (i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
                                var turn = turns[i];
                                if (seen[turn.restrictionID]) { continue; }  // avoid deleting the turn twice (#4968, #4928)

                                if (turn.direct && turn.path[1] === datum.path[1]) {
                                    seen[turns[i].restrictionID] = true;
                                    turn.restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, turn, projection);
                                    _oldTurns.push(turn);
                                    extraActions.push(actionUnrestrictTurn(turn));
                                }
                            }

                            actions = _intersection.actions.concat(extraActions, [
                                actionRestrictTurn(datumOnly, restrictionType),
                                _t('operations.restriction.annotation.create')
                            ]);

                        } else if (datum.restrictionID) {   // ONLY -> Allowed
                            // Restore whatever restrictions we might have destroyed by cycling thru the ONLY state.
                            // This relies on the assumption that the intersection was already split up when we
                            // performed the previous action (NO -> ONLY), so the IDs in _oldTurns shouldn't have changed.
                            turns = _oldTurns || [];
                            extraActions = [];
                            for (i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
                                if (turns[i].key !== datum.key) {
                                    extraActions.push(actionRestrictTurn(turns[i], turns[i].restrictionType));
                                }
                            }
                            _oldTurns = null;

                            actions = _intersection.actions.concat(extraActions, [
                                actionUnrestrictTurn(datum),
                                _t('operations.restriction.annotation.delete')
                            ]);

                        } else {    // Allowed -> NO
                            actions = _intersection.actions.concat([
                                actionRestrictTurn(datum, restrictionType),
                                _t('operations.restriction.annotation.create')
                            ]);
                        }

                        context.perform.apply(context, actions);

                        // At this point the datum will be changed, but will have same key..
                        // Refresh it and update the help..
                        var s = surface.selectAll('.' + datum.key);
                        datum = s.empty() ? null : s.datum();
                        updateHints(datum);

                    } else {
                        _fromWayID = null;
                        _oldTurns = null;
                        redraw();
                    }
                }


                function mouseover() {
                    var datum = event.target.__data__;
                    updateHints(datum);
                }

                _lastXPos = _lastXPos || sdims[0];

                function redraw(minChange) {
                    var xPos = -1;

                    if (minChange) {
                        xPos = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'))[0];
                    }

                    if (!minChange || (minChange && Math.abs(xPos - _lastXPos) >= minChange)) {
                        if (context.hasEntity(_vertexID)) {
                            _lastXPos = xPos;
                            _container.call(renderViewer);
                        }
                    }
                }


                function highlightPathsFrom(wayID) {
                    surface.selectAll('.related')
                        .classed('related', false)
                        .classed('allow', false)
                        .classed('restrict', false)
                        .classed('only', false);

                    surface.selectAll('.' + wayID)
                        .classed('related', true);

                    if (wayID) {
                        var turns = _intersection.turns(wayID, _maxViaWay);
                        for (var i = 0; i < turns.length; i++) {
                            var turn = turns[i];
                            var ids = [turn.to.way];
                            var klass = (turn.no ? 'restrict' : (turn.only ? 'only' : 'allow'));

                            if (turn.only || turns.length === 1) {
                                if (turn.via.ways) {
                                    ids = ids.concat(turn.via.ways);
                                }
                            } else if (turn.to.way === wayID) {
                                continue;
                            }

                            surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(ids))
                                .classed('related', true)
                                .classed('allow', (klass === 'allow'))
                                .classed('restrict', (klass === 'restrict'))
                                .classed('only', (klass === 'only'));
                        }
                    }
                }


                function updateHints(datum) {
                    var help = _container.selectAll('.restriction-help').html('');

                    var placeholders = {};
                    ['from', 'via', 'to'].forEach(function(k) {
                        placeholders[k] = '<span class="qualifier">' + _t('restriction.help.' + k) + '</span>';
                    });

                    var entity = datum && datum.properties && datum.properties.entity;
                    if (entity) {
                        datum = entity;
                    }

                    if (_fromWayID) {
                        way = vgraph.entity(_fromWayID);
                        surface
                            .selectAll('.' + _fromWayID)
                            .classed('selected', true)
                            .classed('related', true);
                    }

                    // Hovering a way
                    if (datum instanceof osmWay && datum.__from) {
                        way = datum;

                        highlightPathsFrom(_fromWayID ? null : way.id);
                        surface.selectAll('.' + way.id)
                            .classed('related', true);

                        var clickSelect = (!_fromWayID || _fromWayID !== way.id);
                        help
                            .append('div')      // "Click to select FROM {fromName}." / "FROM {fromName}"
                            .html(_t('restriction.help.' + (clickSelect ? 'select_from_name' : 'from_name'), {
                                from: placeholders.from,
                                fromName: displayName(way.id, vgraph)
                            }));


                    // Hovering a turn arrow
                    } else if (datum instanceof osmTurn) {
                        var restrictionType = osmInferRestriction(vgraph, datum, projection);
                        var turnType = restrictionType.replace(/^(only|no)\_/, '');
                        var indirect = (datum.direct === false ? _t('restriction.help.indirect') : '');
                        var klass, turnText, nextText;

                        if (datum.no) {
                            klass = 'restrict';
                            turnText = _t('restriction.help.turn.no_' + turnType, { indirect: indirect });
                            nextText = _t('restriction.help.turn.only_' + turnType, { indirect: '' });
                        } else if (datum.only) {
                            klass = 'only';
                            turnText = _t('restriction.help.turn.only_' + turnType, { indirect: indirect });
                            nextText = _t('restriction.help.turn.allowed_' + turnType, { indirect: '' });
                        } else {
                            klass = 'allow';
                            turnText = _t('restriction.help.turn.allowed_' + turnType, { indirect: indirect });
                            nextText = _t('restriction.help.turn.no_' + turnType, { indirect: '' });
                        }

                        help
                            .append('div')      // "NO Right Turn (indirect)"
                            .attr('class', 'qualifier ' + klass)
                            .text(turnText);

                        help
                            .append('div')      // "FROM {fromName} TO {toName}"
                            .html(_t('restriction.help.from_name_to_name', {
                                from: placeholders.from,
                                fromName: displayName(datum.from.way, vgraph),
                                to: placeholders.to,
                                toName: displayName(datum.to.way, vgraph)
                            }));

                        if (datum.via.ways && datum.via.ways.length) {
                            var names = [];
                            for (var i = 0; i < datum.via.ways.length; i++) {
                                var prev = names[names.length - 1];
                                var curr = displayName(datum.via.ways[i], vgraph);
                                if (!prev || curr !== prev)   // collapse identical names
                                    { names.push(curr); }
                            }

                            help
                                .append('div')      // "VIA {viaNames}"
                                .html(_t('restriction.help.via_names', {
                                    via: placeholders.via,
                                    viaNames: names.join(', ')
                                }));
                        }

                        if (!indirect) {
                            help
                                .append('div')      // Click for "No Right Turn"
                                .text(_t('restriction.help.toggle', { turn: nextText.trim() }));
                        }

                        highlightPathsFrom(null);
                        var alongIDs = datum.path.slice();
                        surface.selectAll(utilEntitySelector(alongIDs))
                            .classed('related', true)
                            .classed('allow', (klass === 'allow'))
                            .classed('restrict', (klass === 'restrict'))
                            .classed('only', (klass === 'only'));


                    // Hovering empty surface
                    } else {
                        highlightPathsFrom(null);
                        if (_fromWayID) {
                            help
                                .append('div')      // "FROM {fromName}"
                                .html(_t('restriction.help.from_name', {
                                    from: placeholders.from,
                                    fromName: displayName(_fromWayID, vgraph)
                                }));

                        } else {
                            help
                                .append('div')      // "Click to select a FROM segment."
                                .html(_t('restriction.help.select_from', {
                                    from: placeholders.from
                                }));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }


            function displayMaxDistance(maxDist) {
                var isImperial = !_mainLocalizer.usesMetric();
                var opts;

                if (isImperial) {
                    var distToFeet = {   // imprecise conversion for prettier display
                        20: 70, 25: 85, 30: 100, 35: 115, 40: 130, 45: 145, 50: 160
                    }[maxDist];
                    opts = { distance: _t('units.feet', { quantity: distToFeet }) };
                } else {
                    opts = { distance: _t('units.meters', { quantity: maxDist }) };
                }

                return _t('restriction.controls.distance_up_to', opts);
            }


            function displayMaxVia(maxVia) {
                return maxVia === 0 ? _t('restriction.controls.via_node_only')
                    : maxVia === 1 ? _t('restriction.controls.via_up_to_one')
                    : _t('restriction.controls.via_up_to_two');
            }


            function displayName(entityID, graph) {
                var entity = graph.entity(entityID);
                var name = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';
                var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
                var type = (matched && matched.name()) || utilDisplayType(entity.id);
                return name || type;
            }


            restrictions.entityIDs = function(val) {
                _intersection = null;
                _fromWayID = null;
                _oldTurns = null;
                _vertexID = val[0];
            };


            restrictions.tags = function() {};
            restrictions.focus = function() {};


            restrictions.off = function(selection) {
                if (!_initialized) { return; }

                selection.selectAll('.surface')
                    .call(breathe.off)
                    .on('click.restrictions', null)
                    .on('mouseover.restrictions', null);

                select(window)
                    .on('resize.restrictions', null);
            };


            return utilRebind(restrictions, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        uiFieldRestrictions.supportsMultiselection = false;

        function uiFieldTextarea(field, context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var input = select(null);
            var _tags;


            function textarea(selection) {
                var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
                    .merge(wrap);

                input = wrap.selectAll('textarea')
                    .data([0]);

                input = input.enter()
                    .append('textarea')
                    .attr('id', field.domId)
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .on('input', change(true))
                    .on('blur', change())
                    .on('change', change())
                    .merge(input);
            }


            function change(onInput) {
                return function() {

                    var val = utilGetSetValue(input);
                    if (!onInput) { val = context.cleanTagValue(val); }

                    // don't override multiple values with blank string
                    if (!val && Array.isArray(_tags[field.key])) { return; }

                    var t = {};
                    t[field.key] = val || undefined;
                    dispatch$1.call('change', this, t, onInput);
                };
            }


            textarea.tags = function(tags) {
                _tags = tags;

                var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);

                utilGetSetValue(input, !isMixed && tags[field.key] ? tags[field.key] : '')
                    .attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : undefined)
                    .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : (field.placeholder() || _t('inspector.unknown')))
                    .classed('mixed', isMixed);
            };


            textarea.focus = function() {
                input.node().focus();
            };


            return utilRebind(textarea, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldWikidata(field, context) {
            var wikidata = services.wikidata;
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');

            var _selection = select(null);
            var _searchInput = select(null);
            var _qid = null;
            var _wikidataEntity = null;
            var _wikiURL = '';
            var _entityIDs = [];

            var _wikipediaKey = field.keys && field.keys.find(function(key) {
                    return key.includes('wikipedia');
                }),
                _hintKey = field.key === 'wikidata' ? 'name' : field.key.split(':')[0];

            var combobox = uiCombobox(context, 'combo-' + field.safeid)
                .caseSensitive(true)
                .minItems(1);

            function wiki(selection) {

                _selection = selection;

                var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
                    .data([0]);

                wrap = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-' + field.type)
                    .merge(wrap);


                var list = wrap.selectAll('ul')
                    .data([0]);

                list = list.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'rows')
                    .merge(list);

                var searchRow = list.selectAll('li.wikidata-search')
                    .data([0]);

                var searchRowEnter = searchRow.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'wikidata-search');

                searchRowEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .attr('id', field.domId)
                    .style('flex', '1')
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .on('focus', function() {
                        var node = select(this).node();
                        node.setSelectionRange(0, node.value.length);
                    })
                    .on('blur', function() {
                        setLabelForEntity();
                    })
                    .call(combobox.fetcher(fetchWikidataItems));

                combobox.on('accept', function(d) {
                    _qid = d.id;
                    change();
                }).on('cancel', function() {
                    setLabelForEntity();
                });

                searchRowEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-button wiki-link')
                    .attr('title', _t('icons.view_on', { domain: 'wikidata.org' }))
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link'))
                    .on('click', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        if (_wikiURL) { window.open(_wikiURL, '_blank'); }
                    });

                searchRow = searchRow.merge(searchRowEnter);

                _searchInput = searchRow.select('input');

                var wikidataProperties = ['description', 'identifier'];

                var items = list.selectAll('li.labeled-input')
                    .data(wikidataProperties);

                // Enter
                var enter = items.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'labeled-input preset-wikidata-' + d; });

                enter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'label')
                    .text(function(d) { return _t('wikidata.' + d); });

                enter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .classed('disabled', 'true')
                    .attr('readonly', 'true');

                enter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-button')
                    .attr('title', _t('icons.copy'))
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-copy'))
                    .on('click', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        select(this.parentNode)
                            .select('input')
                            .node()
                            .select();
                        document.execCommand('copy');
                    });

            }

            function fetchWikidataItems(q, callback) {

                if (!q && _hintKey) {
                    // other tags may be good search terms
                    for (var i in _entityIDs) {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
                        if (entity.tags[_hintKey]) {
                            q = entity.tags[_hintKey];
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }

                wikidata.itemsForSearchQuery(q, function(err, data) {
                    if (err) { return; }

                    for (var i in data) {
                        data[i].value = data[i].label + ' (' +  data[i].id + ')';
                        data[i].title = data[i].description;
                    }

                    if (callback) { callback(data); }
                });
            }


            function change() {
                var syncTags = {};
                syncTags[field.key] = _qid;
                dispatch$1.call('change', this, syncTags);

                // attempt asynchronous update of wikidata tag..
                var initGraph = context.graph();
                var initEntityIDs = _entityIDs;

                wikidata.entityByQID(_qid, function(err, entity) {
                    if (err) { return; }

                    // If graph has changed, we can't apply this update.
                    if (context.graph() !== initGraph) { return; }

                    if (!entity.sitelinks) { return; }

                    var langs = wikidata.languagesToQuery();
                    // use the label and description languages as fallbacks
                    ['labels', 'descriptions'].forEach(function(key) {
                        if (!entity[key]) { return; }

                        var valueLangs = Object.keys(entity[key]);
                        if (valueLangs.length === 0) { return; }
                        var valueLang = valueLangs[0];

                        if (langs.indexOf(valueLang) === -1) {
                            langs.push(valueLang);
                        }
                    });

                    var newWikipediaValue;

                    if (_wikipediaKey) {
                        var foundPreferred;
                        for (var i in langs) {
                            var lang = langs[i];
                            var siteID = lang.replace('-', '_') + 'wiki';
                            if (entity.sitelinks[siteID]) {
                                foundPreferred = true;
                                newWikipediaValue = lang + ':' + entity.sitelinks[siteID].title;
                                // use the first match
                                break;
                            }
                        }

                        if (!foundPreferred) {
                            // No wikipedia sites available in the user's language or the fallback languages,
                            // default to any wikipedia sitelink

                            var wikiSiteKeys = Object.keys(entity.sitelinks).filter(function(site) {
                                return site.endsWith('wiki');
                            });

                            if (wikiSiteKeys.length === 0) {
                                // if no wikipedia pages are linked to this wikidata entity, delete that tag
                                newWikipediaValue = null;
                            } else {
                                var wikiLang = wikiSiteKeys[0].slice(0, -4).replace('_', '-');
                                var wikiTitle = entity.sitelinks[wikiSiteKeys[0]].title;
                                newWikipediaValue = wikiLang + ':' + wikiTitle;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    if (newWikipediaValue) {
                        newWikipediaValue = context.cleanTagValue(newWikipediaValue);
                    }

                    if (typeof newWikipediaValue === 'undefined') { return; }

                    var actions = initEntityIDs.map(function(entityID) {
                        var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
                        if (!entity) { return; }

                        var currTags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);  // shallow copy
                        if (newWikipediaValue === null) {
                            if (!currTags[_wikipediaKey]) { return; }

                            delete currTags[_wikipediaKey];
                        } else {
                            currTags[_wikipediaKey] = newWikipediaValue;
                        }

                        return actionChangeTags(entityID, currTags);
                    }).filter(Boolean);

                    if (!actions.length) { return; }

                    // Coalesce the update of wikidata tag into the previous tag change
                    context.overwrite(
                        function actionUpdateWikipediaTags(graph) {
                            actions.forEach(function(action) {
                                graph = action(graph);
                            });
                            return graph;
                        },
                        context.history().undoAnnotation()
                    );

                    // do not dispatch.call('change') here, because entity_editor
                    // changeTags() is not intended to be called asynchronously
                });
            }

            function setLabelForEntity() {
                var label = '';
                if (_wikidataEntity) {
                    label = entityPropertyForDisplay(_wikidataEntity, 'labels');
                    if (label.length === 0) {
                        label = _wikidataEntity.id.toString();
                    }
                }
                utilGetSetValue(_searchInput, label);
            }


            wiki.tags = function(tags) {

                var isMixed = Array.isArray(tags[field.key]);
                _searchInput
                    .attr('title', isMixed ? tags[field.key].filter(Boolean).join('\n') : null)
                    .attr('placeholder', isMixed ? _t('inspector.multiple_values') : '')
                    .classed('mixed', isMixed);

                _qid = typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' && tags[field.key] || '';

                if (!/^Q[0-9]*$/.test(_qid)) {   // not a proper QID
                    unrecognized();
                    return;
                }

                // QID value in correct format
                _wikiURL = 'https://wikidata.org/wiki/' + _qid;
                wikidata.entityByQID(_qid, function(err, entity) {
                    if (err) {
                        unrecognized();
                        return;
                    }
                    _wikidataEntity = entity;

                    setLabelForEntity();

                    var description = entityPropertyForDisplay(entity, 'descriptions');

                    _selection.select('button.wiki-link')
                        .classed('disabled', false);

                    _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-description')
                        .style('display', function(){
                            return description.length > 0 ? 'flex' : 'none';
                        })
                        .select('input')
                        .attr('value', description);

                    _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-identifier')
                        .style('display', function(){
                            return entity.id ? 'flex' : 'none';
                        })
                        .select('input')
                        .attr('value', entity.id);
                });


                // not a proper QID
                function unrecognized() {
                    _wikidataEntity = null;
                    setLabelForEntity();

                    _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-description')
                        .style('display', 'none');
                    _selection.select('.preset-wikidata-identifier')
                        .style('display', 'none');

                    _selection.select('button.wiki-link')
                        .classed('disabled', true);

                    if (_qid && _qid !== '') {
                        _wikiURL = 'https://wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=' + _qid;
                    } else {
                        _wikiURL = '';
                    }
                }
            };

            function entityPropertyForDisplay(wikidataEntity, propKey) {
                if (!wikidataEntity[propKey]) { return ''; }
                var propObj = wikidataEntity[propKey];
                var langKeys = Object.keys(propObj);
                if (langKeys.length === 0) { return ''; }
                // sorted by priority, since we want to show the user's language first if possible
                var langs = wikidata.languagesToQuery();
                for (var i in langs) {
                    var lang = langs[i];
                    var valueObj = propObj[lang];
                    if (valueObj && valueObj.value && valueObj.value.length > 0) { return valueObj.value; }
                }
                // default to any available value
                return propObj[langKeys[0]].value;
            }


            wiki.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                return wiki;
            };


            wiki.focus = function() {
                _searchInput.node().focus();
            };


            return utilRebind(wiki, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFieldWikipedia(field, context) {
          var arguments$1 = arguments;

          var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
          var wikipedia = services.wikipedia;
          var wikidata = services.wikidata;
          var _langInput = select(null);
          var _titleInput = select(null);
          var _wikiURL = '';
          var _entityIDs;
          var _tags;

          var _dataWikipedia = [];
          _mainFileFetcher.get('wmf_sitematrix')
            .then(function (d) {
              _dataWikipedia = d;
              if (_tags) { updateForTags(_tags); }
            })
            .catch(function () { /* ignore */ });


          var langCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'wikipedia-lang')
            .fetcher(function (value, callback) {
              var v = value.toLowerCase();
              callback(_dataWikipedia
                .filter(function (d) {
                  return d[0].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 ||
                    d[1].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0 ||
                    d[2].toLowerCase().indexOf(v) >= 0;
                })
                .map(function (d) { return ({ value: d[1] }); })
              );
            });

          var titleCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'wikipedia-title')
            .fetcher(function (value, callback) {
              if (!value) {
                value = '';
                for (var i in _entityIDs) {
                  var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
                  if (entity.tags.name) {
                    value = entity.tags.name;
                    break;
                  }
                }
              }
              var searchfn = value.length > 7 ? wikipedia.search : wikipedia.suggestions;
              searchfn(language()[2], value, function (query, data) {
                callback( data.map(function (d) { return ({ value: d }); }) );
              });
            });


          function wiki(selection) {
            var wrap = selection.selectAll('.form-field-input-wrap')
              .data([0]);

            wrap = wrap.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', ("form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-" + (field.type)))
              .merge(wrap);


            var langContainer = wrap.selectAll('.wiki-lang-container')
              .data([0]);

            langContainer = langContainer.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'wiki-lang-container')
              .merge(langContainer);


            _langInput = langContainer.selectAll('input.wiki-lang')
              .data([0]);

            _langInput = _langInput.enter()
              .append('input')
              .attr('type', 'text')
              .attr('class', 'wiki-lang')
              .attr('placeholder', _t('translate.localized_translation_language'))
              .call(utilNoAuto)
              .call(langCombo)
              .merge(_langInput);

            _langInput
              .on('blur', changeLang)
              .on('change', changeLang);


            var titleContainer = wrap.selectAll('.wiki-title-container')
              .data([0]);

            titleContainer = titleContainer.enter()
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'wiki-title-container')
              .merge(titleContainer);

            _titleInput = titleContainer.selectAll('input.wiki-title')
              .data([0]);

            _titleInput = _titleInput.enter()
              .append('input')
              .attr('type', 'text')
              .attr('class', 'wiki-title')
              .attr('id', field.domId)
              .call(utilNoAuto)
              .call(titleCombo)
              .merge(_titleInput);

            _titleInput
              .on('blur', blur)
              .on('change', change);


            var link = titleContainer.selectAll('.wiki-link')
              .data([0]);

            link = link.enter()
              .append('button')
              .attr('class', 'form-field-button wiki-link')
              .attr('tabindex', -1)
              .attr('title', _t('icons.view_on', { domain: 'wikipedia.org' }))
              .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link'))
              .merge(link);

            link
              .on('click', function () {
                event.preventDefault();
                if (_wikiURL) { window.open(_wikiURL, '_blank'); }
              });
          }


          function defaultLanguageInfo(skipEnglishFallback) {
            var langCode = _mainLocalizer.languageCode().toLowerCase();

            for (var i in _dataWikipedia) {
              var d = _dataWikipedia[i];
              // default to the language of iD's current locale
              if (d[2] === langCode) { return d; }
            }

            // fallback to English
            return skipEnglishFallback ? ['', '', ''] : ['English', 'English', 'en'];
          }


          function language(skipEnglishFallback) {
            var value = utilGetSetValue(_langInput).toLowerCase();

            for (var i in _dataWikipedia) {
              var d = _dataWikipedia[i];
              // return the language already set in the UI, if supported
              if (d[0].toLowerCase() === value ||
                d[1].toLowerCase() === value ||
                d[2] === value) { return d; }
            }

            // fallback to English
            return defaultLanguageInfo(skipEnglishFallback);
          }


          function changeLang() {
            utilGetSetValue(_langInput, language()[1]);
            change(true);
          }


          function blur() {
            change(true);
          }


          function change(skipWikidata) {
            var value = utilGetSetValue(_titleInput);
            var m = value.match(/https?:\/\/([-a-z]+)\.wikipedia\.org\/(?:wiki|\1-[-a-z]+)\/([^#]+)(?:#(.+))?/);
            var langInfo = m && _dataWikipedia.find(function (d) { return m[1] === d[2]; });
            var syncTags = {};

            if (langInfo) {
              var nativeLangName = langInfo[1];
              // Normalize title http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Query#Title_normalization
              value = decodeURIComponent(m[2]).replace(/_/g, ' ');
              if (m[3]) {
                var anchor;
                // try {
                // leave this out for now - #6232
                  // Best-effort `anchordecode:` implementation
                  // anchor = decodeURIComponent(m[3].replace(/\.([0-9A-F]{2})/g, '%$1'));
                // } catch (e) {
                anchor = decodeURIComponent(m[3]);
                // }
                value += '#' + anchor.replace(/_/g, ' ');
              }
              value = value.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + value.slice(1);
              utilGetSetValue(_langInput, nativeLangName);
              utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, value);
            }

            if (value) {
              syncTags.wikipedia = context.cleanTagValue(language()[2] + ':' + value);
            } else {
              syncTags.wikipedia = undefined;
            }

            dispatch$1.call('change', this, syncTags);


            if (skipWikidata || !value || !language()[2]) { return; }

            // attempt asynchronous update of wikidata tag..
            var initGraph = context.graph();
            var initEntityIDs = _entityIDs;

            wikidata.itemsByTitle(language()[2], value, function (err, data) {
              if (err || !data || !Object.keys(data).length) { return; }

              // If graph has changed, we can't apply this update.
              if (context.graph() !== initGraph) { return; }

              var qids = Object.keys(data);
              var value = qids && qids.find(function (id) { return id.match(/^Q\d+$/); });

              var actions = initEntityIDs.map(function (entityID) {
                var entity = context.entity(entityID).tags;
                var currTags = Object.assign({}, entity);  // shallow copy
                if (currTags.wikidata !== value) {
                    currTags.wikidata = value;
                    return actionChangeTags(entityID, currTags);
                }
              }).filter(Boolean);

              if (!actions.length) { return; }

              // Coalesce the update of wikidata tag into the previous tag change
              context.overwrite(
                function actionUpdateWikidataTags(graph) {
                  actions.forEach(function(action) {
                    graph = action(graph);
                  });
                  return graph;
                },
                context.history().undoAnnotation()
              );

              // do not dispatch.call('change') here, because entity_editor
              // changeTags() is not intended to be called asynchronously
            });
          }


          wiki.tags = function (tags) {
            _tags = tags;
            updateForTags(tags);
          };

          function updateForTags(tags) {

            var value = typeof tags[field.key] === 'string' ? tags[field.key] : '';
            // Expect tag format of `tagLang:tagArticleTitle`, e.g. `fr:Paris`, with
            // optional suffix of `#anchor`
            var m = value.match(/([^:]+):([^#]+)(?:#(.+))?/);
            var tagLang = m && m[1];
            var tagArticleTitle = m && m[2];
            var anchor = m && m[3];
            var tagLangInfo = tagLang && _dataWikipedia.find(function (d) { return tagLang === d[2]; });

            // value in correct format
            if (tagLangInfo) {
              var nativeLangName = tagLangInfo[1];
              utilGetSetValue(_langInput, nativeLangName);
              utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, tagArticleTitle + (anchor ? ('#' + anchor) : ''));
              if (anchor) {
                try {
                  // Best-effort `anchorencode:` implementation
                  anchor = encodeURIComponent(anchor.replace(/ /g, '_')).replace(/%/g, '.');
                } catch (e) {
                  anchor = anchor.replace(/ /g, '_');
                }
              }
              _wikiURL = 'https://' + tagLang + '.wikipedia.org/wiki/' +
                tagArticleTitle.replace(/ /g, '_') + (anchor ? ('#' + anchor) : '');

            // unrecognized value format
            } else {
              utilGetSetValue(_titleInput, value);
              if (value && value !== '') {
                utilGetSetValue(_langInput, '');
                var defaultLangInfo = defaultLanguageInfo();
                _wikiURL = "https://" + (defaultLangInfo[2]) + ".wikipedia.org/w/index.php?fulltext=1&search=" + value;
              } else {
                var shownOrDefaultLangInfo = language(true /* skipEnglishFallback */);
                utilGetSetValue(_langInput, shownOrDefaultLangInfo[1]);
                _wikiURL = '';
              }
            }
          }


          wiki.entityIDs = function (val) {
            if (!arguments$1.length) { return _entityIDs; }
            _entityIDs = val;
            return wiki;
          };


          wiki.focus = function () {
            _titleInput.node().focus();
          };


          return utilRebind(wiki, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        uiFieldWikipedia.supportsMultiselection = false;

        var uiFields = {
            access: uiFieldAccess,
            address: uiFieldAddress,
            check: uiFieldCheck,
            combo: uiFieldCombo,
            cycleway: uiFieldCycleway,
            defaultCheck: uiFieldCheck,
            email: uiFieldText,
            identifier: uiFieldText,
            lanes: uiFieldLanes,
            localized: uiFieldLocalized,
            maxspeed: uiFieldMaxspeed,
            multiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
            networkCombo: uiFieldCombo,
            number: uiFieldText,
            onewayCheck: uiFieldCheck,
            radio: uiFieldRadio,
            restrictions: uiFieldRestrictions,
            semiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
            structureRadio: uiFieldRadio,
            tel: uiFieldText,
            text: uiFieldText,
            textarea: uiFieldTextarea,
            typeCombo: uiFieldCombo,
            url: uiFieldText,
            wikidata: uiFieldWikidata,
            wikipedia: uiFieldWikipedia
        };

        function uiField(context, presetField, entityIDs, options) {
            options = Object.assign({
                show: true,
                wrap: true,
                remove: true,
                revert: true,
                info: true
            }, options);

            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'revert');
            var field = Object.assign({}, presetField);   // shallow copy
            field.domId = utilUniqueDomId('form-field-' + field.safeid);
            var _show = options.show;
            var _state = '';
            var _tags = {};

            var _locked = false;
            var _lockedTip = uiTooltip()
                .title(_t('inspector.lock.suggestion', { label: field.label }))
                .placement('bottom');


            field.keys = field.keys || [field.key];

            // only create the fields that are actually being shown
            if (_show && !field.impl) {
                createField();
            }

            // Creates the field.. This is done lazily,
            // once we know that the field will be shown.
            function createField() {
                field.impl = uiFields[field.type](field, context)
                    .on('change', function(t, onInput) {
                        dispatch$1.call('change', field, t, onInput);
                    });

                if (entityIDs) {
                    field.entityIDs = entityIDs;
                    // if this field cares about the entities, pass them along
                    if (field.impl.entityIDs) {
                        field.impl.entityIDs(entityIDs);
                    }
                }
            }


            function isModified() {
                if (!entityIDs || !entityIDs.length) { return false; }
                return entityIDs.some(function(entityID) {
                    var original = context.graph().base().entities[entityID];
                    var latest = context.graph().entity(entityID);
                    return field.keys.some(function(key) {
                        return original ? latest.tags[key] !== original.tags[key] : latest.tags[key];
                    });
                });
            }


            function tagsContainFieldKey() {
                return field.keys.some(function(key) {
                    if (field.type === 'multiCombo') {
                        for (var tagKey in _tags) {
                            if (tagKey.indexOf(key) === 0) {
                                return true;
                            }
                        }
                        return false;
                    }
                    return _tags[key] !== undefined;
                });
            }


            function revert(d) {
                event.stopPropagation();
                event.preventDefault();
                if (!entityIDs || _locked) { return; }

                dispatch$1.call('revert', d, d.keys);
            }


            function remove(d) {
                event.stopPropagation();
                event.preventDefault();
                if (_locked) { return; }

                var t = {};
                d.keys.forEach(function(key) {
                    t[key] = undefined;
                });

                dispatch$1.call('change', d, t);
            }


            field.render = function(selection) {
                var container = selection.selectAll('.form-field')
                    .data([field]);

                // Enter
                var enter = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'form-field form-field-' + d.safeid; })
                    .classed('nowrap', !options.wrap);

                if (options.wrap) {
                    var labelEnter = enter
                        .append('label')
                        .attr('class', 'field-label')
                        .attr('for', function(d) { return d.domId; });

                    var textEnter = labelEnter
                        .append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'label-text');

                    textEnter
                        .append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'label-textvalue')
                        .text(function(d) { return d.label(); });

                    textEnter
                        .append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'label-textannotation');

                    if (options.remove) {
                        labelEnter
                            .append('button')
                            .attr('class', 'remove-icon')
                            .attr('title', _t('icons.remove'))
                            .attr('tabindex', -1)
                            .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));
                    }

                    if (options.revert) {
                        labelEnter
                            .append('button')
                            .attr('class', 'modified-icon')
                            .attr('title', _t('icons.undo'))
                            .attr('tabindex', -1)
                            .call(svgIcon((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '#iD-icon-redo' : '#iD-icon-undo'));
                    }
                }


                // Update
                container = container
                    .merge(enter);

                container.select('.field-label > .remove-icon')  // propagate bound data
                    .on('click', remove);

                container.select('.field-label > .modified-icon')  // propagate bound data
                    .on('click', revert);

                container
                    .each(function(d) {
                        var selection = select(this);

                        if (!d.impl) {
                            createField();
                        }

                        var reference, help;

                        // instantiate field help
                        if (options.wrap && field.type === 'restrictions') {
                            help = uiFieldHelp(context, 'restrictions');
                        }

                        // instantiate tag reference
                        if (options.wrap && options.info) {
                            var referenceKey = d.key;
                            if (d.type === 'multiCombo') {   // lookup key without the trailing ':'
                                referenceKey = referenceKey.replace(/:$/, '');
                            }

                            reference = uiTagReference(d.reference || { key: referenceKey });
                            if (_state === 'hover') {
                                reference.showing(false);
                            }
                        }

                        selection
                            .call(d.impl);

                        // add field help components
                        if (help) {
                            selection
                                .call(help.body)
                                .select('.field-label')
                                .call(help.button);
                        }

                        // add tag reference components
                        if (reference) {
                            selection
                                .call(reference.body)
                                .select('.field-label')
                                .call(reference.button);
                        }

                        d.impl.tags(_tags);
                    });


                    container
                        .classed('locked', _locked)
                        .classed('modified', isModified())
                        .classed('present', tagsContainFieldKey());


                    // show a tip and lock icon if the field is locked
                    var annotation = container.selectAll('.field-label .label-textannotation');
                    var icon = annotation.selectAll('.icon')
                        .data(_locked ? [0]: []);

                    icon.exit()
                        .remove();

                    icon.enter()
                        .append('svg')
                        .attr('class', 'icon')
                        .append('use')
                        .attr('xlink:href', '#fas-lock');

                    container.call(_locked ? _lockedTip : _lockedTip.destroy);
            };


            field.state = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _state; }
                _state = val;
                return field;
            };


            field.tags = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _tags; }
                _tags = val;

                if (tagsContainFieldKey() && !_show) {
                    // always show a field if it has a value to display
                    _show = true;
                    if (!field.impl) {
                        createField();
                    }
                }

                return field;
            };


            field.locked = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _locked; }
                _locked = val;
                return field;
            };


            field.show = function() {
                _show = true;
                if (!field.impl) {
                    createField();
                }
                if (field.default && field.key && _tags[field.key] !== field.default) {
                    var t = {};
                    t[field.key] = field.default;
                    dispatch$1.call('change', this, t);
                }
            };

            // A shown field has a visible UI, a non-shown field is in the 'Add field' dropdown
            field.isShown = function() {
                return _show;
            };


            // An allowed field can appear in the UI or in the 'Add field' dropdown.
            // A non-allowed field is hidden from the user altogether
            field.isAllowed = function() {

                if (entityIDs &&
                    entityIDs.length > 1 &&
                    uiFields[field.type].supportsMultiselection === false) { return false; }

                if (field.geometry && !entityIDs.every(function(entityID) {
                    return field.matchGeometry(context.graph().geometry(entityID));
                })) { return false; }

                if (field.countryCodes || field.notCountryCodes) {
                    var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
                    if (!extent) { return true; }

                    var center = extent.center();
                    var countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);

                    if (!countryCode) { return false; }

                    countryCode = countryCode.toLowerCase();

                    if (field.countryCodes && field.countryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) === -1) {
                        return false;
                    }
                    if (field.notCountryCodes && field.notCountryCodes.indexOf(countryCode) !== -1) {
                        return false;
                    }
                }

                var prerequisiteTag = field.prerequisiteTag;

                if (entityIDs &&
                    !tagsContainFieldKey() && // ignore tagging prerequisites if a value is already present
                    prerequisiteTag) {

                    if (!entityIDs.every(function(entityID) {
                        var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
                        if (prerequisiteTag.key) {
                            var value = entity.tags[prerequisiteTag.key];
                            if (!value) { return false; }

                            if (prerequisiteTag.valueNot) {
                                return prerequisiteTag.valueNot !== value;
                            }
                            if (prerequisiteTag.value) {
                                return prerequisiteTag.value === value;
                            }
                        } else if (prerequisiteTag.keyNot) {
                            if (entity.tags[prerequisiteTag.keyNot]) { return false; }
                        }
                        return true;
                    })) { return false; }
                }

                return true;
            };


            field.focus = function() {
                if (field.impl) {
                    field.impl.focus();
                }
            };


            function combinedEntityExtent() {
                return entityIDs && entityIDs.length && entityIDs.reduce(function(extent, entityID) {
                    var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
                    return extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
                }, geoExtent());
            }


            return utilRebind(field, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiFormFields(context) {
            var moreCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'more-fields').minItems(1);
            var _fieldsArr = [];
            var _lastPlaceholder = '';
            var _state = '';
            var _klass = '';


            function formFields(selection) {
                var allowedFields = _fieldsArr.filter(function(field) { return field.isAllowed(); });
                var shown = allowedFields.filter(function(field) { return field.isShown(); });
                var notShown = allowedFields.filter(function(field) { return !field.isShown(); });

                var container = selection.selectAll('.form-fields-container')
                    .data([0]);

                container = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-fields-container ' + (_klass || ''))
                    .merge(container);


                var fields = container.selectAll('.wrap-form-field')
                    .data(shown, function(d) { return d.id + (d.entityIDs ? d.entityIDs.join() : ''); });

                fields.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var enter = fields.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'wrap-form-field wrap-form-field-' + d.safeid; });

                // Update
                fields = fields
                    .merge(enter);

                fields
                    .order()
                    .each(function(d) {
                        select(this)
                            .call(d.render);
                    });


                var titles = [];
                var moreFields = notShown.map(function(field) {
                    var label = field.label();
                    titles.push(label);

                    var terms = field.terms();
                    if (field.key) { terms.push(field.key); }
                    if (field.keys) { terms = terms.concat(field.keys); }

                    return {
                        title: label,
                        value: label,
                        field: field,
                        terms: terms
                    };
                });

                var placeholder = titles.slice(0,3).join(', ') + ((titles.length > 3) ? '…' : '');


                var more = selection.selectAll('.more-fields')
                    .data((_state === 'hover' || moreFields.length === 0) ? [] : [0]);

                more.exit()
                    .remove();

                var moreEnter = more.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'more-fields')
                    .append('label');

                moreEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('inspector.add_fields'));

                more = moreEnter
                    .merge(more);


                var input = more.selectAll('.value')
                    .data([0]);

                input.exit()
                    .remove();

                input = input.enter()
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('class', 'value')
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .attr('placeholder', placeholder)
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .merge(input);

                input
                    .call(utilGetSetValue, '')
                    .call(moreCombo
                        .data(moreFields)
                        .on('accept', function (d) {
                            if (!d) { return; }  // user entered something that was not matched
                            var field = d.field;
                            field.show();
                            selection.call(formFields);  // rerender
                            if (field.type !== 'semiCombo' && field.type !== 'multiCombo') {
                                field.focus();
                            }
                        })
                    );

                // avoid updating placeholder excessively (triggers style recalc)
                if (_lastPlaceholder !== placeholder) {
                    input.attr('placeholder', placeholder);
                    _lastPlaceholder = placeholder;
                }
            }


            formFields.fieldsArr = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _fieldsArr; }
                _fieldsArr = val || [];
                return formFields;
            };

            formFields.state = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _state; }
                _state = val;
                return formFields;
            };

            formFields.klass = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _klass; }
                _klass = val;
                return formFields;
            };


            return formFields;
        }

        function uiSectionPresetFields(context) {

            var section = uiSection('preset-fields', context)
                .title(function() {
                    return _t('inspector.fields');
                })
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change', 'revert');
            var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
            var _state;
            var _fieldsArr;
            var _presets = [];
            var _tags;
            var _entityIDs;

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
                if (!_fieldsArr) {

                    var graph = context.graph();

                    var geometries = Object.keys(_entityIDs.reduce(function(geoms, entityID) {
                        geoms[graph.entity(entityID).geometry(graph)] = true;
                        return geoms;
                    }, {}));

                    var presetsManager = _mainPresetIndex;

                    var allFields = [];
                    var allMoreFields = [];
                    var sharedTotalFields;

                    _presets.forEach(function(preset) {
                        var fields = preset.fields();
                        var moreFields = preset.moreFields();

                        allFields = utilArrayUnion(allFields, fields);
                        allMoreFields = utilArrayUnion(allMoreFields, moreFields);

                        if (!sharedTotalFields) {
                            sharedTotalFields = utilArrayUnion(fields, moreFields);
                        } else {
                            sharedTotalFields = sharedTotalFields.filter(function(field) {
                                return fields.indexOf(field) !== -1 || moreFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
                            });
                        }
                    });

                    var sharedFields = allFields.filter(function(field) {
                        return sharedTotalFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
                    });
                    var sharedMoreFields = allMoreFields.filter(function(field) {
                        return sharedTotalFields.indexOf(field) !== -1;
                    });

                    _fieldsArr = [];

                    sharedFields.forEach(function(field) {
                        if (field.matchAllGeometry(geometries)) {
                            _fieldsArr.push(
                                uiField(context, field, _entityIDs)
                            );
                        }
                    });

                    var singularEntity = _entityIDs.length === 1 && graph.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
                    if (singularEntity && singularEntity.isHighwayIntersection(graph) && presetsManager.field('restrictions')) {
                        _fieldsArr.push(
                            uiField(context, presetsManager.field('restrictions'), _entityIDs)
                        );
                    }

                    var additionalFields = utilArrayUnion(sharedMoreFields, presetsManager.universal());
                    additionalFields.sort(function(field1, field2) {
                        return field1.label().localeCompare(field2.label(), _mainLocalizer.localeCode());
                    });

                    additionalFields.forEach(function(field) {
                        if (sharedFields.indexOf(field) === -1 &&
                            field.matchAllGeometry(geometries)) {
                            _fieldsArr.push(
                                uiField(context, field, _entityIDs, { show: false })
                            );
                        }
                    });

                    _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
                        field
                            .on('change', function(t, onInput) {
                                dispatch$1.call('change', field, _entityIDs, t, onInput);
                            })
                            .on('revert', function(keys) {
                                dispatch$1.call('revert', field, keys);
                            });
                    });
                }

                _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
                    field
                        .state(_state)
                        .tags(_tags);
                });


                selection
                    .call(formFields
                        .fieldsArr(_fieldsArr)
                        .state(_state)
                        .klass('grouped-items-area')
                    );


                selection.selectAll('.wrap-form-field input')
                    .on('keydown', function() {
                        // if user presses enter, and combobox is not active, accept edits..
                        if (event.keyCode === 13 && context.container().select('.combobox').empty()) {
                            context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                        }
                    });
            }

            section.presets = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _presets; }
                if (!_presets || !val || !utilArrayIdentical(_presets, val)) {
                    _presets = val;
                    _fieldsArr = null;
                }
                return section;
            };

            section.state = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _state; }
                _state = val;
                return section;
            };

            section.tags = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _tags; }
                _tags = val;
                // Don't reset _fieldsArr here.
                return section;
            };

            section.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                if (!val || !_entityIDs || !utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) {
                    _entityIDs = val;
                    _fieldsArr = null;
                }
                return section;
            };

            return utilRebind(section, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiSectionRawMemberEditor(context) {

            var section = uiSection('raw-member-editor', context)
                .shouldDisplay(function() {
                    if (!_entityIDs || _entityIDs.length !== 1) { return false; }

                    var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
                    return entity && entity.type === 'relation';
                })
                .title(function() {
                    var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
                    if (!entity) { return ''; }

                    var gt = entity.members.length > _maxMembers ? '>' : '';
                    var count = gt + entity.members.slice(0, _maxMembers).length;
                    return _t('inspector.title_count', { title: _t('inspector.members'), count: count });
                })
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            var taginfo = services.taginfo;
            var _entityIDs;
            var _maxMembers = 1000;

            function downloadMember(d) {
                event.preventDefault();

                // display the loading indicator
                select(this.parentNode).classed('tag-reference-loading', true);
                context.loadEntity(d.id, function() {
                    section.reRender();
                });
            }

            function zoomToMember(d) {
                event.preventDefault();

                var entity = context.entity(d.id);
                context.map().zoomToEase(entity);

                // highlight the feature in case it wasn't previously on-screen
                utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
            }


            function selectMember(d) {
                event.preventDefault();

                // remove the hover-highlight styling
                utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);

                var entity = context.entity(d.id);
                var mapExtent = context.map().extent();
                if (!entity.intersects(mapExtent, context.graph())) {
                    // zoom to the entity if its extent is not visible now
                    context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
                }

                context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.id]));
            }


            function changeRole(d) {
                var oldRole = d.role;
                var newRole = context.cleanRelationRole(select(this).property('value'));

                if (oldRole !== newRole) {
                    var member = { id: d.id, type: d.type, role: newRole };
                    context.perform(
                        actionChangeMember(d.relation.id, member, d.index),
                        _t('operations.change_role.annotation')
                    );
                }
            }


            function deleteMember(d) {

                // remove the hover-highlight styling
                utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);

                context.perform(
                    actionDeleteMember(d.relation.id, d.index),
                    _t('operations.delete_member.annotation')
                );

                if (!context.hasEntity(d.relation.id)) {
                    context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                }
            }

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {

                var entityID = _entityIDs[0];

                var memberships = [];
                var entity = context.entity(entityID);
                entity.members.slice(0, _maxMembers).forEach(function(member, index) {
                    memberships.push({
                        index: index,
                        id: member.id,
                        type: member.type,
                        role: member.role,
                        relation: entity,
                        member: context.hasEntity(member.id),
                        domId: utilUniqueDomId(entityID + '-member-' + index)
                    });
                });

                var list = selection.selectAll('.member-list')
                    .data([0]);

                list = list.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'member-list')
                    .merge(list);


                var items = list.selectAll('li')
                    .data(memberships, function(d) {
                        return osmEntity.key(d.relation) + ',' + d.index + ',' +
                            (d.member ? osmEntity.key(d.member) : 'incomplete');
                    });

                items.exit()
                    .each(unbind)
                    .remove();

                var itemsEnter = items.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'member-row form-field')
                    .classed('member-incomplete', function(d) { return !d.member; });

                itemsEnter
                    .each(function(d) {
                        var item = select(this);

                        var label = item
                            .append('label')
                            .attr('class', 'field-label')
                            .attr('for', d.domId);

                        if (d.member) {
                            // highlight the member feature in the map while hovering on the list item
                            item
                                .on('mouseover', function() {
                                    utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
                                })
                                .on('mouseout', function() {
                                    utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
                                });

                            var labelLink = label
                                .append('span')
                                .attr('class', 'label-text')
                                .append('a')
                                .attr('href', '#')
                                .on('click', selectMember);

                            labelLink
                                .append('span')
                                .attr('class', 'member-entity-type')
                                .text(function(d) {
                                    var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.member, context.graph());
                                    return (matched && matched.name()) || utilDisplayType(d.member.id);
                                });

                            labelLink
                                .append('span')
                                .attr('class', 'member-entity-name')
                                .text(function(d) { return utilDisplayName(d.member); });

                            label
                                .append('button')
                                .attr('tabindex', -1)
                                .attr('title', _t('icons.remove'))
                                .attr('class', 'remove member-delete')
                                .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'));

                            label
                                .append('button')
                                .attr('class', 'member-zoom')
                                .attr('title', _t('icons.zoom_to'))
                                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome'))
                                .on('click', zoomToMember);

                        } else {
                            var labelText = label
                                .append('span')
                                .attr('class', 'label-text');

                            labelText
                                .append('span')
                                .attr('class', 'member-entity-type')
                                .text(_t('inspector.' + d.type, { id: d.id }));

                            labelText
                                .append('span')
                                .attr('class', 'member-entity-name')
                                .text(_t('inspector.incomplete', { id: d.id }));

                            label
                                .append('button')
                                .attr('class', 'member-download')
                                .attr('title', _t('icons.download'))
                                .attr('tabindex', -1)
                                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load'))
                                .on('click', downloadMember);
                        }
                    });

                var wrapEnter = itemsEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');

                wrapEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('class', 'member-role')
                    .attr('id', function(d) {
                        return d.domId;
                    })
                    .property('type', 'text')
                    .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role'))
                    .call(utilNoAuto);

                if (taginfo) {
                    wrapEnter.each(bindTypeahead);
                }

                // update
                items = items
                    .merge(itemsEnter)
                    .order();

                items.select('input.member-role')
                    .property('value', function(d) { return d.role; })
                    .on('blur', changeRole)
                    .on('change', changeRole);

                items.select('button.member-delete')
                    .on('click', deleteMember);

                var dragOrigin, targetIndex;

                items.call(d3_drag()
                    .on('start', function() {
                        dragOrigin = {
                            x: event.x,
                            y: event.y
                        };
                        targetIndex = null;
                    })
                    .on('drag', function(d, index) {
                        var x = event.x - dragOrigin.x,
                            y = event.y - dragOrigin.y;

                        if (!select(this).classed('dragging') &&
                            // don't display drag until dragging beyond a distance threshold
                            Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2)) <= 5) { return; }

                        select(this)
                            .classed('dragging', true);

                        targetIndex = null;

                        selection.selectAll('li.member-row')
                            .style('transform', function(d2, index2) {
                                var node = select(this).node();
                                if (index === index2) {
                                    return 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)';
                                } else if (index2 > index && event.y > node.offsetTop) {
                                    if (targetIndex === null || index2 > targetIndex) {
                                        targetIndex = index2;
                                    }
                                    return 'translateY(-100%)';
                                } else if (index2 < index && event.y < node.offsetTop + node.offsetHeight) {
                                    if (targetIndex === null || index2 < targetIndex) {
                                        targetIndex = index2;
                                    }
                                    return 'translateY(100%)';
                                }
                                return null;
                            });
                    })
                    .on('end', function(d, index) {

                        if (!select(this).classed('dragging')) {
                            return;
                        }

                        select(this)
                            .classed('dragging', false);

                        selection.selectAll('li.member-row')
                            .style('transform', null);

                        if (targetIndex !== null) {
                            // dragged to a new position, reorder
                            context.perform(
                                actionMoveMember(d.relation.id, index, targetIndex),
                                _t('operations.reorder_members.annotation')
                            );
                        }
                    })
                );



                function bindTypeahead(d) {
                    var row = select(this);
                    var role = row.selectAll('input.member-role');
                    var origValue = role.property('value');

                    function sort(value, data) {
                        var sameletter = [];
                        var other = [];
                        for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                            if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
                                sameletter.push(data[i]);
                            } else {
                                other.push(data[i]);
                            }
                        }
                        return sameletter.concat(other);
                    }

                    role.call(uiCombobox(context, 'member-role')
                        .fetcher(function(role, callback) {
                            // The `geometry` param is used in the `taginfo.js` interface for
                            // filtering results, as a key into the `tag_members_fractions`
                            // object.  If we don't know the geometry because the member is
                            // not yet downloaded, it's ok to guess based on type.
                            var geometry;
                            if (d.member) {
                                geometry = context.graph().geometry(d.member.id);
                            } else if (d.type === 'relation') {
                                geometry = 'relation';
                            } else if (d.type === 'way') {
                                geometry = 'line';
                            } else {
                                geometry = 'point';
                            }

                            var rtype = entity.tags.type;
                            taginfo.roles({
                                debounce: true,
                                rtype: rtype || '',
                                geometry: geometry,
                                query: role
                            }, function(err, data) {
                                if (!err) { callback(sort(role, data)); }
                            });
                        })
                        .on('cancel', function() {
                            role.property('value', origValue);
                        })
                    );
                }


                function unbind() {
                    var row = select(this);

                    row.selectAll('input.member-role')
                        .call(uiCombobox.off, context);
                }
            }

            section.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                return section;
            };


            return section;
        }

        function uiSectionRawMembershipEditor(context) {

            var section = uiSection('raw-membership-editor', context)
                .shouldDisplay(function() {
                    return _entityIDs && _entityIDs.length === 1;
                })
                .title(function() {
                    var entity = context.hasEntity(_entityIDs[0]);
                    if (!entity) { return ''; }

                    var parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);
                    var gt = parents.length > _maxMemberships ? '>' : '';
                    var count = gt + parents.slice(0, _maxMemberships).length;
                    return _t('inspector.title_count', { title: _t('inspector.relations'), count: count });
                })
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            var taginfo = services.taginfo;
            var nearbyCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'parent-relation')
                .minItems(1)
                .fetcher(fetchNearbyRelations)
                .itemsMouseEnter(function(d) {
                    if (d.relation) { utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context); }
                })
                .itemsMouseLeave(function(d) {
                    if (d.relation) { utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context); }
                });
            var _inChange = false;
            var _entityIDs = [];
            var _showBlank;
            var _maxMemberships = 1000;

            function selectRelation(d) {
                event.preventDefault();

                // remove the hover-highlight styling
                utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);

                context.enter(modeSelect(context, [d.relation.id]));
            }

            function zoomToRelation(d) {
                event.preventDefault();

                var entity = context.entity(d.relation.id);
                context.map().zoomToEase(entity);

                // highlight the relation in case it wasn't previously on-screen
                utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
            }


            function changeRole(d) {
                if (d === 0) { return; }    // called on newrow (shouldn't happen)
                if (_inChange) { return; }  // avoid accidental recursive call #5731

                var oldRole = d.member.role;
                var newRole = context.cleanRelationRole(select(this).property('value'));

                if (oldRole !== newRole) {
                    _inChange = true;
                    context.perform(
                        actionChangeMember(d.relation.id, Object.assign({}, d.member, { role: newRole }), d.index),
                        _t('operations.change_role.annotation')
                    );
                }
                _inChange = false;
            }


            function addMembership(d, role) {
                this.blur();           // avoid keeping focus on the button
                _showBlank = false;

                var member = { id: _entityIDs[0], type: context.entity(_entityIDs[0]).type, role: role };

                if (d.relation) {
                    context.perform(
                        actionAddMember(d.relation.id, member),
                        _t('operations.add_member.annotation')
                    );

                } else {
                    var relation = osmRelation();
                    context.perform(
                        actionAddEntity(relation),
                        actionAddMember(relation.id, member),
                        _t('operations.add.annotation.relation')
                    );

                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, [relation.id]).newFeature(true));
                }
            }


            function deleteMembership(d) {
                this.blur();           // avoid keeping focus on the button
                if (d === 0) { return; }   // called on newrow (shouldn't happen)

                // remove the hover-highlight styling
                utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);

                context.perform(
                    actionDeleteMember(d.relation.id, d.index),
                    _t('operations.delete_member.annotation')
                );
            }


            function fetchNearbyRelations(q, callback) {
                var newRelation = { relation: null, value: _t('inspector.new_relation') };

                var entityID = _entityIDs[0];

                var result = [];

                var graph = context.graph();

                function baseDisplayLabel(entity) {
                    var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);
                    var presetName = (matched && matched.name()) || _t('inspector.relation');
                    var entityName = utilDisplayName(entity) || '';

                    return presetName + ' ' + entityName;
                }

                var explicitRelation = q && context.hasEntity(q.toLowerCase());
                if (explicitRelation && explicitRelation.type === 'relation' && explicitRelation.id !== entityID) {
                    // loaded relation is specified explicitly, only show that

                    result.push({
                        relation: explicitRelation,
                        value: baseDisplayLabel(explicitRelation) + ' ' + explicitRelation.id
                    });
                } else {

                    context.history().intersects(context.map().extent()).forEach(function(entity) {
                        if (entity.type !== 'relation' || entity.id === entityID) { return; }

                        var value = baseDisplayLabel(entity);
                        if (q && (value + ' ' + entity.id).toLowerCase().indexOf(q.toLowerCase()) === -1) { return; }

                        result.push({ relation: entity, value: value });
                    });

                    result.sort(function(a, b) {
                        return osmRelation.creationOrder(a.relation, b.relation);
                    });

                    // Dedupe identical names by appending relation id - see #2891
                    var dupeGroups = Object.values(utilArrayGroupBy(result, 'value'))
                        .filter(function(v) { return v.length > 1; });

                    dupeGroups.forEach(function(group) {
                        group.forEach(function(obj) {
                            obj.value += ' ' + obj.relation.id;
                        });
                    });
                }

                result.forEach(function(obj) {
                    obj.title = obj.value;
                });

                result.unshift(newRelation);
                callback(result);
            }

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {

                var entityID = _entityIDs[0];

                var entity = context.entity(entityID);
                var parents = context.graph().parentRelations(entity);

                var memberships = [];

                parents.slice(0, _maxMemberships).forEach(function(relation) {
                    relation.members.forEach(function(member, index) {
                        if (member.id === entity.id) {
                            memberships.push({
                                relation: relation,
                                member: member,
                                index: index,
                                domId: utilUniqueDomId(entityID + '-membership-' + relation.id + '-' + index)
                            });
                        }
                    });
                });

                var list = selection.selectAll('.member-list')
                    .data([0]);

                list = list.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'member-list')
                    .merge(list);


                var items = list.selectAll('li.member-row-normal')
                    .data(memberships, function(d) {
                        return osmEntity.key(d.relation) + ',' + d.index;
                    });

                items.exit()
                    .each(unbind)
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var itemsEnter = items.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'member-row member-row-normal form-field');

                // highlight the relation in the map while hovering on the list item
                itemsEnter.on('mouseover', function(d) {
                        utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], true, context);
                    })
                    .on('mouseout', function(d) {
                        utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context);
                    });

                var labelEnter = itemsEnter
                    .append('label')
                    .attr('class', 'field-label')
                    .attr('for', function(d) {
                        return d.domId;
                    });

                var labelLink = labelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'label-text')
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .on('click', selectRelation);

                labelLink
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'member-entity-type')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.relation, context.graph());
                        return (matched && matched.name()) || _t('inspector.relation');
                    });

                labelLink
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'member-entity-name')
                    .text(function(d) { return utilDisplayName(d.relation); });

                labelEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .attr('class', 'remove member-delete')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'))
                    .on('click', deleteMembership);

                labelEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'member-zoom')
                    .attr('title', _t('icons.zoom_to'))
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'monochrome'))
                    .on('click', zoomToRelation);

                var wrapEnter = itemsEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');

                wrapEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('class', 'member-role')
                    .attr('id', function(d) {
                        return d.domId;
                    })
                    .property('type', 'text')
                    .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role'))
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .property('value', function(d) { return d.member.role; })
                    .on('blur', changeRole)
                    .on('change', changeRole);

                if (taginfo) {
                    wrapEnter.each(bindTypeahead);
                }


                var newMembership = list.selectAll('.member-row-new')
                    .data(_showBlank ? [0] : []);

                // Exit
                newMembership.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var newMembershipEnter = newMembership.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'member-row member-row-new form-field');

                var newLabelEnter = newMembershipEnter
                    .append('label')
                    .attr('class', 'field-label');

                newLabelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.choose_relation'))
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .attr('class', 'member-entity-input')
                    .call(utilNoAuto);

                newLabelEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .attr('class', 'remove member-delete')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-operation-delete'))
                    .on('click', function() {
                        list.selectAll('.member-row-new')
                            .remove();
                    });

                var newWrapEnter = newMembershipEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'form-field-input-wrap form-field-input-member');

                newWrapEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('class', 'member-role')
                    .property('type', 'text')
                    .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.role'))
                    .call(utilNoAuto);

                // Update
                newMembership = newMembership
                    .merge(newMembershipEnter);

                newMembership.selectAll('.member-entity-input')
                    .on('blur', cancelEntity)   // if it wasn't accepted normally, cancel it
                    .call(nearbyCombo
                        .on('accept', acceptEntity)
                        .on('cancel', cancelEntity)
                    );


                // Container for the Add button
                var addRow = selection.selectAll('.add-row')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter
                var addRowEnter = addRow.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'add-row');

                var addRelationButton = addRowEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'add-relation');

                addRelationButton
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-plus', 'light'));
                addRelationButton
                    .call(uiTooltip().title(_t('inspector.add_to_relation')).placement(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left'));

                addRowEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'space-value');   // preserve space

                addRowEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'space-buttons');  // preserve space

                // update
                addRow = addRow
                    .merge(addRowEnter);

                addRow.select('.add-relation')
                    .on('click', function() {
                        _showBlank = true;
                        section.reRender();
                        list.selectAll('.member-entity-input').node().focus();
                    });


                function acceptEntity(d) {
                    if (!d) {
                        cancelEntity();
                        return;
                    }
                    // remove hover-higlighting
                    if (d.relation) { utilHighlightEntities([d.relation.id], false, context); }

                    var role = context.cleanRelationRole(list.selectAll('.member-row-new .member-role').property('value'));
                    addMembership(d, role);
                }


                function cancelEntity() {
                    var input = newMembership.selectAll('.member-entity-input');
                    input.property('value', '');

                    // remove hover-higlighting
                    context.surface().selectAll('.highlighted')
                        .classed('highlighted', false);
                }


                function bindTypeahead(d) {
                    var row = select(this);
                    var role = row.selectAll('input.member-role');
                    var origValue = role.property('value');

                    function sort(value, data) {
                        var sameletter = [];
                        var other = [];
                        for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                            if (data[i].value.substring(0, value.length) === value) {
                                sameletter.push(data[i]);
                            } else {
                                other.push(data[i]);
                            }
                        }
                        return sameletter.concat(other);
                    }

                    role.call(uiCombobox(context, 'member-role')
                        .fetcher(function(role, callback) {
                            var rtype = d.relation.tags.type;
                            taginfo.roles({
                                debounce: true,
                                rtype: rtype || '',
                                geometry: context.graph().geometry(entityID),
                                query: role
                            }, function(err, data) {
                                if (!err) { callback(sort(role, data)); }
                            });
                        })
                        .on('cancel', function() {
                            role.property('value', origValue);
                        })
                    );
                }


                function unbind() {
                    var row = select(this);

                    row.selectAll('input.member-role')
                        .call(uiCombobox.off, context);
                }
            }


            section.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                _showBlank = false;
                return section;
            };


            return section;
        }

        function uiSectionSelectionList(context) {

            var _selectedIDs = [];

            var section = uiSection('selected-features', context)
                .shouldDisplay(function() {
                    return _selectedIDs.length > 1;
                })
                .title(function() {
                    return _t('inspector.title_count', { title: _t('inspector.features'), count: _selectedIDs.length });
                })
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            context.history()
                .on('change.selectionList', function(difference) {
                    if (difference) {
                        section.reRender();
                    }
                });

            section.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _selectedIDs; }
                _selectedIDs = val;
                return section;
            };

            function selectEntity(entity) {
                context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entity.id]));
            }

            function deselectEntity(entity) {
                event.stopPropagation();

                var selectedIDs = _selectedIDs.slice();
                var index = selectedIDs.indexOf(entity.id);
                if (index > -1) {
                    selectedIDs.splice(index, 1);
                    context.enter(modeSelect(context, selectedIDs));
                }
            }

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {

                var list = selection.selectAll('.feature-list')
                    .data([0]);

                list = list.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'feature-list')
                    .merge(list);

                var entities = _selectedIDs
                    .map(function(id) { return context.hasEntity(id); })
                    .filter(Boolean);

                var items = list.selectAll('.feature-list-item')
                    .data(entities, osmEntity.key);

                items.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var enter = items.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'feature-list-item')
                    .on('click', selectEntity);

                enter
                    .each(function(d) {
                        select(this).on('mouseover', function() {
                            utilHighlightEntities([d.id], true, context);
                        });
                        select(this).on('mouseout', function() {
                            utilHighlightEntities([d.id], false, context);
                        });
                    });

                var label = enter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'label');

                enter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'close')
                    .attr('title', _t('icons.deselect'))
                    .on('click', deselectEntity)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

                label
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'entity-geom-icon')
                    .call(svgIcon('', 'pre-text'));

                label
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'entity-type');

                label
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'entity-name');

                // Update
                items = items.merge(enter);

                items.selectAll('.entity-geom-icon use')
                    .attr('href', function() {
                        var entity = this.parentNode.parentNode.__data__;
                        return '#iD-icon-' + entity.geometry(context.graph());
                    });

                items.selectAll('.entity-type')
                    .text(function(entity) { return _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, context.graph()).name(); });

                items.selectAll('.entity-name')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        // fetch latest entity
                        var entity = context.entity(d.id);
                        return utilDisplayName(entity);
                    });
            }

            return section;
        }

        function uiEntityEditor(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('choose');
            var _state = 'select';
            var _coalesceChanges = false;
            var _modified = false;
            var _base;
            var _entityIDs;
            var _activePresets = [];
            var _newFeature;

            var _sections;

            function entityEditor(selection) {

                var combinedTags = utilCombinedTags(_entityIDs, context.graph());

                // Header
                var header = selection.selectAll('.header')
                    .data([0]);

                // Enter
                var headerEnter = header.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'header fillL cf');

                headerEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-reset preset-choose')
                    .call(svgIcon((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward'));

                headerEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'close')
                    .on('click', function() { context.enter(modeBrowse(context)); })
                    .call(svgIcon(_modified ? '#iD-icon-apply' : '#iD-icon-close'));

                headerEnter
                    .append('h3');

                // Update
                header = header
                    .merge(headerEnter);

                header.selectAll('h3')
                    .text(_entityIDs.length === 1 ? _t('inspector.edit') : _t('inspector.edit_features'));

                header.selectAll('.preset-reset')
                    .on('click', function() {
                        dispatch$1.call('choose', this, _activePresets);
                    });

                // Body
                var body = selection.selectAll('.inspector-body')
                    .data([0]);

                // Enter
                var bodyEnter = body.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'entity-editor inspector-body sep-top');

                // Update
                body = body
                    .merge(bodyEnter);

                if (!_sections) {
                    _sections = [
                        uiSectionSelectionList(context),
                        uiSectionFeatureType(context).on('choose', function(presets) {
                            dispatch$1.call('choose', this, presets);
                        }),
                        uiSectionEntityIssues(context),
                        uiSectionPresetFields(context).on('change', changeTags).on('revert', revertTags),
                        uiSectionRawTagEditor('raw-tag-editor', context).on('change', changeTags),
                        uiSectionRawMemberEditor(context),
                        uiSectionRawMembershipEditor(context)
                    ];
                }

                _sections.forEach(function(section) {
                    if (section.entityIDs) {
                        section.entityIDs(_entityIDs);
                    }
                    if (section.presets) {
                        section.presets(_activePresets);
                    }
                    if (section.tags) {
                        section.tags(combinedTags);
                    }
                    if (section.state) {
                        section.state(_state);
                    }
                    body.call(section.render);
                });

                body
                    .selectAll('.key-trap-wrap')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'key-trap-wrap')
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'text')
                    .attr('class', 'key-trap')
                    .on('keydown.key-trap', function() {
                        // On tabbing, send focus back to the first field on the inspector-body
                        // (probably the `name` field) #4159
                        if (event.keyCode === 9 && !event.shiftKey) {
                            event.preventDefault();
                            body.select('input').node().focus();
                        }
                    });

                context.history()
                    .on('change.entity-editor', historyChanged);

                function historyChanged(difference) {
                    if (selection.selectAll('.entity-editor').empty()) { return; }
                    if (_state === 'hide') { return; }
                    var significant = !difference ||
                            difference.didChange.properties ||
                            difference.didChange.addition ||
                            difference.didChange.deletion;
                    if (!significant) { return; }

                    _entityIDs = _entityIDs.filter(context.hasEntity);
                    if (!_entityIDs.length) { return; }

                    var priorActivePreset = _activePresets.length === 1 && _activePresets[0];

                    loadActivePresets();

                    var graph = context.graph();
                    entityEditor.modified(_base !== graph);
                    entityEditor(selection);

                    if (priorActivePreset && _activePresets.length === 1 && priorActivePreset !== _activePresets[0]) {
                        // flash the button to indicate the preset changed
                        context.container().selectAll('.entity-editor button.preset-reset .label')
                            .style('background-color', '#fff')
                            .transition()
                            .duration(750)
                            .style('background-color', null);
                    }
                }
            }


            // Tag changes that fire on input can all get coalesced into a single
            // history operation when the user leaves the field.  #2342
            // Use explicit entityIDs in case the selection changes before the event is fired.
            function changeTags(entityIDs, changed, onInput) {

                var actions = [];
                for (var i in entityIDs) {
                    var entityID = entityIDs[i];
                    var entity = context.entity(entityID);

                    var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);   // shallow copy

                    for (var k in changed) {
                        if (!k) { continue; }
                        var v = changed[k];
                        if (v !== undefined || tags.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
                            tags[k] = v;
                        }
                    }

                    if (!onInput) {
                        tags = utilCleanTags(tags);
                    }

                    if (!fastDeepEqual(entity.tags, tags)) {
                        actions.push(actionChangeTags(entityID, tags));
                    }
                }

                if (actions.length) {
                    var combinedAction = function(graph) {
                        actions.forEach(function(action) {
                            graph = action(graph);
                        });
                        return graph;
                    };

                    var annotation = _t('operations.change_tags.annotation');

                    if (_coalesceChanges) {
                        context.overwrite(combinedAction, annotation);
                    } else {
                        context.perform(combinedAction, annotation);
                        _coalesceChanges = !!onInput;
                    }
                }

                // if leaving field (blur event), rerun validation
                if (!onInput) {
                    context.validator().validate();
                }
            }

            function revertTags(keys) {

                var actions = [];
                for (var i in _entityIDs) {
                    var entityID = _entityIDs[i];

                    var original = context.graph().base().entities[entityID];
                    var changed = {};
                    for (var j in keys) {
                        var key = keys[j];
                        changed[key] = original ? original.tags[key] : undefined;
                    }

                    var entity = context.entity(entityID);
                    var tags = Object.assign({}, entity.tags);   // shallow copy

                    for (var k in changed) {
                        if (!k) { continue; }
                        var v = changed[k];
                        if (v !== undefined || tags.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
                            tags[k] = v;
                        }
                    }


                    tags = utilCleanTags(tags);

                    if (!fastDeepEqual(entity.tags, tags)) {
                        actions.push(actionChangeTags(entityID, tags));
                    }

                }

                if (actions.length) {
                    var combinedAction = function(graph) {
                        actions.forEach(function(action) {
                            graph = action(graph);
                        });
                        return graph;
                    };

                    var annotation = _t('operations.change_tags.annotation');

                    if (_coalesceChanges) {
                        context.overwrite(combinedAction, annotation);
                    } else {
                        context.perform(combinedAction, annotation);
                        _coalesceChanges = false;
                    }
                }

                context.validator().validate();
            }


            entityEditor.modified = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _modified; }
                _modified = val;
                return entityEditor;
            };


            entityEditor.state = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _state; }
                _state = val;
                return entityEditor;
            };


            entityEditor.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                if (val && _entityIDs && utilArrayIdentical(_entityIDs, val)) { return entityEditor; }  // exit early if no change

                _entityIDs = val;
                _base = context.graph();
                _coalesceChanges = false;

                loadActivePresets(true);

                return entityEditor
                    .modified(false);
            };


            entityEditor.newFeature = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _newFeature; }
                _newFeature = val;
                return entityEditor;
            };


            function loadActivePresets(isForNewSelection) {

                var graph = context.graph();

                var counts = {};

                for (var i in _entityIDs) {
                    var entity = graph.hasEntity(_entityIDs[i]);
                    if (!entity) { return; }

                    var match = _mainPresetIndex.match(entity, graph);

                    if (!counts[match.id]) { counts[match.id] = 0; }
                    counts[match.id] += 1;
                }

                var matches = Object.keys(counts).sort(function(p1, p2) {
                    return counts[p2] - counts[p1];
                }).map(function(pID) {
                    return _mainPresetIndex.item(pID);
                });

                if (!isForNewSelection) {
                    // A "weak" preset doesn't set any tags. (e.g. "Address")
                    var weakPreset = _activePresets.length === 1 &&
                        !_activePresets[0].isFallback() &&
                        Object.keys(_activePresets[0].addTags || {}).length === 0;
                    // Don't replace a weak preset with a fallback preset (e.g. "Point")
                    if (weakPreset && matches.length === 1 && matches[0].isFallback()) { return; }
                }

                entityEditor.presets(matches);
            }

            entityEditor.presets = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _activePresets; }

                // don't reload the same preset
                if (!utilArrayIdentical(val, _activePresets)) {
                    _activePresets = val;
                }
                return entityEditor;
            };

            return utilRebind(entityEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiPresetList(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel', 'choose');
            var _entityIDs;
            var _currentPresets;
            var _autofocus = false;


            function presetList(selection) {
                if (!_entityIDs) { return; }

                var presets = _mainPresetIndex.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());

                selection.html('');

                var messagewrap = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'header fillL');

                var message = messagewrap
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(_t('inspector.choose'));

                messagewrap
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-choose')
                    .on('click', function() { dispatch$1.call('cancel', this); })
                    .call(svgIcon((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'));

                function initialKeydown() {
                    // hack to let delete shortcut work when search is autofocused
                    if (search.property('value').length === 0 &&
                        (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌫'] ||
                         event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['⌦'])) {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        operationDelete(context, _entityIDs)();

                    // hack to let undo work when search is autofocused
                    } else if (search.property('value').length === 0 &&
                        (event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey) &&
                        event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes.z) {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        context.undo();
                    } else if (!event.ctrlKey && !event.metaKey) {
                        // don't check for delete/undo hack on future keydown events
                        select(this).on('keydown', keydown);
                        keydown.call(this);
                    }
                }

                function keydown() {
                    // down arrow
                    if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↓'] &&
                        // if insertion point is at the end of the string
                        search.node().selectionStart === search.property('value').length) {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        // move focus to the first item in the preset list
                        var buttons = list.selectAll('.preset-list-button');
                        if (!buttons.empty()) { buttons.nodes()[0].focus(); }
                    }
                }

                function keypress() {
                    // enter
                    var value = search.property('value');
                    if (event.keyCode === 13 && value.length) {
                        list.selectAll('.preset-list-item:first-child')
                            .each(function(d) { d.choose.call(this); });
                    }
                }

                function inputevent() {
                    var value = search.property('value');
                    list.classed('filtered', value.length);
                    var extent = combinedEntityExtent();
                    var results, messageText;
                    if (value.length && extent) {
                        var center = extent.center();
                        var countryCode = iso1A2Code(center);

                        results = presets.search(value, entityGeometries()[0], countryCode && countryCode.toLowerCase());
                        messageText = _t('inspector.results', {
                            n: results.collection.length,
                            search: value
                        });
                    } else {
                        results = _mainPresetIndex.defaults(entityGeometries()[0], 36, !context.inIntro());
                        messageText = _t('inspector.choose');
                    }
                    list.call(drawList, results);
                    message.text(messageText);
                }

                var searchWrap = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'search-header');

                var search = searchWrap
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-search-input')
                    .attr('placeholder', _t('inspector.search'))
                    .attr('type', 'search')
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .on('keydown', initialKeydown)
                    .on('keypress', keypress)
                    .on('input', inputevent);

                searchWrap
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-search', 'pre-text'));

                if (_autofocus) {
                    search.node().focus();
                }

                var listWrap = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'inspector-body');

                var list = listWrap
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-list')
                    .call(drawList, _mainPresetIndex.defaults(entityGeometries()[0], 36, !context.inIntro()));

                context.features().on('change.preset-list', updateForFeatureHiddenState);
            }


            function drawList(list, presets) {
                presets = presets.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
                var collection = presets.collection.reduce(function(collection, preset) {
                    if (!preset) { return collection; }

                    if (preset.members) {
                        if (preset.members.collection.filter(function(preset) {
                            return preset.addable();
                        }).length > 1) {
                            collection.push(CategoryItem(preset));
                        }
                    } else if (preset.addable()) {
                        collection.push(PresetItem(preset));
                    }
                    return collection;
                }, []);

                var items = list.selectAll('.preset-list-item')
                    .data(collection, function(d) { return d.preset.id; });

                items.order();

                items.exit()
                    .remove();

                items.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', function(item) { return 'preset-list-item preset-' + item.preset.id.replace('/', '-'); })
                    .classed('current', function(item) { return _currentPresets.indexOf(item.preset) !== -1; })
                    .each(function(item) { select(this).call(item); })
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .transition()
                    .style('opacity', 1);

                updateForFeatureHiddenState();
            }

            function itemKeydown(){
                // the actively focused item
                var item = select(this.closest('.preset-list-item'));
                var parentItem = select(item.node().parentNode.closest('.preset-list-item'));

                // arrow down, move focus to the next, lower item
                if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↓']) {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    event.stopPropagation();
                    // the next item in the list at the same level
                    var nextItem = select(item.node().nextElementSibling);
                    // if there is no next item in this list
                    if (nextItem.empty()) {
                        // if there is a parent item
                        if (!parentItem.empty()) {
                            // the item is the last item of a sublist,
                            // select the next item at the parent level
                            nextItem = select(parentItem.node().nextElementSibling);
                        }
                    // if the focused item is expanded
                    } else if (select(this).classed('expanded')) {
                        // select the first subitem instead
                        nextItem = item.select('.subgrid .preset-list-item:first-child');
                    }
                    if (!nextItem.empty()) {
                        // focus on the next item
                        nextItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
                    }

                // arrow up, move focus to the previous, higher item
                } else if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes['↑']) {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    event.stopPropagation();
                    // the previous item in the list at the same level
                    var previousItem = select(item.node().previousElementSibling);

                    // if there is no previous item in this list
                    if (previousItem.empty()) {
                        // if there is a parent item
                        if (!parentItem.empty()) {
                            // the item is the first subitem of a sublist select the parent item
                            previousItem = parentItem;
                        }
                    // if the previous item is expanded
                    } else if (previousItem.select('.preset-list-button').classed('expanded')) {
                        // select the last subitem of the sublist of the previous item
                        previousItem = previousItem.select('.subgrid .preset-list-item:last-child');
                    }

                    if (!previousItem.empty()) {
                        // focus on the previous item
                        previousItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
                    } else {
                        // the focus is at the top of the list, move focus back to the search field
                        var search = select(this.closest('.preset-list-pane')).select('.preset-search-input');
                        search.node().focus();
                    }

                // arrow left, move focus to the parent item if there is one
                } else if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '→' : '←']) {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    event.stopPropagation();
                    // if there is a parent item, focus on the parent item
                    if (!parentItem.empty()) {
                        parentItem.select('.preset-list-button').node().focus();
                    }

                // arrow right, choose this item
                } else if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '←' : '→']) {
                    event.preventDefault();
                    event.stopPropagation();
                    item.datum().choose.call(select(this).node());
                }
            }


            function CategoryItem(preset) {
                var box, sublist, shown = false;

                function item(selection) {
                    var wrap = selection.append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap category');

                    function click() {
                        var isExpanded = select(this).classed('expanded');
                        var iconName = isExpanded ?
                            (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward') : '#iD-icon-down';
                        select(this)
                            .classed('expanded', !isExpanded);
                        select(this).selectAll('div.label-inner svg.icon use')
                            .attr('href', iconName);
                        item.choose();
                    }

                    var geometries = entityGeometries();

                    var button = wrap
                        .append('button')
                        .attr('class', 'preset-list-button')
                        .classed('expanded', false)
                        .call(uiPresetIcon()
                            .geometry(geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0])
                            .preset(preset))
                        .on('click', click)
                        .on('keydown', function() {
                            // right arrow, expand the focused item
                            if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '←' : '→']) {
                                event.preventDefault();
                                event.stopPropagation();
                                // if the item isn't expanded
                                if (!select(this).classed('expanded')) {
                                    // toggle expansion (expand the item)
                                    click.call(this);
                                }
                            // left arrow, collapse the focused item
                            } else if (event.keyCode === utilKeybinding.keyCodes[(_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? '→' : '←']) {
                                event.preventDefault();
                                event.stopPropagation();
                                // if the item is expanded
                                if (select(this).classed('expanded')) {
                                    // toggle expansion (collapse the item)
                                    click.call(this);
                                }
                            } else {
                                itemKeydown.call(this);
                            }
                        });

                    var label = button
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'label')
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'label-inner');

                    label
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'namepart')
                        .call(svgIcon((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'), 'inline'))
                        .append('span')
                        .html(function() { return preset.name() + '&hellip;'; });

                    box = selection.append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'subgrid')
                        .style('max-height', '0px')
                        .style('opacity', 0);

                    box.append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'arrow');

                    sublist = box.append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'preset-list fillL3');
                }


                item.choose = function() {
                    if (!box || !sublist) { return; }

                    if (shown) {
                        shown = false;
                        box.transition()
                            .duration(200)
                            .style('opacity', '0')
                            .style('max-height', '0px')
                            .style('padding-bottom', '0px');
                    } else {
                        shown = true;
                        var members = preset.members.matchAllGeometry(entityGeometries());
                        sublist.call(drawList, members);
                        box.transition()
                            .duration(200)
                            .style('opacity', '1')
                            .style('max-height', 200 + members.collection.length * 190 + 'px')
                            .style('padding-bottom', '10px');
                    }
                };

                item.preset = preset;
                return item;
            }


            function PresetItem(preset) {
                function item(selection) {
                    var wrap = selection.append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'preset-list-button-wrap');

                    var geometries = entityGeometries();

                    var button = wrap.append('button')
                        .attr('class', 'preset-list-button')
                        .call(uiPresetIcon()
                            .geometry(geometries.length === 1 && geometries[0])
                            .preset(preset))
                        .on('click', item.choose)
                        .on('keydown', itemKeydown);

                    var label = button
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'label')
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'label-inner');

                    // NOTE: split/join on en-dash, not a hyphen (to avoid conflict with fr - nl names in Brussels etc)
                    label.selectAll('.namepart')
                        .data(preset.name().split(' – '))
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'namepart')
                        .text(function(d) { return d; });

                    wrap.call(item.reference.button);
                    selection.call(item.reference.body);
                }

                item.choose = function() {
                    if (select(this).classed('disabled')) { return; }
                    if (!context.inIntro()) {
                        _mainPresetIndex.setMostRecent(preset, entityGeometries()[0]);
                    }
                    context.perform(
                        function(graph) {
                            for (var i in _entityIDs) {
                                var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
                                var oldPreset = _mainPresetIndex.match(graph.entity(entityID), graph);
                                graph = actionChangePreset(entityID, oldPreset, preset)(graph);
                            }
                            return graph;
                        },
                        _t('operations.change_tags.annotation')
                    );

                    context.validator().validate();  // rerun validation
                    dispatch$1.call('choose', this, preset);
                };

                item.help = function() {
                    event.stopPropagation();
                    item.reference.toggle();
                };

                item.preset = preset;
                item.reference = uiTagReference(preset.reference());

                return item;
            }


            function updateForFeatureHiddenState() {
                if (!_entityIDs.every(context.hasEntity)) { return; }

                var geometries = entityGeometries();
                var button = context.container().selectAll('.preset-list .preset-list-button');

                // remove existing tooltips
                button.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);

                button.each(function(item, index) {
                    var hiddenPresetFeaturesId;
                    for (var i in geometries) {
                        hiddenPresetFeaturesId = context.features().isHiddenPreset(item.preset, geometries[i]);
                        if (hiddenPresetFeaturesId) { break; }
                    }
                    var isHiddenPreset = !context.inIntro() &&
                        !!hiddenPresetFeaturesId &&
                        (_currentPresets.length !== 1 || item.preset !== _currentPresets[0]);

                    select(this)
                        .classed('disabled', isHiddenPreset);

                    if (isHiddenPreset) {
                        var isAutoHidden = context.features().autoHidden(hiddenPresetFeaturesId);
                        var tooltipIdSuffix = isAutoHidden ? 'zoom' : 'manual';
                        var tooltipObj = { features: _t('feature.' + hiddenPresetFeaturesId + '.description') };
                        select(this).call(uiTooltip()
                            .title(_t('inspector.hidden_preset.' + tooltipIdSuffix, tooltipObj))
                            .placement(index < 2 ? 'bottom' : 'top')
                        );
                    }
                });
            }

            presetList.autofocus = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _autofocus; }
                _autofocus = val;
                return presetList;
            };

            presetList.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                if (_entityIDs && _entityIDs.length) {
                    var presets = _entityIDs.map(function(entityID) {
                        return _mainPresetIndex.match(context.entity(entityID), context.graph());
                    });
                    presetList.presets(presets);
                }
                return presetList;
            };

            presetList.presets = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _currentPresets; }
                _currentPresets = val;
                return presetList;
            };

            function entityGeometries() {

                var counts = {};

                for (var i in _entityIDs) {
                    var entityID = _entityIDs[i];
                    var entity = context.entity(entityID);
                    var geometry = entity.geometry(context.graph());

                    // Treat entities on addr:interpolation lines as points, not vertices (#3241)
                    if (geometry === 'vertex' && entity.isOnAddressLine(context.graph())) {
                        geometry = 'point';
                    }

                    if (!counts[geometry]) { counts[geometry] = 0; }
                    counts[geometry] += 1;
                }

                return Object.keys(counts).sort(function(geom1, geom2) {
                    return counts[geom2] - counts[geom1];
                });
            }

            function combinedEntityExtent() {
                return _entityIDs.reduce(function(extent, entityID) {
                    var entity = context.graph().entity(entityID);
                    return extent.extend(entity.extent(context.graph()));
                }, geoExtent());
            }

            return utilRebind(presetList, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiInspector(context) {
            var presetList = uiPresetList(context);
            var entityEditor = uiEntityEditor(context);
            var wrap = select(null),
                presetPane = select(null),
                editorPane = select(null);
            var _state = 'select';
            var _entityIDs;
            var _newFeature = false;


            function inspector(selection) {
                presetList
                    .entityIDs(_entityIDs)
                    .autofocus(_newFeature)
                    .on('choose', inspector.setPreset)
                    .on('cancel', function() {
                        wrap.transition()
                            .styleTween('right', function() { return interpolate('-100%', '0%'); });
                        editorPane.call(entityEditor);
                    });

                entityEditor
                    .state(_state)
                    .entityIDs(_entityIDs)
                    .on('choose', inspector.showList);

                wrap = selection.selectAll('.panewrap')
                    .data([0]);

                var enter = wrap.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'panewrap');

                enter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'preset-list-pane pane');

                enter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'entity-editor-pane pane');

                wrap = wrap.merge(enter);
                presetPane = wrap.selectAll('.preset-list-pane');
                editorPane = wrap.selectAll('.entity-editor-pane');

                function shouldDefaultToPresetList() {
                    // always show the inspector on hover
                    if (_state !== 'select') { return false; }

                    // can only change preset on single selection
                    if (_entityIDs.length !== 1) { return false; }

                    var entityID = _entityIDs[0];
                    var entity = context.hasEntity(entityID);
                    if (!entity) { return false; }

                    // default to inspector if there are already tags
                    if (entity.hasNonGeometryTags()) { return false; }

                    // prompt to select preset if feature is new and untagged
                    if (_newFeature) { return true; }

                    // all existing features except vertices should default to inspector
                    if (entity.geometry(context.graph()) !== 'vertex') { return false; }

                    // show vertex relations if any
                    if (context.graph().parentRelations(entity).length) { return false; }

                    // show vertex issues if there are any
                    if (context.validator().getEntityIssues(entityID).length) { return false; }

                    // show turn retriction editor for junction vertices
                    if (entity.isHighwayIntersection(context.graph())) { return false; }

                    // otherwise show preset list for uninteresting vertices
                    return true;
                }

                if (shouldDefaultToPresetList()) {
                    wrap.style('right', '-100%');
                    presetPane.call(presetList);
                } else {
                    wrap.style('right', '0%');
                    editorPane.call(entityEditor);
                }

                var footer = selection.selectAll('.footer')
                    .data([0]);

                footer = footer.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'footer')
                    .merge(footer);

                footer
                    .call(uiViewOnOSM(context)
                        .what(context.hasEntity(_entityIDs.length === 1 && _entityIDs[0]))
                    );
            }

            inspector.showList = function(presets) {

                wrap.transition()
                    .styleTween('right', function() { return interpolate('0%', '-100%'); });

                if (presets) {
                    presetList.presets(presets);
                }

                presetPane
                    .call(presetList.autofocus(true));
            };

            inspector.setPreset = function(preset) {

                // upon setting multipolygon, go to the area preset list instead of the editor
                if (preset.id === 'type/multipolygon') {
                    presetPane
                        .call(presetList.autofocus(true));

                } else {
                    wrap.transition()
                        .styleTween('right', function() { return interpolate('-100%', '0%'); });

                    editorPane
                        .call(entityEditor.presets([preset]));
                }

            };

            inspector.state = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _state; }
                _state = val;
                entityEditor.state(_state);

                // remove any old field help overlay that might have gotten attached to the inspector
                context.container().selectAll('.field-help-body').remove();

                return inspector;
            };


            inspector.entityIDs = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _entityIDs; }
                _entityIDs = val;
                return inspector;
            };


            inspector.newFeature = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _newFeature; }
                _newFeature = val;
                return inspector;
            };


            return inspector;
        }

        function uiSidebar(context) {
            var inspector = uiInspector(context);
            var dataEditor = uiDataEditor(context);
            var noteEditor = uiNoteEditor(context);
            var improveOsmEditor = uiImproveOsmEditor(context);
            var keepRightEditor = uiKeepRightEditor(context);
            var osmoseEditor = uiOsmoseEditor(context);
            var _current;
            var _wasData = false;
            var _wasNote = false;
            var _wasQaItem = false;

            // use pointer events on supported platforms; fallback to mouse events
            var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';


            function sidebar(selection) {
                var container = context.container();
                var minWidth = 240;
                var sidebarWidth;
                var containerWidth;
                var dragOffset;

                // Set the initial width constraints
                selection
                    .style('min-width', minWidth + 'px')
                    .style('max-width', '400px')
                    .style('width', '33.3333%');

                var resizer = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'sidebar-resizer')
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.sidebar-resizer', pointerdown);

                var downPointerId, lastClientX, containerLocGetter;

                function pointerdown() {
                    if (downPointerId) { return; }

                    if ('button' in event && event.button !== 0) { return; }

                    downPointerId = event.pointerId || 'mouse';

                    lastClientX = event.clientX;

                    containerLocGetter = utilFastMouse(container.node());

                    // offset from edge of sidebar-resizer
                    dragOffset = utilFastMouse(resizer.node())(event)[0] - 1;

                    sidebarWidth = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
                    containerWidth = container.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
                    var widthPct = (sidebarWidth / containerWidth) * 100;
                    selection
                        .style('width', widthPct + '%')    // lock in current width
                        .style('max-width', '85%');        // but allow larger widths

                    resizer.classed('dragging', true);

                    select(window)
                        .on('touchmove.sidebar-resizer', function() {
                            // disable page scrolling while resizing on touch input
                            event.preventDefault();
                        }, { passive: false })
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.sidebar-resizer', pointermove)
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.sidebar-resizer pointercancel.sidebar-resizer', pointerup);
                }

                function pointermove() {

                    if (downPointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) { return; }

                    event.preventDefault();

                    var dx = event.clientX - lastClientX;

                    lastClientX = event.clientX;

                    var isRTL = (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl');
                    var scaleX = isRTL ? 0 : 1;
                    var xMarginProperty = isRTL ? 'margin-right' : 'margin-left';

                    var x = containerLocGetter(event)[0] - dragOffset;
                    sidebarWidth = isRTL ? containerWidth - x : x;

                    var isCollapsed = selection.classed('collapsed');
                    var shouldCollapse = sidebarWidth < minWidth;

                    selection.classed('collapsed', shouldCollapse);

                    if (shouldCollapse) {
                        if (!isCollapsed) {
                            selection
                                .style(xMarginProperty, '-400px')
                                .style('width', '400px');

                            context.ui().onResize([(sidebarWidth - dx) * scaleX, 0]);
                        }

                    } else {
                        var widthPct = (sidebarWidth / containerWidth) * 100;
                        selection
                            .style(xMarginProperty, null)
                            .style('width', widthPct + '%');

                        if (isCollapsed) {
                            context.ui().onResize([-sidebarWidth * scaleX, 0]);
                        } else {
                            context.ui().onResize([-dx * scaleX, 0]);
                        }
                    }
                }

                function pointerup() {
                    if (downPointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) { return; }

                    downPointerId = null;

                    resizer.classed('dragging', false);

                    select(window)
                        .on('touchmove.sidebar-resizer', null)
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.sidebar-resizer', null)
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.sidebar-resizer pointercancel.sidebar-resizer', null);
                }

                var featureListWrap = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'feature-list-pane')
                    .call(uiFeatureList(context));

                var inspectorWrap = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'inspector-hidden inspector-wrap');

                var hoverModeSelect = function(targets) {
                    context.container().selectAll('.feature-list-item').classed('hover', false);

                    if (context.selectedIDs().length > 1 &&
                        targets && targets.length) {

                        var elements = context.container().selectAll('.feature-list-item')
                            .filter(function (node) {
                                return targets.indexOf(node) !== -1;
                            });

                        if (!elements.empty()) {
                            elements.classed('hover', true);
                        }
                    }
                };

                sidebar.hoverModeSelect = throttle(hoverModeSelect, 200);

                function hover(targets) {
                    var datum = targets && targets.length && targets[0];
                    if (datum && datum.__featurehash__) {   // hovering on data
                        _wasData = true;
                        sidebar
                            .show(dataEditor.datum(datum));

                        selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component')
                            .classed('inspector-hover', true);

                    } else if (datum instanceof osmNote) {
                        if (context.mode().id === 'drag-note') { return; }
                        _wasNote = true;

                        var osm = services.osm;
                        if (osm) {
                            datum = osm.getNote(datum.id);   // marker may contain stale data - get latest
                        }

                        sidebar
                            .show(noteEditor.note(datum));

                        selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component')
                            .classed('inspector-hover', true);

                    } else if (datum instanceof QAItem) {
                        _wasQaItem = true;

                        var errService = services[datum.service];
                        if (errService) {
                            // marker may contain stale data - get latest
                            datum = errService.getError(datum.id);
                        }

                        // Currently only three possible services
                        var errEditor;
                        if (datum.service === 'keepRight') {
                            errEditor = keepRightEditor;
                        } else if (datum.service === 'osmose') {
                            errEditor = osmoseEditor;
                        } else {
                            errEditor = improveOsmEditor;
                        }

                        context.container().selectAll('.qaItem.' + datum.service)
                            .classed('hover', function(d) { return d.id === datum.id; });

                        sidebar
                            .show(errEditor.error(datum));

                        selection.selectAll('.sidebar-component')
                            .classed('inspector-hover', true);

                    } else if (!_current && (datum instanceof osmEntity)) {
                        featureListWrap
                            .classed('inspector-hidden', true);

                        inspectorWrap
                            .classed('inspector-hidden', false)
                            .classed('inspector-hover', true);

                        if (!inspector.entityIDs() || !utilArrayIdentical(inspector.entityIDs(), [datum.id]) || inspector.state() !== 'hover') {
                            inspector
                                .state('hover')
                                .entityIDs([datum.id])
                                .newFeature(false);

                            inspectorWrap
                                .call(inspector);
                        }

                    } else if (!_current) {
                        featureListWrap
                            .classed('inspector-hidden', false);
                        inspectorWrap
                            .classed('inspector-hidden', true);
                        inspector
                            .state('hide');

                    } else if (_wasData || _wasNote || _wasQaItem) {
                        _wasNote = false;
                        _wasData = false;
                        _wasQaItem = false;
                        context.container().selectAll('.note').classed('hover', false);
                        context.container().selectAll('.qaItem').classed('hover', false);
                        sidebar.hide();
                    }
                }

                sidebar.hover = throttle(hover, 200);


                sidebar.intersects = function(extent) {
                    var rect = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect();
                    return extent.intersects([
                        context.projection.invert([0, rect.height]),
                        context.projection.invert([rect.width, 0])
                    ]);
                };


                sidebar.select = function(ids, newFeature) {
                    sidebar.hide();

                    if (ids && ids.length) {

                        var entity = ids.length === 1 && context.entity(ids[0]);
                        if (entity && newFeature && selection.classed('collapsed')) {
                            // uncollapse the sidebar
                            var extent = entity.extent(context.graph());
                            sidebar.expand(sidebar.intersects(extent));
                        }

                        featureListWrap
                            .classed('inspector-hidden', true);

                        inspectorWrap
                            .classed('inspector-hidden', false)
                            .classed('inspector-hover', false);

                        // reload the UI even if the ids are the same since the entities
                        // themselves may have changed
                        inspector
                            .state('select')
                            .entityIDs(ids)
                            .newFeature(newFeature);

                        inspectorWrap
                            .call(inspector);

                    } else {
                        inspector
                            .state('hide');
                    }
                };


                sidebar.showPresetList = function() {
                    inspector.showList();
                };


                sidebar.show = function(component, element) {
                    featureListWrap
                        .classed('inspector-hidden', true);
                    inspectorWrap
                        .classed('inspector-hidden', true);

                    if (_current) { _current.remove(); }
                    _current = selection
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'sidebar-component')
                        .call(component, element);
                };


                sidebar.hide = function() {
                    featureListWrap
                        .classed('inspector-hidden', false);
                    inspectorWrap
                        .classed('inspector-hidden', true);

                    if (_current) { _current.remove(); }
                    _current = null;
                };


                sidebar.expand = function(moveMap) {
                    if (selection.classed('collapsed')) {
                        sidebar.toggle(moveMap);
                    }
                };


                sidebar.collapse = function(moveMap) {
                    if (!selection.classed('collapsed')) {
                        sidebar.toggle(moveMap);
                    }
                };


                sidebar.toggle = function(moveMap) {
                    var e = event;
                    if (e && e.sourceEvent) {
                        e.sourceEvent.preventDefault();
                    } else if (e) {
                        e.preventDefault();
                    }

                    // Don't allow sidebar to toggle when the user is in the walkthrough.
                    if (context.inIntro()) { return; }

                    var isCollapsed = selection.classed('collapsed');
                    var isCollapsing = !isCollapsed;
                    var isRTL = (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl');
                    var scaleX = isRTL ? 0 : 1;
                    var xMarginProperty = isRTL ? 'margin-right' : 'margin-left';

                    sidebarWidth = selection.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;

                    // switch from % to px
                    selection.style('width', sidebarWidth + 'px');

                    var startMargin, endMargin, lastMargin;
                    if (isCollapsing) {
                        startMargin = lastMargin = 0;
                        endMargin = -sidebarWidth;
                    } else {
                        startMargin = lastMargin = -sidebarWidth;
                        endMargin = 0;
                    }

                    selection.transition()
                        .style(xMarginProperty, endMargin + 'px')
                        .tween('panner', function() {
                            var i = d3_interpolateNumber(startMargin, endMargin);
                            return function(t) {
                                var dx = lastMargin - Math.round(i(t));
                                lastMargin = lastMargin - dx;
                                context.ui().onResize(moveMap ? undefined : [dx * scaleX, 0]);
                            };
                        })
                        .on('end', function() {
                            selection.classed('collapsed', isCollapsing);

                            // switch back from px to %
                            if (!isCollapsing) {
                                var containerWidth = container.node().getBoundingClientRect().width;
                                var widthPct = (sidebarWidth / containerWidth) * 100;
                                selection
                                    .style(xMarginProperty, null)
                                    .style('width', widthPct + '%');
                            }
                        });
                };

                // toggle the sidebar collapse when double-clicking the resizer
                resizer.on('dblclick', sidebar.toggle);

                // ensure hover sidebar is closed when zooming out beyond editable zoom
                context.map().on('crossEditableZoom.sidebar', function(within) {
                    if (!within && !selection.select('.inspector-hover').empty()) {
                        hover([]);
                    }
                });
            }

            sidebar.showPresetList = function() {};
            sidebar.hover = function() {};
            sidebar.hover.cancel = function() {};
            sidebar.intersects = function() {};
            sidebar.select = function() {};
            sidebar.show = function() {};
            sidebar.hide = function() {};
            sidebar.expand = function() {};
            sidebar.collapse = function() {};
            sidebar.toggle = function() {};

            return sidebar;
        }

        function uiSourceSwitch(context) {
            var keys;


            function click() {
                event.preventDefault();

                var osm = context.connection();
                if (!osm) { return; }

                if (context.inIntro()) { return; }

                if (context.history().hasChanges() &&
                    !window.confirm(_t('source_switch.lose_changes'))) { return; }

                var isLive = select(this)
                    .classed('live');

                isLive = !isLive;
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                context.history().clearSaved();          // remove saved history
                context.flush();                         // remove stored data

                select(this)
                    .text(isLive ? _t('source_switch.live') : _t('source_switch.dev'))
                    .classed('live', isLive)
                    .classed('chip', isLive);

                osm.switch(isLive ? keys[0] : keys[1]);  // switch connection (warning: dispatches 'change' event)
            }

            var sourceSwitch = function(selection) {
                selection
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .text(_t('source_switch.live'))
                    .attr('class', 'live chip')
                    .on('click', click);
            };


            sourceSwitch.keys = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return keys; }
                keys = _;
                return sourceSwitch;
            };


            return sourceSwitch;
        }

        function uiSpinner(context) {
            var osm = context.connection();


            return function(selection) {
                var img = selection
                    .append('img')
                    .attr('src', context.imagePath('loader-black.gif'))
                    .style('opacity', 0);

                if (osm) {
                    osm
                        .on('loading.spinner', function() {
                            img.transition()
                                .style('opacity', 1);
                        })
                        .on('loaded.spinner', function() {
                            img.transition()
                                .style('opacity', 0);
                        });
                }
            };
        }

        function uiSplash(context) {
          return function (selection) {
            // Exception - if there are restorable changes, skip this splash screen.
            // This is because we currently only support one `uiModal` at a time
            //  and we need to show them `uiRestore`` instead of this one.
            if (context.history().hasRestorableChanges()) { return; }

            // If user has not seen this version of the privacy policy, show the splash again.
            var updateMessage = '';
            var sawPrivacyVersion = corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion');
            var showSplash = !corePreferences('sawSplash');
            if (sawPrivacyVersion !== context.privacyVersion) {
              updateMessage = _t('splash.privacy_update');
              showSplash = true;
            }

            if (!showSplash) { return; }

            corePreferences('sawSplash', true);
            corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion', context.privacyVersion);

            // fetch intro graph data now, while user is looking at the splash screen
            _mainFileFetcher.get('intro_graph');

            var modalSelection = uiModal(selection);

            modalSelection.select('.modal')
              .attr('class', 'modal-splash modal');

            var introModal = modalSelection.select('.content')
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'fillL');

            introModal
              .append('div')
              .attr('class','modal-section')
              .append('h3')
              .text(_t('splash.welcome'));

            var modalSection = introModal
              .append('div')
              .attr('class','modal-section');

            modalSection
              .append('p')
              .html(_t('splash.text', {
                version: context.version,
                website: '<a target="_blank" href="http://ideditor.blog/">ideditor.blog</a>',
                github: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD">github.com</a>'
              }));

            modalSection
              .append('p')
              .html(_t('splash.privacy', {
                updateMessage: updateMessage,
                privacyLink: '<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/PRIVACY.md">' +
                  _t('splash.privacy_policy') + '</a>'
              }));

            var buttonWrap = introModal
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'modal-actions');

            var walkthrough = buttonWrap
              .append('button')
              .attr('class', 'walkthrough')
              .on('click', function () {
                context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
                modalSelection.close();
              });

            walkthrough
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'logo logo-walkthrough')
              .append('use')
              .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');

            walkthrough
              .append('div')
              .text(_t('splash.walkthrough'));

            var startEditing = buttonWrap
              .append('button')
              .attr('class', 'start-editing')
              .on('click', modalSelection.close);

            startEditing
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'logo logo-features')
              .append('use')
              .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-features');

            startEditing
              .append('div')
              .text(_t('splash.start'));

            modalSelection.select('button.close')
              .attr('class','hide');
          };
        }

        function uiStatus(context) {
            var osm = context.connection();


            return function(selection) {
                if (!osm) { return; }

                function update(err, apiStatus) {
                    selection.html('');

                    if (err) {
                        if (apiStatus === 'connectionSwitched') {
                            // if the connection was just switched, we can't rely on
                            // the status (we're getting the status of the previous api)
                            return;

                        } else if (apiStatus === 'rateLimited') {
                            selection
                                .text(_t('osm_api_status.message.rateLimit'))
                                .append('a')
                                .attr('class', 'api-status-login')
                                .attr('target', '_blank')
                                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
                                .append('span')
                                .text(_t('login'))
                                .on('click.login', function() {
                                    event.preventDefault();
                                    osm.authenticate();
                                });
                        } else {

                            // don't allow retrying too rapidly
                            var throttledRetry = throttle(function() {
                                // try loading the visible tiles
                                context.loadTiles(context.projection);
                                // manually reload the status too in case all visible tiles were already loaded
                                osm.reloadApiStatus();
                            }, 2000);

                            // eslint-disable-next-line no-warning-comments
                            // TODO: nice messages for different error types
                            selection
                                .text(_t('osm_api_status.message.error') + ' ')
                                .append('a')
                                // let the user manually retry their connection directly
                                .text(_t('osm_api_status.retry'))
                                .on('click.retry', function() {
                                    event.preventDefault();
                                    throttledRetry();
                                });
                        }

                    } else if (apiStatus === 'readonly') {
                        selection.text(_t('osm_api_status.message.readonly'));
                    } else if (apiStatus === 'offline') {
                        selection.text(_t('osm_api_status.message.offline'));
                    }

                    selection.attr('class', 'api-status ' + (err ? 'error' : apiStatus));
                }

                osm.on('apiStatusChange.uiStatus', update);

                // reload the status periodically regardless of other factors
                window.setInterval(function() {
                    osm.reloadApiStatus();
                }, 90000);

                // load the initial status in case no OSM data was loaded yet
                osm.reloadApiStatus();
            };
        }

        function modeDrawArea(context, wayID, startGraph, button) {
            var mode = {
                button: button,
                id: 'draw-area'
            };

            var behavior = behaviorDrawWay(context, wayID, mode, startGraph)
                .on('rejectedSelfIntersection.modeDrawArea', function() {
                    context.ui().flash
                        .text(_t('self_intersection.error.areas'))();
                });

            mode.wayID = wayID;

            mode.enter = function() {
                context.install(behavior);
            };

            mode.exit = function() {
                context.uninstall(behavior);
            };

            mode.selectedIDs = function() {
                return [wayID];
            };

            mode.activeID = function() {
                return (behavior && behavior.activeID()) || [];
            };

            return mode;
        }

        function modeAddArea(context, mode) {
            mode.id = 'add-area';

            var behavior = behaviorAddWay(context)
                .on('start', start)
                .on('startFromWay', startFromWay)
                .on('startFromNode', startFromNode);

            var defaultTags = { area: 'yes' };
            if (mode.preset) { defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'area'); }


            function actionClose(wayId) {
                return function (graph) {
                    return graph.replace(graph.entity(wayId).close());
                };
            }


            function start(loc) {
                var startGraph = context.graph();
                var node = osmNode({ loc: loc });
                var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });

                context.perform(
                    actionAddEntity(node),
                    actionAddEntity(way),
                    actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id),
                    actionClose(way.id)
                );

                context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
            }


            function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
                var startGraph = context.graph();
                var node = osmNode({ loc: loc });
                var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });

                context.perform(
                    actionAddEntity(node),
                    actionAddEntity(way),
                    actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id),
                    actionClose(way.id),
                    actionAddMidpoint({ loc: loc, edge: edge }, node)
                );

                context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
            }


            function startFromNode(node) {
                var startGraph = context.graph();
                var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });

                context.perform(
                    actionAddEntity(way),
                    actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id),
                    actionClose(way.id)
                );

                context.enter(modeDrawArea(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
            }


            mode.enter = function() {
                context.install(behavior);
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                context.uninstall(behavior);
            };


            return mode;
        }

        function modeAddLine(context, mode) {
            mode.id = 'add-line';

            var behavior = behaviorAddWay(context)
                .on('start', start)
                .on('startFromWay', startFromWay)
                .on('startFromNode', startFromNode);

            var defaultTags = {};
            if (mode.preset) { defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'line'); }


            function start(loc) {
                var startGraph = context.graph();
                var node = osmNode({ loc: loc });
                var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });

                context.perform(
                    actionAddEntity(node),
                    actionAddEntity(way),
                    actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id)
                );

                context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
            }


            function startFromWay(loc, edge) {
                var startGraph = context.graph();
                var node = osmNode({ loc: loc });
                var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });

                context.perform(
                    actionAddEntity(node),
                    actionAddEntity(way),
                    actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id),
                    actionAddMidpoint({ loc: loc, edge: edge }, node)
                );

                context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
            }


            function startFromNode(node) {
                var startGraph = context.graph();
                var way = osmWay({ tags: defaultTags });

                context.perform(
                    actionAddEntity(way),
                    actionAddVertex(way.id, node.id)
                );

                context.enter(modeDrawLine(context, way.id, startGraph, mode.button));
            }


            mode.enter = function() {
                context.install(behavior);
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                context.uninstall(behavior);
            };

            return mode;
        }

        function modeAddPoint(context, mode) {

            mode.id = 'add-point';

            var behavior = behaviorDraw(context)
                .on('click', add)
                .on('clickWay', addWay)
                .on('clickNode', addNode)
                .on('cancel', cancel)
                .on('finish', cancel);

            var defaultTags = {};
            if (mode.preset) { defaultTags = mode.preset.setTags(defaultTags, 'point'); }


            function add(loc) {
                var node = osmNode({ loc: loc, tags: defaultTags });

                context.perform(
                    actionAddEntity(node),
                    _t('operations.add.annotation.point')
                );

                enterSelectMode(node);
            }


            function addWay(loc, edge) {
                var node = osmNode({ tags: defaultTags });

                context.perform(
                    actionAddMidpoint({loc: loc, edge: edge}, node),
                    _t('operations.add.annotation.vertex')
                );

                enterSelectMode(node);
            }

            function enterSelectMode(node) {
                context.enter(
                    modeSelect(context, [node.id]).newFeature(true)
                );
            }


            function addNode(node) {
                if (Object.keys(defaultTags).length === 0) {
                    enterSelectMode(node);
                    return;
                }

                var tags = Object.assign({}, node.tags);  // shallow copy
                for (var key in defaultTags) {
                    tags[key] = defaultTags[key];
                }

                context.perform(
                    actionChangeTags(node.id, tags),
                    _t('operations.add.annotation.point')
                );

                enterSelectMode(node);
            }


            function cancel() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }


            mode.enter = function() {
                context.install(behavior);
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                context.uninstall(behavior);
            };


            return mode;
        }

        function modeAddNote(context) {
            var mode = {
                id: 'add-note',
                button: 'note',
                title: _t('modes.add_note.title'),
                description: _t('modes.add_note.description'),
                key: _t('modes.add_note.key')
            };

            var behavior = behaviorDraw(context)
                .on('click', add)
                .on('cancel', cancel)
                .on('finish', cancel);


            function add(loc) {
                var osm = services.osm;
                if (!osm) { return; }

                var note = osmNote({ loc: loc, status: 'open', comments: [] });
                osm.replaceNote(note);

                // force a reraw (there is no history change that would otherwise do this)
                context.map().pan([0,0]);

                context
                    .selectedNoteID(note.id)
                    .enter(modeSelectNote(context, note.id).newFeature(true));
            }


            function cancel() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }


            mode.enter = function() {
                context.install(behavior);
            };


            mode.exit = function() {
                context.uninstall(behavior);
            };


            return mode;
        }

        function uiConflicts(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel', 'save');
            var keybinding = utilKeybinding('conflicts');
            var _origChanges;
            var _conflictList;
            var _shownConflictIndex;


            function keybindingOn() {
                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding.on('⎋', cancel, true));
            }

            function keybindingOff() {
                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding.unbind);
            }

            function tryAgain() {
                keybindingOff();
                dispatch$1.call('save');
            }

            function cancel() {
                keybindingOff();
                dispatch$1.call('cancel');
            }


            function conflicts(selection) {
                keybindingOn();

                var headerEnter = selection.selectAll('.header')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'header fillL');

                headerEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'fr')
                    .on('click', cancel)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

                headerEnter
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(_t('save.conflict.header'));

                var bodyEnter = selection.selectAll('.body')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'body fillL');

                var conflictsHelpEnter = bodyEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'conflicts-help')
                    .text(_t('save.conflict.help'));


                // Download changes link
                var detected = utilDetect();
                var changeset = new osmChangeset();

                delete changeset.id;  // Export without changeset_id

                var data = JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(_origChanges));
                var blob = new Blob([data], { type: 'text/xml;charset=utf-8;' });
                var fileName = 'changes.osc';

                var linkEnter = conflictsHelpEnter.selectAll('.download-changes')
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'download-changes');

                if (detected.download) {      // All except IE11 and Edge
                    linkEnter                 // download the data as a file
                        .attr('href', window.URL.createObjectURL(blob))
                        .attr('download', fileName);

                } else {                      // IE11 and Edge
                    linkEnter                 // open data uri in a new tab
                        .attr('target', '_blank')
                        .on('click.download', function() {
                            navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
                        });
                }

                linkEnter
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load', 'inline'))
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('save.conflict.download_changes'));


                bodyEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'conflict-container fillL3')
                    .call(showConflict, 0);

                bodyEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'conflicts-done')
                    .attr('opacity', 0)
                    .style('display', 'none')
                    .text(_t('save.conflict.done'));

                var buttonsEnter = bodyEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class','buttons col12 joined conflicts-buttons');

                buttonsEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('disabled', _conflictList.length > 1)
                    .attr('class', 'action conflicts-button col6')
                    .text(_t('save.title'))
                    .on('click.try_again', tryAgain);

                buttonsEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'secondary-action conflicts-button col6')
                    .text(_t('confirm.cancel'))
                    .on('click.cancel', cancel);
            }


            function showConflict(selection, index) {
                index = utilWrap(index, _conflictList.length);
                _shownConflictIndex = index;

                var parent = select(selection.node().parentNode);

                // enable save button if this is the last conflict being reviewed..
                if (index === _conflictList.length - 1) {
                    window.setTimeout(function() {
                        parent.select('.conflicts-button')
                            .attr('disabled', null);

                        parent.select('.conflicts-done')
                            .transition()
                            .attr('opacity', 1)
                            .style('display', 'block');
                    }, 250);
                }

                var conflict = selection
                    .selectAll('.conflict')
                    .data([_conflictList[index]]);

                conflict.exit()
                    .remove();

                var conflictEnter = conflict.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'conflict');

                conflictEnter
                    .append('h4')
                    .attr('class', 'conflict-count')
                    .text(_t('save.conflict.count', { num: index + 1, total: _conflictList.length }));

                conflictEnter
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'conflict-description')
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .text(function(d) { return d.name; })
                    .on('click', function(d) {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        zoomToEntity(d.id);
                    });

                var details = conflictEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'conflict-detail-container');

                details
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'conflict-detail-list')
                    .selectAll('li')
                    .data(function(d) { return d.details || []; })
                    .enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'conflict-detail-item')
                    .html(function(d) { return d; });

                details
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'conflict-choices')
                    .call(addChoices);

                details
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'conflict-nav-buttons joined cf')
                    .selectAll('button')
                    .data(['previous', 'next'])
                    .enter()
                    .append('button')
                    .text(function(d) { return _t('save.conflict.' + d); })
                    .attr('class', 'conflict-nav-button action col6')
                    .attr('disabled', function(d, i) {
                        return (i === 0 && index === 0) ||
                            (i === 1 && index === _conflictList.length - 1) || null;
                    })
                    .on('click', function(d, i) {
                        event.preventDefault();

                        var container = parent.selectAll('.conflict-container');
                        var sign = (i === 0 ? -1 : 1);

                        container
                            .selectAll('.conflict')
                            .remove();

                        container
                            .call(showConflict, index + sign);
                    });

            }


            function addChoices(selection) {
                var choices = selection
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list')
                    .selectAll('li')
                    .data(function(d) { return d.choices || []; });

                // enter
                var choicesEnter = choices.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'layer');

                var labelEnter = choicesEnter
                    .append('label');

                labelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'radio')
                    .attr('name', function(d) { return d.id; })
                    .on('change', function(d, i) {
                        var ul = this.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode;
                        ul.__data__.chosen = i;
                        choose(ul, d);
                    });

                labelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) { return d.text; });

                // update
                choicesEnter
                    .merge(choices)
                    .each(function(d, i) {
                        var ul = this.parentNode;
                        if (ul.__data__.chosen === i) {
                            choose(ul, d);
                        }
                    });
            }


            function choose(ul, datum) {
                if (event) { event.preventDefault(); }

                select(ul)
                    .selectAll('li')
                    .classed('active', function(d) { return d === datum; })
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', function(d) { return d === datum; });

                var extent = geoExtent();
                var entity;

                entity = context.graph().hasEntity(datum.id);
                if (entity) { extent._extend(entity.extent(context.graph())); }

                datum.action();

                entity = context.graph().hasEntity(datum.id);
                if (entity) { extent._extend(entity.extent(context.graph())); }

                zoomToEntity(datum.id, extent);
            }


            function zoomToEntity(id, extent) {
                context.surface().selectAll('.hover')
                    .classed('hover', false);

                var entity = context.graph().hasEntity(id);
                if (entity) {
                    if (extent) {
                        context.map().trimmedExtent(extent);
                    } else {
                        context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
                    }
                    context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph()))
                        .classed('hover', true);
                }
            }


            // The conflict list should be an array of objects like:
            // {
            //     id: id,
            //     name: entityName(local),
            //     details: merge.conflicts(),
            //     chosen: 1,
            //     choices: [
            //         choice(id, keepMine, forceLocal),
            //         choice(id, keepTheirs, forceRemote)
            //     ]
            // }
            conflicts.conflictList = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _conflictList; }
                _conflictList = _;
                return conflicts;
            };


            conflicts.origChanges = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _origChanges; }
                _origChanges = _;
                return conflicts;
            };


            conflicts.shownEntityIds = function() {
                if (_conflictList && typeof _shownConflictIndex === 'number') {
                    return [_conflictList[_shownConflictIndex].id];
                }
                return [];
            };


            return utilRebind(conflicts, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiConfirm(selection) {
            var modalSelection = uiModal(selection);

            modalSelection.select('.modal')
                .classed('modal-alert', true);

            var section = modalSelection.select('.content');

            section.append('div')
                .attr('class', 'modal-section header');

            section.append('div')
                .attr('class', 'modal-section message-text');

            var buttons = section.append('div')
                .attr('class', 'modal-section buttons cf');


            modalSelection.okButton = function() {
                buttons
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'button ok-button action')
                    .on('click.confirm', function() {
                        modalSelection.remove();
                    })
                    .text(_t('confirm.okay'))
                    .node()
                    .focus();

                return modalSelection;
            };


            return modalSelection;
        }

        function uiChangesetEditor(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');
            var formFields = uiFormFields(context);
            var commentCombo = uiCombobox(context, 'comment').caseSensitive(true);
            var _fieldsArr;
            var _tags;
            var _changesetID;


            function changesetEditor(selection) {
                render(selection);
            }


            function render(selection) {
                var initial = false;

                if (!_fieldsArr) {
                    initial = true;
                    var presets = _mainPresetIndex;

                    _fieldsArr = [
                        uiField(context, presets.field('comment'), null, { show: true, revert: false }),
                        uiField(context, presets.field('source'), null, { show: false, revert: false }),
                        uiField(context, presets.field('hashtags'), null, { show: false, revert: false }) ];

                    _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
                        field
                            .on('change', function(t, onInput) {
                                dispatch$1.call('change', field, undefined, t, onInput);
                            });
                    });
                }

                _fieldsArr.forEach(function(field) {
                    field
                        .tags(_tags);
                });


                selection
                    .call(formFields.fieldsArr(_fieldsArr));


                if (initial) {
                    var commentField = selection.select('.form-field-comment textarea');
                    var commentNode = commentField.node();

                    if (commentNode) {
                        commentNode.focus();
                        commentNode.select();
                    }

                    // trigger a 'blur' event so that comment field can be cleaned
                    // and checked for hashtags, even if retrieved from localstorage
                    utilTriggerEvent(commentField, 'blur');

                    var osm = context.connection();
                    if (osm) {
                        osm.userChangesets(function (err, changesets) {
                            if (err) { return; }

                            var comments = changesets.map(function(changeset) {
                                var comment = changeset.tags.comment;
                                return comment ? { title: comment, value: comment } : null;
                            }).filter(Boolean);

                            commentField
                                .call(commentCombo
                                    .data(utilArrayUniqBy(comments, 'title'))
                                );
                        });
                    }
                }

                // Add warning if comment mentions Google
                var hasGoogle = _tags.comment.match(/google/i);
                var commentWarning = selection.select('.form-field-comment').selectAll('.comment-warning')
                    .data(hasGoogle ? [0] : []);

                commentWarning.exit()
                    .transition()
                    .duration(200)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .remove();

                var commentEnter = commentWarning.enter()
                    .insert('div', '.tag-reference-body')
                    .attr('class', 'field-warning comment-warning')
                    .style('opacity', 0);

                commentEnter
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'inline'))
                    .attr('href', _t('commit.google_warning_link'))
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('commit.google_warning'));

                commentEnter
                    .transition()
                    .duration(200)
                    .style('opacity', 1);
            }


            changesetEditor.tags = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _tags; }
                _tags = _;
                // Don't reset _fieldsArr here.
                return changesetEditor;
            };


            changesetEditor.changesetID = function(_) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _changesetID; }
                if (_changesetID === _) { return changesetEditor; }
                _changesetID = _;
                _fieldsArr = null;
                return changesetEditor;
            };


            return utilRebind(changesetEditor, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiSectionChanges(context) {
            var detected = utilDetect();

            var _discardTags = {};
            _mainFileFetcher.get('discarded')
                .then(function(d) { _discardTags = d; })
                .catch(function() { /* ignore */ });

            var section = uiSection('changes-list', context)
                .title(function() {
                    var history = context.history();
                    var summary = history.difference().summary();
                    return _t('commit.changes', { count: summary.length });
                })
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
                var history = context.history();
                var summary = history.difference().summary();

                var container = selection.selectAll('.commit-section')
                    .data([0]);

                var containerEnter = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'commit-section');

                containerEnter
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'changeset-list');

                container = containerEnter
                    .merge(container);


                var items = container.select('ul').selectAll('li')
                    .data(summary);

                var itemsEnter = items.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'change-item');

                itemsEnter
                    .each(function(d) {
                        select(this)
                            .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.entity.geometry(d.graph), 'pre-text ' + d.changeType));
                    });

                itemsEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'change-type')
                    .text(function(d) { return _t('commit.' + d.changeType) + ' '; });

                itemsEnter
                    .append('strong')
                    .attr('class', 'entity-type')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        var matched = _mainPresetIndex.match(d.entity, d.graph);
                        return (matched && matched.name()) || utilDisplayType(d.entity.id);
                    });

                itemsEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'entity-name')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        var name = utilDisplayName(d.entity) || '',
                            string = '';
                        if (name !== '') {
                            string += ':';
                        }
                        return string += ' ' + name;
                    });

                itemsEnter
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .transition()
                    .style('opacity', 1);

                items = itemsEnter
                    .merge(items);

                items
                    .on('mouseover', mouseover)
                    .on('mouseout', mouseout)
                    .on('click', click);


                // Download changeset link
                var changeset = new osmChangeset().update({ id: undefined });
                var changes = history.changes(actionDiscardTags(history.difference(), _discardTags));

                delete changeset.id;  // Export without chnageset_id

                var data = JXON.stringify(changeset.osmChangeJXON(changes));
                var blob = new Blob([data], {type: 'text/xml;charset=utf-8;'});
                var fileName = 'changes.osc';

                var linkEnter = container.selectAll('.download-changes')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'download-changes');

                if (detected.download) {      // All except IE11 and Edge
                    linkEnter                 // download the data as a file
                        .attr('href', window.URL.createObjectURL(blob))
                        .attr('download', fileName);

                } else {                      // IE11 and Edge
                    linkEnter                 // open data uri in a new tab
                        .attr('target', '_blank')
                        .on('click.download', function() {
                            navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
                        });
                }

                linkEnter
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-load', 'inline'))
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('commit.download_changes'));


                function mouseover(d) {
                    if (d.entity) {
                        context.surface().selectAll(
                            utilEntityOrMemberSelector([d.entity.id], context.graph())
                        ).classed('hover', true);
                    }
                }


                function mouseout() {
                    context.surface().selectAll('.hover')
                        .classed('hover', false);
                }


                function click(change) {
                    if (change.changeType !== 'deleted') {
                        var entity = change.entity;
                        context.map().zoomToEase(entity);
                        context.surface().selectAll(utilEntityOrMemberSelector([entity.id], context.graph()))
                            .classed('hover', true);
                    }
                }
            }

            return section;
        }

        function uiCommitWarnings(context) {

            function commitWarnings(selection) {
                var issuesBySeverity = context.validator()
                    .getIssuesBySeverity({ what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: true });

                for (var severity in issuesBySeverity) {
                    var issues = issuesBySeverity[severity];
                    var section = severity + '-section';
                    var issueItem = severity + '-item';

                    var container = selection.selectAll('.' + section)
                        .data(issues.length ? [0] : []);

                    container.exit()
                        .remove();

                    var containerEnter = container.enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'modal-section ' + section + ' fillL2');

                    containerEnter
                        .append('h3')
                        .text(severity === 'warning' ? _t('commit.warnings') : _t('commit.errors'));

                    containerEnter
                        .append('ul')
                        .attr('class', 'changeset-list');

                    container = containerEnter
                        .merge(container);


                    var items = container.select('ul').selectAll('li')
                        .data(issues, function(d) { return d.id; });

                    items.exit()
                        .remove();

                    var itemsEnter = items.enter()
                        .append('li')
                        .attr('class', issueItem);

                    itemsEnter
                        .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-alert', 'pre-text'));

                    itemsEnter
                        .append('strong')
                        .attr('class', 'issue-message');

                    itemsEnter.filter(function(d) { return d.tooltip; })
                        .call(uiTooltip()
                            .title(function(d) { return d.tooltip; })
                            .placement('top')
                        );

                    items = itemsEnter
                        .merge(items);

                    items.selectAll('.issue-message')
                        .text(function(d) {
                            return d.message(context);
                        });

                    items
                        .on('mouseover', function(d) {
                            if (d.entityIds) {
                                context.surface().selectAll(
                                    utilEntityOrMemberSelector(
                                        d.entityIds,
                                        context.graph()
                                    )
                                ).classed('hover', true);
                            }
                        })
                        .on('mouseout', function() {
                            context.surface().selectAll('.hover')
                                .classed('hover', false);
                        })
                        .on('click', function(d) {
                            context.validator().focusIssue(d);
                        });
                }
            }


            return commitWarnings;
        }

        var readOnlyTags = [
            /^changesets_count$/,
            /^created_by$/,
            /^ideditor:/,
            /^imagery_used$/,
            /^host$/,
            /^locale$/,
            /^warnings:/,
            /^resolved:/,
            /^closed:note$/,
            /^closed:keepright$/,
            /^closed:improveosm:/,
            /^closed:osmose:/
        ];

        // treat most punctuation (except -, _, +, &) as hashtag delimiters - #4398
        // from https://stackoverflow.com/a/25575009
        var hashtagRegex = /(#[^\u2000-\u206F\u2E00-\u2E7F\s\\'!"#$%()*,.\/:;<=>?@\[\]^`{|}~]+)/g;


        function uiCommit(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel');
            var _userDetails;
            var _selection;

            var changesetEditor = uiChangesetEditor(context)
                .on('change', changeTags);
            var rawTagEditor = uiSectionRawTagEditor('changeset-tag-editor', context)
                .on('change', changeTags)
                .readOnlyTags(readOnlyTags);
            var commitChanges = uiSectionChanges(context);
            var commitWarnings = uiCommitWarnings(context);


            function commit(selection) {
                _selection = selection;

                // Initialize changeset if one does not exist yet.
                if (!context.changeset) { initChangeset(); }

                loadDerivedChangesetTags();

                selection.call(render);
            }

            function initChangeset() {

                // expire stored comment, hashtags, source after cutoff datetime - #3947 #4899
                var commentDate = +corePreferences('commentDate') || 0;
                var currDate = Date.now();
                var cutoff = 2 * 86400 * 1000;   // 2 days
                if (commentDate > currDate || currDate - commentDate > cutoff) {
                    corePreferences('comment', null);
                    corePreferences('hashtags', null);
                    corePreferences('source', null);
                }

                // load in explicitly-set values, if any
                if (context.defaultChangesetComment()) {
                    corePreferences('comment', context.defaultChangesetComment());
                    corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
                }
                if (context.defaultChangesetSource()) {
                    corePreferences('source', context.defaultChangesetSource());
                    corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
                }
                if (context.defaultChangesetHashtags()) {
                    corePreferences('hashtags', context.defaultChangesetHashtags());
                    corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
                }

                var detected = utilDetect();
                var tags = {
                    comment: corePreferences('comment') || '',
                    created_by: context.cleanTagValue('iD ' + context.version),
                    host: context.cleanTagValue(detected.host),
                    locale: context.cleanTagValue(_mainLocalizer.localeCode())
                };

                // call findHashtags initially - this will remove stored
                // hashtags if any hashtags are found in the comment - #4304
                findHashtags(tags, true);

                var hashtags = corePreferences('hashtags');
                if (hashtags) {
                    tags.hashtags = hashtags;
                }

                var source = corePreferences('source');
                if (source) {
                    tags.source = source;
                }
                var photoOverlaysUsed = context.history().photoOverlaysUsed();
                if (photoOverlaysUsed.length) {
                    var sources = (tags.source || '').split(';');

                    // include this tag for any photo layer
                    if (sources.indexOf('streetlevel imagery') === -1) {
                        sources.push('streetlevel imagery');
                    }

                    // add the photo overlays used during editing as sources
                    photoOverlaysUsed.forEach(function(photoOverlay) {
                        if (sources.indexOf(photoOverlay) === -1) {
                            sources.push(photoOverlay);
                        }
                    });

                    tags.source = context.cleanTagValue(sources.join(';'));
                }

                context.changeset = new osmChangeset({ tags: tags });
            }

            // Calculates read-only metadata tags based on the user's editing session and applies
            // them to the changeset.
            function loadDerivedChangesetTags() {

                var osm = context.connection();
                if (!osm) { return; }

                var tags = Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags);   // shallow copy

                // assign tags for imagery used
                var imageryUsed = context.cleanTagValue(context.history().imageryUsed().join(';'));
                tags.imagery_used = imageryUsed || 'None';

                // assign tags for closed issues and notes
                var osmClosed = osm.getClosedIDs();
                var itemType;
                if (osmClosed.length) {
                    tags['closed:note'] = context.cleanTagValue(osmClosed.join(';'));
                }
                if (services.keepRight) {
                    var krClosed = services.keepRight.getClosedIDs();
                    if (krClosed.length) {
                        tags['closed:keepright'] = context.cleanTagValue(krClosed.join(';'));
                    }
                }
                if (services.improveOSM) {
                    var iOsmClosed = services.improveOSM.getClosedCounts();
                    for (itemType in iOsmClosed) {
                        tags['closed:improveosm:' + itemType] = context.cleanTagValue(iOsmClosed[itemType].toString());
                    }
                }
                if (services.osmose) {
                    var osmoseClosed = services.osmose.getClosedCounts();
                    for (itemType in osmoseClosed) {
                        tags['closed:osmose:' + itemType] = context.cleanTagValue(osmoseClosed[itemType].toString());
                    }
                }

                // remove existing issue counts
                for (var key in tags) {
                    if (key.match(/(^warnings:)|(^resolved:)/)) {
                        delete tags[key];
                    }
                }

                function addIssueCounts(issues, prefix) {
                    var issuesByType = utilArrayGroupBy(issues, 'type');
                    for (var issueType in issuesByType) {
                        var issuesOfType = issuesByType[issueType];
                        if (issuesOfType[0].subtype) {
                            var issuesBySubtype = utilArrayGroupBy(issuesOfType, 'subtype');
                            for (var issueSubtype in issuesBySubtype) {
                                var issuesOfSubtype = issuesBySubtype[issueSubtype];
                                tags[prefix + ':' + issueType + ':' + issueSubtype] = context.cleanTagValue(issuesOfSubtype.length.toString());
                            }
                        } else {
                            tags[prefix + ':' + issueType] = context.cleanTagValue(issuesOfType.length.toString());
                        }
                    }
                }

                // add counts of warnings generated by the user's edits
                var warnings = context.validator()
                    .getIssuesBySeverity({ what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeIgnored: true, includeDisabledRules: true }).warning;
                addIssueCounts(warnings, 'warnings');

                // add counts of issues resolved by the user's edits
                var resolvedIssues = context.validator().getResolvedIssues();
                addIssueCounts(resolvedIssues, 'resolved');

                context.changeset = context.changeset.update({ tags: tags });
            }

            function render(selection) {

                var osm = context.connection();
                if (!osm) { return; }

                var header = selection.selectAll('.header')
                    .data([0]);

                var headerTitle = header.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'header fillL header-container');

                headerTitle
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'header-block header-block-outer');

                headerTitle
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'header-block')
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(_t('commit.title'));

                headerTitle
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'header-block header-block-outer header-block-close')
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'close')
                    .on('click', function() {
                        dispatch$1.call('cancel', this);
                    })
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

                var body = selection.selectAll('.body')
                    .data([0]);

                body = body.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'body')
                    .merge(body);


                // Changeset Section
                var changesetSection = body.selectAll('.changeset-editor')
                    .data([0]);

                changesetSection = changesetSection.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'modal-section changeset-editor')
                    .merge(changesetSection);

                changesetSection
                    .call(changesetEditor
                        .changesetID(context.changeset.id)
                        .tags(context.changeset.tags)
                    );


                // Warnings
                body.call(commitWarnings);


                // Upload Explanation
                var saveSection = body.selectAll('.save-section')
                    .data([0]);

                saveSection = saveSection.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class','modal-section save-section fillL')
                    .merge(saveSection);

                var prose = saveSection.selectAll('.commit-info')
                    .data([0]);

                if (prose.enter().size()) {   // first time, make sure to update user details in prose
                    _userDetails = null;
                }

                prose = prose.enter()
                    .append('p')
                    .attr('class', 'commit-info')
                    .text(_t('commit.upload_explanation'))
                    .merge(prose);

                // always check if this has changed, but only update prose.html()
                // if needed, because it can trigger a style recalculation
                osm.userDetails(function(err, user) {
                    if (err) { return; }

                    if (_userDetails === user) { return; }  // no change
                    _userDetails = user;

                    var userLink = select(document.createElement('div'));

                    if (user.image_url) {
                        userLink
                            .append('img')
                            .attr('src', user.image_url)
                            .attr('class', 'icon pre-text user-icon');
                    }

                    userLink
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('class', 'user-info')
                        .text(user.display_name)
                        .attr('href', osm.userURL(user.display_name))
                        .attr('target', '_blank');

                    prose
                        .html(_t('commit.upload_explanation_with_user', { user: userLink.html() }));
                });


                // Request Review
                var requestReview = saveSection.selectAll('.request-review')
                    .data([0]);

                // Enter
                var requestReviewEnter = requestReview.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'request-review');

                var requestReviewDomId = utilUniqueDomId('commit-input-request-review');

                var labelEnter = requestReviewEnter
                    .append('label')
                    .attr('for', requestReviewDomId);

                labelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .attr('id', requestReviewDomId);

                labelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('commit.request_review'));

                // Update
                requestReview = requestReview
                    .merge(requestReviewEnter);

                var requestReviewInput = requestReview.selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', isReviewRequested(context.changeset.tags))
                    .on('change', toggleRequestReview);


                // Buttons
                var buttonSection = saveSection.selectAll('.buttons')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter
                var buttonEnter = buttonSection.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'buttons fillL');

                buttonEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'secondary-action button cancel-button')
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'label')
                    .text(_t('commit.cancel'));

                var uploadButton = buttonEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'action button save-button');

                uploadButton.append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'label')
                    .text(_t('commit.save'));

                var uploadBlockerTooltipText = getUploadBlockerMessage();

                // update
                buttonSection = buttonSection
                    .merge(buttonEnter);

                buttonSection.selectAll('.cancel-button')
                    .on('click.cancel', function() {
                        dispatch$1.call('cancel', this);
                    });

                buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button')
                    .classed('disabled', uploadBlockerTooltipText !== null)
                    .on('click.save', function() {
                        if (!select(this).classed('disabled')) {
                            this.blur();    // avoid keeping focus on the button - #4641
                            context.uploader().save(context.changeset);
                        }
                    });

                // remove any existing tooltip
                uiTooltip().destroyAny(buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button'));

                if (uploadBlockerTooltipText) {
                    buttonSection.selectAll('.save-button')
                        .call(uiTooltip().title(uploadBlockerTooltipText).placement('top'));
                }

                // Raw Tag Editor
                var tagSection = body.selectAll('.tag-section.raw-tag-editor')
                    .data([0]);

                tagSection = tagSection.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'modal-section tag-section raw-tag-editor')
                    .merge(tagSection);

                tagSection
                    .call(rawTagEditor
                        .tags(Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags))   // shallow copy
                        .render
                    );

                var changesSection = body.selectAll('.commit-changes-section')
                    .data([0]);

                changesSection = changesSection.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'modal-section commit-changes-section')
                    .merge(changesSection);

                // Change summary
                changesSection.call(commitChanges.render);


                function toggleRequestReview() {
                    var rr = requestReviewInput.property('checked');
                    updateChangeset({ review_requested: (rr ? 'yes' : undefined) });

                    tagSection
                        .call(rawTagEditor
                            .tags(Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags))   // shallow copy
                            .render
                        );
                }
            }


            function getUploadBlockerMessage() {
                var errors = context.validator()
                    .getIssuesBySeverity({ what: 'edited', where: 'all' }).error;

                if (errors.length) {
                    return _t('commit.outstanding_errors_message', { count: errors.length });

                } else {
                    var hasChangesetComment = context.changeset && context.changeset.tags.comment && context.changeset.tags.comment.trim().length;
                    if (!hasChangesetComment) {
                        return _t('commit.comment_needed_message');
                    }
                }
                return null;
            }


            function changeTags(_, changed, onInput) {
                if (changed.hasOwnProperty('comment')) {
                    if (changed.comment === undefined) {
                        changed.comment = '';
                    }
                    if (!onInput) {
                        corePreferences('comment', changed.comment);
                        corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
                    }
                }
                if (changed.hasOwnProperty('source')) {
                    if (changed.source === undefined) {
                        corePreferences('source', null);
                    } else if (!onInput) {
                        corePreferences('source', changed.source);
                        corePreferences('commentDate', Date.now());
                    }
                }
                // no need to update `prefs` for `hashtags` here since it's done in `updateChangeset`

                updateChangeset(changed, onInput);

                if (_selection) {
                    _selection.call(render);
                }
            }


            function findHashtags(tags, commentOnly) {
                var detectedHashtags = commentHashtags();

                if (detectedHashtags.length) {
                    // always remove stored hashtags if there are hashtags in the comment - #4304
                    corePreferences('hashtags', null);
                }
                if (!detectedHashtags.length || !commentOnly) {
                    detectedHashtags = detectedHashtags.concat(hashtagHashtags());
                }

                var allLowerCase = new Set();
                return detectedHashtags.filter(function(hashtag) {
                    // Compare tags as lowercase strings, but keep original case tags
                    var lowerCase = hashtag.toLowerCase();
                    if (!allLowerCase.has(lowerCase)) {
                        allLowerCase.add(lowerCase);
                        return true;
                    }
                    return false;
                });

                // Extract hashtags from `comment`
                function commentHashtags() {
                    var matches = (tags.comment || '')
                        .replace(/http\S*/g, '')  // drop anything that looks like a URL - #4289
                        .match(hashtagRegex);

                    return matches || [];
                }

                // Extract and clean hashtags from `hashtags`
                function hashtagHashtags() {
                    var matches = (tags.hashtags || '')
                        .split(/[,;\s]+/)
                        .map(function (s) {
                            if (s[0] !== '#') { s = '#' + s; }    // prepend '#'
                            var matched = s.match(hashtagRegex);
                            return matched && matched[0];
                        }).filter(Boolean);                       // exclude falsy

                    return matches || [];
                }
            }


            function isReviewRequested(tags) {
                var rr = tags.review_requested;
                if (rr === undefined) { return false; }
                rr = rr.trim().toLowerCase();
                return !(rr === '' || rr === 'no');
            }


            function updateChangeset(changed, onInput) {
                var tags = Object.assign({}, context.changeset.tags);   // shallow copy

                Object.keys(changed).forEach(function(k) {
                    var v = changed[k];
                    k = context.cleanTagKey(k);
                    if (readOnlyTags.indexOf(k) !== -1) { return; }

                    if (k !== '' && v !== undefined) {
                        if (onInput) {
                            tags[k] = v;
                        } else {
                            tags[k] = context.cleanTagValue(v);
                        }
                    } else {
                        delete tags[k];
                    }
                });

                if (!onInput) {
                    // when changing the comment, override hashtags with any found in comment.
                    var commentOnly = changed.hasOwnProperty('comment') && (changed.comment !== '');
                    var arr = findHashtags(tags, commentOnly);
                    if (arr.length) {
                        tags.hashtags = context.cleanTagValue(arr.join(';'));
                        corePreferences('hashtags', tags.hashtags);
                    } else {
                        delete tags.hashtags;
                        corePreferences('hashtags', null);
                    }
                }

                // always update userdetails, just in case user reauthenticates as someone else
                if (_userDetails && _userDetails.changesets_count !== undefined) {
                    var changesetsCount = parseInt(_userDetails.changesets_count, 10) + 1;  // #4283
                    tags.changesets_count = String(changesetsCount);

                    // first 100 edits - new user
                    if (changesetsCount <= 100) {
                        var s;
                        s = corePreferences('walkthrough_completed');
                        if (s) {
                            tags['ideditor:walkthrough_completed'] = s;
                        }

                        s = corePreferences('walkthrough_progress');
                        if (s) {
                            tags['ideditor:walkthrough_progress'] = s;
                        }

                        s = corePreferences('walkthrough_started');
                        if (s) {
                            tags['ideditor:walkthrough_started'] = s;
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    delete tags.changesets_count;
                }

                if (!fastDeepEqual(context.changeset.tags, tags)) {
                    context.changeset = context.changeset.update({ tags: tags });
                }
            }


            commit.reset = function() {
                context.changeset = null;
            };


            return utilRebind(commit, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        var RADIUS = 6378137;
        var FLATTENING = 1/298.257223563;
        var POLAR_RADIUS$1 = 6356752.3142;

        var wgs84 = {
                RADIUS: RADIUS,
                FLATTENING: FLATTENING,
                POLAR_RADIUS: POLAR_RADIUS$1
        };

        var geometry_1 = geometry;
        var ring = ringArea;

        function geometry(_) {
            var area = 0, i;
            switch (_.type) {
                case 'Polygon':
                    return polygonArea(_.coordinates);
                case 'MultiPolygon':
                    for (i = 0; i < _.coordinates.length; i++) {
                        area += polygonArea(_.coordinates[i]);
                    }
                    return area;
                case 'Point':
                case 'MultiPoint':
                case 'LineString':
                case 'MultiLineString':
                    return 0;
                case 'GeometryCollection':
                    for (i = 0; i < _.geometries.length; i++) {
                        area += geometry(_.geometries[i]);
                    }
                    return area;
            }
        }

        function polygonArea(coords) {
            var area = 0;
            if (coords && coords.length > 0) {
                area += Math.abs(ringArea(coords[0]));
                for (var i = 1; i < coords.length; i++) {
                    area -= Math.abs(ringArea(coords[i]));
                }
            }
            return area;
        }

        /**
         * Calculate the approximate area of the polygon were it projected onto
         *     the earth.  Note that this area will be positive if ring is oriented
         *     clockwise, otherwise it will be negative.
         *
         * Reference:
         * Robert. G. Chamberlain and William H. Duquette, "Some Algorithms for
         *     Polygons on a Sphere", JPL Publication 07-03, Jet Propulsion
         *     Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, June 2007 http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/40409
         *
         * Returns:
         * {float} The approximate signed geodesic area of the polygon in square
         *     meters.
         */

        function ringArea(coords) {
            var p1, p2, p3, lowerIndex, middleIndex, upperIndex, i,
            area = 0,
            coordsLength = coords.length;

            if (coordsLength > 2) {
                for (i = 0; i < coordsLength; i++) {
                    if (i === coordsLength - 2) {// i = N-2
                        lowerIndex = coordsLength - 2;
                        middleIndex = coordsLength -1;
                        upperIndex = 0;
                    } else if (i === coordsLength - 1) {// i = N-1
                        lowerIndex = coordsLength - 1;
                        middleIndex = 0;
                        upperIndex = 1;
                    } else { // i = 0 to N-3
                        lowerIndex = i;
                        middleIndex = i+1;
                        upperIndex = i+2;
                    }
                    p1 = coords[lowerIndex];
                    p2 = coords[middleIndex];
                    p3 = coords[upperIndex];
                    area += ( rad(p3[0]) - rad(p1[0]) ) * Math.sin( rad(p2[1]));
                }

                area = area * wgs84.RADIUS * wgs84.RADIUS / 2;
            }

            return area;
        }

        function rad(_) {
            return _ * Math.PI / 180;
        }

        var geojsonArea = {
                geometry: geometry_1,
                ring: ring
        };

        function toRadians(angleInDegrees) {
          return (angleInDegrees * Math.PI) / 180;
        }

        function toDegrees(angleInRadians) {
          return (angleInRadians * 180) / Math.PI;
        }

        function offset(c1, distance, bearing) {
          var lat1 = toRadians(c1[1]);
          var lon1 = toRadians(c1[0]);
          var dByR = distance / 6378137; // distance divided by 6378137 (radius of the earth) wgs84
          var lat = Math.asin(
            Math.sin(lat1) * Math.cos(dByR) +
              Math.cos(lat1) * Math.sin(dByR) * Math.cos(bearing)
          );
          var lon =
            lon1 +
            Math.atan2(
              Math.sin(bearing) * Math.sin(dByR) * Math.cos(lat1),
              Math.cos(dByR) - Math.sin(lat1) * Math.sin(lat)
            );
          return [toDegrees(lon), toDegrees(lat)];
        }

        function validateCenter(center) {
          var validCenterLengths = [2, 3];
          if (!Array.isArray(center) || !validCenterLengths.includes(center.length)) {
            throw new Error("ERROR! Center has to be an array of length two or three");
          }
          var lng = center[0];
          var lat = center[1];
          if (typeof lng !== "number" || typeof lat !== "number") {
            throw new Error(
              ("ERROR! Longitude and Latitude has to be numbers but where " + (typeof lng) + " and " + (typeof lat))
            );
          }
          if (lng > 180 || lng < -180) {
            throw new Error(
              ("ERROR! Longitude has to be between -180 and 180 but was " + lng)
            );
          }

          if (lat > 90 || lat < -90) {
            throw new Error(
              ("ERROR! Latitude has to be between -90 and 90 but was " + lat)
            );
          }
        }

        function validateRadius(radius) {
          if (typeof radius !== "number") {
            throw new Error(
              ("ERROR! Radius has to be a positive number but was: " + (typeof radius))
            );
          }

          if (radius <= 0) {
            throw new Error(
              ("ERROR! Radius has to be a positive number but was: " + radius)
            );
          }
        }

        function validateNumberOfSegments(numberOfSegments) {
          if (typeof numberOfSegments !== "number" && numberOfSegments !== undefined) {
            throw new Error(
              ("ERROR! Number of segments has to be a number but was: " + (typeof numberOfSegments))
            );
          }

          if (numberOfSegments < 3) {
            throw new Error(
              ("ERROR! Number of segments has to be at least 3 but was: " + numberOfSegments)
            );
          }
        }

        function validateInput(ref) {
          var center = ref.center;
          var radius = ref.radius;
          var numberOfSegments = ref.numberOfSegments;

          validateCenter(center);
          validateRadius(radius);
          validateNumberOfSegments(numberOfSegments);
        }

        var circleToPolygon = function circleToPolygon(center, radius, numberOfSegments) {
          var n = numberOfSegments ? numberOfSegments : 32;

          // validateInput() throws error on invalid input and do nothing on valid input
          validateInput({ center: center, radius: radius, numberOfSegments: numberOfSegments });

          var coordinates = [];
          for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            coordinates.push(offset(center, radius, (2 * Math.PI * -i) / n));
          }
          coordinates.push(coordinates[0]);

          return {
            type: "Polygon",
            coordinates: [coordinates]
          };
        };

        var geojsonPrecision = createCommonjsModule(function (module) {
        (function() {

          function parse(t, coordinatePrecision, extrasPrecision) {

            function point(p) {
              return p.map(function(e, index) {
                if (index < 2) {
                    return 1 * e.toFixed(coordinatePrecision);
                } else {
                    return 1 * e.toFixed(extrasPrecision);
                }
              });
            }

            function multi(l) {
              return l.map(point);
            }

            function poly(p) {
              return p.map(multi);
            }

            function multiPoly(m) {
              return m.map(poly);
            }

            function geometry(obj) {
              if (!obj) {
                return {};
              }
              
              switch (obj.type) {
                case "Point":
                  obj.coordinates = point(obj.coordinates);
                  return obj;
                case "LineString":
                case "MultiPoint":
                  obj.coordinates = multi(obj.coordinates);
                  return obj;
                case "Polygon":
                case "MultiLineString":
                  obj.coordinates = poly(obj.coordinates);
                  return obj;
                case "MultiPolygon":
                  obj.coordinates = multiPoly(obj.coordinates);
                  return obj;
                case "GeometryCollection":
                  obj.geometries = obj.geometries.map(geometry);
                  return obj;
                default :
                  return {};
              }
            }

            function feature(obj) {
              obj.geometry = geometry(obj.geometry);
              return obj
            }

            function featureCollection(f) {
              f.features = f.features.map(feature);
              return f;
            }

            function geometryCollection(g) {
              g.geometries = g.geometries.map(geometry);
              return g;
            }

            if (!t) {
              return t;
            }

            switch (t.type) {
              case "Feature":
                return feature(t);
              case "GeometryCollection" :
                return geometryCollection(t);
              case "FeatureCollection" :
                return featureCollection(t);
              case "Point":
              case "LineString":
              case "Polygon":
              case "MultiPoint":
              case "MultiPolygon":
              case "MultiLineString":
                return geometry(t);
              default :
                return t;
            }
              
          }

          module.exports = parse;
          module.exports.parse = parse;

        }());
        });

        /* Polyfill service v3.13.0
         * For detailed credits and licence information see http://github.com/financial-times/polyfill-service
         *
         * - Array.prototype.fill, License: CC0 */

        if (!('fill' in Array.prototype)) {
          Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'fill', {
            configurable: true,
            value: function fill (value) {
              if (this === undefined || this === null) {
                throw new TypeError(this + ' is not an object')
              }

              var arrayLike = Object(this);

              var length = Math.max(Math.min(arrayLike.length, 9007199254740991), 0) || 0;

              var relativeStart = 1 in arguments ? parseInt(Number(arguments[1]), 10) || 0 : 0;

              relativeStart = relativeStart < 0 ? Math.max(length + relativeStart, 0) : Math.min(relativeStart, length);

              var relativeEnd = 2 in arguments && arguments[2] !== undefined ? parseInt(Number(arguments[2]), 10) || 0 : length;

              relativeEnd = relativeEnd < 0 ? Math.max(length + arguments[2], 0) : Math.min(relativeEnd, length);

              while (relativeStart < relativeEnd) {
                arrayLike[relativeStart] = value;

                ++relativeStart;
              }

              return arrayLike
            },
            writable: true
          });
        }

        /**
         * Polyfill for IE support
         */
        Number.isFinite = Number.isFinite || function (value) {
          return typeof value === 'number' && isFinite(value)
        };

        Number.isInteger = Number.isInteger || function (val) {
          return typeof val === 'number' &&
          isFinite(val) &&
          Math.floor(val) === val
        };

        Number.parseFloat = Number.parseFloat || parseFloat;

        Number.isNaN = Number.isNaN || function (value) {
          return value !== value // eslint-disable-line
        };

        /**
         * Polyfill for IE support
         */
        Math.trunc = Math.trunc || function (x) {
          return x < 0 ? Math.ceil(x) : Math.floor(x)
        };

        var NumberUtil = function NumberUtil () {};

        NumberUtil.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        NumberUtil.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return NumberUtil
        };
        NumberUtil.prototype.equalsWithTolerance = function equalsWithTolerance (x1, x2, tolerance) {
          return Math.abs(x1 - x2) <= tolerance
        };

        var IllegalArgumentException = (function (Error) {
                function IllegalArgumentException (message) {
                        Error.call(this, message);
                        this.name = 'IllegalArgumentException';
                        this.message = message;
                        this.stack = (new Error()).stack;
                }

                if ( Error ) { IllegalArgumentException.__proto__ = Error; }
                IllegalArgumentException.prototype = Object.create( Error && Error.prototype );
                IllegalArgumentException.prototype.constructor = IllegalArgumentException;

                return IllegalArgumentException;
        }(Error));

        var Double = function Double () {};

        var staticAccessors$1 = { MAX_VALUE: { configurable: true } };

        Double.isNaN = function isNaN (n) { return Number.isNaN(n) };
        Double.doubleToLongBits = function doubleToLongBits (n) { return n };
        Double.longBitsToDouble = function longBitsToDouble (n) { return n };
        Double.isInfinite = function isInfinite (n) { return !Number.isFinite(n) };
        staticAccessors$1.MAX_VALUE.get = function () { return Number.MAX_VALUE };

        Object.defineProperties( Double, staticAccessors$1 );

        var Comparable = function Comparable () {};

        var Clonable = function Clonable () {};

        var Comparator = function Comparator () {};

        function Serializable () {}

        // import Assert from '../util/Assert'

        var Coordinate = function Coordinate () {
          this.x = null;
          this.y = null;
          this.z = null;
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this.x = 0.0;
            this.y = 0.0;
            this.z = Coordinate.NULL_ORDINATE;
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var c = arguments[0];
            this.x = c.x;
            this.y = c.y;
            this.z = c.z;
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            this.x = arguments[0];
            this.y = arguments[1];
            this.z = Coordinate.NULL_ORDINATE;
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            this.x = arguments[0];
            this.y = arguments[1];
            this.z = arguments[2];
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors = { DimensionalComparator: { configurable: true },serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },NULL_ORDINATE: { configurable: true },X: { configurable: true },Y: { configurable: true },Z: { configurable: true } };
        Coordinate.prototype.setOrdinate = function setOrdinate (ordinateIndex, value) {
          switch (ordinateIndex) {
            case Coordinate.X:
              this.x = value;
              break
            case Coordinate.Y:
              this.y = value;
              break
            case Coordinate.Z:
              this.z = value;
              break
            default:
              throw new IllegalArgumentException('Invalid ordinate index: ' + ordinateIndex)
          }
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.equals2D = function equals2D () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var other = arguments[0];
            if (this.x !== other.x) {
              return false
            }
            if (this.y !== other.y) {
              return false
            }
            return true
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var c = arguments[0];
            var tolerance = arguments[1];
            if (!NumberUtil.equalsWithTolerance(this.x, c.x, tolerance)) {
              return false
            }
            if (!NumberUtil.equalsWithTolerance(this.y, c.y, tolerance)) {
              return false
            }
            return true
          }
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.getOrdinate = function getOrdinate (ordinateIndex) {
          switch (ordinateIndex) {
            case Coordinate.X:
              return this.x
            case Coordinate.Y:
              return this.y
            case Coordinate.Z:
              return this.z
          }
          throw new IllegalArgumentException('Invalid ordinate index: ' + ordinateIndex)
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.equals3D = function equals3D (other) {
          return this.x === other.x &&
                 this.y === other.y &&
                 ((this.z === other.z || Double.isNaN(this.z)) &&
                 Double.isNaN(other.z))
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.equals = function equals (other) {
          if (!(other instanceof Coordinate)) {
            return false
          }
          return this.equals2D(other)
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.equalInZ = function equalInZ (c, tolerance) {
          return NumberUtil.equalsWithTolerance(this.z, c.z, tolerance)
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
          var other = o;
          if (this.x < other.x) { return -1 }
          if (this.x > other.x) { return 1 }
          if (this.y < other.y) { return -1 }
          if (this.y > other.y) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.clone = function clone () {
          // try {
          // var coord = null
          // return coord
          // } catch (e) {
          // if (e instanceof CloneNotSupportedException) {
          //   Assert.shouldNeverReachHere("this shouldn't happen because this class is Cloneable")
          //   return null
          // } else throw e
          // } finally {}
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.copy = function copy () {
          return new Coordinate(this)
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return '(' + this.x + ', ' + this.y + ', ' + this.z + ')'
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.distance3D = function distance3D (c) {
          var dx = this.x - c.x;
          var dy = this.y - c.y;
          var dz = this.z - c.z;
          return Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz)
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.distance = function distance (c) {
          var dx = this.x - c.x;
          var dy = this.y - c.y;
          return Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy)
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.hashCode = function hashCode () {
          var result = 17;
          result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this.x);
          result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this.y);
          return result
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.setCoordinate = function setCoordinate (other) {
          this.x = other.x;
          this.y = other.y;
          this.z = other.z;
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable, Clonable, Serializable]
        };
        Coordinate.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Coordinate
        };
        Coordinate.hashCode = function hashCode () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var x = arguments[0];
            var f = Double.doubleToLongBits(x);
            return Math.trunc((f ^ f) >>> 32)
          }
        };
        staticAccessors.DimensionalComparator.get = function () { return DimensionalComparator };
        staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 6683108902428366910 };
        staticAccessors.NULL_ORDINATE.get = function () { return Double.NaN };
        staticAccessors.X.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors.Y.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors.Z.get = function () { return 2 };

        Object.defineProperties( Coordinate, staticAccessors );

        var DimensionalComparator = function DimensionalComparator (dimensionsToTest) {
          this._dimensionsToTest = 2;
          if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var dimensionsToTest$1 = arguments[0];
            if (dimensionsToTest$1 !== 2 && dimensionsToTest$1 !== 3) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('only 2 or 3 dimensions may be specified') }
            this._dimensionsToTest = dimensionsToTest$1;
          }
        };
        DimensionalComparator.prototype.compare = function compare (o1, o2) {
          var c1 = o1;
          var c2 = o2;
          var compX = DimensionalComparator.compare(c1.x, c2.x);
          if (compX !== 0) { return compX }
          var compY = DimensionalComparator.compare(c1.y, c2.y);
          if (compY !== 0) { return compY }
          if (this._dimensionsToTest <= 2) { return 0 }
          var compZ = DimensionalComparator.compare(c1.z, c2.z);
          return compZ
        };
        DimensionalComparator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparator]
        };
        DimensionalComparator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return DimensionalComparator
        };
        DimensionalComparator.compare = function compare (a, b) {
          if (a < b) { return -1 }
          if (a > b) { return 1 }
          if (Double.isNaN(a)) {
            if (Double.isNaN(b)) { return 0 }
            return -1
          }
          if (Double.isNaN(b)) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };

        // import hasInterface from '../../../../hasInterface'
        // import CoordinateSequence from './CoordinateSequence'

        var CoordinateSequenceFactory = function CoordinateSequenceFactory () {};

        CoordinateSequenceFactory.prototype.create = function create () {
          // if (arguments.length === 1) {
          // if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
          //   let coordinates = arguments[0]
          // } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
          //   let coordSeq = arguments[0]
          // }
          // } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
          // let size = arguments[0]
          // let dimension = arguments[1]
          // }
        };
        CoordinateSequenceFactory.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        CoordinateSequenceFactory.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CoordinateSequenceFactory
        };

        var Location = function Location () {};

        var staticAccessors$4 = { INTERIOR: { configurable: true },BOUNDARY: { configurable: true },EXTERIOR: { configurable: true },NONE: { configurable: true } };

        Location.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Location.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Location
        };
        Location.toLocationSymbol = function toLocationSymbol (locationValue) {
          switch (locationValue) {
            case Location.EXTERIOR:
              return 'e'
            case Location.BOUNDARY:
              return 'b'
            case Location.INTERIOR:
              return 'i'
            case Location.NONE:
              return '-'
          }
          throw new IllegalArgumentException('Unknown location value: ' + locationValue)
        };
        staticAccessors$4.INTERIOR.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors$4.BOUNDARY.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$4.EXTERIOR.get = function () { return 2 };
        staticAccessors$4.NONE.get = function () { return -1 };

        Object.defineProperties( Location, staticAccessors$4 );

        var hasInterface = function (o, i) {
          return o.interfaces_ && o.interfaces_().indexOf(i) > -1
        };

        var MathUtil = function MathUtil () {};

        var staticAccessors$5 = { LOG_10: { configurable: true } };

        MathUtil.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        MathUtil.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MathUtil
        };
        MathUtil.log10 = function log10 (x) {
          var ln = Math.log(x);
          if (Double.isInfinite(ln)) { return ln }
          if (Double.isNaN(ln)) { return ln }
          return ln / MathUtil.LOG_10
        };
        MathUtil.min = function min (v1, v2, v3, v4) {
          var min = v1;
          if (v2 < min) { min = v2; }
          if (v3 < min) { min = v3; }
          if (v4 < min) { min = v4; }
          return min
        };
        MathUtil.clamp = function clamp () {
          if (typeof arguments[2] === 'number' && (typeof arguments[0] === 'number' && typeof arguments[1] === 'number')) {
            var x = arguments[0];
            var min = arguments[1];
            var max = arguments[2];
            if (x < min) { return min }
            if (x > max) { return max }
            return x
          } else if (Number.isInteger(arguments[2]) && (Number.isInteger(arguments[0]) && Number.isInteger(arguments[1]))) {
            var x$1 = arguments[0];
            var min$1 = arguments[1];
            var max$1 = arguments[2];
            if (x$1 < min$1) { return min$1 }
            if (x$1 > max$1) { return max$1 }
            return x$1
          }
        };
        MathUtil.wrap = function wrap (index, max) {
          if (index < 0) {
            return max - -index % max
          }
          return index % max
        };
        MathUtil.max = function max () {
          if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var v1 = arguments[0];
            var v2 = arguments[1];
            var v3 = arguments[2];
            var max = v1;
            if (v2 > max) { max = v2; }
            if (v3 > max) { max = v3; }
            return max
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var v1$1 = arguments[0];
            var v2$1 = arguments[1];
            var v3$1 = arguments[2];
            var v4 = arguments[3];
            var max$1 = v1$1;
            if (v2$1 > max$1) { max$1 = v2$1; }
            if (v3$1 > max$1) { max$1 = v3$1; }
            if (v4 > max$1) { max$1 = v4; }
            return max$1
          }
        };
        MathUtil.average = function average (x1, x2) {
          return (x1 + x2) / 2.0
        };
        staticAccessors$5.LOG_10.get = function () { return Math.log(10) };

        Object.defineProperties( MathUtil, staticAccessors$5 );

        var StringBuffer = function StringBuffer (str) {
          this.str = str;
        };
        StringBuffer.prototype.append = function append (e) {
          this.str += e;
        };

        StringBuffer.prototype.setCharAt = function setCharAt (i, c) {
          this.str = this.str.substr(0, i) + c + this.str.substr(i + 1);
        };

        StringBuffer.prototype.toString = function toString (e) {
          return this.str
        };

        var Integer = function Integer (value) {
          this.value = value;
        };
        Integer.prototype.intValue = function intValue () {
          return this.value
        };
        Integer.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
          if (this.value < o) { return -1 }
          if (this.value > o) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };
        Integer.isNaN = function isNaN (n) { return Number.isNaN(n) };

        var Character = function Character () {};

        Character.isWhitespace = function isWhitespace (c) { return ((c <= 32 && c >= 0) || c === 127) };
        Character.toUpperCase = function toUpperCase (c) { return c.toUpperCase() };

        var DD = function DD () {
          this._hi = 0.0;
          this._lo = 0.0;
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this.init(0.0);
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
              var x = arguments[0];
              this.init(x);
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
              var dd = arguments[0];
              this.init(dd);
            } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'string') {
              var str = arguments[0];
              DD.call(this, DD.parse(str));
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var hi = arguments[0];
            var lo = arguments[1];
            this.init(hi, lo);
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$7 = { PI: { configurable: true },TWO_PI: { configurable: true },PI_2: { configurable: true },E: { configurable: true },NaN: { configurable: true },EPS: { configurable: true },SPLIT: { configurable: true },MAX_PRINT_DIGITS: { configurable: true },TEN: { configurable: true },ONE: { configurable: true },SCI_NOT_EXPONENT_CHAR: { configurable: true },SCI_NOT_ZERO: { configurable: true } };
        DD.prototype.le = function le (y) {
          return (this._hi < y._hi || this._hi === y._hi) && this._lo <= y._lo
        };
        DD.prototype.extractSignificantDigits = function extractSignificantDigits (insertDecimalPoint, magnitude) {
          var y = this.abs();
          var mag = DD.magnitude(y._hi);
          var scale = DD.TEN.pow(mag);
          y = y.divide(scale);
          if (y.gt(DD.TEN)) {
            y = y.divide(DD.TEN);
            mag += 1;
          } else if (y.lt(DD.ONE)) {
            y = y.multiply(DD.TEN);
            mag -= 1;
          }
          var decimalPointPos = mag + 1;
          var buf = new StringBuffer();
          var numDigits = DD.MAX_PRINT_DIGITS - 1;
          for (var i = 0; i <= numDigits; i++) {
            if (insertDecimalPoint && i === decimalPointPos) {
              buf.append('.');
            }
            var digit = Math.trunc(y._hi);
            if (digit < 0) {
              break
            }
            var rebiasBy10 = false;
            var digitChar = 0;
            if (digit > 9) {
              rebiasBy10 = true;
              digitChar = '9';
            } else {
              digitChar = '0' + digit;
            }
            buf.append(digitChar);
            y = y.subtract(DD.valueOf(digit)).multiply(DD.TEN);
            if (rebiasBy10) { y.selfAdd(DD.TEN); }
            var continueExtractingDigits = true;
            var remMag = DD.magnitude(y._hi);
            if (remMag < 0 && Math.abs(remMag) >= numDigits - i) { continueExtractingDigits = false; }
            if (!continueExtractingDigits) { break }
          }
          magnitude[0] = mag;
          return buf.toString()
        };
        DD.prototype.sqr = function sqr () {
          return this.multiply(this)
        };
        DD.prototype.doubleValue = function doubleValue () {
          return this._hi + this._lo
        };
        DD.prototype.subtract = function subtract () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
            var y = arguments[0];
            return this.add(y.negate())
          } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
            var y$1 = arguments[0];
            return this.add(-y$1)
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.equals = function equals () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var y = arguments[0];
            return this._hi === y._hi && this._lo === y._lo
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.isZero = function isZero () {
          return this._hi === 0.0 && this._lo === 0.0
        };
        DD.prototype.selfSubtract = function selfSubtract () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
            var y = arguments[0];
            if (this.isNaN()) { return this }
            return this.selfAdd(-y._hi, -y._lo)
          } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
            var y$1 = arguments[0];
            if (this.isNaN()) { return this }
            return this.selfAdd(-y$1, 0.0)
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.getSpecialNumberString = function getSpecialNumberString () {
          if (this.isZero()) { return '0.0' }
          if (this.isNaN()) { return 'NaN ' }
          return null
        };
        DD.prototype.min = function min (x) {
          if (this.le(x)) {
            return this
          } else {
            return x
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.selfDivide = function selfDivide () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
              var y = arguments[0];
              return this.selfDivide(y._hi, y._lo)
            } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
              var y$1 = arguments[0];
              return this.selfDivide(y$1, 0.0)
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var yhi = arguments[0];
            var ylo = arguments[1];
            var hc = null;
            var tc = null;
            var hy = null;
            var ty = null;
            var C = null;
            var c = null;
            var U = null;
            var u = null;
            C = this._hi / yhi;
            c = DD.SPLIT * C;
            hc = c - C;
            u = DD.SPLIT * yhi;
            hc = c - hc;
            tc = C - hc;
            hy = u - yhi;
            U = C * yhi;
            hy = u - hy;
            ty = yhi - hy;
            u = hc * hy - U + hc * ty + tc * hy + tc * ty;
            c = (this._hi - U - u + this._lo - C * ylo) / yhi;
            u = C + c;
            this._hi = u;
            this._lo = C - u + c;
            return this
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.dump = function dump () {
          return 'DD<' + this._hi + ', ' + this._lo + '>'
        };
        DD.prototype.divide = function divide () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
            var y = arguments[0];
            var hc = null;
            var tc = null;
            var hy = null;
            var ty = null;
            var C = null;
            var c = null;
            var U = null;
            var u = null;
            C = this._hi / y._hi;
            c = DD.SPLIT * C;
            hc = c - C;
            u = DD.SPLIT * y._hi;
            hc = c - hc;
            tc = C - hc;
            hy = u - y._hi;
            U = C * y._hi;
            hy = u - hy;
            ty = y._hi - hy;
            u = hc * hy - U + hc * ty + tc * hy + tc * ty;
            c = (this._hi - U - u + this._lo - C * y._lo) / y._hi;
            u = C + c;
            var zhi = u;
            var zlo = C - u + c;
            return new DD(zhi, zlo)
          } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
            var y$1 = arguments[0];
            if (Double.isNaN(y$1)) { return DD.createNaN() }
            return DD.copy(this).selfDivide(y$1, 0.0)
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.ge = function ge (y) {
          return (this._hi > y._hi || this._hi === y._hi) && this._lo >= y._lo
        };
        DD.prototype.pow = function pow (exp) {
          if (exp === 0.0) { return DD.valueOf(1.0) }
          var r = new DD(this);
          var s = DD.valueOf(1.0);
          var n = Math.abs(exp);
          if (n > 1) {
            while (n > 0) {
              if (n % 2 === 1) {
                s.selfMultiply(r);
              }
              n /= 2;
              if (n > 0) { r = r.sqr(); }
            }
          } else {
            s = r;
          }
          if (exp < 0) { return s.reciprocal() }
          return s
        };
        DD.prototype.ceil = function ceil () {
          if (this.isNaN()) { return DD.NaN }
          var fhi = Math.ceil(this._hi);
          var flo = 0.0;
          if (fhi === this._hi) {
            flo = Math.ceil(this._lo);
          }
          return new DD(fhi, flo)
        };
        DD.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
          var other = o;
          if (this._hi < other._hi) { return -1 }
          if (this._hi > other._hi) { return 1 }
          if (this._lo < other._lo) { return -1 }
          if (this._lo > other._lo) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };
        DD.prototype.rint = function rint () {
          if (this.isNaN()) { return this }
          var plus5 = this.add(0.5);
          return plus5.floor()
        };
        DD.prototype.setValue = function setValue () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
            var value = arguments[0];
            this.init(value);
            return this
          } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
            var value$1 = arguments[0];
            this.init(value$1);
            return this
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.max = function max (x) {
          if (this.ge(x)) {
            return this
          } else {
            return x
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.sqrt = function sqrt () {
          if (this.isZero()) { return DD.valueOf(0.0) }
          if (this.isNegative()) {
            return DD.NaN
          }
          var x = 1.0 / Math.sqrt(this._hi);
          var ax = this._hi * x;
          var axdd = DD.valueOf(ax);
          var diffSq = this.subtract(axdd.sqr());
          var d2 = diffSq._hi * (x * 0.5);
          return axdd.add(d2)
        };
        DD.prototype.selfAdd = function selfAdd () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
              var y = arguments[0];
              return this.selfAdd(y._hi, y._lo)
            } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
              var y$1 = arguments[0];
              var H = null;
              var h = null;
              var S = null;
              var s = null;
              var e = null;
              var f = null;
              S = this._hi + y$1;
              e = S - this._hi;
              s = S - e;
              s = y$1 - e + (this._hi - s);
              f = s + this._lo;
              H = S + f;
              h = f + (S - H);
              this._hi = H + h;
              this._lo = h + (H - this._hi);
              return this
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var yhi = arguments[0];
            var ylo = arguments[1];
            var H$1 = null;
            var h$1 = null;
            var T = null;
            var t = null;
            var S$1 = null;
            var s$1 = null;
            var e$1 = null;
            var f$1 = null;
            S$1 = this._hi + yhi;
            T = this._lo + ylo;
            e$1 = S$1 - this._hi;
            f$1 = T - this._lo;
            s$1 = S$1 - e$1;
            t = T - f$1;
            s$1 = yhi - e$1 + (this._hi - s$1);
            t = ylo - f$1 + (this._lo - t);
            e$1 = s$1 + T;
            H$1 = S$1 + e$1;
            h$1 = e$1 + (S$1 - H$1);
            e$1 = t + h$1;
            var zhi = H$1 + e$1;
            var zlo = e$1 + (H$1 - zhi);
            this._hi = zhi;
            this._lo = zlo;
            return this
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.selfMultiply = function selfMultiply () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
              var y = arguments[0];
              return this.selfMultiply(y._hi, y._lo)
            } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
              var y$1 = arguments[0];
              return this.selfMultiply(y$1, 0.0)
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var yhi = arguments[0];
            var ylo = arguments[1];
            var hx = null;
            var tx = null;
            var hy = null;
            var ty = null;
            var C = null;
            var c = null;
            C = DD.SPLIT * this._hi;
            hx = C - this._hi;
            c = DD.SPLIT * yhi;
            hx = C - hx;
            tx = this._hi - hx;
            hy = c - yhi;
            C = this._hi * yhi;
            hy = c - hy;
            ty = yhi - hy;
            c = hx * hy - C + hx * ty + tx * hy + tx * ty + (this._hi * ylo + this._lo * yhi);
            var zhi = C + c;
            hx = C - zhi;
            var zlo = c + hx;
            this._hi = zhi;
            this._lo = zlo;
            return this
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.selfSqr = function selfSqr () {
          return this.selfMultiply(this)
        };
        DD.prototype.floor = function floor () {
          if (this.isNaN()) { return DD.NaN }
          var fhi = Math.floor(this._hi);
          var flo = 0.0;
          if (fhi === this._hi) {
            flo = Math.floor(this._lo);
          }
          return new DD(fhi, flo)
        };
        DD.prototype.negate = function negate () {
          if (this.isNaN()) { return this }
          return new DD(-this._hi, -this._lo)
        };
        DD.prototype.clone = function clone () {
          // try {
          // return null
          // } catch (ex) {
          // if (ex instanceof CloneNotSupportedException) {
          //   return null
          // } else throw ex
          // } finally {}
        };
        DD.prototype.multiply = function multiply () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
            var y = arguments[0];
            if (y.isNaN()) { return DD.createNaN() }
            return DD.copy(this).selfMultiply(y)
          } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
            var y$1 = arguments[0];
            if (Double.isNaN(y$1)) { return DD.createNaN() }
            return DD.copy(this).selfMultiply(y$1, 0.0)
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.isNaN = function isNaN () {
          return Double.isNaN(this._hi)
        };
        DD.prototype.intValue = function intValue () {
          return Math.trunc(this._hi)
        };
        DD.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          var mag = DD.magnitude(this._hi);
          if (mag >= -3 && mag <= 20) { return this.toStandardNotation() }
          return this.toSciNotation()
        };
        DD.prototype.toStandardNotation = function toStandardNotation () {
          var specialStr = this.getSpecialNumberString();
          if (specialStr !== null) { return specialStr }
          var magnitude = new Array(1).fill(null);
          var sigDigits = this.extractSignificantDigits(true, magnitude);
          var decimalPointPos = magnitude[0] + 1;
          var num = sigDigits;
          if (sigDigits.charAt(0) === '.') {
            num = '0' + sigDigits;
          } else if (decimalPointPos < 0) {
            num = '0.' + DD.stringOfChar('0', -decimalPointPos) + sigDigits;
          } else if (sigDigits.indexOf('.') === -1) {
            var numZeroes = decimalPointPos - sigDigits.length;
            var zeroes = DD.stringOfChar('0', numZeroes);
            num = sigDigits + zeroes + '.0';
          }
          if (this.isNegative()) { return '-' + num }
          return num
        };
        DD.prototype.reciprocal = function reciprocal () {
          var hc = null;
          var tc = null;
          var hy = null;
          var ty = null;
          var C = null;
          var c = null;
          var U = null;
          var u = null;
          C = 1.0 / this._hi;
          c = DD.SPLIT * C;
          hc = c - C;
          u = DD.SPLIT * this._hi;
          hc = c - hc;
          tc = C - hc;
          hy = u - this._hi;
          U = C * this._hi;
          hy = u - hy;
          ty = this._hi - hy;
          u = hc * hy - U + hc * ty + tc * hy + tc * ty;
          c = (1.0 - U - u - C * this._lo) / this._hi;
          var zhi = C + c;
          var zlo = C - zhi + c;
          return new DD(zhi, zlo)
        };
        DD.prototype.toSciNotation = function toSciNotation () {
          if (this.isZero()) { return DD.SCI_NOT_ZERO }
          var specialStr = this.getSpecialNumberString();
          if (specialStr !== null) { return specialStr }
          var magnitude = new Array(1).fill(null);
          var digits = this.extractSignificantDigits(false, magnitude);
          var expStr = DD.SCI_NOT_EXPONENT_CHAR + magnitude[0];
          if (digits.charAt(0) === '0') {
            throw new Error('Found leading zero: ' + digits)
          }
          var trailingDigits = '';
          if (digits.length > 1) { trailingDigits = digits.substring(1); }
          var digitsWithDecimal = digits.charAt(0) + '.' + trailingDigits;
          if (this.isNegative()) { return '-' + digitsWithDecimal + expStr }
          return digitsWithDecimal + expStr
        };
        DD.prototype.abs = function abs () {
          if (this.isNaN()) { return DD.NaN }
          if (this.isNegative()) { return this.negate() }
          return new DD(this)
        };
        DD.prototype.isPositive = function isPositive () {
          return (this._hi > 0.0 || this._hi === 0.0) && this._lo > 0.0
        };
        DD.prototype.lt = function lt (y) {
          return (this._hi < y._hi || this._hi === y._hi) && this._lo < y._lo
        };
        DD.prototype.add = function add () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
            var y = arguments[0];
            return DD.copy(this).selfAdd(y)
          } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
            var y$1 = arguments[0];
            return DD.copy(this).selfAdd(y$1)
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.init = function init () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
              var x = arguments[0];
              this._hi = x;
              this._lo = 0.0;
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof DD) {
              var dd = arguments[0];
              this._hi = dd._hi;
              this._lo = dd._lo;
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var hi = arguments[0];
            var lo = arguments[1];
            this._hi = hi;
            this._lo = lo;
          }
        };
        DD.prototype.gt = function gt (y) {
          return (this._hi > y._hi || this._hi === y._hi) && this._lo > y._lo
        };
        DD.prototype.isNegative = function isNegative () {
          return (this._hi < 0.0 || this._hi === 0.0) && this._lo < 0.0
        };
        DD.prototype.trunc = function trunc () {
          if (this.isNaN()) { return DD.NaN }
          if (this.isPositive()) { return this.floor(); } else { return this.ceil() }
        };
        DD.prototype.signum = function signum () {
          if (this._hi > 0) { return 1 }
          if (this._hi < 0) { return -1 }
          if (this._lo > 0) { return 1 }
          if (this._lo < 0) { return -1 }
          return 0
        };
        DD.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Serializable, Comparable, Clonable]
        };
        DD.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return DD
        };
        DD.sqr = function sqr (x) {
          return DD.valueOf(x).selfMultiply(x)
        };
        DD.valueOf = function valueOf () {
          if (typeof arguments[0] === 'string') {
            var str = arguments[0];
            return DD.parse(str)
          } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
            var x = arguments[0];
            return new DD(x)
          }
        };
        DD.sqrt = function sqrt (x) {
          return DD.valueOf(x).sqrt()
        };
        DD.parse = function parse (str) {
          var i = 0;
          var strlen = str.length;
          while (Character.isWhitespace(str.charAt(i))) { i++; }
          var isNegative = false;
          if (i < strlen) {
            var signCh = str.charAt(i);
            if (signCh === '-' || signCh === '+') {
              i++;
              if (signCh === '-') { isNegative = true; }
            }
          }
          var val = new DD();
          var numDigits = 0;
          var numBeforeDec = 0;
          var exp = 0;
          while (true) {
            if (i >= strlen) { break }
            var ch = str.charAt(i);
            i++;
            if (Character.isDigit(ch)) {
              var d = ch - '0';
              val.selfMultiply(DD.TEN);
              val.selfAdd(d);
              numDigits++;
              continue
            }
            if (ch === '.') {
              numBeforeDec = numDigits;
              continue
            }
            if (ch === 'e' || ch === 'E') {
              var expStr = str.substring(i);
              try {
                exp = Integer.parseInt(expStr);
              } catch (ex) {
                if (ex instanceof Error) {
                  throw new Error('Invalid exponent ' + expStr + ' in string ' + str)
                } else { throw ex }
              } finally {}
              break
            }
            throw new Error("Unexpected character '" + ch + "' at position " + i + ' in string ' + str)
          }
          var val2 = val;
          var numDecPlaces = numDigits - numBeforeDec - exp;
          if (numDecPlaces === 0) {
            val2 = val;
          } else if (numDecPlaces > 0) {
            var scale = DD.TEN.pow(numDecPlaces);
            val2 = val.divide(scale);
          } else if (numDecPlaces < 0) {
            var scale$1 = DD.TEN.pow(-numDecPlaces);
            val2 = val.multiply(scale$1);
          }
          if (isNegative) {
            return val2.negate()
          }
          return val2
        };
        DD.createNaN = function createNaN () {
          return new DD(Double.NaN, Double.NaN)
        };
        DD.copy = function copy (dd) {
          return new DD(dd)
        };
        DD.magnitude = function magnitude (x) {
          var xAbs = Math.abs(x);
          var xLog10 = Math.log(xAbs) / Math.log(10);
          var xMag = Math.trunc(Math.floor(xLog10));
          var xApprox = Math.pow(10, xMag);
          if (xApprox * 10 <= xAbs) { xMag += 1; }
          return xMag
        };
        DD.stringOfChar = function stringOfChar (ch, len) {
          var buf = new StringBuffer();
          for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            buf.append(ch);
          }
          return buf.toString()
        };
        staticAccessors$7.PI.get = function () { return new DD(3.141592653589793116e+00, 1.224646799147353207e-16) };
        staticAccessors$7.TWO_PI.get = function () { return new DD(6.283185307179586232e+00, 2.449293598294706414e-16) };
        staticAccessors$7.PI_2.get = function () { return new DD(1.570796326794896558e+00, 6.123233995736766036e-17) };
        staticAccessors$7.E.get = function () { return new DD(2.718281828459045091e+00, 1.445646891729250158e-16) };
        staticAccessors$7.NaN.get = function () { return new DD(Double.NaN, Double.NaN) };
        staticAccessors$7.EPS.get = function () { return 1.23259516440783e-32 };
        staticAccessors$7.SPLIT.get = function () { return 134217729.0 };
        staticAccessors$7.MAX_PRINT_DIGITS.get = function () { return 32 };
        staticAccessors$7.TEN.get = function () { return DD.valueOf(10.0) };
        staticAccessors$7.ONE.get = function () { return DD.valueOf(1.0) };
        staticAccessors$7.SCI_NOT_EXPONENT_CHAR.get = function () { return 'E' };
        staticAccessors$7.SCI_NOT_ZERO.get = function () { return '0.0E0' };

        Object.defineProperties( DD, staticAccessors$7 );

        var CGAlgorithmsDD = function CGAlgorithmsDD () {};

        var staticAccessors$6 = { DP_SAFE_EPSILON: { configurable: true } };

        CGAlgorithmsDD.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        CGAlgorithmsDD.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CGAlgorithmsDD
        };
        CGAlgorithmsDD.orientationIndex = function orientationIndex (p1, p2, q) {
          var index = CGAlgorithmsDD.orientationIndexFilter(p1, p2, q);
          if (index <= 1) { return index }
          var dx1 = DD.valueOf(p2.x).selfAdd(-p1.x);
          var dy1 = DD.valueOf(p2.y).selfAdd(-p1.y);
          var dx2 = DD.valueOf(q.x).selfAdd(-p2.x);
          var dy2 = DD.valueOf(q.y).selfAdd(-p2.y);
          return dx1.selfMultiply(dy2).selfSubtract(dy1.selfMultiply(dx2)).signum()
        };
        CGAlgorithmsDD.signOfDet2x2 = function signOfDet2x2 (x1, y1, x2, y2) {
          var det = x1.multiply(y2).selfSubtract(y1.multiply(x2));
          return det.signum()
        };
        CGAlgorithmsDD.intersection = function intersection (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
          var denom1 = DD.valueOf(q2.y).selfSubtract(q1.y).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p2.x).selfSubtract(p1.x));
          var denom2 = DD.valueOf(q2.x).selfSubtract(q1.x).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p2.y).selfSubtract(p1.y));
          var denom = denom1.subtract(denom2);
          var numx1 = DD.valueOf(q2.x).selfSubtract(q1.x).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p1.y).selfSubtract(q1.y));
          var numx2 = DD.valueOf(q2.y).selfSubtract(q1.y).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p1.x).selfSubtract(q1.x));
          var numx = numx1.subtract(numx2);
          var fracP = numx.selfDivide(denom).doubleValue();
          var x = DD.valueOf(p1.x).selfAdd(DD.valueOf(p2.x).selfSubtract(p1.x).selfMultiply(fracP)).doubleValue();
          var numy1 = DD.valueOf(p2.x).selfSubtract(p1.x).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p1.y).selfSubtract(q1.y));
          var numy2 = DD.valueOf(p2.y).selfSubtract(p1.y).selfMultiply(DD.valueOf(p1.x).selfSubtract(q1.x));
          var numy = numy1.subtract(numy2);
          var fracQ = numy.selfDivide(denom).doubleValue();
          var y = DD.valueOf(q1.y).selfAdd(DD.valueOf(q2.y).selfSubtract(q1.y).selfMultiply(fracQ)).doubleValue();
          return new Coordinate(x, y)
        };
        CGAlgorithmsDD.orientationIndexFilter = function orientationIndexFilter (pa, pb, pc) {
          var detsum = null;
          var detleft = (pa.x - pc.x) * (pb.y - pc.y);
          var detright = (pa.y - pc.y) * (pb.x - pc.x);
          var det = detleft - detright;
          if (detleft > 0.0) {
            if (detright <= 0.0) {
              return CGAlgorithmsDD.signum(det)
            } else {
              detsum = detleft + detright;
            }
          } else if (detleft < 0.0) {
            if (detright >= 0.0) {
              return CGAlgorithmsDD.signum(det)
            } else {
              detsum = -detleft - detright;
            }
          } else {
            return CGAlgorithmsDD.signum(det)
          }
          var errbound = CGAlgorithmsDD.DP_SAFE_EPSILON * detsum;
          if (det >= errbound || -det >= errbound) {
            return CGAlgorithmsDD.signum(det)
          }
          return 2
        };
        CGAlgorithmsDD.signum = function signum (x) {
          if (x > 0) { return 1 }
          if (x < 0) { return -1 }
          return 0
        };
        staticAccessors$6.DP_SAFE_EPSILON.get = function () { return 1e-15 };

        Object.defineProperties( CGAlgorithmsDD, staticAccessors$6 );

        var CoordinateSequence = function CoordinateSequence () {};

        var staticAccessors$8 = { X: { configurable: true },Y: { configurable: true },Z: { configurable: true },M: { configurable: true } };

        staticAccessors$8.X.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors$8.Y.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$8.Z.get = function () { return 2 };
        staticAccessors$8.M.get = function () { return 3 };
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.setOrdinate = function setOrdinate (index, ordinateIndex, value) {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.size = function size () {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.getOrdinate = function getOrdinate (index, ordinateIndex) {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.getCoordinateCopy = function getCoordinateCopy (i) {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.getX = function getX (index) {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.clone = function clone () {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.expandEnvelope = function expandEnvelope (env) {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.copy = function copy () {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.getY = function getY (index) {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.toCoordinateArray = function toCoordinateArray () {};
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Clonable]
        };
        CoordinateSequence.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CoordinateSequence
        };

        Object.defineProperties( CoordinateSequence, staticAccessors$8 );

        var Exception = function Exception () {};

        var NotRepresentableException = (function (Exception$$1) {
          function NotRepresentableException () {
            Exception$$1.call(this, 'Projective point not representable on the Cartesian plane.');
          }

          if ( Exception$$1 ) { NotRepresentableException.__proto__ = Exception$$1; }
          NotRepresentableException.prototype = Object.create( Exception$$1 && Exception$$1.prototype );
          NotRepresentableException.prototype.constructor = NotRepresentableException;
          NotRepresentableException.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          NotRepresentableException.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return NotRepresentableException
          };

          return NotRepresentableException;
        }(Exception));

        var System = function System () {};

        System.arraycopy = function arraycopy (src, srcPos, dest, destPos, len) {
          var c = 0;
          for (var i = srcPos; i < srcPos + len; i++) {
            dest[destPos + c] = src[i];
            c++;
          }
        };

        System.getProperty = function getProperty (name) {
          return {
            'line.separator': '\n'
          }[name]
        };

        var HCoordinate = function HCoordinate () {
          this.x = null;
          this.y = null;
          this.w = null;
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this.x = 0.0;
            this.y = 0.0;
            this.w = 1.0;
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var p = arguments[0];
            this.x = p.x;
            this.y = p.y;
            this.w = 1.0;
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number' && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
              var _x = arguments[0];
              var _y = arguments[1];
              this.x = _x;
              this.y = _y;
              this.w = 1.0;
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof HCoordinate && arguments[1] instanceof HCoordinate) {
              var p1 = arguments[0];
              var p2 = arguments[1];
              this.x = p1.y * p2.w - p2.y * p1.w;
              this.y = p2.x * p1.w - p1.x * p2.w;
              this.w = p1.x * p2.y - p2.x * p1.y;
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate) {
              var p1$1 = arguments[0];
              var p2$1 = arguments[1];
              this.x = p1$1.y - p2$1.y;
              this.y = p2$1.x - p1$1.x;
              this.w = p1$1.x * p2$1.y - p2$1.x * p1$1.y;
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var _x$1 = arguments[0];
            var _y$1 = arguments[1];
            var _w = arguments[2];
            this.x = _x$1;
            this.y = _y$1;
            this.w = _w;
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var p1$2 = arguments[0];
            var p2$2 = arguments[1];
            var q1 = arguments[2];
            var q2 = arguments[3];
            var px = p1$2.y - p2$2.y;
            var py = p2$2.x - p1$2.x;
            var pw = p1$2.x * p2$2.y - p2$2.x * p1$2.y;
            var qx = q1.y - q2.y;
            var qy = q2.x - q1.x;
            var qw = q1.x * q2.y - q2.x * q1.y;
            this.x = py * qw - qy * pw;
            this.y = qx * pw - px * qw;
            this.w = px * qy - qx * py;
          }
        };
        HCoordinate.prototype.getY = function getY () {
          var a = this.y / this.w;
          if (Double.isNaN(a) || Double.isInfinite(a)) {
            throw new NotRepresentableException()
          }
          return a
        };
        HCoordinate.prototype.getX = function getX () {
          var a = this.x / this.w;
          if (Double.isNaN(a) || Double.isInfinite(a)) {
            throw new NotRepresentableException()
          }
          return a
        };
        HCoordinate.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
          var p = new Coordinate();
          p.x = this.getX();
          p.y = this.getY();
          return p
        };
        HCoordinate.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        HCoordinate.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return HCoordinate
        };
        HCoordinate.intersection = function intersection (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
          var px = p1.y - p2.y;
          var py = p2.x - p1.x;
          var pw = p1.x * p2.y - p2.x * p1.y;
          var qx = q1.y - q2.y;
          var qy = q2.x - q1.x;
          var qw = q1.x * q2.y - q2.x * q1.y;
          var x = py * qw - qy * pw;
          var y = qx * pw - px * qw;
          var w = px * qy - qx * py;
          var xInt = x / w;
          var yInt = y / w;
          if (Double.isNaN(xInt) || (Double.isInfinite(xInt) || Double.isNaN(yInt)) || Double.isInfinite(yInt)) {
            throw new NotRepresentableException()
          }
          return new Coordinate(xInt, yInt)
        };

        var Envelope = function Envelope () {
          this._minx = null;
          this._maxx = null;
          this._miny = null;
          this._maxy = null;
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this.init();
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
              var p = arguments[0];
              this.init(p.x, p.x, p.y, p.y);
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
              var env = arguments[0];
              this.init(env);
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p1 = arguments[0];
            var p2 = arguments[1];
            this.init(p1.x, p2.x, p1.y, p2.y);
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var x1 = arguments[0];
            var x2 = arguments[1];
            var y1 = arguments[2];
            var y2 = arguments[3];
            this.init(x1, x2, y1, y2);
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$9 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
        Envelope.prototype.getArea = function getArea () {
          return this.getWidth() * this.getHeight()
        };
        Envelope.prototype.equals = function equals (other) {
          if (!(other instanceof Envelope)) {
            return false
          }
          var otherEnvelope = other;
          if (this.isNull()) {
            return otherEnvelope.isNull()
          }
          return this._maxx === otherEnvelope.getMaxX() && this._maxy === otherEnvelope.getMaxY() && this._minx === otherEnvelope.getMinX() && this._miny === otherEnvelope.getMinY()
        };
        Envelope.prototype.intersection = function intersection (env) {
          if (this.isNull() || env.isNull() || !this.intersects(env)) { return new Envelope() }
          var intMinX = this._minx > env._minx ? this._minx : env._minx;
          var intMinY = this._miny > env._miny ? this._miny : env._miny;
          var intMaxX = this._maxx < env._maxx ? this._maxx : env._maxx;
          var intMaxY = this._maxy < env._maxy ? this._maxy : env._maxy;
          return new Envelope(intMinX, intMaxX, intMinY, intMaxY)
        };
        Envelope.prototype.isNull = function isNull () {
          return this._maxx < this._minx
        };
        Envelope.prototype.getMaxX = function getMaxX () {
          return this._maxx
        };
        Envelope.prototype.covers = function covers () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
              var p = arguments[0];
              return this.covers(p.x, p.y)
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              if (this.isNull() || other.isNull()) {
                return false
              }
              return other.getMinX() >= this._minx && other.getMaxX() <= this._maxx && other.getMinY() >= this._miny && other.getMaxY() <= this._maxy
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var x = arguments[0];
            var y = arguments[1];
            if (this.isNull()) { return false }
            return x >= this._minx && x <= this._maxx && y >= this._miny && y <= this._maxy
          }
        };
        Envelope.prototype.intersects = function intersects () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              if (this.isNull() || other.isNull()) {
                return false
              }
              return !(other._minx > this._maxx || other._maxx < this._minx || other._miny > this._maxy || other._maxy < this._miny)
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
              var p = arguments[0];
              return this.intersects(p.x, p.y)
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var x = arguments[0];
            var y = arguments[1];
            if (this.isNull()) { return false }
            return !(x > this._maxx || x < this._minx || y > this._maxy || y < this._miny)
          }
        };
        Envelope.prototype.getMinY = function getMinY () {
          return this._miny
        };
        Envelope.prototype.getMinX = function getMinX () {
          return this._minx
        };
        Envelope.prototype.expandToInclude = function expandToInclude () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
              var p = arguments[0];
              this.expandToInclude(p.x, p.y);
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              if (other.isNull()) {
                return null
              }
              if (this.isNull()) {
                this._minx = other.getMinX();
                this._maxx = other.getMaxX();
                this._miny = other.getMinY();
                this._maxy = other.getMaxY();
              } else {
                if (other._minx < this._minx) {
                  this._minx = other._minx;
                }
                if (other._maxx > this._maxx) {
                  this._maxx = other._maxx;
                }
                if (other._miny < this._miny) {
                  this._miny = other._miny;
                }
                if (other._maxy > this._maxy) {
                  this._maxy = other._maxy;
                }
              }
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var x = arguments[0];
            var y = arguments[1];
            if (this.isNull()) {
              this._minx = x;
              this._maxx = x;
              this._miny = y;
              this._maxy = y;
            } else {
              if (x < this._minx) {
                this._minx = x;
              }
              if (x > this._maxx) {
                this._maxx = x;
              }
              if (y < this._miny) {
                this._miny = y;
              }
              if (y > this._maxy) {
                this._maxy = y;
              }
            }
          }
        };
        Envelope.prototype.minExtent = function minExtent () {
          if (this.isNull()) { return 0.0 }
          var w = this.getWidth();
          var h = this.getHeight();
          if (w < h) { return w }
          return h
        };
        Envelope.prototype.getWidth = function getWidth () {
          if (this.isNull()) {
            return 0
          }
          return this._maxx - this._minx
        };
        Envelope.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
          var env = o;
          if (this.isNull()) {
            if (env.isNull()) { return 0 }
            return -1
          } else {
            if (env.isNull()) { return 1 }
          }
          if (this._minx < env._minx) { return -1 }
          if (this._minx > env._minx) { return 1 }
          if (this._miny < env._miny) { return -1 }
          if (this._miny > env._miny) { return 1 }
          if (this._maxx < env._maxx) { return -1 }
          if (this._maxx > env._maxx) { return 1 }
          if (this._maxy < env._maxy) { return -1 }
          if (this._maxy > env._maxy) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };
        Envelope.prototype.translate = function translate (transX, transY) {
          if (this.isNull()) {
            return null
          }
          this.init(this.getMinX() + transX, this.getMaxX() + transX, this.getMinY() + transY, this.getMaxY() + transY);
        };
        Envelope.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return 'Env[' + this._minx + ' : ' + this._maxx + ', ' + this._miny + ' : ' + this._maxy + ']'
        };
        Envelope.prototype.setToNull = function setToNull () {
          this._minx = 0;
          this._maxx = -1;
          this._miny = 0;
          this._maxy = -1;
        };
        Envelope.prototype.getHeight = function getHeight () {
          if (this.isNull()) {
            return 0
          }
          return this._maxy - this._miny
        };
        Envelope.prototype.maxExtent = function maxExtent () {
          if (this.isNull()) { return 0.0 }
          var w = this.getWidth();
          var h = this.getHeight();
          if (w > h) { return w }
          return h
        };
        Envelope.prototype.expandBy = function expandBy () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var distance = arguments[0];
            this.expandBy(distance, distance);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var deltaX = arguments[0];
            var deltaY = arguments[1];
            if (this.isNull()) { return null }
            this._minx -= deltaX;
            this._maxx += deltaX;
            this._miny -= deltaY;
            this._maxy += deltaY;
            if (this._minx > this._maxx || this._miny > this._maxy) { this.setToNull(); }
          }
        };
        Envelope.prototype.contains = function contains () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              return this.covers(other)
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
              var p = arguments[0];
              return this.covers(p)
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var x = arguments[0];
            var y = arguments[1];
            return this.covers(x, y)
          }
        };
        Envelope.prototype.centre = function centre () {
          if (this.isNull()) { return null }
          return new Coordinate((this.getMinX() + this.getMaxX()) / 2.0, (this.getMinY() + this.getMaxY()) / 2.0)
        };
        Envelope.prototype.init = function init () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this.setToNull();
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
              var p = arguments[0];
              this.init(p.x, p.x, p.y, p.y);
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Envelope) {
              var env = arguments[0];
              this._minx = env._minx;
              this._maxx = env._maxx;
              this._miny = env._miny;
              this._maxy = env._maxy;
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p1 = arguments[0];
            var p2 = arguments[1];
            this.init(p1.x, p2.x, p1.y, p2.y);
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var x1 = arguments[0];
            var x2 = arguments[1];
            var y1 = arguments[2];
            var y2 = arguments[3];
            if (x1 < x2) {
              this._minx = x1;
              this._maxx = x2;
            } else {
              this._minx = x2;
              this._maxx = x1;
            }
            if (y1 < y2) {
              this._miny = y1;
              this._maxy = y2;
            } else {
              this._miny = y2;
              this._maxy = y1;
            }
          }
        };
        Envelope.prototype.getMaxY = function getMaxY () {
          return this._maxy
        };
        Envelope.prototype.distance = function distance (env) {
          if (this.intersects(env)) { return 0 }
          var dx = 0.0;
          if (this._maxx < env._minx) { dx = env._minx - this._maxx; } else if (this._minx > env._maxx) { dx = this._minx - env._maxx; }
          var dy = 0.0;
          if (this._maxy < env._miny) { dy = env._miny - this._maxy; } else if (this._miny > env._maxy) { dy = this._miny - env._maxy; }
          if (dx === 0.0) { return dy }
          if (dy === 0.0) { return dx }
          return Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy)
        };
        Envelope.prototype.hashCode = function hashCode () {
          var result = 17;
          result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this._minx);
          result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this._maxx);
          result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this._miny);
          result = 37 * result + Coordinate.hashCode(this._maxy);
          return result
        };
        Envelope.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable, Serializable]
        };
        Envelope.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Envelope
        };
        Envelope.intersects = function intersects () {
          if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var p1 = arguments[0];
            var p2 = arguments[1];
            var q = arguments[2];
            if (q.x >= (p1.x < p2.x ? p1.x : p2.x) && q.x <= (p1.x > p2.x ? p1.x : p2.x) && (q.y >= (p1.y < p2.y ? p1.y : p2.y) && q.y <= (p1.y > p2.y ? p1.y : p2.y))) {
              return true
            }
            return false
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var p1$1 = arguments[0];
            var p2$1 = arguments[1];
            var q1 = arguments[2];
            var q2 = arguments[3];
            var minq = Math.min(q1.x, q2.x);
            var maxq = Math.max(q1.x, q2.x);
            var minp = Math.min(p1$1.x, p2$1.x);
            var maxp = Math.max(p1$1.x, p2$1.x);
            if (minp > maxq) { return false }
            if (maxp < minq) { return false }
            minq = Math.min(q1.y, q2.y);
            maxq = Math.max(q1.y, q2.y);
            minp = Math.min(p1$1.y, p2$1.y);
            maxp = Math.max(p1$1.y, p2$1.y);
            if (minp > maxq) { return false }
            if (maxp < minq) { return false }
            return true
          }
        };
        staticAccessors$9.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 5873921885273102420 };

        Object.defineProperties( Envelope, staticAccessors$9 );

        var regExes = {
          'typeStr': /^\s*(\w+)\s*\(\s*(.*)\s*\)\s*$/,
          'emptyTypeStr': /^\s*(\w+)\s*EMPTY\s*$/,
          'spaces': /\s+/,
          'parenComma': /\)\s*,\s*\(/,
          'doubleParenComma': /\)\s*\)\s*,\s*\(\s*\(/, // can't use {2} here
          'trimParens': /^\s*\(?(.*?)\)?\s*$/
        };

        /**
         * Class for reading and writing Well-Known Text.
         *
         * NOTE: Adapted from OpenLayers 2.11 implementation.
         */

        /** Create a new parser for WKT
         *
         * @param {GeometryFactory} geometryFactory
         * @return An instance of WKTParser.
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var WKTParser = function WKTParser (geometryFactory) {
          this.geometryFactory = geometryFactory || new GeometryFactory();
        };
        /**
         * Deserialize a WKT string and return a geometry. Supports WKT for POINT,
         * MULTIPOINT, LINESTRING, LINEARRING, MULTILINESTRING, POLYGON, MULTIPOLYGON,
         * and GEOMETRYCOLLECTION.
         *
         * @param {String} wkt A WKT string.
         * @return {Geometry} A geometry instance.
         * @private
         */
        WKTParser.prototype.read = function read (wkt) {
          var geometry, type, str;
          wkt = wkt.replace(/[\n\r]/g, ' ');
          var matches = regExes.typeStr.exec(wkt);
          if (wkt.search('EMPTY') !== -1) {
            matches = regExes.emptyTypeStr.exec(wkt);
            matches[2] = undefined;
          }
          if (matches) {
            type = matches[1].toLowerCase();
            str = matches[2];
            if (parse$1[type]) {
              geometry = parse$1[type].apply(this, [str]);
            }
          }

          if (geometry === undefined) { throw new Error('Could not parse WKT ' + wkt) }

          return geometry
        };

        /**
         * Serialize a geometry into a WKT string.
         *
         * @param {Geometry} geometry A feature or array of features.
         * @return {String} The WKT string representation of the input geometries.
         * @private
         */
        WKTParser.prototype.write = function write (geometry) {
          return this.extractGeometry(geometry)
        };

        /**
         * Entry point to construct the WKT for a single Geometry object.
         *
         * @param {Geometry} geometry
         * @return {String} A WKT string of representing the geometry.
         * @private
         */
        WKTParser.prototype.extractGeometry = function extractGeometry (geometry) {
          var type = geometry.getGeometryType().toLowerCase();
          if (!extract$1[type]) {
            return null
          }
          var wktType = type.toUpperCase();
          var data;
          if (geometry.isEmpty()) {
            data = wktType + ' EMPTY';
          } else {
            data = wktType + '(' + extract$1[type].apply(this, [geometry]) + ')';
          }
          return data
        };

        /**
         * Object with properties corresponding to the geometry types. Property values
         * are functions that do the actual data extraction.
         * @private
         */
        var extract$1 = {
          coordinate: function coordinate (coordinate$1) {
            return coordinate$1.x + ' ' + coordinate$1.y
          },

          /**
           * Return a space delimited string of point coordinates.
           *
           * @param {Point}
           *          point
           * @return {String} A string of coordinates representing the point.
           */
          point: function point (point$1) {
            return extract$1.coordinate.call(this, point$1._coordinates._coordinates[0])
          },

          /**
           * Return a comma delimited string of point coordinates from a multipoint.
           *
           * @param {MultiPoint}
           *          multipoint
           * @return {String} A string of point coordinate strings representing the
           *         multipoint.
           */
          multipoint: function multipoint (multipoint$1) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = multipoint$1._geometries.length; i < len; ++i) {
              array.push('(' + extract$1.point.apply(this$1, [multipoint$1._geometries[i]]) + ')');
            }
            return array.join(',')
          },

          /**
           * Return a comma delimited string of point coordinates from a line.
           *
           * @param {LineString} linestring
           * @return {String} A string of point coordinate strings representing the linestring.
           */
          linestring: function linestring (linestring$1) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = linestring$1._points._coordinates.length; i < len; ++i) {
              array.push(extract$1.coordinate.apply(this$1, [linestring$1._points._coordinates[i]]));
            }
            return array.join(',')
          },

          linearring: function linearring (linearring$1) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = linearring$1._points._coordinates.length; i < len; ++i) {
              array.push(extract$1.coordinate.apply(this$1, [linearring$1._points._coordinates[i]]));
            }
            return array.join(',')
          },

          /**
           * Return a comma delimited string of linestring strings from a
           * multilinestring.
           *
           * @param {MultiLineString} multilinestring
           * @return {String} A string of of linestring strings representing the multilinestring.
           */
          multilinestring: function multilinestring (multilinestring$1) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = multilinestring$1._geometries.length; i < len; ++i) {
              array.push('(' +
                extract$1.linestring.apply(this$1, [multilinestring$1._geometries[i]]) +
                ')');
            }
            return array.join(',')
          },

          /**
           * Return a comma delimited string of linear ring arrays from a polygon.
           *
           * @param {Polygon} polygon
           * @return {String} An array of linear ring arrays representing the polygon.
           */
          polygon: function polygon (polygon$1) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            array.push('(' + extract$1.linestring.apply(this, [polygon$1._shell]) + ')');
            for (var i = 0, len = polygon$1._holes.length; i < len; ++i) {
              array.push('(' + extract$1.linestring.apply(this$1, [polygon$1._holes[i]]) + ')');
            }
            return array.join(',')
          },

          /**
           * Return an array of polygon arrays from a multipolygon.
           *
           * @param {MultiPolygon} multipolygon
           * @return {String} An array of polygon arrays representing the multipolygon.
           */
          multipolygon: function multipolygon (multipolygon$1) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = multipolygon$1._geometries.length; i < len; ++i) {
              array.push('(' + extract$1.polygon.apply(this$1, [multipolygon$1._geometries[i]]) + ')');
            }
            return array.join(',')
          },

          /**
           * Return the WKT portion between 'GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(' and ')' for an
           * geometrycollection.
           *
           * @param {GeometryCollection} collection
           * @return {String} internal WKT representation of the collection.
           */
          geometrycollection: function geometrycollection (collection) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = collection._geometries.length; i < len; ++i) {
              array.push(this$1.extractGeometry(collection._geometries[i]));
            }
            return array.join(',')
          }
        };

        /**
         * Object with properties corresponding to the geometry types. Property values
         * are functions that do the actual parsing.
         * @private
         */
        var parse$1 = {
          /**
           * Return point geometry given a point WKT fragment.
           *
           * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the point.
           * @return {Point} A point geometry.
           * @private
           */
          point: function point (str) {
            if (str === undefined) {
              return this.geometryFactory.createPoint()
            }

            var coords = str.trim().split(regExes.spaces);
            return this.geometryFactory.createPoint(new Coordinate(Number.parseFloat(coords[0]),
              Number.parseFloat(coords[1])))
          },

          /**
           * Return a multipoint geometry given a multipoint WKT fragment.
           *
           * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the multipoint.
           * @return {Point} A multipoint feature.
           * @private
           */
          multipoint: function multipoint (str) {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (str === undefined) {
              return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPoint()
            }

            var point;
            var points = str.trim().split(',');
            var components = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = points.length; i < len; ++i) {
              point = points[i].replace(regExes.trimParens, '$1');
              components.push(parse$1.point.apply(this$1, [point]));
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPoint(components)
          },

          /**
           * Return a linestring geometry given a linestring WKT fragment.
           *
           * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the linestring.
           * @return {LineString} A linestring geometry.
           * @private
           */
          linestring: function linestring (str) {
            if (str === undefined) {
              return this.geometryFactory.createLineString()
            }

            var points = str.trim().split(',');
            var components = [];
            var coords;
            for (var i = 0, len = points.length; i < len; ++i) {
              coords = points[i].trim().split(regExes.spaces);
              components.push(new Coordinate(Number.parseFloat(coords[0]), Number.parseFloat(coords[1])));
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createLineString(components)
          },

          /**
           * Return a linearring geometry given a linearring WKT fragment.
           *
           * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the linearring.
           * @return {LinearRing} A linearring geometry.
           * @private
           */
          linearring: function linearring (str) {
            if (str === undefined) {
              return this.geometryFactory.createLinearRing()
            }

            var points = str.trim().split(',');
            var components = [];
            var coords;
            for (var i = 0, len = points.length; i < len; ++i) {
              coords = points[i].trim().split(regExes.spaces);
              components.push(new Coordinate(Number.parseFloat(coords[0]), Number.parseFloat(coords[1])));
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createLinearRing(components)
          },

          /**
           * Return a multilinestring geometry given a multilinestring WKT fragment.
           *
           * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the multilinestring.
           * @return {MultiLineString} A multilinestring geometry.
           * @private
           */
          multilinestring: function multilinestring (str) {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (str === undefined) {
              return this.geometryFactory.createMultiLineString()
            }

            var line;
            var lines = str.trim().split(regExes.parenComma);
            var components = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = lines.length; i < len; ++i) {
              line = lines[i].replace(regExes.trimParens, '$1');
              components.push(parse$1.linestring.apply(this$1, [line]));
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createMultiLineString(components)
          },

          /**
           * Return a polygon geometry given a polygon WKT fragment.
           *
           * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the polygon.
           * @return {Polygon} A polygon geometry.
           * @private
           */
          polygon: function polygon (str) {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (str === undefined) {
              return this.geometryFactory.createPolygon()
            }

            var ring, linestring, linearring;
            var rings = str.trim().split(regExes.parenComma);
            var shell;
            var holes = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = rings.length; i < len; ++i) {
              ring = rings[i].replace(regExes.trimParens, '$1');
              linestring = parse$1.linestring.apply(this$1, [ring]);
              linearring = this$1.geometryFactory.createLinearRing(linestring._points);
              if (i === 0) {
                shell = linearring;
              } else {
                holes.push(linearring);
              }
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createPolygon(shell, holes)
          },

          /**
           * Return a multipolygon geometry given a multipolygon WKT fragment.
           *
           * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the multipolygon.
           * @return {MultiPolygon} A multipolygon geometry.
           * @private
           */
          multipolygon: function multipolygon (str) {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (str === undefined) {
              return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPolygon()
            }

            var polygon;
            var polygons = str.trim().split(regExes.doubleParenComma);
            var components = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = polygons.length; i < len; ++i) {
              polygon = polygons[i].replace(regExes.trimParens, '$1');
              components.push(parse$1.polygon.apply(this$1, [polygon]));
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPolygon(components)
          },

          /**
           * Return a geometrycollection given a geometrycollection WKT fragment.
           *
           * @param {String} str A WKT fragment representing the geometrycollection.
           * @return {GeometryCollection}
           * @private
           */
          geometrycollection: function geometrycollection (str) {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (str === undefined) {
              return this.geometryFactory.createGeometryCollection()
            }

            // separate components of the collection with |
            str = str.replace(/,\s*([A-Za-z])/g, '|$1');
            var wktArray = str.trim().split('|');
            var components = [];
            for (var i = 0, len = wktArray.length; i < len; ++i) {
              components.push(this$1.read(wktArray[i]));
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createGeometryCollection(components)
          }
        };

        /**
         * Writes the Well-Known Text representation of a {@link Geometry}. The
         * Well-Known Text format is defined in the <A
         * HREF="http://www.opengis.org/techno/specs.htm"> OGC Simple Features
         * Specification for SQL</A>.
         * <p>
         * The <code>WKTWriter</code> outputs coordinates rounded to the precision
         * model. Only the maximum number of decimal places necessary to represent the
         * ordinates to the required precision will be output.
         * <p>
         * The SFS WKT spec does not define a special tag for {@link LinearRing}s.
         * Under the spec, rings are output as <code>LINESTRING</code>s.
         */

        /**
         * @param {GeometryFactory} geometryFactory
         * @constructor
         */
        var WKTWriter = function WKTWriter (geometryFactory) {
          this.parser = new WKTParser(geometryFactory);
        };

        /**
         * Converts a <code>Geometry</code> to its Well-known Text representation.
         *
         * @param {Geometry} geometry a <code>Geometry</code> to process.
         * @return {string} a <Geometry Tagged Text> string (see the OpenGIS Simple
         *       Features Specification).
         * @memberof WKTWriter
         */
        WKTWriter.prototype.write = function write (geometry) {
          return this.parser.write(geometry)
        };
        /**
         * Generates the WKT for a <tt>LINESTRING</tt> specified by two
         * {@link Coordinate}s.
         *
         * @param p0 the first coordinate.
         * @param p1 the second coordinate.
         *
         * @return the WKT.
         * @private
         */
        WKTWriter.toLineString = function toLineString (p0, p1) {
          if (arguments.length !== 2) {
            throw new Error('Not implemented')
          }
          return 'LINESTRING ( ' + p0.x + ' ' + p0.y + ', ' + p1.x + ' ' + p1.y + ' )'
        };

        var RuntimeException = (function (Error) {
          function RuntimeException (message) {
            Error.call(this, message);
            this.name = 'RuntimeException';
            this.message = message;
            this.stack = (new Error()).stack;
          }

          if ( Error ) { RuntimeException.__proto__ = Error; }
          RuntimeException.prototype = Object.create( Error && Error.prototype );
          RuntimeException.prototype.constructor = RuntimeException;

          return RuntimeException;
        }(Error));

        var AssertionFailedException = (function (RuntimeException$$1) {
          function AssertionFailedException () {
            RuntimeException$$1.call(this);
            if (arguments.length === 0) {
              RuntimeException$$1.call(this);
            } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var message = arguments[0];
              RuntimeException$$1.call(this, message);
            }
          }

          if ( RuntimeException$$1 ) { AssertionFailedException.__proto__ = RuntimeException$$1; }
          AssertionFailedException.prototype = Object.create( RuntimeException$$1 && RuntimeException$$1.prototype );
          AssertionFailedException.prototype.constructor = AssertionFailedException;
          AssertionFailedException.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          AssertionFailedException.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return AssertionFailedException
          };

          return AssertionFailedException;
        }(RuntimeException));

        var Assert = function Assert () {};

        Assert.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Assert.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Assert
        };
        Assert.shouldNeverReachHere = function shouldNeverReachHere () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            Assert.shouldNeverReachHere(null);
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var message = arguments[0];
            throw new AssertionFailedException('Should never reach here' + (message !== null ? ': ' + message : ''))
          }
        };
        Assert.isTrue = function isTrue () {
          var assertion;
          var message;
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            assertion = arguments[0];
            Assert.isTrue(assertion, null);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            assertion = arguments[0];
            message = arguments[1];
            if (!assertion) {
              if (message === null) {
                throw new AssertionFailedException()
              } else {
                throw new AssertionFailedException(message)
              }
            }
          }
        };
        Assert.equals = function equals () {
          var expectedValue;
          var actualValue;
          var message;
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            expectedValue = arguments[0];
            actualValue = arguments[1];
            Assert.equals(expectedValue, actualValue, null);
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            expectedValue = arguments[0];
            actualValue = arguments[1];
            message = arguments[2];
            if (!actualValue.equals(expectedValue)) {
              throw new AssertionFailedException('Expected ' + expectedValue + ' but encountered ' + actualValue + (message !== null ? ': ' + message : ''))
            }
          }
        };

        var LineIntersector = function LineIntersector () {
          this._result = null;
          this._inputLines = Array(2).fill().map(function () { return Array(2); });
          this._intPt = new Array(2).fill(null);
          this._intLineIndex = null;
          this._isProper = null;
          this._pa = null;
          this._pb = null;
          this._precisionModel = null;
          this._intPt[0] = new Coordinate();
          this._intPt[1] = new Coordinate();
          this._pa = this._intPt[0];
          this._pb = this._intPt[1];
          this._result = 0;
        };

        var staticAccessors$10 = { DONT_INTERSECT: { configurable: true },DO_INTERSECT: { configurable: true },COLLINEAR: { configurable: true },NO_INTERSECTION: { configurable: true },POINT_INTERSECTION: { configurable: true },COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION: { configurable: true } };
        LineIntersector.prototype.getIndexAlongSegment = function getIndexAlongSegment (segmentIndex, intIndex) {
          this.computeIntLineIndex();
          return this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][intIndex]
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.getTopologySummary = function getTopologySummary () {
          var catBuf = new StringBuffer();
          if (this.isEndPoint()) { catBuf.append(' endpoint'); }
          if (this._isProper) { catBuf.append(' proper'); }
          if (this.isCollinear()) { catBuf.append(' collinear'); }
          return catBuf.toString()
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.computeIntersection = function computeIntersection (p1, p2, p3, p4) {
          this._inputLines[0][0] = p1;
          this._inputLines[0][1] = p2;
          this._inputLines[1][0] = p3;
          this._inputLines[1][1] = p4;
          this._result = this.computeIntersect(p1, p2, p3, p4);
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.getIntersectionNum = function getIntersectionNum () {
          return this._result
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.computeIntLineIndex = function computeIntLineIndex () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            if (this._intLineIndex === null) {
              this._intLineIndex = Array(2).fill().map(function () { return Array(2); });
              this.computeIntLineIndex(0);
              this.computeIntLineIndex(1);
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var segmentIndex = arguments[0];
            var dist0 = this.getEdgeDistance(segmentIndex, 0);
            var dist1 = this.getEdgeDistance(segmentIndex, 1);
            if (dist0 > dist1) {
              this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][0] = 0;
              this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][1] = 1;
            } else {
              this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][0] = 1;
              this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][1] = 0;
            }
          }
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.isProper = function isProper () {
          return this.hasIntersection() && this._isProper
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.setPrecisionModel = function setPrecisionModel (precisionModel) {
          this._precisionModel = precisionModel;
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.isInteriorIntersection = function isInteriorIntersection () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            if (this.isInteriorIntersection(0)) { return true }
            if (this.isInteriorIntersection(1)) { return true }
            return false
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var inputLineIndex = arguments[0];
            for (var i = 0; i < this._result; i++) {
              if (!(this$1._intPt[i].equals2D(this$1._inputLines[inputLineIndex][0]) || this$1._intPt[i].equals2D(this$1._inputLines[inputLineIndex][1]))) {
                return true
              }
            }
            return false
          }
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.getIntersection = function getIntersection (intIndex) {
          return this._intPt[intIndex]
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.isEndPoint = function isEndPoint () {
          return this.hasIntersection() && !this._isProper
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.hasIntersection = function hasIntersection () {
          return this._result !== LineIntersector.NO_INTERSECTION
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.getEdgeDistance = function getEdgeDistance (segmentIndex, intIndex) {
          var dist = LineIntersector.computeEdgeDistance(this._intPt[intIndex], this._inputLines[segmentIndex][0], this._inputLines[segmentIndex][1]);
          return dist
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.isCollinear = function isCollinear () {
          return this._result === LineIntersector.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return WKTWriter.toLineString(this._inputLines[0][0], this._inputLines[0][1]) + ' - ' + WKTWriter.toLineString(this._inputLines[1][0], this._inputLines[1][1]) + this.getTopologySummary()
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.getEndpoint = function getEndpoint (segmentIndex, ptIndex) {
          return this._inputLines[segmentIndex][ptIndex]
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.isIntersection = function isIntersection (pt) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this._result; i++) {
            if (this$1._intPt[i].equals2D(pt)) {
              return true
            }
          }
          return false
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.getIntersectionAlongSegment = function getIntersectionAlongSegment (segmentIndex, intIndex) {
          this.computeIntLineIndex();
          return this._intPt[this._intLineIndex[segmentIndex][intIndex]]
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        LineIntersector.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return LineIntersector
        };
        LineIntersector.computeEdgeDistance = function computeEdgeDistance (p, p0, p1) {
          var dx = Math.abs(p1.x - p0.x);
          var dy = Math.abs(p1.y - p0.y);
          var dist = -1.0;
          if (p.equals(p0)) {
            dist = 0.0;
          } else if (p.equals(p1)) {
            if (dx > dy) { dist = dx; } else { dist = dy; }
          } else {
            var pdx = Math.abs(p.x - p0.x);
            var pdy = Math.abs(p.y - p0.y);
            if (dx > dy) { dist = pdx; } else { dist = pdy; }
            if (dist === 0.0 && !p.equals(p0)) {
              dist = Math.max(pdx, pdy);
            }
          }
          Assert.isTrue(!(dist === 0.0 && !p.equals(p0)), 'Bad distance calculation');
          return dist
        };
        LineIntersector.nonRobustComputeEdgeDistance = function nonRobustComputeEdgeDistance (p, p1, p2) {
          var dx = p.x - p1.x;
          var dy = p.y - p1.y;
          var dist = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
          Assert.isTrue(!(dist === 0.0 && !p.equals(p1)), 'Invalid distance calculation');
          return dist
        };
        staticAccessors$10.DONT_INTERSECT.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors$10.DO_INTERSECT.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$10.COLLINEAR.get = function () { return 2 };
        staticAccessors$10.NO_INTERSECTION.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors$10.POINT_INTERSECTION.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$10.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION.get = function () { return 2 };

        Object.defineProperties( LineIntersector, staticAccessors$10 );

        var RobustLineIntersector = (function (LineIntersector$$1) {
          function RobustLineIntersector () {
            LineIntersector$$1.apply(this, arguments);
          }

          if ( LineIntersector$$1 ) { RobustLineIntersector.__proto__ = LineIntersector$$1; }
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype = Object.create( LineIntersector$$1 && LineIntersector$$1.prototype );
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.constructor = RobustLineIntersector;

          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.isInSegmentEnvelopes = function isInSegmentEnvelopes (intPt) {
            var env0 = new Envelope(this._inputLines[0][0], this._inputLines[0][1]);
            var env1 = new Envelope(this._inputLines[1][0], this._inputLines[1][1]);
            return env0.contains(intPt) && env1.contains(intPt)
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.computeIntersection = function computeIntersection () {
            if (arguments.length === 3) {
              var p = arguments[0];
              var p1 = arguments[1];
              var p2 = arguments[2];
              this._isProper = false;
              if (Envelope.intersects(p1, p2, p)) {
                if (CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(p1, p2, p) === 0 && CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(p2, p1, p) === 0) {
                  this._isProper = true;
                  if (p.equals(p1) || p.equals(p2)) {
                    this._isProper = false;
                  }
                  this._result = LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION;
                  return null
                }
              }
              this._result = LineIntersector$$1.NO_INTERSECTION;
            } else { return LineIntersector$$1.prototype.computeIntersection.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.normalizeToMinimum = function normalizeToMinimum (n1, n2, n3, n4, normPt) {
            normPt.x = this.smallestInAbsValue(n1.x, n2.x, n3.x, n4.x);
            normPt.y = this.smallestInAbsValue(n1.y, n2.y, n3.y, n4.y);
            n1.x -= normPt.x;
            n1.y -= normPt.y;
            n2.x -= normPt.x;
            n2.y -= normPt.y;
            n3.x -= normPt.x;
            n3.y -= normPt.y;
            n4.x -= normPt.x;
            n4.y -= normPt.y;
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.safeHCoordinateIntersection = function safeHCoordinateIntersection (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
            var intPt = null;
            try {
              intPt = HCoordinate.intersection(p1, p2, q1, q2);
            } catch (e) {
              if (e instanceof NotRepresentableException) {
                intPt = RobustLineIntersector.nearestEndpoint(p1, p2, q1, q2);
              } else { throw e }
            } finally {}
            return intPt
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.intersection = function intersection (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
            var intPt = this.intersectionWithNormalization(p1, p2, q1, q2);
            if (!this.isInSegmentEnvelopes(intPt)) {
              intPt = new Coordinate(RobustLineIntersector.nearestEndpoint(p1, p2, q1, q2));
            }
            if (this._precisionModel !== null) {
              this._precisionModel.makePrecise(intPt);
            }
            return intPt
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.smallestInAbsValue = function smallestInAbsValue (x1, x2, x3, x4) {
            var x = x1;
            var xabs = Math.abs(x);
            if (Math.abs(x2) < xabs) {
              x = x2;
              xabs = Math.abs(x2);
            }
            if (Math.abs(x3) < xabs) {
              x = x3;
              xabs = Math.abs(x3);
            }
            if (Math.abs(x4) < xabs) {
              x = x4;
            }
            return x
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.checkDD = function checkDD (p1, p2, q1, q2, intPt) {
            var intPtDD = CGAlgorithmsDD.intersection(p1, p2, q1, q2);
            var isIn = this.isInSegmentEnvelopes(intPtDD);
            System.out.println('DD in env = ' + isIn + '  --------------------- ' + intPtDD);
            if (intPt.distance(intPtDD) > 0.0001) {
              System.out.println('Distance = ' + intPt.distance(intPtDD));
            }
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.intersectionWithNormalization = function intersectionWithNormalization (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
            var n1 = new Coordinate(p1);
            var n2 = new Coordinate(p2);
            var n3 = new Coordinate(q1);
            var n4 = new Coordinate(q2);
            var normPt = new Coordinate();
            this.normalizeToEnvCentre(n1, n2, n3, n4, normPt);
            var intPt = this.safeHCoordinateIntersection(n1, n2, n3, n4);
            intPt.x += normPt.x;
            intPt.y += normPt.y;
            return intPt
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.computeCollinearIntersection = function computeCollinearIntersection (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
            var p1q1p2 = Envelope.intersects(p1, p2, q1);
            var p1q2p2 = Envelope.intersects(p1, p2, q2);
            var q1p1q2 = Envelope.intersects(q1, q2, p1);
            var q1p2q2 = Envelope.intersects(q1, q2, p2);
            if (p1q1p2 && p1q2p2) {
              this._intPt[0] = q1;
              this._intPt[1] = q2;
              return LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
            }
            if (q1p1q2 && q1p2q2) {
              this._intPt[0] = p1;
              this._intPt[1] = p2;
              return LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
            }
            if (p1q1p2 && q1p1q2) {
              this._intPt[0] = q1;
              this._intPt[1] = p1;
              return q1.equals(p1) && !p1q2p2 && !q1p2q2 ? LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION : LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
            }
            if (p1q1p2 && q1p2q2) {
              this._intPt[0] = q1;
              this._intPt[1] = p2;
              return q1.equals(p2) && !p1q2p2 && !q1p1q2 ? LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION : LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
            }
            if (p1q2p2 && q1p1q2) {
              this._intPt[0] = q2;
              this._intPt[1] = p1;
              return q2.equals(p1) && !p1q1p2 && !q1p2q2 ? LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION : LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
            }
            if (p1q2p2 && q1p2q2) {
              this._intPt[0] = q2;
              this._intPt[1] = p2;
              return q2.equals(p2) && !p1q1p2 && !q1p1q2 ? LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION : LineIntersector$$1.COLLINEAR_INTERSECTION
            }
            return LineIntersector$$1.NO_INTERSECTION
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.normalizeToEnvCentre = function normalizeToEnvCentre (n00, n01, n10, n11, normPt) {
            var minX0 = n00.x < n01.x ? n00.x : n01.x;
            var minY0 = n00.y < n01.y ? n00.y : n01.y;
            var maxX0 = n00.x > n01.x ? n00.x : n01.x;
            var maxY0 = n00.y > n01.y ? n00.y : n01.y;
            var minX1 = n10.x < n11.x ? n10.x : n11.x;
            var minY1 = n10.y < n11.y ? n10.y : n11.y;
            var maxX1 = n10.x > n11.x ? n10.x : n11.x;
            var maxY1 = n10.y > n11.y ? n10.y : n11.y;
            var intMinX = minX0 > minX1 ? minX0 : minX1;
            var intMaxX = maxX0 < maxX1 ? maxX0 : maxX1;
            var intMinY = minY0 > minY1 ? minY0 : minY1;
            var intMaxY = maxY0 < maxY1 ? maxY0 : maxY1;
            var intMidX = (intMinX + intMaxX) / 2.0;
            var intMidY = (intMinY + intMaxY) / 2.0;
            normPt.x = intMidX;
            normPt.y = intMidY;
            n00.x -= normPt.x;
            n00.y -= normPt.y;
            n01.x -= normPt.x;
            n01.y -= normPt.y;
            n10.x -= normPt.x;
            n10.y -= normPt.y;
            n11.x -= normPt.x;
            n11.y -= normPt.y;
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.computeIntersect = function computeIntersect (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
            this._isProper = false;
            if (!Envelope.intersects(p1, p2, q1, q2)) { return LineIntersector$$1.NO_INTERSECTION }
            var Pq1 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(p1, p2, q1);
            var Pq2 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(p1, p2, q2);
            if ((Pq1 > 0 && Pq2 > 0) || (Pq1 < 0 && Pq2 < 0)) {
              return LineIntersector$$1.NO_INTERSECTION
            }
            var Qp1 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(q1, q2, p1);
            var Qp2 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(q1, q2, p2);
            if ((Qp1 > 0 && Qp2 > 0) || (Qp1 < 0 && Qp2 < 0)) {
              return LineIntersector$$1.NO_INTERSECTION
            }
            var collinear = Pq1 === 0 && Pq2 === 0 && Qp1 === 0 && Qp2 === 0;
            if (collinear) {
              return this.computeCollinearIntersection(p1, p2, q1, q2)
            }
            if (Pq1 === 0 || Pq2 === 0 || Qp1 === 0 || Qp2 === 0) {
              this._isProper = false;
              if (p1.equals2D(q1) || p1.equals2D(q2)) {
                this._intPt[0] = p1;
              } else if (p2.equals2D(q1) || p2.equals2D(q2)) {
                this._intPt[0] = p2;
              } else if (Pq1 === 0) {
                this._intPt[0] = new Coordinate(q1);
              } else if (Pq2 === 0) {
                this._intPt[0] = new Coordinate(q2);
              } else if (Qp1 === 0) {
                this._intPt[0] = new Coordinate(p1);
              } else if (Qp2 === 0) {
                this._intPt[0] = new Coordinate(p2);
              }
            } else {
              this._isProper = true;
              this._intPt[0] = this.intersection(p1, p2, q1, q2);
            }
            return LineIntersector$$1.POINT_INTERSECTION
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return RobustLineIntersector
          };
          RobustLineIntersector.nearestEndpoint = function nearestEndpoint (p1, p2, q1, q2) {
            var nearestPt = p1;
            var minDist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p1, q1, q2);
            var dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p2, q1, q2);
            if (dist < minDist) {
              minDist = dist;
              nearestPt = p2;
            }
            dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(q1, p1, p2);
            if (dist < minDist) {
              minDist = dist;
              nearestPt = q1;
            }
            dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(q2, p1, p2);
            if (dist < minDist) {
              minDist = dist;
              nearestPt = q2;
            }
            return nearestPt
          };

          return RobustLineIntersector;
        }(LineIntersector));

        var RobustDeterminant = function RobustDeterminant () {};

        RobustDeterminant.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        RobustDeterminant.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return RobustDeterminant
        };
        RobustDeterminant.orientationIndex = function orientationIndex (p1, p2, q) {
          var dx1 = p2.x - p1.x;
          var dy1 = p2.y - p1.y;
          var dx2 = q.x - p2.x;
          var dy2 = q.y - p2.y;
          return RobustDeterminant.signOfDet2x2(dx1, dy1, dx2, dy2)
        };
        RobustDeterminant.signOfDet2x2 = function signOfDet2x2 (x1, y1, x2, y2) {
          var sign = null;
          var swap = null;
          var k = null;
          sign = 1;
          if (x1 === 0.0 || y2 === 0.0) {
            if (y1 === 0.0 || x2 === 0.0) {
              return 0
            } else if (y1 > 0) {
              if (x2 > 0) {
                return -sign
              } else {
                return sign
              }
            } else {
              if (x2 > 0) {
                return sign
              } else {
                return -sign
              }
            }
          }
          if (y1 === 0.0 || x2 === 0.0) {
            if (y2 > 0) {
              if (x1 > 0) {
                return sign
              } else {
                return -sign
              }
            } else {
              if (x1 > 0) {
                return -sign
              } else {
                return sign
              }
            }
          }
          if (y1 > 0.0) {
            if (y2 > 0.0) {
              if (y1 <= y2) ; else {
                sign = -sign;
                swap = x1;
                x1 = x2;
                x2 = swap;
                swap = y1;
                y1 = y2;
                y2 = swap;
              }
            } else {
              if (y1 <= -y2) {
                sign = -sign;
                x2 = -x2;
                y2 = -y2;
              } else {
                swap = x1;
                x1 = -x2;
                x2 = swap;
                swap = y1;
                y1 = -y2;
                y2 = swap;
              }
            }
          } else {
            if (y2 > 0.0) {
              if (-y1 <= y2) {
                sign = -sign;
                x1 = -x1;
                y1 = -y1;
              } else {
                swap = -x1;
                x1 = x2;
                x2 = swap;
                swap = -y1;
                y1 = y2;
                y2 = swap;
              }
            } else {
              if (y1 >= y2) {
                x1 = -x1;
                y1 = -y1;
                x2 = -x2;
                y2 = -y2;
              } else {
                sign = -sign;
                swap = -x1;
                x1 = -x2;
                x2 = swap;
                swap = -y1;
                y1 = -y2;
                y2 = swap;
              }
            }
          }
          if (x1 > 0.0) {
            if (x2 > 0.0) {
              if (x1 <= x2) ; else {
                return sign
              }
            } else {
              return sign
            }
          } else {
            if (x2 > 0.0) {
              return -sign
            } else {
              if (x1 >= x2) {
                sign = -sign;
                x1 = -x1;
                x2 = -x2;
              } else {
                return -sign
              }
            }
          }
          while (true) {
            k = Math.floor(x2 / x1);
            x2 = x2 - k * x1;
            y2 = y2 - k * y1;
            if (y2 < 0.0) {
              return -sign
            }
            if (y2 > y1) {
              return sign
            }
            if (x1 > x2 + x2) {
              if (y1 < y2 + y2) {
                return sign
              }
            } else {
              if (y1 > y2 + y2) {
                return -sign
              } else {
                x2 = x1 - x2;
                y2 = y1 - y2;
                sign = -sign;
              }
            }
            if (y2 === 0.0) {
              if (x2 === 0.0) {
                return 0
              } else {
                return -sign
              }
            }
            if (x2 === 0.0) {
              return sign
            }
            k = Math.floor(x1 / x2);
            x1 = x1 - k * x2;
            y1 = y1 - k * y2;
            if (y1 < 0.0) {
              return sign
            }
            if (y1 > y2) {
              return -sign
            }
            if (x2 > x1 + x1) {
              if (y2 < y1 + y1) {
                return -sign
              }
            } else {
              if (y2 > y1 + y1) {
                return sign
              } else {
                x1 = x2 - x1;
                y1 = y2 - y1;
                sign = -sign;
              }
            }
            if (y1 === 0.0) {
              if (x1 === 0.0) {
                return 0
              } else {
                return sign
              }
            }
            if (x1 === 0.0) {
              return -sign
            }
          }
        };

        var RayCrossingCounter = function RayCrossingCounter () {
          this._p = null;
          this._crossingCount = 0;
          this._isPointOnSegment = false;
          var p = arguments[0];
          this._p = p;
        };
        RayCrossingCounter.prototype.countSegment = function countSegment (p1, p2) {
          if (p1.x < this._p.x && p2.x < this._p.x) { return null }
          if (this._p.x === p2.x && this._p.y === p2.y) {
            this._isPointOnSegment = true;
            return null
          }
          if (p1.y === this._p.y && p2.y === this._p.y) {
            var minx = p1.x;
            var maxx = p2.x;
            if (minx > maxx) {
              minx = p2.x;
              maxx = p1.x;
            }
            if (this._p.x >= minx && this._p.x <= maxx) {
              this._isPointOnSegment = true;
            }
            return null
          }
          if ((p1.y > this._p.y && p2.y <= this._p.y) || (p2.y > this._p.y && p1.y <= this._p.y)) {
            var x1 = p1.x - this._p.x;
            var y1 = p1.y - this._p.y;
            var x2 = p2.x - this._p.x;
            var y2 = p2.y - this._p.y;
            var xIntSign = RobustDeterminant.signOfDet2x2(x1, y1, x2, y2);
            if (xIntSign === 0.0) {
              this._isPointOnSegment = true;
              return null
            }
            if (y2 < y1) { xIntSign = -xIntSign; }
            if (xIntSign > 0.0) {
              this._crossingCount++;
            }
          }
        };
        RayCrossingCounter.prototype.isPointInPolygon = function isPointInPolygon () {
          return this.getLocation() !== Location.EXTERIOR
        };
        RayCrossingCounter.prototype.getLocation = function getLocation () {
          if (this._isPointOnSegment) { return Location.BOUNDARY }
          if (this._crossingCount % 2 === 1) {
            return Location.INTERIOR
          }
          return Location.EXTERIOR
        };
        RayCrossingCounter.prototype.isOnSegment = function isOnSegment () {
          return this._isPointOnSegment
        };
        RayCrossingCounter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        RayCrossingCounter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return RayCrossingCounter
        };
        RayCrossingCounter.locatePointInRing = function locatePointInRing () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && hasInterface(arguments[1], CoordinateSequence)) {
            var p = arguments[0];
            var ring = arguments[1];
            var counter = new RayCrossingCounter(p);
            var p1 = new Coordinate();
            var p2 = new Coordinate();
            for (var i = 1; i < ring.size(); i++) {
              ring.getCoordinate(i, p1);
              ring.getCoordinate(i - 1, p2);
              counter.countSegment(p1, p2);
              if (counter.isOnSegment()) { return counter.getLocation() }
            }
            return counter.getLocation()
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Array) {
            var p$1 = arguments[0];
            var ring$1 = arguments[1];
            var counter$1 = new RayCrossingCounter(p$1);
            for (var i$1 = 1; i$1 < ring$1.length; i$1++) {
              var p1$1 = ring$1[i$1];
              var p2$1 = ring$1[i$1 - 1];
              counter$1.countSegment(p1$1, p2$1);
              if (counter$1.isOnSegment()) { return counter$1.getLocation() }
            }
            return counter$1.getLocation()
          }
        };

        var CGAlgorithms = function CGAlgorithms () {};

        var staticAccessors$3 = { CLOCKWISE: { configurable: true },RIGHT: { configurable: true },COUNTERCLOCKWISE: { configurable: true },LEFT: { configurable: true },COLLINEAR: { configurable: true },STRAIGHT: { configurable: true } };

        CGAlgorithms.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        CGAlgorithms.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CGAlgorithms
        };
        CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex = function orientationIndex (p1, p2, q) {
          return CGAlgorithmsDD.orientationIndex(p1, p2, q)
        };
        CGAlgorithms.signedArea = function signedArea () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
            var ring = arguments[0];
            if (ring.length < 3) { return 0.0 }
            var sum = 0.0;
            var x0 = ring[0].x;
            for (var i = 1; i < ring.length - 1; i++) {
              var x = ring[i].x - x0;
              var y1 = ring[i + 1].y;
              var y2 = ring[i - 1].y;
              sum += x * (y2 - y1);
            }
            return sum / 2.0
          } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
            var ring$1 = arguments[0];
            var n = ring$1.size();
            if (n < 3) { return 0.0 }
            var p0 = new Coordinate();
            var p1 = new Coordinate();
            var p2 = new Coordinate();
            ring$1.getCoordinate(0, p1);
            ring$1.getCoordinate(1, p2);
            var x0$1 = p1.x;
            p2.x -= x0$1;
            var sum$1 = 0.0;
            for (var i$1 = 1; i$1 < n - 1; i$1++) {
              p0.y = p1.y;
              p1.x = p2.x;
              p1.y = p2.y;
              ring$1.getCoordinate(i$1 + 1, p2);
              p2.x -= x0$1;
              sum$1 += p1.x * (p0.y - p2.y);
            }
            return sum$1 / 2.0
          }
        };
        CGAlgorithms.distanceLineLine = function distanceLineLine (A, B, C, D) {
          if (A.equals(B)) { return CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(A, C, D) }
          if (C.equals(D)) { return CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(D, A, B) }
          var noIntersection = false;
          if (!Envelope.intersects(A, B, C, D)) {
            noIntersection = true;
          } else {
            var denom = (B.x - A.x) * (D.y - C.y) - (B.y - A.y) * (D.x - C.x);
            if (denom === 0) {
              noIntersection = true;
            } else {
              var rNumb = (A.y - C.y) * (D.x - C.x) - (A.x - C.x) * (D.y - C.y);
              var sNum = (A.y - C.y) * (B.x - A.x) - (A.x - C.x) * (B.y - A.y);
              var s = sNum / denom;
              var r = rNumb / denom;
              if (r < 0 || r > 1 || s < 0 || s > 1) {
                noIntersection = true;
              }
            }
          }
          if (noIntersection) {
            return MathUtil.min(CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(A, C, D), CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(B, C, D), CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(C, A, B), CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(D, A, B))
          }
          return 0.0
        };
        CGAlgorithms.isPointInRing = function isPointInRing (p, ring) {
          return CGAlgorithms.locatePointInRing(p, ring) !== Location.EXTERIOR
        };
        CGAlgorithms.computeLength = function computeLength (pts) {
          var n = pts.size();
          if (n <= 1) { return 0.0 }
          var len = 0.0;
          var p = new Coordinate();
          pts.getCoordinate(0, p);
          var x0 = p.x;
          var y0 = p.y;
          for (var i = 1; i < n; i++) {
            pts.getCoordinate(i, p);
            var x1 = p.x;
            var y1 = p.y;
            var dx = x1 - x0;
            var dy = y1 - y0;
            len += Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
            x0 = x1;
            y0 = y1;
          }
          return len
        };
        CGAlgorithms.isCCW = function isCCW (ring) {
          var nPts = ring.length - 1;
          if (nPts < 3) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Ring has fewer than 4 points, so orientation cannot be determined') }
          var hiPt = ring[0];
          var hiIndex = 0;
          for (var i = 1; i <= nPts; i++) {
            var p = ring[i];
            if (p.y > hiPt.y) {
              hiPt = p;
              hiIndex = i;
            }
          }
          var iPrev = hiIndex;
          do {
            iPrev = iPrev - 1;
            if (iPrev < 0) { iPrev = nPts; }
          } while (ring[iPrev].equals2D(hiPt) && iPrev !== hiIndex)
          var iNext = hiIndex;
          do {
            iNext = (iNext + 1) % nPts;
          } while (ring[iNext].equals2D(hiPt) && iNext !== hiIndex)
          var prev = ring[iPrev];
          var next = ring[iNext];
          if (prev.equals2D(hiPt) || next.equals2D(hiPt) || prev.equals2D(next)) { return false }
          var disc = CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(prev, hiPt, next);
          var isCCW = false;
          if (disc === 0) {
            isCCW = prev.x > next.x;
          } else {
            isCCW = disc > 0;
          }
          return isCCW
        };
        CGAlgorithms.locatePointInRing = function locatePointInRing (p, ring) {
          return RayCrossingCounter.locatePointInRing(p, ring)
        };
        CGAlgorithms.distancePointLinePerpendicular = function distancePointLinePerpendicular (p, A, B) {
          var len2 = (B.x - A.x) * (B.x - A.x) + (B.y - A.y) * (B.y - A.y);
          var s = ((A.y - p.y) * (B.x - A.x) - (A.x - p.x) * (B.y - A.y)) / len2;
          return Math.abs(s) * Math.sqrt(len2)
        };
        CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation = function computeOrientation (p1, p2, q) {
          return CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(p1, p2, q)
        };
        CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine = function distancePointLine () {
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p = arguments[0];
            var line = arguments[1];
            if (line.length === 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Line array must contain at least one vertex') }
            var minDistance = p.distance(line[0]);
            for (var i = 0; i < line.length - 1; i++) {
              var dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p, line[i], line[i + 1]);
              if (dist < minDistance) {
                minDistance = dist;
              }
            }
            return minDistance
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var p$1 = arguments[0];
            var A = arguments[1];
            var B = arguments[2];
            if (A.x === B.x && A.y === B.y) { return p$1.distance(A) }
            var len2 = (B.x - A.x) * (B.x - A.x) + (B.y - A.y) * (B.y - A.y);
            var r = ((p$1.x - A.x) * (B.x - A.x) + (p$1.y - A.y) * (B.y - A.y)) / len2;
            if (r <= 0.0) { return p$1.distance(A) }
            if (r >= 1.0) { return p$1.distance(B) }
            var s = ((A.y - p$1.y) * (B.x - A.x) - (A.x - p$1.x) * (B.y - A.y)) / len2;
            return Math.abs(s) * Math.sqrt(len2)
          }
        };
        CGAlgorithms.isOnLine = function isOnLine (p, pt) {
          var lineIntersector = new RobustLineIntersector();
          for (var i = 1; i < pt.length; i++) {
            var p0 = pt[i - 1];
            var p1 = pt[i];
            lineIntersector.computeIntersection(p, p0, p1);
            if (lineIntersector.hasIntersection()) {
              return true
            }
          }
          return false
        };
        staticAccessors$3.CLOCKWISE.get = function () { return -1 };
        staticAccessors$3.RIGHT.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE };
        staticAccessors$3.COUNTERCLOCKWISE.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$3.LEFT.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.COUNTERCLOCKWISE };
        staticAccessors$3.COLLINEAR.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors$3.STRAIGHT.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.COLLINEAR };

        Object.defineProperties( CGAlgorithms, staticAccessors$3 );

        var GeometryComponentFilter = function GeometryComponentFilter () {};

        GeometryComponentFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {};
        GeometryComponentFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GeometryComponentFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryComponentFilter
        };

        var Geometry = function Geometry () {
          var factory = arguments[0];

          this._envelope = null;
          this._factory = null;
          this._SRID = null;
          this._userData = null;
          this._factory = factory;
          this._SRID = factory.getSRID();
        };

        var staticAccessors$11 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_POINT: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_MULTIPOINT: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_LINESTRING: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_LINEARRING: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_MULTILINESTRING: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_POLYGON: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_MULTIPOLYGON: { configurable: true },SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION: { configurable: true },geometryChangedFilter: { configurable: true } };
        Geometry.prototype.isGeometryCollection = function isGeometryCollection () {
          return this.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getFactory = function getFactory () {
          return this._factory
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getGeometryN = function getGeometryN (n) {
          return this
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getArea = function getArea () {
          return 0.0
        };
        Geometry.prototype.isRectangle = function isRectangle () {
          return false
        };
        Geometry.prototype.equals = function equals () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry) {
            var g$1 = arguments[0];
            if (g$1 === null) { return false }
            return this.equalsTopo(g$1)
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Object) {
            var o = arguments[0];
            if (!(o instanceof Geometry)) { return false }
            var g = o;
            return this.equalsExact(g)
          }
        };
        Geometry.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact (other) {
          return this === other || this.equalsExact(other, 0)
        };
        Geometry.prototype.geometryChanged = function geometryChanged () {
          this.apply(Geometry.geometryChangedFilter);
        };
        Geometry.prototype.geometryChangedAction = function geometryChangedAction () {
          this._envelope = null;
        };
        Geometry.prototype.equalsNorm = function equalsNorm (g) {
          if (g === null) { return false }
          return this.norm().equalsExact(g.norm())
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getLength = function getLength () {
          return 0.0
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getNumGeometries = function getNumGeometries () {
          return 1
        };
        Geometry.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var o = arguments[0];
            var other = o;
            if (this.getSortIndex() !== other.getSortIndex()) {
              return this.getSortIndex() - other.getSortIndex()
            }
            if (this.isEmpty() && other.isEmpty()) {
              return 0
            }
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return -1
            }
            if (other.isEmpty()) {
              return 1
            }
            return this.compareToSameClass(o)
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var other$1 = arguments[0];
            var comp = arguments[1];
            if (this.getSortIndex() !== other$1.getSortIndex()) {
              return this.getSortIndex() - other$1.getSortIndex()
            }
            if (this.isEmpty() && other$1.isEmpty()) {
              return 0
            }
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return -1
            }
            if (other$1.isEmpty()) {
              return 1
            }
            return this.compareToSameClass(other$1, comp)
          }
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getUserData = function getUserData () {
          return this._userData
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getSRID = function getSRID () {
          return this._SRID
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getEnvelope = function getEnvelope () {
          return this.getFactory().toGeometry(this.getEnvelopeInternal())
        };
        Geometry.prototype.checkNotGeometryCollection = function checkNotGeometryCollection (g) {
          if (g.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException('This method does not support GeometryCollection arguments')
          }
        };
        Geometry.prototype.equal = function equal (a, b, tolerance) {
          if (tolerance === 0) {
            return a.equals(b)
          }
          return a.distance(b) <= tolerance
        };
        Geometry.prototype.norm = function norm () {
          var copy = this.copy();
          copy.normalize();
          return copy
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getPrecisionModel = function getPrecisionModel () {
          return this._factory.getPrecisionModel()
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getEnvelopeInternal = function getEnvelopeInternal () {
          if (this._envelope === null) {
            this._envelope = this.computeEnvelopeInternal();
          }
          return new Envelope(this._envelope)
        };
        Geometry.prototype.setSRID = function setSRID (SRID) {
          this._SRID = SRID;
        };
        Geometry.prototype.setUserData = function setUserData (userData) {
          this._userData = userData;
        };
        Geometry.prototype.compare = function compare (a, b) {
          var i = a.iterator();
          var j = b.iterator();
          while (i.hasNext() && j.hasNext()) {
            var aElement = i.next();
            var bElement = j.next();
            var comparison = aElement.compareTo(bElement);
            if (comparison !== 0) {
              return comparison
            }
          }
          if (i.hasNext()) {
            return 1
          }
          if (j.hasNext()) {
            return -1
          }
          return 0
        };
        Geometry.prototype.hashCode = function hashCode () {
          return this.getEnvelopeInternal().hashCode()
        };
        Geometry.prototype.isGeometryCollectionOrDerived = function isGeometryCollectionOrDerived () {
          if (this.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION || this.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOINT || this.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTILINESTRING || this.getSortIndex() === Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOLYGON) {
            return true
          }
          return false
        };
        Geometry.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Clonable, Comparable, Serializable]
        };
        Geometry.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Geometry
        };
        Geometry.hasNonEmptyElements = function hasNonEmptyElements (geometries) {
          for (var i = 0; i < geometries.length; i++) {
            if (!geometries[i].isEmpty()) {
              return true
            }
          }
          return false
        };
        Geometry.hasNullElements = function hasNullElements (array) {
          for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            if (array[i] === null) {
              return true
            }
          }
          return false
        };
        staticAccessors$11.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 8763622679187376702 };
        staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_POINT.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOINT.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_LINESTRING.get = function () { return 2 };
        staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_LINEARRING.get = function () { return 3 };
        staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_MULTILINESTRING.get = function () { return 4 };
        staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_POLYGON.get = function () { return 5 };
        staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOLYGON.get = function () { return 6 };
        staticAccessors$11.SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION.get = function () { return 7 };
        staticAccessors$11.geometryChangedFilter.get = function () { return geometryChangedFilter };

        Object.defineProperties( Geometry, staticAccessors$11 );

        var geometryChangedFilter = function geometryChangedFilter () {};

        geometryChangedFilter.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [GeometryComponentFilter]
        };
        geometryChangedFilter.filter = function filter (geom) {
          geom.geometryChangedAction();
        };

        var CoordinateFilter = function CoordinateFilter () {};

        CoordinateFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (coord) {};
        CoordinateFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        CoordinateFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CoordinateFilter
        };

        var BoundaryNodeRule = function BoundaryNodeRule () {};

        var staticAccessors$12 = { Mod2BoundaryNodeRule: { configurable: true },EndPointBoundaryNodeRule: { configurable: true },MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule: { configurable: true },MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule: { configurable: true },MOD2_BOUNDARY_RULE: { configurable: true },ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE: { configurable: true },MULTIVALENT_ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE: { configurable: true },MONOVALENT_ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE: { configurable: true },OGC_SFS_BOUNDARY_RULE: { configurable: true } };

        BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.isInBoundary = function isInBoundary (boundaryCount) {};
        BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BoundaryNodeRule
        };
        staticAccessors$12.Mod2BoundaryNodeRule.get = function () { return Mod2BoundaryNodeRule };
        staticAccessors$12.EndPointBoundaryNodeRule.get = function () { return EndPointBoundaryNodeRule };
        staticAccessors$12.MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.get = function () { return MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule };
        staticAccessors$12.MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.get = function () { return MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule };
        staticAccessors$12.MOD2_BOUNDARY_RULE.get = function () { return new Mod2BoundaryNodeRule() };
        staticAccessors$12.ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE.get = function () { return new EndPointBoundaryNodeRule() };
        staticAccessors$12.MULTIVALENT_ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE.get = function () { return new MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule() };
        staticAccessors$12.MONOVALENT_ENDPOINT_BOUNDARY_RULE.get = function () { return new MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule() };
        staticAccessors$12.OGC_SFS_BOUNDARY_RULE.get = function () { return BoundaryNodeRule.MOD2_BOUNDARY_RULE };

        Object.defineProperties( BoundaryNodeRule, staticAccessors$12 );

        var Mod2BoundaryNodeRule = function Mod2BoundaryNodeRule () {};

        Mod2BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.isInBoundary = function isInBoundary (boundaryCount) {
          return boundaryCount % 2 === 1
        };
        Mod2BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [BoundaryNodeRule]
        };
        Mod2BoundaryNodeRule.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Mod2BoundaryNodeRule
        };

        var EndPointBoundaryNodeRule = function EndPointBoundaryNodeRule () {};

        EndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.isInBoundary = function isInBoundary (boundaryCount) {
          return boundaryCount > 0
        };
        EndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [BoundaryNodeRule]
        };
        EndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return EndPointBoundaryNodeRule
        };

        var MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule = function MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule () {};

        MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.isInBoundary = function isInBoundary (boundaryCount) {
          return boundaryCount > 1
        };
        MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [BoundaryNodeRule]
        };
        MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MultiValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule
        };

        var MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule = function MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule () {};

        MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.isInBoundary = function isInBoundary (boundaryCount) {
          return boundaryCount === 1
        };
        MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [BoundaryNodeRule]
        };
        MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MonoValentEndPointBoundaryNodeRule
        };

        // import Iterator from './Iterator'

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Collection.html
         *
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var Collection = function Collection () {};

        Collection.prototype.add = function add () {};

        /**
         * Appends all of the elements in the specified collection to the end of this
         * list, in the order that they are returned by the specified collection's
         * iterator (optional operation).
         * @param {javascript.util.Collection} c
         * @return {boolean}
         */
        Collection.prototype.addAll = function addAll () {};

        /**
         * Returns true if this collection contains no elements.
         * @return {boolean}
         */
        Collection.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {};

        /**
         * Returns an iterator over the elements in this collection.
         * @return {javascript.util.Iterator}
         */
        Collection.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {};

        /**
         * Returns an iterator over the elements in this collection.
         * @return {number}
         */
        Collection.prototype.size = function size () {};

        /**
         * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this collection.
         * @return {Array}
         */
        Collection.prototype.toArray = function toArray () {};

        /**
         * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this collection if it
         * is present. (optional)
         * @param {Object} e
         * @return {boolean}
         */
        Collection.prototype.remove = function remove () {};

        /**
         * @param {string=} message Optional message
         * @extends {Error}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        function IndexOutOfBoundsException (message) {
          this.message = message || '';
        }
        IndexOutOfBoundsException.prototype = new Error();

        /**
         * @type {string}
         */
        IndexOutOfBoundsException.prototype.name = 'IndexOutOfBoundsException';

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Iterator.html
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var Iterator$1 = function Iterator () {};

        Iterator$1.prototype.hasNext = function hasNext () {};

        /**
         * Returns the next element in the iteration.
         * @return {Object}
         */
        Iterator$1.prototype.next = function next () {};

        /**
         * Removes from the underlying collection the last element returned by the
         * iterator (optional operation).
         */
        Iterator$1.prototype.remove = function remove () {};

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/List.html
         *
         * @extends {javascript.util.Collection}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var List = (function (Collection$$1) {
          function List () {
            Collection$$1.apply(this, arguments);
          }

          if ( Collection$$1 ) { List.__proto__ = Collection$$1; }
          List.prototype = Object.create( Collection$$1 && Collection$$1.prototype );
          List.prototype.constructor = List;

          List.prototype.get = function get () { };

          /**
           * Replaces the element at the specified position in this list with the
           * specified element (optional operation).
           * @param {number} index
           * @param {Object} e
           * @return {Object}
           */
          List.prototype.set = function set () { };

          /**
           * Returns true if this collection contains no elements.
           * @return {boolean}
           */
          List.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () { };

          return List;
        }(Collection));

        /**
         * @param {string=} message Optional message
         * @extends {Error}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        function NoSuchElementException (message) {
          this.message = message || '';
        }
        NoSuchElementException.prototype = new Error();

        /**
         * @type {string}
         */
        NoSuchElementException.prototype.name = 'NoSuchElementException';

        // import OperationNotSupported from './OperationNotSupported'

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/ArrayList.html
         *
         * @extends List
         * @private
         */
        var ArrayList = (function (List$$1) {
          function ArrayList () {
            List$$1.call(this);
            this.array_ = [];

            if (arguments[0] instanceof Collection) {
              this.addAll(arguments[0]);
            }
          }

          if ( List$$1 ) { ArrayList.__proto__ = List$$1; }
          ArrayList.prototype = Object.create( List$$1 && List$$1.prototype );
          ArrayList.prototype.constructor = ArrayList;

          ArrayList.prototype.ensureCapacity = function ensureCapacity () {};
          ArrayList.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () { return [List$$1, Collection] };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          ArrayList.prototype.add = function add (e) {
            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              this.array_.push(e);
            } else {
              this.array_.splice(arguments[0], arguments[1]);
            }
            return true
          };

          ArrayList.prototype.clear = function clear () {
            this.array_ = [];
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          ArrayList.prototype.addAll = function addAll (c) {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = c.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              this$1.add(i.next());
            }
            return true
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          ArrayList.prototype.set = function set (index, element) {
            var oldElement = this.array_[index];
            this.array_[index] = element;
            return oldElement
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          ArrayList.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
            return new Iterator_(this)
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          ArrayList.prototype.get = function get (index) {
            if (index < 0 || index >= this.size()) {
              throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException()
            }

            return this.array_[index]
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          ArrayList.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
            return this.array_.length === 0
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          ArrayList.prototype.size = function size () {
            return this.array_.length
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          ArrayList.prototype.toArray = function toArray () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];

            for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
              array.push(this$1.array_[i]);
            }

            return array
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          ArrayList.prototype.remove = function remove (o) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var found = false;

            for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
              if (this$1.array_[i] === o) {
                this$1.array_.splice(i, 1);
                found = true;
                break
              }
            }

            return found
          };

          return ArrayList;
        }(List));

        /**
         * @extends {Iterator}
         * @param {ArrayList} arrayList
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var Iterator_ = (function (Iterator$$1) {
          function Iterator_ (arrayList) {
            Iterator$$1.call(this);
            /**
             * @type {ArrayList}
             * @private
            */
            this.arrayList_ = arrayList;
            /**
             * @type {number}
             * @private
            */
            this.position_ = 0;
          }

          if ( Iterator$$1 ) { Iterator_.__proto__ = Iterator$$1; }
          Iterator_.prototype = Object.create( Iterator$$1 && Iterator$$1.prototype );
          Iterator_.prototype.constructor = Iterator_;

          /**
           * @override
           */
          Iterator_.prototype.next = function next () {
            if (this.position_ === this.arrayList_.size()) {
              throw new NoSuchElementException()
            }
            return this.arrayList_.get(this.position_++)
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          Iterator_.prototype.hasNext = function hasNext () {
            if (this.position_ < this.arrayList_.size()) {
              return true
            } else {
              return false
            }
          };

          /**
           * TODO: should be in ListIterator
           * @override
           */
          Iterator_.prototype.set = function set (element) {
            return this.arrayList_.set(this.position_ - 1, element)
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          Iterator_.prototype.remove = function remove () {
            this.arrayList_.remove(this.arrayList_.get(this.position_));
          };

          return Iterator_;
        }(Iterator$1));

        var CoordinateList = (function (ArrayList$$1) {
          function CoordinateList () {
            ArrayList$$1.call(this);
            if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var coord = arguments[0];
              this.ensureCapacity(coord.length);
              this.add(coord, true);
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var coord$1 = arguments[0];
              var allowRepeated = arguments[1];
              this.ensureCapacity(coord$1.length);
              this.add(coord$1, allowRepeated);
            }
          }

          if ( ArrayList$$1 ) { CoordinateList.__proto__ = ArrayList$$1; }
          CoordinateList.prototype = Object.create( ArrayList$$1 && ArrayList$$1.prototype );
          CoordinateList.prototype.constructor = CoordinateList;

          var staticAccessors = { coordArrayType: { configurable: true } };
          staticAccessors.coordArrayType.get = function () { return new Array(0).fill(null) };
          CoordinateList.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
            return this.get(i)
          };
          CoordinateList.prototype.addAll = function addAll () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var coll = arguments[0];
              var allowRepeated = arguments[1];
              var isChanged = false;
              for (var i = coll.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
                this$1.add(i.next(), allowRepeated);
                isChanged = true;
              }
              return isChanged
            } else { return ArrayList$$1.prototype.addAll.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          CoordinateList.prototype.clone = function clone () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var clone = ArrayList$$1.prototype.clone.call(this);
            for (var i = 0; i < this.size(); i++) {
              clone.add(i, this$1.get(i).copy());
            }
            return clone
          };
          CoordinateList.prototype.toCoordinateArray = function toCoordinateArray () {
            return this.toArray(CoordinateList.coordArrayType)
          };
          CoordinateList.prototype.add = function add () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var coord = arguments[0];
              ArrayList$$1.prototype.add.call(this, coord);
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              if (arguments[0] instanceof Array && typeof arguments[1] === 'boolean') {
                var coord$1 = arguments[0];
                var allowRepeated = arguments[1];
                this.add(coord$1, allowRepeated, true);
                return true
              } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && typeof arguments[1] === 'boolean') {
                var coord$2 = arguments[0];
                var allowRepeated$1 = arguments[1];
                if (!allowRepeated$1) {
                  if (this.size() >= 1) {
                    var last = this.get(this.size() - 1);
                    if (last.equals2D(coord$2)) { return null }
                  }
                }
                ArrayList$$1.prototype.add.call(this, coord$2);
              } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Object && typeof arguments[1] === 'boolean') {
                var obj = arguments[0];
                var allowRepeated$2 = arguments[1];
                this.add(obj, allowRepeated$2);
                return true
              }
            } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
              if (typeof arguments[2] === 'boolean' && (arguments[0] instanceof Array && typeof arguments[1] === 'boolean')) {
                var coord$3 = arguments[0];
                var allowRepeated$3 = arguments[1];
                var direction = arguments[2];
                if (direction) {
                  for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < coord$3.length; i$1++) {
                    this$1.add(coord$3[i$1], allowRepeated$3);
                  }
                } else {
                  for (var i$2 = coord$3.length - 1; i$2 >= 0; i$2--) {
                    this$1.add(coord$3[i$2], allowRepeated$3);
                  }
                }
                return true
              } else if (typeof arguments[2] === 'boolean' && (Number.isInteger(arguments[0]) && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
                var i$3 = arguments[0];
                var coord$4 = arguments[1];
                var allowRepeated$4 = arguments[2];
                if (!allowRepeated$4) {
                  var size = this.size();
                  if (size > 0) {
                    if (i$3 > 0) {
                      var prev = this.get(i$3 - 1);
                      if (prev.equals2D(coord$4)) { return null }
                    }
                    if (i$3 < size) {
                      var next = this.get(i$3);
                      if (next.equals2D(coord$4)) { return null }
                    }
                  }
                }
                ArrayList$$1.prototype.add.call(this, i$3, coord$4);
              }
            } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
              var coord$5 = arguments[0];
              var allowRepeated$5 = arguments[1];
              var start = arguments[2];
              var end = arguments[3];
              var inc = 1;
              if (start > end) { inc = -1; }
              for (var i = start; i !== end; i += inc) {
                this$1.add(coord$5[i], allowRepeated$5);
              }
              return true
            }
          };
          CoordinateList.prototype.closeRing = function closeRing () {
            if (this.size() > 0) { this.add(new Coordinate(this.get(0)), false); }
          };
          CoordinateList.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          CoordinateList.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return CoordinateList
          };

          Object.defineProperties( CoordinateList, staticAccessors );

          return CoordinateList;
        }(ArrayList));

        var CoordinateArrays = function CoordinateArrays () {};

        var staticAccessors$13 = { ForwardComparator: { configurable: true },BidirectionalComparator: { configurable: true },coordArrayType: { configurable: true } };

        staticAccessors$13.ForwardComparator.get = function () { return ForwardComparator };
        staticAccessors$13.BidirectionalComparator.get = function () { return BidirectionalComparator };
        staticAccessors$13.coordArrayType.get = function () { return new Array(0).fill(null) };

        CoordinateArrays.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        CoordinateArrays.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CoordinateArrays
        };
        CoordinateArrays.isRing = function isRing (pts) {
          if (pts.length < 4) { return false }
          if (!pts[0].equals2D(pts[pts.length - 1])) { return false }
          return true
        };
        CoordinateArrays.ptNotInList = function ptNotInList (testPts, pts) {
          for (var i = 0; i < testPts.length; i++) {
            var testPt = testPts[i];
            if (CoordinateArrays.indexOf(testPt, pts) < 0) { return testPt }
          }
          return null
        };
        CoordinateArrays.scroll = function scroll (coordinates, firstCoordinate) {
          var i = CoordinateArrays.indexOf(firstCoordinate, coordinates);
          if (i < 0) { return null }
          var newCoordinates = new Array(coordinates.length).fill(null);
          System.arraycopy(coordinates, i, newCoordinates, 0, coordinates.length - i);
          System.arraycopy(coordinates, 0, newCoordinates, coordinates.length - i, i);
          System.arraycopy(newCoordinates, 0, coordinates, 0, coordinates.length);
        };
        CoordinateArrays.equals = function equals () {
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var coord1 = arguments[0];
            var coord2 = arguments[1];
            if (coord1 === coord2) { return true }
            if (coord1 === null || coord2 === null) { return false }
            if (coord1.length !== coord2.length) { return false }
            for (var i = 0; i < coord1.length; i++) {
              if (!coord1[i].equals(coord2[i])) { return false }
            }
            return true
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var coord1$1 = arguments[0];
            var coord2$1 = arguments[1];
            var coordinateComparator = arguments[2];
            if (coord1$1 === coord2$1) { return true }
            if (coord1$1 === null || coord2$1 === null) { return false }
            if (coord1$1.length !== coord2$1.length) { return false }
            for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < coord1$1.length; i$1++) {
              if (coordinateComparator.compare(coord1$1[i$1], coord2$1[i$1]) !== 0) { return false }
            }
            return true
          }
        };
        CoordinateArrays.intersection = function intersection (coordinates, env) {
          var coordList = new CoordinateList();
          for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; i++) {
            if (env.intersects(coordinates[i])) { coordList.add(coordinates[i], true); }
          }
          return coordList.toCoordinateArray()
        };
        CoordinateArrays.hasRepeatedPoints = function hasRepeatedPoints (coord) {
          for (var i = 1; i < coord.length; i++) {
            if (coord[i - 1].equals(coord[i])) {
              return true
            }
          }
          return false
        };
        CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints = function removeRepeatedPoints (coord) {
          if (!CoordinateArrays.hasRepeatedPoints(coord)) { return coord }
          var coordList = new CoordinateList(coord, false);
          return coordList.toCoordinateArray()
        };
        CoordinateArrays.reverse = function reverse (coord) {
          var last = coord.length - 1;
          var mid = Math.trunc(last / 2);
          for (var i = 0; i <= mid; i++) {
            var tmp = coord[i];
            coord[i] = coord[last - i];
            coord[last - i] = tmp;
          }
        };
        CoordinateArrays.removeNull = function removeNull (coord) {
          var nonNull = 0;
          for (var i = 0; i < coord.length; i++) {
            if (coord[i] !== null) { nonNull++; }
          }
          var newCoord = new Array(nonNull).fill(null);
          if (nonNull === 0) { return newCoord }
          var j = 0;
          for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < coord.length; i$1++) {
            if (coord[i$1] !== null) { newCoord[j++] = coord[i$1]; }
          }
          return newCoord
        };
        CoordinateArrays.copyDeep = function copyDeep () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var coordinates = arguments[0];
            var copy = new Array(coordinates.length).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; i++) {
              copy[i] = new Coordinate(coordinates[i]);
            }
            return copy
          } else if (arguments.length === 5) {
            var src = arguments[0];
            var srcStart = arguments[1];
            var dest = arguments[2];
            var destStart = arguments[3];
            var length = arguments[4];
            for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < length; i$1++) {
              dest[destStart + i$1] = new Coordinate(src[srcStart + i$1]);
            }
          }
        };
        CoordinateArrays.isEqualReversed = function isEqualReversed (pts1, pts2) {
          for (var i = 0; i < pts1.length; i++) {
            var p1 = pts1[i];
            var p2 = pts2[pts1.length - i - 1];
            if (p1.compareTo(p2) !== 0) { return false }
          }
          return true
        };
        CoordinateArrays.envelope = function envelope (coordinates) {
          var env = new Envelope();
          for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; i++) {
            env.expandToInclude(coordinates[i]);
          }
          return env
        };
        CoordinateArrays.toCoordinateArray = function toCoordinateArray (coordList) {
          return coordList.toArray(CoordinateArrays.coordArrayType)
        };
        CoordinateArrays.atLeastNCoordinatesOrNothing = function atLeastNCoordinatesOrNothing (n, c) {
          return c.length >= n ? c : []
        };
        CoordinateArrays.indexOf = function indexOf (coordinate, coordinates) {
          for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; i++) {
            if (coordinate.equals(coordinates[i])) {
              return i
            }
          }
          return -1
        };
        CoordinateArrays.increasingDirection = function increasingDirection (pts) {
          for (var i = 0; i < Math.trunc(pts.length / 2); i++) {
            var j = pts.length - 1 - i;
            var comp = pts[i].compareTo(pts[j]);
            if (comp !== 0) { return comp }
          }
          return 1
        };
        CoordinateArrays.compare = function compare (pts1, pts2) {
          var i = 0;
          while (i < pts1.length && i < pts2.length) {
            var compare = pts1[i].compareTo(pts2[i]);
            if (compare !== 0) { return compare }
            i++;
          }
          if (i < pts2.length) { return -1 }
          if (i < pts1.length) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };
        CoordinateArrays.minCoordinate = function minCoordinate (coordinates) {
          var minCoord = null;
          for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; i++) {
            if (minCoord === null || minCoord.compareTo(coordinates[i]) > 0) {
              minCoord = coordinates[i];
            }
          }
          return minCoord
        };
        CoordinateArrays.extract = function extract (pts, start, end) {
          start = MathUtil.clamp(start, 0, pts.length);
          end = MathUtil.clamp(end, -1, pts.length);
          var npts = end - start + 1;
          if (end < 0) { npts = 0; }
          if (start >= pts.length) { npts = 0; }
          if (end < start) { npts = 0; }
          var extractPts = new Array(npts).fill(null);
          if (npts === 0) { return extractPts }
          var iPts = 0;
          for (var i = start; i <= end; i++) {
            extractPts[iPts++] = pts[i];
          }
          return extractPts
        };

        Object.defineProperties( CoordinateArrays, staticAccessors$13 );

        var ForwardComparator = function ForwardComparator () {};

        ForwardComparator.prototype.compare = function compare (o1, o2) {
          var pts1 = o1;
          var pts2 = o2;
          return CoordinateArrays.compare(pts1, pts2)
        };
        ForwardComparator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparator]
        };
        ForwardComparator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return ForwardComparator
        };

        var BidirectionalComparator = function BidirectionalComparator () {};

        BidirectionalComparator.prototype.compare = function compare (o1, o2) {
          var pts1 = o1;
          var pts2 = o2;
          if (pts1.length < pts2.length) { return -1 }
          if (pts1.length > pts2.length) { return 1 }
          if (pts1.length === 0) { return 0 }
          var forwardComp = CoordinateArrays.compare(pts1, pts2);
          var isEqualRev = CoordinateArrays.isEqualReversed(pts1, pts2);
          if (isEqualRev) { return 0 }
          return forwardComp
        };
        BidirectionalComparator.prototype.OLDcompare = function OLDcompare (o1, o2) {
          var pts1 = o1;
          var pts2 = o2;
          if (pts1.length < pts2.length) { return -1 }
          if (pts1.length > pts2.length) { return 1 }
          if (pts1.length === 0) { return 0 }
          var dir1 = CoordinateArrays.increasingDirection(pts1);
          var dir2 = CoordinateArrays.increasingDirection(pts2);
          var i1 = dir1 > 0 ? 0 : pts1.length - 1;
          var i2 = dir2 > 0 ? 0 : pts1.length - 1;
          for (var i = 0; i < pts1.length; i++) {
            var comparePt = pts1[i1].compareTo(pts2[i2]);
            if (comparePt !== 0) { return comparePt }
            i1 += dir1;
            i2 += dir2;
          }
          return 0
        };
        BidirectionalComparator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparator]
        };
        BidirectionalComparator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BidirectionalComparator
        };

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Map.html
         *
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var Map$1$1 = function Map () {};

        Map$1$1.prototype.get = function get () {};
        /**
         * Associates the specified value with the specified key in this map (optional
         * operation).
         * @param {Object} key
         * @param {Object} value
         * @return {Object}
         */
        Map$1$1.prototype.put = function put () {};

        /**
         * Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map.
         * @return {number}
         */
        Map$1$1.prototype.size = function size () {};

        /**
         * Returns a Collection view of the values contained in this map.
         * @return {javascript.util.Collection}
         */
        Map$1$1.prototype.values = function values () {};

        /**
         * Returns a {@link Set} view of the mappings contained in this map.
         * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
         * reflected in the set, and vice-versa.If the map is modified
         * while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through
         * the iterator's own <tt>remove</tt> operation, or through the
         * <tt>setValue</tt> operation on a map entry returned by the
         * iterator) the results of the iteration are undefined.The set
         * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding
         * mapping from the map, via the <tt>Iterator.remove</tt>,
         * <tt>Set.remove</tt>, <tt>removeAll</tt>, <tt>retainAll</tt> and
         * <tt>clear</tt> operations.It does not support the
         * <tt>add</tt> or <tt>addAll</tt> operations.
         *
         * @return {Set} a set view of the mappings contained in this map
         */
        Map$1$1.prototype.entrySet = function entrySet () {};

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/SortedMap.html
         *
         * @extends {Map}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var SortedMap = (function (Map) {
                function SortedMap () {
                        Map.apply(this, arguments);
                }if ( Map ) { SortedMap.__proto__ = Map; }
                SortedMap.prototype = Object.create( Map && Map.prototype );
                SortedMap.prototype.constructor = SortedMap;

                

                return SortedMap;
        }(Map$1$1));

        /**
         * @param {string=} message Optional message
         * @extends {Error}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        function OperationNotSupported (message) {
          this.message = message || '';
        }
        OperationNotSupported.prototype = new Error();

        /**
         * @type {string}
         */
        OperationNotSupported.prototype.name = 'OperationNotSupported';

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Set.html
         *
         * @extends {Collection}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        function Set$2() {}
        Set$2.prototype = new Collection();


        /**
         * Returns true if this set contains the specified element. More formally,
         * returns true if and only if this set contains an element e such that (o==null ?
         * e==null : o.equals(e)).
         * @param {Object} e
         * @return {boolean}
         */
        Set$2.prototype.contains = function() {};

        /**
         * @see http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/HashSet.html
         *
         * @extends {javascript.util.Set}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var HashSet = (function (Set$$1) {
          function HashSet () {
            Set$$1.call(this);
            this.array_ = [];

            if (arguments[0] instanceof Collection) {
              this.addAll(arguments[0]);
            }
          }

          if ( Set$$1 ) { HashSet.__proto__ = Set$$1; }
          HashSet.prototype = Object.create( Set$$1 && Set$$1.prototype );
          HashSet.prototype.constructor = HashSet;

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashSet.prototype.contains = function contains (o) {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
              var e = this$1.array_[i];
              if (e === o) {
                return true
              }
            }
            return false
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashSet.prototype.add = function add (o) {
            if (this.contains(o)) {
              return false
            }

            this.array_.push(o);

            return true
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashSet.prototype.addAll = function addAll (c) {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = c.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              this$1.add(i.next());
            }
            return true
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashSet.prototype.remove = function remove (o) {
            // throw new javascript.util.OperationNotSupported()
            throw new Error()
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashSet.prototype.size = function size () {
            return this.array_.length
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashSet.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
            return this.array_.length === 0
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashSet.prototype.toArray = function toArray () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];

            for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
              array.push(this$1.array_[i]);
            }

            return array
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashSet.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
            return new Iterator_$1(this)
          };

          return HashSet;
        }(Set$2));

        /**
           * @extends {Iterator}
           * @param {HashSet} hashSet
           * @constructor
           * @private
           */
        var Iterator_$1 = (function (Iterator$$1) {
          function Iterator_ (hashSet) {
            Iterator$$1.call(this);
            /**
             * @type {HashSet}
             * @private
             */
            this.hashSet_ = hashSet;
            /**
             * @type {number}
             * @private
             */
            this.position_ = 0;
          }

          if ( Iterator$$1 ) { Iterator_.__proto__ = Iterator$$1; }
          Iterator_.prototype = Object.create( Iterator$$1 && Iterator$$1.prototype );
          Iterator_.prototype.constructor = Iterator_;

          /**
           * @override
           */
          Iterator_.prototype.next = function next () {
            if (this.position_ === this.hashSet_.size()) {
              throw new NoSuchElementException()
            }
            return this.hashSet_.array_[this.position_++]
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          Iterator_.prototype.hasNext = function hasNext () {
            if (this.position_ < this.hashSet_.size()) {
              return true
            } else {
              return false
            }
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          Iterator_.prototype.remove = function remove () {
            throw new OperationNotSupported()
          };

          return Iterator_;
        }(Iterator$1));

        var BLACK = 0;
        var RED = 1;
        function colorOf (p) { return (p === null ? BLACK : p.color) }
        function parentOf (p) { return (p === null ? null : p.parent) }
        function setColor (p, c) { if (p !== null) { p.color = c; } }
        function leftOf (p) { return (p === null ? null : p.left) }
        function rightOf (p) { return (p === null ? null : p.right) }

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/TreeMap.html
         *
         * @extends {SortedMap}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        function TreeMap () {
          /**
           * @type {Object}
           * @private
           */
          this.root_ = null;
          /**
           * @type {number}
           * @private
          */
          this.size_ = 0;
        }
        TreeMap.prototype = new SortedMap();

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeMap.prototype.get = function (key) {
          var p = this.root_;
          while (p !== null) {
            var cmp = key['compareTo'](p.key);
            if (cmp < 0) { p = p.left; }
            else if (cmp > 0) { p = p.right; }
            else { return p.value }
          }
          return null
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeMap.prototype.put = function (key, value) {
          if (this.root_ === null) {
            this.root_ = {
              key: key,
              value: value,
              left: null,
              right: null,
              parent: null,
              color: BLACK,
              getValue: function getValue () { return this.value },
              getKey: function getKey () { return this.key }
            };
            this.size_ = 1;
            return null
          }
          var t = this.root_;
          var parent;
          var cmp;
          do {
            parent = t;
            cmp = key['compareTo'](t.key);
            if (cmp < 0) {
              t = t.left;
            } else if (cmp > 0) {
              t = t.right;
            } else {
              var oldValue = t.value;
              t.value = value;
              return oldValue
            }
          } while (t !== null)
          var e = {
            key: key,
            left: null,
            right: null,
            value: value,
            parent: parent,
            color: BLACK,
            getValue: function getValue () { return this.value },
            getKey: function getKey () { return this.key }
          };
          if (cmp < 0) {
            parent.left = e;
          } else {
            parent.right = e;
          }
          this.fixAfterInsertion(e);
          this.size_++;
          return null
        };

        /**
         * @param {Object} x
         */
        TreeMap.prototype.fixAfterInsertion = function (x) {
          var this$1 = this;

          x.color = RED;
          while (x != null && x !== this.root_ && x.parent.color === RED) {
            if (parentOf(x) === leftOf(parentOf(parentOf(x)))) {
              var y = rightOf(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
              if (colorOf(y) === RED) {
                setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
                setColor(y, BLACK);
                setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
                x = parentOf(parentOf(x));
              } else {
                if (x === rightOf(parentOf(x))) {
                  x = parentOf(x);
                  this$1.rotateLeft(x);
                }
                setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
                setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
                this$1.rotateRight(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
              }
            } else {
              var y$1 = leftOf(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
              if (colorOf(y$1) === RED) {
                setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
                setColor(y$1, BLACK);
                setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
                x = parentOf(parentOf(x));
              } else {
                if (x === leftOf(parentOf(x))) {
                  x = parentOf(x);
                  this$1.rotateRight(x);
                }
                setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
                setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
                this$1.rotateLeft(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
              }
            }
          }
          this.root_.color = BLACK;
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeMap.prototype.values = function () {
          var arrayList = new ArrayList();
          var p = this.getFirstEntry();
          if (p !== null) {
            arrayList.add(p.value);
            while ((p = TreeMap.successor(p)) !== null) {
              arrayList.add(p.value);
            }
          }
          return arrayList
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeMap.prototype.entrySet = function () {
          var hashSet = new HashSet();
          var p = this.getFirstEntry();
          if (p !== null) {
            hashSet.add(p);
            while ((p = TreeMap.successor(p)) !== null) {
              hashSet.add(p);
            }
          }
          return hashSet
        };

        /**
         * @param {Object} p
         */
        TreeMap.prototype.rotateLeft = function (p) {
          if (p != null) {
            var r = p.right;
            p.right = r.left;
            if (r.left != null) { r.left.parent = p; }
            r.parent = p.parent;
            if (p.parent === null) { this.root_ = r; } else if (p.parent.left === p) { p.parent.left = r; } else { p.parent.right = r; }
            r.left = p;
            p.parent = r;
          }
        };

        /**
         * @param {Object} p
         */
        TreeMap.prototype.rotateRight = function (p) {
          if (p != null) {
            var l = p.left;
            p.left = l.right;
            if (l.right != null) { l.right.parent = p; }
            l.parent = p.parent;
            if (p.parent === null) { this.root_ = l; } else if (p.parent.right === p) { p.parent.right = l; } else { p.parent.left = l; }
            l.right = p;
            p.parent = l;
          }
        };

        /**
         * @return {Object}
         */
        TreeMap.prototype.getFirstEntry = function () {
          var p = this.root_;
          if (p != null) {
            while (p.left != null) {
              p = p.left;
            }
          }
          return p
        };

        /**
         * @param {Object} t
         * @return {Object}
         * @private
         */
        TreeMap.successor = function (t) {
          if (t === null) { return null } else if (t.right !== null) {
            var p = t.right;
            while (p.left !== null) {
              p = p.left;
            }
            return p
          } else {
            var p$1 = t.parent;
            var ch = t;
            while (p$1 !== null && ch === p$1.right) {
              ch = p$1;
              p$1 = p$1.parent;
            }
            return p$1
          }
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeMap.prototype.size = function () {
          return this.size_
        };

        var Lineal = function Lineal () {};

        Lineal.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Lineal.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Lineal
        };

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/SortedSet.html
         *
         * @extends {Set}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        function SortedSet () {}
        SortedSet.prototype = new Set$2();

        // import Iterator from './Iterator'
        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/TreeSet.html
         *
         * @extends {SortedSet}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        function TreeSet () {
          /**
           * @type {Array}
           * @private
          */
          this.array_ = [];

          if (arguments[0] instanceof Collection) {
            this.addAll(arguments[0]);
          }
        }
        TreeSet.prototype = new SortedSet();

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeSet.prototype.contains = function (o) {
          var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
            var e = this$1.array_[i];
            if (e['compareTo'](o) === 0) {
              return true
            }
          }
          return false
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeSet.prototype.add = function (o) {
          var this$1 = this;

          if (this.contains(o)) {
            return false
          }

          for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
            var e = this$1.array_[i];
            if (e['compareTo'](o) === 1) {
              this$1.array_.splice(i, 0, o);
              return true
            }
          }

          this.array_.push(o);

          return true
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeSet.prototype.addAll = function (c) {
          var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = c.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            this$1.add(i.next());
          }
          return true
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeSet.prototype.remove = function (e) {
          throw new OperationNotSupported()
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeSet.prototype.size = function () {
          return this.array_.length
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeSet.prototype.isEmpty = function () {
          return this.array_.length === 0
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeSet.prototype.toArray = function () {
          var this$1 = this;

          var array = [];

          for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
            array.push(this$1.array_[i]);
          }

          return array
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        TreeSet.prototype.iterator = function () {
          return new Iterator_$2(this)
        };

        /**
         * @extends {javascript.util.Iterator}
         * @param {javascript.util.TreeSet} treeSet
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var Iterator_$2 = function (treeSet) {
          /**
           * @type {javascript.util.TreeSet}
           * @private
           */
          this.treeSet_ = treeSet;
          /**
           * @type {number}
           * @private
           */
          this.position_ = 0;
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        Iterator_$2.prototype.next = function () {
          if (this.position_ === this.treeSet_.size()) {
            throw new NoSuchElementException()
          }
          return this.treeSet_.array_[this.position_++]
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        Iterator_$2.prototype.hasNext = function () {
          if (this.position_ < this.treeSet_.size()) {
            return true
          } else {
            return false
          }
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        Iterator_$2.prototype.remove = function () {
          throw new OperationNotSupported()
        };

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Arrays.html
         *
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var Arrays = function Arrays () {};

        Arrays.sort = function sort () {
          var a = arguments[0];
          var i;
          var t;
          var comparator;
          var compare;
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            compare = function (a, b) {
              return a.compareTo(b)
            };
            a.sort(compare);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            comparator = arguments[1];
            compare = function (a, b) {
              return comparator['compare'](a, b)
            };
            a.sort(compare);
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            t = a.slice(arguments[1], arguments[2]);
            t.sort();
            var r = a.slice(0, arguments[1]).concat(t, a.slice(arguments[2], a.length));
            a.splice(0, a.length);
            for (i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
              a.push(r[i]);
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            t = a.slice(arguments[1], arguments[2]);
            comparator = arguments[3];
            compare = function (a, b) {
              return comparator['compare'](a, b)
            };
            t.sort(compare);
            r = a.slice(0, arguments[1]).concat(t, a.slice(arguments[2], a.length));
            a.splice(0, a.length);
            for (i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
              a.push(r[i]);
            }
          }
        };
        /**
         * @param {Array} array
         * @return {ArrayList}
         */
        Arrays.asList = function asList (array) {
          var arrayList = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = 0, len = array.length; i < len; i++) {
            arrayList.add(array[i]);
          }
          return arrayList
        };

        var Dimension = function Dimension () {};

        var staticAccessors$14 = { P: { configurable: true },L: { configurable: true },A: { configurable: true },FALSE: { configurable: true },TRUE: { configurable: true },DONTCARE: { configurable: true },SYM_FALSE: { configurable: true },SYM_TRUE: { configurable: true },SYM_DONTCARE: { configurable: true },SYM_P: { configurable: true },SYM_L: { configurable: true },SYM_A: { configurable: true } };

        staticAccessors$14.P.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors$14.L.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$14.A.get = function () { return 2 };
        staticAccessors$14.FALSE.get = function () { return -1 };
        staticAccessors$14.TRUE.get = function () { return -2 };
        staticAccessors$14.DONTCARE.get = function () { return -3 };
        staticAccessors$14.SYM_FALSE.get = function () { return 'F' };
        staticAccessors$14.SYM_TRUE.get = function () { return 'T' };
        staticAccessors$14.SYM_DONTCARE.get = function () { return '*' };
        staticAccessors$14.SYM_P.get = function () { return '0' };
        staticAccessors$14.SYM_L.get = function () { return '1' };
        staticAccessors$14.SYM_A.get = function () { return '2' };

        Dimension.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Dimension.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Dimension
        };
        Dimension.toDimensionSymbol = function toDimensionSymbol (dimensionValue) {
          switch (dimensionValue) {
            case Dimension.FALSE:
              return Dimension.SYM_FALSE
            case Dimension.TRUE:
              return Dimension.SYM_TRUE
            case Dimension.DONTCARE:
              return Dimension.SYM_DONTCARE
            case Dimension.P:
              return Dimension.SYM_P
            case Dimension.L:
              return Dimension.SYM_L
            case Dimension.A:
              return Dimension.SYM_A
          }
          throw new IllegalArgumentException('Unknown dimension value: ' + dimensionValue)
        };
        Dimension.toDimensionValue = function toDimensionValue (dimensionSymbol) {
          switch (Character.toUpperCase(dimensionSymbol)) {
            case Dimension.SYM_FALSE:
              return Dimension.FALSE
            case Dimension.SYM_TRUE:
              return Dimension.TRUE
            case Dimension.SYM_DONTCARE:
              return Dimension.DONTCARE
            case Dimension.SYM_P:
              return Dimension.P
            case Dimension.SYM_L:
              return Dimension.L
            case Dimension.SYM_A:
              return Dimension.A
          }
          throw new IllegalArgumentException('Unknown dimension symbol: ' + dimensionSymbol)
        };

        Object.defineProperties( Dimension, staticAccessors$14 );

        var GeometryFilter = function GeometryFilter () {};

        GeometryFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {};
        GeometryFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GeometryFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryFilter
        };

        var CoordinateSequenceFilter = function CoordinateSequenceFilter () {};

        CoordinateSequenceFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (seq, i) {};
        CoordinateSequenceFilter.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {};
        CoordinateSequenceFilter.prototype.isGeometryChanged = function isGeometryChanged () {};
        CoordinateSequenceFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        CoordinateSequenceFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CoordinateSequenceFilter
        };

        var GeometryCollection = (function (Geometry$$1) {
          function GeometryCollection (geometries, factory) {
            Geometry$$1.call(this, factory);
            this._geometries = geometries || [];

            if (Geometry$$1.hasNullElements(this._geometries)) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException('geometries must not contain null elements')
            }
          }

          if ( Geometry$$1 ) { GeometryCollection.__proto__ = Geometry$$1; }
          GeometryCollection.prototype = Object.create( Geometry$$1 && Geometry$$1.prototype );
          GeometryCollection.prototype.constructor = GeometryCollection;

          var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.computeEnvelopeInternal = function computeEnvelopeInternal () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var envelope = new Envelope();
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              envelope.expandToInclude(this$1._geometries[i].getEnvelopeInternal());
            }
            return envelope
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getGeometryN = function getGeometryN (n) {
            return this._geometries[n]
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
            return Geometry$$1.SORTINDEX_GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var coordinates = new Array(this.getNumPoints()).fill(null);
            var k = -1;
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              var childCoordinates = this$1._geometries[i].getCoordinates();
              for (var j = 0; j < childCoordinates.length; j++) {
                k++;
                coordinates[k] = childCoordinates[j];
              }
            }
            return coordinates
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getArea = function getArea () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var area = 0.0;
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              area += this$1._geometries[i].getArea();
            }
            return area
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              var tolerance = arguments[1];
              if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
                return false
              }
              var otherCollection = other;
              if (this._geometries.length !== otherCollection._geometries.length) {
                return false
              }
              for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
                if (!this$1._geometries[i].equalsExact(otherCollection._geometries[i], tolerance)) {
                  return false
                }
              }
              return true
            } else { return Geometry$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              this$1._geometries[i].normalize();
            }
            Arrays.sort(this._geometries);
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
            if (this.isEmpty()) { return null }
            return this._geometries[0].getCoordinate()
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var dimension = Dimension.FALSE;
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              dimension = Math.max(dimension, this$1._geometries[i].getBoundaryDimension());
            }
            return dimension
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var dimension = Dimension.FALSE;
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              dimension = Math.max(dimension, this$1._geometries[i].getDimension());
            }
            return dimension
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getLength = function getLength () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var sum = 0.0;
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              sum += this$1._geometries[i].getLength();
            }
            return sum
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getNumPoints = function getNumPoints () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var numPoints = 0;
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              numPoints += this$1._geometries[i].getNumPoints();
            }
            return numPoints
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getNumGeometries = function getNumGeometries () {
            return this._geometries.length
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var n = this._geometries.length;
            var revGeoms = new Array(n).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              revGeoms[i] = this$1._geometries[i].reverse();
            }
            return this.getFactory().createGeometryCollection(revGeoms)
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.compareToSameClass = function compareToSameClass () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var o = arguments[0];
              var theseElements = new TreeSet(Arrays.asList(this._geometries));
              var otherElements = new TreeSet(Arrays.asList(o._geometries));
              return this.compare(theseElements, otherElements)
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var o$1 = arguments[0];
              var comp = arguments[1];
              var gc = o$1;
              var n1 = this.getNumGeometries();
              var n2 = gc.getNumGeometries();
              var i = 0;
              while (i < n1 && i < n2) {
                var thisGeom = this$1.getGeometryN(i);
                var otherGeom = gc.getGeometryN(i);
                var holeComp = thisGeom.compareToSameClass(otherGeom, comp);
                if (holeComp !== 0) { return holeComp }
                i++;
              }
              if (i < n1) { return 1 }
              if (i < n2) { return -1 }
              return 0
            }
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.apply = function apply () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateFilter)) {
              var filter = arguments[0];
              for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
                this$1._geometries[i].apply(filter);
              }
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequenceFilter)) {
              var filter$1 = arguments[0];
              if (this._geometries.length === 0) { return null }
              for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < this._geometries.length; i$1++) {
                this$1._geometries[i$1].apply(filter$1);
                if (filter$1.isDone()) {
                  break
                }
              }
              if (filter$1.isGeometryChanged()) { this.geometryChanged(); }
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryFilter)) {
              var filter$2 = arguments[0];
              filter$2.filter(this);
              for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < this._geometries.length; i$2++) {
                this$1._geometries[i$2].apply(filter$2);
              }
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryComponentFilter)) {
              var filter$3 = arguments[0];
              filter$3.filter(this);
              for (var i$3 = 0; i$3 < this._geometries.length; i$3++) {
                this$1._geometries[i$3].apply(filter$3);
              }
            }
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
            this.checkNotGeometryCollection(this);
            Assert.shouldNeverReachHere();
            return null
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.clone = function clone () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var gc = Geometry$$1.prototype.clone.call(this);
            gc._geometries = new Array(this._geometries.length).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              gc._geometries[i] = this$1._geometries[i].clone();
            }
            return gc
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
            return 'GeometryCollection'
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.copy = function copy () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var geometries = new Array(this._geometries.length).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < geometries.length; i++) {
              geometries[i] = this$1._geometries[i].copy();
            }
            return new GeometryCollection(geometries, this._factory)
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              if (!this$1._geometries[i].isEmpty()) {
                return false
              }
            }
            return true
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          GeometryCollection.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return GeometryCollection
          };
          staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -5694727726395021467 };

          Object.defineProperties( GeometryCollection, staticAccessors );

          return GeometryCollection;
        }(Geometry));

        var MultiLineString = (function (GeometryCollection$$1) {
          function MultiLineString () {
            GeometryCollection$$1.apply(this, arguments);
          }

          if ( GeometryCollection$$1 ) { MultiLineString.__proto__ = GeometryCollection$$1; }
          MultiLineString.prototype = Object.create( GeometryCollection$$1 && GeometryCollection$$1.prototype );
          MultiLineString.prototype.constructor = MultiLineString;

          var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };

          MultiLineString.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
            return Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTILINESTRING
          };
          MultiLineString.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              var tolerance = arguments[1];
              if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
                return false
              }
              return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.call(this, other, tolerance)
            } else { return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          MultiLineString.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
            if (this.isClosed()) {
              return Dimension.FALSE
            }
            return 0
          };
          MultiLineString.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return false
            }
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              if (!this$1._geometries[i].isClosed()) {
                return false
              }
            }
            return true
          };
          MultiLineString.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
            return 1
          };
          MultiLineString.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var nLines = this._geometries.length;
            var revLines = new Array(nLines).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              revLines[nLines - 1 - i] = this$1._geometries[i].reverse();
            }
            return this.getFactory().createMultiLineString(revLines)
          };
          MultiLineString.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
            return new BoundaryOp(this).getBoundary()
          };
          MultiLineString.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
            return 'MultiLineString'
          };
          MultiLineString.prototype.copy = function copy () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var lineStrings = new Array(this._geometries.length).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < lineStrings.length; i++) {
              lineStrings[i] = this$1._geometries[i].copy();
            }
            return new MultiLineString(lineStrings, this._factory)
          };
          MultiLineString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return [Lineal]
          };
          MultiLineString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return MultiLineString
          };
          staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 8166665132445433741 };

          Object.defineProperties( MultiLineString, staticAccessors );

          return MultiLineString;
        }(GeometryCollection));

        var BoundaryOp = function BoundaryOp () {
          this._geom = null;
          this._geomFact = null;
          this._bnRule = null;
          this._endpointMap = null;
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geom = arguments[0];
            var bnRule = BoundaryNodeRule.MOD2_BOUNDARY_RULE;
            this._geom = geom;
            this._geomFact = geom.getFactory();
            this._bnRule = bnRule;
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var geom$1 = arguments[0];
            var bnRule$1 = arguments[1];
            this._geom = geom$1;
            this._geomFact = geom$1.getFactory();
            this._bnRule = bnRule$1;
          }
        };
        BoundaryOp.prototype.boundaryMultiLineString = function boundaryMultiLineString (mLine) {
          if (this._geom.isEmpty()) {
            return this.getEmptyMultiPoint()
          }
          var bdyPts = this.computeBoundaryCoordinates(mLine);
          if (bdyPts.length === 1) {
            return this._geomFact.createPoint(bdyPts[0])
          }
          return this._geomFact.createMultiPointFromCoords(bdyPts)
        };
        BoundaryOp.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
          if (this._geom instanceof LineString) { return this.boundaryLineString(this._geom) }
          if (this._geom instanceof MultiLineString) { return this.boundaryMultiLineString(this._geom) }
          return this._geom.getBoundary()
        };
        BoundaryOp.prototype.boundaryLineString = function boundaryLineString (line) {
          if (this._geom.isEmpty()) {
            return this.getEmptyMultiPoint()
          }
          if (line.isClosed()) {
            var closedEndpointOnBoundary = this._bnRule.isInBoundary(2);
            if (closedEndpointOnBoundary) {
              return line.getStartPoint()
            } else {
              return this._geomFact.createMultiPoint()
            }
          }
          return this._geomFact.createMultiPoint([line.getStartPoint(), line.getEndPoint()])
        };
        BoundaryOp.prototype.getEmptyMultiPoint = function getEmptyMultiPoint () {
          return this._geomFact.createMultiPoint()
        };
        BoundaryOp.prototype.computeBoundaryCoordinates = function computeBoundaryCoordinates (mLine) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var bdyPts = new ArrayList();
          this._endpointMap = new TreeMap();
          for (var i = 0; i < mLine.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var line = mLine.getGeometryN(i);
            if (line.getNumPoints() === 0) { continue }
            this$1.addEndpoint(line.getCoordinateN(0));
            this$1.addEndpoint(line.getCoordinateN(line.getNumPoints() - 1));
          }
          for (var it = this._endpointMap.entrySet().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var entry = it.next();
            var counter = entry.getValue();
            var valence = counter.count;
            if (this$1._bnRule.isInBoundary(valence)) {
              bdyPts.add(entry.getKey());
            }
          }
          return CoordinateArrays.toCoordinateArray(bdyPts)
        };
        BoundaryOp.prototype.addEndpoint = function addEndpoint (pt) {
          var counter = this._endpointMap.get(pt);
          if (counter === null) {
            counter = new Counter();
            this._endpointMap.put(pt, counter);
          }
          counter.count++;
        };
        BoundaryOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        BoundaryOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BoundaryOp
        };
        BoundaryOp.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var g = arguments[0];
            var bop = new BoundaryOp(g);
            return bop.getBoundary()
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var g$1 = arguments[0];
            var bnRule = arguments[1];
            var bop$1 = new BoundaryOp(g$1, bnRule);
            return bop$1.getBoundary()
          }
        };

        var Counter = function Counter () {
          this.count = null;
        };
        Counter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Counter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Counter
        };

        // boundary

        function PrintStream () {}

        function StringReader () {}

        var DecimalFormat = function DecimalFormat () {};

        function ByteArrayOutputStream () {}

        function IOException () {}

        function LineNumberReader () {}

        var StringUtil = function StringUtil () {};

        var staticAccessors$15 = { NEWLINE: { configurable: true },SIMPLE_ORDINATE_FORMAT: { configurable: true } };

        StringUtil.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        StringUtil.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return StringUtil
        };
        StringUtil.chars = function chars (c, n) {
          var ch = new Array(n).fill(null);
          for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            ch[i] = c;
          }
          return String(ch)
        };
        StringUtil.getStackTrace = function getStackTrace () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var t = arguments[0];
            var os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            var ps = new PrintStream(os);
            t.printStackTrace(ps);
            return os.toString()
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var t$1 = arguments[0];
            var depth = arguments[1];
            var stackTrace = '';
            var stringReader = new StringReader(StringUtil.getStackTrace(t$1));
            var lineNumberReader = new LineNumberReader(stringReader);
            for (var i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
              try {
                stackTrace += lineNumberReader.readLine() + StringUtil.NEWLINE;
              } catch (e) {
                if (e instanceof IOException) {
                  Assert.shouldNeverReachHere();
                } else { throw e }
              } finally {}
            }
            return stackTrace
          }
        };
        StringUtil.split = function split (s, separator) {
          var separatorlen = separator.length;
          var tokenList = new ArrayList();
          var tmpString = '' + s;
          var pos = tmpString.indexOf(separator);
          while (pos >= 0) {
            var token = tmpString.substring(0, pos);
            tokenList.add(token);
            tmpString = tmpString.substring(pos + separatorlen);
            pos = tmpString.indexOf(separator);
          }
          if (tmpString.length > 0) { tokenList.add(tmpString); }
          var res = new Array(tokenList.size()).fill(null);
          for (var i = 0; i < res.length; i++) {
            res[i] = tokenList.get(i);
          }
          return res
        };
        StringUtil.toString = function toString () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var d = arguments[0];
            return StringUtil.SIMPLE_ORDINATE_FORMAT.format(d)
          }
        };
        StringUtil.spaces = function spaces (n) {
          return StringUtil.chars(' ', n)
        };
        staticAccessors$15.NEWLINE.get = function () { return System.getProperty('line.separator') };
        staticAccessors$15.SIMPLE_ORDINATE_FORMAT.get = function () { return new DecimalFormat('0.#') };

        Object.defineProperties( StringUtil, staticAccessors$15 );

        var CoordinateSequences = function CoordinateSequences () {};

        CoordinateSequences.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        CoordinateSequences.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CoordinateSequences
        };
        CoordinateSequences.copyCoord = function copyCoord (src, srcPos, dest, destPos) {
          var minDim = Math.min(src.getDimension(), dest.getDimension());
          for (var dim = 0; dim < minDim; dim++) {
            dest.setOrdinate(destPos, dim, src.getOrdinate(srcPos, dim));
          }
        };
        CoordinateSequences.isRing = function isRing (seq) {
          var n = seq.size();
          if (n === 0) { return true }
          if (n <= 3) { return false }
          return seq.getOrdinate(0, CoordinateSequence.X) === seq.getOrdinate(n - 1, CoordinateSequence.X) && seq.getOrdinate(0, CoordinateSequence.Y) === seq.getOrdinate(n - 1, CoordinateSequence.Y)
        };
        CoordinateSequences.isEqual = function isEqual (cs1, cs2) {
          var cs1Size = cs1.size();
          var cs2Size = cs2.size();
          if (cs1Size !== cs2Size) { return false }
          var dim = Math.min(cs1.getDimension(), cs2.getDimension());
          for (var i = 0; i < cs1Size; i++) {
            for (var d = 0; d < dim; d++) {
              var v1 = cs1.getOrdinate(i, d);
              var v2 = cs2.getOrdinate(i, d);
              if (cs1.getOrdinate(i, d) === cs2.getOrdinate(i, d)) { continue }
              if (Double.isNaN(v1) && Double.isNaN(v2)) { continue }
              return false
            }
          }
          return true
        };
        CoordinateSequences.extend = function extend (fact, seq, size) {
          var newseq = fact.create(size, seq.getDimension());
          var n = seq.size();
          CoordinateSequences.copy(seq, 0, newseq, 0, n);
          if (n > 0) {
            for (var i = n; i < size; i++) { CoordinateSequences.copy(seq, n - 1, newseq, i, 1); }
          }
          return newseq
        };
        CoordinateSequences.reverse = function reverse (seq) {
          var last = seq.size() - 1;
          var mid = Math.trunc(last / 2);
          for (var i = 0; i <= mid; i++) {
            CoordinateSequences.swap(seq, i, last - i);
          }
        };
        CoordinateSequences.swap = function swap (seq, i, j) {
          if (i === j) { return null }
          for (var dim = 0; dim < seq.getDimension(); dim++) {
            var tmp = seq.getOrdinate(i, dim);
            seq.setOrdinate(i, dim, seq.getOrdinate(j, dim));
            seq.setOrdinate(j, dim, tmp);
          }
        };
        CoordinateSequences.copy = function copy (src, srcPos, dest, destPos, length) {
          for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            CoordinateSequences.copyCoord(src, srcPos + i, dest, destPos + i);
          }
        };
        CoordinateSequences.toString = function toString () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var cs = arguments[0];
            var size = cs.size();
            if (size === 0) { return '()' }
            var dim = cs.getDimension();
            var buf = new StringBuffer();
            buf.append('(');
            for (var i = 0; i < size; i++) {
              if (i > 0) { buf.append(' '); }
              for (var d = 0; d < dim; d++) {
                if (d > 0) { buf.append(','); }
                buf.append(StringUtil.toString(cs.getOrdinate(i, d)));
              }
            }
            buf.append(')');
            return buf.toString()
          }
        };
        CoordinateSequences.ensureValidRing = function ensureValidRing (fact, seq) {
          var n = seq.size();
          if (n === 0) { return seq }
          if (n <= 3) { return CoordinateSequences.createClosedRing(fact, seq, 4) }
          var isClosed = seq.getOrdinate(0, CoordinateSequence.X) === seq.getOrdinate(n - 1, CoordinateSequence.X) && seq.getOrdinate(0, CoordinateSequence.Y) === seq.getOrdinate(n - 1, CoordinateSequence.Y);
          if (isClosed) { return seq }
          return CoordinateSequences.createClosedRing(fact, seq, n + 1)
        };
        CoordinateSequences.createClosedRing = function createClosedRing (fact, seq, size) {
          var newseq = fact.create(size, seq.getDimension());
          var n = seq.size();
          CoordinateSequences.copy(seq, 0, newseq, 0, n);
          for (var i = n; i < size; i++) { CoordinateSequences.copy(seq, 0, newseq, i, 1); }
          return newseq
        };

        var LineString = (function (Geometry$$1) {
          function LineString (points, factory) {
            Geometry$$1.call(this, factory);
            this._points = null;
            this.init(points);
          }

          if ( Geometry$$1 ) { LineString.__proto__ = Geometry$$1; }
          LineString.prototype = Object.create( Geometry$$1 && Geometry$$1.prototype );
          LineString.prototype.constructor = LineString;

          var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
          LineString.prototype.computeEnvelopeInternal = function computeEnvelopeInternal () {
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return new Envelope()
            }
            return this._points.expandEnvelope(new Envelope())
          };
          LineString.prototype.isRing = function isRing () {
            return this.isClosed() && this.isSimple()
          };
          LineString.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
            return Geometry$$1.SORTINDEX_LINESTRING
          };
          LineString.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
            return this._points.toCoordinateArray()
          };
          LineString.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              var tolerance = arguments[1];
              if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
                return false
              }
              var otherLineString = other;
              if (this._points.size() !== otherLineString._points.size()) {
                return false
              }
              for (var i = 0; i < this._points.size(); i++) {
                if (!this$1.equal(this$1._points.getCoordinate(i), otherLineString._points.getCoordinate(i), tolerance)) {
                  return false
                }
              }
              return true
            } else { return Geometry$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          LineString.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = 0; i < Math.trunc(this._points.size() / 2); i++) {
              var j = this$1._points.size() - 1 - i;
              if (!this$1._points.getCoordinate(i).equals(this$1._points.getCoordinate(j))) {
                if (this$1._points.getCoordinate(i).compareTo(this$1._points.getCoordinate(j)) > 0) {
                  CoordinateSequences.reverse(this$1._points);
                }
                return null
              }
            }
          };
          LineString.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
            if (this.isEmpty()) { return null }
            return this._points.getCoordinate(0)
          };
          LineString.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
            if (this.isClosed()) {
              return Dimension.FALSE
            }
            return 0
          };
          LineString.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return false
            }
            return this.getCoordinateN(0).equals2D(this.getCoordinateN(this.getNumPoints() - 1))
          };
          LineString.prototype.getEndPoint = function getEndPoint () {
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return null
            }
            return this.getPointN(this.getNumPoints() - 1)
          };
          LineString.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
            return 1
          };
          LineString.prototype.getLength = function getLength () {
            return CGAlgorithms.computeLength(this._points)
          };
          LineString.prototype.getNumPoints = function getNumPoints () {
            return this._points.size()
          };
          LineString.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
            var seq = this._points.copy();
            CoordinateSequences.reverse(seq);
            var revLine = this.getFactory().createLineString(seq);
            return revLine
          };
          LineString.prototype.compareToSameClass = function compareToSameClass () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var o = arguments[0];
              var line = o;
              var i = 0;
              var j = 0;
              while (i < this._points.size() && j < line._points.size()) {
                var comparison = this$1._points.getCoordinate(i).compareTo(line._points.getCoordinate(j));
                if (comparison !== 0) {
                  return comparison
                }
                i++;
                j++;
              }
              if (i < this._points.size()) {
                return 1
              }
              if (j < line._points.size()) {
                return -1
              }
              return 0
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var o$1 = arguments[0];
              var comp = arguments[1];
              var line$1 = o$1;
              return comp.compare(this._points, line$1._points)
            }
          };
          LineString.prototype.apply = function apply () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateFilter)) {
              var filter = arguments[0];
              for (var i = 0; i < this._points.size(); i++) {
                filter.filter(this$1._points.getCoordinate(i));
              }
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequenceFilter)) {
              var filter$1 = arguments[0];
              if (this._points.size() === 0) { return null }
              for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < this._points.size(); i$1++) {
                filter$1.filter(this$1._points, i$1);
                if (filter$1.isDone()) { break }
              }
              if (filter$1.isGeometryChanged()) { this.geometryChanged(); }
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryFilter)) {
              var filter$2 = arguments[0];
              filter$2.filter(this);
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryComponentFilter)) {
              var filter$3 = arguments[0];
              filter$3.filter(this);
            }
          };
          LineString.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
            return new BoundaryOp(this).getBoundary()
          };
          LineString.prototype.isEquivalentClass = function isEquivalentClass (other) {
            return other instanceof LineString
          };
          LineString.prototype.clone = function clone () {
            var ls = Geometry$$1.prototype.clone.call(this);
            ls._points = this._points.clone();
            return ls
          };
          LineString.prototype.getCoordinateN = function getCoordinateN (n) {
            return this._points.getCoordinate(n)
          };
          LineString.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
            return 'LineString'
          };
          LineString.prototype.copy = function copy () {
            return new LineString(this._points.copy(), this._factory)
          };
          LineString.prototype.getCoordinateSequence = function getCoordinateSequence () {
            return this._points
          };
          LineString.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
            return this._points.size() === 0
          };
          LineString.prototype.init = function init (points) {
            if (points === null) {
              points = this.getFactory().getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([]);
            }
            if (points.size() === 1) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException('Invalid number of points in LineString (found ' + points.size() + ' - must be 0 or >= 2)')
            }
            this._points = points;
          };
          LineString.prototype.isCoordinate = function isCoordinate (pt) {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = 0; i < this._points.size(); i++) {
              if (this$1._points.getCoordinate(i).equals(pt)) {
                return true
              }
            }
            return false
          };
          LineString.prototype.getStartPoint = function getStartPoint () {
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return null
            }
            return this.getPointN(0)
          };
          LineString.prototype.getPointN = function getPointN (n) {
            return this.getFactory().createPoint(this._points.getCoordinate(n))
          };
          LineString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return [Lineal]
          };
          LineString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return LineString
          };
          staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 3110669828065365560 };

          Object.defineProperties( LineString, staticAccessors );

          return LineString;
        }(Geometry));

        var Puntal = function Puntal () {};

        Puntal.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Puntal.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Puntal
        };

        var Point$1 = (function (Geometry$$1) {
          function Point (coordinates, factory) {
            Geometry$$1.call(this, factory);
            this._coordinates = coordinates || null;
            this.init(this._coordinates);
          }

          if ( Geometry$$1 ) { Point.__proto__ = Geometry$$1; }
          Point.prototype = Object.create( Geometry$$1 && Geometry$$1.prototype );
          Point.prototype.constructor = Point;

          var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
          Point.prototype.computeEnvelopeInternal = function computeEnvelopeInternal () {
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return new Envelope()
            }
            var env = new Envelope();
            env.expandToInclude(this._coordinates.getX(0), this._coordinates.getY(0));
            return env
          };
          Point.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
            return Geometry$$1.SORTINDEX_POINT
          };
          Point.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
            return this.isEmpty() ? [] : [this.getCoordinate()]
          };
          Point.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              var tolerance = arguments[1];
              if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
                return false
              }
              if (this.isEmpty() && other.isEmpty()) {
                return true
              }
              if (this.isEmpty() !== other.isEmpty()) {
                return false
              }
              return this.equal(other.getCoordinate(), this.getCoordinate(), tolerance)
            } else { return Geometry$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          Point.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {};
          Point.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
            return this._coordinates.size() !== 0 ? this._coordinates.getCoordinate(0) : null
          };
          Point.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
            return Dimension.FALSE
          };
          Point.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
            return 0
          };
          Point.prototype.getNumPoints = function getNumPoints () {
            return this.isEmpty() ? 0 : 1
          };
          Point.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
            return this.copy()
          };
          Point.prototype.getX = function getX () {
            if (this.getCoordinate() === null) {
              throw new Error('getX called on empty Point')
            }
            return this.getCoordinate().x
          };
          Point.prototype.compareToSameClass = function compareToSameClass () {
            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              var point$1 = other;
              return this.getCoordinate().compareTo(point$1.getCoordinate())
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var other$1 = arguments[0];
              var comp = arguments[1];
              var point = other$1;
              return comp.compare(this._coordinates, point._coordinates)
            }
          };
          Point.prototype.apply = function apply () {
            if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateFilter)) {
              var filter = arguments[0];
              if (this.isEmpty()) {
                return null
              }
              filter.filter(this.getCoordinate());
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequenceFilter)) {
              var filter$1 = arguments[0];
              if (this.isEmpty()) { return null }
              filter$1.filter(this._coordinates, 0);
              if (filter$1.isGeometryChanged()) { this.geometryChanged(); }
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryFilter)) {
              var filter$2 = arguments[0];
              filter$2.filter(this);
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], GeometryComponentFilter)) {
              var filter$3 = arguments[0];
              filter$3.filter(this);
            }
          };
          Point.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
            return this.getFactory().createGeometryCollection(null)
          };
          Point.prototype.clone = function clone () {
            var p = Geometry$$1.prototype.clone.call(this);
            p._coordinates = this._coordinates.clone();
            return p
          };
          Point.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
            return 'Point'
          };
          Point.prototype.copy = function copy () {
            return new Point(this._coordinates.copy(), this._factory)
          };
          Point.prototype.getCoordinateSequence = function getCoordinateSequence () {
            return this._coordinates
          };
          Point.prototype.getY = function getY () {
            if (this.getCoordinate() === null) {
              throw new Error('getY called on empty Point')
            }
            return this.getCoordinate().y
          };
          Point.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
            return this._coordinates.size() === 0
          };
          Point.prototype.init = function init (coordinates) {
            if (coordinates === null) {
              coordinates = this.getFactory().getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([]);
            }
            Assert.isTrue(coordinates.size() <= 1);
            this._coordinates = coordinates;
          };
          Point.prototype.isSimple = function isSimple () {
            return true
          };
          Point.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return [Puntal]
          };
          Point.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return Point
          };
          staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 4902022702746614570 };

          Object.defineProperties( Point, staticAccessors );

          return Point;
        }(Geometry));

        var Polygonal = function Polygonal () {};

        Polygonal.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Polygonal.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Polygonal
        };

        var Polygon = (function (Geometry$$1) {
          function Polygon (shell, holes, factory) {
            Geometry$$1.call(this, factory);
            this._shell = null;
            this._holes = null;
            if (shell === null) {
              shell = this.getFactory().createLinearRing();
            }
            if (holes === null) {
              holes = [];
            }
            if (Geometry$$1.hasNullElements(holes)) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException('holes must not contain null elements')
            }
            if (shell.isEmpty() && Geometry$$1.hasNonEmptyElements(holes)) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException('shell is empty but holes are not')
            }
            this._shell = shell;
            this._holes = holes;
          }

          if ( Geometry$$1 ) { Polygon.__proto__ = Geometry$$1; }
          Polygon.prototype = Object.create( Geometry$$1 && Geometry$$1.prototype );
          Polygon.prototype.constructor = Polygon;

          var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
          Polygon.prototype.computeEnvelopeInternal = function computeEnvelopeInternal () {
            return this._shell.getEnvelopeInternal()
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
            return Geometry$$1.SORTINDEX_POLYGON
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return []
            }
            var coordinates = new Array(this.getNumPoints()).fill(null);
            var k = -1;
            var shellCoordinates = this._shell.getCoordinates();
            for (var x = 0; x < shellCoordinates.length; x++) {
              k++;
              coordinates[k] = shellCoordinates[x];
            }
            for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
              var childCoordinates = this$1._holes[i].getCoordinates();
              for (var j = 0; j < childCoordinates.length; j++) {
                k++;
                coordinates[k] = childCoordinates[j];
              }
            }
            return coordinates
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getArea = function getArea () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var area = 0.0;
            area += Math.abs(CGAlgorithms.signedArea(this._shell.getCoordinateSequence()));
            for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
              area -= Math.abs(CGAlgorithms.signedArea(this$1._holes[i].getCoordinateSequence()));
            }
            return area
          };
          Polygon.prototype.isRectangle = function isRectangle () {
            if (this.getNumInteriorRing() !== 0) { return false }
            if (this._shell === null) { return false }
            if (this._shell.getNumPoints() !== 5) { return false }
            var seq = this._shell.getCoordinateSequence();
            var env = this.getEnvelopeInternal();
            for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
              var x = seq.getX(i);
              if (!(x === env.getMinX() || x === env.getMaxX())) { return false }
              var y = seq.getY(i);
              if (!(y === env.getMinY() || y === env.getMaxY())) { return false }
            }
            var prevX = seq.getX(0);
            var prevY = seq.getY(0);
            for (var i$1 = 1; i$1 <= 4; i$1++) {
              var x$1 = seq.getX(i$1);
              var y$1 = seq.getY(i$1);
              var xChanged = x$1 !== prevX;
              var yChanged = y$1 !== prevY;
              if (xChanged === yChanged) { return false }
              prevX = x$1;
              prevY = y$1;
            }
            return true
          };
          Polygon.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              var tolerance = arguments[1];
              if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
                return false
              }
              var otherPolygon = other;
              var thisShell = this._shell;
              var otherPolygonShell = otherPolygon._shell;
              if (!thisShell.equalsExact(otherPolygonShell, tolerance)) {
                return false
              }
              if (this._holes.length !== otherPolygon._holes.length) {
                return false
              }
              for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
                if (!this$1._holes[i].equalsExact(otherPolygon._holes[i], tolerance)) {
                  return false
                }
              }
              return true
            } else { return Geometry$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          Polygon.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 0) {
              this.normalize(this._shell, true);
              for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
                this$1.normalize(this$1._holes[i], false);
              }
              Arrays.sort(this._holes);
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var ring = arguments[0];
              var clockwise = arguments[1];
              if (ring.isEmpty()) {
                return null
              }
              var uniqueCoordinates = new Array(ring.getCoordinates().length - 1).fill(null);
              System.arraycopy(ring.getCoordinates(), 0, uniqueCoordinates, 0, uniqueCoordinates.length);
              var minCoordinate = CoordinateArrays.minCoordinate(ring.getCoordinates());
              CoordinateArrays.scroll(uniqueCoordinates, minCoordinate);
              System.arraycopy(uniqueCoordinates, 0, ring.getCoordinates(), 0, uniqueCoordinates.length);
              ring.getCoordinates()[uniqueCoordinates.length] = uniqueCoordinates[0];
              if (CGAlgorithms.isCCW(ring.getCoordinates()) === clockwise) {
                CoordinateArrays.reverse(ring.getCoordinates());
              }
            }
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
            return this._shell.getCoordinate()
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getNumInteriorRing = function getNumInteriorRing () {
            return this._holes.length
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
            return 1
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
            return 2
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getLength = function getLength () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var len = 0.0;
            len += this._shell.getLength();
            for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
              len += this$1._holes[i].getLength();
            }
            return len
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getNumPoints = function getNumPoints () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var numPoints = this._shell.getNumPoints();
            for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
              numPoints += this$1._holes[i].getNumPoints();
            }
            return numPoints
          };
          Polygon.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var poly = this.copy();
            poly._shell = this._shell.copy().reverse();
            poly._holes = new Array(this._holes.length).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
              poly._holes[i] = this$1._holes[i].copy().reverse();
            }
            return poly
          };
          Polygon.prototype.convexHull = function convexHull () {
            return this.getExteriorRing().convexHull()
          };
          Polygon.prototype.compareToSameClass = function compareToSameClass () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var o = arguments[0];
              var thisShell = this._shell;
              var otherShell = o._shell;
              return thisShell.compareToSameClass(otherShell)
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var o$1 = arguments[0];
              var comp = arguments[1];
              var poly = o$1;
              var thisShell$1 = this._shell;
              var otherShell$1 = poly._shell;
              var shellComp = thisShell$1.compareToSameClass(otherShell$1, comp);
              if (shellComp !== 0) { return shellComp }
              var nHole1 = this.getNumInteriorRing();
              var nHole2 = poly.getNumInteriorRing();
              var i = 0;
              while (i < nHole1 && i < nHole2) {
                var thisHole = this$1.getInteriorRingN(i);
                var otherHole = poly.getInteriorRingN(i);
                var holeComp = thisHole.compareToSameClass(otherHole, comp);
                if (holeComp !== 0) { return holeComp }
                i++;
              }
              if (i < nHole1) { return 1 }
              if (i < nHole2) { return -1 }
              return 0
            }
          };
          Polygon.prototype.apply = function apply (filter) {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (hasInterface(filter, CoordinateFilter)) {
              this._shell.apply(filter);
              for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < this._holes.length; i$1++) {
                this$1._holes[i$1].apply(filter);
              }
            } else if (hasInterface(filter, CoordinateSequenceFilter)) {
              this._shell.apply(filter);
              if (!filter.isDone()) {
                for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < this._holes.length; i$2++) {
                  this$1._holes[i$2].apply(filter);
                  if (filter.isDone()) { break }
                }
              }
              if (filter.isGeometryChanged()) { this.geometryChanged(); }
            } else if (hasInterface(filter, GeometryFilter)) {
              filter.filter(this);
            } else if (hasInterface(filter, GeometryComponentFilter)) {
              filter.filter(this);
              this._shell.apply(filter);
              for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
                this$1._holes[i].apply(filter);
              }
            }
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return this.getFactory().createMultiLineString()
            }
            var rings = new Array(this._holes.length + 1).fill(null);
            rings[0] = this._shell;
            for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
              rings[i + 1] = this$1._holes[i];
            }
            if (rings.length <= 1) { return this.getFactory().createLinearRing(rings[0].getCoordinateSequence()) }
            return this.getFactory().createMultiLineString(rings)
          };
          Polygon.prototype.clone = function clone () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var poly = Geometry$$1.prototype.clone.call(this);
            poly._shell = this._shell.clone();
            poly._holes = new Array(this._holes.length).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.length; i++) {
              poly._holes[i] = this$1._holes[i].clone();
            }
            return poly
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
            return 'Polygon'
          };
          Polygon.prototype.copy = function copy () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var shell = this._shell.copy();
            var holes = new Array(this._holes.length).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < holes.length; i++) {
              holes[i] = this$1._holes[i].copy();
            }
            return new Polygon(shell, holes, this._factory)
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getExteriorRing = function getExteriorRing () {
            return this._shell
          };
          Polygon.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
            return this._shell.isEmpty()
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getInteriorRingN = function getInteriorRingN (n) {
            return this._holes[n]
          };
          Polygon.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return [Polygonal]
          };
          Polygon.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return Polygon
          };
          staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -3494792200821764533 };

          Object.defineProperties( Polygon, staticAccessors );

          return Polygon;
        }(Geometry));

        var MultiPoint = (function (GeometryCollection$$1) {
          function MultiPoint () {
            GeometryCollection$$1.apply(this, arguments);
          }

          if ( GeometryCollection$$1 ) { MultiPoint.__proto__ = GeometryCollection$$1; }
          MultiPoint.prototype = Object.create( GeometryCollection$$1 && GeometryCollection$$1.prototype );
          MultiPoint.prototype.constructor = MultiPoint;

          var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };

          MultiPoint.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
            return Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOINT
          };
          MultiPoint.prototype.isValid = function isValid () {
            return true
          };
          MultiPoint.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              var tolerance = arguments[1];
              if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
                return false
              }
              return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.call(this, other, tolerance)
            } else { return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          MultiPoint.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var n = arguments[0];
              return this._geometries[n].getCoordinate()
            } else { return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.getCoordinate.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          MultiPoint.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
            return Dimension.FALSE
          };
          MultiPoint.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
            return 0
          };
          MultiPoint.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
            return this.getFactory().createGeometryCollection(null)
          };
          MultiPoint.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
            return 'MultiPoint'
          };
          MultiPoint.prototype.copy = function copy () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var points = new Array(this._geometries.length).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < points.length; i++) {
              points[i] = this$1._geometries[i].copy();
            }
            return new MultiPoint(points, this._factory)
          };
          MultiPoint.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return [Puntal]
          };
          MultiPoint.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return MultiPoint
          };
          staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -8048474874175355449 };

          Object.defineProperties( MultiPoint, staticAccessors );

          return MultiPoint;
        }(GeometryCollection));

        var LinearRing = (function (LineString$$1) {
          function LinearRing (points, factory) {
            if (points instanceof Coordinate && factory instanceof GeometryFactory) {
              points = factory.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(points);
            }
            LineString$$1.call(this, points, factory);
            this.validateConstruction();
          }

          if ( LineString$$1 ) { LinearRing.__proto__ = LineString$$1; }
          LinearRing.prototype = Object.create( LineString$$1 && LineString$$1.prototype );
          LinearRing.prototype.constructor = LinearRing;

          var staticAccessors = { MINIMUM_VALID_SIZE: { configurable: true },serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
          LinearRing.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
            return Geometry.SORTINDEX_LINEARRING
          };
          LinearRing.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
            return Dimension.FALSE
          };
          LinearRing.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return true
            }
            return LineString$$1.prototype.isClosed.call(this)
          };
          LinearRing.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
            var seq = this._points.copy();
            CoordinateSequences.reverse(seq);
            var rev = this.getFactory().createLinearRing(seq);
            return rev
          };
          LinearRing.prototype.validateConstruction = function validateConstruction () {
            if (!this.isEmpty() && !LineString$$1.prototype.isClosed.call(this)) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException('Points of LinearRing do not form a closed linestring')
            }
            if (this.getCoordinateSequence().size() >= 1 && this.getCoordinateSequence().size() < LinearRing.MINIMUM_VALID_SIZE) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException('Invalid number of points in LinearRing (found ' + this.getCoordinateSequence().size() + ' - must be 0 or >= 4)')
            }
          };
          LinearRing.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
            return 'LinearRing'
          };
          LinearRing.prototype.copy = function copy () {
            return new LinearRing(this._points.copy(), this._factory)
          };
          LinearRing.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          LinearRing.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return LinearRing
          };
          staticAccessors.MINIMUM_VALID_SIZE.get = function () { return 4 };
          staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -4261142084085851829 };

          Object.defineProperties( LinearRing, staticAccessors );

          return LinearRing;
        }(LineString));

        var MultiPolygon = (function (GeometryCollection$$1) {
          function MultiPolygon () {
            GeometryCollection$$1.apply(this, arguments);
          }

          if ( GeometryCollection$$1 ) { MultiPolygon.__proto__ = GeometryCollection$$1; }
          MultiPolygon.prototype = Object.create( GeometryCollection$$1 && GeometryCollection$$1.prototype );
          MultiPolygon.prototype.constructor = MultiPolygon;

          var staticAccessors = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };

          MultiPolygon.prototype.getSortIndex = function getSortIndex () {
            return Geometry.SORTINDEX_MULTIPOLYGON
          };
          MultiPolygon.prototype.equalsExact = function equalsExact () {
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var other = arguments[0];
              var tolerance = arguments[1];
              if (!this.isEquivalentClass(other)) {
                return false
              }
              return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.call(this, other, tolerance)
            } else { return GeometryCollection$$1.prototype.equalsExact.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          MultiPolygon.prototype.getBoundaryDimension = function getBoundaryDimension () {
            return 1
          };
          MultiPolygon.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
            return 2
          };
          MultiPolygon.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var n = this._geometries.length;
            var revGeoms = new Array(n).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              revGeoms[i] = this$1._geometries[i].reverse();
            }
            return this.getFactory().createMultiPolygon(revGeoms)
          };
          MultiPolygon.prototype.getBoundary = function getBoundary () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return this.getFactory().createMultiLineString()
            }
            var allRings = new ArrayList();
            for (var i = 0; i < this._geometries.length; i++) {
              var polygon = this$1._geometries[i];
              var rings = polygon.getBoundary();
              for (var j = 0; j < rings.getNumGeometries(); j++) {
                allRings.add(rings.getGeometryN(j));
              }
            }
            var allRingsArray = new Array(allRings.size()).fill(null);
            return this.getFactory().createMultiLineString(allRings.toArray(allRingsArray))
          };
          MultiPolygon.prototype.getGeometryType = function getGeometryType () {
            return 'MultiPolygon'
          };
          MultiPolygon.prototype.copy = function copy () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var polygons = new Array(this._geometries.length).fill(null);
            for (var i = 0; i < polygons.length; i++) {
              polygons[i] = this$1._geometries[i].copy();
            }
            return new MultiPolygon(polygons, this._factory)
          };
          MultiPolygon.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return [Polygonal]
          };
          MultiPolygon.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return MultiPolygon
          };
          staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -551033529766975875 };

          Object.defineProperties( MultiPolygon, staticAccessors );

          return MultiPolygon;
        }(GeometryCollection));

        var GeometryEditor = function GeometryEditor (factory) {
          this._factory = factory || null;
          this._isUserDataCopied = false;
        };

        var staticAccessors$16 = { NoOpGeometryOperation: { configurable: true },CoordinateOperation: { configurable: true },CoordinateSequenceOperation: { configurable: true } };
        GeometryEditor.prototype.setCopyUserData = function setCopyUserData (isUserDataCopied) {
          this._isUserDataCopied = isUserDataCopied;
        };
        GeometryEditor.prototype.edit = function edit (geometry, operation) {
          if (geometry === null) { return null }
          var result = this.editInternal(geometry, operation);
          if (this._isUserDataCopied) {
            result.setUserData(geometry.getUserData());
          }
          return result
        };
        GeometryEditor.prototype.editInternal = function editInternal (geometry, operation) {
          if (this._factory === null) { this._factory = geometry.getFactory(); }
          if (geometry instanceof GeometryCollection) {
            return this.editGeometryCollection(geometry, operation)
          }
          if (geometry instanceof Polygon) {
            return this.editPolygon(geometry, operation)
          }
          if (geometry instanceof Point$1) {
            return operation.edit(geometry, this._factory)
          }
          if (geometry instanceof LineString) {
            return operation.edit(geometry, this._factory)
          }
          Assert.shouldNeverReachHere('Unsupported Geometry class: ' + geometry.getClass().getName());
          return null
        };
        GeometryEditor.prototype.editGeometryCollection = function editGeometryCollection (collection, operation) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var collectionForType = operation.edit(collection, this._factory);
          var geometries = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = 0; i < collectionForType.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var geometry = this$1.edit(collectionForType.getGeometryN(i), operation);
            if (geometry === null || geometry.isEmpty()) {
              continue
            }
            geometries.add(geometry);
          }
          if (collectionForType.getClass() === MultiPoint) {
            return this._factory.createMultiPoint(geometries.toArray([]))
          }
          if (collectionForType.getClass() === MultiLineString) {
            return this._factory.createMultiLineString(geometries.toArray([]))
          }
          if (collectionForType.getClass() === MultiPolygon) {
            return this._factory.createMultiPolygon(geometries.toArray([]))
          }
          return this._factory.createGeometryCollection(geometries.toArray([]))
        };
        GeometryEditor.prototype.editPolygon = function editPolygon (polygon, operation) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var newPolygon = operation.edit(polygon, this._factory);
          if (newPolygon === null) { newPolygon = this._factory.createPolygon(null); }
          if (newPolygon.isEmpty()) {
            return newPolygon
          }
          var shell = this.edit(newPolygon.getExteriorRing(), operation);
          if (shell === null || shell.isEmpty()) {
            return this._factory.createPolygon()
          }
          var holes = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = 0; i < newPolygon.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
            var hole = this$1.edit(newPolygon.getInteriorRingN(i), operation);
            if (hole === null || hole.isEmpty()) {
              continue
            }
            holes.add(hole);
          }
          return this._factory.createPolygon(shell, holes.toArray([]))
        };
        GeometryEditor.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GeometryEditor.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryEditor
        };
        GeometryEditor.GeometryEditorOperation = function GeometryEditorOperation () {};
        staticAccessors$16.NoOpGeometryOperation.get = function () { return NoOpGeometryOperation };
        staticAccessors$16.CoordinateOperation.get = function () { return CoordinateOperation };
        staticAccessors$16.CoordinateSequenceOperation.get = function () { return CoordinateSequenceOperation };

        Object.defineProperties( GeometryEditor, staticAccessors$16 );

        var NoOpGeometryOperation = function NoOpGeometryOperation () {};

        NoOpGeometryOperation.prototype.edit = function edit (geometry, factory) {
          return geometry
        };
        NoOpGeometryOperation.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [GeometryEditor.GeometryEditorOperation]
        };
        NoOpGeometryOperation.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return NoOpGeometryOperation
        };

        var CoordinateOperation = function CoordinateOperation () {};

        CoordinateOperation.prototype.edit = function edit (geometry, factory) {
          var coords = this.editCoordinates(geometry.getCoordinates(), geometry);
          if (coords === null) { return geometry }
          if (geometry instanceof LinearRing) {
            return factory.createLinearRing(coords)
          }
          if (geometry instanceof LineString) {
            return factory.createLineString(coords)
          }
          if (geometry instanceof Point$1) {
            if (coords.length > 0) {
              return factory.createPoint(coords[0])
            } else {
              return factory.createPoint()
            }
          }
          return geometry
        };
        CoordinateOperation.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [GeometryEditor.GeometryEditorOperation]
        };
        CoordinateOperation.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CoordinateOperation
        };

        var CoordinateSequenceOperation = function CoordinateSequenceOperation () {};

        CoordinateSequenceOperation.prototype.edit = function edit (geometry, factory) {
          if (geometry instanceof LinearRing) {
            return factory.createLinearRing(this.edit(geometry.getCoordinateSequence(), geometry))
          }
          if (geometry instanceof LineString) {
            return factory.createLineString(this.edit(geometry.getCoordinateSequence(), geometry))
          }
          if (geometry instanceof Point$1) {
            return factory.createPoint(this.edit(geometry.getCoordinateSequence(), geometry))
          }
          return geometry
        };
        CoordinateSequenceOperation.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [GeometryEditor.GeometryEditorOperation]
        };
        CoordinateSequenceOperation.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CoordinateSequenceOperation
        };

        var CoordinateArraySequence = function CoordinateArraySequence () {
          var this$1 = this;

          this._dimension = 3;
          this._coordinates = null;
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
              this._coordinates = arguments[0];
              this._dimension = 3;
            } else if (Number.isInteger(arguments[0])) {
              var size = arguments[0];
              this._coordinates = new Array(size).fill(null);
              for (var i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                this$1._coordinates[i] = new Coordinate();
              }
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
              var coordSeq = arguments[0];
              if (coordSeq === null) {
                this._coordinates = new Array(0).fill(null);
                return null
              }
              this._dimension = coordSeq.getDimension();
              this._coordinates = new Array(coordSeq.size()).fill(null);
              for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < this._coordinates.length; i$1++) {
                this$1._coordinates[i$1] = coordSeq.getCoordinateCopy(i$1);
              }
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Array && Number.isInteger(arguments[1])) {
              var coordinates = arguments[0];
              var dimension = arguments[1];
              this._coordinates = coordinates;
              this._dimension = dimension;
              if (coordinates === null) { this._coordinates = new Array(0).fill(null); }
            } else if (Number.isInteger(arguments[0]) && Number.isInteger(arguments[1])) {
              var size$1 = arguments[0];
              var dimension$1 = arguments[1];
              this._coordinates = new Array(size$1).fill(null);
              this._dimension = dimension$1;
              for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < size$1; i$2++) {
                this$1._coordinates[i$2] = new Coordinate();
              }
            }
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$18 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.setOrdinate = function setOrdinate (index, ordinateIndex, value) {
          switch (ordinateIndex) {
            case CoordinateSequence.X:
              this._coordinates[index].x = value;
              break
            case CoordinateSequence.Y:
              this._coordinates[index].y = value;
              break
            case CoordinateSequence.Z:
              this._coordinates[index].z = value;
              break
            default:
              throw new IllegalArgumentException('invalid ordinateIndex')
          }
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.size = function size () {
          return this._coordinates.length
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getOrdinate = function getOrdinate (index, ordinateIndex) {
          switch (ordinateIndex) {
            case CoordinateSequence.X:
              return this._coordinates[index].x
            case CoordinateSequence.Y:
              return this._coordinates[index].y
            case CoordinateSequence.Z:
              return this._coordinates[index].z
          }
          return Double.NaN
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var i = arguments[0];
            return this._coordinates[i]
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var index = arguments[0];
            var coord = arguments[1];
            coord.x = this._coordinates[index].x;
            coord.y = this._coordinates[index].y;
            coord.z = this._coordinates[index].z;
          }
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getCoordinateCopy = function getCoordinateCopy (i) {
          return new Coordinate(this._coordinates[i])
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getDimension = function getDimension () {
          return this._dimension
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getX = function getX (index) {
          return this._coordinates[index].x
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.clone = function clone () {
            var this$1 = this;

          var cloneCoordinates = new Array(this.size()).fill(null);
          for (var i = 0; i < this._coordinates.length; i++) {
            cloneCoordinates[i] = this$1._coordinates[i].clone();
          }
          return new CoordinateArraySequence(cloneCoordinates, this._dimension)
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.expandEnvelope = function expandEnvelope (env) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this._coordinates.length; i++) {
            env.expandToInclude(this$1._coordinates[i]);
          }
          return env
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.copy = function copy () {
            var this$1 = this;

          var cloneCoordinates = new Array(this.size()).fill(null);
          for (var i = 0; i < this._coordinates.length; i++) {
            cloneCoordinates[i] = this$1._coordinates[i].copy();
          }
          return new CoordinateArraySequence(cloneCoordinates, this._dimension)
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.toString = function toString () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (this._coordinates.length > 0) {
            var strBuf = new StringBuffer(17 * this._coordinates.length);
            strBuf.append('(');
            strBuf.append(this._coordinates[0]);
            for (var i = 1; i < this._coordinates.length; i++) {
              strBuf.append(', ');
              strBuf.append(this$1._coordinates[i]);
            }
            strBuf.append(')');
            return strBuf.toString()
          } else {
            return '()'
          }
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getY = function getY (index) {
          return this._coordinates[index].y
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.toCoordinateArray = function toCoordinateArray () {
          return this._coordinates
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [CoordinateSequence, Serializable]
        };
        CoordinateArraySequence.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CoordinateArraySequence
        };
        staticAccessors$18.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -915438501601840650 };

        Object.defineProperties( CoordinateArraySequence, staticAccessors$18 );

        var CoordinateArraySequenceFactory = function CoordinateArraySequenceFactory () {};

        var staticAccessors$17 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },instanceObject: { configurable: true } };

        CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.prototype.readResolve = function readResolve () {
          return CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.instance()
        };
        CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.prototype.create = function create () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
              var coordinates = arguments[0];
              return new CoordinateArraySequence(coordinates)
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
              var coordSeq = arguments[0];
              return new CoordinateArraySequence(coordSeq)
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var size = arguments[0];
            var dimension = arguments[1];
            if (dimension > 3) { dimension = 3; }
            if (dimension < 2) { return new CoordinateArraySequence(size) }
            return new CoordinateArraySequence(size, dimension)
          }
        };
        CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [CoordinateSequenceFactory, Serializable]
        };
        CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CoordinateArraySequenceFactory
        };
        CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.instance = function instance () {
          return CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.instanceObject
        };

        staticAccessors$17.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -4099577099607551657 };
        staticAccessors$17.instanceObject.get = function () { return new CoordinateArraySequenceFactory() };

        Object.defineProperties( CoordinateArraySequenceFactory, staticAccessors$17 );

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/HashMap.html
         *
         * @extends {javascript.util.Map}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var HashMap = (function (MapInterface) {
          function HashMap () {
            MapInterface.call(this);
            this.map_ = new Map();
          }

          if ( MapInterface ) { HashMap.__proto__ = MapInterface; }
          HashMap.prototype = Object.create( MapInterface && MapInterface.prototype );
          HashMap.prototype.constructor = HashMap;
          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashMap.prototype.get = function get (key) {
            return this.map_.get(key) || null
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashMap.prototype.put = function put (key, value) {
            this.map_.set(key, value);
            return value
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashMap.prototype.values = function values () {
            var arrayList = new ArrayList();
            var it = this.map_.values();
            var o = it.next();
            while (!o.done) {
              arrayList.add(o.value);
              o = it.next();
            }
            return arrayList
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashMap.prototype.entrySet = function entrySet () {
            var hashSet = new HashSet();
            this.map_.entries().forEach(function (entry) { return hashSet.add(entry); });
            return hashSet
          };

          /**
           * @override
           */
          HashMap.prototype.size = function size () {
            return this.map_.size()
          };

          return HashMap;
        }(Map$1$1));

        var PrecisionModel = function PrecisionModel () {
          this._modelType = null;
          this._scale = null;
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this._modelType = PrecisionModel.FLOATING;
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Type$2) {
              var modelType = arguments[0];
              this._modelType = modelType;
              if (modelType === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
                this.setScale(1.0);
              }
            } else if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
              var scale = arguments[0];
              this._modelType = PrecisionModel.FIXED;
              this.setScale(scale);
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof PrecisionModel) {
              var pm = arguments[0];
              this._modelType = pm._modelType;
              this._scale = pm._scale;
            }
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$19 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },maximumPreciseValue: { configurable: true } };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.equals = function equals (other) {
          if (!(other instanceof PrecisionModel)) {
            return false
          }
          var otherPrecisionModel = other;
          return this._modelType === otherPrecisionModel._modelType && this._scale === otherPrecisionModel._scale
        };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
          var other = o;
          var sigDigits = this.getMaximumSignificantDigits();
          var otherSigDigits = other.getMaximumSignificantDigits();
          return new Integer(sigDigits).compareTo(new Integer(otherSigDigits))
        };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.getScale = function getScale () {
          return this._scale
        };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.isFloating = function isFloating () {
          return this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING || this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING_SINGLE
        };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.getType = function getType () {
          return this._modelType
        };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          var description = 'UNKNOWN';
          if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING) {
            description = 'Floating';
          } else if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING_SINGLE) {
            description = 'Floating-Single';
          } else if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
            description = 'Fixed (Scale=' + this.getScale() + ')';
          }
          return description
        };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.makePrecise = function makePrecise () {
          if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number') {
            var val = arguments[0];
            if (Double.isNaN(val)) { return val }
            if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING_SINGLE) {
              var floatSingleVal = val;
              return floatSingleVal
            }
            if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
              return Math.round(val * this._scale) / this._scale
            }
            return val
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
            var coord = arguments[0];
            if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING) { return null }
            coord.x = this.makePrecise(coord.x);
            coord.y = this.makePrecise(coord.y);
          }
        };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.getMaximumSignificantDigits = function getMaximumSignificantDigits () {
          var maxSigDigits = 16;
          if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING) {
            maxSigDigits = 16;
          } else if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FLOATING_SINGLE) {
            maxSigDigits = 6;
          } else if (this._modelType === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
            maxSigDigits = 1 + Math.trunc(Math.ceil(Math.log(this.getScale()) / Math.log(10)));
          }
          return maxSigDigits
        };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.setScale = function setScale (scale) {
          this._scale = Math.abs(scale);
        };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Serializable, Comparable]
        };
        PrecisionModel.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PrecisionModel
        };
        PrecisionModel.mostPrecise = function mostPrecise (pm1, pm2) {
          if (pm1.compareTo(pm2) >= 0) { return pm1 }
          return pm2
        };
        staticAccessors$19.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 7777263578777803835 };
        staticAccessors$19.maximumPreciseValue.get = function () { return 9007199254740992.0 };

        Object.defineProperties( PrecisionModel, staticAccessors$19 );

        var Type$2 = function Type (name) {
          this._name = name || null;
          Type.nameToTypeMap.put(name, this);
        };

        var staticAccessors$1$1 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },nameToTypeMap: { configurable: true } };
        Type$2.prototype.readResolve = function readResolve () {
          return Type$2.nameToTypeMap.get(this._name)
        };
        Type$2.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return this._name
        };
        Type$2.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Serializable]
        };
        Type$2.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Type$2
        };
        staticAccessors$1$1.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -5528602631731589822 };
        staticAccessors$1$1.nameToTypeMap.get = function () { return new HashMap() };

        Object.defineProperties( Type$2, staticAccessors$1$1 );

        PrecisionModel.Type = Type$2;
        PrecisionModel.FIXED = new Type$2('FIXED');
        PrecisionModel.FLOATING = new Type$2('FLOATING');
        PrecisionModel.FLOATING_SINGLE = new Type$2('FLOATING SINGLE');

        var GeometryFactory = function GeometryFactory () {
          this._precisionModel = new PrecisionModel();
          this._SRID = 0;
          this._coordinateSequenceFactory = GeometryFactory.getDefaultCoordinateSequenceFactory();

          if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequenceFactory)) {
              this._coordinateSequenceFactory = arguments[0];
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof PrecisionModel) {
              this._precisionModel = arguments[0];
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            this._precisionModel = arguments[0];
            this._SRID = arguments[1];
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            this._precisionModel = arguments[0];
            this._SRID = arguments[1];
            this._coordinateSequenceFactory = arguments[2];
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$2 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.toGeometry = function toGeometry (envelope) {
          if (envelope.isNull()) {
            return this.createPoint(null)
          }
          if (envelope.getMinX() === envelope.getMaxX() && envelope.getMinY() === envelope.getMaxY()) {
            return this.createPoint(new Coordinate(envelope.getMinX(), envelope.getMinY()))
          }
          if (envelope.getMinX() === envelope.getMaxX() || envelope.getMinY() === envelope.getMaxY()) {
            return this.createLineString([new Coordinate(envelope.getMinX(), envelope.getMinY()), new Coordinate(envelope.getMaxX(), envelope.getMaxY())])
          }
          return this.createPolygon(this.createLinearRing([new Coordinate(envelope.getMinX(), envelope.getMinY()), new Coordinate(envelope.getMinX(), envelope.getMaxY()), new Coordinate(envelope.getMaxX(), envelope.getMaxY()), new Coordinate(envelope.getMaxX(), envelope.getMinY()), new Coordinate(envelope.getMinX(), envelope.getMinY())]), null)
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.createLineString = function createLineString (coordinates) {
          if (!coordinates) { return new LineString(this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([]), this) }
          else if (coordinates instanceof Array) { return new LineString(this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(coordinates), this) }
          else if (hasInterface(coordinates, CoordinateSequence)) { return new LineString(coordinates, this) }
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.createMultiLineString = function createMultiLineString () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            return new MultiLineString(null, this)
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var lineStrings = arguments[0];
            return new MultiLineString(lineStrings, this)
          }
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.buildGeometry = function buildGeometry (geomList) {
          var geomClass = null;
          var isHeterogeneous = false;
          var hasGeometryCollection = false;
          for (var i = geomList.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var geom = i.next();
            var partClass = geom.getClass();
            if (geomClass === null) {
              geomClass = partClass;
            }
            if (partClass !== geomClass) {
              isHeterogeneous = true;
            }
            if (geom.isGeometryCollectionOrDerived()) { hasGeometryCollection = true; }
          }
          if (geomClass === null) {
            return this.createGeometryCollection()
          }
          if (isHeterogeneous || hasGeometryCollection) {
            return this.createGeometryCollection(GeometryFactory.toGeometryArray(geomList))
          }
          var geom0 = geomList.iterator().next();
          var isCollection = geomList.size() > 1;
          if (isCollection) {
            if (geom0 instanceof Polygon) {
              return this.createMultiPolygon(GeometryFactory.toPolygonArray(geomList))
            } else if (geom0 instanceof LineString) {
              return this.createMultiLineString(GeometryFactory.toLineStringArray(geomList))
            } else if (geom0 instanceof Point$1) {
              return this.createMultiPoint(GeometryFactory.toPointArray(geomList))
            }
            Assert.shouldNeverReachHere('Unhandled class: ' + geom0.getClass().getName());
          }
          return geom0
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.createMultiPointFromCoords = function createMultiPointFromCoords (coordinates) {
          return this.createMultiPoint(coordinates !== null ? this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(coordinates) : null)
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.createPoint = function createPoint () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            return this.createPoint(this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([]))
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
              var coordinate = arguments[0];
              return this.createPoint(coordinate !== null ? this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([coordinate]) : null)
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
              var coordinates = arguments[0];
              return new Point$1(coordinates, this)
            }
          }
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.getCoordinateSequenceFactory = function getCoordinateSequenceFactory () {
          return this._coordinateSequenceFactory
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.createPolygon = function createPolygon () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            return new Polygon(null, null, this)
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
              var coordinates = arguments[0];
              return this.createPolygon(this.createLinearRing(coordinates))
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
              var coordinates$1 = arguments[0];
              return this.createPolygon(this.createLinearRing(coordinates$1))
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof LinearRing) {
              var shell = arguments[0];
              return this.createPolygon(shell, null)
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var shell$1 = arguments[0];
            var holes = arguments[1];
            return new Polygon(shell$1, holes, this)
          }
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.getSRID = function getSRID () {
          return this._SRID
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.createGeometryCollection = function createGeometryCollection () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            return new GeometryCollection(null, this)
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geometries = arguments[0];
            return new GeometryCollection(geometries, this)
          }
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.createGeometry = function createGeometry (g) {
          var editor = new GeometryEditor(this);
          return editor.edit(g, {
            edit: function () {
              if (arguments.length === 2) {
                var coordSeq = arguments[0];
                // const geometry = arguments[1]
                return this._coordinateSequenceFactory.create(coordSeq)
              }
            }
          })
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.getPrecisionModel = function getPrecisionModel () {
          return this._precisionModel
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.createLinearRing = function createLinearRing () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            return this.createLinearRing(this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create([]))
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
              var coordinates = arguments[0];
              return this.createLinearRing(coordinates !== null ? this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(coordinates) : null)
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
              var coordinates$1 = arguments[0];
              return new LinearRing(coordinates$1, this)
            }
          }
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.createMultiPolygon = function createMultiPolygon () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            return new MultiPolygon(null, this)
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var polygons = arguments[0];
            return new MultiPolygon(polygons, this)
          }
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.createMultiPoint = function createMultiPoint () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            return new MultiPoint(null, this)
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
              var point = arguments[0];
              return new MultiPoint(point, this)
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
              var coordinates = arguments[0];
              return this.createMultiPoint(coordinates !== null ? this.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(coordinates) : null)
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], CoordinateSequence)) {
              var coordinates$1 = arguments[0];
              if (coordinates$1 === null) {
                return this.createMultiPoint(new Array(0).fill(null))
              }
              var points = new Array(coordinates$1.size()).fill(null);
              for (var i = 0; i < coordinates$1.size(); i++) {
                var ptSeq = this$1.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(1, coordinates$1.getDimension());
                CoordinateSequences.copy(coordinates$1, i, ptSeq, 0, 1);
                points[i] = this$1.createPoint(ptSeq);
              }
              return this.createMultiPoint(points)
            }
          }
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Serializable]
        };
        GeometryFactory.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryFactory
        };
        GeometryFactory.toMultiPolygonArray = function toMultiPolygonArray (multiPolygons) {
          var multiPolygonArray = new Array(multiPolygons.size()).fill(null);
          return multiPolygons.toArray(multiPolygonArray)
        };
        GeometryFactory.toGeometryArray = function toGeometryArray (geometries) {
          if (geometries === null) { return null }
          var geometryArray = new Array(geometries.size()).fill(null);
          return geometries.toArray(geometryArray)
        };
        GeometryFactory.getDefaultCoordinateSequenceFactory = function getDefaultCoordinateSequenceFactory () {
          return CoordinateArraySequenceFactory.instance()
        };
        GeometryFactory.toMultiLineStringArray = function toMultiLineStringArray (multiLineStrings) {
          var multiLineStringArray = new Array(multiLineStrings.size()).fill(null);
          return multiLineStrings.toArray(multiLineStringArray)
        };
        GeometryFactory.toLineStringArray = function toLineStringArray (lineStrings) {
          var lineStringArray = new Array(lineStrings.size()).fill(null);
          return lineStrings.toArray(lineStringArray)
        };
        GeometryFactory.toMultiPointArray = function toMultiPointArray (multiPoints) {
          var multiPointArray = new Array(multiPoints.size()).fill(null);
          return multiPoints.toArray(multiPointArray)
        };
        GeometryFactory.toLinearRingArray = function toLinearRingArray (linearRings) {
          var linearRingArray = new Array(linearRings.size()).fill(null);
          return linearRings.toArray(linearRingArray)
        };
        GeometryFactory.toPointArray = function toPointArray (points) {
          var pointArray = new Array(points.size()).fill(null);
          return points.toArray(pointArray)
        };
        GeometryFactory.toPolygonArray = function toPolygonArray (polygons) {
          var polygonArray = new Array(polygons.size()).fill(null);
          return polygons.toArray(polygonArray)
        };
        GeometryFactory.createPointFromInternalCoord = function createPointFromInternalCoord (coord, exemplar) {
          exemplar.getPrecisionModel().makePrecise(coord);
          return exemplar.getFactory().createPoint(coord)
        };
        staticAccessors$2.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -6820524753094095635 };

        Object.defineProperties( GeometryFactory, staticAccessors$2 );

        var geometryTypes = ['Point', 'MultiPoint', 'LineString', 'MultiLineString', 'Polygon', 'MultiPolygon'];

        /**
         * Class for reading and writing Well-Known Text.Create a new parser for GeoJSON
         * NOTE: Adapted from OpenLayers 2.11 implementation.
         */

        /**
         * Create a new parser for GeoJSON
         *
         * @param {GeometryFactory} geometryFactory
         * @return An instance of GeoJsonParser.
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        var GeoJSONParser = function GeoJSONParser (geometryFactory) {
          this.geometryFactory = geometryFactory || new GeometryFactory();
        };
        /**
         * Deserialize a GeoJSON object and return the Geometry or Feature(Collection) with JSTS Geometries
         *
         * @param {}
         *        A GeoJSON object.
         * @return {} A Geometry instance or object representing a Feature(Collection) with Geometry instances.
         * @private
         */
        GeoJSONParser.prototype.read = function read (json) {
          var obj;
          if (typeof json === 'string') {
            obj = JSON.parse(json);
          } else {
            obj = json;
          }

          var type = obj.type;

          if (!parse$2[type]) {
            throw new Error('Unknown GeoJSON type: ' + obj.type)
          }

          if (geometryTypes.indexOf(type) !== -1) {
            return parse$2[type].apply(this, [obj.coordinates])
          } else if (type === 'GeometryCollection') {
            return parse$2[type].apply(this, [obj.geometries])
          }

          // feature or feature collection
          return parse$2[type].apply(this, [obj])
        };

        /**
         * Serialize a Geometry object into GeoJSON
         *
         * @param {Geometry}
         *        geometry A Geometry or array of Geometries.
         * @return {Object} A GeoJSON object represting the input Geometry/Geometries.
         * @private
         */
        GeoJSONParser.prototype.write = function write (geometry) {
          var type = geometry.getGeometryType();

          if (!extract[type]) {
            throw new Error('Geometry is not supported')
          }

          return extract[type].apply(this, [geometry])
        };

        var parse$2 = {
          /**
           * Parse a GeoJSON Feature object
           *
           * @param {Object}
           *          obj Object to parse.
           *
           * @return {Object} Feature with geometry/bbox converted to JSTS Geometries.
           */
          Feature: function (obj) {
            var feature = {};

            // copy features
            for (var key in obj) {
              feature[key] = obj[key];
            }

            // parse geometry
            if (obj.geometry) {
              var type = obj.geometry.type;
              if (!parse$2[type]) {
                throw new Error('Unknown GeoJSON type: ' + obj.type)
              }
              feature.geometry = this.read(obj.geometry);
            }

            // bbox
            if (obj.bbox) {
              feature.bbox = parse$2.bbox.apply(this, [obj.bbox]);
            }

            return feature
          },

          /**
           * Parse a GeoJSON FeatureCollection object
           *
           * @param {Object}
           *          obj Object to parse.
           *
           * @return {Object} FeatureCollection with geometry/bbox converted to JSTS Geometries.
           */
          FeatureCollection: function (obj) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var featureCollection = {};

            if (obj.features) {
              featureCollection.features = [];

              for (var i = 0; i < obj.features.length; ++i) {
                featureCollection.features.push(this$1.read(obj.features[i]));
              }
            }

            if (obj.bbox) {
              featureCollection.bbox = this.parse.bbox.apply(this, [obj.bbox]);
            }

            return featureCollection
          },

          /**
           * Convert the ordinates in an array to an array of Coordinates
           *
           * @param {Array}
           *          array Array with {Number}s.
           *
           * @return {Array} Array with Coordinates.
           */
          coordinates: function (array) {
            var coordinates = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
              var sub = array[i];
              coordinates.push(new Coordinate(sub[0], sub[1]));
            }
            return coordinates
          },

          /**
           * Convert the bbox to a LinearRing
           *
           * @param {Array}
           *          array Array with [xMin, yMin, xMax, yMax].
           *
           * @return {Array} Array with Coordinates.
           */
          bbox: function (array) {
            return this.geometryFactory.createLinearRing([
              new Coordinate(array[0], array[1]),
              new Coordinate(array[2], array[1]),
              new Coordinate(array[2], array[3]),
              new Coordinate(array[0], array[3]),
              new Coordinate(array[0], array[1])
            ])
          },

          /**
           * Convert an Array with ordinates to a Point
           *
           * @param {Array}
           *          array Array with ordinates.
           *
           * @return {Point} Point.
           */
          Point: function (array) {
            var coordinate = new Coordinate(array[0], array[1]);
            return this.geometryFactory.createPoint(coordinate)
          },

          /**
           * Convert an Array with coordinates to a MultiPoint
           *
           * @param {Array}
           *          array Array with coordinates.
           *
           * @return {MultiPoint} MultiPoint.
           */
          MultiPoint: function (array) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var points = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
              points.push(parse$2.Point.apply(this$1, [array[i]]));
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPoint(points)
          },

          /**
           * Convert an Array with coordinates to a LineString
           *
           * @param {Array}
           *          array Array with coordinates.
           *
           * @return {LineString} LineString.
           */
          LineString: function (array) {
            var coordinates = parse$2.coordinates.apply(this, [array]);
            return this.geometryFactory.createLineString(coordinates)
          },

          /**
           * Convert an Array with coordinates to a MultiLineString
           *
           * @param {Array}
           *          array Array with coordinates.
           *
           * @return {MultiLineString} MultiLineString.
           */
          MultiLineString: function (array) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var lineStrings = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
              lineStrings.push(parse$2.LineString.apply(this$1, [array[i]]));
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createMultiLineString(lineStrings)
          },

          /**
           * Convert an Array to a Polygon
           *
           * @param {Array}
           *          array Array with shell and holes.
           *
           * @return {Polygon} Polygon.
           */
          Polygon: function (array) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var shellCoordinates = parse$2.coordinates.apply(this, [array[0]]);
            var shell = this.geometryFactory.createLinearRing(shellCoordinates);
            var holes = [];
            for (var i = 1; i < array.length; ++i) {
              var hole = array[i];
              var coordinates = parse$2.coordinates.apply(this$1, [hole]);
              var linearRing = this$1.geometryFactory.createLinearRing(coordinates);
              holes.push(linearRing);
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createPolygon(shell, holes)
          },

          /**
           * Convert an Array to a MultiPolygon
           *
           * @param {Array}
           *          array Array of arrays with shell and rings.
           *
           * @return {MultiPolygon} MultiPolygon.
           */
          MultiPolygon: function (array) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var polygons = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
              var polygon = array[i];
              polygons.push(parse$2.Polygon.apply(this$1, [polygon]));
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createMultiPolygon(polygons)
          },

          /**
           * Convert an Array to a GeometryCollection
           *
           * @param {Array}
           *          array Array of GeoJSON geometries.
           *
           * @return {GeometryCollection} GeometryCollection.
           */
          GeometryCollection: function (array) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var geometries = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < array.length; ++i) {
              var geometry = array[i];
              geometries.push(this$1.read(geometry));
            }
            return this.geometryFactory.createGeometryCollection(geometries)
          }
        };

        var extract = {
          /**
           * Convert a Coordinate to an Array
           *
           * @param {Coordinate}
           *          coordinate Coordinate to convert.
           *
           * @return {Array} Array of ordinates.
           */
          coordinate: function (coordinate) {
            return [coordinate.x, coordinate.y]
          },

          /**
           * Convert a Point to a GeoJSON object
           *
           * @param {Point}
           *          point Point to convert.
           *
           * @return {Array} Array of 2 ordinates (paired to a coordinate).
           */
          Point: function (point) {
            var array = extract.coordinate.apply(this, [point.getCoordinate()]);
            return {
              type: 'Point',
              coordinates: array
            }
          },

          /**
           * Convert a MultiPoint to a GeoJSON object
           *
           * @param {MultiPoint}
           *          multipoint MultiPoint to convert.
           *
           * @return {Array} Array of coordinates.
           */
          MultiPoint: function (multipoint) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < multipoint._geometries.length; ++i) {
              var point = multipoint._geometries[i];
              var geoJson = extract.Point.apply(this$1, [point]);
              array.push(geoJson.coordinates);
            }
            return {
              type: 'MultiPoint',
              coordinates: array
            }
          },

          /**
           * Convert a LineString to a GeoJSON object
           *
           * @param {LineString}
           *          linestring LineString to convert.
           *
           * @return {Array} Array of coordinates.
           */
          LineString: function (linestring) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            var coordinates = linestring.getCoordinates();
            for (var i = 0; i < coordinates.length; ++i) {
              var coordinate = coordinates[i];
              array.push(extract.coordinate.apply(this$1, [coordinate]));
            }
            return {
              type: 'LineString',
              coordinates: array
            }
          },

          /**
           * Convert a MultiLineString to a GeoJSON object
           *
           * @param {MultiLineString}
           *          multilinestring MultiLineString to convert.
           *
           * @return {Array} Array of Array of coordinates.
           */
          MultiLineString: function (multilinestring) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < multilinestring._geometries.length; ++i) {
              var linestring = multilinestring._geometries[i];
              var geoJson = extract.LineString.apply(this$1, [linestring]);
              array.push(geoJson.coordinates);
            }
            return {
              type: 'MultiLineString',
              coordinates: array
            }
          },

          /**
           * Convert a Polygon to a GeoJSON object
           *
           * @param {Polygon}
           *          polygon Polygon to convert.
           *
           * @return {Array} Array with shell, holes.
           */
          Polygon: function (polygon) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            var shellGeoJson = extract.LineString.apply(this, [polygon._shell]);
            array.push(shellGeoJson.coordinates);
            for (var i = 0; i < polygon._holes.length; ++i) {
              var hole = polygon._holes[i];
              var holeGeoJson = extract.LineString.apply(this$1, [hole]);
              array.push(holeGeoJson.coordinates);
            }
            return {
              type: 'Polygon',
              coordinates: array
            }
          },

          /**
           * Convert a MultiPolygon to a GeoJSON object
           *
           * @param {MultiPolygon}
           *          multipolygon MultiPolygon to convert.
           *
           * @return {Array} Array of polygons.
           */
          MultiPolygon: function (multipolygon) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < multipolygon._geometries.length; ++i) {
              var polygon = multipolygon._geometries[i];
              var geoJson = extract.Polygon.apply(this$1, [polygon]);
              array.push(geoJson.coordinates);
            }
            return {
              type: 'MultiPolygon',
              coordinates: array
            }
          },

          /**
           * Convert a GeometryCollection to a GeoJSON object
           *
           * @param {GeometryCollection}
           *          collection GeometryCollection to convert.
           *
           * @return {Array} Array of geometries.
           */
          GeometryCollection: function (collection) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var array = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < collection._geometries.length; ++i) {
              var geometry = collection._geometries[i];
              var type = geometry.getGeometryType();
              array.push(extract[type].apply(this$1, [geometry]));
            }
            return {
              type: 'GeometryCollection',
              geometries: array
            }
          }
        };

        /**
         * Converts a geometry in GeoJSON to a {@link Geometry}.
         */

        /**
         * A <code>GeoJSONReader</code> is parameterized by a <code>GeometryFactory</code>,
         * to allow it to create <code>Geometry</code> objects of the appropriate
         * implementation. In particular, the <code>GeometryFactory</code> determines
         * the <code>PrecisionModel</code> and <code>SRID</code> that is used.
         *
         * @param {GeometryFactory} geometryFactory
         * @constructor
         */
        var GeoJSONReader = function GeoJSONReader (geometryFactory) {
          this.geometryFactory = geometryFactory || new GeometryFactory();
          this.precisionModel = this.geometryFactory.getPrecisionModel();
          this.parser = new GeoJSONParser(this.geometryFactory);
        };
        /**
         * Reads a GeoJSON representation of a {@link Geometry}
         *
         * Will also parse GeoJSON Features/FeatureCollections as custom objects.
         *
         * @param {Object|String} geoJson a GeoJSON Object or String.
         * @return {Geometry|Object} a <code>Geometry or Feature/FeatureCollection representation.</code>
         * @memberof GeoJSONReader
         */
        GeoJSONReader.prototype.read = function read (geoJson) {
          var geometry = this.parser.read(geoJson);

          if (this.precisionModel.getType() === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
            this.reducePrecision(geometry);
          }

          return geometry
        };

        // NOTE: this is a hack
        GeoJSONReader.prototype.reducePrecision = function reducePrecision (geometry) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var i, len;

          if (geometry.coordinate) {
            this.precisionModel.makePrecise(geometry.coordinate);
          } else if (geometry.points) {
            for (i = 0, len = geometry.points.length; i < len; i++) {
              this$1.precisionModel.makePrecise(geometry.points[i]);
            }
          } else if (geometry.geometries) {
            for (i = 0, len = geometry.geometries.length; i < len; i++) {
              this$1.reducePrecision(geometry.geometries[i]);
            }
          }
        };

        /**
         * @module GeoJSONWriter
         */

        /**
         * Writes the GeoJSON representation of a {@link Geometry}. The
         * The GeoJSON format is defined <A
         * HREF="http://geojson.org/geojson-spec.html">here</A>.
         */

        /**
         * The <code>GeoJSONWriter</code> outputs coordinates rounded to the precision
         * model. Only the maximum number of decimal places necessary to represent the
         * ordinates to the required precision will be output.
         *
         * @param {GeometryFactory} geometryFactory
         * @constructor
         */
        var GeoJSONWriter = function GeoJSONWriter () {
          this.parser = new GeoJSONParser(this.geometryFactory);
        };
        /**
         * Converts a <code>Geometry</code> to its GeoJSON representation.
         *
         * @param {Geometry}
         *        geometry a <code>Geometry</code> to process.
         * @return {Object} The GeoJSON representation of the Geometry.
         * @memberof GeoJSONWriter
         */
        GeoJSONWriter.prototype.write = function write (geometry) {
          return this.parser.write(geometry)
        };

        /* eslint-disable no-undef */

        // io

        var Position = function Position () {};

        var staticAccessors$20 = { ON: { configurable: true },LEFT: { configurable: true },RIGHT: { configurable: true } };

        Position.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Position.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Position
        };
        Position.opposite = function opposite (position) {
          if (position === Position.LEFT) { return Position.RIGHT }
          if (position === Position.RIGHT) { return Position.LEFT }
          return position
        };
        staticAccessors$20.ON.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors$20.LEFT.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$20.RIGHT.get = function () { return 2 };

        Object.defineProperties( Position, staticAccessors$20 );

        /**
         * @param {string=} message Optional message
         * @extends {Error}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        function EmptyStackException (message) {
          this.message = message || '';
        }
        EmptyStackException.prototype = new Error();

        /**
         * @type {string}
         */
        EmptyStackException.prototype.name = 'EmptyStackException';

        /**
         * @see http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Stack.html
         *
         * @extends {List}
         * @constructor
         * @private
         */
        function Stack () {
          /**
           * @type {Array}
           * @private
           */
          this.array_ = [];
        }
        Stack.prototype = new List();

        /**
         * @override
         */
        Stack.prototype.add = function (e) {
          this.array_.push(e);
          return true
        };

        /**
         * @override
         */
        Stack.prototype.get = function (index) {
          if (index < 0 || index >= this.size()) {
            throw new Error()
          }

          return this.array_[index]
        };

        /**
         * Pushes an item onto the top of this stack.
         * @param {Object} e
         * @return {Object}
         */
        Stack.prototype.push = function (e) {
          this.array_.push(e);
          return e
        };

        /**
         * Pushes an item onto the top of this stack.
         * @param {Object} e
         * @return {Object}
         */
        Stack.prototype.pop = function (e) {
          if (this.array_.length === 0) {
            throw new EmptyStackException()
          }

          return this.array_.pop()
        };

        /**
         * Looks at the object at the top of this stack without removing it from the
         * stack.
         * @return {Object}
         */
        Stack.prototype.peek = function () {
          if (this.array_.length === 0) {
            throw new EmptyStackException()
          }

          return this.array_[this.array_.length - 1]
        };

        /**
         * Tests if this stack is empty.
         * @return {boolean} true if and only if this stack contains no items; false
         *         otherwise.
         */
        Stack.prototype.empty = function () {
          if (this.array_.length === 0) {
            return true
          } else {
            return false
          }
        };

        /**
         * @return {boolean}
         */
        Stack.prototype.isEmpty = function () {
          return this.empty()
        };

        /**
         * Returns the 1-based position where an object is on this stack. If the object
         * o occurs as an item in this stack, this method returns the distance from the
         * top of the stack of the occurrence nearest the top of the stack; the topmost
         * item on the stack is considered to be at distance 1. The equals method is
         * used to compare o to the items in this stack.
         *
         * NOTE: does not currently actually use equals. (=== is used)
         *
         * @param {Object} o
         * @return {number} the 1-based position from the top of the stack where the
         *         object is located; the return value -1 indicates that the object is
         *         not on the stack.
         */
        Stack.prototype.search = function (o) {
          return this.array_.indexOf(o)
        };

        /**
         * @return {number}
         * @export
         */
        Stack.prototype.size = function () {
          return this.array_.length
        };

        /**
         * @return {Array}
         */
        Stack.prototype.toArray = function () {
          var this$1 = this;

          var array = [];

          for (var i = 0, len = this.array_.length; i < len; i++) {
            array.push(this$1.array_[i]);
          }

          return array
        };

        var RightmostEdgeFinder = function RightmostEdgeFinder () {
          this._minIndex = -1;
          this._minCoord = null;
          this._minDe = null;
          this._orientedDe = null;
        };
        RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
          return this._minCoord
        };
        RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.getRightmostSide = function getRightmostSide (de, index) {
          var side = this.getRightmostSideOfSegment(de, index);
          if (side < 0) { side = this.getRightmostSideOfSegment(de, index - 1); }
          if (side < 0) {
            this._minCoord = null;
            this.checkForRightmostCoordinate(de);
          }
          return side
        };
        RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.findRightmostEdgeAtVertex = function findRightmostEdgeAtVertex () {
          var pts = this._minDe.getEdge().getCoordinates();
          Assert.isTrue(this._minIndex > 0 && this._minIndex < pts.length, 'rightmost point expected to be interior vertex of edge');
          var pPrev = pts[this._minIndex - 1];
          var pNext = pts[this._minIndex + 1];
          var orientation = CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(this._minCoord, pNext, pPrev);
          var usePrev = false;
          if (pPrev.y < this._minCoord.y && pNext.y < this._minCoord.y && orientation === CGAlgorithms.COUNTERCLOCKWISE) {
            usePrev = true;
          } else if (pPrev.y > this._minCoord.y && pNext.y > this._minCoord.y && orientation === CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE) {
            usePrev = true;
          }
          if (usePrev) {
            this._minIndex = this._minIndex - 1;
          }
        };
        RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.getRightmostSideOfSegment = function getRightmostSideOfSegment (de, i) {
          var e = de.getEdge();
          var coord = e.getCoordinates();
          if (i < 0 || i + 1 >= coord.length) { return -1 }
          if (coord[i].y === coord[i + 1].y) { return -1 }
          var pos = Position.LEFT;
          if (coord[i].y < coord[i + 1].y) { pos = Position.RIGHT; }
          return pos
        };
        RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.getEdge = function getEdge () {
          return this._orientedDe
        };
        RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.checkForRightmostCoordinate = function checkForRightmostCoordinate (de) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var coord = de.getEdge().getCoordinates();
          for (var i = 0; i < coord.length - 1; i++) {
            if (this$1._minCoord === null || coord[i].x > this$1._minCoord.x) {
              this$1._minDe = de;
              this$1._minIndex = i;
              this$1._minCoord = coord[i];
            }
          }
        };
        RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.findRightmostEdgeAtNode = function findRightmostEdgeAtNode () {
          var node = this._minDe.getNode();
          var star = node.getEdges();
          this._minDe = star.getRightmostEdge();
          if (!this._minDe.isForward()) {
            this._minDe = this._minDe.getSym();
            this._minIndex = this._minDe.getEdge().getCoordinates().length - 1;
          }
        };
        RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.findEdge = function findEdge (dirEdgeList) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = dirEdgeList.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var de = i.next();
            if (!de.isForward()) { continue }
            this$1.checkForRightmostCoordinate(de);
          }
          Assert.isTrue(this._minIndex !== 0 || this._minCoord.equals(this._minDe.getCoordinate()), 'inconsistency in rightmost processing');
          if (this._minIndex === 0) {
            this.findRightmostEdgeAtNode();
          } else {
            this.findRightmostEdgeAtVertex();
          }
          this._orientedDe = this._minDe;
          var rightmostSide = this.getRightmostSide(this._minDe, this._minIndex);
          if (rightmostSide === Position.LEFT) {
            this._orientedDe = this._minDe.getSym();
          }
        };
        RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        RightmostEdgeFinder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return RightmostEdgeFinder
        };

        var TopologyException = (function (RuntimeException$$1) {
          function TopologyException (msg, pt) {
            RuntimeException$$1.call(this, TopologyException.msgWithCoord(msg, pt));
            this.pt = pt ? new Coordinate(pt) : null;
            this.name = 'TopologyException';
          }

          if ( RuntimeException$$1 ) { TopologyException.__proto__ = RuntimeException$$1; }
          TopologyException.prototype = Object.create( RuntimeException$$1 && RuntimeException$$1.prototype );
          TopologyException.prototype.constructor = TopologyException;
          TopologyException.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
            return this.pt
          };
          TopologyException.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          TopologyException.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return TopologyException
          };
          TopologyException.msgWithCoord = function msgWithCoord (msg, pt) {
            if (!pt) { return msg + ' [ ' + pt + ' ]' }
            return msg
          };

          return TopologyException;
        }(RuntimeException));

        var LinkedList = function LinkedList () {
          this.array_ = [];
        };
        LinkedList.prototype.addLast = function addLast (e) {
          this.array_.push(e);
        };
        LinkedList.prototype.removeFirst = function removeFirst () {
          return this.array_.shift()
        };
        LinkedList.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
          return this.array_.length === 0
        };

        var BufferSubgraph = function BufferSubgraph () {
          this._finder = null;
          this._dirEdgeList = new ArrayList();
          this._nodes = new ArrayList();
          this._rightMostCoord = null;
          this._env = null;
          this._finder = new RightmostEdgeFinder();
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.clearVisitedEdges = function clearVisitedEdges () {
          for (var it = this._dirEdgeList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var de = it.next();
            de.setVisited(false);
          }
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.getRightmostCoordinate = function getRightmostCoordinate () {
          return this._rightMostCoord
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.computeNodeDepth = function computeNodeDepth (n) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var startEdge = null;
          for (var i = n.getEdges().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var de = i.next();
            if (de.isVisited() || de.getSym().isVisited()) {
              startEdge = de;
              break
            }
          }
          if (startEdge === null) { throw new TopologyException('unable to find edge to compute depths at ' + n.getCoordinate()) }
          n.getEdges().computeDepths(startEdge);
          for (var i$1 = n.getEdges().iterator(); i$1.hasNext();) {
            var de$1 = i$1.next();
            de$1.setVisited(true);
            this$1.copySymDepths(de$1);
          }
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.computeDepth = function computeDepth (outsideDepth) {
          this.clearVisitedEdges();
          var de = this._finder.getEdge();
          // const n = de.getNode()
          // const label = de.getLabel()
          de.setEdgeDepths(Position.RIGHT, outsideDepth);
          this.copySymDepths(de);
          this.computeDepths(de);
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.create = function create (node) {
          this.addReachable(node);
          this._finder.findEdge(this._dirEdgeList);
          this._rightMostCoord = this._finder.getCoordinate();
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.findResultEdges = function findResultEdges () {
          for (var it = this._dirEdgeList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var de = it.next();
            if (de.getDepth(Position.RIGHT) >= 1 && de.getDepth(Position.LEFT) <= 0 && !de.isInteriorAreaEdge()) {
              de.setInResult(true);
            }
          }
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.computeDepths = function computeDepths (startEdge) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var nodesVisited = new HashSet();
          var nodeQueue = new LinkedList();
          var startNode = startEdge.getNode();
          nodeQueue.addLast(startNode);
          nodesVisited.add(startNode);
          startEdge.setVisited(true);
          while (!nodeQueue.isEmpty()) {
            var n = nodeQueue.removeFirst();
            nodesVisited.add(n);
            this$1.computeNodeDepth(n);
            for (var i = n.getEdges().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var de = i.next();
              var sym = de.getSym();
              if (sym.isVisited()) { continue }
              var adjNode = sym.getNode();
              if (!nodesVisited.contains(adjNode)) {
                nodeQueue.addLast(adjNode);
                nodesVisited.add(adjNode);
              }
            }
          }
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
          var graph = o;
          if (this._rightMostCoord.x < graph._rightMostCoord.x) {
            return -1
          }
          if (this._rightMostCoord.x > graph._rightMostCoord.x) {
            return 1
          }
          return 0
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.getEnvelope = function getEnvelope () {
          if (this._env === null) {
            var edgeEnv = new Envelope();
            for (var it = this._dirEdgeList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var dirEdge = it.next();
              var pts = dirEdge.getEdge().getCoordinates();
              for (var i = 0; i < pts.length - 1; i++) {
                edgeEnv.expandToInclude(pts[i]);
              }
            }
            this._env = edgeEnv;
          }
          return this._env
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.addReachable = function addReachable (startNode) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var nodeStack = new Stack();
          nodeStack.add(startNode);
          while (!nodeStack.empty()) {
            var node = nodeStack.pop();
            this$1.add(node, nodeStack);
          }
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.copySymDepths = function copySymDepths (de) {
          var sym = de.getSym();
          sym.setDepth(Position.LEFT, de.getDepth(Position.RIGHT));
          sym.setDepth(Position.RIGHT, de.getDepth(Position.LEFT));
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.add = function add (node, nodeStack) {
            var this$1 = this;

          node.setVisited(true);
          this._nodes.add(node);
          for (var i = node.getEdges().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var de = i.next();
            this$1._dirEdgeList.add(de);
            var sym = de.getSym();
            var symNode = sym.getNode();
            if (!symNode.isVisited()) { nodeStack.push(symNode); }
          }
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.getNodes = function getNodes () {
          return this._nodes
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.getDirectedEdges = function getDirectedEdges () {
          return this._dirEdgeList
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable]
        };
        BufferSubgraph.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BufferSubgraph
        };

        var TopologyLocation = function TopologyLocation () {
          var this$1 = this;

          this.location = null;
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
              var location = arguments[0];
              this.init(location.length);
            } else if (Number.isInteger(arguments[0])) {
              var on = arguments[0];
              this.init(1);
              this.location[Position.ON] = on;
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof TopologyLocation) {
              var gl = arguments[0];
              this.init(gl.location.length);
              if (gl !== null) {
                for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
                  this$1.location[i] = gl.location[i];
                }
              }
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var on$1 = arguments[0];
            var left = arguments[1];
            var right = arguments[2];
            this.init(3);
            this.location[Position.ON] = on$1;
            this.location[Position.LEFT] = left;
            this.location[Position.RIGHT] = right;
          }
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.setAllLocations = function setAllLocations (locValue) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
            this$1.location[i] = locValue;
          }
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.isNull = function isNull () {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
            if (this$1.location[i] !== Location.NONE) { return false }
          }
          return true
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.setAllLocationsIfNull = function setAllLocationsIfNull (locValue) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
            if (this$1.location[i] === Location.NONE) { this$1.location[i] = locValue; }
          }
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.isLine = function isLine () {
          return this.location.length === 1
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.merge = function merge (gl) {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (gl.location.length > this.location.length) {
            var newLoc = new Array(3).fill(null);
            newLoc[Position.ON] = this.location[Position.ON];
            newLoc[Position.LEFT] = Location.NONE;
            newLoc[Position.RIGHT] = Location.NONE;
            this.location = newLoc;
          }
          for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
            if (this$1.location[i] === Location.NONE && i < gl.location.length) { this$1.location[i] = gl.location[i]; }
          }
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.getLocations = function getLocations () {
          return this.location
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.flip = function flip () {
          if (this.location.length <= 1) { return null }
          var temp = this.location[Position.LEFT];
          this.location[Position.LEFT] = this.location[Position.RIGHT];
          this.location[Position.RIGHT] = temp;
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          var buf = new StringBuffer();
          if (this.location.length > 1) { buf.append(Location.toLocationSymbol(this.location[Position.LEFT])); }
          buf.append(Location.toLocationSymbol(this.location[Position.ON]));
          if (this.location.length > 1) { buf.append(Location.toLocationSymbol(this.location[Position.RIGHT])); }
          return buf.toString()
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.setLocations = function setLocations (on, left, right) {
          this.location[Position.ON] = on;
          this.location[Position.LEFT] = left;
          this.location[Position.RIGHT] = right;
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.get = function get (posIndex) {
          if (posIndex < this.location.length) { return this.location[posIndex] }
          return Location.NONE
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.isArea = function isArea () {
          return this.location.length > 1
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.isAnyNull = function isAnyNull () {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
            if (this$1.location[i] === Location.NONE) { return true }
          }
          return false
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.setLocation = function setLocation () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var locValue = arguments[0];
            this.setLocation(Position.ON, locValue);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var locIndex = arguments[0];
            var locValue$1 = arguments[1];
            this.location[locIndex] = locValue$1;
          }
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.init = function init (size) {
          this.location = new Array(size).fill(null);
          this.setAllLocations(Location.NONE);
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.isEqualOnSide = function isEqualOnSide (le, locIndex) {
          return this.location[locIndex] === le.location[locIndex]
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.allPositionsEqual = function allPositionsEqual (loc) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this.location.length; i++) {
            if (this$1.location[i] !== loc) { return false }
          }
          return true
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        TopologyLocation.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return TopologyLocation
        };

        var Label = function Label () {
          this.elt = new Array(2).fill(null);
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            if (Number.isInteger(arguments[0])) {
              var onLoc = arguments[0];
              this.elt[0] = new TopologyLocation(onLoc);
              this.elt[1] = new TopologyLocation(onLoc);
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Label) {
              var lbl = arguments[0];
              this.elt[0] = new TopologyLocation(lbl.elt[0]);
              this.elt[1] = new TopologyLocation(lbl.elt[1]);
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var geomIndex = arguments[0];
            var onLoc$1 = arguments[1];
            this.elt[0] = new TopologyLocation(Location.NONE);
            this.elt[1] = new TopologyLocation(Location.NONE);
            this.elt[geomIndex].setLocation(onLoc$1);
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var onLoc$2 = arguments[0];
            var leftLoc = arguments[1];
            var rightLoc = arguments[2];
            this.elt[0] = new TopologyLocation(onLoc$2, leftLoc, rightLoc);
            this.elt[1] = new TopologyLocation(onLoc$2, leftLoc, rightLoc);
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var geomIndex$1 = arguments[0];
            var onLoc$3 = arguments[1];
            var leftLoc$1 = arguments[2];
            var rightLoc$1 = arguments[3];
            this.elt[0] = new TopologyLocation(Location.NONE, Location.NONE, Location.NONE);
            this.elt[1] = new TopologyLocation(Location.NONE, Location.NONE, Location.NONE);
            this.elt[geomIndex$1].setLocations(onLoc$3, leftLoc$1, rightLoc$1);
          }
        };
        Label.prototype.getGeometryCount = function getGeometryCount () {
          var count = 0;
          if (!this.elt[0].isNull()) { count++; }
          if (!this.elt[1].isNull()) { count++; }
          return count
        };
        Label.prototype.setAllLocations = function setAllLocations (geomIndex, location) {
          this.elt[geomIndex].setAllLocations(location);
        };
        Label.prototype.isNull = function isNull (geomIndex) {
          return this.elt[geomIndex].isNull()
        };
        Label.prototype.setAllLocationsIfNull = function setAllLocationsIfNull () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var location = arguments[0];
            this.setAllLocationsIfNull(0, location);
            this.setAllLocationsIfNull(1, location);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var geomIndex = arguments[0];
            var location$1 = arguments[1];
            this.elt[geomIndex].setAllLocationsIfNull(location$1);
          }
        };
        Label.prototype.isLine = function isLine (geomIndex) {
          return this.elt[geomIndex].isLine()
        };
        Label.prototype.merge = function merge (lbl) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            if (this$1.elt[i] === null && lbl.elt[i] !== null) {
              this$1.elt[i] = new TopologyLocation(lbl.elt[i]);
            } else {
              this$1.elt[i].merge(lbl.elt[i]);
            }
          }
        };
        Label.prototype.flip = function flip () {
          this.elt[0].flip();
          this.elt[1].flip();
        };
        Label.prototype.getLocation = function getLocation () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geomIndex = arguments[0];
            return this.elt[geomIndex].get(Position.ON)
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var geomIndex$1 = arguments[0];
            var posIndex = arguments[1];
            return this.elt[geomIndex$1].get(posIndex)
          }
        };
        Label.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          var buf = new StringBuffer();
          if (this.elt[0] !== null) {
            buf.append('A:');
            buf.append(this.elt[0].toString());
          }
          if (this.elt[1] !== null) {
            buf.append(' B:');
            buf.append(this.elt[1].toString());
          }
          return buf.toString()
        };
        Label.prototype.isArea = function isArea () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            return this.elt[0].isArea() || this.elt[1].isArea()
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geomIndex = arguments[0];
            return this.elt[geomIndex].isArea()
          }
        };
        Label.prototype.isAnyNull = function isAnyNull (geomIndex) {
          return this.elt[geomIndex].isAnyNull()
        };
        Label.prototype.setLocation = function setLocation () {
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var geomIndex = arguments[0];
            var location = arguments[1];
            this.elt[geomIndex].setLocation(Position.ON, location);
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var geomIndex$1 = arguments[0];
            var posIndex = arguments[1];
            var location$1 = arguments[2];
            this.elt[geomIndex$1].setLocation(posIndex, location$1);
          }
        };
        Label.prototype.isEqualOnSide = function isEqualOnSide (lbl, side) {
          return this.elt[0].isEqualOnSide(lbl.elt[0], side) && this.elt[1].isEqualOnSide(lbl.elt[1], side)
        };
        Label.prototype.allPositionsEqual = function allPositionsEqual (geomIndex, loc) {
          return this.elt[geomIndex].allPositionsEqual(loc)
        };
        Label.prototype.toLine = function toLine (geomIndex) {
          if (this.elt[geomIndex].isArea()) { this.elt[geomIndex] = new TopologyLocation(this.elt[geomIndex].location[0]); }
        };
        Label.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Label.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Label
        };
        Label.toLineLabel = function toLineLabel (label) {
          var lineLabel = new Label(Location.NONE);
          for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            lineLabel.setLocation(i, label.getLocation(i));
          }
          return lineLabel
        };

        var EdgeRing = function EdgeRing () {
          this._startDe = null;
          this._maxNodeDegree = -1;
          this._edges = new ArrayList();
          this._pts = new ArrayList();
          this._label = new Label(Location.NONE);
          this._ring = null;
          this._isHole = null;
          this._shell = null;
          this._holes = new ArrayList();
          this._geometryFactory = null;
          var start = arguments[0];
          var geometryFactory = arguments[1];
          this._geometryFactory = geometryFactory;
          this.computePoints(start);
          this.computeRing();
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.computeRing = function computeRing () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (this._ring !== null) { return null }
          var coord = new Array(this._pts.size()).fill(null);
          for (var i = 0; i < this._pts.size(); i++) {
            coord[i] = this$1._pts.get(i);
          }
          this._ring = this._geometryFactory.createLinearRing(coord);
          this._isHole = CGAlgorithms.isCCW(this._ring.getCoordinates());
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.isIsolated = function isIsolated () {
          return this._label.getGeometryCount() === 1
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.computePoints = function computePoints (start) {
            var this$1 = this;

          this._startDe = start;
          var de = start;
          var isFirstEdge = true;
          do {
            if (de === null) { throw new TopologyException('Found null DirectedEdge') }
            if (de.getEdgeRing() === this$1) { throw new TopologyException('Directed Edge visited twice during ring-building at ' + de.getCoordinate()) }
            this$1._edges.add(de);
            var label = de.getLabel();
            Assert.isTrue(label.isArea());
            this$1.mergeLabel(label);
            this$1.addPoints(de.getEdge(), de.isForward(), isFirstEdge);
            isFirstEdge = false;
            this$1.setEdgeRing(de, this$1);
            de = this$1.getNext(de);
          } while (de !== this._startDe)
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.getLinearRing = function getLinearRing () {
          return this._ring
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
          return this._pts.get(i)
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.computeMaxNodeDegree = function computeMaxNodeDegree () {
            var this$1 = this;

          this._maxNodeDegree = 0;
          var de = this._startDe;
          do {
            var node = de.getNode();
            var degree = node.getEdges().getOutgoingDegree(this$1);
            if (degree > this$1._maxNodeDegree) { this$1._maxNodeDegree = degree; }
            de = this$1.getNext(de);
          } while (de !== this._startDe)
          this._maxNodeDegree *= 2;
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.addPoints = function addPoints (edge, isForward, isFirstEdge) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var edgePts = edge.getCoordinates();
          if (isForward) {
            var startIndex = 1;
            if (isFirstEdge) { startIndex = 0; }
            for (var i = startIndex; i < edgePts.length; i++) {
              this$1._pts.add(edgePts[i]);
            }
          } else {
            var startIndex$1 = edgePts.length - 2;
            if (isFirstEdge) { startIndex$1 = edgePts.length - 1; }
            for (var i$1 = startIndex$1; i$1 >= 0; i$1--) {
              this$1._pts.add(edgePts[i$1]);
            }
          }
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.isHole = function isHole () {
          return this._isHole
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.setInResult = function setInResult () {
          var de = this._startDe;
          do {
            de.getEdge().setInResult(true);
            de = de.getNext();
          } while (de !== this._startDe)
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.containsPoint = function containsPoint (p) {
          var shell = this.getLinearRing();
          var env = shell.getEnvelopeInternal();
          if (!env.contains(p)) { return false }
          if (!CGAlgorithms.isPointInRing(p, shell.getCoordinates())) { return false }
          for (var i = this._holes.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var hole = i.next();
            if (hole.containsPoint(p)) { return false }
          }
          return true
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.addHole = function addHole (ring) {
          this._holes.add(ring);
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.isShell = function isShell () {
          return this._shell === null
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.getLabel = function getLabel () {
          return this._label
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.getEdges = function getEdges () {
          return this._edges
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.getMaxNodeDegree = function getMaxNodeDegree () {
          if (this._maxNodeDegree < 0) { this.computeMaxNodeDegree(); }
          return this._maxNodeDegree
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.getShell = function getShell () {
          return this._shell
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.mergeLabel = function mergeLabel () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var deLabel = arguments[0];
            this.mergeLabel(deLabel, 0);
            this.mergeLabel(deLabel, 1);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var deLabel$1 = arguments[0];
            var geomIndex = arguments[1];
            var loc = deLabel$1.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.RIGHT);
            if (loc === Location.NONE) { return null }
            if (this._label.getLocation(geomIndex) === Location.NONE) {
              this._label.setLocation(geomIndex, loc);
              return null
            }
          }
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.setShell = function setShell (shell) {
          this._shell = shell;
          if (shell !== null) { shell.addHole(this); }
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.toPolygon = function toPolygon (geometryFactory) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var holeLR = new Array(this._holes.size()).fill(null);
          for (var i = 0; i < this._holes.size(); i++) {
            holeLR[i] = this$1._holes.get(i).getLinearRing();
          }
          var poly = geometryFactory.createPolygon(this.getLinearRing(), holeLR);
          return poly
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        EdgeRing.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return EdgeRing
        };

        var MinimalEdgeRing = (function (EdgeRing$$1) {
          function MinimalEdgeRing () {
            var start = arguments[0];
            var geometryFactory = arguments[1];
            EdgeRing$$1.call(this, start, geometryFactory);
          }

          if ( EdgeRing$$1 ) { MinimalEdgeRing.__proto__ = EdgeRing$$1; }
          MinimalEdgeRing.prototype = Object.create( EdgeRing$$1 && EdgeRing$$1.prototype );
          MinimalEdgeRing.prototype.constructor = MinimalEdgeRing;
          MinimalEdgeRing.prototype.setEdgeRing = function setEdgeRing (de, er) {
            de.setMinEdgeRing(er);
          };
          MinimalEdgeRing.prototype.getNext = function getNext (de) {
            return de.getNextMin()
          };
          MinimalEdgeRing.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          MinimalEdgeRing.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return MinimalEdgeRing
          };

          return MinimalEdgeRing;
        }(EdgeRing));

        var MaximalEdgeRing = (function (EdgeRing$$1) {
          function MaximalEdgeRing () {
            var start = arguments[0];
            var geometryFactory = arguments[1];
            EdgeRing$$1.call(this, start, geometryFactory);
          }

          if ( EdgeRing$$1 ) { MaximalEdgeRing.__proto__ = EdgeRing$$1; }
          MaximalEdgeRing.prototype = Object.create( EdgeRing$$1 && EdgeRing$$1.prototype );
          MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.constructor = MaximalEdgeRing;
          MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.buildMinimalRings = function buildMinimalRings () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var minEdgeRings = new ArrayList();
            var de = this._startDe;
            do {
              if (de.getMinEdgeRing() === null) {
                var minEr = new MinimalEdgeRing(de, this$1._geometryFactory);
                minEdgeRings.add(minEr);
              }
              de = de.getNext();
            } while (de !== this._startDe)
            return minEdgeRings
          };
          MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.setEdgeRing = function setEdgeRing (de, er) {
            de.setEdgeRing(er);
          };
          MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.linkDirectedEdgesForMinimalEdgeRings = function linkDirectedEdgesForMinimalEdgeRings () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var de = this._startDe;
            do {
              var node = de.getNode();
              node.getEdges().linkMinimalDirectedEdges(this$1);
              de = de.getNext();
            } while (de !== this._startDe)
          };
          MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.getNext = function getNext (de) {
            return de.getNext()
          };
          MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          MaximalEdgeRing.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return MaximalEdgeRing
          };

          return MaximalEdgeRing;
        }(EdgeRing));

        var GraphComponent = function GraphComponent () {
          this._label = null;
          this._isInResult = false;
          this._isCovered = false;
          this._isCoveredSet = false;
          this._isVisited = false;
          if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var label = arguments[0];
            this._label = label;
          }
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.setVisited = function setVisited (isVisited) {
          this._isVisited = isVisited;
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.setInResult = function setInResult (isInResult) {
          this._isInResult = isInResult;
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.isCovered = function isCovered () {
          return this._isCovered
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.isCoveredSet = function isCoveredSet () {
          return this._isCoveredSet
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.setLabel = function setLabel (label) {
          this._label = label;
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.getLabel = function getLabel () {
          return this._label
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.setCovered = function setCovered (isCovered) {
          this._isCovered = isCovered;
          this._isCoveredSet = true;
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.updateIM = function updateIM (im) {
          Assert.isTrue(this._label.getGeometryCount() >= 2, 'found partial label');
          this.computeIM(im);
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.isInResult = function isInResult () {
          return this._isInResult
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.isVisited = function isVisited () {
          return this._isVisited
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GraphComponent.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GraphComponent
        };

        var Node$1 = (function (GraphComponent$$1) {
          function Node () {
            GraphComponent$$1.call(this);
            this._coord = null;
            this._edges = null;
            var coord = arguments[0];
            var edges = arguments[1];
            this._coord = coord;
            this._edges = edges;
            this._label = new Label(0, Location.NONE);
          }

          if ( GraphComponent$$1 ) { Node.__proto__ = GraphComponent$$1; }
          Node.prototype = Object.create( GraphComponent$$1 && GraphComponent$$1.prototype );
          Node.prototype.constructor = Node;
          Node.prototype.isIncidentEdgeInResult = function isIncidentEdgeInResult () {
            for (var it = this.getEdges().getEdges().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var de = it.next();
              if (de.getEdge().isInResult()) { return true }
            }
            return false
          };
          Node.prototype.isIsolated = function isIsolated () {
            return this._label.getGeometryCount() === 1
          };
          Node.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
            return this._coord
          };
          Node.prototype.print = function print (out) {
            out.println('node ' + this._coord + ' lbl: ' + this._label);
          };
          Node.prototype.computeIM = function computeIM (im) {};
          Node.prototype.computeMergedLocation = function computeMergedLocation (label2, eltIndex) {
            var loc = Location.NONE;
            loc = this._label.getLocation(eltIndex);
            if (!label2.isNull(eltIndex)) {
              var nLoc = label2.getLocation(eltIndex);
              if (loc !== Location.BOUNDARY) { loc = nLoc; }
            }
            return loc
          };
          Node.prototype.setLabel = function setLabel () {
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var argIndex = arguments[0];
              var onLocation = arguments[1];
              if (this._label === null) {
                this._label = new Label(argIndex, onLocation);
              } else { this._label.setLocation(argIndex, onLocation); }
            } else { return GraphComponent$$1.prototype.setLabel.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          Node.prototype.getEdges = function getEdges () {
            return this._edges
          };
          Node.prototype.mergeLabel = function mergeLabel () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments[0] instanceof Node) {
              var n = arguments[0];
              this.mergeLabel(n._label);
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Label) {
              var label2 = arguments[0];
              for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
                var loc = this$1.computeMergedLocation(label2, i);
                var thisLoc = this$1._label.getLocation(i);
                if (thisLoc === Location.NONE) { this$1._label.setLocation(i, loc); }
              }
            }
          };
          Node.prototype.add = function add (e) {
            this._edges.insert(e);
            e.setNode(this);
          };
          Node.prototype.setLabelBoundary = function setLabelBoundary (argIndex) {
            if (this._label === null) { return null }
            var loc = Location.NONE;
            if (this._label !== null) { loc = this._label.getLocation(argIndex); }
            var newLoc = null;
            switch (loc) {
              case Location.BOUNDARY:
                newLoc = Location.INTERIOR;
                break
              case Location.INTERIOR:
                newLoc = Location.BOUNDARY;
                break
              default:
                newLoc = Location.BOUNDARY;
                break
            }
            this._label.setLocation(argIndex, newLoc);
          };
          Node.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          Node.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return Node
          };

          return Node;
        }(GraphComponent));

        var NodeMap = function NodeMap () {
          this.nodeMap = new TreeMap();
          this.nodeFact = null;
          var nodeFact = arguments[0];
          this.nodeFact = nodeFact;
        };
        NodeMap.prototype.find = function find (coord) {
          return this.nodeMap.get(coord)
        };
        NodeMap.prototype.addNode = function addNode () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
            var coord = arguments[0];
            var node = this.nodeMap.get(coord);
            if (node === null) {
              node = this.nodeFact.createNode(coord);
              this.nodeMap.put(coord, node);
            }
            return node
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Node$1) {
            var n = arguments[0];
            var node$1 = this.nodeMap.get(n.getCoordinate());
            if (node$1 === null) {
              this.nodeMap.put(n.getCoordinate(), n);
              return n
            }
            node$1.mergeLabel(n);
            return node$1
          }
        };
        NodeMap.prototype.print = function print (out) {
          for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var n = it.next();
            n.print(out);
          }
        };
        NodeMap.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
          return this.nodeMap.values().iterator()
        };
        NodeMap.prototype.values = function values () {
          return this.nodeMap.values()
        };
        NodeMap.prototype.getBoundaryNodes = function getBoundaryNodes (geomIndex) {
          var bdyNodes = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = this.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var node = i.next();
            if (node.getLabel().getLocation(geomIndex) === Location.BOUNDARY) { bdyNodes.add(node); }
          }
          return bdyNodes
        };
        NodeMap.prototype.add = function add (e) {
          var p = e.getCoordinate();
          var n = this.addNode(p);
          n.add(e);
        };
        NodeMap.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        NodeMap.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return NodeMap
        };

        var Quadrant = function Quadrant () {};

        var staticAccessors$21 = { NE: { configurable: true },NW: { configurable: true },SW: { configurable: true },SE: { configurable: true } };

        Quadrant.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Quadrant.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Quadrant
        };
        Quadrant.isNorthern = function isNorthern (quad) {
          return quad === Quadrant.NE || quad === Quadrant.NW
        };
        Quadrant.isOpposite = function isOpposite (quad1, quad2) {
          if (quad1 === quad2) { return false }
          var diff = (quad1 - quad2 + 4) % 4;
          if (diff === 2) { return true }
          return false
        };
        Quadrant.commonHalfPlane = function commonHalfPlane (quad1, quad2) {
          if (quad1 === quad2) { return quad1 }
          var diff = (quad1 - quad2 + 4) % 4;
          if (diff === 2) { return -1 }
          var min = quad1 < quad2 ? quad1 : quad2;
          var max = quad1 > quad2 ? quad1 : quad2;
          if (min === 0 && max === 3) { return 3 }
          return min
        };
        Quadrant.isInHalfPlane = function isInHalfPlane (quad, halfPlane) {
          if (halfPlane === Quadrant.SE) {
            return quad === Quadrant.SE || quad === Quadrant.SW
          }
          return quad === halfPlane || quad === halfPlane + 1
        };
        Quadrant.quadrant = function quadrant () {
          if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number' && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
            var dx = arguments[0];
            var dy = arguments[1];
            if (dx === 0.0 && dy === 0.0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Cannot compute the quadrant for point ( ' + dx + ', ' + dy + ' )') }
            if (dx >= 0.0) {
              if (dy >= 0.0) { return Quadrant.NE; } else { return Quadrant.SE }
            } else {
              if (dy >= 0.0) { return Quadrant.NW; } else { return Quadrant.SW }
            }
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate) {
            var p0 = arguments[0];
            var p1 = arguments[1];
            if (p1.x === p0.x && p1.y === p0.y) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Cannot compute the quadrant for two identical points ' + p0) }
            if (p1.x >= p0.x) {
              if (p1.y >= p0.y) { return Quadrant.NE; } else { return Quadrant.SE }
            } else {
              if (p1.y >= p0.y) { return Quadrant.NW; } else { return Quadrant.SW }
            }
          }
        };
        staticAccessors$21.NE.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors$21.NW.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$21.SW.get = function () { return 2 };
        staticAccessors$21.SE.get = function () { return 3 };

        Object.defineProperties( Quadrant, staticAccessors$21 );

        var EdgeEnd = function EdgeEnd () {
          this._edge = null;
          this._label = null;
          this._node = null;
          this._p0 = null;
          this._p1 = null;
          this._dx = null;
          this._dy = null;
          this._quadrant = null;
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var edge = arguments[0];
            this._edge = edge;
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var edge$1 = arguments[0];
            var p0 = arguments[1];
            var p1 = arguments[2];
            var label = null;
            this._edge = edge$1;
            this.init(p0, p1);
            this._label = label;
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var edge$2 = arguments[0];
            var p0$1 = arguments[1];
            var p1$1 = arguments[2];
            var label$1 = arguments[3];
            this._edge = edge$2;
            this.init(p0$1, p1$1);
            this._label = label$1;
          }
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.compareDirection = function compareDirection (e) {
          if (this._dx === e._dx && this._dy === e._dy) { return 0 }
          if (this._quadrant > e._quadrant) { return 1 }
          if (this._quadrant < e._quadrant) { return -1 }
          return CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(e._p0, e._p1, this._p1)
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.getDy = function getDy () {
          return this._dy
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
          return this._p0
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.setNode = function setNode (node) {
          this._node = node;
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.print = function print (out) {
          var angle = Math.atan2(this._dy, this._dx);
          var className = this.getClass().getName();
          var lastDotPos = className.lastIndexOf('.');
          var name = className.substring(lastDotPos + 1);
          out.print('  ' + name + ': ' + this._p0 + ' - ' + this._p1 + ' ' + this._quadrant + ':' + angle + '   ' + this._label);
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (obj) {
          var e = obj;
          return this.compareDirection(e)
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.getDirectedCoordinate = function getDirectedCoordinate () {
          return this._p1
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.getDx = function getDx () {
          return this._dx
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.getLabel = function getLabel () {
          return this._label
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.getEdge = function getEdge () {
          return this._edge
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.getQuadrant = function getQuadrant () {
          return this._quadrant
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.getNode = function getNode () {
          return this._node
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          var angle = Math.atan2(this._dy, this._dx);
          var className = this.getClass().getName();
          var lastDotPos = className.lastIndexOf('.');
          var name = className.substring(lastDotPos + 1);
          return '  ' + name + ': ' + this._p0 + ' - ' + this._p1 + ' ' + this._quadrant + ':' + angle + '   ' + this._label
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.computeLabel = function computeLabel (boundaryNodeRule) {};
        EdgeEnd.prototype.init = function init (p0, p1) {
          this._p0 = p0;
          this._p1 = p1;
          this._dx = p1.x - p0.x;
          this._dy = p1.y - p0.y;
          this._quadrant = Quadrant.quadrant(this._dx, this._dy);
          Assert.isTrue(!(this._dx === 0 && this._dy === 0), 'EdgeEnd with identical endpoints found');
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable]
        };
        EdgeEnd.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return EdgeEnd
        };

        var DirectedEdge = (function (EdgeEnd$$1) {
          function DirectedEdge () {
            var edge = arguments[0];
            var isForward = arguments[1];
            EdgeEnd$$1.call(this, edge);
            this._isForward = null;
            this._isInResult = false;
            this._isVisited = false;
            this._sym = null;
            this._next = null;
            this._nextMin = null;
            this._edgeRing = null;
            this._minEdgeRing = null;
            this._depth = [0, -999, -999];
            this._isForward = isForward;
            if (isForward) {
              this.init(edge.getCoordinate(0), edge.getCoordinate(1));
            } else {
              var n = edge.getNumPoints() - 1;
              this.init(edge.getCoordinate(n), edge.getCoordinate(n - 1));
            }
            this.computeDirectedLabel();
          }

          if ( EdgeEnd$$1 ) { DirectedEdge.__proto__ = EdgeEnd$$1; }
          DirectedEdge.prototype = Object.create( EdgeEnd$$1 && EdgeEnd$$1.prototype );
          DirectedEdge.prototype.constructor = DirectedEdge;
          DirectedEdge.prototype.getNextMin = function getNextMin () {
            return this._nextMin
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.getDepth = function getDepth (position) {
            return this._depth[position]
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.setVisited = function setVisited (isVisited) {
            this._isVisited = isVisited;
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.computeDirectedLabel = function computeDirectedLabel () {
            this._label = new Label(this._edge.getLabel());
            if (!this._isForward) { this._label.flip(); }
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.getNext = function getNext () {
            return this._next
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.setDepth = function setDepth (position, depthVal) {
            if (this._depth[position] !== -999) {
              if (this._depth[position] !== depthVal) { throw new TopologyException('assigned depths do not match', this.getCoordinate()) }
            }
            this._depth[position] = depthVal;
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.isInteriorAreaEdge = function isInteriorAreaEdge () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var isInteriorAreaEdge = true;
            for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
              if (!(this$1._label.isArea(i) && this$1._label.getLocation(i, Position.LEFT) === Location.INTERIOR && this$1._label.getLocation(i, Position.RIGHT) === Location.INTERIOR)) {
                isInteriorAreaEdge = false;
              }
            }
            return isInteriorAreaEdge
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.setNextMin = function setNextMin (nextMin) {
            this._nextMin = nextMin;
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.print = function print (out) {
            EdgeEnd$$1.prototype.print.call(this, out);
            out.print(' ' + this._depth[Position.LEFT] + '/' + this._depth[Position.RIGHT]);
            out.print(' (' + this.getDepthDelta() + ')');
            if (this._isInResult) { out.print(' inResult'); }
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.setMinEdgeRing = function setMinEdgeRing (minEdgeRing) {
            this._minEdgeRing = minEdgeRing;
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.isLineEdge = function isLineEdge () {
            var isLine = this._label.isLine(0) || this._label.isLine(1);
            var isExteriorIfArea0 = !this._label.isArea(0) || this._label.allPositionsEqual(0, Location.EXTERIOR);
            var isExteriorIfArea1 = !this._label.isArea(1) || this._label.allPositionsEqual(1, Location.EXTERIOR);
            return isLine && isExteriorIfArea0 && isExteriorIfArea1
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.setEdgeRing = function setEdgeRing (edgeRing) {
            this._edgeRing = edgeRing;
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.getMinEdgeRing = function getMinEdgeRing () {
            return this._minEdgeRing
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.getDepthDelta = function getDepthDelta () {
            var depthDelta = this._edge.getDepthDelta();
            if (!this._isForward) { depthDelta = -depthDelta; }
            return depthDelta
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.setInResult = function setInResult (isInResult) {
            this._isInResult = isInResult;
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.getSym = function getSym () {
            return this._sym
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.isForward = function isForward () {
            return this._isForward
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.getEdge = function getEdge () {
            return this._edge
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.printEdge = function printEdge (out) {
            this.print(out);
            out.print(' ');
            if (this._isForward) { this._edge.print(out); } else { this._edge.printReverse(out); }
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.setSym = function setSym (de) {
            this._sym = de;
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.setVisitedEdge = function setVisitedEdge (isVisited) {
            this.setVisited(isVisited);
            this._sym.setVisited(isVisited);
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.setEdgeDepths = function setEdgeDepths (position, depth) {
            var depthDelta = this.getEdge().getDepthDelta();
            if (!this._isForward) { depthDelta = -depthDelta; }
            var directionFactor = 1;
            if (position === Position.LEFT) { directionFactor = -1; }
            var oppositePos = Position.opposite(position);
            var delta = depthDelta * directionFactor;
            var oppositeDepth = depth + delta;
            this.setDepth(position, depth);
            this.setDepth(oppositePos, oppositeDepth);
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.getEdgeRing = function getEdgeRing () {
            return this._edgeRing
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.isInResult = function isInResult () {
            return this._isInResult
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.setNext = function setNext (next) {
            this._next = next;
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.isVisited = function isVisited () {
            return this._isVisited
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          DirectedEdge.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return DirectedEdge
          };
          DirectedEdge.depthFactor = function depthFactor (currLocation, nextLocation) {
            if (currLocation === Location.EXTERIOR && nextLocation === Location.INTERIOR) { return 1; } else if (currLocation === Location.INTERIOR && nextLocation === Location.EXTERIOR) { return -1 }
            return 0
          };

          return DirectedEdge;
        }(EdgeEnd));

        var NodeFactory = function NodeFactory () {};

        NodeFactory.prototype.createNode = function createNode (coord) {
          return new Node$1(coord, null)
        };
        NodeFactory.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        NodeFactory.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return NodeFactory
        };

        var PlanarGraph = function PlanarGraph () {
          this._edges = new ArrayList();
          this._nodes = null;
          this._edgeEndList = new ArrayList();
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this._nodes = new NodeMap(new NodeFactory());
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var nodeFact = arguments[0];
            this._nodes = new NodeMap(nodeFact);
          }
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.printEdges = function printEdges (out) {
            var this$1 = this;

          out.println('Edges:');
          for (var i = 0; i < this._edges.size(); i++) {
            out.println('edge ' + i + ':');
            var e = this$1._edges.get(i);
            e.print(out);
            e.eiList.print(out);
          }
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.find = function find (coord) {
          return this._nodes.find(coord)
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.addNode = function addNode () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof Node$1) {
            var node = arguments[0];
            return this._nodes.addNode(node)
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
            var coord = arguments[0];
            return this._nodes.addNode(coord)
          }
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.getNodeIterator = function getNodeIterator () {
          return this._nodes.iterator()
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.linkResultDirectedEdges = function linkResultDirectedEdges () {
          for (var nodeit = this._nodes.iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
            var node = nodeit.next();
            node.getEdges().linkResultDirectedEdges();
          }
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.debugPrintln = function debugPrintln (o) {
          System.out.println(o);
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.isBoundaryNode = function isBoundaryNode (geomIndex, coord) {
          var node = this._nodes.find(coord);
          if (node === null) { return false }
          var label = node.getLabel();
          if (label !== null && label.getLocation(geomIndex) === Location.BOUNDARY) { return true }
          return false
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.linkAllDirectedEdges = function linkAllDirectedEdges () {
          for (var nodeit = this._nodes.iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
            var node = nodeit.next();
            node.getEdges().linkAllDirectedEdges();
          }
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.matchInSameDirection = function matchInSameDirection (p0, p1, ep0, ep1) {
          if (!p0.equals(ep0)) { return false }
          if (CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(p0, p1, ep1) === CGAlgorithms.COLLINEAR && Quadrant.quadrant(p0, p1) === Quadrant.quadrant(ep0, ep1)) { return true }
          return false
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.getEdgeEnds = function getEdgeEnds () {
          return this._edgeEndList
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.debugPrint = function debugPrint (o) {
          System.out.print(o);
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.getEdgeIterator = function getEdgeIterator () {
          return this._edges.iterator()
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.findEdgeInSameDirection = function findEdgeInSameDirection (p0, p1) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this._edges.size(); i++) {
            var e = this$1._edges.get(i);
            var eCoord = e.getCoordinates();
            if (this$1.matchInSameDirection(p0, p1, eCoord[0], eCoord[1])) { return e }
            if (this$1.matchInSameDirection(p0, p1, eCoord[eCoord.length - 1], eCoord[eCoord.length - 2])) { return e }
          }
          return null
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.insertEdge = function insertEdge (e) {
          this._edges.add(e);
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.findEdgeEnd = function findEdgeEnd (e) {
          for (var i = this.getEdgeEnds().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var ee = i.next();
            if (ee.getEdge() === e) { return ee }
          }
          return null
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.addEdges = function addEdges (edgesToAdd) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var it = edgesToAdd.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var e = it.next();
            this$1._edges.add(e);
            var de1 = new DirectedEdge(e, true);
            var de2 = new DirectedEdge(e, false);
            de1.setSym(de2);
            de2.setSym(de1);
            this$1.add(de1);
            this$1.add(de2);
          }
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.add = function add (e) {
          this._nodes.add(e);
          this._edgeEndList.add(e);
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.getNodes = function getNodes () {
          return this._nodes.values()
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.findEdge = function findEdge (p0, p1) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this._edges.size(); i++) {
            var e = this$1._edges.get(i);
            var eCoord = e.getCoordinates();
            if (p0.equals(eCoord[0]) && p1.equals(eCoord[1])) { return e }
          }
          return null
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        PlanarGraph.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PlanarGraph
        };
        PlanarGraph.linkResultDirectedEdges = function linkResultDirectedEdges (nodes) {
          for (var nodeit = nodes.iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
            var node = nodeit.next();
            node.getEdges().linkResultDirectedEdges();
          }
        };

        var PolygonBuilder = function PolygonBuilder () {
          this._geometryFactory = null;
          this._shellList = new ArrayList();
          var geometryFactory = arguments[0];
          this._geometryFactory = geometryFactory;
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.sortShellsAndHoles = function sortShellsAndHoles (edgeRings, shellList, freeHoleList) {
          for (var it = edgeRings.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var er = it.next();
            if (er.isHole()) {
              freeHoleList.add(er);
            } else {
              shellList.add(er);
            }
          }
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.computePolygons = function computePolygons (shellList) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var resultPolyList = new ArrayList();
          for (var it = shellList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var er = it.next();
            var poly = er.toPolygon(this$1._geometryFactory);
            resultPolyList.add(poly);
          }
          return resultPolyList
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.placeFreeHoles = function placeFreeHoles (shellList, freeHoleList) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var it = freeHoleList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var hole = it.next();
            if (hole.getShell() === null) {
              var shell = this$1.findEdgeRingContaining(hole, shellList);
              if (shell === null) { throw new TopologyException('unable to assign hole to a shell', hole.getCoordinate(0)) }
              hole.setShell(shell);
            }
          }
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.buildMinimalEdgeRings = function buildMinimalEdgeRings (maxEdgeRings, shellList, freeHoleList) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var edgeRings = new ArrayList();
          for (var it = maxEdgeRings.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var er = it.next();
            if (er.getMaxNodeDegree() > 2) {
              er.linkDirectedEdgesForMinimalEdgeRings();
              var minEdgeRings = er.buildMinimalRings();
              var shell = this$1.findShell(minEdgeRings);
              if (shell !== null) {
                this$1.placePolygonHoles(shell, minEdgeRings);
                shellList.add(shell);
              } else {
                freeHoleList.addAll(minEdgeRings);
              }
            } else {
              edgeRings.add(er);
            }
          }
          return edgeRings
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.containsPoint = function containsPoint (p) {
          for (var it = this._shellList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var er = it.next();
            if (er.containsPoint(p)) { return true }
          }
          return false
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.buildMaximalEdgeRings = function buildMaximalEdgeRings (dirEdges) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var maxEdgeRings = new ArrayList();
          for (var it = dirEdges.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var de = it.next();
            if (de.isInResult() && de.getLabel().isArea()) {
              if (de.getEdgeRing() === null) {
                var er = new MaximalEdgeRing(de, this$1._geometryFactory);
                maxEdgeRings.add(er);
                er.setInResult();
              }
            }
          }
          return maxEdgeRings
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.placePolygonHoles = function placePolygonHoles (shell, minEdgeRings) {
          for (var it = minEdgeRings.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var er = it.next();
            if (er.isHole()) {
              er.setShell(shell);
            }
          }
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.getPolygons = function getPolygons () {
          var resultPolyList = this.computePolygons(this._shellList);
          return resultPolyList
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.findEdgeRingContaining = function findEdgeRingContaining (testEr, shellList) {
          var testRing = testEr.getLinearRing();
          var testEnv = testRing.getEnvelopeInternal();
          var testPt = testRing.getCoordinateN(0);
          var minShell = null;
          var minEnv = null;
          for (var it = shellList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var tryShell = it.next();
            var tryRing = tryShell.getLinearRing();
            var tryEnv = tryRing.getEnvelopeInternal();
            if (minShell !== null) { minEnv = minShell.getLinearRing().getEnvelopeInternal(); }
            var isContained = false;
            if (tryEnv.contains(testEnv) && CGAlgorithms.isPointInRing(testPt, tryRing.getCoordinates())) { isContained = true; }
            if (isContained) {
              if (minShell === null || minEnv.contains(tryEnv)) {
                minShell = tryShell;
              }
            }
          }
          return minShell
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.findShell = function findShell (minEdgeRings) {
          var shellCount = 0;
          var shell = null;
          for (var it = minEdgeRings.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var er = it.next();
            if (!er.isHole()) {
              shell = er;
              shellCount++;
            }
          }
          Assert.isTrue(shellCount <= 1, 'found two shells in MinimalEdgeRing list');
          return shell
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.add = function add () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var graph = arguments[0];
            this.add(graph.getEdgeEnds(), graph.getNodes());
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var dirEdges = arguments[0];
            var nodes = arguments[1];
            PlanarGraph.linkResultDirectedEdges(nodes);
            var maxEdgeRings = this.buildMaximalEdgeRings(dirEdges);
            var freeHoleList = new ArrayList();
            var edgeRings = this.buildMinimalEdgeRings(maxEdgeRings, this._shellList, freeHoleList);
            this.sortShellsAndHoles(edgeRings, this._shellList, freeHoleList);
            this.placeFreeHoles(this._shellList, freeHoleList);
          }
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        PolygonBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PolygonBuilder
        };

        var Boundable = function Boundable () {};

        Boundable.prototype.getBounds = function getBounds () {};
        Boundable.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Boundable.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Boundable
        };

        var ItemBoundable = function ItemBoundable () {
          this._bounds = null;
          this._item = null;
          var bounds = arguments[0];
          var item = arguments[1];
          this._bounds = bounds;
          this._item = item;
        };
        ItemBoundable.prototype.getItem = function getItem () {
          return this._item
        };
        ItemBoundable.prototype.getBounds = function getBounds () {
          return this._bounds
        };
        ItemBoundable.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Boundable, Serializable]
        };
        ItemBoundable.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return ItemBoundable
        };

        var PriorityQueue = function PriorityQueue () {
          this._size = null;
          this._items = null;
          this._size = 0;
          this._items = new ArrayList();
          this._items.add(null);
        };
        PriorityQueue.prototype.poll = function poll () {
          if (this.isEmpty()) { return null }
          var minItem = this._items.get(1);
          this._items.set(1, this._items.get(this._size));
          this._size -= 1;
          this.reorder(1);
          return minItem
        };
        PriorityQueue.prototype.size = function size () {
          return this._size
        };
        PriorityQueue.prototype.reorder = function reorder (hole) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var child = null;
          var tmp = this._items.get(hole);
          for (; hole * 2 <= this._size; hole = child) {
            child = hole * 2;
            if (child !== this$1._size && this$1._items.get(child + 1).compareTo(this$1._items.get(child)) < 0) { child++; }
            if (this$1._items.get(child).compareTo(tmp) < 0) { this$1._items.set(hole, this$1._items.get(child)); } else { break }
          }
          this._items.set(hole, tmp);
        };
        PriorityQueue.prototype.clear = function clear () {
          this._size = 0;
          this._items.clear();
        };
        PriorityQueue.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
          return this._size === 0
        };
        PriorityQueue.prototype.add = function add (x) {
            var this$1 = this;

          this._items.add(null);
          this._size += 1;
          var hole = this._size;
          this._items.set(0, x);
          for (; x.compareTo(this._items.get(Math.trunc(hole / 2))) < 0; hole /= 2) {
            this$1._items.set(hole, this$1._items.get(Math.trunc(hole / 2)));
          }
          this._items.set(hole, x);
        };
        PriorityQueue.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        PriorityQueue.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PriorityQueue
        };

        var ItemVisitor = function ItemVisitor () {};

        ItemVisitor.prototype.visitItem = function visitItem (item) {};
        ItemVisitor.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        ItemVisitor.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return ItemVisitor
        };

        var SpatialIndex = function SpatialIndex () {};

        SpatialIndex.prototype.insert = function insert (itemEnv, item) {};
        SpatialIndex.prototype.remove = function remove (itemEnv, item) {};
        SpatialIndex.prototype.query = function query () {
          // if (arguments.length === 1) {
          // const searchEnv = arguments[0]
          // } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
          // const searchEnv = arguments[0]
          // const visitor = arguments[1]
          // }
        };
        SpatialIndex.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        SpatialIndex.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SpatialIndex
        };

        var AbstractNode = function AbstractNode () {
          this._childBoundables = new ArrayList();
          this._bounds = null;
          this._level = null;
          if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var level = arguments[0];
            this._level = level;
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$22 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
        AbstractNode.prototype.getLevel = function getLevel () {
          return this._level
        };
        AbstractNode.prototype.size = function size () {
          return this._childBoundables.size()
        };
        AbstractNode.prototype.getChildBoundables = function getChildBoundables () {
          return this._childBoundables
        };
        AbstractNode.prototype.addChildBoundable = function addChildBoundable (childBoundable) {
          Assert.isTrue(this._bounds === null);
          this._childBoundables.add(childBoundable);
        };
        AbstractNode.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
          return this._childBoundables.isEmpty()
        };
        AbstractNode.prototype.getBounds = function getBounds () {
          if (this._bounds === null) {
            this._bounds = this.computeBounds();
          }
          return this._bounds
        };
        AbstractNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Boundable, Serializable]
        };
        AbstractNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return AbstractNode
        };
        staticAccessors$22.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 6493722185909573708 };

        Object.defineProperties( AbstractNode, staticAccessors$22 );

        var Collections = function Collections () {};

        Collections.reverseOrder = function reverseOrder () {
          return {
            compare: function compare (a, b) {
              return b.compareTo(a)
            }
          }
        };
        Collections.min = function min (l) {
          Collections.sort(l);
          return l.get(0)
        };
        Collections.sort = function sort (l, c) {
          var a = l.toArray();
          if (c) {
            Arrays.sort(a, c);
          } else {
            Arrays.sort(a);
          }
          var i = l.iterator();
          for (var pos = 0, alen = a.length; pos < alen; pos++) {
            i.next();
            i.set(a[pos]);
          }
        };
        Collections.singletonList = function singletonList (o) {
          var arrayList = new ArrayList();
          arrayList.add(o);
          return arrayList
        };

        var BoundablePair = function BoundablePair () {
          this._boundable1 = null;
          this._boundable2 = null;
          this._distance = null;
          this._itemDistance = null;
          var boundable1 = arguments[0];
          var boundable2 = arguments[1];
          var itemDistance = arguments[2];
          this._boundable1 = boundable1;
          this._boundable2 = boundable2;
          this._itemDistance = itemDistance;
          this._distance = this.distance();
        };
        BoundablePair.prototype.expandToQueue = function expandToQueue (priQ, minDistance) {
          var isComp1 = BoundablePair.isComposite(this._boundable1);
          var isComp2 = BoundablePair.isComposite(this._boundable2);
          if (isComp1 && isComp2) {
            if (BoundablePair.area(this._boundable1) > BoundablePair.area(this._boundable2)) {
              this.expand(this._boundable1, this._boundable2, priQ, minDistance);
              return null
            } else {
              this.expand(this._boundable2, this._boundable1, priQ, minDistance);
              return null
            }
          } else if (isComp1) {
            this.expand(this._boundable1, this._boundable2, priQ, minDistance);
            return null
          } else if (isComp2) {
            this.expand(this._boundable2, this._boundable1, priQ, minDistance);
            return null
          }
          throw new IllegalArgumentException('neither boundable is composite')
        };
        BoundablePair.prototype.isLeaves = function isLeaves () {
          return !(BoundablePair.isComposite(this._boundable1) || BoundablePair.isComposite(this._boundable2))
        };
        BoundablePair.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
          var nd = o;
          if (this._distance < nd._distance) { return -1 }
          if (this._distance > nd._distance) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };
        BoundablePair.prototype.expand = function expand (bndComposite, bndOther, priQ, minDistance) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var children = bndComposite.getChildBoundables();
          for (var i = children.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var child = i.next();
            var bp = new BoundablePair(child, bndOther, this$1._itemDistance);
            if (bp.getDistance() < minDistance) {
              priQ.add(bp);
            }
          }
        };
        BoundablePair.prototype.getBoundable = function getBoundable (i) {
          if (i === 0) { return this._boundable1 }
          return this._boundable2
        };
        BoundablePair.prototype.getDistance = function getDistance () {
          return this._distance
        };
        BoundablePair.prototype.distance = function distance () {
          if (this.isLeaves()) {
            return this._itemDistance.distance(this._boundable1, this._boundable2)
          }
          return this._boundable1.getBounds().distance(this._boundable2.getBounds())
        };
        BoundablePair.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable]
        };
        BoundablePair.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BoundablePair
        };
        BoundablePair.area = function area (b) {
          return b.getBounds().getArea()
        };
        BoundablePair.isComposite = function isComposite (item) {
          return item instanceof AbstractNode
        };

        var AbstractSTRtree = function AbstractSTRtree () {
          this._root = null;
          this._built = false;
          this._itemBoundables = new ArrayList();
          this._nodeCapacity = null;
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            var nodeCapacity = AbstractSTRtree.DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY;
            this._nodeCapacity = nodeCapacity;
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var nodeCapacity$1 = arguments[0];
            Assert.isTrue(nodeCapacity$1 > 1, 'Node capacity must be greater than 1');
            this._nodeCapacity = nodeCapacity$1;
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$23 = { IntersectsOp: { configurable: true },serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY: { configurable: true } };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.getNodeCapacity = function getNodeCapacity () {
          return this._nodeCapacity
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.lastNode = function lastNode (nodes) {
          return nodes.get(nodes.size() - 1)
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.size = function size () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return 0
            }
            this.build();
            return this.size(this._root)
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var node = arguments[0];
            var size = 0;
            for (var i = node.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var childBoundable = i.next();
              if (childBoundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
                size += this$1.size(childBoundable);
              } else if (childBoundable instanceof ItemBoundable) {
                size += 1;
              }
            }
            return size
          }
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.removeItem = function removeItem (node, item) {
          var childToRemove = null;
          for (var i = node.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var childBoundable = i.next();
            if (childBoundable instanceof ItemBoundable) {
              if (childBoundable.getItem() === item) { childToRemove = childBoundable; }
            }
          }
          if (childToRemove !== null) {
            node.getChildBoundables().remove(childToRemove);
            return true
          }
          return false
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.itemsTree = function itemsTree () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this.build();
            var valuesTree = this.itemsTree(this._root);
            if (valuesTree === null) { return new ArrayList() }
            return valuesTree
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var node = arguments[0];
            var valuesTreeForNode = new ArrayList();
            for (var i = node.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var childBoundable = i.next();
              if (childBoundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
                var valuesTreeForChild = this$1.itemsTree(childBoundable);
                if (valuesTreeForChild !== null) { valuesTreeForNode.add(valuesTreeForChild); }
              } else if (childBoundable instanceof ItemBoundable) {
                valuesTreeForNode.add(childBoundable.getItem());
              } else {
                Assert.shouldNeverReachHere();
              }
            }
            if (valuesTreeForNode.size() <= 0) { return null }
            return valuesTreeForNode
          }
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.insert = function insert (bounds, item) {
          Assert.isTrue(!this._built, 'Cannot insert items into an STR packed R-tree after it has been built.');
          this._itemBoundables.add(new ItemBoundable(bounds, item));
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.boundablesAtLevel = function boundablesAtLevel () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var level = arguments[0];
            var boundables = new ArrayList();
            this.boundablesAtLevel(level, this._root, boundables);
            return boundables
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var level$1 = arguments[0];
            var top = arguments[1];
            var boundables$1 = arguments[2];
            Assert.isTrue(level$1 > -2);
            if (top.getLevel() === level$1) {
              boundables$1.add(top);
              return null
            }
            for (var i = top.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var boundable = i.next();
              if (boundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
                this$1.boundablesAtLevel(level$1, boundable, boundables$1);
              } else {
                Assert.isTrue(boundable instanceof ItemBoundable);
                if (level$1 === -1) {
                  boundables$1.add(boundable);
                }
              }
            }
            return null
          }
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.query = function query () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var searchBounds = arguments[0];
            this.build();
            var matches = new ArrayList();
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return matches
            }
            if (this.getIntersectsOp().intersects(this._root.getBounds(), searchBounds)) {
              this.query(searchBounds, this._root, matches);
            }
            return matches
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var searchBounds$1 = arguments[0];
            var visitor = arguments[1];
            this.build();
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return null
            }
            if (this.getIntersectsOp().intersects(this._root.getBounds(), searchBounds$1)) {
              this.query(searchBounds$1, this._root, visitor);
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            if (hasInterface(arguments[2], ItemVisitor) && (arguments[0] instanceof Object && arguments[1] instanceof AbstractNode)) {
              var searchBounds$2 = arguments[0];
              var node = arguments[1];
              var visitor$1 = arguments[2];
              var childBoundables = node.getChildBoundables();
              for (var i = 0; i < childBoundables.size(); i++) {
                var childBoundable = childBoundables.get(i);
                if (!this$1.getIntersectsOp().intersects(childBoundable.getBounds(), searchBounds$2)) {
                  continue
                }
                if (childBoundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
                  this$1.query(searchBounds$2, childBoundable, visitor$1);
                } else if (childBoundable instanceof ItemBoundable) {
                  visitor$1.visitItem(childBoundable.getItem());
                } else {
                  Assert.shouldNeverReachHere();
                }
              }
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[2], List) && (arguments[0] instanceof Object && arguments[1] instanceof AbstractNode)) {
              var searchBounds$3 = arguments[0];
              var node$1 = arguments[1];
              var matches$1 = arguments[2];
              var childBoundables$1 = node$1.getChildBoundables();
              for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < childBoundables$1.size(); i$1++) {
                var childBoundable$1 = childBoundables$1.get(i$1);
                if (!this$1.getIntersectsOp().intersects(childBoundable$1.getBounds(), searchBounds$3)) {
                  continue
                }
                if (childBoundable$1 instanceof AbstractNode) {
                  this$1.query(searchBounds$3, childBoundable$1, matches$1);
                } else if (childBoundable$1 instanceof ItemBoundable) {
                  matches$1.add(childBoundable$1.getItem());
                } else {
                  Assert.shouldNeverReachHere();
                }
              }
            }
          }
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.build = function build () {
          if (this._built) { return null }
          this._root = this._itemBoundables.isEmpty() ? this.createNode(0) : this.createHigherLevels(this._itemBoundables, -1);
          this._itemBoundables = null;
          this._built = true;
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.getRoot = function getRoot () {
          this.build();
          return this._root
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.remove = function remove () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var searchBounds = arguments[0];
            var item = arguments[1];
            this.build();
            if (this.getIntersectsOp().intersects(this._root.getBounds(), searchBounds)) {
              return this.remove(searchBounds, this._root, item)
            }
            return false
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var searchBounds$1 = arguments[0];
            var node = arguments[1];
            var item$1 = arguments[2];
            var found = this.removeItem(node, item$1);
            if (found) { return true }
            var childToPrune = null;
            for (var i = node.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var childBoundable = i.next();
              if (!this$1.getIntersectsOp().intersects(childBoundable.getBounds(), searchBounds$1)) {
                continue
              }
              if (childBoundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
                found = this$1.remove(searchBounds$1, childBoundable, item$1);
                if (found) {
                  childToPrune = childBoundable;
                  break
                }
              }
            }
            if (childToPrune !== null) {
              if (childToPrune.getChildBoundables().isEmpty()) {
                node.getChildBoundables().remove(childToPrune);
              }
            }
            return found
          }
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.createHigherLevels = function createHigherLevels (boundablesOfALevel, level) {
          Assert.isTrue(!boundablesOfALevel.isEmpty());
          var parentBoundables = this.createParentBoundables(boundablesOfALevel, level + 1);
          if (parentBoundables.size() === 1) {
            return parentBoundables.get(0)
          }
          return this.createHigherLevels(parentBoundables, level + 1)
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.depth = function depth () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            if (this.isEmpty()) {
              return 0
            }
            this.build();
            return this.depth(this._root)
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var node = arguments[0];
            var maxChildDepth = 0;
            for (var i = node.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var childBoundable = i.next();
              if (childBoundable instanceof AbstractNode) {
                var childDepth = this$1.depth(childBoundable);
                if (childDepth > maxChildDepth) { maxChildDepth = childDepth; }
              }
            }
            return maxChildDepth + 1
          }
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.createParentBoundables = function createParentBoundables (childBoundables, newLevel) {
            var this$1 = this;

          Assert.isTrue(!childBoundables.isEmpty());
          var parentBoundables = new ArrayList();
          parentBoundables.add(this.createNode(newLevel));
          var sortedChildBoundables = new ArrayList(childBoundables);
          Collections.sort(sortedChildBoundables, this.getComparator());
          for (var i = sortedChildBoundables.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var childBoundable = i.next();
            if (this$1.lastNode(parentBoundables).getChildBoundables().size() === this$1.getNodeCapacity()) {
              parentBoundables.add(this$1.createNode(newLevel));
            }
            this$1.lastNode(parentBoundables).addChildBoundable(childBoundable);
          }
          return parentBoundables
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.isEmpty = function isEmpty () {
          if (!this._built) { return this._itemBoundables.isEmpty() }
          return this._root.isEmpty()
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Serializable]
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return AbstractSTRtree
        };
        AbstractSTRtree.compareDoubles = function compareDoubles (a, b) {
          return a > b ? 1 : a < b ? -1 : 0
        };
        staticAccessors$23.IntersectsOp.get = function () { return IntersectsOp };
        staticAccessors$23.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return -3886435814360241337 };
        staticAccessors$23.DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY.get = function () { return 10 };

        Object.defineProperties( AbstractSTRtree, staticAccessors$23 );

        var IntersectsOp = function IntersectsOp () {};

        var ItemDistance = function ItemDistance () {};

        ItemDistance.prototype.distance = function distance (item1, item2) {};
        ItemDistance.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        ItemDistance.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return ItemDistance
        };

        var STRtree = (function (AbstractSTRtree$$1) {
          function STRtree (nodeCapacity) {
            nodeCapacity = nodeCapacity || STRtree.DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY;
            AbstractSTRtree$$1.call(this, nodeCapacity);
          }

          if ( AbstractSTRtree$$1 ) { STRtree.__proto__ = AbstractSTRtree$$1; }
          STRtree.prototype = Object.create( AbstractSTRtree$$1 && AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype );
          STRtree.prototype.constructor = STRtree;

          var staticAccessors = { STRtreeNode: { configurable: true },serialVersionUID: { configurable: true },xComparator: { configurable: true },yComparator: { configurable: true },intersectsOp: { configurable: true },DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY: { configurable: true } };
          STRtree.prototype.createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlices = function createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlices (verticalSlices, newLevel) {
            var this$1 = this;

            Assert.isTrue(verticalSlices.length > 0);
            var parentBoundables = new ArrayList();
            for (var i = 0; i < verticalSlices.length; i++) {
              parentBoundables.addAll(this$1.createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlice(verticalSlices[i], newLevel));
            }
            return parentBoundables
          };
          STRtree.prototype.createNode = function createNode (level) {
            return new STRtreeNode(level)
          };
          STRtree.prototype.size = function size () {
            if (arguments.length === 0) {
              return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.size.call(this)
            } else { return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.size.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          STRtree.prototype.insert = function insert () {
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var itemEnv = arguments[0];
              var item = arguments[1];
              if (itemEnv.isNull()) {
                return null
              }
              AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.insert.call(this, itemEnv, item);
            } else { return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.insert.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          STRtree.prototype.getIntersectsOp = function getIntersectsOp () {
            return STRtree.intersectsOp
          };
          STRtree.prototype.verticalSlices = function verticalSlices (childBoundables, sliceCount) {
            var sliceCapacity = Math.trunc(Math.ceil(childBoundables.size() / sliceCount));
            var slices = new Array(sliceCount).fill(null);
            var i = childBoundables.iterator();
            for (var j = 0; j < sliceCount; j++) {
              slices[j] = new ArrayList();
              var boundablesAddedToSlice = 0;
              while (i.hasNext() && boundablesAddedToSlice < sliceCapacity) {
                var childBoundable = i.next();
                slices[j].add(childBoundable);
                boundablesAddedToSlice++;
              }
            }
            return slices
          };
          STRtree.prototype.query = function query () {
            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var searchEnv = arguments[0];
              return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.query.call(this, searchEnv)
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var searchEnv$1 = arguments[0];
              var visitor = arguments[1];
              AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.query.call(this, searchEnv$1, visitor);
            } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
              if (hasInterface(arguments[2], ItemVisitor) && (arguments[0] instanceof Object && arguments[1] instanceof AbstractNode)) {
                var searchBounds = arguments[0];
                var node = arguments[1];
                var visitor$1 = arguments[2];
                AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.query.call(this, searchBounds, node, visitor$1);
              } else if (hasInterface(arguments[2], List) && (arguments[0] instanceof Object && arguments[1] instanceof AbstractNode)) {
                var searchBounds$1 = arguments[0];
                var node$1 = arguments[1];
                var matches = arguments[2];
                AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.query.call(this, searchBounds$1, node$1, matches);
              }
            }
          };
          STRtree.prototype.getComparator = function getComparator () {
            return STRtree.yComparator
          };
          STRtree.prototype.createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlice = function createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlice (childBoundables, newLevel) {
            return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.createParentBoundables.call(this, childBoundables, newLevel)
          };
          STRtree.prototype.remove = function remove () {
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var itemEnv = arguments[0];
              var item = arguments[1];
              return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.remove.call(this, itemEnv, item)
            } else { return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.remove.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          STRtree.prototype.depth = function depth () {
            if (arguments.length === 0) {
              return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.depth.call(this)
            } else { return AbstractSTRtree$$1.prototype.depth.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          STRtree.prototype.createParentBoundables = function createParentBoundables (childBoundables, newLevel) {
            Assert.isTrue(!childBoundables.isEmpty());
            var minLeafCount = Math.trunc(Math.ceil(childBoundables.size() / this.getNodeCapacity()));
            var sortedChildBoundables = new ArrayList(childBoundables);
            Collections.sort(sortedChildBoundables, STRtree.xComparator);
            var verticalSlices = this.verticalSlices(sortedChildBoundables, Math.trunc(Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(minLeafCount))));
            return this.createParentBoundablesFromVerticalSlices(verticalSlices, newLevel)
          };
          STRtree.prototype.nearestNeighbour = function nearestNeighbour () {
            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              if (hasInterface(arguments[0], ItemDistance)) {
                var itemDist = arguments[0];
                var bp = new BoundablePair(this.getRoot(), this.getRoot(), itemDist);
                return this.nearestNeighbour(bp)
              } else if (arguments[0] instanceof BoundablePair) {
                var initBndPair = arguments[0];
                return this.nearestNeighbour(initBndPair, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY)
              }
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              if (arguments[0] instanceof STRtree && hasInterface(arguments[1], ItemDistance)) {
                var tree = arguments[0];
                var itemDist$1 = arguments[1];
                var bp$1 = new BoundablePair(this.getRoot(), tree.getRoot(), itemDist$1);
                return this.nearestNeighbour(bp$1)
              } else if (arguments[0] instanceof BoundablePair && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
                var initBndPair$1 = arguments[0];
                var maxDistance = arguments[1];
                var distanceLowerBound = maxDistance;
                var minPair = null;
                var priQ = new PriorityQueue();
                priQ.add(initBndPair$1);
                while (!priQ.isEmpty() && distanceLowerBound > 0.0) {
                  var bndPair = priQ.poll();
                  var currentDistance = bndPair.getDistance();
                  if (currentDistance >= distanceLowerBound) { break }
                  if (bndPair.isLeaves()) {
                    distanceLowerBound = currentDistance;
                    minPair = bndPair;
                  } else {
                    bndPair.expandToQueue(priQ, distanceLowerBound);
                  }
                }
                return [minPair.getBoundable(0).getItem(), minPair.getBoundable(1).getItem()]
              }
            } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
              var env = arguments[0];
              var item = arguments[1];
              var itemDist$2 = arguments[2];
              var bnd = new ItemBoundable(env, item);
              var bp$2 = new BoundablePair(this.getRoot(), bnd, itemDist$2);
              return this.nearestNeighbour(bp$2)[0]
            }
          };
          STRtree.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return [SpatialIndex, Serializable]
          };
          STRtree.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return STRtree
          };
          STRtree.centreX = function centreX (e) {
            return STRtree.avg(e.getMinX(), e.getMaxX())
          };
          STRtree.avg = function avg (a, b) {
            return (a + b) / 2
          };
          STRtree.centreY = function centreY (e) {
            return STRtree.avg(e.getMinY(), e.getMaxY())
          };
          staticAccessors.STRtreeNode.get = function () { return STRtreeNode };
          staticAccessors.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 259274702368956900 };
          staticAccessors.xComparator.get = function () {
            return {
              interfaces_: function () {
                return [Comparator]
              },
              compare: function (o1, o2) {
                return AbstractSTRtree$$1.compareDoubles(STRtree.centreX(o1.getBounds()), STRtree.centreX(o2.getBounds()))
              }
            }
          };
          staticAccessors.yComparator.get = function () {
            return {
              interfaces_: function () {
                return [Comparator]
              },
              compare: function (o1, o2) {
                return AbstractSTRtree$$1.compareDoubles(STRtree.centreY(o1.getBounds()), STRtree.centreY(o2.getBounds()))
              }
            }
          };
          staticAccessors.intersectsOp.get = function () {
            return {
              interfaces_: function () {
                return [AbstractSTRtree$$1.IntersectsOp]
              },
              intersects: function (aBounds, bBounds) {
                return aBounds.intersects(bBounds)
              }
            }
          };
          staticAccessors.DEFAULT_NODE_CAPACITY.get = function () { return 10 };

          Object.defineProperties( STRtree, staticAccessors );

          return STRtree;
        }(AbstractSTRtree));

        var STRtreeNode = (function (AbstractNode$$1) {
          function STRtreeNode () {
            var level = arguments[0];
            AbstractNode$$1.call(this, level);
          }

          if ( AbstractNode$$1 ) { STRtreeNode.__proto__ = AbstractNode$$1; }
          STRtreeNode.prototype = Object.create( AbstractNode$$1 && AbstractNode$$1.prototype );
          STRtreeNode.prototype.constructor = STRtreeNode;
          STRtreeNode.prototype.computeBounds = function computeBounds () {
            var bounds = null;
            for (var i = this.getChildBoundables().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var childBoundable = i.next();
              if (bounds === null) {
                bounds = new Envelope(childBoundable.getBounds());
              } else {
                bounds.expandToInclude(childBoundable.getBounds());
              }
            }
            return bounds
          };
          STRtreeNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          STRtreeNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return STRtreeNode
          };

          return STRtreeNode;
        }(AbstractNode));

        var SegmentPointComparator = function SegmentPointComparator () {};

        SegmentPointComparator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        SegmentPointComparator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SegmentPointComparator
        };
        SegmentPointComparator.relativeSign = function relativeSign (x0, x1) {
          if (x0 < x1) { return -1 }
          if (x0 > x1) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };
        SegmentPointComparator.compare = function compare (octant, p0, p1) {
          if (p0.equals2D(p1)) { return 0 }
          var xSign = SegmentPointComparator.relativeSign(p0.x, p1.x);
          var ySign = SegmentPointComparator.relativeSign(p0.y, p1.y);
          switch (octant) {
            case 0:
              return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(xSign, ySign)
            case 1:
              return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(ySign, xSign)
            case 2:
              return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(ySign, -xSign)
            case 3:
              return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(-xSign, ySign)
            case 4:
              return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(-xSign, -ySign)
            case 5:
              return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(-ySign, -xSign)
            case 6:
              return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(-ySign, xSign)
            case 7:
              return SegmentPointComparator.compareValue(xSign, -ySign)
          }
          Assert.shouldNeverReachHere('invalid octant value');
          return 0
        };
        SegmentPointComparator.compareValue = function compareValue (compareSign0, compareSign1) {
          if (compareSign0 < 0) { return -1 }
          if (compareSign0 > 0) { return 1 }
          if (compareSign1 < 0) { return -1 }
          if (compareSign1 > 0) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };

        var SegmentNode = function SegmentNode () {
          this._segString = null;
          this.coord = null;
          this.segmentIndex = null;
          this._segmentOctant = null;
          this._isInterior = null;
          var segString = arguments[0];
          var coord = arguments[1];
          var segmentIndex = arguments[2];
          var segmentOctant = arguments[3];
          this._segString = segString;
          this.coord = new Coordinate(coord);
          this.segmentIndex = segmentIndex;
          this._segmentOctant = segmentOctant;
          this._isInterior = !coord.equals2D(segString.getCoordinate(segmentIndex));
        };
        SegmentNode.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
          return this.coord
        };
        SegmentNode.prototype.print = function print (out) {
          out.print(this.coord);
          out.print(' seg # = ' + this.segmentIndex);
        };
        SegmentNode.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (obj) {
          var other = obj;
          if (this.segmentIndex < other.segmentIndex) { return -1 }
          if (this.segmentIndex > other.segmentIndex) { return 1 }
          if (this.coord.equals2D(other.coord)) { return 0 }
          return SegmentPointComparator.compare(this._segmentOctant, this.coord, other.coord)
        };
        SegmentNode.prototype.isEndPoint = function isEndPoint (maxSegmentIndex) {
          if (this.segmentIndex === 0 && !this._isInterior) { return true }
          if (this.segmentIndex === maxSegmentIndex) { return true }
          return false
        };
        SegmentNode.prototype.isInterior = function isInterior () {
          return this._isInterior
        };
        SegmentNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable]
        };
        SegmentNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SegmentNode
        };

        // import Iterator from '../../../../java/util/Iterator'
        var SegmentNodeList = function SegmentNodeList () {
          this._nodeMap = new TreeMap();
          this._edge = null;
          var edge = arguments[0];
          this._edge = edge;
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.getSplitCoordinates = function getSplitCoordinates () {
            var this$1 = this;

          var coordList = new CoordinateList();
          this.addEndpoints();
          var it = this.iterator();
          var eiPrev = it.next();
          while (it.hasNext()) {
            var ei = it.next();
            this$1.addEdgeCoordinates(eiPrev, ei, coordList);
            eiPrev = ei;
          }
          return coordList.toCoordinateArray()
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.addCollapsedNodes = function addCollapsedNodes () {
            var this$1 = this;

          var collapsedVertexIndexes = new ArrayList();
          this.findCollapsesFromInsertedNodes(collapsedVertexIndexes);
          this.findCollapsesFromExistingVertices(collapsedVertexIndexes);
          for (var it = collapsedVertexIndexes.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var vertexIndex = it.next().intValue();
            this$1.add(this$1._edge.getCoordinate(vertexIndex), vertexIndex);
          }
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.print = function print (out) {
          out.println('Intersections:');
          for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var ei = it.next();
            ei.print(out);
          }
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.findCollapsesFromExistingVertices = function findCollapsesFromExistingVertices (collapsedVertexIndexes) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this._edge.size() - 2; i++) {
            var p0 = this$1._edge.getCoordinate(i);
            // const p1 = this._edge.getCoordinate(i + 1)
            var p2 = this$1._edge.getCoordinate(i + 2);
            if (p0.equals2D(p2)) {
              collapsedVertexIndexes.add(new Integer(i + 1));
            }
          }
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.addEdgeCoordinates = function addEdgeCoordinates (ei0, ei1, coordList) {
            var this$1 = this;

          // let npts = ei1.segmentIndex - ei0.segmentIndex + 2
          var lastSegStartPt = this._edge.getCoordinate(ei1.segmentIndex);
          var useIntPt1 = ei1.isInterior() || !ei1.coord.equals2D(lastSegStartPt);
          // if (!useIntPt1) {
          // npts--
          // }
          // const ipt = 0
          coordList.add(new Coordinate(ei0.coord), false);
          for (var i = ei0.segmentIndex + 1; i <= ei1.segmentIndex; i++) {
            coordList.add(this$1._edge.getCoordinate(i));
          }
          if (useIntPt1) {
            coordList.add(new Coordinate(ei1.coord));
          }
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
          return this._nodeMap.values().iterator()
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.addSplitEdges = function addSplitEdges (edgeList) {
            var this$1 = this;

          this.addEndpoints();
          this.addCollapsedNodes();
          var it = this.iterator();
          var eiPrev = it.next();
          while (it.hasNext()) {
            var ei = it.next();
            var newEdge = this$1.createSplitEdge(eiPrev, ei);
            edgeList.add(newEdge);
            eiPrev = ei;
          }
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.findCollapseIndex = function findCollapseIndex (ei0, ei1, collapsedVertexIndex) {
          if (!ei0.coord.equals2D(ei1.coord)) { return false }
          var numVerticesBetween = ei1.segmentIndex - ei0.segmentIndex;
          if (!ei1.isInterior()) {
            numVerticesBetween--;
          }
          if (numVerticesBetween === 1) {
            collapsedVertexIndex[0] = ei0.segmentIndex + 1;
            return true
          }
          return false
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.findCollapsesFromInsertedNodes = function findCollapsesFromInsertedNodes (collapsedVertexIndexes) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var collapsedVertexIndex = new Array(1).fill(null);
          var it = this.iterator();
          var eiPrev = it.next();
          while (it.hasNext()) {
            var ei = it.next();
            var isCollapsed = this$1.findCollapseIndex(eiPrev, ei, collapsedVertexIndex);
            if (isCollapsed) { collapsedVertexIndexes.add(new Integer(collapsedVertexIndex[0])); }
            eiPrev = ei;
          }
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.getEdge = function getEdge () {
          return this._edge
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.addEndpoints = function addEndpoints () {
          var maxSegIndex = this._edge.size() - 1;
          this.add(this._edge.getCoordinate(0), 0);
          this.add(this._edge.getCoordinate(maxSegIndex), maxSegIndex);
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.createSplitEdge = function createSplitEdge (ei0, ei1) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var npts = ei1.segmentIndex - ei0.segmentIndex + 2;
          var lastSegStartPt = this._edge.getCoordinate(ei1.segmentIndex);
          var useIntPt1 = ei1.isInterior() || !ei1.coord.equals2D(lastSegStartPt);
          if (!useIntPt1) {
            npts--;
          }
          var pts = new Array(npts).fill(null);
          var ipt = 0;
          pts[ipt++] = new Coordinate(ei0.coord);
          for (var i = ei0.segmentIndex + 1; i <= ei1.segmentIndex; i++) {
            pts[ipt++] = this$1._edge.getCoordinate(i);
          }
          if (useIntPt1) { pts[ipt] = new Coordinate(ei1.coord); }
          return new NodedSegmentString(pts, this._edge.getData())
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.add = function add (intPt, segmentIndex) {
          var eiNew = new SegmentNode(this._edge, intPt, segmentIndex, this._edge.getSegmentOctant(segmentIndex));
          var ei = this._nodeMap.get(eiNew);
          if (ei !== null) {
            Assert.isTrue(ei.coord.equals2D(intPt), 'Found equal nodes with different coordinates');
            return ei
          }
          this._nodeMap.put(eiNew, eiNew);
          return eiNew
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.checkSplitEdgesCorrectness = function checkSplitEdgesCorrectness (splitEdges) {
          var edgePts = this._edge.getCoordinates();
          var split0 = splitEdges.get(0);
          var pt0 = split0.getCoordinate(0);
          if (!pt0.equals2D(edgePts[0])) { throw new RuntimeException('bad split edge start point at ' + pt0) }
          var splitn = splitEdges.get(splitEdges.size() - 1);
          var splitnPts = splitn.getCoordinates();
          var ptn = splitnPts[splitnPts.length - 1];
          if (!ptn.equals2D(edgePts[edgePts.length - 1])) { throw new RuntimeException('bad split edge end point at ' + ptn) }
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        SegmentNodeList.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SegmentNodeList
        };



        // class NodeVertexIterator {
        //   constructor () {
        //     this._nodeList = null
        //     this._edge = null
        //     this._nodeIt = null
        //     this._currNode = null
        //     this._nextNode = null
        //     this._currSegIndex = 0
        //     let nodeList = arguments[0]
        //     this._nodeList = nodeList
        //     this._edge = nodeList.getEdge()
        //     this._nodeIt = nodeList.iterator()
        //     this.readNextNode()
        //   }
        //   next () {
        //     if (this._currNode === null) {
        //       this._currNode = this._nextNode
        //       this._currSegIndex = this._currNode.segmentIndex
        //       this.readNextNode()
        //       return this._currNode
        //     }
        //     if (this._nextNode === null) return null
        //     if (this._nextNode.segmentIndex === this._currNode.segmentIndex) {
        //       this._currNode = this._nextNode
        //       this._currSegIndex = this._currNode.segmentIndex
        //       this.readNextNode()
        //       return this._currNode
        //     }
        //     if (this._nextNode.segmentIndex > this._currNode.segmentIndex) {}
        //     return null
        //   }
        //   remove () {
        //     // throw new UnsupportedOperationException(this.getClass().getName())
        //   }
        //   hasNext () {
        //     if (this._nextNode === null) return false
        //     return true
        //   }
        //   readNextNode () {
        //     if (this._nodeIt.hasNext()) this._nextNode = this._nodeIt.next(); else this._nextNode = null
        //   }
        //   interfaces_ () {
        //     return [Iterator]
        //   }
        //   getClass () {
        //     return NodeVertexIterator
        //   }
        // }

        var Octant = function Octant () {};

        Octant.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Octant.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Octant
        };
        Octant.octant = function octant () {
          if (typeof arguments[0] === 'number' && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
            var dx = arguments[0];
            var dy = arguments[1];
            if (dx === 0.0 && dy === 0.0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Cannot compute the octant for point ( ' + dx + ', ' + dy + ' )') }
            var adx = Math.abs(dx);
            var ady = Math.abs(dy);
            if (dx >= 0) {
              if (dy >= 0) {
                if (adx >= ady) { return 0; } else { return 1 }
              } else {
                if (adx >= ady) { return 7; } else { return 6 }
              }
            } else {
              if (dy >= 0) {
                if (adx >= ady) { return 3; } else { return 2 }
              } else {
                if (adx >= ady) { return 4; } else { return 5 }
              }
            }
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate) {
            var p0 = arguments[0];
            var p1 = arguments[1];
            var dx$1 = p1.x - p0.x;
            var dy$1 = p1.y - p0.y;
            if (dx$1 === 0.0 && dy$1 === 0.0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Cannot compute the octant for two identical points ' + p0) }
            return Octant.octant(dx$1, dy$1)
          }
        };

        var SegmentString = function SegmentString () {};

        SegmentString.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {};
        SegmentString.prototype.size = function size () {};
        SegmentString.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {};
        SegmentString.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {};
        SegmentString.prototype.setData = function setData (data) {};
        SegmentString.prototype.getData = function getData () {};
        SegmentString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        SegmentString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SegmentString
        };

        var NodableSegmentString = function NodableSegmentString () {};

        NodableSegmentString.prototype.addIntersection = function addIntersection (intPt, segmentIndex) {};
        NodableSegmentString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [SegmentString]
        };
        NodableSegmentString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return NodableSegmentString
        };

        var NodedSegmentString = function NodedSegmentString () {
          this._nodeList = new SegmentNodeList(this);
          this._pts = null;
          this._data = null;
          var pts = arguments[0];
          var data = arguments[1];
          this._pts = pts;
          this._data = data;
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
          return this._pts
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.size = function size () {
          return this._pts.length
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
          return this._pts[i]
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
          return this._pts[0].equals(this._pts[this._pts.length - 1])
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.getSegmentOctant = function getSegmentOctant (index) {
          if (index === this._pts.length - 1) { return -1 }
          return this.safeOctant(this.getCoordinate(index), this.getCoordinate(index + 1))
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.setData = function setData (data) {
          this._data = data;
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.safeOctant = function safeOctant (p0, p1) {
          if (p0.equals2D(p1)) { return 0 }
          return Octant.octant(p0, p1)
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.getData = function getData () {
          return this._data
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.addIntersection = function addIntersection () {
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var intPt$1 = arguments[0];
            var segmentIndex = arguments[1];
            this.addIntersectionNode(intPt$1, segmentIndex);
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var li = arguments[0];
            var segmentIndex$1 = arguments[1];
            // const geomIndex = arguments[2]
            var intIndex = arguments[3];
            var intPt = new Coordinate(li.getIntersection(intIndex));
            this.addIntersection(intPt, segmentIndex$1);
          }
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return WKTWriter.toLineString(new CoordinateArraySequence(this._pts))
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.getNodeList = function getNodeList () {
          return this._nodeList
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.addIntersectionNode = function addIntersectionNode (intPt, segmentIndex) {
          var normalizedSegmentIndex = segmentIndex;
          var nextSegIndex = normalizedSegmentIndex + 1;
          if (nextSegIndex < this._pts.length) {
            var nextPt = this._pts[nextSegIndex];
            if (intPt.equals2D(nextPt)) {
              normalizedSegmentIndex = nextSegIndex;
            }
          }
          var ei = this._nodeList.add(intPt, normalizedSegmentIndex);
          return ei
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.addIntersections = function addIntersections (li, segmentIndex, geomIndex) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < li.getIntersectionNum(); i++) {
            this$1.addIntersection(li, segmentIndex, geomIndex, i);
          }
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [NodableSegmentString]
        };
        NodedSegmentString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return NodedSegmentString
        };
        NodedSegmentString.getNodedSubstrings = function getNodedSubstrings () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var segStrings = arguments[0];
            var resultEdgelist = new ArrayList();
            NodedSegmentString.getNodedSubstrings(segStrings, resultEdgelist);
            return resultEdgelist
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var segStrings$1 = arguments[0];
            var resultEdgelist$1 = arguments[1];
            for (var i = segStrings$1.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var ss = i.next();
              ss.getNodeList().addSplitEdges(resultEdgelist$1);
            }
          }
        };

        var LineSegment = function LineSegment () {
          this.p0 = null;
          this.p1 = null;
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this.p0 = new Coordinate();
            this.p1 = new Coordinate();
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var ls = arguments[0];
            this.p0 = new Coordinate(ls.p0);
            this.p1 = new Coordinate(ls.p1);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            this.p0 = arguments[0];
            this.p1 = arguments[1];
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var x0 = arguments[0];
            var y0 = arguments[1];
            var x1 = arguments[2];
            var y1 = arguments[3];
            this.p0 = new Coordinate(x0, y0);
            this.p1 = new Coordinate(x1, y1);
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$24 = { serialVersionUID: { configurable: true } };
        LineSegment.prototype.minX = function minX () {
          return Math.min(this.p0.x, this.p1.x)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.orientationIndex = function orientationIndex () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof LineSegment) {
            var seg = arguments[0];
            var orient0 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(this.p0, this.p1, seg.p0);
            var orient1 = CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(this.p0, this.p1, seg.p1);
            if (orient0 >= 0 && orient1 >= 0) { return Math.max(orient0, orient1) }
            if (orient0 <= 0 && orient1 <= 0) { return Math.max(orient0, orient1) }
            return 0
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
            var p = arguments[0];
            return CGAlgorithms.orientationIndex(this.p0, this.p1, p)
          }
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.toGeometry = function toGeometry (geomFactory) {
          return geomFactory.createLineString([this.p0, this.p1])
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.isVertical = function isVertical () {
          return this.p0.x === this.p1.x
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.equals = function equals (o) {
          if (!(o instanceof LineSegment)) {
            return false
          }
          var other = o;
          return this.p0.equals(other.p0) && this.p1.equals(other.p1)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.intersection = function intersection (line) {
          var li = new RobustLineIntersector();
          li.computeIntersection(this.p0, this.p1, line.p0, line.p1);
          if (li.hasIntersection()) { return li.getIntersection(0) }
          return null
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.project = function project () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
            var p = arguments[0];
            if (p.equals(this.p0) || p.equals(this.p1)) { return new Coordinate(p) }
            var r = this.projectionFactor(p);
            var coord = new Coordinate();
            coord.x = this.p0.x + r * (this.p1.x - this.p0.x);
            coord.y = this.p0.y + r * (this.p1.y - this.p0.y);
            return coord
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof LineSegment) {
            var seg = arguments[0];
            var pf0 = this.projectionFactor(seg.p0);
            var pf1 = this.projectionFactor(seg.p1);
            if (pf0 >= 1.0 && pf1 >= 1.0) { return null }
            if (pf0 <= 0.0 && pf1 <= 0.0) { return null }
            var newp0 = this.project(seg.p0);
            if (pf0 < 0.0) { newp0 = this.p0; }
            if (pf0 > 1.0) { newp0 = this.p1; }
            var newp1 = this.project(seg.p1);
            if (pf1 < 0.0) { newp1 = this.p0; }
            if (pf1 > 1.0) { newp1 = this.p1; }
            return new LineSegment(newp0, newp1)
          }
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {
          if (this.p1.compareTo(this.p0) < 0) { this.reverse(); }
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.angle = function angle () {
          return Math.atan2(this.p1.y - this.p0.y, this.p1.x - this.p0.x)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
          if (i === 0) { return this.p0 }
          return this.p1
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.distancePerpendicular = function distancePerpendicular (p) {
          return CGAlgorithms.distancePointLinePerpendicular(p, this.p0, this.p1)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.minY = function minY () {
          return Math.min(this.p0.y, this.p1.y)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.midPoint = function midPoint () {
          return LineSegment.midPoint(this.p0, this.p1)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.projectionFactor = function projectionFactor (p) {
          if (p.equals(this.p0)) { return 0.0 }
          if (p.equals(this.p1)) { return 1.0 }
          var dx = this.p1.x - this.p0.x;
          var dy = this.p1.y - this.p0.y;
          var len = dx * dx + dy * dy;
          if (len <= 0.0) { return Double.NaN }
          var r = ((p.x - this.p0.x) * dx + (p.y - this.p0.y) * dy) / len;
          return r
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.closestPoints = function closestPoints (line) {
          var intPt = this.intersection(line);
          if (intPt !== null) {
            return [intPt, intPt]
          }
          var closestPt = new Array(2).fill(null);
          var minDistance = Double.MAX_VALUE;
          var dist = null;
          var close00 = this.closestPoint(line.p0);
          minDistance = close00.distance(line.p0);
          closestPt[0] = close00;
          closestPt[1] = line.p0;
          var close01 = this.closestPoint(line.p1);
          dist = close01.distance(line.p1);
          if (dist < minDistance) {
            minDistance = dist;
            closestPt[0] = close01;
            closestPt[1] = line.p1;
          }
          var close10 = line.closestPoint(this.p0);
          dist = close10.distance(this.p0);
          if (dist < minDistance) {
            minDistance = dist;
            closestPt[0] = this.p0;
            closestPt[1] = close10;
          }
          var close11 = line.closestPoint(this.p1);
          dist = close11.distance(this.p1);
          if (dist < minDistance) {
            minDistance = dist;
            closestPt[0] = this.p1;
            closestPt[1] = close11;
          }
          return closestPt
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.closestPoint = function closestPoint (p) {
          var factor = this.projectionFactor(p);
          if (factor > 0 && factor < 1) {
            return this.project(p)
          }
          var dist0 = this.p0.distance(p);
          var dist1 = this.p1.distance(p);
          if (dist0 < dist1) { return this.p0 }
          return this.p1
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.maxX = function maxX () {
          return Math.max(this.p0.x, this.p1.x)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.getLength = function getLength () {
          return this.p0.distance(this.p1)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
          var other = o;
          var comp0 = this.p0.compareTo(other.p0);
          if (comp0 !== 0) { return comp0 }
          return this.p1.compareTo(other.p1)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.reverse = function reverse () {
          var temp = this.p0;
          this.p0 = this.p1;
          this.p1 = temp;
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.equalsTopo = function equalsTopo (other) {
          return this.p0.equals(other.p0) &&
                (this.p1.equals(other.p1) || this.p0.equals(other.p1)) &&
                 this.p1.equals(other.p0)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.lineIntersection = function lineIntersection (line) {
          try {
            var intPt = HCoordinate.intersection(this.p0, this.p1, line.p0, line.p1);
            return intPt
          } catch (ex) {
            if (ex instanceof NotRepresentableException) ; else { throw ex }
          } finally {}
          return null
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.maxY = function maxY () {
          return Math.max(this.p0.y, this.p1.y)
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.pointAlongOffset = function pointAlongOffset (segmentLengthFraction, offsetDistance) {
          var segx = this.p0.x + segmentLengthFraction * (this.p1.x - this.p0.x);
          var segy = this.p0.y + segmentLengthFraction * (this.p1.y - this.p0.y);
          var dx = this.p1.x - this.p0.x;
          var dy = this.p1.y - this.p0.y;
          var len = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
          var ux = 0.0;
          var uy = 0.0;
          if (offsetDistance !== 0.0) {
            if (len <= 0.0) { throw new Error('Cannot compute offset from zero-length line segment') }
            ux = offsetDistance * dx / len;
            uy = offsetDistance * dy / len;
          }
          var offsetx = segx - uy;
          var offsety = segy + ux;
          var coord = new Coordinate(offsetx, offsety);
          return coord
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.setCoordinates = function setCoordinates () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var ls = arguments[0];
            this.setCoordinates(ls.p0, ls.p1);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p0 = arguments[0];
            var p1 = arguments[1];
            this.p0.x = p0.x;
            this.p0.y = p0.y;
            this.p1.x = p1.x;
            this.p1.y = p1.y;
          }
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.segmentFraction = function segmentFraction (inputPt) {
          var segFrac = this.projectionFactor(inputPt);
          if (segFrac < 0.0) { segFrac = 0.0; } else if (segFrac > 1.0 || Double.isNaN(segFrac)) { segFrac = 1.0; }
          return segFrac
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return 'LINESTRING( ' + this.p0.x + ' ' + this.p0.y + ', ' + this.p1.x + ' ' + this.p1.y + ')'
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.isHorizontal = function isHorizontal () {
          return this.p0.y === this.p1.y
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.distance = function distance () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof LineSegment) {
            var ls = arguments[0];
            return CGAlgorithms.distanceLineLine(this.p0, this.p1, ls.p0, ls.p1)
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
            var p = arguments[0];
            return CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p, this.p0, this.p1)
          }
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.pointAlong = function pointAlong (segmentLengthFraction) {
          var coord = new Coordinate();
          coord.x = this.p0.x + segmentLengthFraction * (this.p1.x - this.p0.x);
          coord.y = this.p0.y + segmentLengthFraction * (this.p1.y - this.p0.y);
          return coord
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.hashCode = function hashCode () {
          var bits0 = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.p0.x);
          bits0 ^= Double.doubleToLongBits(this.p0.y) * 31;
          var hash0 = Math.trunc(bits0) ^ Math.trunc(bits0 >> 32);
          var bits1 = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.p1.x);
          bits1 ^= Double.doubleToLongBits(this.p1.y) * 31;
          var hash1 = Math.trunc(bits1) ^ Math.trunc(bits1 >> 32);
          return hash0 ^ hash1
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable, Serializable]
        };
        LineSegment.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return LineSegment
        };
        LineSegment.midPoint = function midPoint (p0, p1) {
          return new Coordinate((p0.x + p1.x) / 2, (p0.y + p1.y) / 2)
        };
        staticAccessors$24.serialVersionUID.get = function () { return 3252005833466256227 };

        Object.defineProperties( LineSegment, staticAccessors$24 );

        var MonotoneChainOverlapAction = function MonotoneChainOverlapAction () {
          this.tempEnv1 = new Envelope();
          this.tempEnv2 = new Envelope();
          this._overlapSeg1 = new LineSegment();
          this._overlapSeg2 = new LineSegment();
        };
        MonotoneChainOverlapAction.prototype.overlap = function overlap () {
          if (arguments.length === 2) ; else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var mc1 = arguments[0];
            var start1 = arguments[1];
            var mc2 = arguments[2];
            var start2 = arguments[3];
            mc1.getLineSegment(start1, this._overlapSeg1);
            mc2.getLineSegment(start2, this._overlapSeg2);
            this.overlap(this._overlapSeg1, this._overlapSeg2);
          }
        };
        MonotoneChainOverlapAction.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        MonotoneChainOverlapAction.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MonotoneChainOverlapAction
        };

        var MonotoneChain = function MonotoneChain () {
          this._pts = null;
          this._start = null;
          this._end = null;
          this._env = null;
          this._context = null;
          this._id = null;
          var pts = arguments[0];
          var start = arguments[1];
          var end = arguments[2];
          var context = arguments[3];
          this._pts = pts;
          this._start = start;
          this._end = end;
          this._context = context;
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.getLineSegment = function getLineSegment (index, ls) {
          ls.p0 = this._pts[index];
          ls.p1 = this._pts[index + 1];
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.computeSelect = function computeSelect (searchEnv, start0, end0, mcs) {
          var p0 = this._pts[start0];
          var p1 = this._pts[end0];
          mcs.tempEnv1.init(p0, p1);
          if (end0 - start0 === 1) {
            mcs.select(this, start0);
            return null
          }
          if (!searchEnv.intersects(mcs.tempEnv1)) { return null }
          var mid = Math.trunc((start0 + end0) / 2);
          if (start0 < mid) {
            this.computeSelect(searchEnv, start0, mid, mcs);
          }
          if (mid < end0) {
            this.computeSelect(searchEnv, mid, end0, mcs);
          }
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
            var this$1 = this;

          var coord = new Array(this._end - this._start + 1).fill(null);
          var index = 0;
          for (var i = this._start; i <= this._end; i++) {
            coord[index++] = this$1._pts[i];
          }
          return coord
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.computeOverlaps = function computeOverlaps (mc, mco) {
          this.computeOverlapsInternal(this._start, this._end, mc, mc._start, mc._end, mco);
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.setId = function setId (id) {
          this._id = id;
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.select = function select (searchEnv, mcs) {
          this.computeSelect(searchEnv, this._start, this._end, mcs);
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.getEnvelope = function getEnvelope () {
          if (this._env === null) {
            var p0 = this._pts[this._start];
            var p1 = this._pts[this._end];
            this._env = new Envelope(p0, p1);
          }
          return this._env
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.getEndIndex = function getEndIndex () {
          return this._end
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.getStartIndex = function getStartIndex () {
          return this._start
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.getContext = function getContext () {
          return this._context
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.getId = function getId () {
          return this._id
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.computeOverlapsInternal = function computeOverlapsInternal (start0, end0, mc, start1, end1, mco) {
          var p00 = this._pts[start0];
          var p01 = this._pts[end0];
          var p10 = mc._pts[start1];
          var p11 = mc._pts[end1];
          if (end0 - start0 === 1 && end1 - start1 === 1) {
            mco.overlap(this, start0, mc, start1);
            return null
          }
          mco.tempEnv1.init(p00, p01);
          mco.tempEnv2.init(p10, p11);
          if (!mco.tempEnv1.intersects(mco.tempEnv2)) { return null }
          var mid0 = Math.trunc((start0 + end0) / 2);
          var mid1 = Math.trunc((start1 + end1) / 2);
          if (start0 < mid0) {
            if (start1 < mid1) { this.computeOverlapsInternal(start0, mid0, mc, start1, mid1, mco); }
            if (mid1 < end1) { this.computeOverlapsInternal(start0, mid0, mc, mid1, end1, mco); }
          }
          if (mid0 < end0) {
            if (start1 < mid1) { this.computeOverlapsInternal(mid0, end0, mc, start1, mid1, mco); }
            if (mid1 < end1) { this.computeOverlapsInternal(mid0, end0, mc, mid1, end1, mco); }
          }
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        MonotoneChain.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MonotoneChain
        };

        var MonotoneChainBuilder = function MonotoneChainBuilder () {};

        MonotoneChainBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        MonotoneChainBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MonotoneChainBuilder
        };
        MonotoneChainBuilder.getChainStartIndices = function getChainStartIndices (pts) {
          var start = 0;
          var startIndexList = new ArrayList();
          startIndexList.add(new Integer(start));
          do {
            var last = MonotoneChainBuilder.findChainEnd(pts, start);
            startIndexList.add(new Integer(last));
            start = last;
          } while (start < pts.length - 1)
          var startIndex = MonotoneChainBuilder.toIntArray(startIndexList);
          return startIndex
        };
        MonotoneChainBuilder.findChainEnd = function findChainEnd (pts, start) {
          var safeStart = start;
          while (safeStart < pts.length - 1 && pts[safeStart].equals2D(pts[safeStart + 1])) {
            safeStart++;
          }
          if (safeStart >= pts.length - 1) {
            return pts.length - 1
          }
          var chainQuad = Quadrant.quadrant(pts[safeStart], pts[safeStart + 1]);
          var last = start + 1;
          while (last < pts.length) {
            if (!pts[last - 1].equals2D(pts[last])) {
              var quad = Quadrant.quadrant(pts[last - 1], pts[last]);
              if (quad !== chainQuad) { break }
            }
            last++;
          }
          return last - 1
        };
        MonotoneChainBuilder.getChains = function getChains () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var pts = arguments[0];
            return MonotoneChainBuilder.getChains(pts, null)
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var pts$1 = arguments[0];
            var context = arguments[1];
            var mcList = new ArrayList();
            var startIndex = MonotoneChainBuilder.getChainStartIndices(pts$1);
            for (var i = 0; i < startIndex.length - 1; i++) {
              var mc = new MonotoneChain(pts$1, startIndex[i], startIndex[i + 1], context);
              mcList.add(mc);
            }
            return mcList
          }
        };
        MonotoneChainBuilder.toIntArray = function toIntArray (list) {
          var array = new Array(list.size()).fill(null);
          for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = list.get(i).intValue();
          }
          return array
        };

        var Noder = function Noder () {};

        Noder.prototype.computeNodes = function computeNodes (segStrings) {};
        Noder.prototype.getNodedSubstrings = function getNodedSubstrings () {};
        Noder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Noder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Noder
        };

        var SinglePassNoder = function SinglePassNoder () {
          this._segInt = null;
          if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var segInt = arguments[0];
            this.setSegmentIntersector(segInt);
          }
        };
        SinglePassNoder.prototype.setSegmentIntersector = function setSegmentIntersector (segInt) {
          this._segInt = segInt;
        };
        SinglePassNoder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Noder]
        };
        SinglePassNoder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SinglePassNoder
        };

        var MCIndexNoder = (function (SinglePassNoder$$1) {
          function MCIndexNoder (si) {
            if (si) { SinglePassNoder$$1.call(this, si); }
            else { SinglePassNoder$$1.call(this); }
            this._monoChains = new ArrayList();
            this._index = new STRtree();
            this._idCounter = 0;
            this._nodedSegStrings = null;
            this._nOverlaps = 0;
          }

          if ( SinglePassNoder$$1 ) { MCIndexNoder.__proto__ = SinglePassNoder$$1; }
          MCIndexNoder.prototype = Object.create( SinglePassNoder$$1 && SinglePassNoder$$1.prototype );
          MCIndexNoder.prototype.constructor = MCIndexNoder;

          var staticAccessors = { SegmentOverlapAction: { configurable: true } };
          MCIndexNoder.prototype.getMonotoneChains = function getMonotoneChains () {
            return this._monoChains
          };
          MCIndexNoder.prototype.getNodedSubstrings = function getNodedSubstrings () {
            return NodedSegmentString.getNodedSubstrings(this._nodedSegStrings)
          };
          MCIndexNoder.prototype.getIndex = function getIndex () {
            return this._index
          };
          MCIndexNoder.prototype.add = function add (segStr) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var segChains = MonotoneChainBuilder.getChains(segStr.getCoordinates(), segStr);
            for (var i = segChains.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var mc = i.next();
              mc.setId(this$1._idCounter++);
              this$1._index.insert(mc.getEnvelope(), mc);
              this$1._monoChains.add(mc);
            }
          };
          MCIndexNoder.prototype.computeNodes = function computeNodes (inputSegStrings) {
            var this$1 = this;

            this._nodedSegStrings = inputSegStrings;
            for (var i = inputSegStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              this$1.add(i.next());
            }
            this.intersectChains();
          };
          MCIndexNoder.prototype.intersectChains = function intersectChains () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var overlapAction = new SegmentOverlapAction(this._segInt);
            for (var i = this._monoChains.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var queryChain = i.next();
              var overlapChains = this$1._index.query(queryChain.getEnvelope());
              for (var j = overlapChains.iterator(); j.hasNext();) {
                var testChain = j.next();
                if (testChain.getId() > queryChain.getId()) {
                  queryChain.computeOverlaps(testChain, overlapAction);
                  this$1._nOverlaps++;
                }
                if (this$1._segInt.isDone()) { return null }
              }
            }
          };
          MCIndexNoder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          MCIndexNoder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return MCIndexNoder
          };
          staticAccessors.SegmentOverlapAction.get = function () { return SegmentOverlapAction };

          Object.defineProperties( MCIndexNoder, staticAccessors );

          return MCIndexNoder;
        }(SinglePassNoder));

        var SegmentOverlapAction = (function (MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1) {
          function SegmentOverlapAction () {
            MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1.call(this);
            this._si = null;
            var si = arguments[0];
            this._si = si;
          }

          if ( MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1 ) { SegmentOverlapAction.__proto__ = MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1; }
          SegmentOverlapAction.prototype = Object.create( MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1 && MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1.prototype );
          SegmentOverlapAction.prototype.constructor = SegmentOverlapAction;
          SegmentOverlapAction.prototype.overlap = function overlap () {
            if (arguments.length === 4) {
              var mc1 = arguments[0];
              var start1 = arguments[1];
              var mc2 = arguments[2];
              var start2 = arguments[3];
              var ss1 = mc1.getContext();
              var ss2 = mc2.getContext();
              this._si.processIntersections(ss1, start1, ss2, start2);
            } else { return MonotoneChainOverlapAction$$1.prototype.overlap.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          SegmentOverlapAction.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          SegmentOverlapAction.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return SegmentOverlapAction
          };

          return SegmentOverlapAction;
        }(MonotoneChainOverlapAction));

        var BufferParameters = function BufferParameters () {
          this._quadrantSegments = BufferParameters.DEFAULT_QUADRANT_SEGMENTS;
          this._endCapStyle = BufferParameters.CAP_ROUND;
          this._joinStyle = BufferParameters.JOIN_ROUND;
          this._mitreLimit = BufferParameters.DEFAULT_MITRE_LIMIT;
          this._isSingleSided = false;
          this._simplifyFactor = BufferParameters.DEFAULT_SIMPLIFY_FACTOR;

          if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var quadrantSegments = arguments[0];
            this.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var quadrantSegments$1 = arguments[0];
            var endCapStyle = arguments[1];
            this.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments$1);
            this.setEndCapStyle(endCapStyle);
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var quadrantSegments$2 = arguments[0];
            var endCapStyle$1 = arguments[1];
            var joinStyle = arguments[2];
            var mitreLimit = arguments[3];
            this.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments$2);
            this.setEndCapStyle(endCapStyle$1);
            this.setJoinStyle(joinStyle);
            this.setMitreLimit(mitreLimit);
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$25 = { CAP_ROUND: { configurable: true },CAP_FLAT: { configurable: true },CAP_SQUARE: { configurable: true },JOIN_ROUND: { configurable: true },JOIN_MITRE: { configurable: true },JOIN_BEVEL: { configurable: true },DEFAULT_QUADRANT_SEGMENTS: { configurable: true },DEFAULT_MITRE_LIMIT: { configurable: true },DEFAULT_SIMPLIFY_FACTOR: { configurable: true } };
        BufferParameters.prototype.getEndCapStyle = function getEndCapStyle () {
          return this._endCapStyle
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.isSingleSided = function isSingleSided () {
          return this._isSingleSided
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.setQuadrantSegments = function setQuadrantSegments (quadSegs) {
          this._quadrantSegments = quadSegs;
          if (this._quadrantSegments === 0) { this._joinStyle = BufferParameters.JOIN_BEVEL; }
          if (this._quadrantSegments < 0) {
            this._joinStyle = BufferParameters.JOIN_MITRE;
            this._mitreLimit = Math.abs(this._quadrantSegments);
          }
          if (quadSegs <= 0) {
            this._quadrantSegments = 1;
          }
          if (this._joinStyle !== BufferParameters.JOIN_ROUND) {
            this._quadrantSegments = BufferParameters.DEFAULT_QUADRANT_SEGMENTS;
          }
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.getJoinStyle = function getJoinStyle () {
          return this._joinStyle
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.setJoinStyle = function setJoinStyle (joinStyle) {
          this._joinStyle = joinStyle;
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.setSimplifyFactor = function setSimplifyFactor (simplifyFactor) {
          this._simplifyFactor = simplifyFactor < 0 ? 0 : simplifyFactor;
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.getSimplifyFactor = function getSimplifyFactor () {
          return this._simplifyFactor
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.getQuadrantSegments = function getQuadrantSegments () {
          return this._quadrantSegments
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.setEndCapStyle = function setEndCapStyle (endCapStyle) {
          this._endCapStyle = endCapStyle;
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.getMitreLimit = function getMitreLimit () {
          return this._mitreLimit
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.setMitreLimit = function setMitreLimit (mitreLimit) {
          this._mitreLimit = mitreLimit;
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.setSingleSided = function setSingleSided (isSingleSided) {
          this._isSingleSided = isSingleSided;
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        BufferParameters.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BufferParameters
        };
        BufferParameters.bufferDistanceError = function bufferDistanceError (quadSegs) {
          var alpha = Math.PI / 2.0 / quadSegs;
          return 1 - Math.cos(alpha / 2.0)
        };
        staticAccessors$25.CAP_ROUND.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$25.CAP_FLAT.get = function () { return 2 };
        staticAccessors$25.CAP_SQUARE.get = function () { return 3 };
        staticAccessors$25.JOIN_ROUND.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$25.JOIN_MITRE.get = function () { return 2 };
        staticAccessors$25.JOIN_BEVEL.get = function () { return 3 };
        staticAccessors$25.DEFAULT_QUADRANT_SEGMENTS.get = function () { return 8 };
        staticAccessors$25.DEFAULT_MITRE_LIMIT.get = function () { return 5.0 };
        staticAccessors$25.DEFAULT_SIMPLIFY_FACTOR.get = function () { return 0.01 };

        Object.defineProperties( BufferParameters, staticAccessors$25 );

        var BufferInputLineSimplifier = function BufferInputLineSimplifier (inputLine) {
          this._distanceTol = null;
          this._isDeleted = null;
          this._angleOrientation = CGAlgorithms.COUNTERCLOCKWISE;
          this._inputLine = inputLine || null;
        };

        var staticAccessors$26 = { INIT: { configurable: true },DELETE: { configurable: true },KEEP: { configurable: true },NUM_PTS_TO_CHECK: { configurable: true } };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.isDeletable = function isDeletable (i0, i1, i2, distanceTol) {
          var p0 = this._inputLine[i0];
          var p1 = this._inputLine[i1];
          var p2 = this._inputLine[i2];
          if (!this.isConcave(p0, p1, p2)) { return false }
          if (!this.isShallow(p0, p1, p2, distanceTol)) { return false }
          return this.isShallowSampled(p0, p1, i0, i2, distanceTol)
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.deleteShallowConcavities = function deleteShallowConcavities () {
            var this$1 = this;

          var index = 1;
          // const maxIndex = this._inputLine.length - 1
          var midIndex = this.findNextNonDeletedIndex(index);
          var lastIndex = this.findNextNonDeletedIndex(midIndex);
          var isChanged = false;
          while (lastIndex < this._inputLine.length) {
            var isMiddleVertexDeleted = false;
            if (this$1.isDeletable(index, midIndex, lastIndex, this$1._distanceTol)) {
              this$1._isDeleted[midIndex] = BufferInputLineSimplifier.DELETE;
              isMiddleVertexDeleted = true;
              isChanged = true;
            }
            if (isMiddleVertexDeleted) { index = lastIndex; } else { index = midIndex; }
            midIndex = this$1.findNextNonDeletedIndex(index);
            lastIndex = this$1.findNextNonDeletedIndex(midIndex);
          }
          return isChanged
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.isShallowConcavity = function isShallowConcavity (p0, p1, p2, distanceTol) {
          var orientation = CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(p0, p1, p2);
          var isAngleToSimplify = orientation === this._angleOrientation;
          if (!isAngleToSimplify) { return false }
          var dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p1, p0, p2);
          return dist < distanceTol
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.isShallowSampled = function isShallowSampled (p0, p2, i0, i2, distanceTol) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var inc = Math.trunc((i2 - i0) / BufferInputLineSimplifier.NUM_PTS_TO_CHECK);
          if (inc <= 0) { inc = 1; }
          for (var i = i0; i < i2; i += inc) {
            if (!this$1.isShallow(p0, p2, this$1._inputLine[i], distanceTol)) { return false }
          }
          return true
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.isConcave = function isConcave (p0, p1, p2) {
          var orientation = CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(p0, p1, p2);
          var isConcave = orientation === this._angleOrientation;
          return isConcave
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.simplify = function simplify (distanceTol) {
            var this$1 = this;

          this._distanceTol = Math.abs(distanceTol);
          if (distanceTol < 0) { this._angleOrientation = CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE; }
          this._isDeleted = new Array(this._inputLine.length).fill(null);
          var isChanged = false;
          do {
            isChanged = this$1.deleteShallowConcavities();
          } while (isChanged)
          return this.collapseLine()
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.findNextNonDeletedIndex = function findNextNonDeletedIndex (index) {
          var next = index + 1;
          while (next < this._inputLine.length && this._isDeleted[next] === BufferInputLineSimplifier.DELETE) { next++; }
          return next
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.isShallow = function isShallow (p0, p1, p2, distanceTol) {
          var dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(p1, p0, p2);
          return dist < distanceTol
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.collapseLine = function collapseLine () {
            var this$1 = this;

          var coordList = new CoordinateList();
          for (var i = 0; i < this._inputLine.length; i++) {
            if (this$1._isDeleted[i] !== BufferInputLineSimplifier.DELETE) { coordList.add(this$1._inputLine[i]); }
          }
          return coordList.toCoordinateArray()
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BufferInputLineSimplifier
        };
        BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify = function simplify (inputLine, distanceTol) {
          var simp = new BufferInputLineSimplifier(inputLine);
          return simp.simplify(distanceTol)
        };
        staticAccessors$26.INIT.get = function () { return 0 };
        staticAccessors$26.DELETE.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$26.KEEP.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$26.NUM_PTS_TO_CHECK.get = function () { return 10 };

        Object.defineProperties( BufferInputLineSimplifier, staticAccessors$26 );

        var OffsetSegmentString = function OffsetSegmentString () {
          this._ptList = null;
          this._precisionModel = null;
          this._minimimVertexDistance = 0.0;
          this._ptList = new ArrayList();
        };

        var staticAccessors$28 = { COORDINATE_ARRAY_TYPE: { configurable: true } };
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
          var coord = this._ptList.toArray(OffsetSegmentString.COORDINATE_ARRAY_TYPE);
          return coord
        };
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.setPrecisionModel = function setPrecisionModel (precisionModel) {
          this._precisionModel = precisionModel;
        };
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.addPt = function addPt (pt) {
          var bufPt = new Coordinate(pt);
          this._precisionModel.makePrecise(bufPt);
          if (this.isRedundant(bufPt)) { return null }
          this._ptList.add(bufPt);
        };
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.revere = function revere () {};
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.addPts = function addPts (pt, isForward) {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (isForward) {
            for (var i = 0; i < pt.length; i++) {
              this$1.addPt(pt[i]);
            }
          } else {
            for (var i$1 = pt.length - 1; i$1 >= 0; i$1--) {
              this$1.addPt(pt[i$1]);
            }
          }
        };
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.isRedundant = function isRedundant (pt) {
          if (this._ptList.size() < 1) { return false }
          var lastPt = this._ptList.get(this._ptList.size() - 1);
          var ptDist = pt.distance(lastPt);
          if (ptDist < this._minimimVertexDistance) { return true }
          return false
        };
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          var fact = new GeometryFactory();
          var line = fact.createLineString(this.getCoordinates());
          return line.toString()
        };
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.closeRing = function closeRing () {
          if (this._ptList.size() < 1) { return null }
          var startPt = new Coordinate(this._ptList.get(0));
          var lastPt = this._ptList.get(this._ptList.size() - 1);
          // const last2Pt = null
          // if (this._ptList.size() >= 2) last2Pt = this._ptList.get(this._ptList.size() - 2)
          if (startPt.equals(lastPt)) { return null }
          this._ptList.add(startPt);
        };
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.setMinimumVertexDistance = function setMinimumVertexDistance (minimimVertexDistance) {
          this._minimimVertexDistance = minimimVertexDistance;
        };
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        OffsetSegmentString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return OffsetSegmentString
        };
        staticAccessors$28.COORDINATE_ARRAY_TYPE.get = function () { return new Array(0).fill(null) };

        Object.defineProperties( OffsetSegmentString, staticAccessors$28 );

        var Angle = function Angle () {};

        var staticAccessors$29 = { PI_TIMES_2: { configurable: true },PI_OVER_2: { configurable: true },PI_OVER_4: { configurable: true },COUNTERCLOCKWISE: { configurable: true },CLOCKWISE: { configurable: true },NONE: { configurable: true } };

        Angle.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Angle.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Angle
        };
        Angle.toDegrees = function toDegrees (radians) {
          return radians * 180 / Math.PI
        };
        Angle.normalize = function normalize (angle) {
          while (angle > Math.PI) { angle -= Angle.PI_TIMES_2; }
          while (angle <= -Math.PI) { angle += Angle.PI_TIMES_2; }
          return angle
        };
        Angle.angle = function angle () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var p = arguments[0];
            return Math.atan2(p.y, p.x)
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p0 = arguments[0];
            var p1 = arguments[1];
            var dx = p1.x - p0.x;
            var dy = p1.y - p0.y;
            return Math.atan2(dy, dx)
          }
        };
        Angle.isAcute = function isAcute (p0, p1, p2) {
          var dx0 = p0.x - p1.x;
          var dy0 = p0.y - p1.y;
          var dx1 = p2.x - p1.x;
          var dy1 = p2.y - p1.y;
          var dotprod = dx0 * dx1 + dy0 * dy1;
          return dotprod > 0
        };
        Angle.isObtuse = function isObtuse (p0, p1, p2) {
          var dx0 = p0.x - p1.x;
          var dy0 = p0.y - p1.y;
          var dx1 = p2.x - p1.x;
          var dy1 = p2.y - p1.y;
          var dotprod = dx0 * dx1 + dy0 * dy1;
          return dotprod < 0
        };
        Angle.interiorAngle = function interiorAngle (p0, p1, p2) {
          var anglePrev = Angle.angle(p1, p0);
          var angleNext = Angle.angle(p1, p2);
          return Math.abs(angleNext - anglePrev)
        };
        Angle.normalizePositive = function normalizePositive (angle) {
          if (angle < 0.0) {
            while (angle < 0.0) { angle += Angle.PI_TIMES_2; }
            if (angle >= Angle.PI_TIMES_2) { angle = 0.0; }
          } else {
            while (angle >= Angle.PI_TIMES_2) { angle -= Angle.PI_TIMES_2; }
            if (angle < 0.0) { angle = 0.0; }
          }
          return angle
        };
        Angle.angleBetween = function angleBetween (tip1, tail, tip2) {
          var a1 = Angle.angle(tail, tip1);
          var a2 = Angle.angle(tail, tip2);
          return Angle.diff(a1, a2)
        };
        Angle.diff = function diff (ang1, ang2) {
          var delAngle = null;
          if (ang1 < ang2) {
            delAngle = ang2 - ang1;
          } else {
            delAngle = ang1 - ang2;
          }
          if (delAngle > Math.PI) {
            delAngle = 2 * Math.PI - delAngle;
          }
          return delAngle
        };
        Angle.toRadians = function toRadians (angleDegrees) {
          return angleDegrees * Math.PI / 180.0
        };
        Angle.getTurn = function getTurn (ang1, ang2) {
          var crossproduct = Math.sin(ang2 - ang1);
          if (crossproduct > 0) {
            return Angle.COUNTERCLOCKWISE
          }
          if (crossproduct < 0) {
            return Angle.CLOCKWISE
          }
          return Angle.NONE
        };
        Angle.angleBetweenOriented = function angleBetweenOriented (tip1, tail, tip2) {
          var a1 = Angle.angle(tail, tip1);
          var a2 = Angle.angle(tail, tip2);
          var angDel = a2 - a1;
          if (angDel <= -Math.PI) { return angDel + Angle.PI_TIMES_2 }
          if (angDel > Math.PI) { return angDel - Angle.PI_TIMES_2 }
          return angDel
        };
        staticAccessors$29.PI_TIMES_2.get = function () { return 2.0 * Math.PI };
        staticAccessors$29.PI_OVER_2.get = function () { return Math.PI / 2.0 };
        staticAccessors$29.PI_OVER_4.get = function () { return Math.PI / 4.0 };
        staticAccessors$29.COUNTERCLOCKWISE.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.COUNTERCLOCKWISE };
        staticAccessors$29.CLOCKWISE.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE };
        staticAccessors$29.NONE.get = function () { return CGAlgorithms.COLLINEAR };

        Object.defineProperties( Angle, staticAccessors$29 );

        var OffsetSegmentGenerator = function OffsetSegmentGenerator () {
          this._maxCurveSegmentError = 0.0;
          this._filletAngleQuantum = null;
          this._closingSegLengthFactor = 1;
          this._segList = null;
          this._distance = 0.0;
          this._precisionModel = null;
          this._bufParams = null;
          this._li = null;
          this._s0 = null;
          this._s1 = null;
          this._s2 = null;
          this._seg0 = new LineSegment();
          this._seg1 = new LineSegment();
          this._offset0 = new LineSegment();
          this._offset1 = new LineSegment();
          this._side = 0;
          this._hasNarrowConcaveAngle = false;
          var precisionModel = arguments[0];
          var bufParams = arguments[1];
          var distance = arguments[2];
          this._precisionModel = precisionModel;
          this._bufParams = bufParams;
          this._li = new RobustLineIntersector();
          this._filletAngleQuantum = Math.PI / 2.0 / bufParams.getQuadrantSegments();
          if (bufParams.getQuadrantSegments() >= 8 && bufParams.getJoinStyle() === BufferParameters.JOIN_ROUND) { this._closingSegLengthFactor = OffsetSegmentGenerator.MAX_CLOSING_SEG_LEN_FACTOR; }
          this.init(distance);
        };

        var staticAccessors$27 = { OFFSET_SEGMENT_SEPARATION_FACTOR: { configurable: true },INSIDE_TURN_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR: { configurable: true },CURVE_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR: { configurable: true },MAX_CLOSING_SEG_LEN_FACTOR: { configurable: true } };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addNextSegment = function addNextSegment (p, addStartPoint) {
          this._s0 = this._s1;
          this._s1 = this._s2;
          this._s2 = p;
          this._seg0.setCoordinates(this._s0, this._s1);
          this.computeOffsetSegment(this._seg0, this._side, this._distance, this._offset0);
          this._seg1.setCoordinates(this._s1, this._s2);
          this.computeOffsetSegment(this._seg1, this._side, this._distance, this._offset1);
          if (this._s1.equals(this._s2)) { return null }
          var orientation = CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(this._s0, this._s1, this._s2);
          var outsideTurn = (orientation === CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE && this._side === Position.LEFT) || (orientation === CGAlgorithms.COUNTERCLOCKWISE && this._side === Position.RIGHT);
          if (orientation === 0) {
            this.addCollinear(addStartPoint);
          } else if (outsideTurn) {
            this.addOutsideTurn(orientation, addStartPoint);
          } else {
            this.addInsideTurn(orientation, addStartPoint);
          }
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addLineEndCap = function addLineEndCap (p0, p1) {
          var seg = new LineSegment(p0, p1);
          var offsetL = new LineSegment();
          this.computeOffsetSegment(seg, Position.LEFT, this._distance, offsetL);
          var offsetR = new LineSegment();
          this.computeOffsetSegment(seg, Position.RIGHT, this._distance, offsetR);
          var dx = p1.x - p0.x;
          var dy = p1.y - p0.y;
          var angle = Math.atan2(dy, dx);
          switch (this._bufParams.getEndCapStyle()) {
            case BufferParameters.CAP_ROUND:
              this._segList.addPt(offsetL.p1);
              this.addFilletArc(p1, angle + Math.PI / 2, angle - Math.PI / 2, CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE, this._distance);
              this._segList.addPt(offsetR.p1);
              break
            case BufferParameters.CAP_FLAT:
              this._segList.addPt(offsetL.p1);
              this._segList.addPt(offsetR.p1);
              break
            case BufferParameters.CAP_SQUARE:
              var squareCapSideOffset = new Coordinate();
              squareCapSideOffset.x = Math.abs(this._distance) * Math.cos(angle);
              squareCapSideOffset.y = Math.abs(this._distance) * Math.sin(angle);
              var squareCapLOffset = new Coordinate(offsetL.p1.x + squareCapSideOffset.x, offsetL.p1.y + squareCapSideOffset.y);
              var squareCapROffset = new Coordinate(offsetR.p1.x + squareCapSideOffset.x, offsetR.p1.y + squareCapSideOffset.y);
              this._segList.addPt(squareCapLOffset);
              this._segList.addPt(squareCapROffset);
              break
          }
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
          var pts = this._segList.getCoordinates();
          return pts
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addMitreJoin = function addMitreJoin (p, offset0, offset1, distance) {
          var isMitreWithinLimit = true;
          var intPt = null;
          try {
            intPt = HCoordinate.intersection(offset0.p0, offset0.p1, offset1.p0, offset1.p1);
            var mitreRatio = distance <= 0.0 ? 1.0 : intPt.distance(p) / Math.abs(distance);
            if (mitreRatio > this._bufParams.getMitreLimit()) { isMitreWithinLimit = false; }
          } catch (ex) {
            if (ex instanceof NotRepresentableException) {
              intPt = new Coordinate(0, 0);
              isMitreWithinLimit = false;
            } else { throw ex }
          } finally {}
          if (isMitreWithinLimit) {
            this._segList.addPt(intPt);
          } else {
            this.addLimitedMitreJoin(offset0, offset1, distance, this._bufParams.getMitreLimit());
          }
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addFilletCorner = function addFilletCorner (p, p0, p1, direction, radius) {
          var dx0 = p0.x - p.x;
          var dy0 = p0.y - p.y;
          var startAngle = Math.atan2(dy0, dx0);
          var dx1 = p1.x - p.x;
          var dy1 = p1.y - p.y;
          var endAngle = Math.atan2(dy1, dx1);
          if (direction === CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE) {
            if (startAngle <= endAngle) { startAngle += 2.0 * Math.PI; }
          } else {
            if (startAngle >= endAngle) { startAngle -= 2.0 * Math.PI; }
          }
          this._segList.addPt(p0);
          this.addFilletArc(p, startAngle, endAngle, direction, radius);
          this._segList.addPt(p1);
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addOutsideTurn = function addOutsideTurn (orientation, addStartPoint) {
          if (this._offset0.p1.distance(this._offset1.p0) < this._distance * OffsetSegmentGenerator.OFFSET_SEGMENT_SEPARATION_FACTOR) {
            this._segList.addPt(this._offset0.p1);
            return null
          }
          if (this._bufParams.getJoinStyle() === BufferParameters.JOIN_MITRE) {
            this.addMitreJoin(this._s1, this._offset0, this._offset1, this._distance);
          } else if (this._bufParams.getJoinStyle() === BufferParameters.JOIN_BEVEL) {
            this.addBevelJoin(this._offset0, this._offset1);
          } else {
            if (addStartPoint) { this._segList.addPt(this._offset0.p1); }
            this.addFilletCorner(this._s1, this._offset0.p1, this._offset1.p0, orientation, this._distance);
            this._segList.addPt(this._offset1.p0);
          }
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.createSquare = function createSquare (p) {
          this._segList.addPt(new Coordinate(p.x + this._distance, p.y + this._distance));
          this._segList.addPt(new Coordinate(p.x + this._distance, p.y - this._distance));
          this._segList.addPt(new Coordinate(p.x - this._distance, p.y - this._distance));
          this._segList.addPt(new Coordinate(p.x - this._distance, p.y + this._distance));
          this._segList.closeRing();
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addSegments = function addSegments (pt, isForward) {
          this._segList.addPts(pt, isForward);
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addFirstSegment = function addFirstSegment () {
          this._segList.addPt(this._offset1.p0);
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addLastSegment = function addLastSegment () {
          this._segList.addPt(this._offset1.p1);
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.initSideSegments = function initSideSegments (s1, s2, side) {
          this._s1 = s1;
          this._s2 = s2;
          this._side = side;
          this._seg1.setCoordinates(s1, s2);
          this.computeOffsetSegment(this._seg1, side, this._distance, this._offset1);
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addLimitedMitreJoin = function addLimitedMitreJoin (offset0, offset1, distance, mitreLimit) {
          var basePt = this._seg0.p1;
          var ang0 = Angle.angle(basePt, this._seg0.p0);
          // const ang1 = Angle.angle(basePt, this._seg1.p1)
          var angDiff = Angle.angleBetweenOriented(this._seg0.p0, basePt, this._seg1.p1);
          var angDiffHalf = angDiff / 2;
          var midAng = Angle.normalize(ang0 + angDiffHalf);
          var mitreMidAng = Angle.normalize(midAng + Math.PI);
          var mitreDist = mitreLimit * distance;
          var bevelDelta = mitreDist * Math.abs(Math.sin(angDiffHalf));
          var bevelHalfLen = distance - bevelDelta;
          var bevelMidX = basePt.x + mitreDist * Math.cos(mitreMidAng);
          var bevelMidY = basePt.y + mitreDist * Math.sin(mitreMidAng);
          var bevelMidPt = new Coordinate(bevelMidX, bevelMidY);
          var mitreMidLine = new LineSegment(basePt, bevelMidPt);
          var bevelEndLeft = mitreMidLine.pointAlongOffset(1.0, bevelHalfLen);
          var bevelEndRight = mitreMidLine.pointAlongOffset(1.0, -bevelHalfLen);
          if (this._side === Position.LEFT) {
            this._segList.addPt(bevelEndLeft);
            this._segList.addPt(bevelEndRight);
          } else {
            this._segList.addPt(bevelEndRight);
            this._segList.addPt(bevelEndLeft);
          }
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.computeOffsetSegment = function computeOffsetSegment (seg, side, distance, offset) {
          var sideSign = side === Position.LEFT ? 1 : -1;
          var dx = seg.p1.x - seg.p0.x;
          var dy = seg.p1.y - seg.p0.y;
          var len = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
          var ux = sideSign * distance * dx / len;
          var uy = sideSign * distance * dy / len;
          offset.p0.x = seg.p0.x - uy;
          offset.p0.y = seg.p0.y + ux;
          offset.p1.x = seg.p1.x - uy;
          offset.p1.y = seg.p1.y + ux;
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addFilletArc = function addFilletArc (p, startAngle, endAngle, direction, radius) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var directionFactor = direction === CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE ? -1 : 1;
          var totalAngle = Math.abs(startAngle - endAngle);
          var nSegs = Math.trunc(totalAngle / this._filletAngleQuantum + 0.5);
          if (nSegs < 1) { return null }
          var initAngle = 0.0;
          var currAngleInc = totalAngle / nSegs;
          var currAngle = initAngle;
          var pt = new Coordinate();
          while (currAngle < totalAngle) {
            var angle = startAngle + directionFactor * currAngle;
            pt.x = p.x + radius * Math.cos(angle);
            pt.y = p.y + radius * Math.sin(angle);
            this$1._segList.addPt(pt);
            currAngle += currAngleInc;
          }
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addInsideTurn = function addInsideTurn (orientation, addStartPoint) {
          this._li.computeIntersection(this._offset0.p0, this._offset0.p1, this._offset1.p0, this._offset1.p1);
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
            this._segList.addPt(this._li.getIntersection(0));
          } else {
            this._hasNarrowConcaveAngle = true;
            if (this._offset0.p1.distance(this._offset1.p0) < this._distance * OffsetSegmentGenerator.INSIDE_TURN_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR) {
              this._segList.addPt(this._offset0.p1);
            } else {
              this._segList.addPt(this._offset0.p1);
              if (this._closingSegLengthFactor > 0) {
                var mid0 = new Coordinate((this._closingSegLengthFactor * this._offset0.p1.x + this._s1.x) / (this._closingSegLengthFactor + 1), (this._closingSegLengthFactor * this._offset0.p1.y + this._s1.y) / (this._closingSegLengthFactor + 1));
                this._segList.addPt(mid0);
                var mid1 = new Coordinate((this._closingSegLengthFactor * this._offset1.p0.x + this._s1.x) / (this._closingSegLengthFactor + 1), (this._closingSegLengthFactor * this._offset1.p0.y + this._s1.y) / (this._closingSegLengthFactor + 1));
                this._segList.addPt(mid1);
              } else {
                this._segList.addPt(this._s1);
              }
              this._segList.addPt(this._offset1.p0);
            }
          }
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.createCircle = function createCircle (p) {
          var pt = new Coordinate(p.x + this._distance, p.y);
          this._segList.addPt(pt);
          this.addFilletArc(p, 0.0, 2.0 * Math.PI, -1, this._distance);
          this._segList.closeRing();
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addBevelJoin = function addBevelJoin (offset0, offset1) {
          this._segList.addPt(offset0.p1);
          this._segList.addPt(offset1.p0);
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.init = function init (distance) {
          this._distance = distance;
          this._maxCurveSegmentError = distance * (1 - Math.cos(this._filletAngleQuantum / 2.0));
          this._segList = new OffsetSegmentString();
          this._segList.setPrecisionModel(this._precisionModel);
          this._segList.setMinimumVertexDistance(distance * OffsetSegmentGenerator.CURVE_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR);
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.addCollinear = function addCollinear (addStartPoint) {
          this._li.computeIntersection(this._s0, this._s1, this._s1, this._s2);
          var numInt = this._li.getIntersectionNum();
          if (numInt >= 2) {
            if (this._bufParams.getJoinStyle() === BufferParameters.JOIN_BEVEL || this._bufParams.getJoinStyle() === BufferParameters.JOIN_MITRE) {
              if (addStartPoint) { this._segList.addPt(this._offset0.p1); }
              this._segList.addPt(this._offset1.p0);
            } else {
              this.addFilletCorner(this._s1, this._offset0.p1, this._offset1.p0, CGAlgorithms.CLOCKWISE, this._distance);
            }
          }
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.closeRing = function closeRing () {
          this._segList.closeRing();
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.hasNarrowConcaveAngle = function hasNarrowConcaveAngle () {
          return this._hasNarrowConcaveAngle
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        OffsetSegmentGenerator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return OffsetSegmentGenerator
        };
        staticAccessors$27.OFFSET_SEGMENT_SEPARATION_FACTOR.get = function () { return 1.0E-3 };
        staticAccessors$27.INSIDE_TURN_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR.get = function () { return 1.0E-3 };
        staticAccessors$27.CURVE_VERTEX_SNAP_DISTANCE_FACTOR.get = function () { return 1.0E-6 };
        staticAccessors$27.MAX_CLOSING_SEG_LEN_FACTOR.get = function () { return 80 };

        Object.defineProperties( OffsetSegmentGenerator, staticAccessors$27 );

        var OffsetCurveBuilder = function OffsetCurveBuilder () {
          this._distance = 0.0;
          this._precisionModel = null;
          this._bufParams = null;
          var precisionModel = arguments[0];
          var bufParams = arguments[1];
          this._precisionModel = precisionModel;
          this._bufParams = bufParams;
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getOffsetCurve = function getOffsetCurve (inputPts, distance) {
          this._distance = distance;
          if (distance === 0.0) { return null }
          var isRightSide = distance < 0.0;
          var posDistance = Math.abs(distance);
          var segGen = this.getSegGen(posDistance);
          if (inputPts.length <= 1) {
            this.computePointCurve(inputPts[0], segGen);
          } else {
            this.computeOffsetCurve(inputPts, isRightSide, segGen);
          }
          var curvePts = segGen.getCoordinates();
          if (isRightSide) { CoordinateArrays.reverse(curvePts); }
          return curvePts
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.computeSingleSidedBufferCurve = function computeSingleSidedBufferCurve (inputPts, isRightSide, segGen) {
          var distTol = this.simplifyTolerance(this._distance);
          if (isRightSide) {
            segGen.addSegments(inputPts, true);
            var simp2 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, -distTol);
            var n2 = simp2.length - 1;
            segGen.initSideSegments(simp2[n2], simp2[n2 - 1], Position.LEFT);
            segGen.addFirstSegment();
            for (var i = n2 - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
              segGen.addNextSegment(simp2[i], true);
            }
          } else {
            segGen.addSegments(inputPts, false);
            var simp1 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, distTol);
            var n1 = simp1.length - 1;
            segGen.initSideSegments(simp1[0], simp1[1], Position.LEFT);
            segGen.addFirstSegment();
            for (var i$1 = 2; i$1 <= n1; i$1++) {
              segGen.addNextSegment(simp1[i$1], true);
            }
          }
          segGen.addLastSegment();
          segGen.closeRing();
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.computeRingBufferCurve = function computeRingBufferCurve (inputPts, side, segGen) {
          var distTol = this.simplifyTolerance(this._distance);
          if (side === Position.RIGHT) { distTol = -distTol; }
          var simp = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, distTol);
          var n = simp.length - 1;
          segGen.initSideSegments(simp[n - 1], simp[0], side);
          for (var i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            var addStartPoint = i !== 1;
            segGen.addNextSegment(simp[i], addStartPoint);
          }
          segGen.closeRing();
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.computeLineBufferCurve = function computeLineBufferCurve (inputPts, segGen) {
          var distTol = this.simplifyTolerance(this._distance);
          var simp1 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, distTol);
          var n1 = simp1.length - 1;
          segGen.initSideSegments(simp1[0], simp1[1], Position.LEFT);
          for (var i = 2; i <= n1; i++) {
            segGen.addNextSegment(simp1[i], true);
          }
          segGen.addLastSegment();
          segGen.addLineEndCap(simp1[n1 - 1], simp1[n1]);
          var simp2 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, -distTol);
          var n2 = simp2.length - 1;
          segGen.initSideSegments(simp2[n2], simp2[n2 - 1], Position.LEFT);
          for (var i$1 = n2 - 2; i$1 >= 0; i$1--) {
            segGen.addNextSegment(simp2[i$1], true);
          }
          segGen.addLastSegment();
          segGen.addLineEndCap(simp2[1], simp2[0]);
          segGen.closeRing();
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.computePointCurve = function computePointCurve (pt, segGen) {
          switch (this._bufParams.getEndCapStyle()) {
            case BufferParameters.CAP_ROUND:
              segGen.createCircle(pt);
              break
            case BufferParameters.CAP_SQUARE:
              segGen.createSquare(pt);
              break
          }
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getLineCurve = function getLineCurve (inputPts, distance) {
          this._distance = distance;
          if (distance < 0.0 && !this._bufParams.isSingleSided()) { return null }
          if (distance === 0.0) { return null }
          var posDistance = Math.abs(distance);
          var segGen = this.getSegGen(posDistance);
          if (inputPts.length <= 1) {
            this.computePointCurve(inputPts[0], segGen);
          } else {
            if (this._bufParams.isSingleSided()) {
              var isRightSide = distance < 0.0;
              this.computeSingleSidedBufferCurve(inputPts, isRightSide, segGen);
            } else { this.computeLineBufferCurve(inputPts, segGen); }
          }
          var lineCoord = segGen.getCoordinates();
          return lineCoord
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getBufferParameters = function getBufferParameters () {
          return this._bufParams
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.simplifyTolerance = function simplifyTolerance (bufDistance) {
          return bufDistance * this._bufParams.getSimplifyFactor()
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getRingCurve = function getRingCurve (inputPts, side, distance) {
          this._distance = distance;
          if (inputPts.length <= 2) { return this.getLineCurve(inputPts, distance) }
          if (distance === 0.0) {
            return OffsetCurveBuilder.copyCoordinates(inputPts)
          }
          var segGen = this.getSegGen(distance);
          this.computeRingBufferCurve(inputPts, side, segGen);
          return segGen.getCoordinates()
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.computeOffsetCurve = function computeOffsetCurve (inputPts, isRightSide, segGen) {
          var distTol = this.simplifyTolerance(this._distance);
          if (isRightSide) {
            var simp2 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, -distTol);
            var n2 = simp2.length - 1;
            segGen.initSideSegments(simp2[n2], simp2[n2 - 1], Position.LEFT);
            segGen.addFirstSegment();
            for (var i = n2 - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
              segGen.addNextSegment(simp2[i], true);
            }
          } else {
            var simp1 = BufferInputLineSimplifier.simplify(inputPts, distTol);
            var n1 = simp1.length - 1;
            segGen.initSideSegments(simp1[0], simp1[1], Position.LEFT);
            segGen.addFirstSegment();
            for (var i$1 = 2; i$1 <= n1; i$1++) {
              segGen.addNextSegment(simp1[i$1], true);
            }
          }
          segGen.addLastSegment();
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getSegGen = function getSegGen (distance) {
          return new OffsetSegmentGenerator(this._precisionModel, this._bufParams, distance)
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return OffsetCurveBuilder
        };
        OffsetCurveBuilder.copyCoordinates = function copyCoordinates (pts) {
          var copy = new Array(pts.length).fill(null);
          for (var i = 0; i < copy.length; i++) {
            copy[i] = new Coordinate(pts[i]);
          }
          return copy
        };

        var SubgraphDepthLocater = function SubgraphDepthLocater () {
          this._subgraphs = null;
          this._seg = new LineSegment();
          this._cga = new CGAlgorithms();
          var subgraphs = arguments[0];
          this._subgraphs = subgraphs;
        };

        var staticAccessors$30 = { DepthSegment: { configurable: true } };
        SubgraphDepthLocater.prototype.findStabbedSegments = function findStabbedSegments () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var stabbingRayLeftPt = arguments[0];
            var stabbedSegments = new ArrayList();
            for (var i = this._subgraphs.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var bsg = i.next();
              var env = bsg.getEnvelope();
              if (stabbingRayLeftPt.y < env.getMinY() || stabbingRayLeftPt.y > env.getMaxY()) { continue }
              this$1.findStabbedSegments(stabbingRayLeftPt, bsg.getDirectedEdges(), stabbedSegments);
            }
            return stabbedSegments
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            if (hasInterface(arguments[2], List) && (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof DirectedEdge)) {
              var stabbingRayLeftPt$1 = arguments[0];
              var dirEdge = arguments[1];
              var stabbedSegments$1 = arguments[2];
              var pts = dirEdge.getEdge().getCoordinates();
              for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < pts.length - 1; i$1++) {
                this$1._seg.p0 = pts[i$1];
                this$1._seg.p1 = pts[i$1 + 1];
                if (this$1._seg.p0.y > this$1._seg.p1.y) { this$1._seg.reverse(); }
                var maxx = Math.max(this$1._seg.p0.x, this$1._seg.p1.x);
                if (maxx < stabbingRayLeftPt$1.x) { continue }
                if (this$1._seg.isHorizontal()) { continue }
                if (stabbingRayLeftPt$1.y < this$1._seg.p0.y || stabbingRayLeftPt$1.y > this$1._seg.p1.y) { continue }
                if (CGAlgorithms.computeOrientation(this$1._seg.p0, this$1._seg.p1, stabbingRayLeftPt$1) === CGAlgorithms.RIGHT) { continue }
                var depth = dirEdge.getDepth(Position.LEFT);
                if (!this$1._seg.p0.equals(pts[i$1])) { depth = dirEdge.getDepth(Position.RIGHT); }
                var ds = new DepthSegment(this$1._seg, depth);
                stabbedSegments$1.add(ds);
              }
            } else if (hasInterface(arguments[2], List) && (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && hasInterface(arguments[1], List))) {
              var stabbingRayLeftPt$2 = arguments[0];
              var dirEdges = arguments[1];
              var stabbedSegments$2 = arguments[2];
              for (var i$2 = dirEdges.iterator(); i$2.hasNext();) {
                var de = i$2.next();
                if (!de.isForward()) { continue }
                this$1.findStabbedSegments(stabbingRayLeftPt$2, de, stabbedSegments$2);
              }
            }
          }
        };
        SubgraphDepthLocater.prototype.getDepth = function getDepth (p) {
          var stabbedSegments = this.findStabbedSegments(p);
          if (stabbedSegments.size() === 0) { return 0 }
          var ds = Collections.min(stabbedSegments);
          return ds._leftDepth
        };
        SubgraphDepthLocater.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        SubgraphDepthLocater.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SubgraphDepthLocater
        };
        staticAccessors$30.DepthSegment.get = function () { return DepthSegment };

        Object.defineProperties( SubgraphDepthLocater, staticAccessors$30 );

        var DepthSegment = function DepthSegment () {
          this._upwardSeg = null;
          this._leftDepth = null;
          var seg = arguments[0];
          var depth = arguments[1];
          this._upwardSeg = new LineSegment(seg);
          this._leftDepth = depth;
        };
        DepthSegment.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (obj) {
          var other = obj;
          if (this._upwardSeg.minX() >= other._upwardSeg.maxX()) { return 1 }
          if (this._upwardSeg.maxX() <= other._upwardSeg.minX()) { return -1 }
          var orientIndex = this._upwardSeg.orientationIndex(other._upwardSeg);
          if (orientIndex !== 0) { return orientIndex }
          orientIndex = -1 * other._upwardSeg.orientationIndex(this._upwardSeg);
          if (orientIndex !== 0) { return orientIndex }
          return this._upwardSeg.compareTo(other._upwardSeg)
        };
        DepthSegment.prototype.compareX = function compareX (seg0, seg1) {
          var compare0 = seg0.p0.compareTo(seg1.p0);
          if (compare0 !== 0) { return compare0 }
          return seg0.p1.compareTo(seg1.p1)
        };
        DepthSegment.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return this._upwardSeg.toString()
        };
        DepthSegment.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable]
        };
        DepthSegment.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return DepthSegment
        };

        var Triangle = function Triangle (p0, p1, p2) {
          this.p0 = p0 || null;
          this.p1 = p1 || null;
          this.p2 = p2 || null;
        };
        Triangle.prototype.area = function area () {
          return Triangle.area(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
        };
        Triangle.prototype.signedArea = function signedArea () {
          return Triangle.signedArea(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
        };
        Triangle.prototype.interpolateZ = function interpolateZ (p) {
          if (p === null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Supplied point is null.') }
          return Triangle.interpolateZ(p, this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
        };
        Triangle.prototype.longestSideLength = function longestSideLength () {
          return Triangle.longestSideLength(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
        };
        Triangle.prototype.isAcute = function isAcute () {
          return Triangle.isAcute(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
        };
        Triangle.prototype.circumcentre = function circumcentre () {
          return Triangle.circumcentre(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
        };
        Triangle.prototype.area3D = function area3D () {
          return Triangle.area3D(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
        };
        Triangle.prototype.centroid = function centroid () {
          return Triangle.centroid(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
        };
        Triangle.prototype.inCentre = function inCentre () {
          return Triangle.inCentre(this.p0, this.p1, this.p2)
        };
        Triangle.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Triangle.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Triangle
        };
        Triangle.area = function area (a, b, c) {
          return Math.abs(((c.x - a.x) * (b.y - a.y) - (b.x - a.x) * (c.y - a.y)) / 2)
        };
        Triangle.signedArea = function signedArea (a, b, c) {
          return ((c.x - a.x) * (b.y - a.y) - (b.x - a.x) * (c.y - a.y)) / 2
        };
        Triangle.det = function det (m00, m01, m10, m11) {
          return m00 * m11 - m01 * m10
        };
        Triangle.interpolateZ = function interpolateZ (p, v0, v1, v2) {
          var x0 = v0.x;
          var y0 = v0.y;
          var a = v1.x - x0;
          var b = v2.x - x0;
          var c = v1.y - y0;
          var d = v2.y - y0;
          var det = a * d - b * c;
          var dx = p.x - x0;
          var dy = p.y - y0;
          var t = (d * dx - b * dy) / det;
          var u = (-c * dx + a * dy) / det;
          var z = v0.z + t * (v1.z - v0.z) + u * (v2.z - v0.z);
          return z
        };
        Triangle.longestSideLength = function longestSideLength (a, b, c) {
          var lenAB = a.distance(b);
          var lenBC = b.distance(c);
          var lenCA = c.distance(a);
          var maxLen = lenAB;
          if (lenBC > maxLen) { maxLen = lenBC; }
          if (lenCA > maxLen) { maxLen = lenCA; }
          return maxLen
        };
        Triangle.isAcute = function isAcute (a, b, c) {
          if (!Angle.isAcute(a, b, c)) { return false }
          if (!Angle.isAcute(b, c, a)) { return false }
          if (!Angle.isAcute(c, a, b)) { return false }
          return true
        };
        Triangle.circumcentre = function circumcentre (a, b, c) {
          var cx = c.x;
          var cy = c.y;
          var ax = a.x - cx;
          var ay = a.y - cy;
          var bx = b.x - cx;
          var by = b.y - cy;
          var denom = 2 * Triangle.det(ax, ay, bx, by);
          var numx = Triangle.det(ay, ax * ax + ay * ay, by, bx * bx + by * by);
          var numy = Triangle.det(ax, ax * ax + ay * ay, bx, bx * bx + by * by);
          var ccx = cx - numx / denom;
          var ccy = cy + numy / denom;
          return new Coordinate(ccx, ccy)
        };
        Triangle.perpendicularBisector = function perpendicularBisector (a, b) {
          var dx = b.x - a.x;
          var dy = b.y - a.y;
          var l1 = new HCoordinate(a.x + dx / 2.0, a.y + dy / 2.0, 1.0);
          var l2 = new HCoordinate(a.x - dy + dx / 2.0, a.y + dx + dy / 2.0, 1.0);
          return new HCoordinate(l1, l2)
        };
        Triangle.angleBisector = function angleBisector (a, b, c) {
          var len0 = b.distance(a);
          var len2 = b.distance(c);
          var frac = len0 / (len0 + len2);
          var dx = c.x - a.x;
          var dy = c.y - a.y;
          var splitPt = new Coordinate(a.x + frac * dx, a.y + frac * dy);
          return splitPt
        };
        Triangle.area3D = function area3D (a, b, c) {
          var ux = b.x - a.x;
          var uy = b.y - a.y;
          var uz = b.z - a.z;
          var vx = c.x - a.x;
          var vy = c.y - a.y;
          var vz = c.z - a.z;
          var crossx = uy * vz - uz * vy;
          var crossy = uz * vx - ux * vz;
          var crossz = ux * vy - uy * vx;
          var absSq = crossx * crossx + crossy * crossy + crossz * crossz;
          var area3D = Math.sqrt(absSq) / 2;
          return area3D
        };
        Triangle.centroid = function centroid (a, b, c) {
          var x = (a.x + b.x + c.x) / 3;
          var y = (a.y + b.y + c.y) / 3;
          return new Coordinate(x, y)
        };
        Triangle.inCentre = function inCentre (a, b, c) {
          var len0 = b.distance(c);
          var len1 = a.distance(c);
          var len2 = a.distance(b);
          var circum = len0 + len1 + len2;
          var inCentreX = (len0 * a.x + len1 * b.x + len2 * c.x) / circum;
          var inCentreY = (len0 * a.y + len1 * b.y + len2 * c.y) / circum;
          return new Coordinate(inCentreX, inCentreY)
        };

        var OffsetCurveSetBuilder = function OffsetCurveSetBuilder () {
          this._inputGeom = null;
          this._distance = null;
          this._curveBuilder = null;
          this._curveList = new ArrayList();
          var inputGeom = arguments[0];
          var distance = arguments[1];
          var curveBuilder = arguments[2];
          this._inputGeom = inputGeom;
          this._distance = distance;
          this._curveBuilder = curveBuilder;
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addPoint = function addPoint (p) {
          if (this._distance <= 0.0) { return null }
          var coord = p.getCoordinates();
          var curve = this._curveBuilder.getLineCurve(coord, this._distance);
          this.addCurve(curve, Location.EXTERIOR, Location.INTERIOR);
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addPolygon = function addPolygon (p) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var offsetDistance = this._distance;
          var offsetSide = Position.LEFT;
          if (this._distance < 0.0) {
            offsetDistance = -this._distance;
            offsetSide = Position.RIGHT;
          }
          var shell = p.getExteriorRing();
          var shellCoord = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(shell.getCoordinates());
          if (this._distance < 0.0 && this.isErodedCompletely(shell, this._distance)) { return null }
          if (this._distance <= 0.0 && shellCoord.length < 3) { return null }
          this.addPolygonRing(shellCoord, offsetDistance, offsetSide, Location.EXTERIOR, Location.INTERIOR);
          for (var i = 0; i < p.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
            var hole = p.getInteriorRingN(i);
            var holeCoord = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(hole.getCoordinates());
            if (this$1._distance > 0.0 && this$1.isErodedCompletely(hole, -this$1._distance)) { continue }
            this$1.addPolygonRing(holeCoord, offsetDistance, Position.opposite(offsetSide), Location.INTERIOR, Location.EXTERIOR);
          }
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.isTriangleErodedCompletely = function isTriangleErodedCompletely (triangleCoord, bufferDistance) {
          var tri = new Triangle(triangleCoord[0], triangleCoord[1], triangleCoord[2]);
          var inCentre = tri.inCentre();
          var distToCentre = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(inCentre, tri.p0, tri.p1);
          return distToCentre < Math.abs(bufferDistance)
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addLineString = function addLineString (line) {
          if (this._distance <= 0.0 && !this._curveBuilder.getBufferParameters().isSingleSided()) { return null }
          var coord = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(line.getCoordinates());
          var curve = this._curveBuilder.getLineCurve(coord, this._distance);
          this.addCurve(curve, Location.EXTERIOR, Location.INTERIOR);
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addCurve = function addCurve (coord, leftLoc, rightLoc) {
          if (coord === null || coord.length < 2) { return null }
          var e = new NodedSegmentString(coord, new Label(0, Location.BOUNDARY, leftLoc, rightLoc));
          this._curveList.add(e);
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.getCurves = function getCurves () {
          this.add(this._inputGeom);
          return this._curveList
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addPolygonRing = function addPolygonRing (coord, offsetDistance, side, cwLeftLoc, cwRightLoc) {
          if (offsetDistance === 0.0 && coord.length < LinearRing.MINIMUM_VALID_SIZE) { return null }
          var leftLoc = cwLeftLoc;
          var rightLoc = cwRightLoc;
          if (coord.length >= LinearRing.MINIMUM_VALID_SIZE && CGAlgorithms.isCCW(coord)) {
            leftLoc = cwRightLoc;
            rightLoc = cwLeftLoc;
            side = Position.opposite(side);
          }
          var curve = this._curveBuilder.getRingCurve(coord, side, offsetDistance);
          this.addCurve(curve, leftLoc, rightLoc);
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.add = function add (g) {
          if (g.isEmpty()) { return null }
          if (g instanceof Polygon) { this.addPolygon(g); }
          else if (g instanceof LineString) { this.addLineString(g); }
          else if (g instanceof Point$1) { this.addPoint(g); }
          else if (g instanceof MultiPoint) { this.addCollection(g); }
          else if (g instanceof MultiLineString) { this.addCollection(g); }
          else if (g instanceof MultiPolygon) { this.addCollection(g); }
          else if (g instanceof GeometryCollection) { this.addCollection(g); }
          // else throw new UnsupportedOperationException(g.getClass().getName())
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.isErodedCompletely = function isErodedCompletely (ring, bufferDistance) {
          var ringCoord = ring.getCoordinates();
          // const minDiam = 0.0
          if (ringCoord.length < 4) { return bufferDistance < 0 }
          if (ringCoord.length === 4) { return this.isTriangleErodedCompletely(ringCoord, bufferDistance) }
          var env = ring.getEnvelopeInternal();
          var envMinDimension = Math.min(env.getHeight(), env.getWidth());
          if (bufferDistance < 0.0 && 2 * Math.abs(bufferDistance) > envMinDimension) { return true }
          return false
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.addCollection = function addCollection (gc) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < gc.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var g = gc.getGeometryN(i);
            this$1.add(g);
          }
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        OffsetCurveSetBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return OffsetCurveSetBuilder
        };

        var PointOnGeometryLocator = function PointOnGeometryLocator () {};

        PointOnGeometryLocator.prototype.locate = function locate (p) {};
        PointOnGeometryLocator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        PointOnGeometryLocator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PointOnGeometryLocator
        };

        var GeometryCollectionIterator = function GeometryCollectionIterator () {
          this._parent = null;
          this._atStart = null;
          this._max = null;
          this._index = null;
          this._subcollectionIterator = null;
          var parent = arguments[0];
          this._parent = parent;
          this._atStart = true;
          this._index = 0;
          this._max = parent.getNumGeometries();
        };
        GeometryCollectionIterator.prototype.next = function next () {
          if (this._atStart) {
            this._atStart = false;
            if (GeometryCollectionIterator.isAtomic(this._parent)) { this._index++; }
            return this._parent
          }
          if (this._subcollectionIterator !== null) {
            if (this._subcollectionIterator.hasNext()) {
              return this._subcollectionIterator.next()
            } else {
              this._subcollectionIterator = null;
            }
          }
          if (this._index >= this._max) {
            throw new NoSuchElementException()
          }
          var obj = this._parent.getGeometryN(this._index++);
          if (obj instanceof GeometryCollection) {
            this._subcollectionIterator = new GeometryCollectionIterator(obj);
            return this._subcollectionIterator.next()
          }
          return obj
        };
        GeometryCollectionIterator.prototype.remove = function remove () {
          throw new Error(this.getClass().getName())
        };
        GeometryCollectionIterator.prototype.hasNext = function hasNext () {
          if (this._atStart) {
            return true
          }
          if (this._subcollectionIterator !== null) {
            if (this._subcollectionIterator.hasNext()) {
              return true
            }
            this._subcollectionIterator = null;
          }
          if (this._index >= this._max) {
            return false
          }
          return true
        };
        GeometryCollectionIterator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Iterator$1]
        };
        GeometryCollectionIterator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryCollectionIterator
        };
        GeometryCollectionIterator.isAtomic = function isAtomic (geom) {
          return !(geom instanceof GeometryCollection)
        };

        var SimplePointInAreaLocator = function SimplePointInAreaLocator () {
          this._geom = null;
          var geom = arguments[0];
          this._geom = geom;
        };
        SimplePointInAreaLocator.prototype.locate = function locate (p) {
          return SimplePointInAreaLocator.locate(p, this._geom)
        };
        SimplePointInAreaLocator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [PointOnGeometryLocator]
        };
        SimplePointInAreaLocator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SimplePointInAreaLocator
        };
        SimplePointInAreaLocator.isPointInRing = function isPointInRing (p, ring) {
          if (!ring.getEnvelopeInternal().intersects(p)) { return false }
          return CGAlgorithms.isPointInRing(p, ring.getCoordinates())
        };
        SimplePointInAreaLocator.containsPointInPolygon = function containsPointInPolygon (p, poly) {
          if (poly.isEmpty()) { return false }
          var shell = poly.getExteriorRing();
          if (!SimplePointInAreaLocator.isPointInRing(p, shell)) { return false }
          for (var i = 0; i < poly.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
            var hole = poly.getInteriorRingN(i);
            if (SimplePointInAreaLocator.isPointInRing(p, hole)) { return false }
          }
          return true
        };
        SimplePointInAreaLocator.containsPoint = function containsPoint (p, geom) {
          if (geom instanceof Polygon) {
            return SimplePointInAreaLocator.containsPointInPolygon(p, geom)
          } else if (geom instanceof GeometryCollection) {
            var geomi = new GeometryCollectionIterator(geom);
            while (geomi.hasNext()) {
              var g2 = geomi.next();
              if (g2 !== geom) { if (SimplePointInAreaLocator.containsPoint(p, g2)) { return true } }
            }
          }
          return false
        };
        SimplePointInAreaLocator.locate = function locate (p, geom) {
          if (geom.isEmpty()) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
          if (SimplePointInAreaLocator.containsPoint(p, geom)) { return Location.INTERIOR }
          return Location.EXTERIOR
        };

        var EdgeEndStar = function EdgeEndStar () {
          this._edgeMap = new TreeMap();
          this._edgeList = null;
          this._ptInAreaLocation = [Location.NONE, Location.NONE];
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.getNextCW = function getNextCW (ee) {
          this.getEdges();
          var i = this._edgeList.indexOf(ee);
          var iNextCW = i - 1;
          if (i === 0) { iNextCW = this._edgeList.size() - 1; }
          return this._edgeList.get(iNextCW)
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.propagateSideLabels = function propagateSideLabels (geomIndex) {
          var startLoc = Location.NONE;
          for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var e = it.next();
            var label = e.getLabel();
            if (label.isArea(geomIndex) && label.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT) !== Location.NONE) { startLoc = label.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT); }
          }
          if (startLoc === Location.NONE) { return null }
          var currLoc = startLoc;
          for (var it$1 = this.iterator(); it$1.hasNext();) {
            var e$1 = it$1.next();
            var label$1 = e$1.getLabel();
            if (label$1.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.ON) === Location.NONE) { label$1.setLocation(geomIndex, Position.ON, currLoc); }
            if (label$1.isArea(geomIndex)) {
              var leftLoc = label$1.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT);
              var rightLoc = label$1.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.RIGHT);
              if (rightLoc !== Location.NONE) {
                if (rightLoc !== currLoc) { throw new TopologyException('side location conflict', e$1.getCoordinate()) }
                if (leftLoc === Location.NONE) {
                  Assert.shouldNeverReachHere('found single null side (at ' + e$1.getCoordinate() + ')');
                }
                currLoc = leftLoc;
              } else {
                Assert.isTrue(label$1.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT) === Location.NONE, 'found single null side');
                label$1.setLocation(geomIndex, Position.RIGHT, currLoc);
                label$1.setLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT, currLoc);
              }
            }
          }
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
          var it = this.iterator();
          if (!it.hasNext()) { return null }
          var e = it.next();
          return e.getCoordinate()
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.print = function print (out) {
          System.out.println('EdgeEndStar:   ' + this.getCoordinate());
          for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var e = it.next();
            e.print(out);
          }
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.isAreaLabelsConsistent = function isAreaLabelsConsistent (geomGraph) {
          this.computeEdgeEndLabels(geomGraph.getBoundaryNodeRule());
          return this.checkAreaLabelsConsistent(0)
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.checkAreaLabelsConsistent = function checkAreaLabelsConsistent (geomIndex) {
          var edges = this.getEdges();
          if (edges.size() <= 0) { return true }
          var lastEdgeIndex = edges.size() - 1;
          var startLabel = edges.get(lastEdgeIndex).getLabel();
          var startLoc = startLabel.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT);
          Assert.isTrue(startLoc !== Location.NONE, 'Found unlabelled area edge');
          var currLoc = startLoc;
          for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var e = it.next();
            var label = e.getLabel();
            Assert.isTrue(label.isArea(geomIndex), 'Found non-area edge');
            var leftLoc = label.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.LEFT);
            var rightLoc = label.getLocation(geomIndex, Position.RIGHT);
            if (leftLoc === rightLoc) {
              return false
            }
            if (rightLoc !== currLoc) {
              return false
            }
            currLoc = leftLoc;
          }
          return true
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.findIndex = function findIndex (eSearch) {
            var this$1 = this;

          this.iterator();
          for (var i = 0; i < this._edgeList.size(); i++) {
            var e = this$1._edgeList.get(i);
            if (e === eSearch) { return i }
          }
          return -1
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
          return this.getEdges().iterator()
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.getEdges = function getEdges () {
          if (this._edgeList === null) {
            this._edgeList = new ArrayList(this._edgeMap.values());
          }
          return this._edgeList
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.getLocation = function getLocation (geomIndex, p, geom) {
          if (this._ptInAreaLocation[geomIndex] === Location.NONE) {
            this._ptInAreaLocation[geomIndex] = SimplePointInAreaLocator.locate(p, geom[geomIndex].getGeometry());
          }
          return this._ptInAreaLocation[geomIndex]
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          var buf = new StringBuffer();
          buf.append('EdgeEndStar:   ' + this.getCoordinate());
          buf.append('\n');
          for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var e = it.next();
            buf.append(e);
            buf.append('\n');
          }
          return buf.toString()
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.computeEdgeEndLabels = function computeEdgeEndLabels (boundaryNodeRule) {
          for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var ee = it.next();
            ee.computeLabel(boundaryNodeRule);
          }
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.computeLabelling = function computeLabelling (geomGraph) {
            var this$1 = this;

          this.computeEdgeEndLabels(geomGraph[0].getBoundaryNodeRule());
          this.propagateSideLabels(0);
          this.propagateSideLabels(1);
          var hasDimensionalCollapseEdge = [false, false];
          for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var e = it.next();
            var label = e.getLabel();
            for (var geomi = 0; geomi < 2; geomi++) {
              if (label.isLine(geomi) && label.getLocation(geomi) === Location.BOUNDARY) { hasDimensionalCollapseEdge[geomi] = true; }
            }
          }
          for (var it$1 = this.iterator(); it$1.hasNext();) {
            var e$1 = it$1.next();
            var label$1 = e$1.getLabel();
            for (var geomi$1 = 0; geomi$1 < 2; geomi$1++) {
              if (label$1.isAnyNull(geomi$1)) {
                var loc = Location.NONE;
                if (hasDimensionalCollapseEdge[geomi$1]) {
                  loc = Location.EXTERIOR;
                } else {
                  var p = e$1.getCoordinate();
                  loc = this$1.getLocation(geomi$1, p, geomGraph);
                }
                label$1.setAllLocationsIfNull(geomi$1, loc);
              }
            }
          }
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.getDegree = function getDegree () {
          return this._edgeMap.size()
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.insertEdgeEnd = function insertEdgeEnd (e, obj) {
          this._edgeMap.put(e, obj);
          this._edgeList = null;
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        EdgeEndStar.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return EdgeEndStar
        };

        var DirectedEdgeStar = (function (EdgeEndStar$$1) {
          function DirectedEdgeStar () {
            EdgeEndStar$$1.call(this);
            this._resultAreaEdgeList = null;
            this._label = null;
            this._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING = 1;
            this._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING = 2;
          }

          if ( EdgeEndStar$$1 ) { DirectedEdgeStar.__proto__ = EdgeEndStar$$1; }
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype = Object.create( EdgeEndStar$$1 && EdgeEndStar$$1.prototype );
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.constructor = DirectedEdgeStar;
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.linkResultDirectedEdges = function linkResultDirectedEdges () {
            var this$1 = this;

            this.getResultAreaEdges();
            var firstOut = null;
            var incoming = null;
            var state = this._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING;
            for (var i = 0; i < this._resultAreaEdgeList.size(); i++) {
              var nextOut = this$1._resultAreaEdgeList.get(i);
              var nextIn = nextOut.getSym();
              if (!nextOut.getLabel().isArea()) { continue }
              if (firstOut === null && nextOut.isInResult()) { firstOut = nextOut; }
              switch (state) {
                case this$1._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING:
                  if (!nextIn.isInResult()) { continue }
                  incoming = nextIn;
                  state = this$1._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING;
                  break
                case this$1._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING:
                  if (!nextOut.isInResult()) { continue }
                  incoming.setNext(nextOut);
                  state = this$1._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING;
                  break
              }
            }
            if (state === this._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING) {
              if (firstOut === null) { throw new TopologyException('no outgoing dirEdge found', this.getCoordinate()) }
              Assert.isTrue(firstOut.isInResult(), 'unable to link last incoming dirEdge');
              incoming.setNext(firstOut);
            }
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.insert = function insert (ee) {
            var de = ee;
            this.insertEdgeEnd(de, de);
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.getRightmostEdge = function getRightmostEdge () {
            var edges = this.getEdges();
            var size = edges.size();
            if (size < 1) { return null }
            var de0 = edges.get(0);
            if (size === 1) { return de0 }
            var deLast = edges.get(size - 1);
            var quad0 = de0.getQuadrant();
            var quad1 = deLast.getQuadrant();
            if (Quadrant.isNorthern(quad0) && Quadrant.isNorthern(quad1)) { return de0; } else if (!Quadrant.isNorthern(quad0) && !Quadrant.isNorthern(quad1)) { return deLast; } else {
              // const nonHorizontalEdge = null
              if (de0.getDy() !== 0) { return de0; } else if (deLast.getDy() !== 0) { return deLast }
            }
            Assert.shouldNeverReachHere('found two horizontal edges incident on node');
            return null
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.print = function print (out) {
            System.out.println('DirectedEdgeStar: ' + this.getCoordinate());
            for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var de = it.next();
              out.print('out ');
              de.print(out);
              out.println();
              out.print('in ');
              de.getSym().print(out);
              out.println();
            }
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.getResultAreaEdges = function getResultAreaEdges () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (this._resultAreaEdgeList !== null) { return this._resultAreaEdgeList }
            this._resultAreaEdgeList = new ArrayList();
            for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var de = it.next();
              if (de.isInResult() || de.getSym().isInResult()) { this$1._resultAreaEdgeList.add(de); }
            }
            return this._resultAreaEdgeList
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.updateLabelling = function updateLabelling (nodeLabel) {
            for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var de = it.next();
              var label = de.getLabel();
              label.setAllLocationsIfNull(0, nodeLabel.getLocation(0));
              label.setAllLocationsIfNull(1, nodeLabel.getLocation(1));
            }
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.linkAllDirectedEdges = function linkAllDirectedEdges () {
            var this$1 = this;

            this.getEdges();
            var prevOut = null;
            var firstIn = null;
            for (var i = this._edgeList.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
              var nextOut = this$1._edgeList.get(i);
              var nextIn = nextOut.getSym();
              if (firstIn === null) { firstIn = nextIn; }
              if (prevOut !== null) { nextIn.setNext(prevOut); }
              prevOut = nextOut;
            }
            firstIn.setNext(prevOut);
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.computeDepths = function computeDepths () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var de = arguments[0];
              var edgeIndex = this.findIndex(de);
              // const label = de.getLabel()
              var startDepth = de.getDepth(Position.LEFT);
              var targetLastDepth = de.getDepth(Position.RIGHT);
              var nextDepth = this.computeDepths(edgeIndex + 1, this._edgeList.size(), startDepth);
              var lastDepth = this.computeDepths(0, edgeIndex, nextDepth);
              if (lastDepth !== targetLastDepth) { throw new TopologyException('depth mismatch at ' + de.getCoordinate()) }
            } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
              var startIndex = arguments[0];
              var endIndex = arguments[1];
              var startDepth$1 = arguments[2];
              var currDepth = startDepth$1;
              for (var i = startIndex; i < endIndex; i++) {
                var nextDe = this$1._edgeList.get(i);
                // const label = nextDe.getLabel()
                nextDe.setEdgeDepths(Position.RIGHT, currDepth);
                currDepth = nextDe.getDepth(Position.LEFT);
              }
              return currDepth
            }
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.mergeSymLabels = function mergeSymLabels () {
            for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var de = it.next();
              var label = de.getLabel();
              label.merge(de.getSym().getLabel());
            }
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.linkMinimalDirectedEdges = function linkMinimalDirectedEdges (er) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var firstOut = null;
            var incoming = null;
            var state = this._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING;
            for (var i = this._resultAreaEdgeList.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
              var nextOut = this$1._resultAreaEdgeList.get(i);
              var nextIn = nextOut.getSym();
              if (firstOut === null && nextOut.getEdgeRing() === er) { firstOut = nextOut; }
              switch (state) {
                case this$1._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING:
                  if (nextIn.getEdgeRing() !== er) { continue }
                  incoming = nextIn;
                  state = this$1._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING;
                  break
                case this$1._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING:
                  if (nextOut.getEdgeRing() !== er) { continue }
                  incoming.setNextMin(nextOut);
                  state = this$1._SCANNING_FOR_INCOMING;
                  break
              }
            }
            if (state === this._LINKING_TO_OUTGOING) {
              Assert.isTrue(firstOut !== null, 'found null for first outgoing dirEdge');
              Assert.isTrue(firstOut.getEdgeRing() === er, 'unable to link last incoming dirEdge');
              incoming.setNextMin(firstOut);
            }
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.getOutgoingDegree = function getOutgoingDegree () {
            if (arguments.length === 0) {
              var degree = 0;
              for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
                var de = it.next();
                if (de.isInResult()) { degree++; }
              }
              return degree
            } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var er = arguments[0];
              var degree$1 = 0;
              for (var it$1 = this.iterator(); it$1.hasNext();) {
                var de$1 = it$1.next();
                if (de$1.getEdgeRing() === er) { degree$1++; }
              }
              return degree$1
            }
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.getLabel = function getLabel () {
            return this._label
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.findCoveredLineEdges = function findCoveredLineEdges () {
            var startLoc = Location.NONE;
            for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var nextOut = it.next();
              var nextIn = nextOut.getSym();
              if (!nextOut.isLineEdge()) {
                if (nextOut.isInResult()) {
                  startLoc = Location.INTERIOR;
                  break
                }
                if (nextIn.isInResult()) {
                  startLoc = Location.EXTERIOR;
                  break
                }
              }
            }
            if (startLoc === Location.NONE) { return null }
            var currLoc = startLoc;
            for (var it$1 = this.iterator(); it$1.hasNext();) {
              var nextOut$1 = it$1.next();
              var nextIn$1 = nextOut$1.getSym();
              if (nextOut$1.isLineEdge()) {
                nextOut$1.getEdge().setCovered(currLoc === Location.INTERIOR);
              } else {
                if (nextOut$1.isInResult()) { currLoc = Location.EXTERIOR; }
                if (nextIn$1.isInResult()) { currLoc = Location.INTERIOR; }
              }
            }
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.computeLabelling = function computeLabelling (geom) {
            var this$1 = this;

            EdgeEndStar$$1.prototype.computeLabelling.call(this, geom);
            this._label = new Label(Location.NONE);
            for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var ee = it.next();
              var e = ee.getEdge();
              var eLabel = e.getLabel();
              for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
                var eLoc = eLabel.getLocation(i);
                if (eLoc === Location.INTERIOR || eLoc === Location.BOUNDARY) { this$1._label.setLocation(i, Location.INTERIOR); }
              }
            }
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          DirectedEdgeStar.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return DirectedEdgeStar
          };

          return DirectedEdgeStar;
        }(EdgeEndStar));

        var OverlayNodeFactory = (function (NodeFactory$$1) {
          function OverlayNodeFactory () {
            NodeFactory$$1.apply(this, arguments);
          }

          if ( NodeFactory$$1 ) { OverlayNodeFactory.__proto__ = NodeFactory$$1; }
          OverlayNodeFactory.prototype = Object.create( NodeFactory$$1 && NodeFactory$$1.prototype );
          OverlayNodeFactory.prototype.constructor = OverlayNodeFactory;

          OverlayNodeFactory.prototype.createNode = function createNode (coord) {
            return new Node$1(coord, new DirectedEdgeStar())
          };
          OverlayNodeFactory.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          OverlayNodeFactory.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return OverlayNodeFactory
          };

          return OverlayNodeFactory;
        }(NodeFactory));

        var OrientedCoordinateArray = function OrientedCoordinateArray () {
          this._pts = null;
          this._orientation = null;
          var pts = arguments[0];
          this._pts = pts;
          this._orientation = OrientedCoordinateArray.orientation(pts);
        };
        OrientedCoordinateArray.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o1) {
          var oca = o1;
          var comp = OrientedCoordinateArray.compareOriented(this._pts, this._orientation, oca._pts, oca._orientation);
          return comp
        };
        OrientedCoordinateArray.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable]
        };
        OrientedCoordinateArray.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return OrientedCoordinateArray
        };
        OrientedCoordinateArray.orientation = function orientation (pts) {
          return CoordinateArrays.increasingDirection(pts) === 1
        };
        OrientedCoordinateArray.compareOriented = function compareOriented (pts1, orientation1, pts2, orientation2) {
          var dir1 = orientation1 ? 1 : -1;
          var dir2 = orientation2 ? 1 : -1;
          var limit1 = orientation1 ? pts1.length : -1;
          var limit2 = orientation2 ? pts2.length : -1;
          var i1 = orientation1 ? 0 : pts1.length - 1;
          var i2 = orientation2 ? 0 : pts2.length - 1;
          // const comp = 0
          while (true) {
            var compPt = pts1[i1].compareTo(pts2[i2]);
            if (compPt !== 0) { return compPt }
            i1 += dir1;
            i2 += dir2;
            var done1 = i1 === limit1;
            var done2 = i2 === limit2;
            if (done1 && !done2) { return -1 }
            if (!done1 && done2) { return 1 }
            if (done1 && done2) { return 0 }
          }
        };

        var EdgeList = function EdgeList () {
          this._edges = new ArrayList();
          this._ocaMap = new TreeMap();
        };
        EdgeList.prototype.print = function print (out) {
            var this$1 = this;

          out.print('MULTILINESTRING ( ');
          for (var j = 0; j < this._edges.size(); j++) {
            var e = this$1._edges.get(j);
            if (j > 0) { out.print(','); }
            out.print('(');
            var pts = e.getCoordinates();
            for (var i = 0; i < pts.length; i++) {
              if (i > 0) { out.print(','); }
              out.print(pts[i].x + ' ' + pts[i].y);
            }
            out.println(')');
          }
          out.print(')  ');
        };
        EdgeList.prototype.addAll = function addAll (edgeColl) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = edgeColl.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            this$1.add(i.next());
          }
        };
        EdgeList.prototype.findEdgeIndex = function findEdgeIndex (e) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this._edges.size(); i++) {
            if (this$1._edges.get(i).equals(e)) { return i }
          }
          return -1
        };
        EdgeList.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
          return this._edges.iterator()
        };
        EdgeList.prototype.getEdges = function getEdges () {
          return this._edges
        };
        EdgeList.prototype.get = function get (i) {
          return this._edges.get(i)
        };
        EdgeList.prototype.findEqualEdge = function findEqualEdge (e) {
          var oca = new OrientedCoordinateArray(e.getCoordinates());
          var matchEdge = this._ocaMap.get(oca);
          return matchEdge
        };
        EdgeList.prototype.add = function add (e) {
          this._edges.add(e);
          var oca = new OrientedCoordinateArray(e.getCoordinates());
          this._ocaMap.put(oca, e);
        };
        EdgeList.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        EdgeList.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return EdgeList
        };

        var SegmentIntersector = function SegmentIntersector () {};

        SegmentIntersector.prototype.processIntersections = function processIntersections (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {};
        SegmentIntersector.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {};
        SegmentIntersector.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        SegmentIntersector.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SegmentIntersector
        };

        var IntersectionAdder = function IntersectionAdder () {
          this._hasIntersection = false;
          this._hasProper = false;
          this._hasProperInterior = false;
          this._hasInterior = false;
          this._properIntersectionPoint = null;
          this._li = null;
          this._isSelfIntersection = null;
          this.numIntersections = 0;
          this.numInteriorIntersections = 0;
          this.numProperIntersections = 0;
          this.numTests = 0;
          var li = arguments[0];
          this._li = li;
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.isTrivialIntersection = function isTrivialIntersection (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
          if (e0 === e1) {
            if (this._li.getIntersectionNum() === 1) {
              if (IntersectionAdder.isAdjacentSegments(segIndex0, segIndex1)) { return true }
              if (e0.isClosed()) {
                var maxSegIndex = e0.size() - 1;
                if ((segIndex0 === 0 && segIndex1 === maxSegIndex) ||
                    (segIndex1 === 0 && segIndex0 === maxSegIndex)) {
                  return true
                }
              }
            }
          }
          return false
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.getProperIntersectionPoint = function getProperIntersectionPoint () {
          return this._properIntersectionPoint
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.hasProperInteriorIntersection = function hasProperInteriorIntersection () {
          return this._hasProperInterior
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.getLineIntersector = function getLineIntersector () {
          return this._li
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.hasProperIntersection = function hasProperIntersection () {
          return this._hasProper
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.processIntersections = function processIntersections (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
          if (e0 === e1 && segIndex0 === segIndex1) { return null }
          this.numTests++;
          var p00 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0];
          var p01 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0 + 1];
          var p10 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1];
          var p11 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1 + 1];
          this._li.computeIntersection(p00, p01, p10, p11);
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
            this.numIntersections++;
            if (this._li.isInteriorIntersection()) {
              this.numInteriorIntersections++;
              this._hasInterior = true;
            }
            if (!this.isTrivialIntersection(e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1)) {
              this._hasIntersection = true;
              e0.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex0, 0);
              e1.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex1, 1);
              if (this._li.isProper()) {
                this.numProperIntersections++;
                this._hasProper = true;
                this._hasProperInterior = true;
              }
            }
          }
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.hasIntersection = function hasIntersection () {
          return this._hasIntersection
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
          return false
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.hasInteriorIntersection = function hasInteriorIntersection () {
          return this._hasInterior
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [SegmentIntersector]
        };
        IntersectionAdder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return IntersectionAdder
        };
        IntersectionAdder.isAdjacentSegments = function isAdjacentSegments (i1, i2) {
          return Math.abs(i1 - i2) === 1
        };

        var EdgeIntersection = function EdgeIntersection () {
          this.coord = null;
          this.segmentIndex = null;
          this.dist = null;
          var coord = arguments[0];
          var segmentIndex = arguments[1];
          var dist = arguments[2];
          this.coord = new Coordinate(coord);
          this.segmentIndex = segmentIndex;
          this.dist = dist;
        };
        EdgeIntersection.prototype.getSegmentIndex = function getSegmentIndex () {
          return this.segmentIndex
        };
        EdgeIntersection.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
          return this.coord
        };
        EdgeIntersection.prototype.print = function print (out) {
          out.print(this.coord);
          out.print(' seg # = ' + this.segmentIndex);
          out.println(' dist = ' + this.dist);
        };
        EdgeIntersection.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (obj) {
          var other = obj;
          return this.compare(other.segmentIndex, other.dist)
        };
        EdgeIntersection.prototype.isEndPoint = function isEndPoint (maxSegmentIndex) {
          if (this.segmentIndex === 0 && this.dist === 0.0) { return true }
          if (this.segmentIndex === maxSegmentIndex) { return true }
          return false
        };
        EdgeIntersection.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return this.coord + ' seg # = ' + this.segmentIndex + ' dist = ' + this.dist
        };
        EdgeIntersection.prototype.getDistance = function getDistance () {
          return this.dist
        };
        EdgeIntersection.prototype.compare = function compare (segmentIndex, dist) {
          if (this.segmentIndex < segmentIndex) { return -1 }
          if (this.segmentIndex > segmentIndex) { return 1 }
          if (this.dist < dist) { return -1 }
          if (this.dist > dist) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };
        EdgeIntersection.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable]
        };
        EdgeIntersection.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return EdgeIntersection
        };

        var EdgeIntersectionList = function EdgeIntersectionList () {
          this._nodeMap = new TreeMap();
          this.edge = null;
          var edge = arguments[0];
          this.edge = edge;
        };
        EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.print = function print (out) {
          out.println('Intersections:');
          for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var ei = it.next();
            ei.print(out);
          }
        };
        EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.iterator = function iterator () {
          return this._nodeMap.values().iterator()
        };
        EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.addSplitEdges = function addSplitEdges (edgeList) {
            var this$1 = this;

          this.addEndpoints();
          var it = this.iterator();
          var eiPrev = it.next();
          while (it.hasNext()) {
            var ei = it.next();
            var newEdge = this$1.createSplitEdge(eiPrev, ei);
            edgeList.add(newEdge);
            eiPrev = ei;
          }
        };
        EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.addEndpoints = function addEndpoints () {
          var maxSegIndex = this.edge.pts.length - 1;
          this.add(this.edge.pts[0], 0, 0.0);
          this.add(this.edge.pts[maxSegIndex], maxSegIndex, 0.0);
        };
        EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.createSplitEdge = function createSplitEdge (ei0, ei1) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var npts = ei1.segmentIndex - ei0.segmentIndex + 2;
          var lastSegStartPt = this.edge.pts[ei1.segmentIndex];
          var useIntPt1 = ei1.dist > 0.0 || !ei1.coord.equals2D(lastSegStartPt);
          if (!useIntPt1) {
            npts--;
          }
          var pts = new Array(npts).fill(null);
          var ipt = 0;
          pts[ipt++] = new Coordinate(ei0.coord);
          for (var i = ei0.segmentIndex + 1; i <= ei1.segmentIndex; i++) {
            pts[ipt++] = this$1.edge.pts[i];
          }
          if (useIntPt1) { pts[ipt] = ei1.coord; }
          return new Edge(pts, new Label(this.edge._label))
        };
        EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.add = function add (intPt, segmentIndex, dist) {
          var eiNew = new EdgeIntersection(intPt, segmentIndex, dist);
          var ei = this._nodeMap.get(eiNew);
          if (ei !== null) {
            return ei
          }
          this._nodeMap.put(eiNew, eiNew);
          return eiNew
        };
        EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.isIntersection = function isIntersection (pt) {
          for (var it = this.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var ei = it.next();
            if (ei.coord.equals(pt)) { return true }
          }
          return false
        };
        EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        EdgeIntersectionList.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return EdgeIntersectionList
        };

        var MonotoneChainIndexer = function MonotoneChainIndexer () {};

        MonotoneChainIndexer.prototype.getChainStartIndices = function getChainStartIndices (pts) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var start = 0;
          var startIndexList = new ArrayList();
          startIndexList.add(new Integer(start));
          do {
            var last = this$1.findChainEnd(pts, start);
            startIndexList.add(new Integer(last));
            start = last;
          } while (start < pts.length - 1)
          var startIndex = MonotoneChainIndexer.toIntArray(startIndexList);
          return startIndex
        };
        MonotoneChainIndexer.prototype.findChainEnd = function findChainEnd (pts, start) {
          var chainQuad = Quadrant.quadrant(pts[start], pts[start + 1]);
          var last = start + 1;
          while (last < pts.length) {
            var quad = Quadrant.quadrant(pts[last - 1], pts[last]);
            if (quad !== chainQuad) { break }
            last++;
          }
          return last - 1
        };
        MonotoneChainIndexer.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        MonotoneChainIndexer.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MonotoneChainIndexer
        };
        MonotoneChainIndexer.toIntArray = function toIntArray (list) {
          var array = new Array(list.size()).fill(null);
          for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = list.get(i).intValue();
          }
          return array
        };

        var MonotoneChainEdge = function MonotoneChainEdge () {
          this.e = null;
          this.pts = null;
          this.startIndex = null;
          this.env1 = new Envelope();
          this.env2 = new Envelope();
          var e = arguments[0];
          this.e = e;
          this.pts = e.getCoordinates();
          var mcb = new MonotoneChainIndexer();
          this.startIndex = mcb.getChainStartIndices(this.pts);
        };
        MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
          return this.pts
        };
        MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.getMaxX = function getMaxX (chainIndex) {
          var x1 = this.pts[this.startIndex[chainIndex]].x;
          var x2 = this.pts[this.startIndex[chainIndex + 1]].x;
          return x1 > x2 ? x1 : x2
        };
        MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.getMinX = function getMinX (chainIndex) {
          var x1 = this.pts[this.startIndex[chainIndex]].x;
          var x2 = this.pts[this.startIndex[chainIndex + 1]].x;
          return x1 < x2 ? x1 : x2
        };
        MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.computeIntersectsForChain = function computeIntersectsForChain () {
          if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var chainIndex0 = arguments[0];
            var mce = arguments[1];
            var chainIndex1 = arguments[2];
            var si = arguments[3];
            this.computeIntersectsForChain(this.startIndex[chainIndex0], this.startIndex[chainIndex0 + 1], mce, mce.startIndex[chainIndex1], mce.startIndex[chainIndex1 + 1], si);
          } else if (arguments.length === 6) {
            var start0 = arguments[0];
            var end0 = arguments[1];
            var mce$1 = arguments[2];
            var start1 = arguments[3];
            var end1 = arguments[4];
            var ei = arguments[5];
            var p00 = this.pts[start0];
            var p01 = this.pts[end0];
            var p10 = mce$1.pts[start1];
            var p11 = mce$1.pts[end1];
            if (end0 - start0 === 1 && end1 - start1 === 1) {
              ei.addIntersections(this.e, start0, mce$1.e, start1);
              return null
            }
            this.env1.init(p00, p01);
            this.env2.init(p10, p11);
            if (!this.env1.intersects(this.env2)) { return null }
            var mid0 = Math.trunc((start0 + end0) / 2);
            var mid1 = Math.trunc((start1 + end1) / 2);
            if (start0 < mid0) {
              if (start1 < mid1) { this.computeIntersectsForChain(start0, mid0, mce$1, start1, mid1, ei); }
              if (mid1 < end1) { this.computeIntersectsForChain(start0, mid0, mce$1, mid1, end1, ei); }
            }
            if (mid0 < end0) {
              if (start1 < mid1) { this.computeIntersectsForChain(mid0, end0, mce$1, start1, mid1, ei); }
              if (mid1 < end1) { this.computeIntersectsForChain(mid0, end0, mce$1, mid1, end1, ei); }
            }
          }
        };
        MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.getStartIndexes = function getStartIndexes () {
          return this.startIndex
        };
        MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.computeIntersects = function computeIntersects (mce, si) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this.startIndex.length - 1; i++) {
            for (var j = 0; j < mce.startIndex.length - 1; j++) {
              this$1.computeIntersectsForChain(i, mce, j, si);
            }
          }
        };
        MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        MonotoneChainEdge.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MonotoneChainEdge
        };

        var Depth = function Depth () {
          var this$1 = this;

          this._depth = Array(2).fill().map(function () { return Array(3); });
          for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            for (var j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
              this$1._depth[i][j] = Depth.NULL_VALUE;
            }
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$31 = { NULL_VALUE: { configurable: true } };
        Depth.prototype.getDepth = function getDepth (geomIndex, posIndex) {
          return this._depth[geomIndex][posIndex]
        };
        Depth.prototype.setDepth = function setDepth (geomIndex, posIndex, depthValue) {
          this._depth[geomIndex][posIndex] = depthValue;
        };
        Depth.prototype.isNull = function isNull () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
              for (var j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
                if (this$1._depth[i][j] !== Depth.NULL_VALUE) { return false }
              }
            }
            return true
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geomIndex = arguments[0];
            return this._depth[geomIndex][1] === Depth.NULL_VALUE
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var geomIndex$1 = arguments[0];
            var posIndex = arguments[1];
            return this._depth[geomIndex$1][posIndex] === Depth.NULL_VALUE
          }
        };
        Depth.prototype.normalize = function normalize () {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            if (!this$1.isNull(i)) {
              var minDepth = this$1._depth[i][1];
              if (this$1._depth[i][2] < minDepth) { minDepth = this$1._depth[i][2]; }
              if (minDepth < 0) { minDepth = 0; }
              for (var j = 1; j < 3; j++) {
                var newValue = 0;
                if (this$1._depth[i][j] > minDepth) { newValue = 1; }
                this$1._depth[i][j] = newValue;
              }
            }
          }
        };
        Depth.prototype.getDelta = function getDelta (geomIndex) {
          return this._depth[geomIndex][Position.RIGHT] - this._depth[geomIndex][Position.LEFT]
        };
        Depth.prototype.getLocation = function getLocation (geomIndex, posIndex) {
          if (this._depth[geomIndex][posIndex] <= 0) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
          return Location.INTERIOR
        };
        Depth.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return 'A: ' + this._depth[0][1] + ',' + this._depth[0][2] + ' B: ' + this._depth[1][1] + ',' + this._depth[1][2]
        };
        Depth.prototype.add = function add () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var lbl = arguments[0];
            for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
              for (var j = 1; j < 3; j++) {
                var loc = lbl.getLocation(i, j);
                if (loc === Location.EXTERIOR || loc === Location.INTERIOR) {
                  if (this$1.isNull(i, j)) {
                    this$1._depth[i][j] = Depth.depthAtLocation(loc);
                  } else { this$1._depth[i][j] += Depth.depthAtLocation(loc); }
                }
              }
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var geomIndex = arguments[0];
            var posIndex = arguments[1];
            var location = arguments[2];
            if (location === Location.INTERIOR) { this._depth[geomIndex][posIndex]++; }
          }
        };
        Depth.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        Depth.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Depth
        };
        Depth.depthAtLocation = function depthAtLocation (location) {
          if (location === Location.EXTERIOR) { return 0 }
          if (location === Location.INTERIOR) { return 1 }
          return Depth.NULL_VALUE
        };
        staticAccessors$31.NULL_VALUE.get = function () { return -1 };

        Object.defineProperties( Depth, staticAccessors$31 );

        var Edge = (function (GraphComponent$$1) {
          function Edge () {
            GraphComponent$$1.call(this);
            this.pts = null;
            this._env = null;
            this.eiList = new EdgeIntersectionList(this);
            this._name = null;
            this._mce = null;
            this._isIsolated = true;
            this._depth = new Depth();
            this._depthDelta = 0;
            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var pts = arguments[0];
              Edge.call(this, pts, null);
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var pts$1 = arguments[0];
              var label = arguments[1];
              this.pts = pts$1;
              this._label = label;
            }
          }

          if ( GraphComponent$$1 ) { Edge.__proto__ = GraphComponent$$1; }
          Edge.prototype = Object.create( GraphComponent$$1 && GraphComponent$$1.prototype );
          Edge.prototype.constructor = Edge;
          Edge.prototype.getDepth = function getDepth () {
            return this._depth
          };
          Edge.prototype.getCollapsedEdge = function getCollapsedEdge () {
            var newPts = new Array(2).fill(null);
            newPts[0] = this.pts[0];
            newPts[1] = this.pts[1];
            var newe = new Edge(newPts, Label.toLineLabel(this._label));
            return newe
          };
          Edge.prototype.isIsolated = function isIsolated () {
            return this._isIsolated
          };
          Edge.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
            return this.pts
          };
          Edge.prototype.setIsolated = function setIsolated (isIsolated) {
            this._isIsolated = isIsolated;
          };
          Edge.prototype.setName = function setName (name) {
            this._name = name;
          };
          Edge.prototype.equals = function equals (o) {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (!(o instanceof Edge)) { return false }
            var e = o;
            if (this.pts.length !== e.pts.length) { return false }
            var isEqualForward = true;
            var isEqualReverse = true;
            var iRev = this.pts.length;
            for (var i = 0; i < this.pts.length; i++) {
              if (!this$1.pts[i].equals2D(e.pts[i])) {
                isEqualForward = false;
              }
              if (!this$1.pts[i].equals2D(e.pts[--iRev])) {
                isEqualReverse = false;
              }
              if (!isEqualForward && !isEqualReverse) { return false }
            }
            return true
          };
          Edge.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
            if (arguments.length === 0) {
              if (this.pts.length > 0) { return this.pts[0] }
              return null
            } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var i = arguments[0];
              return this.pts[i]
            }
          };
          Edge.prototype.print = function print (out) {
            var this$1 = this;

            out.print('edge ' + this._name + ': ');
            out.print('LINESTRING (');
            for (var i = 0; i < this.pts.length; i++) {
              if (i > 0) { out.print(','); }
              out.print(this$1.pts[i].x + ' ' + this$1.pts[i].y);
            }
            out.print(')  ' + this._label + ' ' + this._depthDelta);
          };
          Edge.prototype.computeIM = function computeIM (im) {
            Edge.updateIM(this._label, im);
          };
          Edge.prototype.isCollapsed = function isCollapsed () {
            if (!this._label.isArea()) { return false }
            if (this.pts.length !== 3) { return false }
            if (this.pts[0].equals(this.pts[2])) { return true }
            return false
          };
          Edge.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
            return this.pts[0].equals(this.pts[this.pts.length - 1])
          };
          Edge.prototype.getMaximumSegmentIndex = function getMaximumSegmentIndex () {
            return this.pts.length - 1
          };
          Edge.prototype.getDepthDelta = function getDepthDelta () {
            return this._depthDelta
          };
          Edge.prototype.getNumPoints = function getNumPoints () {
            return this.pts.length
          };
          Edge.prototype.printReverse = function printReverse (out) {
            var this$1 = this;

            out.print('edge ' + this._name + ': ');
            for (var i = this.pts.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
              out.print(this$1.pts[i] + ' ');
            }
            out.println('');
          };
          Edge.prototype.getMonotoneChainEdge = function getMonotoneChainEdge () {
            if (this._mce === null) { this._mce = new MonotoneChainEdge(this); }
            return this._mce
          };
          Edge.prototype.getEnvelope = function getEnvelope () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (this._env === null) {
              this._env = new Envelope();
              for (var i = 0; i < this.pts.length; i++) {
                this$1._env.expandToInclude(this$1.pts[i]);
              }
            }
            return this._env
          };
          Edge.prototype.addIntersection = function addIntersection (li, segmentIndex, geomIndex, intIndex) {
            var intPt = new Coordinate(li.getIntersection(intIndex));
            var normalizedSegmentIndex = segmentIndex;
            var dist = li.getEdgeDistance(geomIndex, intIndex);
            var nextSegIndex = normalizedSegmentIndex + 1;
            if (nextSegIndex < this.pts.length) {
              var nextPt = this.pts[nextSegIndex];
              if (intPt.equals2D(nextPt)) {
                normalizedSegmentIndex = nextSegIndex;
                dist = 0.0;
              }
            }
            this.eiList.add(intPt, normalizedSegmentIndex, dist);
          };
          Edge.prototype.toString = function toString () {
            var this$1 = this;

            var buf = new StringBuffer();
            buf.append('edge ' + this._name + ': ');
            buf.append('LINESTRING (');
            for (var i = 0; i < this.pts.length; i++) {
              if (i > 0) { buf.append(','); }
              buf.append(this$1.pts[i].x + ' ' + this$1.pts[i].y);
            }
            buf.append(')  ' + this._label + ' ' + this._depthDelta);
            return buf.toString()
          };
          Edge.prototype.isPointwiseEqual = function isPointwiseEqual (e) {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (this.pts.length !== e.pts.length) { return false }
            for (var i = 0; i < this.pts.length; i++) {
              if (!this$1.pts[i].equals2D(e.pts[i])) {
                return false
              }
            }
            return true
          };
          Edge.prototype.setDepthDelta = function setDepthDelta (depthDelta) {
            this._depthDelta = depthDelta;
          };
          Edge.prototype.getEdgeIntersectionList = function getEdgeIntersectionList () {
            return this.eiList
          };
          Edge.prototype.addIntersections = function addIntersections (li, segmentIndex, geomIndex) {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = 0; i < li.getIntersectionNum(); i++) {
              this$1.addIntersection(li, segmentIndex, geomIndex, i);
            }
          };
          Edge.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          Edge.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return Edge
          };
          Edge.updateIM = function updateIM () {
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var label = arguments[0];
              var im = arguments[1];
              im.setAtLeastIfValid(label.getLocation(0, Position.ON), label.getLocation(1, Position.ON), 1);
              if (label.isArea()) {
                im.setAtLeastIfValid(label.getLocation(0, Position.LEFT), label.getLocation(1, Position.LEFT), 2);
                im.setAtLeastIfValid(label.getLocation(0, Position.RIGHT), label.getLocation(1, Position.RIGHT), 2);
              }
            } else { return GraphComponent$$1.prototype.updateIM.apply(this, arguments) }
          };

          return Edge;
        }(GraphComponent));

        var BufferBuilder = function BufferBuilder (bufParams) {
          this._workingPrecisionModel = null;
          this._workingNoder = null;
          this._geomFact = null;
          this._graph = null;
          this._edgeList = new EdgeList();
          this._bufParams = bufParams || null;
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.setWorkingPrecisionModel = function setWorkingPrecisionModel (pm) {
          this._workingPrecisionModel = pm;
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.insertUniqueEdge = function insertUniqueEdge (e) {
          var existingEdge = this._edgeList.findEqualEdge(e);
          if (existingEdge !== null) {
            var existingLabel = existingEdge.getLabel();
            var labelToMerge = e.getLabel();
            if (!existingEdge.isPointwiseEqual(e)) {
              labelToMerge = new Label(e.getLabel());
              labelToMerge.flip();
            }
            existingLabel.merge(labelToMerge);
            var mergeDelta = BufferBuilder.depthDelta(labelToMerge);
            var existingDelta = existingEdge.getDepthDelta();
            var newDelta = existingDelta + mergeDelta;
            existingEdge.setDepthDelta(newDelta);
          } else {
            this._edgeList.add(e);
            e.setDepthDelta(BufferBuilder.depthDelta(e.getLabel()));
          }
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.buildSubgraphs = function buildSubgraphs (subgraphList, polyBuilder) {
          var processedGraphs = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = subgraphList.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var subgraph = i.next();
            var p = subgraph.getRightmostCoordinate();
            var locater = new SubgraphDepthLocater(processedGraphs);
            var outsideDepth = locater.getDepth(p);
            subgraph.computeDepth(outsideDepth);
            subgraph.findResultEdges();
            processedGraphs.add(subgraph);
            polyBuilder.add(subgraph.getDirectedEdges(), subgraph.getNodes());
          }
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.createSubgraphs = function createSubgraphs (graph) {
          var subgraphList = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = graph.getNodes().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var node = i.next();
            if (!node.isVisited()) {
              var subgraph = new BufferSubgraph();
              subgraph.create(node);
              subgraphList.add(subgraph);
            }
          }
          Collections.sort(subgraphList, Collections.reverseOrder());
          return subgraphList
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.createEmptyResultGeometry = function createEmptyResultGeometry () {
          var emptyGeom = this._geomFact.createPolygon();
          return emptyGeom
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.getNoder = function getNoder (precisionModel) {
          if (this._workingNoder !== null) { return this._workingNoder }
          var noder = new MCIndexNoder();
          var li = new RobustLineIntersector();
          li.setPrecisionModel(precisionModel);
          noder.setSegmentIntersector(new IntersectionAdder(li));
          return noder
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.buffer = function buffer (g, distance) {
          var precisionModel = this._workingPrecisionModel;
          if (precisionModel === null) { precisionModel = g.getPrecisionModel(); }
          this._geomFact = g.getFactory();
          var curveBuilder = new OffsetCurveBuilder(precisionModel, this._bufParams);
          var curveSetBuilder = new OffsetCurveSetBuilder(g, distance, curveBuilder);
          var bufferSegStrList = curveSetBuilder.getCurves();
          if (bufferSegStrList.size() <= 0) {
            return this.createEmptyResultGeometry()
          }
          this.computeNodedEdges(bufferSegStrList, precisionModel);
          this._graph = new PlanarGraph(new OverlayNodeFactory());
          this._graph.addEdges(this._edgeList.getEdges());
          var subgraphList = this.createSubgraphs(this._graph);
          var polyBuilder = new PolygonBuilder(this._geomFact);
          this.buildSubgraphs(subgraphList, polyBuilder);
          var resultPolyList = polyBuilder.getPolygons();
          if (resultPolyList.size() <= 0) {
            return this.createEmptyResultGeometry()
          }
          var resultGeom = this._geomFact.buildGeometry(resultPolyList);
          return resultGeom
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.computeNodedEdges = function computeNodedEdges (bufferSegStrList, precisionModel) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var noder = this.getNoder(precisionModel);
          noder.computeNodes(bufferSegStrList);
          var nodedSegStrings = noder.getNodedSubstrings();
          for (var i = nodedSegStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var segStr = i.next();
            var pts = segStr.getCoordinates();
            if (pts.length === 2 && pts[0].equals2D(pts[1])) { continue }
            var oldLabel = segStr.getData();
            var edge = new Edge(segStr.getCoordinates(), new Label(oldLabel));
            this$1.insertUniqueEdge(edge);
          }
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.setNoder = function setNoder (noder) {
          this._workingNoder = noder;
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        BufferBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BufferBuilder
        };
        BufferBuilder.depthDelta = function depthDelta (label) {
          var lLoc = label.getLocation(0, Position.LEFT);
          var rLoc = label.getLocation(0, Position.RIGHT);
          if (lLoc === Location.INTERIOR && rLoc === Location.EXTERIOR) { return 1; } else if (lLoc === Location.EXTERIOR && rLoc === Location.INTERIOR) { return -1 }
          return 0
        };
        BufferBuilder.convertSegStrings = function convertSegStrings (it) {
          var fact = new GeometryFactory();
          var lines = new ArrayList();
          while (it.hasNext()) {
            var ss = it.next();
            var line = fact.createLineString(ss.getCoordinates());
            lines.add(line);
          }
          return fact.buildGeometry(lines)
        };

        var ScaledNoder = function ScaledNoder () {
          this._noder = null;
          this._scaleFactor = null;
          this._offsetX = null;
          this._offsetY = null;
          this._isScaled = false;
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var noder = arguments[0];
            var scaleFactor = arguments[1];
            this._noder = noder;
            this._scaleFactor = scaleFactor;
            this._offsetX = 0.0;
            this._offsetY = 0.0;
            this._isScaled = !this.isIntegerPrecision();
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var noder$1 = arguments[0];
            var scaleFactor$1 = arguments[1];
            var offsetX = arguments[2];
            var offsetY = arguments[3];
            this._noder = noder$1;
            this._scaleFactor = scaleFactor$1;
            this._offsetX = offsetX;
            this._offsetY = offsetY;
            this._isScaled = !this.isIntegerPrecision();
          }
        };
        ScaledNoder.prototype.rescale = function rescale () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection)) {
            var segStrings = arguments[0];
            for (var i = segStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var ss = i.next();
              this$1.rescale(ss.getCoordinates());
            }
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
            var pts = arguments[0];
            // let p0 = null
            // let p1 = null
            // if (pts.length === 2) {
            // p0 = new Coordinate(pts[0])
            // p1 = new Coordinate(pts[1])
            // }
            for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < pts.length; i$1++) {
              pts[i$1].x = pts[i$1].x / this$1._scaleFactor + this$1._offsetX;
              pts[i$1].y = pts[i$1].y / this$1._scaleFactor + this$1._offsetY;
            }
            if (pts.length === 2 && pts[0].equals2D(pts[1])) {
              System.out.println(pts);
            }
          }
        };
        ScaledNoder.prototype.scale = function scale () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection)) {
            var segStrings = arguments[0];
            var nodedSegmentStrings = new ArrayList();
            for (var i = segStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var ss = i.next();
              nodedSegmentStrings.add(new NodedSegmentString(this$1.scale(ss.getCoordinates()), ss.getData()));
            }
            return nodedSegmentStrings
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Array) {
            var pts = arguments[0];
            var roundPts = new Array(pts.length).fill(null);
            for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < pts.length; i$1++) {
              roundPts[i$1] = new Coordinate(Math.round((pts[i$1].x - this$1._offsetX) * this$1._scaleFactor), Math.round((pts[i$1].y - this$1._offsetY) * this$1._scaleFactor), pts[i$1].z);
            }
            var roundPtsNoDup = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(roundPts);
            return roundPtsNoDup
          }
        };
        ScaledNoder.prototype.isIntegerPrecision = function isIntegerPrecision () {
          return this._scaleFactor === 1.0
        };
        ScaledNoder.prototype.getNodedSubstrings = function getNodedSubstrings () {
          var splitSS = this._noder.getNodedSubstrings();
          if (this._isScaled) { this.rescale(splitSS); }
          return splitSS
        };
        ScaledNoder.prototype.computeNodes = function computeNodes (inputSegStrings) {
          var intSegStrings = inputSegStrings;
          if (this._isScaled) { intSegStrings = this.scale(inputSegStrings); }
          this._noder.computeNodes(intSegStrings);
        };
        ScaledNoder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Noder]
        };
        ScaledNoder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return ScaledNoder
        };

        var NodingValidator = function NodingValidator () {
          this._li = new RobustLineIntersector();
          this._segStrings = null;
          var segStrings = arguments[0];
          this._segStrings = segStrings;
        };

        var staticAccessors$33 = { fact: { configurable: true } };
        NodingValidator.prototype.checkEndPtVertexIntersections = function checkEndPtVertexIntersections () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            for (var i = this._segStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var ss = i.next();
              var pts = ss.getCoordinates();
              this$1.checkEndPtVertexIntersections(pts[0], this$1._segStrings);
              this$1.checkEndPtVertexIntersections(pts[pts.length - 1], this$1._segStrings);
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var testPt = arguments[0];
            var segStrings = arguments[1];
            for (var i$1 = segStrings.iterator(); i$1.hasNext();) {
              var ss$1 = i$1.next();
              var pts$1 = ss$1.getCoordinates();
              for (var j = 1; j < pts$1.length - 1; j++) {
                if (pts$1[j].equals(testPt)) { throw new RuntimeException('found endpt/interior pt intersection at index ' + j + ' :pt ' + testPt) }
              }
            }
          }
        };
        NodingValidator.prototype.checkInteriorIntersections = function checkInteriorIntersections () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            for (var i = this._segStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var ss0 = i.next();
              for (var j = this._segStrings.iterator(); j.hasNext();) {
                var ss1 = j.next();
                this$1.checkInteriorIntersections(ss0, ss1);
              }
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var ss0$1 = arguments[0];
            var ss1$1 = arguments[1];
            var pts0 = ss0$1.getCoordinates();
            var pts1 = ss1$1.getCoordinates();
            for (var i0 = 0; i0 < pts0.length - 1; i0++) {
              for (var i1 = 0; i1 < pts1.length - 1; i1++) {
                this$1.checkInteriorIntersections(ss0$1, i0, ss1$1, i1);
              }
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var e0 = arguments[0];
            var segIndex0 = arguments[1];
            var e1 = arguments[2];
            var segIndex1 = arguments[3];
            if (e0 === e1 && segIndex0 === segIndex1) { return null }
            var p00 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0];
            var p01 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0 + 1];
            var p10 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1];
            var p11 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1 + 1];
            this._li.computeIntersection(p00, p01, p10, p11);
            if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
              if (this._li.isProper() || this.hasInteriorIntersection(this._li, p00, p01) || this.hasInteriorIntersection(this._li, p10, p11)) {
                throw new RuntimeException('found non-noded intersection at ' + p00 + '-' + p01 + ' and ' + p10 + '-' + p11)
              }
            }
          }
        };
        NodingValidator.prototype.checkValid = function checkValid () {
          this.checkEndPtVertexIntersections();
          this.checkInteriorIntersections();
          this.checkCollapses();
        };
        NodingValidator.prototype.checkCollapses = function checkCollapses () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            for (var i = this._segStrings.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var ss = i.next();
              this$1.checkCollapses(ss);
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var ss$1 = arguments[0];
            var pts = ss$1.getCoordinates();
            for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < pts.length - 2; i$1++) {
              this$1.checkCollapse(pts[i$1], pts[i$1 + 1], pts[i$1 + 2]);
            }
          }
        };
        NodingValidator.prototype.hasInteriorIntersection = function hasInteriorIntersection (li, p0, p1) {
          for (var i = 0; i < li.getIntersectionNum(); i++) {
            var intPt = li.getIntersection(i);
            if (!(intPt.equals(p0) || intPt.equals(p1))) { return true }
          }
          return false
        };
        NodingValidator.prototype.checkCollapse = function checkCollapse (p0, p1, p2) {
          if (p0.equals(p2)) { throw new RuntimeException('found non-noded collapse at ' + NodingValidator.fact.createLineString([p0, p1, p2])) }
        };
        NodingValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        NodingValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return NodingValidator
        };
        staticAccessors$33.fact.get = function () { return new GeometryFactory() };

        Object.defineProperties( NodingValidator, staticAccessors$33 );

        var HotPixel = function HotPixel () {
          this._li = null;
          this._pt = null;
          this._originalPt = null;
          this._ptScaled = null;
          this._p0Scaled = null;
          this._p1Scaled = null;
          this._scaleFactor = null;
          this._minx = null;
          this._maxx = null;
          this._miny = null;
          this._maxy = null;
          this._corner = new Array(4).fill(null);
          this._safeEnv = null;
          var pt = arguments[0];
          var scaleFactor = arguments[1];
          var li = arguments[2];
          this._originalPt = pt;
          this._pt = pt;
          this._scaleFactor = scaleFactor;
          this._li = li;
          if (scaleFactor <= 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Scale factor must be non-zero') }
          if (scaleFactor !== 1.0) {
            this._pt = new Coordinate(this.scale(pt.x), this.scale(pt.y));
            this._p0Scaled = new Coordinate();
            this._p1Scaled = new Coordinate();
          }
          this.initCorners(this._pt);
        };

        var staticAccessors$34 = { SAFE_ENV_EXPANSION_FACTOR: { configurable: true } };
        HotPixel.prototype.intersectsScaled = function intersectsScaled (p0, p1) {
          var segMinx = Math.min(p0.x, p1.x);
          var segMaxx = Math.max(p0.x, p1.x);
          var segMiny = Math.min(p0.y, p1.y);
          var segMaxy = Math.max(p0.y, p1.y);
          var isOutsidePixelEnv = this._maxx < segMinx || this._minx > segMaxx || this._maxy < segMiny || this._miny > segMaxy;
          if (isOutsidePixelEnv) { return false }
          var intersects = this.intersectsToleranceSquare(p0, p1);
          Assert.isTrue(!(isOutsidePixelEnv && intersects), 'Found bad envelope test');
          return intersects
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.initCorners = function initCorners (pt) {
          var tolerance = 0.5;
          this._minx = pt.x - tolerance;
          this._maxx = pt.x + tolerance;
          this._miny = pt.y - tolerance;
          this._maxy = pt.y + tolerance;
          this._corner[0] = new Coordinate(this._maxx, this._maxy);
          this._corner[1] = new Coordinate(this._minx, this._maxy);
          this._corner[2] = new Coordinate(this._minx, this._miny);
          this._corner[3] = new Coordinate(this._maxx, this._miny);
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.intersects = function intersects (p0, p1) {
          if (this._scaleFactor === 1.0) { return this.intersectsScaled(p0, p1) }
          this.copyScaled(p0, this._p0Scaled);
          this.copyScaled(p1, this._p1Scaled);
          return this.intersectsScaled(this._p0Scaled, this._p1Scaled)
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.scale = function scale (val) {
          return Math.round(val * this._scaleFactor)
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
          return this._originalPt
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.copyScaled = function copyScaled (p, pScaled) {
          pScaled.x = this.scale(p.x);
          pScaled.y = this.scale(p.y);
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.getSafeEnvelope = function getSafeEnvelope () {
          if (this._safeEnv === null) {
            var safeTolerance = HotPixel.SAFE_ENV_EXPANSION_FACTOR / this._scaleFactor;
            this._safeEnv = new Envelope(this._originalPt.x - safeTolerance, this._originalPt.x + safeTolerance, this._originalPt.y - safeTolerance, this._originalPt.y + safeTolerance);
          }
          return this._safeEnv
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.intersectsPixelClosure = function intersectsPixelClosure (p0, p1) {
          this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[0], this._corner[1]);
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { return true }
          this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[1], this._corner[2]);
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { return true }
          this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[2], this._corner[3]);
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { return true }
          this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[3], this._corner[0]);
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { return true }
          return false
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.intersectsToleranceSquare = function intersectsToleranceSquare (p0, p1) {
          var intersectsLeft = false;
          var intersectsBottom = false;
          this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[0], this._corner[1]);
          if (this._li.isProper()) { return true }
          this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[1], this._corner[2]);
          if (this._li.isProper()) { return true }
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { intersectsLeft = true; }
          this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[2], this._corner[3]);
          if (this._li.isProper()) { return true }
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) { intersectsBottom = true; }
          this._li.computeIntersection(p0, p1, this._corner[3], this._corner[0]);
          if (this._li.isProper()) { return true }
          if (intersectsLeft && intersectsBottom) { return true }
          if (p0.equals(this._pt)) { return true }
          if (p1.equals(this._pt)) { return true }
          return false
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.addSnappedNode = function addSnappedNode (segStr, segIndex) {
          var p0 = segStr.getCoordinate(segIndex);
          var p1 = segStr.getCoordinate(segIndex + 1);
          if (this.intersects(p0, p1)) {
            segStr.addIntersection(this.getCoordinate(), segIndex);
            return true
          }
          return false
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        HotPixel.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return HotPixel
        };
        staticAccessors$34.SAFE_ENV_EXPANSION_FACTOR.get = function () { return 0.75 };

        Object.defineProperties( HotPixel, staticAccessors$34 );

        var MonotoneChainSelectAction = function MonotoneChainSelectAction () {
          this.tempEnv1 = new Envelope();
          this.selectedSegment = new LineSegment();
        };
        MonotoneChainSelectAction.prototype.select = function select () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) ; else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var mc = arguments[0];
            var startIndex = arguments[1];
            mc.getLineSegment(startIndex, this.selectedSegment);
            this.select(this.selectedSegment);
          }
        };
        MonotoneChainSelectAction.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        MonotoneChainSelectAction.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MonotoneChainSelectAction
        };

        var MCIndexPointSnapper = function MCIndexPointSnapper () {
          this._index = null;
          var index = arguments[0];
          this._index = index;
        };

        var staticAccessors$35 = { HotPixelSnapAction: { configurable: true } };
        MCIndexPointSnapper.prototype.snap = function snap () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var hotPixel = arguments[0];
            return this.snap(hotPixel, null, -1)
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var hotPixel$1 = arguments[0];
            var parentEdge = arguments[1];
            var hotPixelVertexIndex = arguments[2];
            var pixelEnv = hotPixel$1.getSafeEnvelope();
            var hotPixelSnapAction = new HotPixelSnapAction(hotPixel$1, parentEdge, hotPixelVertexIndex);
            this._index.query(pixelEnv, {
              interfaces_: function () {
                return [ItemVisitor]
              },
              visitItem: function (item) {
                var testChain = item;
                testChain.select(pixelEnv, hotPixelSnapAction);
              }
            });
            return hotPixelSnapAction.isNodeAdded()
          }
        };
        MCIndexPointSnapper.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        MCIndexPointSnapper.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MCIndexPointSnapper
        };
        staticAccessors$35.HotPixelSnapAction.get = function () { return HotPixelSnapAction };

        Object.defineProperties( MCIndexPointSnapper, staticAccessors$35 );

        var HotPixelSnapAction = (function (MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1) {
          function HotPixelSnapAction () {
            MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1.call(this);
            this._hotPixel = null;
            this._parentEdge = null;
            this._hotPixelVertexIndex = null;
            this._isNodeAdded = false;
            var hotPixel = arguments[0];
            var parentEdge = arguments[1];
            var hotPixelVertexIndex = arguments[2];
            this._hotPixel = hotPixel;
            this._parentEdge = parentEdge;
            this._hotPixelVertexIndex = hotPixelVertexIndex;
          }

          if ( MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1 ) { HotPixelSnapAction.__proto__ = MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1; }
          HotPixelSnapAction.prototype = Object.create( MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1 && MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1.prototype );
          HotPixelSnapAction.prototype.constructor = HotPixelSnapAction;
          HotPixelSnapAction.prototype.isNodeAdded = function isNodeAdded () {
            return this._isNodeAdded
          };
          HotPixelSnapAction.prototype.select = function select () {
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var mc = arguments[0];
              var startIndex = arguments[1];
              var ss = mc.getContext();
              if (this._parentEdge !== null) {
                if (ss === this._parentEdge && startIndex === this._hotPixelVertexIndex) { return null }
              }
              this._isNodeAdded = this._hotPixel.addSnappedNode(ss, startIndex);
            } else { return MonotoneChainSelectAction$$1.prototype.select.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          HotPixelSnapAction.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          HotPixelSnapAction.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return HotPixelSnapAction
          };

          return HotPixelSnapAction;
        }(MonotoneChainSelectAction));

        var InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder = function InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder () {
          this._li = null;
          this._interiorIntersections = null;
          var li = arguments[0];
          this._li = li;
          this._interiorIntersections = new ArrayList();
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder.prototype.processIntersections = function processIntersections (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (e0 === e1 && segIndex0 === segIndex1) { return null }
          var p00 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0];
          var p01 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0 + 1];
          var p10 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1];
          var p11 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1 + 1];
          this._li.computeIntersection(p00, p01, p10, p11);
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
            if (this._li.isInteriorIntersection()) {
              for (var intIndex = 0; intIndex < this._li.getIntersectionNum(); intIndex++) {
                this$1._interiorIntersections.add(this$1._li.getIntersection(intIndex));
              }
              e0.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex0, 0);
              e1.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex1, 1);
            }
          }
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
          return false
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder.prototype.getInteriorIntersections = function getInteriorIntersections () {
          return this._interiorIntersections
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [SegmentIntersector]
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder
        };

        var MCIndexSnapRounder = function MCIndexSnapRounder () {
          this._pm = null;
          this._li = null;
          this._scaleFactor = null;
          this._noder = null;
          this._pointSnapper = null;
          this._nodedSegStrings = null;
          var pm = arguments[0];
          this._pm = pm;
          this._li = new RobustLineIntersector();
          this._li.setPrecisionModel(pm);
          this._scaleFactor = pm.getScale();
        };
        MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.checkCorrectness = function checkCorrectness (inputSegmentStrings) {
          var resultSegStrings = NodedSegmentString.getNodedSubstrings(inputSegmentStrings);
          var nv = new NodingValidator(resultSegStrings);
          try {
            nv.checkValid();
          } catch (ex) {
            if (ex instanceof Exception) {
              ex.printStackTrace();
            } else { throw ex }
          } finally {}
        };
        MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.getNodedSubstrings = function getNodedSubstrings () {
          return NodedSegmentString.getNodedSubstrings(this._nodedSegStrings)
        };
        MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.snapRound = function snapRound (segStrings, li) {
          var intersections = this.findInteriorIntersections(segStrings, li);
          this.computeIntersectionSnaps(intersections);
          this.computeVertexSnaps(segStrings);
        };
        MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.findInteriorIntersections = function findInteriorIntersections (segStrings, li) {
          var intFinderAdder = new InteriorIntersectionFinderAdder(li);
          this._noder.setSegmentIntersector(intFinderAdder);
          this._noder.computeNodes(segStrings);
          return intFinderAdder.getInteriorIntersections()
        };
        MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.computeVertexSnaps = function computeVertexSnaps () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection)) {
            var edges = arguments[0];
            for (var i0 = edges.iterator(); i0.hasNext();) {
              var edge0 = i0.next();
              this$1.computeVertexSnaps(edge0);
            }
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof NodedSegmentString) {
            var e = arguments[0];
            var pts0 = e.getCoordinates();
            for (var i = 0; i < pts0.length; i++) {
              var hotPixel = new HotPixel(pts0[i], this$1._scaleFactor, this$1._li);
              var isNodeAdded = this$1._pointSnapper.snap(hotPixel, e, i);
              if (isNodeAdded) {
                e.addIntersection(pts0[i], i);
              }
            }
          }
        };
        MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.computeNodes = function computeNodes (inputSegmentStrings) {
          this._nodedSegStrings = inputSegmentStrings;
          this._noder = new MCIndexNoder();
          this._pointSnapper = new MCIndexPointSnapper(this._noder.getIndex());
          this.snapRound(inputSegmentStrings, this._li);
        };
        MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.computeIntersectionSnaps = function computeIntersectionSnaps (snapPts) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var it = snapPts.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var snapPt = it.next();
            var hotPixel = new HotPixel(snapPt, this$1._scaleFactor, this$1._li);
            this$1._pointSnapper.snap(hotPixel);
          }
        };
        MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Noder]
        };
        MCIndexSnapRounder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MCIndexSnapRounder
        };

        var BufferOp = function BufferOp () {
          this._argGeom = null;
          this._distance = null;
          this._bufParams = new BufferParameters();
          this._resultGeometry = null;
          this._saveException = null;
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var g = arguments[0];
            this._argGeom = g;
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var g$1 = arguments[0];
            var bufParams = arguments[1];
            this._argGeom = g$1;
            this._bufParams = bufParams;
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$32 = { CAP_ROUND: { configurable: true },CAP_BUTT: { configurable: true },CAP_FLAT: { configurable: true },CAP_SQUARE: { configurable: true },MAX_PRECISION_DIGITS: { configurable: true } };
        BufferOp.prototype.bufferFixedPrecision = function bufferFixedPrecision (fixedPM) {
          var noder = new ScaledNoder(new MCIndexSnapRounder(new PrecisionModel(1.0)), fixedPM.getScale());
          var bufBuilder = new BufferBuilder(this._bufParams);
          bufBuilder.setWorkingPrecisionModel(fixedPM);
          bufBuilder.setNoder(noder);
          this._resultGeometry = bufBuilder.buffer(this._argGeom, this._distance);
        };
        BufferOp.prototype.bufferReducedPrecision = function bufferReducedPrecision () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            for (var precDigits = BufferOp.MAX_PRECISION_DIGITS; precDigits >= 0; precDigits--) {
              try {
                this$1.bufferReducedPrecision(precDigits);
              } catch (ex) {
                if (ex instanceof TopologyException) {
                  this$1._saveException = ex;
                } else { throw ex }
              } finally {}
              if (this$1._resultGeometry !== null) { return null }
            }
            throw this._saveException
          } else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var precisionDigits = arguments[0];
            var sizeBasedScaleFactor = BufferOp.precisionScaleFactor(this._argGeom, this._distance, precisionDigits);
            var fixedPM = new PrecisionModel(sizeBasedScaleFactor);
            this.bufferFixedPrecision(fixedPM);
          }
        };
        BufferOp.prototype.computeGeometry = function computeGeometry () {
          this.bufferOriginalPrecision();
          if (this._resultGeometry !== null) { return null }
          var argPM = this._argGeom.getFactory().getPrecisionModel();
          if (argPM.getType() === PrecisionModel.FIXED) { this.bufferFixedPrecision(argPM); } else { this.bufferReducedPrecision(); }
        };
        BufferOp.prototype.setQuadrantSegments = function setQuadrantSegments (quadrantSegments) {
          this._bufParams.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments);
        };
        BufferOp.prototype.bufferOriginalPrecision = function bufferOriginalPrecision () {
          try {
            var bufBuilder = new BufferBuilder(this._bufParams);
            this._resultGeometry = bufBuilder.buffer(this._argGeom, this._distance);
          } catch (ex) {
            if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
              this._saveException = ex;
            } else { throw ex }
          } finally {}
        };
        BufferOp.prototype.getResultGeometry = function getResultGeometry (distance) {
          this._distance = distance;
          this.computeGeometry();
          return this._resultGeometry
        };
        BufferOp.prototype.setEndCapStyle = function setEndCapStyle (endCapStyle) {
          this._bufParams.setEndCapStyle(endCapStyle);
        };
        BufferOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        BufferOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BufferOp
        };
        BufferOp.bufferOp = function bufferOp () {
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var g = arguments[0];
            var distance = arguments[1];
            var gBuf = new BufferOp(g);
            var geomBuf = gBuf.getResultGeometry(distance);
            return geomBuf
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            if (Number.isInteger(arguments[2]) && (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && typeof arguments[1] === 'number')) {
              var g$1 = arguments[0];
              var distance$1 = arguments[1];
              var quadrantSegments = arguments[2];
              var bufOp = new BufferOp(g$1);
              bufOp.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments);
              var geomBuf$1 = bufOp.getResultGeometry(distance$1);
              return geomBuf$1
            } else if (arguments[2] instanceof BufferParameters && (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && typeof arguments[1] === 'number')) {
              var g$2 = arguments[0];
              var distance$2 = arguments[1];
              var params = arguments[2];
              var bufOp$1 = new BufferOp(g$2, params);
              var geomBuf$2 = bufOp$1.getResultGeometry(distance$2);
              return geomBuf$2
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 4) {
            var g$3 = arguments[0];
            var distance$3 = arguments[1];
            var quadrantSegments$1 = arguments[2];
            var endCapStyle = arguments[3];
            var bufOp$2 = new BufferOp(g$3);
            bufOp$2.setQuadrantSegments(quadrantSegments$1);
            bufOp$2.setEndCapStyle(endCapStyle);
            var geomBuf$3 = bufOp$2.getResultGeometry(distance$3);
            return geomBuf$3
          }
        };
        BufferOp.precisionScaleFactor = function precisionScaleFactor (g, distance, maxPrecisionDigits) {
          var env = g.getEnvelopeInternal();
          var envMax = MathUtil.max(Math.abs(env.getMaxX()), Math.abs(env.getMaxY()), Math.abs(env.getMinX()), Math.abs(env.getMinY()));
          var expandByDistance = distance > 0.0 ? distance : 0.0;
          var bufEnvMax = envMax + 2 * expandByDistance;
          var bufEnvPrecisionDigits = Math.trunc(Math.log(bufEnvMax) / Math.log(10) + 1.0);
          var minUnitLog10 = maxPrecisionDigits - bufEnvPrecisionDigits;
          var scaleFactor = Math.pow(10.0, minUnitLog10);
          return scaleFactor
        };
        staticAccessors$32.CAP_ROUND.get = function () { return BufferParameters.CAP_ROUND };
        staticAccessors$32.CAP_BUTT.get = function () { return BufferParameters.CAP_FLAT };
        staticAccessors$32.CAP_FLAT.get = function () { return BufferParameters.CAP_FLAT };
        staticAccessors$32.CAP_SQUARE.get = function () { return BufferParameters.CAP_SQUARE };
        staticAccessors$32.MAX_PRECISION_DIGITS.get = function () { return 12 };

        Object.defineProperties( BufferOp, staticAccessors$32 );

        var PointPairDistance = function PointPairDistance () {
          this._pt = [new Coordinate(), new Coordinate()];
          this._distance = Double.NaN;
          this._isNull = true;
        };
        PointPairDistance.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
          return this._pt
        };
        PointPairDistance.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
          return this._pt[i]
        };
        PointPairDistance.prototype.setMinimum = function setMinimum () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var ptDist = arguments[0];
            this.setMinimum(ptDist._pt[0], ptDist._pt[1]);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p0 = arguments[0];
            var p1 = arguments[1];
            if (this._isNull) {
              this.initialize(p0, p1);
              return null
            }
            var dist = p0.distance(p1);
            if (dist < this._distance) { this.initialize(p0, p1, dist); }
          }
        };
        PointPairDistance.prototype.initialize = function initialize () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this._isNull = true;
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p0 = arguments[0];
            var p1 = arguments[1];
            this._pt[0].setCoordinate(p0);
            this._pt[1].setCoordinate(p1);
            this._distance = p0.distance(p1);
            this._isNull = false;
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var p0$1 = arguments[0];
            var p1$1 = arguments[1];
            var distance = arguments[2];
            this._pt[0].setCoordinate(p0$1);
            this._pt[1].setCoordinate(p1$1);
            this._distance = distance;
            this._isNull = false;
          }
        };
        PointPairDistance.prototype.getDistance = function getDistance () {
          return this._distance
        };
        PointPairDistance.prototype.setMaximum = function setMaximum () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var ptDist = arguments[0];
            this.setMaximum(ptDist._pt[0], ptDist._pt[1]);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p0 = arguments[0];
            var p1 = arguments[1];
            if (this._isNull) {
              this.initialize(p0, p1);
              return null
            }
            var dist = p0.distance(p1);
            if (dist > this._distance) { this.initialize(p0, p1, dist); }
          }
        };
        PointPairDistance.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        PointPairDistance.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PointPairDistance
        };

        var DistanceToPointFinder = function DistanceToPointFinder () {};

        DistanceToPointFinder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        DistanceToPointFinder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return DistanceToPointFinder
        };
        DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance = function computeDistance () {
          if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance && (arguments[0] instanceof LineString && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
            var line = arguments[0];
            var pt = arguments[1];
            var ptDist = arguments[2];
            var coords = line.getCoordinates();
            var tempSegment = new LineSegment();
            for (var i = 0; i < coords.length - 1; i++) {
              tempSegment.setCoordinates(coords[i], coords[i + 1]);
              var closestPt = tempSegment.closestPoint(pt);
              ptDist.setMinimum(closestPt, pt);
            }
          } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance && (arguments[0] instanceof Polygon && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
            var poly = arguments[0];
            var pt$1 = arguments[1];
            var ptDist$1 = arguments[2];
            DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(poly.getExteriorRing(), pt$1, ptDist$1);
            for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < poly.getNumInteriorRing(); i$1++) {
              DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(poly.getInteriorRingN(i$1), pt$1, ptDist$1);
            }
          } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance && (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
            var geom = arguments[0];
            var pt$2 = arguments[1];
            var ptDist$2 = arguments[2];
            if (geom instanceof LineString) {
              DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(geom, pt$2, ptDist$2);
            } else if (geom instanceof Polygon) {
              DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(geom, pt$2, ptDist$2);
            } else if (geom instanceof GeometryCollection) {
              var gc = geom;
              for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < gc.getNumGeometries(); i$2++) {
                var g = gc.getGeometryN(i$2);
                DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(g, pt$2, ptDist$2);
              }
            } else {
              ptDist$2.setMinimum(geom.getCoordinate(), pt$2);
            }
          } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance && (arguments[0] instanceof LineSegment && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
            var segment = arguments[0];
            var pt$3 = arguments[1];
            var ptDist$3 = arguments[2];
            var closestPt$1 = segment.closestPoint(pt$3);
            ptDist$3.setMinimum(closestPt$1, pt$3);
          }
        };

        var BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder = function BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder (inputGeom) {
          this._maxPtDist = new PointPairDistance();
          this._inputGeom = inputGeom || null;
        };

        var staticAccessors$36 = { MaxPointDistanceFilter: { configurable: true },MaxMidpointDistanceFilter: { configurable: true } };
        BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.computeMaxMidpointDistance = function computeMaxMidpointDistance (curve) {
          var distFilter = new MaxMidpointDistanceFilter(this._inputGeom);
          curve.apply(distFilter);
          this._maxPtDist.setMaximum(distFilter.getMaxPointDistance());
        };
        BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.computeMaxVertexDistance = function computeMaxVertexDistance (curve) {
          var distFilter = new MaxPointDistanceFilter(this._inputGeom);
          curve.apply(distFilter);
          this._maxPtDist.setMaximum(distFilter.getMaxPointDistance());
        };
        BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.findDistance = function findDistance (bufferCurve) {
          this.computeMaxVertexDistance(bufferCurve);
          this.computeMaxMidpointDistance(bufferCurve);
          return this._maxPtDist.getDistance()
        };
        BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.getDistancePoints = function getDistancePoints () {
          return this._maxPtDist
        };
        BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder
        };
        staticAccessors$36.MaxPointDistanceFilter.get = function () { return MaxPointDistanceFilter };
        staticAccessors$36.MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.get = function () { return MaxMidpointDistanceFilter };

        Object.defineProperties( BufferCurveMaximumDistanceFinder, staticAccessors$36 );

        var MaxPointDistanceFilter = function MaxPointDistanceFilter (geom) {
          this._maxPtDist = new PointPairDistance();
          this._minPtDist = new PointPairDistance();
          this._geom = geom || null;
        };
        MaxPointDistanceFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (pt) {
          this._minPtDist.initialize();
          DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(this._geom, pt, this._minPtDist);
          this._maxPtDist.setMaximum(this._minPtDist);
        };
        MaxPointDistanceFilter.prototype.getMaxPointDistance = function getMaxPointDistance () {
          return this._maxPtDist
        };
        MaxPointDistanceFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [CoordinateFilter]
        };
        MaxPointDistanceFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MaxPointDistanceFilter
        };

        var MaxMidpointDistanceFilter = function MaxMidpointDistanceFilter (geom) {
          this._maxPtDist = new PointPairDistance();
          this._minPtDist = new PointPairDistance();
          this._geom = geom || null;
        };
        MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (seq, index) {
          if (index === 0) { return null }
          var p0 = seq.getCoordinate(index - 1);
          var p1 = seq.getCoordinate(index);
          var midPt = new Coordinate((p0.x + p1.x) / 2, (p0.y + p1.y) / 2);
          this._minPtDist.initialize();
          DistanceToPointFinder.computeDistance(this._geom, midPt, this._minPtDist);
          this._maxPtDist.setMaximum(this._minPtDist);
        };
        MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
          return false
        };
        MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.isGeometryChanged = function isGeometryChanged () {
          return false
        };
        MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.getMaxPointDistance = function getMaxPointDistance () {
          return this._maxPtDist
        };
        MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [CoordinateSequenceFilter]
        };
        MaxMidpointDistanceFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MaxMidpointDistanceFilter
        };

        var PolygonExtracter = function PolygonExtracter (comps) {
          this._comps = comps || null;
        };
        PolygonExtracter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {
          if (geom instanceof Polygon) { this._comps.add(geom); }
        };
        PolygonExtracter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [GeometryFilter]
        };
        PolygonExtracter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PolygonExtracter
        };
        PolygonExtracter.getPolygons = function getPolygons () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geom = arguments[0];
            return PolygonExtracter.getPolygons(geom, new ArrayList())
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var geom$1 = arguments[0];
            var list = arguments[1];
            if (geom$1 instanceof Polygon) {
              list.add(geom$1);
            } else if (geom$1 instanceof GeometryCollection) {
              geom$1.apply(new PolygonExtracter(list));
            }
            return list
          }
        };

        var LinearComponentExtracter = function LinearComponentExtracter () {
          this._lines = null;
          this._isForcedToLineString = false;
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var lines = arguments[0];
            this._lines = lines;
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var lines$1 = arguments[0];
            var isForcedToLineString = arguments[1];
            this._lines = lines$1;
            this._isForcedToLineString = isForcedToLineString;
          }
        };
        LinearComponentExtracter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {
          if (this._isForcedToLineString && geom instanceof LinearRing) {
            var line = geom.getFactory().createLineString(geom.getCoordinateSequence());
            this._lines.add(line);
            return null
          }
          if (geom instanceof LineString) { this._lines.add(geom); }
        };
        LinearComponentExtracter.prototype.setForceToLineString = function setForceToLineString (isForcedToLineString) {
          this._isForcedToLineString = isForcedToLineString;
        };
        LinearComponentExtracter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [GeometryComponentFilter]
        };
        LinearComponentExtracter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return LinearComponentExtracter
        };
        LinearComponentExtracter.getGeometry = function getGeometry () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geom = arguments[0];
            return geom.getFactory().buildGeometry(LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(geom))
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var geom$1 = arguments[0];
            var forceToLineString = arguments[1];
            return geom$1.getFactory().buildGeometry(LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(geom$1, forceToLineString))
          }
        };
        LinearComponentExtracter.getLines = function getLines () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geom = arguments[0];
            return LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(geom, false)
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            if (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection) && hasInterface(arguments[1], Collection)) {
              var geoms = arguments[0];
              var lines$1 = arguments[1];
              for (var i = geoms.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
                var g = i.next();
                LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(g, lines$1);
              }
              return lines$1
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && typeof arguments[1] === 'boolean') {
              var geom$1 = arguments[0];
              var forceToLineString = arguments[1];
              var lines = new ArrayList();
              geom$1.apply(new LinearComponentExtracter(lines, forceToLineString));
              return lines
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && hasInterface(arguments[1], Collection)) {
              var geom$2 = arguments[0];
              var lines$2 = arguments[1];
              if (geom$2 instanceof LineString) {
                lines$2.add(geom$2);
              } else {
                geom$2.apply(new LinearComponentExtracter(lines$2));
              }
              return lines$2
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            if (typeof arguments[2] === 'boolean' && (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection) && hasInterface(arguments[1], Collection))) {
              var geoms$1 = arguments[0];
              var lines$3 = arguments[1];
              var forceToLineString$1 = arguments[2];
              for (var i$1 = geoms$1.iterator(); i$1.hasNext();) {
                var g$1 = i$1.next();
                LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(g$1, lines$3, forceToLineString$1);
              }
              return lines$3
            } else if (typeof arguments[2] === 'boolean' && (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && hasInterface(arguments[1], Collection))) {
              var geom$3 = arguments[0];
              var lines$4 = arguments[1];
              var forceToLineString$2 = arguments[2];
              geom$3.apply(new LinearComponentExtracter(lines$4, forceToLineString$2));
              return lines$4
            }
          }
        };

        var PointLocator = function PointLocator () {
          this._boundaryRule = BoundaryNodeRule.OGC_SFS_BOUNDARY_RULE;
          this._isIn = null;
          this._numBoundaries = null;
          if (arguments.length === 0) ; else if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var boundaryRule = arguments[0];
            if (boundaryRule === null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Rule must be non-null') }
            this._boundaryRule = boundaryRule;
          }
        };
        PointLocator.prototype.locateInternal = function locateInternal () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Polygon) {
            var p = arguments[0];
            var poly = arguments[1];
            if (poly.isEmpty()) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
            var shell = poly.getExteriorRing();
            var shellLoc = this.locateInPolygonRing(p, shell);
            if (shellLoc === Location.EXTERIOR) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
            if (shellLoc === Location.BOUNDARY) { return Location.BOUNDARY }
            for (var i = 0; i < poly.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
              var hole = poly.getInteriorRingN(i);
              var holeLoc = this$1.locateInPolygonRing(p, hole);
              if (holeLoc === Location.INTERIOR) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
              if (holeLoc === Location.BOUNDARY) { return Location.BOUNDARY }
            }
            return Location.INTERIOR
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof LineString) {
            var p$1 = arguments[0];
            var l = arguments[1];
            if (!l.getEnvelopeInternal().intersects(p$1)) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
            var pt = l.getCoordinates();
            if (!l.isClosed()) {
              if (p$1.equals(pt[0]) || p$1.equals(pt[pt.length - 1])) {
                return Location.BOUNDARY
              }
            }
            if (CGAlgorithms.isOnLine(p$1, pt)) { return Location.INTERIOR }
            return Location.EXTERIOR
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate && arguments[1] instanceof Point$1) {
            var p$2 = arguments[0];
            var pt$1 = arguments[1];
            var ptCoord = pt$1.getCoordinate();
            if (ptCoord.equals2D(p$2)) { return Location.INTERIOR }
            return Location.EXTERIOR
          }
        };
        PointLocator.prototype.locateInPolygonRing = function locateInPolygonRing (p, ring) {
          if (!ring.getEnvelopeInternal().intersects(p)) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
          return CGAlgorithms.locatePointInRing(p, ring.getCoordinates())
        };
        PointLocator.prototype.intersects = function intersects (p, geom) {
          return this.locate(p, geom) !== Location.EXTERIOR
        };
        PointLocator.prototype.updateLocationInfo = function updateLocationInfo (loc) {
          if (loc === Location.INTERIOR) { this._isIn = true; }
          if (loc === Location.BOUNDARY) { this._numBoundaries++; }
        };
        PointLocator.prototype.computeLocation = function computeLocation (p, geom) {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (geom instanceof Point$1) {
            this.updateLocationInfo(this.locateInternal(p, geom));
          }
          if (geom instanceof LineString) {
            this.updateLocationInfo(this.locateInternal(p, geom));
          } else if (geom instanceof Polygon) {
            this.updateLocationInfo(this.locateInternal(p, geom));
          } else if (geom instanceof MultiLineString) {
            var ml = geom;
            for (var i = 0; i < ml.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
              var l = ml.getGeometryN(i);
              this$1.updateLocationInfo(this$1.locateInternal(p, l));
            }
          } else if (geom instanceof MultiPolygon) {
            var mpoly = geom;
            for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < mpoly.getNumGeometries(); i$1++) {
              var poly = mpoly.getGeometryN(i$1);
              this$1.updateLocationInfo(this$1.locateInternal(p, poly));
            }
          } else if (geom instanceof GeometryCollection) {
            var geomi = new GeometryCollectionIterator(geom);
            while (geomi.hasNext()) {
              var g2 = geomi.next();
              if (g2 !== geom) { this$1.computeLocation(p, g2); }
            }
          }
        };
        PointLocator.prototype.locate = function locate (p, geom) {
          if (geom.isEmpty()) { return Location.EXTERIOR }
          if (geom instanceof LineString) {
            return this.locateInternal(p, geom)
          } else if (geom instanceof Polygon) {
            return this.locateInternal(p, geom)
          }
          this._isIn = false;
          this._numBoundaries = 0;
          this.computeLocation(p, geom);
          if (this._boundaryRule.isInBoundary(this._numBoundaries)) { return Location.BOUNDARY }
          if (this._numBoundaries > 0 || this._isIn) { return Location.INTERIOR }
          return Location.EXTERIOR
        };
        PointLocator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        PointLocator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PointLocator
        };

        var GeometryLocation = function GeometryLocation () {
          this._component = null;
          this._segIndex = null;
          this._pt = null;
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var component = arguments[0];
            var pt = arguments[1];
            GeometryLocation.call(this, component, GeometryLocation.INSIDE_AREA, pt);
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var component$1 = arguments[0];
            var segIndex = arguments[1];
            var pt$1 = arguments[2];
            this._component = component$1;
            this._segIndex = segIndex;
            this._pt = pt$1;
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$38 = { INSIDE_AREA: { configurable: true } };
        GeometryLocation.prototype.isInsideArea = function isInsideArea () {
          return this._segIndex === GeometryLocation.INSIDE_AREA
        };
        GeometryLocation.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate () {
          return this._pt
        };
        GeometryLocation.prototype.getGeometryComponent = function getGeometryComponent () {
          return this._component
        };
        GeometryLocation.prototype.getSegmentIndex = function getSegmentIndex () {
          return this._segIndex
        };
        GeometryLocation.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GeometryLocation.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryLocation
        };
        staticAccessors$38.INSIDE_AREA.get = function () { return -1 };

        Object.defineProperties( GeometryLocation, staticAccessors$38 );

        var PointExtracter = function PointExtracter (pts) {
          this._pts = pts || null;
        };
        PointExtracter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {
          if (geom instanceof Point$1) { this._pts.add(geom); }
        };
        PointExtracter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [GeometryFilter]
        };
        PointExtracter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PointExtracter
        };
        PointExtracter.getPoints = function getPoints () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geom = arguments[0];
            if (geom instanceof Point$1) {
              return Collections.singletonList(geom)
            }
            return PointExtracter.getPoints(geom, new ArrayList())
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var geom$1 = arguments[0];
            var list = arguments[1];
            if (geom$1 instanceof Point$1) {
              list.add(geom$1);
            } else if (geom$1 instanceof GeometryCollection) {
              geom$1.apply(new PointExtracter(list));
            }
            return list
          }
        };

        var ConnectedElementLocationFilter = function ConnectedElementLocationFilter () {
          this._locations = null;
          var locations = arguments[0];
          this._locations = locations;
        };
        ConnectedElementLocationFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (geom) {
          if (geom instanceof Point$1 || geom instanceof LineString || geom instanceof Polygon) { this._locations.add(new GeometryLocation(geom, 0, geom.getCoordinate())); }
        };
        ConnectedElementLocationFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [GeometryFilter]
        };
        ConnectedElementLocationFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return ConnectedElementLocationFilter
        };
        ConnectedElementLocationFilter.getLocations = function getLocations (geom) {
          var locations = new ArrayList();
          geom.apply(new ConnectedElementLocationFilter(locations));
          return locations
        };

        var DistanceOp = function DistanceOp () {
          this._geom = null;
          this._terminateDistance = 0.0;
          this._ptLocator = new PointLocator();
          this._minDistanceLocation = null;
          this._minDistance = Double.MAX_VALUE;
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var g0 = arguments[0];
            var g1 = arguments[1];
            this._geom = [g0, g1];
            this._terminateDistance = 0.0;
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var g0$1 = arguments[0];
            var g1$1 = arguments[1];
            var terminateDistance = arguments[2];
            this._geom = new Array(2).fill(null);
            this._geom[0] = g0$1;
            this._geom[1] = g1$1;
            this._terminateDistance = terminateDistance;
          }
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.computeContainmentDistance = function computeContainmentDistance () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            var locPtPoly = new Array(2).fill(null);
            this.computeContainmentDistance(0, locPtPoly);
            if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) { return null }
            this.computeContainmentDistance(1, locPtPoly);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var polyGeomIndex = arguments[0];
            var locPtPoly$1 = arguments[1];
            var locationsIndex = 1 - polyGeomIndex;
            var polys = PolygonExtracter.getPolygons(this._geom[polyGeomIndex]);
            if (polys.size() > 0) {
              var insideLocs = ConnectedElementLocationFilter.getLocations(this._geom[locationsIndex]);
              this.computeContainmentDistance(insideLocs, polys, locPtPoly$1);
              if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) {
                this._minDistanceLocation[locationsIndex] = locPtPoly$1[0];
                this._minDistanceLocation[polyGeomIndex] = locPtPoly$1[1];
                return null
              }
            }
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            if (arguments[2] instanceof Array && (hasInterface(arguments[0], List) && hasInterface(arguments[1], List))) {
              var locs = arguments[0];
              var polys$1 = arguments[1];
              var locPtPoly$2 = arguments[2];
              for (var i = 0; i < locs.size(); i++) {
                var loc = locs.get(i);
                for (var j = 0; j < polys$1.size(); j++) {
                  this$1.computeContainmentDistance(loc, polys$1.get(j), locPtPoly$2);
                  if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
                }
              }
            } else if (arguments[2] instanceof Array && (arguments[0] instanceof GeometryLocation && arguments[1] instanceof Polygon)) {
              var ptLoc = arguments[0];
              var poly = arguments[1];
              var locPtPoly$3 = arguments[2];
              var pt = ptLoc.getCoordinate();
              if (Location.EXTERIOR !== this._ptLocator.locate(pt, poly)) {
                this._minDistance = 0.0;
                locPtPoly$3[0] = ptLoc;
                locPtPoly$3[1] = new GeometryLocation(poly, pt);

                return null
              }
            }
          }
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.computeMinDistanceLinesPoints = function computeMinDistanceLinesPoints (lines, points, locGeom) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) {
            var line = lines.get(i);
            for (var j = 0; j < points.size(); j++) {
              var pt = points.get(j);
              this$1.computeMinDistance(line, pt, locGeom);
              if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
            }
          }
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.computeFacetDistance = function computeFacetDistance () {
          var locGeom = new Array(2).fill(null);
          var lines0 = LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(this._geom[0]);
          var lines1 = LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(this._geom[1]);
          var pts0 = PointExtracter.getPoints(this._geom[0]);
          var pts1 = PointExtracter.getPoints(this._geom[1]);
          this.computeMinDistanceLines(lines0, lines1, locGeom);
          this.updateMinDistance(locGeom, false);
          if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) { return null }
          locGeom[0] = null;
          locGeom[1] = null;
          this.computeMinDistanceLinesPoints(lines0, pts1, locGeom);
          this.updateMinDistance(locGeom, false);
          if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) { return null }
          locGeom[0] = null;
          locGeom[1] = null;
          this.computeMinDistanceLinesPoints(lines1, pts0, locGeom);
          this.updateMinDistance(locGeom, true);
          if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) { return null }
          locGeom[0] = null;
          locGeom[1] = null;
          this.computeMinDistancePoints(pts0, pts1, locGeom);
          this.updateMinDistance(locGeom, false);
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.nearestLocations = function nearestLocations () {
          this.computeMinDistance();
          return this._minDistanceLocation
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.updateMinDistance = function updateMinDistance (locGeom, flip) {
          if (locGeom[0] === null) { return null }
          if (flip) {
            this._minDistanceLocation[0] = locGeom[1];
            this._minDistanceLocation[1] = locGeom[0];
          } else {
            this._minDistanceLocation[0] = locGeom[0];
            this._minDistanceLocation[1] = locGeom[1];
          }
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.nearestPoints = function nearestPoints () {
          this.computeMinDistance();
          var nearestPts = [this._minDistanceLocation[0].getCoordinate(), this._minDistanceLocation[1].getCoordinate()];
          return nearestPts
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.computeMinDistance = function computeMinDistance () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            if (this._minDistanceLocation !== null) { return null }
            this._minDistanceLocation = new Array(2).fill(null);
            this.computeContainmentDistance();
            if (this._minDistance <= this._terminateDistance) { return null }
            this.computeFacetDistance();
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            if (arguments[2] instanceof Array && (arguments[0] instanceof LineString && arguments[1] instanceof Point$1)) {
              var line = arguments[0];
              var pt = arguments[1];
              var locGeom = arguments[2];
              if (line.getEnvelopeInternal().distance(pt.getEnvelopeInternal()) > this._minDistance) { return null }
              var coord0 = line.getCoordinates();
              var coord = pt.getCoordinate();
              for (var i = 0; i < coord0.length - 1; i++) {
                var dist = CGAlgorithms.distancePointLine(coord, coord0[i], coord0[i + 1]);
                if (dist < this$1._minDistance) {
                  this$1._minDistance = dist;
                  var seg = new LineSegment(coord0[i], coord0[i + 1]);
                  var segClosestPoint = seg.closestPoint(coord);
                  locGeom[0] = new GeometryLocation(line, i, segClosestPoint);
                  locGeom[1] = new GeometryLocation(pt, 0, coord);
                }
                if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
              }
            } else if (arguments[2] instanceof Array && (arguments[0] instanceof LineString && arguments[1] instanceof LineString)) {
              var line0 = arguments[0];
              var line1 = arguments[1];
              var locGeom$1 = arguments[2];
              if (line0.getEnvelopeInternal().distance(line1.getEnvelopeInternal()) > this._minDistance) { return null }
              var coord0$1 = line0.getCoordinates();
              var coord1 = line1.getCoordinates();
              for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < coord0$1.length - 1; i$1++) {
                for (var j = 0; j < coord1.length - 1; j++) {
                  var dist$1 = CGAlgorithms.distanceLineLine(coord0$1[i$1], coord0$1[i$1 + 1], coord1[j], coord1[j + 1]);
                  if (dist$1 < this$1._minDistance) {
                    this$1._minDistance = dist$1;
                    var seg0 = new LineSegment(coord0$1[i$1], coord0$1[i$1 + 1]);
                    var seg1 = new LineSegment(coord1[j], coord1[j + 1]);
                    var closestPt = seg0.closestPoints(seg1);
                    locGeom$1[0] = new GeometryLocation(line0, i$1, closestPt[0]);
                    locGeom$1[1] = new GeometryLocation(line1, j, closestPt[1]);
                  }
                  if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.computeMinDistancePoints = function computeMinDistancePoints (points0, points1, locGeom) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < points0.size(); i++) {
            var pt0 = points0.get(i);
            for (var j = 0; j < points1.size(); j++) {
              var pt1 = points1.get(j);
              var dist = pt0.getCoordinate().distance(pt1.getCoordinate());
              if (dist < this$1._minDistance) {
                this$1._minDistance = dist;
                locGeom[0] = new GeometryLocation(pt0, 0, pt0.getCoordinate());
                locGeom[1] = new GeometryLocation(pt1, 0, pt1.getCoordinate());
              }
              if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
            }
          }
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.distance = function distance () {
          if (this._geom[0] === null || this._geom[1] === null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('null geometries are not supported') }
          if (this._geom[0].isEmpty() || this._geom[1].isEmpty()) { return 0.0 }
          this.computeMinDistance();
          return this._minDistance
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.computeMinDistanceLines = function computeMinDistanceLines (lines0, lines1, locGeom) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < lines0.size(); i++) {
            var line0 = lines0.get(i);
            for (var j = 0; j < lines1.size(); j++) {
              var line1 = lines1.get(j);
              this$1.computeMinDistance(line0, line1, locGeom);
              if (this$1._minDistance <= this$1._terminateDistance) { return null }
            }
          }
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        DistanceOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return DistanceOp
        };
        DistanceOp.distance = function distance (g0, g1) {
          var distOp = new DistanceOp(g0, g1);
          return distOp.distance()
        };
        DistanceOp.isWithinDistance = function isWithinDistance (g0, g1, distance) {
          var distOp = new DistanceOp(g0, g1, distance);
          return distOp.distance() <= distance
        };
        DistanceOp.nearestPoints = function nearestPoints (g0, g1) {
          var distOp = new DistanceOp(g0, g1);
          return distOp.nearestPoints()
        };

        var PointPairDistance$2 = function PointPairDistance () {
          this._pt = [new Coordinate(), new Coordinate()];
          this._distance = Double.NaN;
          this._isNull = true;
        };
        PointPairDistance$2.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
          return this._pt
        };
        PointPairDistance$2.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
          return this._pt[i]
        };
        PointPairDistance$2.prototype.setMinimum = function setMinimum () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var ptDist = arguments[0];
            this.setMinimum(ptDist._pt[0], ptDist._pt[1]);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p0 = arguments[0];
            var p1 = arguments[1];
            if (this._isNull) {
              this.initialize(p0, p1);
              return null
            }
            var dist = p0.distance(p1);
            if (dist < this._distance) { this.initialize(p0, p1, dist); }
          }
        };
        PointPairDistance$2.prototype.initialize = function initialize () {
          if (arguments.length === 0) {
            this._isNull = true;
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p0 = arguments[0];
            var p1 = arguments[1];
            this._pt[0].setCoordinate(p0);
            this._pt[1].setCoordinate(p1);
            this._distance = p0.distance(p1);
            this._isNull = false;
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var p0$1 = arguments[0];
            var p1$1 = arguments[1];
            var distance = arguments[2];
            this._pt[0].setCoordinate(p0$1);
            this._pt[1].setCoordinate(p1$1);
            this._distance = distance;
            this._isNull = false;
          }
        };
        PointPairDistance$2.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return WKTWriter.toLineString(this._pt[0], this._pt[1])
        };
        PointPairDistance$2.prototype.getDistance = function getDistance () {
          return this._distance
        };
        PointPairDistance$2.prototype.setMaximum = function setMaximum () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var ptDist = arguments[0];
            this.setMaximum(ptDist._pt[0], ptDist._pt[1]);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var p0 = arguments[0];
            var p1 = arguments[1];
            if (this._isNull) {
              this.initialize(p0, p1);
              return null
            }
            var dist = p0.distance(p1);
            if (dist > this._distance) { this.initialize(p0, p1, dist); }
          }
        };
        PointPairDistance$2.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        PointPairDistance$2.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PointPairDistance$2
        };

        var DistanceToPoint = function DistanceToPoint () {};

        DistanceToPoint.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        DistanceToPoint.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return DistanceToPoint
        };
        DistanceToPoint.computeDistance = function computeDistance () {
          if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance$2 && (arguments[0] instanceof LineString && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
            var line = arguments[0];
            var pt = arguments[1];
            var ptDist = arguments[2];
            var tempSegment = new LineSegment();
            var coords = line.getCoordinates();
            for (var i = 0; i < coords.length - 1; i++) {
              tempSegment.setCoordinates(coords[i], coords[i + 1]);
              var closestPt = tempSegment.closestPoint(pt);
              ptDist.setMinimum(closestPt, pt);
            }
          } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance$2 && (arguments[0] instanceof Polygon && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
            var poly = arguments[0];
            var pt$1 = arguments[1];
            var ptDist$1 = arguments[2];
            DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(poly.getExteriorRing(), pt$1, ptDist$1);
            for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < poly.getNumInteriorRing(); i$1++) {
              DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(poly.getInteriorRingN(i$1), pt$1, ptDist$1);
            }
          } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance$2 && (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
            var geom = arguments[0];
            var pt$2 = arguments[1];
            var ptDist$2 = arguments[2];
            if (geom instanceof LineString) {
              DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(geom, pt$2, ptDist$2);
            } else if (geom instanceof Polygon) {
              DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(geom, pt$2, ptDist$2);
            } else if (geom instanceof GeometryCollection) {
              var gc = geom;
              for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < gc.getNumGeometries(); i$2++) {
                var g = gc.getGeometryN(i$2);
                DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(g, pt$2, ptDist$2);
              }
            } else {
              ptDist$2.setMinimum(geom.getCoordinate(), pt$2);
            }
          } else if (arguments[2] instanceof PointPairDistance$2 && (arguments[0] instanceof LineSegment && arguments[1] instanceof Coordinate)) {
            var segment = arguments[0];
            var pt$3 = arguments[1];
            var ptDist$3 = arguments[2];
            var closestPt$1 = segment.closestPoint(pt$3);
            ptDist$3.setMinimum(closestPt$1, pt$3);
          }
        };

        var DiscreteHausdorffDistance = function DiscreteHausdorffDistance () {
          this._g0 = null;
          this._g1 = null;
          this._ptDist = new PointPairDistance$2();
          this._densifyFrac = 0.0;
          var g0 = arguments[0];
          var g1 = arguments[1];
          this._g0 = g0;
          this._g1 = g1;
        };

        var staticAccessors$39 = { MaxPointDistanceFilter: { configurable: true },MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter: { configurable: true } };
        DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
          return this._ptDist.getCoordinates()
        };
        DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.setDensifyFraction = function setDensifyFraction (densifyFrac) {
          if (densifyFrac > 1.0 || densifyFrac <= 0.0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Fraction is not in range (0.0 - 1.0]') }
          this._densifyFrac = densifyFrac;
        };
        DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.compute = function compute (g0, g1) {
          this.computeOrientedDistance(g0, g1, this._ptDist);
          this.computeOrientedDistance(g1, g0, this._ptDist);
        };
        DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.distance = function distance () {
          this.compute(this._g0, this._g1);
          return this._ptDist.getDistance()
        };
        DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.computeOrientedDistance = function computeOrientedDistance (discreteGeom, geom, ptDist) {
          var distFilter = new MaxPointDistanceFilter$1(geom);
          discreteGeom.apply(distFilter);
          ptDist.setMaximum(distFilter.getMaxPointDistance());
          if (this._densifyFrac > 0) {
            var fracFilter = new MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter(geom, this._densifyFrac);
            discreteGeom.apply(fracFilter);
            ptDist.setMaximum(fracFilter.getMaxPointDistance());
          }
        };
        DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.orientedDistance = function orientedDistance () {
          this.computeOrientedDistance(this._g0, this._g1, this._ptDist);
          return this._ptDist.getDistance()
        };
        DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        DiscreteHausdorffDistance.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return DiscreteHausdorffDistance
        };
        DiscreteHausdorffDistance.distance = function distance () {
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var g0 = arguments[0];
            var g1 = arguments[1];
            var dist = new DiscreteHausdorffDistance(g0, g1);
            return dist.distance()
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var g0$1 = arguments[0];
            var g1$1 = arguments[1];
            var densifyFrac = arguments[2];
            var dist$1 = new DiscreteHausdorffDistance(g0$1, g1$1);
            dist$1.setDensifyFraction(densifyFrac);
            return dist$1.distance()
          }
        };
        staticAccessors$39.MaxPointDistanceFilter.get = function () { return MaxPointDistanceFilter$1 };
        staticAccessors$39.MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.get = function () { return MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter };

        Object.defineProperties( DiscreteHausdorffDistance, staticAccessors$39 );

        var MaxPointDistanceFilter$1 = function MaxPointDistanceFilter () {
          this._maxPtDist = new PointPairDistance$2();
          this._minPtDist = new PointPairDistance$2();
          this._euclideanDist = new DistanceToPoint();
          this._geom = null;
          var geom = arguments[0];
          this._geom = geom;
        };
        MaxPointDistanceFilter$1.prototype.filter = function filter (pt) {
          this._minPtDist.initialize();
          DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(this._geom, pt, this._minPtDist);
          this._maxPtDist.setMaximum(this._minPtDist);
        };
        MaxPointDistanceFilter$1.prototype.getMaxPointDistance = function getMaxPointDistance () {
          return this._maxPtDist
        };
        MaxPointDistanceFilter$1.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [CoordinateFilter]
        };
        MaxPointDistanceFilter$1.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MaxPointDistanceFilter$1
        };

        var MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter = function MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter () {
          this._maxPtDist = new PointPairDistance$2();
          this._minPtDist = new PointPairDistance$2();
          this._geom = null;
          this._numSubSegs = 0;
          var geom = arguments[0];
          var fraction = arguments[1];
          this._geom = geom;
          this._numSubSegs = Math.trunc(Math.round(1.0 / fraction));
        };
        MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (seq, index) {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (index === 0) { return null }
          var p0 = seq.getCoordinate(index - 1);
          var p1 = seq.getCoordinate(index);
          var delx = (p1.x - p0.x) / this._numSubSegs;
          var dely = (p1.y - p0.y) / this._numSubSegs;
          for (var i = 0; i < this._numSubSegs; i++) {
            var x = p0.x + i * delx;
            var y = p0.y + i * dely;
            var pt = new Coordinate(x, y);
            this$1._minPtDist.initialize();
            DistanceToPoint.computeDistance(this$1._geom, pt, this$1._minPtDist);
            this$1._maxPtDist.setMaximum(this$1._minPtDist);
          }
        };
        MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
          return false
        };
        MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.isGeometryChanged = function isGeometryChanged () {
          return false
        };
        MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.getMaxPointDistance = function getMaxPointDistance () {
          return this._maxPtDist
        };
        MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [CoordinateSequenceFilter]
        };
        MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MaxDensifiedByFractionDistanceFilter
        };

        var BufferDistanceValidator = function BufferDistanceValidator (input, bufDistance, result) {
          this._minValidDistance = null;
          this._maxValidDistance = null;
          this._minDistanceFound = null;
          this._maxDistanceFound = null;
          this._isValid = true;
          this._errMsg = null;
          this._errorLocation = null;
          this._errorIndicator = null;
          this._input = input || null;
          this._bufDistance = bufDistance || null;
          this._result = result || null;
        };

        var staticAccessors$37 = { VERBOSE: { configurable: true },MAX_DISTANCE_DIFF_FRAC: { configurable: true } };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.checkMaximumDistance = function checkMaximumDistance (input, bufCurve, maxDist) {
          var haus = new DiscreteHausdorffDistance(bufCurve, input);
          haus.setDensifyFraction(0.25);
          this._maxDistanceFound = haus.orientedDistance();
          if (this._maxDistanceFound > maxDist) {
            this._isValid = false;
            var pts = haus.getCoordinates();
            this._errorLocation = pts[1];
            this._errorIndicator = input.getFactory().createLineString(pts);
            this._errMsg = 'Distance between buffer curve and input is too large (' + this._maxDistanceFound + ' at ' + WKTWriter.toLineString(pts[0], pts[1]) + ')';
          }
        };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.isValid = function isValid () {
          var posDistance = Math.abs(this._bufDistance);
          var distDelta = BufferDistanceValidator.MAX_DISTANCE_DIFF_FRAC * posDistance;
          this._minValidDistance = posDistance - distDelta;
          this._maxValidDistance = posDistance + distDelta;
          if (this._input.isEmpty() || this._result.isEmpty()) { return true }
          if (this._bufDistance > 0.0) {
            this.checkPositiveValid();
          } else {
            this.checkNegativeValid();
          }
          if (BufferDistanceValidator.VERBOSE) {
            System.out.println('Min Dist= ' + this._minDistanceFound + '  err= ' + (1.0 - this._minDistanceFound / this._bufDistance) + '  Max Dist= ' + this._maxDistanceFound + '  err= ' + (this._maxDistanceFound / this._bufDistance - 1.0));
          }
          return this._isValid
        };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.checkNegativeValid = function checkNegativeValid () {
          if (!(this._input instanceof Polygon || this._input instanceof MultiPolygon || this._input instanceof GeometryCollection)) {
            return null
          }
          var inputCurve = this.getPolygonLines(this._input);
          this.checkMinimumDistance(inputCurve, this._result, this._minValidDistance);
          if (!this._isValid) { return null }
          this.checkMaximumDistance(inputCurve, this._result, this._maxValidDistance);
        };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.getErrorIndicator = function getErrorIndicator () {
          return this._errorIndicator
        };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.checkMinimumDistance = function checkMinimumDistance (g1, g2, minDist) {
          var distOp = new DistanceOp(g1, g2, minDist);
          this._minDistanceFound = distOp.distance();
          if (this._minDistanceFound < minDist) {
            this._isValid = false;
            var pts = distOp.nearestPoints();
            this._errorLocation = distOp.nearestPoints()[1];
            this._errorIndicator = g1.getFactory().createLineString(pts);
            this._errMsg = 'Distance between buffer curve and input is too small (' + this._minDistanceFound + ' at ' + WKTWriter.toLineString(pts[0], pts[1]) + ' )';
          }
        };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.checkPositiveValid = function checkPositiveValid () {
          var bufCurve = this._result.getBoundary();
          this.checkMinimumDistance(this._input, bufCurve, this._minValidDistance);
          if (!this._isValid) { return null }
          this.checkMaximumDistance(this._input, bufCurve, this._maxValidDistance);
        };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.getErrorLocation = function getErrorLocation () {
          return this._errorLocation
        };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.getPolygonLines = function getPolygonLines (g) {
          var lines = new ArrayList();
          var lineExtracter = new LinearComponentExtracter(lines);
          var polys = PolygonExtracter.getPolygons(g);
          for (var i = polys.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var poly = i.next();
            poly.apply(lineExtracter);
          }
          return g.getFactory().buildGeometry(lines)
        };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.getErrorMessage = function getErrorMessage () {
          return this._errMsg
        };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        BufferDistanceValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BufferDistanceValidator
        };
        staticAccessors$37.VERBOSE.get = function () { return false };
        staticAccessors$37.MAX_DISTANCE_DIFF_FRAC.get = function () { return 0.012 };

        Object.defineProperties( BufferDistanceValidator, staticAccessors$37 );

        var BufferResultValidator = function BufferResultValidator (input, distance, result) {
          this._isValid = true;
          this._errorMsg = null;
          this._errorLocation = null;
          this._errorIndicator = null;
          this._input = input || null;
          this._distance = distance || null;
          this._result = result || null;
        };

        var staticAccessors$40 = { VERBOSE: { configurable: true },MAX_ENV_DIFF_FRAC: { configurable: true } };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.isValid = function isValid () {
          this.checkPolygonal();
          if (!this._isValid) { return this._isValid }
          this.checkExpectedEmpty();
          if (!this._isValid) { return this._isValid }
          this.checkEnvelope();
          if (!this._isValid) { return this._isValid }
          this.checkArea();
          if (!this._isValid) { return this._isValid }
          this.checkDistance();
          return this._isValid
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.checkEnvelope = function checkEnvelope () {
          if (this._distance < 0.0) { return null }
          var padding = this._distance * BufferResultValidator.MAX_ENV_DIFF_FRAC;
          if (padding === 0.0) { padding = 0.001; }
          var expectedEnv = new Envelope(this._input.getEnvelopeInternal());
          expectedEnv.expandBy(this._distance);
          var bufEnv = new Envelope(this._result.getEnvelopeInternal());
          bufEnv.expandBy(padding);
          if (!bufEnv.contains(expectedEnv)) {
            this._isValid = false;
            this._errorMsg = 'Buffer envelope is incorrect';
            this._errorIndicator = this._input.getFactory().toGeometry(bufEnv);
          }
          this.report('Envelope');
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.checkDistance = function checkDistance () {
          var distValid = new BufferDistanceValidator(this._input, this._distance, this._result);
          if (!distValid.isValid()) {
            this._isValid = false;
            this._errorMsg = distValid.getErrorMessage();
            this._errorLocation = distValid.getErrorLocation();
            this._errorIndicator = distValid.getErrorIndicator();
          }
          this.report('Distance');
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.checkArea = function checkArea () {
          var inputArea = this._input.getArea();
          var resultArea = this._result.getArea();
          if (this._distance > 0.0 && inputArea > resultArea) {
            this._isValid = false;
            this._errorMsg = 'Area of positive buffer is smaller than input';
            this._errorIndicator = this._result;
          }
          if (this._distance < 0.0 && inputArea < resultArea) {
            this._isValid = false;
            this._errorMsg = 'Area of negative buffer is larger than input';
            this._errorIndicator = this._result;
          }
          this.report('Area');
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.checkPolygonal = function checkPolygonal () {
          if (!(this._result instanceof Polygon || this._result instanceof MultiPolygon)) { this._isValid = false; }
          this._errorMsg = 'Result is not polygonal';
          this._errorIndicator = this._result;
          this.report('Polygonal');
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.getErrorIndicator = function getErrorIndicator () {
          return this._errorIndicator
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.getErrorLocation = function getErrorLocation () {
          return this._errorLocation
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.checkExpectedEmpty = function checkExpectedEmpty () {
          if (this._input.getDimension() >= 2) { return null }
          if (this._distance > 0.0) { return null }
          if (!this._result.isEmpty()) {
            this._isValid = false;
            this._errorMsg = 'Result is non-empty';
            this._errorIndicator = this._result;
          }
          this.report('ExpectedEmpty');
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.report = function report (checkName) {
          if (!BufferResultValidator.VERBOSE) { return null }
          System.out.println('Check ' + checkName + ': ' + (this._isValid ? 'passed' : 'FAILED'));
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.getErrorMessage = function getErrorMessage () {
          return this._errorMsg
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        BufferResultValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BufferResultValidator
        };
        BufferResultValidator.isValidMsg = function isValidMsg (g, distance, result) {
          var validator = new BufferResultValidator(g, distance, result);
          if (!validator.isValid()) { return validator.getErrorMessage() }
          return null
        };
        BufferResultValidator.isValid = function isValid (g, distance, result) {
          var validator = new BufferResultValidator(g, distance, result);
          if (validator.isValid()) { return true }
          return false
        };
        staticAccessors$40.VERBOSE.get = function () { return false };
        staticAccessors$40.MAX_ENV_DIFF_FRAC.get = function () { return 0.012 };

        Object.defineProperties( BufferResultValidator, staticAccessors$40 );

        // operation.buffer

        var BasicSegmentString = function BasicSegmentString () {
          this._pts = null;
          this._data = null;
          var pts = arguments[0];
          var data = arguments[1];
          this._pts = pts;
          this._data = data;
        };
        BasicSegmentString.prototype.getCoordinates = function getCoordinates () {
          return this._pts
        };
        BasicSegmentString.prototype.size = function size () {
          return this._pts.length
        };
        BasicSegmentString.prototype.getCoordinate = function getCoordinate (i) {
          return this._pts[i]
        };
        BasicSegmentString.prototype.isClosed = function isClosed () {
          return this._pts[0].equals(this._pts[this._pts.length - 1])
        };
        BasicSegmentString.prototype.getSegmentOctant = function getSegmentOctant (index) {
          if (index === this._pts.length - 1) { return -1 }
          return Octant.octant(this.getCoordinate(index), this.getCoordinate(index + 1))
        };
        BasicSegmentString.prototype.setData = function setData (data) {
          this._data = data;
        };
        BasicSegmentString.prototype.getData = function getData () {
          return this._data
        };
        BasicSegmentString.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return WKTWriter.toLineString(new CoordinateArraySequence(this._pts))
        };
        BasicSegmentString.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [SegmentString]
        };
        BasicSegmentString.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return BasicSegmentString
        };

        var InteriorIntersectionFinder = function InteriorIntersectionFinder () {
          this._findAllIntersections = false;
          this._isCheckEndSegmentsOnly = false;
          this._li = null;
          this._interiorIntersection = null;
          this._intSegments = null;
          this._intersections = new ArrayList();
          this._intersectionCount = 0;
          this._keepIntersections = true;
          var li = arguments[0];
          this._li = li;
          this._interiorIntersection = null;
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.getInteriorIntersection = function getInteriorIntersection () {
          return this._interiorIntersection
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.setCheckEndSegmentsOnly = function setCheckEndSegmentsOnly (isCheckEndSegmentsOnly) {
          this._isCheckEndSegmentsOnly = isCheckEndSegmentsOnly;
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.getIntersectionSegments = function getIntersectionSegments () {
          return this._intSegments
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.count = function count () {
          return this._intersectionCount
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.getIntersections = function getIntersections () {
          return this._intersections
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.setFindAllIntersections = function setFindAllIntersections (findAllIntersections) {
          this._findAllIntersections = findAllIntersections;
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.setKeepIntersections = function setKeepIntersections (keepIntersections) {
          this._keepIntersections = keepIntersections;
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.processIntersections = function processIntersections (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
          if (!this._findAllIntersections && this.hasIntersection()) { return null }
          if (e0 === e1 && segIndex0 === segIndex1) { return null }
          if (this._isCheckEndSegmentsOnly) {
            var isEndSegPresent = this.isEndSegment(e0, segIndex0) || this.isEndSegment(e1, segIndex1);
            if (!isEndSegPresent) { return null }
          }
          var p00 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0];
          var p01 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0 + 1];
          var p10 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1];
          var p11 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1 + 1];
          this._li.computeIntersection(p00, p01, p10, p11);
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
            if (this._li.isInteriorIntersection()) {
              this._intSegments = new Array(4).fill(null);
              this._intSegments[0] = p00;
              this._intSegments[1] = p01;
              this._intSegments[2] = p10;
              this._intSegments[3] = p11;
              this._interiorIntersection = this._li.getIntersection(0);
              if (this._keepIntersections) { this._intersections.add(this._interiorIntersection); }
              this._intersectionCount++;
            }
          }
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.isEndSegment = function isEndSegment (segStr, index) {
          if (index === 0) { return true }
          if (index >= segStr.size() - 2) { return true }
          return false
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.hasIntersection = function hasIntersection () {
          return this._interiorIntersection !== null
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
          if (this._findAllIntersections) { return false }
          return this._interiorIntersection !== null
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [SegmentIntersector]
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return InteriorIntersectionFinder
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.createAllIntersectionsFinder = function createAllIntersectionsFinder (li) {
          var finder = new InteriorIntersectionFinder(li);
          finder.setFindAllIntersections(true);
          return finder
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.createAnyIntersectionFinder = function createAnyIntersectionFinder (li) {
          return new InteriorIntersectionFinder(li)
        };
        InteriorIntersectionFinder.createIntersectionCounter = function createIntersectionCounter (li) {
          var finder = new InteriorIntersectionFinder(li);
          finder.setFindAllIntersections(true);
          finder.setKeepIntersections(false);
          return finder
        };

        var FastNodingValidator = function FastNodingValidator () {
          this._li = new RobustLineIntersector();
          this._segStrings = null;
          this._findAllIntersections = false;
          this._segInt = null;
          this._isValid = true;
          var segStrings = arguments[0];
          this._segStrings = segStrings;
        };
        FastNodingValidator.prototype.execute = function execute () {
          if (this._segInt !== null) { return null }
          this.checkInteriorIntersections();
        };
        FastNodingValidator.prototype.getIntersections = function getIntersections () {
          return this._segInt.getIntersections()
        };
        FastNodingValidator.prototype.isValid = function isValid () {
          this.execute();
          return this._isValid
        };
        FastNodingValidator.prototype.setFindAllIntersections = function setFindAllIntersections (findAllIntersections) {
          this._findAllIntersections = findAllIntersections;
        };
        FastNodingValidator.prototype.checkInteriorIntersections = function checkInteriorIntersections () {
          this._isValid = true;
          this._segInt = new InteriorIntersectionFinder(this._li);
          this._segInt.setFindAllIntersections(this._findAllIntersections);
          var noder = new MCIndexNoder();
          noder.setSegmentIntersector(this._segInt);
          noder.computeNodes(this._segStrings);
          if (this._segInt.hasIntersection()) {
            this._isValid = false;
            return null
          }
        };
        FastNodingValidator.prototype.checkValid = function checkValid () {
          this.execute();
          if (!this._isValid) { throw new TopologyException(this.getErrorMessage(), this._segInt.getInteriorIntersection()) }
        };
        FastNodingValidator.prototype.getErrorMessage = function getErrorMessage () {
          if (this._isValid) { return 'no intersections found' }
          var intSegs = this._segInt.getIntersectionSegments();
          return 'found non-noded intersection between ' + WKTWriter.toLineString(intSegs[0], intSegs[1]) + ' and ' + WKTWriter.toLineString(intSegs[2], intSegs[3])
        };
        FastNodingValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        FastNodingValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return FastNodingValidator
        };
        FastNodingValidator.computeIntersections = function computeIntersections (segStrings) {
          var nv = new FastNodingValidator(segStrings);
          nv.setFindAllIntersections(true);
          nv.isValid();
          return nv.getIntersections()
        };

        var EdgeNodingValidator = function EdgeNodingValidator () {
          this._nv = null;
          var edges = arguments[0];
          this._nv = new FastNodingValidator(EdgeNodingValidator.toSegmentStrings(edges));
        };
        EdgeNodingValidator.prototype.checkValid = function checkValid () {
          this._nv.checkValid();
        };
        EdgeNodingValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        EdgeNodingValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return EdgeNodingValidator
        };
        EdgeNodingValidator.toSegmentStrings = function toSegmentStrings (edges) {
          var segStrings = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = edges.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var e = i.next();
            segStrings.add(new BasicSegmentString(e.getCoordinates(), e));
          }
          return segStrings
        };
        EdgeNodingValidator.checkValid = function checkValid (edges) {
          var validator = new EdgeNodingValidator(edges);
          validator.checkValid();
        };

        var GeometryCollectionMapper = function GeometryCollectionMapper (mapOp) {
          this._mapOp = mapOp;
        };
        GeometryCollectionMapper.prototype.map = function map (gc) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var mapped = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = 0; i < gc.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var g = this$1._mapOp.map(gc.getGeometryN(i));
            if (!g.isEmpty()) { mapped.add(g); }
          }
          return gc.getFactory().createGeometryCollection(GeometryFactory.toGeometryArray(mapped))
        };
        GeometryCollectionMapper.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GeometryCollectionMapper.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryCollectionMapper
        };
        GeometryCollectionMapper.map = function map (gc, op) {
          var mapper = new GeometryCollectionMapper(op);
          return mapper.map(gc)
        };

        var LineBuilder = function LineBuilder () {
          this._op = null;
          this._geometryFactory = null;
          this._ptLocator = null;
          this._lineEdgesList = new ArrayList();
          this._resultLineList = new ArrayList();
          var op = arguments[0];
          var geometryFactory = arguments[1];
          var ptLocator = arguments[2];
          this._op = op;
          this._geometryFactory = geometryFactory;
          this._ptLocator = ptLocator;
        };
        LineBuilder.prototype.collectLines = function collectLines (opCode) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var it = this._op.getGraph().getEdgeEnds().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var de = it.next();
            this$1.collectLineEdge(de, opCode, this$1._lineEdgesList);
            this$1.collectBoundaryTouchEdge(de, opCode, this$1._lineEdgesList);
          }
        };
        LineBuilder.prototype.labelIsolatedLine = function labelIsolatedLine (e, targetIndex) {
          var loc = this._ptLocator.locate(e.getCoordinate(), this._op.getArgGeometry(targetIndex));
          e.getLabel().setLocation(targetIndex, loc);
        };
        LineBuilder.prototype.build = function build (opCode) {
          this.findCoveredLineEdges();
          this.collectLines(opCode);
          this.buildLines(opCode);
          return this._resultLineList
        };
        LineBuilder.prototype.collectLineEdge = function collectLineEdge (de, opCode, edges) {
          var label = de.getLabel();
          var e = de.getEdge();
          if (de.isLineEdge()) {
            if (!de.isVisited() && OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(label, opCode) && !e.isCovered()) {
              edges.add(e);
              de.setVisitedEdge(true);
            }
          }
        };
        LineBuilder.prototype.findCoveredLineEdges = function findCoveredLineEdges () {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var nodeit = this._op.getGraph().getNodes().iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
            var node = nodeit.next();
            node.getEdges().findCoveredLineEdges();
          }
          for (var it = this._op.getGraph().getEdgeEnds().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var de = it.next();
            var e = de.getEdge();
            if (de.isLineEdge() && !e.isCoveredSet()) {
              var isCovered = this$1._op.isCoveredByA(de.getCoordinate());
              e.setCovered(isCovered);
            }
          }
        };
        LineBuilder.prototype.labelIsolatedLines = function labelIsolatedLines (edgesList) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var it = edgesList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var e = it.next();
            var label = e.getLabel();
            if (e.isIsolated()) {
              if (label.isNull(0)) { this$1.labelIsolatedLine(e, 0); } else { this$1.labelIsolatedLine(e, 1); }
            }
          }
        };
        LineBuilder.prototype.buildLines = function buildLines (opCode) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var it = this._lineEdgesList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            var e = it.next();
            // const label = e.getLabel()
            var line = this$1._geometryFactory.createLineString(e.getCoordinates());
            this$1._resultLineList.add(line);
            e.setInResult(true);
          }
        };
        LineBuilder.prototype.collectBoundaryTouchEdge = function collectBoundaryTouchEdge (de, opCode, edges) {
          var label = de.getLabel();
          if (de.isLineEdge()) { return null }
          if (de.isVisited()) { return null }
          if (de.isInteriorAreaEdge()) { return null }
          if (de.getEdge().isInResult()) { return null }
          Assert.isTrue(!(de.isInResult() || de.getSym().isInResult()) || !de.getEdge().isInResult());
          if (OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(label, opCode) && opCode === OverlayOp.INTERSECTION) {
            edges.add(de.getEdge());
            de.setVisitedEdge(true);
          }
        };
        LineBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        LineBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return LineBuilder
        };

        var PointBuilder = function PointBuilder () {
          this._op = null;
          this._geometryFactory = null;
          this._resultPointList = new ArrayList();
          var op = arguments[0];
          var geometryFactory = arguments[1];
          // const ptLocator = arguments[2]
          this._op = op;
          this._geometryFactory = geometryFactory;
        };
        PointBuilder.prototype.filterCoveredNodeToPoint = function filterCoveredNodeToPoint (n) {
          var coord = n.getCoordinate();
          if (!this._op.isCoveredByLA(coord)) {
            var pt = this._geometryFactory.createPoint(coord);
            this._resultPointList.add(pt);
          }
        };
        PointBuilder.prototype.extractNonCoveredResultNodes = function extractNonCoveredResultNodes (opCode) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var nodeit = this._op.getGraph().getNodes().iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
            var n = nodeit.next();
            if (n.isInResult()) { continue }
            if (n.isIncidentEdgeInResult()) { continue }
            if (n.getEdges().getDegree() === 0 || opCode === OverlayOp.INTERSECTION) {
              var label = n.getLabel();
              if (OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(label, opCode)) {
                this$1.filterCoveredNodeToPoint(n);
              }
            }
          }
        };
        PointBuilder.prototype.build = function build (opCode) {
          this.extractNonCoveredResultNodes(opCode);
          return this._resultPointList
        };
        PointBuilder.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        PointBuilder.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PointBuilder
        };

        var GeometryTransformer = function GeometryTransformer () {
          this._inputGeom = null;
          this._factory = null;
          this._pruneEmptyGeometry = true;
          this._preserveGeometryCollectionType = true;
          this._preserveCollections = false;
          this._preserveType = false;
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformPoint = function transformPoint (geom, parent) {
          return this._factory.createPoint(this.transformCoordinates(geom.getCoordinateSequence(), geom))
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformPolygon = function transformPolygon (geom, parent) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var isAllValidLinearRings = true;
          var shell = this.transformLinearRing(geom.getExteriorRing(), geom);
          if (shell === null || !(shell instanceof LinearRing) || shell.isEmpty()) { isAllValidLinearRings = false; }
          var holes = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
            var hole = this$1.transformLinearRing(geom.getInteriorRingN(i), geom);
            if (hole === null || hole.isEmpty()) {
              continue
            }
            if (!(hole instanceof LinearRing)) { isAllValidLinearRings = false; }
            holes.add(hole);
          }
          if (isAllValidLinearRings) { return this._factory.createPolygon(shell, holes.toArray([])); } else {
            var components = new ArrayList();
            if (shell !== null) { components.add(shell); }
            components.addAll(holes);
            return this._factory.buildGeometry(components)
          }
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.createCoordinateSequence = function createCoordinateSequence (coords) {
          return this._factory.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(coords)
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.getInputGeometry = function getInputGeometry () {
          return this._inputGeom
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformMultiLineString = function transformMultiLineString (geom, parent) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var transGeomList = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var transformGeom = this$1.transformLineString(geom.getGeometryN(i), geom);
            if (transformGeom === null) { continue }
            if (transformGeom.isEmpty()) { continue }
            transGeomList.add(transformGeom);
          }
          return this._factory.buildGeometry(transGeomList)
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformCoordinates = function transformCoordinates (coords, parent) {
          return this.copy(coords)
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformLineString = function transformLineString (geom, parent) {
          return this._factory.createLineString(this.transformCoordinates(geom.getCoordinateSequence(), geom))
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformMultiPoint = function transformMultiPoint (geom, parent) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var transGeomList = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var transformGeom = this$1.transformPoint(geom.getGeometryN(i), geom);
            if (transformGeom === null) { continue }
            if (transformGeom.isEmpty()) { continue }
            transGeomList.add(transformGeom);
          }
          return this._factory.buildGeometry(transGeomList)
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformMultiPolygon = function transformMultiPolygon (geom, parent) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var transGeomList = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var transformGeom = this$1.transformPolygon(geom.getGeometryN(i), geom);
            if (transformGeom === null) { continue }
            if (transformGeom.isEmpty()) { continue }
            transGeomList.add(transformGeom);
          }
          return this._factory.buildGeometry(transGeomList)
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.copy = function copy (seq) {
          return seq.copy()
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformGeometryCollection = function transformGeometryCollection (geom, parent) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var transGeomList = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var transformGeom = this$1.transform(geom.getGeometryN(i));
            if (transformGeom === null) { continue }
            if (this$1._pruneEmptyGeometry && transformGeom.isEmpty()) { continue }
            transGeomList.add(transformGeom);
          }
          if (this._preserveGeometryCollectionType) { return this._factory.createGeometryCollection(GeometryFactory.toGeometryArray(transGeomList)) }
          return this._factory.buildGeometry(transGeomList)
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.transform = function transform (inputGeom) {
          this._inputGeom = inputGeom;
          this._factory = inputGeom.getFactory();
          if (inputGeom instanceof Point$1) { return this.transformPoint(inputGeom, null) }
          if (inputGeom instanceof MultiPoint) { return this.transformMultiPoint(inputGeom, null) }
          if (inputGeom instanceof LinearRing) { return this.transformLinearRing(inputGeom, null) }
          if (inputGeom instanceof LineString) { return this.transformLineString(inputGeom, null) }
          if (inputGeom instanceof MultiLineString) { return this.transformMultiLineString(inputGeom, null) }
          if (inputGeom instanceof Polygon) { return this.transformPolygon(inputGeom, null) }
          if (inputGeom instanceof MultiPolygon) { return this.transformMultiPolygon(inputGeom, null) }
          if (inputGeom instanceof GeometryCollection) { return this.transformGeometryCollection(inputGeom, null) }
          throw new IllegalArgumentException('Unknown Geometry subtype: ' + inputGeom.getClass().getName())
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.transformLinearRing = function transformLinearRing (geom, parent) {
          var seq = this.transformCoordinates(geom.getCoordinateSequence(), geom);
          if (seq === null) { return this._factory.createLinearRing(null) }
          var seqSize = seq.size();
          if (seqSize > 0 && seqSize < 4 && !this._preserveType) { return this._factory.createLineString(seq) }
          return this._factory.createLinearRing(seq)
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GeometryTransformer.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryTransformer
        };

        var LineStringSnapper = function LineStringSnapper () {
          this._snapTolerance = 0.0;
          this._srcPts = null;
          this._seg = new LineSegment();
          this._allowSnappingToSourceVertices = false;
          this._isClosed = false;
          if (arguments[0] instanceof LineString && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
            var srcLine = arguments[0];
            var snapTolerance = arguments[1];
            LineStringSnapper.call(this, srcLine.getCoordinates(), snapTolerance);
          } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Array && typeof arguments[1] === 'number') {
            var srcPts = arguments[0];
            var snapTolerance$1 = arguments[1];
            this._srcPts = srcPts;
            this._isClosed = LineStringSnapper.isClosed(srcPts);
            this._snapTolerance = snapTolerance$1;
          }
        };
        LineStringSnapper.prototype.snapVertices = function snapVertices (srcCoords, snapPts) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var end = this._isClosed ? srcCoords.size() - 1 : srcCoords.size();
          for (var i = 0; i < end; i++) {
            var srcPt = srcCoords.get(i);
            var snapVert = this$1.findSnapForVertex(srcPt, snapPts);
            if (snapVert !== null) {
              srcCoords.set(i, new Coordinate(snapVert));
              if (i === 0 && this$1._isClosed) { srcCoords.set(srcCoords.size() - 1, new Coordinate(snapVert)); }
            }
          }
        };
        LineStringSnapper.prototype.findSnapForVertex = function findSnapForVertex (pt, snapPts) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < snapPts.length; i++) {
            if (pt.equals2D(snapPts[i])) { return null }
            if (pt.distance(snapPts[i]) < this$1._snapTolerance) { return snapPts[i] }
          }
          return null
        };
        LineStringSnapper.prototype.snapTo = function snapTo (snapPts) {
          var coordList = new CoordinateList(this._srcPts);
          this.snapVertices(coordList, snapPts);
          this.snapSegments(coordList, snapPts);
          var newPts = coordList.toCoordinateArray();
          return newPts
        };
        LineStringSnapper.prototype.snapSegments = function snapSegments (srcCoords, snapPts) {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (snapPts.length === 0) { return null }
          var distinctPtCount = snapPts.length;
          if (snapPts[0].equals2D(snapPts[snapPts.length - 1])) { distinctPtCount = snapPts.length - 1; }
          for (var i = 0; i < distinctPtCount; i++) {
            var snapPt = snapPts[i];
            var index = this$1.findSegmentIndexToSnap(snapPt, srcCoords);
            if (index >= 0) {
              srcCoords.add(index + 1, new Coordinate(snapPt), false);
            }
          }
        };
        LineStringSnapper.prototype.findSegmentIndexToSnap = function findSegmentIndexToSnap (snapPt, srcCoords) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var minDist = Double.MAX_VALUE;
          var snapIndex = -1;
          for (var i = 0; i < srcCoords.size() - 1; i++) {
            this$1._seg.p0 = srcCoords.get(i);
            this$1._seg.p1 = srcCoords.get(i + 1);
            if (this$1._seg.p0.equals2D(snapPt) || this$1._seg.p1.equals2D(snapPt)) {
              if (this$1._allowSnappingToSourceVertices) { continue; } else { return -1 }
            }
            var dist = this$1._seg.distance(snapPt);
            if (dist < this$1._snapTolerance && dist < minDist) {
              minDist = dist;
              snapIndex = i;
            }
          }
          return snapIndex
        };
        LineStringSnapper.prototype.setAllowSnappingToSourceVertices = function setAllowSnappingToSourceVertices (allowSnappingToSourceVertices) {
          this._allowSnappingToSourceVertices = allowSnappingToSourceVertices;
        };
        LineStringSnapper.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        LineStringSnapper.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return LineStringSnapper
        };
        LineStringSnapper.isClosed = function isClosed (pts) {
          if (pts.length <= 1) { return false }
          return pts[0].equals2D(pts[pts.length - 1])
        };

        var GeometrySnapper = function GeometrySnapper (srcGeom) {
          this._srcGeom = srcGeom || null;
        };

        var staticAccessors$41 = { SNAP_PRECISION_FACTOR: { configurable: true } };
        GeometrySnapper.prototype.snapTo = function snapTo (snapGeom, snapTolerance) {
          var snapPts = this.extractTargetCoordinates(snapGeom);
          var snapTrans = new SnapTransformer(snapTolerance, snapPts);
          return snapTrans.transform(this._srcGeom)
        };
        GeometrySnapper.prototype.snapToSelf = function snapToSelf (snapTolerance, cleanResult) {
          var snapPts = this.extractTargetCoordinates(this._srcGeom);
          var snapTrans = new SnapTransformer(snapTolerance, snapPts, true);
          var snappedGeom = snapTrans.transform(this._srcGeom);
          var result = snappedGeom;
          if (cleanResult && hasInterface(result, Polygonal)) {
            result = snappedGeom.buffer(0);
          }
          return result
        };
        GeometrySnapper.prototype.computeSnapTolerance = function computeSnapTolerance (ringPts) {
          var minSegLen = this.computeMinimumSegmentLength(ringPts);
          var snapTol = minSegLen / 10;
          return snapTol
        };
        GeometrySnapper.prototype.extractTargetCoordinates = function extractTargetCoordinates (g) {
          var ptSet = new TreeSet();
          var pts = g.getCoordinates();
          for (var i = 0; i < pts.length; i++) {
            ptSet.add(pts[i]);
          }
          return ptSet.toArray(new Array(0).fill(null))
        };
        GeometrySnapper.prototype.computeMinimumSegmentLength = function computeMinimumSegmentLength (pts) {
          var minSegLen = Double.MAX_VALUE;
          for (var i = 0; i < pts.length - 1; i++) {
            var segLen = pts[i].distance(pts[i + 1]);
            if (segLen < minSegLen) { minSegLen = segLen; }
          }
          return minSegLen
        };
        GeometrySnapper.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GeometrySnapper.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometrySnapper
        };
        GeometrySnapper.snap = function snap (g0, g1, snapTolerance) {
          var snapGeom = new Array(2).fill(null);
          var snapper0 = new GeometrySnapper(g0);
          snapGeom[0] = snapper0.snapTo(g1, snapTolerance);
          var snapper1 = new GeometrySnapper(g1);
          snapGeom[1] = snapper1.snapTo(snapGeom[0], snapTolerance);
          return snapGeom
        };
        GeometrySnapper.computeOverlaySnapTolerance = function computeOverlaySnapTolerance () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var g = arguments[0];
            var snapTolerance = GeometrySnapper.computeSizeBasedSnapTolerance(g);
            var pm = g.getPrecisionModel();
            if (pm.getType() === PrecisionModel.FIXED) {
              var fixedSnapTol = 1 / pm.getScale() * 2 / 1.415;
              if (fixedSnapTol > snapTolerance) { snapTolerance = fixedSnapTol; }
            }
            return snapTolerance
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var g0 = arguments[0];
            var g1 = arguments[1];
            return Math.min(GeometrySnapper.computeOverlaySnapTolerance(g0), GeometrySnapper.computeOverlaySnapTolerance(g1))
          }
        };
        GeometrySnapper.computeSizeBasedSnapTolerance = function computeSizeBasedSnapTolerance (g) {
          var env = g.getEnvelopeInternal();
          var minDimension = Math.min(env.getHeight(), env.getWidth());
          var snapTol = minDimension * GeometrySnapper.SNAP_PRECISION_FACTOR;
          return snapTol
        };
        GeometrySnapper.snapToSelf = function snapToSelf (geom, snapTolerance, cleanResult) {
          var snapper0 = new GeometrySnapper(geom);
          return snapper0.snapToSelf(snapTolerance, cleanResult)
        };
        staticAccessors$41.SNAP_PRECISION_FACTOR.get = function () { return 1e-9 };

        Object.defineProperties( GeometrySnapper, staticAccessors$41 );

        var SnapTransformer = (function (GeometryTransformer$$1) {
          function SnapTransformer (snapTolerance, snapPts, isSelfSnap) {
            GeometryTransformer$$1.call(this);
            this._snapTolerance = snapTolerance || null;
            this._snapPts = snapPts || null;
            this._isSelfSnap = (isSelfSnap !== undefined) ? isSelfSnap : false;
          }

          if ( GeometryTransformer$$1 ) { SnapTransformer.__proto__ = GeometryTransformer$$1; }
          SnapTransformer.prototype = Object.create( GeometryTransformer$$1 && GeometryTransformer$$1.prototype );
          SnapTransformer.prototype.constructor = SnapTransformer;
          SnapTransformer.prototype.snapLine = function snapLine (srcPts, snapPts) {
            var snapper = new LineStringSnapper(srcPts, this._snapTolerance);
            snapper.setAllowSnappingToSourceVertices(this._isSelfSnap);
            return snapper.snapTo(snapPts)
          };
          SnapTransformer.prototype.transformCoordinates = function transformCoordinates (coords, parent) {
            var srcPts = coords.toCoordinateArray();
            var newPts = this.snapLine(srcPts, this._snapPts);
            return this._factory.getCoordinateSequenceFactory().create(newPts)
          };
          SnapTransformer.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          SnapTransformer.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return SnapTransformer
          };

          return SnapTransformer;
        }(GeometryTransformer));

        var CommonBits = function CommonBits () {
          this._isFirst = true;
          this._commonMantissaBitsCount = 53;
          this._commonBits = 0;
          this._commonSignExp = null;
        };
        CommonBits.prototype.getCommon = function getCommon () {
          return Double.longBitsToDouble(this._commonBits)
        };
        CommonBits.prototype.add = function add (num) {
          var numBits = Double.doubleToLongBits(num);
          if (this._isFirst) {
            this._commonBits = numBits;
            this._commonSignExp = CommonBits.signExpBits(this._commonBits);
            this._isFirst = false;
            return null
          }
          var numSignExp = CommonBits.signExpBits(numBits);
          if (numSignExp !== this._commonSignExp) {
            this._commonBits = 0;
            return null
          }
          this._commonMantissaBitsCount = CommonBits.numCommonMostSigMantissaBits(this._commonBits, numBits);
          this._commonBits = CommonBits.zeroLowerBits(this._commonBits, 64 - (12 + this._commonMantissaBitsCount));
        };
        CommonBits.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var bits = arguments[0];
            var x = Double.longBitsToDouble(bits);
            var numStr = Double.toBinaryString(bits);
            var padStr = '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000' + numStr;
            var bitStr = padStr.substring(padStr.length - 64);
            var str = bitStr.substring(0, 1) + '  ' + bitStr.substring(1, 12) + '(exp) ' + bitStr.substring(12) + ' [ ' + x + ' ]';
            return str
          }
        };
        CommonBits.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        CommonBits.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CommonBits
        };
        CommonBits.getBit = function getBit (bits, i) {
          var mask = 1 << i;
          return (bits & mask) !== 0 ? 1 : 0
        };
        CommonBits.signExpBits = function signExpBits (num) {
          return num >> 52
        };
        CommonBits.zeroLowerBits = function zeroLowerBits (bits, nBits) {
          var invMask = (1 << nBits) - 1;
          var mask = ~invMask;
          var zeroed = bits & mask;
          return zeroed
        };
        CommonBits.numCommonMostSigMantissaBits = function numCommonMostSigMantissaBits (num1, num2) {
          var count = 0;
          for (var i = 52; i >= 0; i--) {
            if (CommonBits.getBit(num1, i) !== CommonBits.getBit(num2, i)) { return count }
            count++;
          }
          return 52
        };

        var CommonBitsRemover = function CommonBitsRemover () {
          this._commonCoord = null;
          this._ccFilter = new CommonCoordinateFilter();
        };

        var staticAccessors$42 = { CommonCoordinateFilter: { configurable: true },Translater: { configurable: true } };
        CommonBitsRemover.prototype.addCommonBits = function addCommonBits (geom) {
          var trans = new Translater(this._commonCoord);
          geom.apply(trans);
          geom.geometryChanged();
        };
        CommonBitsRemover.prototype.removeCommonBits = function removeCommonBits (geom) {
          if (this._commonCoord.x === 0.0 && this._commonCoord.y === 0.0) { return geom }
          var invCoord = new Coordinate(this._commonCoord);
          invCoord.x = -invCoord.x;
          invCoord.y = -invCoord.y;
          var trans = new Translater(invCoord);
          geom.apply(trans);
          geom.geometryChanged();
          return geom
        };
        CommonBitsRemover.prototype.getCommonCoordinate = function getCommonCoordinate () {
          return this._commonCoord
        };
        CommonBitsRemover.prototype.add = function add (geom) {
          geom.apply(this._ccFilter);
          this._commonCoord = this._ccFilter.getCommonCoordinate();
        };
        CommonBitsRemover.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        CommonBitsRemover.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CommonBitsRemover
        };
        staticAccessors$42.CommonCoordinateFilter.get = function () { return CommonCoordinateFilter };
        staticAccessors$42.Translater.get = function () { return Translater };

        Object.defineProperties( CommonBitsRemover, staticAccessors$42 );

        var CommonCoordinateFilter = function CommonCoordinateFilter () {
          this._commonBitsX = new CommonBits();
          this._commonBitsY = new CommonBits();
        };
        CommonCoordinateFilter.prototype.filter = function filter (coord) {
          this._commonBitsX.add(coord.x);
          this._commonBitsY.add(coord.y);
        };
        CommonCoordinateFilter.prototype.getCommonCoordinate = function getCommonCoordinate () {
          return new Coordinate(this._commonBitsX.getCommon(), this._commonBitsY.getCommon())
        };
        CommonCoordinateFilter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [CoordinateFilter]
        };
        CommonCoordinateFilter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CommonCoordinateFilter
        };

        var Translater = function Translater () {
          this.trans = null;
          var trans = arguments[0];
          this.trans = trans;
        };
        Translater.prototype.filter = function filter (seq, i) {
          var xp = seq.getOrdinate(i, 0) + this.trans.x;
          var yp = seq.getOrdinate(i, 1) + this.trans.y;
          seq.setOrdinate(i, 0, xp);
          seq.setOrdinate(i, 1, yp);
        };
        Translater.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
          return false
        };
        Translater.prototype.isGeometryChanged = function isGeometryChanged () {
          return true
        };
        Translater.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [CoordinateSequenceFilter]
        };
        Translater.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return Translater
        };

        var SnapOverlayOp = function SnapOverlayOp (g1, g2) {
          this._geom = new Array(2).fill(null);
          this._snapTolerance = null;
          this._cbr = null;
          this._geom[0] = g1;
          this._geom[1] = g2;
          this.computeSnapTolerance();
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.prototype.selfSnap = function selfSnap (geom) {
          var snapper0 = new GeometrySnapper(geom);
          var snapGeom = snapper0.snapTo(geom, this._snapTolerance);
          return snapGeom
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.prototype.removeCommonBits = function removeCommonBits (geom) {
          this._cbr = new CommonBitsRemover();
          this._cbr.add(geom[0]);
          this._cbr.add(geom[1]);
          var remGeom = new Array(2).fill(null);
          remGeom[0] = this._cbr.removeCommonBits(geom[0].copy());
          remGeom[1] = this._cbr.removeCommonBits(geom[1].copy());
          return remGeom
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.prototype.prepareResult = function prepareResult (geom) {
          this._cbr.addCommonBits(geom);
          return geom
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.prototype.getResultGeometry = function getResultGeometry (opCode) {
          var prepGeom = this.snap(this._geom);
          var result = OverlayOp.overlayOp(prepGeom[0], prepGeom[1], opCode);
          return this.prepareResult(result)
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.prototype.checkValid = function checkValid (g) {
          if (!g.isValid()) {
            System.out.println('Snapped geometry is invalid');
          }
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.prototype.computeSnapTolerance = function computeSnapTolerance () {
          this._snapTolerance = GeometrySnapper.computeOverlaySnapTolerance(this._geom[0], this._geom[1]);
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.prototype.snap = function snap (geom) {
          var remGeom = this.removeCommonBits(geom);
          var snapGeom = GeometrySnapper.snap(remGeom[0], remGeom[1], this._snapTolerance);
          return snapGeom
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SnapOverlayOp
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp = function overlayOp (g0, g1, opCode) {
          var op = new SnapOverlayOp(g0, g1);
          return op.getResultGeometry(opCode)
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.union = function union (g0, g1) {
          return SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.UNION)
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.intersection = function intersection (g0, g1) {
          return SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.INTERSECTION)
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.symDifference = function symDifference (g0, g1) {
          return SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE)
        };
        SnapOverlayOp.difference = function difference (g0, g1) {
          return SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE)
        };

        var SnapIfNeededOverlayOp = function SnapIfNeededOverlayOp (g1, g2) {
          this._geom = new Array(2).fill(null);
          this._geom[0] = g1;
          this._geom[1] = g2;
        };
        SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.prototype.getResultGeometry = function getResultGeometry (opCode) {
          var result = null;
          var isSuccess = false;
          var savedException = null;
          try {
            result = OverlayOp.overlayOp(this._geom[0], this._geom[1], opCode);
            var isValid = true;
            if (isValid) { isSuccess = true; }
          } catch (ex) {
            if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
              savedException = ex;
            } else { throw ex }
          } finally {}
          if (!isSuccess) {
            try {
              result = SnapOverlayOp.overlayOp(this._geom[0], this._geom[1], opCode);
            } catch (ex$1) {
              if (ex$1 instanceof RuntimeException) {
                throw savedException
              } else { throw ex$1 }
            } finally {}
          }
          return result
        };
        SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp
        };
        SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp = function overlayOp (g0, g1, opCode) {
          var op = new SnapIfNeededOverlayOp(g0, g1);
          return op.getResultGeometry(opCode)
        };
        SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.union = function union (g0, g1) {
          return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.UNION)
        };
        SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.intersection = function intersection (g0, g1) {
          return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.INTERSECTION)
        };
        SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.symDifference = function symDifference (g0, g1) {
          return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE)
        };
        SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.difference = function difference (g0, g1) {
          return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g0, g1, OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE)
        };

        var MonotoneChain$2 = function MonotoneChain () {
          this.mce = null;
          this.chainIndex = null;
          var mce = arguments[0];
          var chainIndex = arguments[1];
          this.mce = mce;
          this.chainIndex = chainIndex;
        };
        MonotoneChain$2.prototype.computeIntersections = function computeIntersections (mc, si) {
          this.mce.computeIntersectsForChain(this.chainIndex, mc.mce, mc.chainIndex, si);
        };
        MonotoneChain$2.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        MonotoneChain$2.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return MonotoneChain$2
        };

        var SweepLineEvent = function SweepLineEvent () {
          this._label = null;
          this._xValue = null;
          this._eventType = null;
          this._insertEvent = null;
          this._deleteEventIndex = null;
          this._obj = null;
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var x = arguments[0];
            var insertEvent = arguments[1];
            this._eventType = SweepLineEvent.DELETE;
            this._xValue = x;
            this._insertEvent = insertEvent;
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var label = arguments[0];
            var x$1 = arguments[1];
            var obj = arguments[2];
            this._eventType = SweepLineEvent.INSERT;
            this._label = label;
            this._xValue = x$1;
            this._obj = obj;
          }
        };

        var staticAccessors$43 = { INSERT: { configurable: true },DELETE: { configurable: true } };
        SweepLineEvent.prototype.isDelete = function isDelete () {
          return this._eventType === SweepLineEvent.DELETE
        };
        SweepLineEvent.prototype.setDeleteEventIndex = function setDeleteEventIndex (deleteEventIndex) {
          this._deleteEventIndex = deleteEventIndex;
        };
        SweepLineEvent.prototype.getObject = function getObject () {
          return this._obj
        };
        SweepLineEvent.prototype.compareTo = function compareTo (o) {
          var pe = o;
          if (this._xValue < pe._xValue) { return -1 }
          if (this._xValue > pe._xValue) { return 1 }
          if (this._eventType < pe._eventType) { return -1 }
          if (this._eventType > pe._eventType) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };
        SweepLineEvent.prototype.getInsertEvent = function getInsertEvent () {
          return this._insertEvent
        };
        SweepLineEvent.prototype.isInsert = function isInsert () {
          return this._eventType === SweepLineEvent.INSERT
        };
        SweepLineEvent.prototype.isSameLabel = function isSameLabel (ev) {
          if (this._label === null) { return false }
          return this._label === ev._label
        };
        SweepLineEvent.prototype.getDeleteEventIndex = function getDeleteEventIndex () {
          return this._deleteEventIndex
        };
        SweepLineEvent.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparable]
        };
        SweepLineEvent.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SweepLineEvent
        };
        staticAccessors$43.INSERT.get = function () { return 1 };
        staticAccessors$43.DELETE.get = function () { return 2 };

        Object.defineProperties( SweepLineEvent, staticAccessors$43 );

        var EdgeSetIntersector = function EdgeSetIntersector () {};

        EdgeSetIntersector.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        EdgeSetIntersector.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return EdgeSetIntersector
        };

        var SegmentIntersector$2 = function SegmentIntersector () {
          this._hasIntersection = false;
          this._hasProper = false;
          this._hasProperInterior = false;
          this._properIntersectionPoint = null;
          this._li = null;
          this._includeProper = null;
          this._recordIsolated = null;
          this._isSelfIntersection = null;
          this._numIntersections = 0;
          this.numTests = 0;
          this._bdyNodes = null;
          this._isDone = false;
          this._isDoneWhenProperInt = false;
          var li = arguments[0];
          var includeProper = arguments[1];
          var recordIsolated = arguments[2];
          this._li = li;
          this._includeProper = includeProper;
          this._recordIsolated = recordIsolated;
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.isTrivialIntersection = function isTrivialIntersection (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
          if (e0 === e1) {
            if (this._li.getIntersectionNum() === 1) {
              if (SegmentIntersector$2.isAdjacentSegments(segIndex0, segIndex1)) { return true }
              if (e0.isClosed()) {
                var maxSegIndex = e0.getNumPoints() - 1;
                if ((segIndex0 === 0 && segIndex1 === maxSegIndex) ||
                    (segIndex1 === 0 && segIndex0 === maxSegIndex)) {
                  return true
                }
              }
            }
          }
          return false
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.getProperIntersectionPoint = function getProperIntersectionPoint () {
          return this._properIntersectionPoint
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.setIsDoneIfProperInt = function setIsDoneIfProperInt (isDoneWhenProperInt) {
          this._isDoneWhenProperInt = isDoneWhenProperInt;
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.hasProperInteriorIntersection = function hasProperInteriorIntersection () {
          return this._hasProperInterior
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.isBoundaryPointInternal = function isBoundaryPointInternal (li, bdyNodes) {
          for (var i = bdyNodes.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var node = i.next();
            var pt = node.getCoordinate();
            if (li.isIntersection(pt)) { return true }
          }
          return false
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.hasProperIntersection = function hasProperIntersection () {
          return this._hasProper
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.hasIntersection = function hasIntersection () {
          return this._hasIntersection
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.isDone = function isDone () {
          return this._isDone
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.isBoundaryPoint = function isBoundaryPoint (li, bdyNodes) {
          if (bdyNodes === null) { return false }
          if (this.isBoundaryPointInternal(li, bdyNodes[0])) { return true }
          if (this.isBoundaryPointInternal(li, bdyNodes[1])) { return true }
          return false
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.setBoundaryNodes = function setBoundaryNodes (bdyNodes0, bdyNodes1) {
          this._bdyNodes = new Array(2).fill(null);
          this._bdyNodes[0] = bdyNodes0;
          this._bdyNodes[1] = bdyNodes1;
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.addIntersections = function addIntersections (e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1) {
          if (e0 === e1 && segIndex0 === segIndex1) { return null }
          this.numTests++;
          var p00 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0];
          var p01 = e0.getCoordinates()[segIndex0 + 1];
          var p10 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1];
          var p11 = e1.getCoordinates()[segIndex1 + 1];
          this._li.computeIntersection(p00, p01, p10, p11);
          if (this._li.hasIntersection()) {
            if (this._recordIsolated) {
              e0.setIsolated(false);
              e1.setIsolated(false);
            }
            this._numIntersections++;
            if (!this.isTrivialIntersection(e0, segIndex0, e1, segIndex1)) {
              this._hasIntersection = true;
              if (this._includeProper || !this._li.isProper()) {
                e0.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex0, 0);
                e1.addIntersections(this._li, segIndex1, 1);
              }
              if (this._li.isProper()) {
                this._properIntersectionPoint = this._li.getIntersection(0).copy();
                this._hasProper = true;
                if (this._isDoneWhenProperInt) {
                  this._isDone = true;
                }
                if (!this.isBoundaryPoint(this._li, this._bdyNodes)) { this._hasProperInterior = true; }
              }
            }
          }
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SegmentIntersector$2
        };
        SegmentIntersector$2.isAdjacentSegments = function isAdjacentSegments (i1, i2) {
          return Math.abs(i1 - i2) === 1
        };

        var SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector = (function (EdgeSetIntersector$$1) {
          function SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector () {
            EdgeSetIntersector$$1.call(this);
            this.events = new ArrayList();
            this.nOverlaps = null;
          }

          if ( EdgeSetIntersector$$1 ) { SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.__proto__ = EdgeSetIntersector$$1; }
          SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype = Object.create( EdgeSetIntersector$$1 && EdgeSetIntersector$$1.prototype );
          SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.constructor = SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector;
          SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.prepareEvents = function prepareEvents () {
            var this$1 = this;

            Collections.sort(this.events);
            for (var i = 0; i < this.events.size(); i++) {
              var ev = this$1.events.get(i);
              if (ev.isDelete()) {
                ev.getInsertEvent().setDeleteEventIndex(i);
              }
            }
          };
          SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.computeIntersections = function computeIntersections () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var si = arguments[0];
              this.nOverlaps = 0;
              this.prepareEvents();
              for (var i = 0; i < this.events.size(); i++) {
                var ev = this$1.events.get(i);
                if (ev.isInsert()) {
                  this$1.processOverlaps(i, ev.getDeleteEventIndex(), ev, si);
                }
                if (si.isDone()) {
                  break
                }
              }
            } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
              if (arguments[2] instanceof SegmentIntersector$2 && (hasInterface(arguments[0], List) && hasInterface(arguments[1], List))) {
                var edges0 = arguments[0];
                var edges1 = arguments[1];
                var si$1 = arguments[2];
                this.addEdges(edges0, edges0);
                this.addEdges(edges1, edges1);
                this.computeIntersections(si$1);
              } else if (typeof arguments[2] === 'boolean' && (hasInterface(arguments[0], List) && arguments[1] instanceof SegmentIntersector$2)) {
                var edges = arguments[0];
                var si$2 = arguments[1];
                var testAllSegments = arguments[2];
                if (testAllSegments) { this.addEdges(edges, null); } else { this.addEdges(edges); }
                this.computeIntersections(si$2);
              }
            }
          };
          SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.addEdge = function addEdge (edge, edgeSet) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var mce = edge.getMonotoneChainEdge();
            var startIndex = mce.getStartIndexes();
            for (var i = 0; i < startIndex.length - 1; i++) {
              var mc = new MonotoneChain$2(mce, i);
              var insertEvent = new SweepLineEvent(edgeSet, mce.getMinX(i), mc);
              this$1.events.add(insertEvent);
              this$1.events.add(new SweepLineEvent(mce.getMaxX(i), insertEvent));
            }
          };
          SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.processOverlaps = function processOverlaps (start, end, ev0, si) {
            var this$1 = this;

            var mc0 = ev0.getObject();
            for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
              var ev1 = this$1.events.get(i);
              if (ev1.isInsert()) {
                var mc1 = ev1.getObject();
                if (!ev0.isSameLabel(ev1)) {
                  mc0.computeIntersections(mc1, si);
                  this$1.nOverlaps++;
                }
              }
            }
          };
          SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.addEdges = function addEdges () {
            var this$1 = this;

            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var edges = arguments[0];
              for (var i = edges.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
                var edge = i.next();
                this$1.addEdge(edge, edge);
              }
            } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var edges$1 = arguments[0];
              var edgeSet = arguments[1];
              for (var i$1 = edges$1.iterator(); i$1.hasNext();) {
                var edge$1 = i$1.next();
                this$1.addEdge(edge$1, edgeSet);
              }
            }
          };
          SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector
          };

          return SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector;
        }(EdgeSetIntersector));

        var IntervalRTreeNode = function IntervalRTreeNode () {
          this._min = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
          this._max = Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
        };

        var staticAccessors$45 = { NodeComparator: { configurable: true } };
        IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.getMin = function getMin () {
          return this._min
        };
        IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.intersects = function intersects (queryMin, queryMax) {
          if (this._min > queryMax || this._max < queryMin) { return false }
          return true
        };
        IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.getMax = function getMax () {
          return this._max
        };
        IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.toString = function toString () {
          return WKTWriter.toLineString(new Coordinate(this._min, 0), new Coordinate(this._max, 0))
        };
        IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        IntervalRTreeNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return IntervalRTreeNode
        };
        staticAccessors$45.NodeComparator.get = function () { return NodeComparator };

        Object.defineProperties( IntervalRTreeNode, staticAccessors$45 );

        var NodeComparator = function NodeComparator () {};

        NodeComparator.prototype.compare = function compare (o1, o2) {
          var n1 = o1;
          var n2 = o2;
          var mid1 = (n1._min + n1._max) / 2;
          var mid2 = (n2._min + n2._max) / 2;
          if (mid1 < mid2) { return -1 }
          if (mid1 > mid2) { return 1 }
          return 0
        };
        NodeComparator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [Comparator]
        };
        NodeComparator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return NodeComparator
        };

        var IntervalRTreeLeafNode = (function (IntervalRTreeNode$$1) {
          function IntervalRTreeLeafNode () {
            IntervalRTreeNode$$1.call(this);
            this._item = null;
            var min = arguments[0];
            var max = arguments[1];
            var item = arguments[2];
            this._min = min;
            this._max = max;
            this._item = item;
          }

          if ( IntervalRTreeNode$$1 ) { IntervalRTreeLeafNode.__proto__ = IntervalRTreeNode$$1; }
          IntervalRTreeLeafNode.prototype = Object.create( IntervalRTreeNode$$1 && IntervalRTreeNode$$1.prototype );
          IntervalRTreeLeafNode.prototype.constructor = IntervalRTreeLeafNode;
          IntervalRTreeLeafNode.prototype.query = function query (queryMin, queryMax, visitor) {
            if (!this.intersects(queryMin, queryMax)) { return null }
            visitor.visitItem(this._item);
          };
          IntervalRTreeLeafNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          IntervalRTreeLeafNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return IntervalRTreeLeafNode
          };

          return IntervalRTreeLeafNode;
        }(IntervalRTreeNode));

        var IntervalRTreeBranchNode = (function (IntervalRTreeNode$$1) {
          function IntervalRTreeBranchNode () {
            IntervalRTreeNode$$1.call(this);
            this._node1 = null;
            this._node2 = null;
            var n1 = arguments[0];
            var n2 = arguments[1];
            this._node1 = n1;
            this._node2 = n2;
            this.buildExtent(this._node1, this._node2);
          }

          if ( IntervalRTreeNode$$1 ) { IntervalRTreeBranchNode.__proto__ = IntervalRTreeNode$$1; }
          IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype = Object.create( IntervalRTreeNode$$1 && IntervalRTreeNode$$1.prototype );
          IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype.constructor = IntervalRTreeBranchNode;
          IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype.buildExtent = function buildExtent (n1, n2) {
            this._min = Math.min(n1._min, n2._min);
            this._max = Math.max(n1._max, n2._max);
          };
          IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype.query = function query (queryMin, queryMax, visitor) {
            if (!this.intersects(queryMin, queryMax)) {
              return null
            }
            if (this._node1 !== null) { this._node1.query(queryMin, queryMax, visitor); }
            if (this._node2 !== null) { this._node2.query(queryMin, queryMax, visitor); }
          };
          IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          IntervalRTreeBranchNode.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return IntervalRTreeBranchNode
          };

          return IntervalRTreeBranchNode;
        }(IntervalRTreeNode));

        var SortedPackedIntervalRTree = function SortedPackedIntervalRTree () {
          this._leaves = new ArrayList();
          this._root = null;
          this._level = 0;
        };
        SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.buildTree = function buildTree () {
            var this$1 = this;

          Collections.sort(this._leaves, new IntervalRTreeNode.NodeComparator());
          var src = this._leaves;
          var temp = null;
          var dest = new ArrayList();
          while (true) {
            this$1.buildLevel(src, dest);
            if (dest.size() === 1) { return dest.get(0) }
            temp = src;
            src = dest;
            dest = temp;
          }
        };
        SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.insert = function insert (min, max, item) {
          if (this._root !== null) { throw new Error('Index cannot be added to once it has been queried') }
          this._leaves.add(new IntervalRTreeLeafNode(min, max, item));
        };
        SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.query = function query (min, max, visitor) {
          this.init();
          this._root.query(min, max, visitor);
        };
        SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.buildRoot = function buildRoot () {
          if (this._root !== null) { return null }
          this._root = this.buildTree();
        };
        SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.printNode = function printNode (node) {
          System.out.println(WKTWriter.toLineString(new Coordinate(node._min, this._level), new Coordinate(node._max, this._level)));
        };
        SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.init = function init () {
          if (this._root !== null) { return null }
          this.buildRoot();
        };
        SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.buildLevel = function buildLevel (src, dest) {
          this._level++;
          dest.clear();
          for (var i = 0; i < src.size(); i += 2) {
            var n1 = src.get(i);
            var n2 = i + 1 < src.size() ? src.get(i) : null;
            if (n2 === null) {
              dest.add(n1);
            } else {
              var node = new IntervalRTreeBranchNode(src.get(i), src.get(i + 1));
              dest.add(node);
            }
          }
        };
        SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        SortedPackedIntervalRTree.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SortedPackedIntervalRTree
        };

        var ArrayListVisitor = function ArrayListVisitor () {
          this._items = new ArrayList();
        };
        ArrayListVisitor.prototype.visitItem = function visitItem (item) {
          this._items.add(item);
        };
        ArrayListVisitor.prototype.getItems = function getItems () {
          return this._items
        };
        ArrayListVisitor.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [ItemVisitor]
        };
        ArrayListVisitor.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return ArrayListVisitor
        };

        var IndexedPointInAreaLocator = function IndexedPointInAreaLocator () {
          this._index = null;
          var g = arguments[0];
          if (!hasInterface(g, Polygonal)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException('Argument must be Polygonal') }
          this._index = new IntervalIndexedGeometry(g);
        };

        var staticAccessors$44 = { SegmentVisitor: { configurable: true },IntervalIndexedGeometry: { configurable: true } };
        IndexedPointInAreaLocator.prototype.locate = function locate (p) {
          var rcc = new RayCrossingCounter(p);
          var visitor = new SegmentVisitor(rcc);
          this._index.query(p.y, p.y, visitor);
          return rcc.getLocation()
        };
        IndexedPointInAreaLocator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [PointOnGeometryLocator]
        };
        IndexedPointInAreaLocator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return IndexedPointInAreaLocator
        };
        staticAccessors$44.SegmentVisitor.get = function () { return SegmentVisitor };
        staticAccessors$44.IntervalIndexedGeometry.get = function () { return IntervalIndexedGeometry };

        Object.defineProperties( IndexedPointInAreaLocator, staticAccessors$44 );

        var SegmentVisitor = function SegmentVisitor () {
          this._counter = null;
          var counter = arguments[0];
          this._counter = counter;
        };
        SegmentVisitor.prototype.visitItem = function visitItem (item) {
          var seg = item;
          this._counter.countSegment(seg.getCoordinate(0), seg.getCoordinate(1));
        };
        SegmentVisitor.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [ItemVisitor]
        };
        SegmentVisitor.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return SegmentVisitor
        };

        var IntervalIndexedGeometry = function IntervalIndexedGeometry () {
          this._index = new SortedPackedIntervalRTree();
          var geom = arguments[0];
          this.init(geom);
        };
        IntervalIndexedGeometry.prototype.init = function init (geom) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var lines = LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(geom);
          for (var i = lines.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var line = i.next();
            var pts = line.getCoordinates();
            this$1.addLine(pts);
          }
        };
        IntervalIndexedGeometry.prototype.addLine = function addLine (pts) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 1; i < pts.length; i++) {
            var seg = new LineSegment(pts[i - 1], pts[i]);
            var min = Math.min(seg.p0.y, seg.p1.y);
            var max = Math.max(seg.p0.y, seg.p1.y);
            this$1._index.insert(min, max, seg);
          }
        };
        IntervalIndexedGeometry.prototype.query = function query () {
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var min = arguments[0];
            var max = arguments[1];
            var visitor = new ArrayListVisitor();
            this._index.query(min, max, visitor);
            return visitor.getItems()
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var min$1 = arguments[0];
            var max$1 = arguments[1];
            var visitor$1 = arguments[2];
            this._index.query(min$1, max$1, visitor$1);
          }
        };
        IntervalIndexedGeometry.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        IntervalIndexedGeometry.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return IntervalIndexedGeometry
        };

        var GeometryGraph = (function (PlanarGraph$$1) {
          function GeometryGraph () {
            PlanarGraph$$1.call(this);
            this._parentGeom = null;
            this._lineEdgeMap = new HashMap();
            this._boundaryNodeRule = null;
            this._useBoundaryDeterminationRule = true;
            this._argIndex = null;
            this._boundaryNodes = null;
            this._hasTooFewPoints = false;
            this._invalidPoint = null;
            this._areaPtLocator = null;
            this._ptLocator = new PointLocator();
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var argIndex = arguments[0];
              var parentGeom = arguments[1];
              var boundaryNodeRule = BoundaryNodeRule.OGC_SFS_BOUNDARY_RULE;
              this._argIndex = argIndex;
              this._parentGeom = parentGeom;
              this._boundaryNodeRule = boundaryNodeRule;
              if (parentGeom !== null) {
                this.add(parentGeom);
              }
            } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
              var argIndex$1 = arguments[0];
              var parentGeom$1 = arguments[1];
              var boundaryNodeRule$1 = arguments[2];
              this._argIndex = argIndex$1;
              this._parentGeom = parentGeom$1;
              this._boundaryNodeRule = boundaryNodeRule$1;
              if (parentGeom$1 !== null) {
                this.add(parentGeom$1);
              }
            }
          }

          if ( PlanarGraph$$1 ) { GeometryGraph.__proto__ = PlanarGraph$$1; }
          GeometryGraph.prototype = Object.create( PlanarGraph$$1 && PlanarGraph$$1.prototype );
          GeometryGraph.prototype.constructor = GeometryGraph;
          GeometryGraph.prototype.insertBoundaryPoint = function insertBoundaryPoint (argIndex, coord) {
            var n = this._nodes.addNode(coord);
            var lbl = n.getLabel();
            var boundaryCount = 1;
            var loc = Location.NONE;
            loc = lbl.getLocation(argIndex, Position.ON);
            if (loc === Location.BOUNDARY) { boundaryCount++; }
            var newLoc = GeometryGraph.determineBoundary(this._boundaryNodeRule, boundaryCount);
            lbl.setLocation(argIndex, newLoc);
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.computeSelfNodes = function computeSelfNodes () {
            if (arguments.length === 2) {
              var li = arguments[0];
              var computeRingSelfNodes = arguments[1];
              return this.computeSelfNodes(li, computeRingSelfNodes, false)
            } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
              var li$1 = arguments[0];
              var computeRingSelfNodes$1 = arguments[1];
              var isDoneIfProperInt = arguments[2];
              var si = new SegmentIntersector$2(li$1, true, false);
              si.setIsDoneIfProperInt(isDoneIfProperInt);
              var esi = this.createEdgeSetIntersector();
              var isRings = this._parentGeom instanceof LinearRing || this._parentGeom instanceof Polygon || this._parentGeom instanceof MultiPolygon;
              var computeAllSegments = computeRingSelfNodes$1 || !isRings;
              esi.computeIntersections(this._edges, si, computeAllSegments);
              this.addSelfIntersectionNodes(this._argIndex);
              return si
            }
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.computeSplitEdges = function computeSplitEdges (edgelist) {
            for (var i = this._edges.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var e = i.next();
              e.eiList.addSplitEdges(edgelist);
            }
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.computeEdgeIntersections = function computeEdgeIntersections (g, li, includeProper) {
            var si = new SegmentIntersector$2(li, includeProper, true);
            si.setBoundaryNodes(this.getBoundaryNodes(), g.getBoundaryNodes());
            var esi = this.createEdgeSetIntersector();
            esi.computeIntersections(this._edges, g._edges, si);
            return si
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.getGeometry = function getGeometry () {
            return this._parentGeom
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.getBoundaryNodeRule = function getBoundaryNodeRule () {
            return this._boundaryNodeRule
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.hasTooFewPoints = function hasTooFewPoints () {
            return this._hasTooFewPoints
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.addPoint = function addPoint () {
            if (arguments[0] instanceof Point$1) {
              var p = arguments[0];
              var coord = p.getCoordinate();
              this.insertPoint(this._argIndex, coord, Location.INTERIOR);
            } else if (arguments[0] instanceof Coordinate) {
              var pt = arguments[0];
              this.insertPoint(this._argIndex, pt, Location.INTERIOR);
            }
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.addPolygon = function addPolygon (p) {
            var this$1 = this;

            this.addPolygonRing(p.getExteriorRing(), Location.EXTERIOR, Location.INTERIOR);
            for (var i = 0; i < p.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
              var hole = p.getInteriorRingN(i);
              this$1.addPolygonRing(hole, Location.INTERIOR, Location.EXTERIOR);
            }
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.addEdge = function addEdge (e) {
            this.insertEdge(e);
            var coord = e.getCoordinates();
            this.insertPoint(this._argIndex, coord[0], Location.BOUNDARY);
            this.insertPoint(this._argIndex, coord[coord.length - 1], Location.BOUNDARY);
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.addLineString = function addLineString (line) {
            var coord = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(line.getCoordinates());
            if (coord.length < 2) {
              this._hasTooFewPoints = true;
              this._invalidPoint = coord[0];
              return null
            }
            var e = new Edge(coord, new Label(this._argIndex, Location.INTERIOR));
            this._lineEdgeMap.put(line, e);
            this.insertEdge(e);
            Assert.isTrue(coord.length >= 2, 'found LineString with single point');
            this.insertBoundaryPoint(this._argIndex, coord[0]);
            this.insertBoundaryPoint(this._argIndex, coord[coord.length - 1]);
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.getInvalidPoint = function getInvalidPoint () {
            return this._invalidPoint
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.getBoundaryPoints = function getBoundaryPoints () {
            var coll = this.getBoundaryNodes();
            var pts = new Array(coll.size()).fill(null);
            var i = 0;
            for (var it = coll.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var node = it.next();
              pts[i++] = node.getCoordinate().copy();
            }
            return pts
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.getBoundaryNodes = function getBoundaryNodes () {
            if (this._boundaryNodes === null) { this._boundaryNodes = this._nodes.getBoundaryNodes(this._argIndex); }
            return this._boundaryNodes
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.addSelfIntersectionNode = function addSelfIntersectionNode (argIndex, coord, loc) {
            if (this.isBoundaryNode(argIndex, coord)) { return null }
            if (loc === Location.BOUNDARY && this._useBoundaryDeterminationRule) { this.insertBoundaryPoint(argIndex, coord); } else { this.insertPoint(argIndex, coord, loc); }
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.addPolygonRing = function addPolygonRing (lr, cwLeft, cwRight) {
            if (lr.isEmpty()) { return null }
            var coord = CoordinateArrays.removeRepeatedPoints(lr.getCoordinates());
            if (coord.length < 4) {
              this._hasTooFewPoints = true;
              this._invalidPoint = coord[0];
              return null
            }
            var left = cwLeft;
            var right = cwRight;
            if (CGAlgorithms.isCCW(coord)) {
              left = cwRight;
              right = cwLeft;
            }
            var e = new Edge(coord, new Label(this._argIndex, Location.BOUNDARY, left, right));
            this._lineEdgeMap.put(lr, e);
            this.insertEdge(e);
            this.insertPoint(this._argIndex, coord[0], Location.BOUNDARY);
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.insertPoint = function insertPoint (argIndex, coord, onLocation) {
            var n = this._nodes.addNode(coord);
            var lbl = n.getLabel();
            if (lbl === null) {
              n._label = new Label(argIndex, onLocation);
            } else { lbl.setLocation(argIndex, onLocation); }
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.createEdgeSetIntersector = function createEdgeSetIntersector () {
            return new SimpleMCSweepLineIntersector()
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.addSelfIntersectionNodes = function addSelfIntersectionNodes (argIndex) {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = this._edges.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var e = i.next();
              var eLoc = e.getLabel().getLocation(argIndex);
              for (var eiIt = e.eiList.iterator(); eiIt.hasNext();) {
                var ei = eiIt.next();
                this$1.addSelfIntersectionNode(argIndex, ei.coord, eLoc);
              }
            }
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.add = function add () {
            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var g = arguments[0];
              if (g.isEmpty()) { return null }
              if (g instanceof MultiPolygon) { this._useBoundaryDeterminationRule = false; }
              if (g instanceof Polygon) { this.addPolygon(g); }
              else if (g instanceof LineString) { this.addLineString(g); }
              else if (g instanceof Point$1) { this.addPoint(g); }
              else if (g instanceof MultiPoint) { this.addCollection(g); }
              else if (g instanceof MultiLineString) { this.addCollection(g); }
              else if (g instanceof MultiPolygon) { this.addCollection(g); }
              else if (g instanceof GeometryCollection) { this.addCollection(g); }
              else { throw new Error(g.getClass().getName()) }
            } else { return PlanarGraph$$1.prototype.add.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.addCollection = function addCollection (gc) {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = 0; i < gc.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
              var g = gc.getGeometryN(i);
              this$1.add(g);
            }
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.locate = function locate (pt) {
            if (hasInterface(this._parentGeom, Polygonal) && this._parentGeom.getNumGeometries() > 50) {
              if (this._areaPtLocator === null) {
                this._areaPtLocator = new IndexedPointInAreaLocator(this._parentGeom);
              }
              return this._areaPtLocator.locate(pt)
            }
            return this._ptLocator.locate(pt, this._parentGeom)
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.findEdge = function findEdge () {
            if (arguments.length === 1) {
              var line = arguments[0];
              return this._lineEdgeMap.get(line)
            } else { return PlanarGraph$$1.prototype.findEdge.apply(this, arguments) }
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          GeometryGraph.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return GeometryGraph
          };
          GeometryGraph.determineBoundary = function determineBoundary (boundaryNodeRule, boundaryCount) {
            return boundaryNodeRule.isInBoundary(boundaryCount) ? Location.BOUNDARY : Location.INTERIOR
          };

          return GeometryGraph;
        }(PlanarGraph));

        var GeometryGraphOp = function GeometryGraphOp () {
          this._li = new RobustLineIntersector();
          this._resultPrecisionModel = null;
          this._arg = null;
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var g0 = arguments[0];
            this.setComputationPrecision(g0.getPrecisionModel());
            this._arg = new Array(1).fill(null);
            this._arg[0] = new GeometryGraph(0, g0);
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var g0$1 = arguments[0];
            var g1 = arguments[1];
            var boundaryNodeRule = BoundaryNodeRule.OGC_SFS_BOUNDARY_RULE;
            if (g0$1.getPrecisionModel().compareTo(g1.getPrecisionModel()) >= 0) { this.setComputationPrecision(g0$1.getPrecisionModel()); } else { this.setComputationPrecision(g1.getPrecisionModel()); }
            this._arg = new Array(2).fill(null);
            this._arg[0] = new GeometryGraph(0, g0$1, boundaryNodeRule);
            this._arg[1] = new GeometryGraph(1, g1, boundaryNodeRule);
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var g0$2 = arguments[0];
            var g1$1 = arguments[1];
            var boundaryNodeRule$1 = arguments[2];
            if (g0$2.getPrecisionModel().compareTo(g1$1.getPrecisionModel()) >= 0) { this.setComputationPrecision(g0$2.getPrecisionModel()); } else { this.setComputationPrecision(g1$1.getPrecisionModel()); }
            this._arg = new Array(2).fill(null);
            this._arg[0] = new GeometryGraph(0, g0$2, boundaryNodeRule$1);
            this._arg[1] = new GeometryGraph(1, g1$1, boundaryNodeRule$1);
          }
        };
        GeometryGraphOp.prototype.getArgGeometry = function getArgGeometry (i) {
          return this._arg[i].getGeometry()
        };
        GeometryGraphOp.prototype.setComputationPrecision = function setComputationPrecision (pm) {
          this._resultPrecisionModel = pm;
          this._li.setPrecisionModel(this._resultPrecisionModel);
        };
        GeometryGraphOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GeometryGraphOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryGraphOp
        };

        // operation.geometrygraph

        var GeometryMapper = function GeometryMapper () {};

        GeometryMapper.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GeometryMapper.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryMapper
        };
        GeometryMapper.map = function map () {
          if (arguments[0] instanceof Geometry && hasInterface(arguments[1], GeometryMapper.MapOp)) {
            var geom = arguments[0];
            var op = arguments[1];
            var mapped = new ArrayList();
            for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
              var g = op.map(geom.getGeometryN(i));
              if (g !== null) { mapped.add(g); }
            }
            return geom.getFactory().buildGeometry(mapped)
          } else if (hasInterface(arguments[0], Collection) && hasInterface(arguments[1], GeometryMapper.MapOp)) {
            var geoms = arguments[0];
            var op$1 = arguments[1];
            var mapped$1 = new ArrayList();
            for (var i$1 = geoms.iterator(); i$1.hasNext();) {
              var g$1 = i$1.next();
              var gr = op$1.map(g$1);
              if (gr !== null) { mapped$1.add(gr); }
            }
            return mapped$1
          }
        };
        GeometryMapper.MapOp = function MapOp () {};

        var OverlayOp = (function (GeometryGraphOp) {
          function OverlayOp () {
            var g0 = arguments[0];
            var g1 = arguments[1];
            GeometryGraphOp.call(this, g0, g1);
            this._ptLocator = new PointLocator();
            this._geomFact = null;
            this._resultGeom = null;
            this._graph = null;
            this._edgeList = new EdgeList();
            this._resultPolyList = new ArrayList();
            this._resultLineList = new ArrayList();
            this._resultPointList = new ArrayList();
            this._graph = new PlanarGraph(new OverlayNodeFactory());
            this._geomFact = g0.getFactory();
          }

          if ( GeometryGraphOp ) { OverlayOp.__proto__ = GeometryGraphOp; }
          OverlayOp.prototype = Object.create( GeometryGraphOp && GeometryGraphOp.prototype );
          OverlayOp.prototype.constructor = OverlayOp;
          OverlayOp.prototype.insertUniqueEdge = function insertUniqueEdge (e) {
            var existingEdge = this._edgeList.findEqualEdge(e);
            if (existingEdge !== null) {
              var existingLabel = existingEdge.getLabel();
              var labelToMerge = e.getLabel();
              if (!existingEdge.isPointwiseEqual(e)) {
                labelToMerge = new Label(e.getLabel());
                labelToMerge.flip();
              }
              var depth = existingEdge.getDepth();
              if (depth.isNull()) {
                depth.add(existingLabel);
              }
              depth.add(labelToMerge);
              existingLabel.merge(labelToMerge);
            } else {
              this._edgeList.add(e);
            }
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.getGraph = function getGraph () {
            return this._graph
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.cancelDuplicateResultEdges = function cancelDuplicateResultEdges () {
            for (var it = this._graph.getEdgeEnds().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var de = it.next();
              var sym = de.getSym();
              if (de.isInResult() && sym.isInResult()) {
                de.setInResult(false);
                sym.setInResult(false);
              }
            }
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.isCoveredByLA = function isCoveredByLA (coord) {
            if (this.isCovered(coord, this._resultLineList)) { return true }
            if (this.isCovered(coord, this._resultPolyList)) { return true }
            return false
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.computeGeometry = function computeGeometry (resultPointList, resultLineList, resultPolyList, opcode) {
            var geomList = new ArrayList();
            geomList.addAll(resultPointList);
            geomList.addAll(resultLineList);
            geomList.addAll(resultPolyList);
            if (geomList.isEmpty()) { return OverlayOp.createEmptyResult(opcode, this._arg[0].getGeometry(), this._arg[1].getGeometry(), this._geomFact) }
            return this._geomFact.buildGeometry(geomList)
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.mergeSymLabels = function mergeSymLabels () {
            for (var nodeit = this._graph.getNodes().iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
              var node = nodeit.next();
              node.getEdges().mergeSymLabels();
            }
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.isCovered = function isCovered (coord, geomList) {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var it = geomList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var geom = it.next();
              var loc = this$1._ptLocator.locate(coord, geom);
              if (loc !== Location.EXTERIOR) { return true }
            }
            return false
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.replaceCollapsedEdges = function replaceCollapsedEdges () {
            var newEdges = new ArrayList();
            for (var it = this._edgeList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var e = it.next();
              if (e.isCollapsed()) {
                it.remove();
                newEdges.add(e.getCollapsedEdge());
              }
            }
            this._edgeList.addAll(newEdges);
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.updateNodeLabelling = function updateNodeLabelling () {
            for (var nodeit = this._graph.getNodes().iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
              var node = nodeit.next();
              var lbl = node.getEdges().getLabel();
              node.getLabel().merge(lbl);
            }
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.getResultGeometry = function getResultGeometry (overlayOpCode) {
            this.computeOverlay(overlayOpCode);
            return this._resultGeom
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.insertUniqueEdges = function insertUniqueEdges (edges) {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = edges.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var e = i.next();
              this$1.insertUniqueEdge(e);
            }
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.computeOverlay = function computeOverlay (opCode) {
            this.copyPoints(0);
            this.copyPoints(1);
            this._arg[0].computeSelfNodes(this._li, false);
            this._arg[1].computeSelfNodes(this._li, false);
            this._arg[0].computeEdgeIntersections(this._arg[1], this._li, true);
            var baseSplitEdges = new ArrayList();
            this._arg[0].computeSplitEdges(baseSplitEdges);
            this._arg[1].computeSplitEdges(baseSplitEdges);
            // const splitEdges = baseSplitEdges
            this.insertUniqueEdges(baseSplitEdges);
            this.computeLabelsFromDepths();
            this.replaceCollapsedEdges();
            EdgeNodingValidator.checkValid(this._edgeList.getEdges());
            this._graph.addEdges(this._edgeList.getEdges());
            this.computeLabelling();
            this.labelIncompleteNodes();
            this.findResultAreaEdges(opCode);
            this.cancelDuplicateResultEdges();
            var polyBuilder = new PolygonBuilder(this._geomFact);
            polyBuilder.add(this._graph);
            this._resultPolyList = polyBuilder.getPolygons();
            var lineBuilder = new LineBuilder(this, this._geomFact, this._ptLocator);
            this._resultLineList = lineBuilder.build(opCode);
            var pointBuilder = new PointBuilder(this, this._geomFact, this._ptLocator);
            this._resultPointList = pointBuilder.build(opCode);
            this._resultGeom = this.computeGeometry(this._resultPointList, this._resultLineList, this._resultPolyList, opCode);
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.labelIncompleteNode = function labelIncompleteNode (n, targetIndex) {
            var loc = this._ptLocator.locate(n.getCoordinate(), this._arg[targetIndex].getGeometry());
            n.getLabel().setLocation(targetIndex, loc);
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.copyPoints = function copyPoints (argIndex) {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var i = this._arg[argIndex].getNodeIterator(); i.hasNext();) {
              var graphNode = i.next();
              var newNode = this$1._graph.addNode(graphNode.getCoordinate());
              newNode.setLabel(argIndex, graphNode.getLabel().getLocation(argIndex));
            }
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.findResultAreaEdges = function findResultAreaEdges (opCode) {
            for (var it = this._graph.getEdgeEnds().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var de = it.next();
              var label = de.getLabel();
              if (label.isArea() && !de.isInteriorAreaEdge() && OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(label.getLocation(0, Position.RIGHT), label.getLocation(1, Position.RIGHT), opCode)) {
                de.setInResult(true);
              }
            }
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.computeLabelsFromDepths = function computeLabelsFromDepths () {
            for (var it = this._edgeList.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
              var e = it.next();
              var lbl = e.getLabel();
              var depth = e.getDepth();
              if (!depth.isNull()) {
                depth.normalize();
                for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
                  if (!lbl.isNull(i) && lbl.isArea() && !depth.isNull(i)) {
                    if (depth.getDelta(i) === 0) {
                      lbl.toLine(i);
                    } else {
                      Assert.isTrue(!depth.isNull(i, Position.LEFT), 'depth of LEFT side has not been initialized');
                      lbl.setLocation(i, Position.LEFT, depth.getLocation(i, Position.LEFT));
                      Assert.isTrue(!depth.isNull(i, Position.RIGHT), 'depth of RIGHT side has not been initialized');
                      lbl.setLocation(i, Position.RIGHT, depth.getLocation(i, Position.RIGHT));
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.computeLabelling = function computeLabelling () {
            var this$1 = this;

            for (var nodeit = this._graph.getNodes().iterator(); nodeit.hasNext();) {
              var node = nodeit.next();
              node.getEdges().computeLabelling(this$1._arg);
            }
            this.mergeSymLabels();
            this.updateNodeLabelling();
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.labelIncompleteNodes = function labelIncompleteNodes () {
            var this$1 = this;

            // let nodeCount = 0
            for (var ni = this._graph.getNodes().iterator(); ni.hasNext();) {
              var n = ni.next();
              var label = n.getLabel();
              if (n.isIsolated()) {
                // nodeCount++
                if (label.isNull(0)) { this$1.labelIncompleteNode(n, 0); } else { this$1.labelIncompleteNode(n, 1); }
              }
              n.getEdges().updateLabelling(label);
            }
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.isCoveredByA = function isCoveredByA (coord) {
            if (this.isCovered(coord, this._resultPolyList)) { return true }
            return false
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
            return []
          };
          OverlayOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
            return OverlayOp
          };

          return OverlayOp;
        }(GeometryGraphOp));

        OverlayOp.overlayOp = function (geom0, geom1, opCode) {
          var gov = new OverlayOp(geom0, geom1);
          var geomOv = gov.getResultGeometry(opCode);
          return geomOv
        };
        OverlayOp.intersection = function (g, other) {
          if (g.isEmpty() || other.isEmpty()) { return OverlayOp.createEmptyResult(OverlayOp.INTERSECTION, g, other, g.getFactory()) }
          if (g.isGeometryCollection()) {
            var g2 = other;
            return GeometryCollectionMapper.map(g, {
              interfaces_: function () {
                return [GeometryMapper.MapOp]
              },
              map: function (g) {
                return g.intersection(g2)
              }
            })
          }
          g.checkNotGeometryCollection(g);
          g.checkNotGeometryCollection(other);
          return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g, other, OverlayOp.INTERSECTION)
        };
        OverlayOp.symDifference = function (g, other) {
          if (g.isEmpty() || other.isEmpty()) {
            if (g.isEmpty() && other.isEmpty()) { return OverlayOp.createEmptyResult(OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE, g, other, g.getFactory()) }
            if (g.isEmpty()) { return other.copy() }
            if (other.isEmpty()) { return g.copy() }
          }
          g.checkNotGeometryCollection(g);
          g.checkNotGeometryCollection(other);
          return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g, other, OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE)
        };
        OverlayOp.resultDimension = function (opCode, g0, g1) {
          var dim0 = g0.getDimension();
          var dim1 = g1.getDimension();
          var resultDimension = -1;
          switch (opCode) {
            case OverlayOp.INTERSECTION:
              resultDimension = Math.min(dim0, dim1);
              break
            case OverlayOp.UNION:
              resultDimension = Math.max(dim0, dim1);
              break
            case OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE:
              resultDimension = dim0;
              break
            case OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE:
              resultDimension = Math.max(dim0, dim1);
              break
          }
          return resultDimension
        };
        OverlayOp.createEmptyResult = function (overlayOpCode, a, b, geomFact) {
          var result = null;
          switch (OverlayOp.resultDimension(overlayOpCode, a, b)) {
            case -1:
              result = geomFact.createGeometryCollection(new Array(0).fill(null));
              break
            case 0:
              result = geomFact.createPoint();
              break
            case 1:
              result = geomFact.createLineString();
              break
            case 2:
              result = geomFact.createPolygon();
              break
          }
          return result
        };
        OverlayOp.difference = function (g, other) {
          if (g.isEmpty()) { return OverlayOp.createEmptyResult(OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE, g, other, g.getFactory()) }
          if (other.isEmpty()) { return g.copy() }
          g.checkNotGeometryCollection(g);
          g.checkNotGeometryCollection(other);
          return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g, other, OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE)
        };
        OverlayOp.isResultOfOp = function () {
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var label = arguments[0];
            var opCode = arguments[1];
            var loc0 = label.getLocation(0);
            var loc1 = label.getLocation(1);
            return OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(loc0, loc1, opCode)
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var loc0$1 = arguments[0];
            var loc1$1 = arguments[1];
            var overlayOpCode = arguments[2];
            if (loc0$1 === Location.BOUNDARY) { loc0$1 = Location.INTERIOR; }
            if (loc1$1 === Location.BOUNDARY) { loc1$1 = Location.INTERIOR; }
            switch (overlayOpCode) {
              case OverlayOp.INTERSECTION:
                return loc0$1 === Location.INTERIOR && loc1$1 === Location.INTERIOR
              case OverlayOp.UNION:
                return loc0$1 === Location.INTERIOR || loc1$1 === Location.INTERIOR
              case OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE:
                return loc0$1 === Location.INTERIOR && loc1$1 !== Location.INTERIOR
              case OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE:
                return (loc0$1 === Location.INTERIOR && loc1$1 !== Location.INTERIOR) || (loc0$1 !== Location.INTERIOR && loc1$1 === Location.INTERIOR)
            }
            return false
          }
        };
        OverlayOp.INTERSECTION = 1;
        OverlayOp.UNION = 2;
        OverlayOp.DIFFERENCE = 3;
        OverlayOp.SYMDIFFERENCE = 4;

        var FuzzyPointLocator = function FuzzyPointLocator () {
          this._g = null;
          this._boundaryDistanceTolerance = null;
          this._linework = null;
          this._ptLocator = new PointLocator();
          this._seg = new LineSegment();
          var g = arguments[0];
          var boundaryDistanceTolerance = arguments[1];
          this._g = g;
          this._boundaryDistanceTolerance = boundaryDistanceTolerance;
          this._linework = this.extractLinework(g);
        };
        FuzzyPointLocator.prototype.isWithinToleranceOfBoundary = function isWithinToleranceOfBoundary (pt) {
            var this$1 = this;

          for (var i = 0; i < this._linework.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var line = this$1._linework.getGeometryN(i);
            var seq = line.getCoordinateSequence();
            for (var j = 0; j < seq.size() - 1; j++) {
              seq.getCoordinate(j, this$1._seg.p0);
              seq.getCoordinate(j + 1, this$1._seg.p1);
              var dist = this$1._seg.distance(pt);
              if (dist <= this$1._boundaryDistanceTolerance) { return true }
            }
          }
          return false
        };
        FuzzyPointLocator.prototype.getLocation = function getLocation (pt) {
          if (this.isWithinToleranceOfBoundary(pt)) { return Location.BOUNDARY }
          return this._ptLocator.locate(pt, this._g)
        };
        FuzzyPointLocator.prototype.extractLinework = function extractLinework (g) {
          var extracter = new PolygonalLineworkExtracter();
          g.apply(extracter);
          var linework = extracter.getLinework();
          var lines = GeometryFactory.toLineStringArray(linework);
          return g.getFactory().createMultiLineString(lines)
        };
        FuzzyPointLocator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        FuzzyPointLocator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return FuzzyPointLocator
        };

        var PolygonalLineworkExtracter = function PolygonalLineworkExtracter () {
          this._linework = null;
          this._linework = new ArrayList();
        };
        PolygonalLineworkExtracter.prototype.getLinework = function getLinework () {
          return this._linework
        };
        PolygonalLineworkExtracter.prototype.filter = function filter (g) {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (g instanceof Polygon) {
            var poly = g;
            this._linework.add(poly.getExteriorRing());
            for (var i = 0; i < poly.getNumInteriorRing(); i++) {
              this$1._linework.add(poly.getInteriorRingN(i));
            }
          }
        };
        PolygonalLineworkExtracter.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return [GeometryFilter]
        };
        PolygonalLineworkExtracter.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return PolygonalLineworkExtracter
        };

        var OffsetPointGenerator = function OffsetPointGenerator () {
          this._g = null;
          this._doLeft = true;
          this._doRight = true;
          var g = arguments[0];
          this._g = g;
        };
        OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.extractPoints = function extractPoints (line, offsetDistance, offsetPts) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var pts = line.getCoordinates();
          for (var i = 0; i < pts.length - 1; i++) {
            this$1.computeOffsetPoints(pts[i], pts[i + 1], offsetDistance, offsetPts);
          }
        };
        OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.setSidesToGenerate = function setSidesToGenerate (doLeft, doRight) {
          this._doLeft = doLeft;
          this._doRight = doRight;
        };
        OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.getPoints = function getPoints (offsetDistance) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var offsetPts = new ArrayList();
          var lines = LinearComponentExtracter.getLines(this._g);
          for (var i = lines.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var line = i.next();
            this$1.extractPoints(line, offsetDistance, offsetPts);
          }
          return offsetPts
        };
        OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.computeOffsetPoints = function computeOffsetPoints (p0, p1, offsetDistance, offsetPts) {
          var dx = p1.x - p0.x;
          var dy = p1.y - p0.y;
          var len = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
          var ux = offsetDistance * dx / len;
          var uy = offsetDistance * dy / len;
          var midX = (p1.x + p0.x) / 2;
          var midY = (p1.y + p0.y) / 2;
          if (this._doLeft) {
            var offsetLeft = new Coordinate(midX - uy, midY + ux);
            offsetPts.add(offsetLeft);
          }
          if (this._doRight) {
            var offsetRight = new Coordinate(midX + uy, midY - ux);
            offsetPts.add(offsetRight);
          }
        };
        OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        OffsetPointGenerator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return OffsetPointGenerator
        };

        var OverlayResultValidator = function OverlayResultValidator () {
          this._geom = null;
          this._locFinder = null;
          this._location = new Array(3).fill(null);
          this._invalidLocation = null;
          this._boundaryDistanceTolerance = OverlayResultValidator.TOLERANCE;
          this._testCoords = new ArrayList();
          var a = arguments[0];
          var b = arguments[1];
          var result = arguments[2];
          this._boundaryDistanceTolerance = OverlayResultValidator.computeBoundaryDistanceTolerance(a, b);
          this._geom = [a, b, result];
          this._locFinder = [new FuzzyPointLocator(this._geom[0], this._boundaryDistanceTolerance), new FuzzyPointLocator(this._geom[1], this._boundaryDistanceTolerance), new FuzzyPointLocator(this._geom[2], this._boundaryDistanceTolerance)];
        };

        var staticAccessors$46 = { TOLERANCE: { configurable: true } };
        OverlayResultValidator.prototype.reportResult = function reportResult (overlayOp, location, expectedInterior) {
          System.out.println('Overlay result invalid - A:' + Location.toLocationSymbol(location[0]) + ' B:' + Location.toLocationSymbol(location[1]) + ' expected:' + (expectedInterior ? 'i' : 'e') + ' actual:' + Location.toLocationSymbol(location[2]));
        };
        OverlayResultValidator.prototype.isValid = function isValid (overlayOp) {
          this.addTestPts(this._geom[0]);
          this.addTestPts(this._geom[1]);
          var isValid = this.checkValid(overlayOp);
          return isValid
        };
        OverlayResultValidator.prototype.checkValid = function checkValid () {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var overlayOp = arguments[0];
            for (var i = 0; i < this._testCoords.size(); i++) {
              var pt = this$1._testCoords.get(i);
              if (!this$1.checkValid(overlayOp, pt)) {
                this$1._invalidLocation = pt;
                return false
              }
            }
            return true
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var overlayOp$1 = arguments[0];
            var pt$1 = arguments[1];
            this._location[0] = this._locFinder[0].getLocation(pt$1);
            this._location[1] = this._locFinder[1].getLocation(pt$1);
            this._location[2] = this._locFinder[2].getLocation(pt$1);
            if (OverlayResultValidator.hasLocation(this._location, Location.BOUNDARY)) { return true }
            return this.isValidResult(overlayOp$1, this._location)
          }
        };
        OverlayResultValidator.prototype.addTestPts = function addTestPts (g) {
          var ptGen = new OffsetPointGenerator(g);
          this._testCoords.addAll(ptGen.getPoints(5 * this._boundaryDistanceTolerance));
        };
        OverlayResultValidator.prototype.isValidResult = function isValidResult (overlayOp, location) {
          var expectedInterior = OverlayOp.isResultOfOp(location[0], location[1], overlayOp);
          var resultInInterior = location[2] === Location.INTERIOR;
          var isValid = !(expectedInterior ^ resultInInterior);
          if (!isValid) { this.reportResult(overlayOp, location, expectedInterior); }
          return isValid
        };
        OverlayResultValidator.prototype.getInvalidLocation = function getInvalidLocation () {
          return this._invalidLocation
        };
        OverlayResultValidator.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        OverlayResultValidator.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return OverlayResultValidator
        };
        OverlayResultValidator.hasLocation = function hasLocation (location, loc) {
          for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            if (location[i] === loc) { return true }
          }
          return false
        };
        OverlayResultValidator.computeBoundaryDistanceTolerance = function computeBoundaryDistanceTolerance (g0, g1) {
          return Math.min(GeometrySnapper.computeSizeBasedSnapTolerance(g0), GeometrySnapper.computeSizeBasedSnapTolerance(g1))
        };
        OverlayResultValidator.isValid = function isValid (a, b, overlayOp, result) {
          var validator = new OverlayResultValidator(a, b, result);
          return validator.isValid(overlayOp)
        };
        staticAccessors$46.TOLERANCE.get = function () { return 0.000001 };

        Object.defineProperties( OverlayResultValidator, staticAccessors$46 );

        // operation.overlay

        var GeometryCombiner = function GeometryCombiner (geoms) {
          this._geomFactory = null;
          this._skipEmpty = false;
          this._inputGeoms = null;
          this._geomFactory = GeometryCombiner.extractFactory(geoms);
          this._inputGeoms = geoms;
        };
        GeometryCombiner.prototype.extractElements = function extractElements (geom, elems) {
            var this$1 = this;

          if (geom === null) { return null }
          for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var elemGeom = geom.getGeometryN(i);
            if (this$1._skipEmpty && elemGeom.isEmpty()) { continue }
            elems.add(elemGeom);
          }
        };
        GeometryCombiner.prototype.combine = function combine () {
            var this$1 = this;

          var elems = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = this._inputGeoms.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var g = i.next();
            this$1.extractElements(g, elems);
          }
          if (elems.size() === 0) {
            if (this._geomFactory !== null) {
              return this._geomFactory.createGeometryCollection(null)
            }
            return null
          }
          return this._geomFactory.buildGeometry(elems)
        };
        GeometryCombiner.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        GeometryCombiner.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return GeometryCombiner
        };
        GeometryCombiner.combine = function combine () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geoms = arguments[0];
            var combiner = new GeometryCombiner(geoms);
            return combiner.combine()
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var g0 = arguments[0];
            var g1 = arguments[1];
            var combiner$1 = new GeometryCombiner(GeometryCombiner.createList(g0, g1));
            return combiner$1.combine()
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var g0$1 = arguments[0];
            var g1$1 = arguments[1];
            var g2 = arguments[2];
            var combiner$2 = new GeometryCombiner(GeometryCombiner.createList(g0$1, g1$1, g2));
            return combiner$2.combine()
          }
        };
        GeometryCombiner.extractFactory = function extractFactory (geoms) {
          if (geoms.isEmpty()) { return null }
          return geoms.iterator().next().getFactory()
        };
        GeometryCombiner.createList = function createList () {
          if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var obj0 = arguments[0];
            var obj1 = arguments[1];
            var list = new ArrayList();
            list.add(obj0);
            list.add(obj1);
            return list
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var obj0$1 = arguments[0];
            var obj1$1 = arguments[1];
            var obj2 = arguments[2];
            var list$1 = new ArrayList();
            list$1.add(obj0$1);
            list$1.add(obj1$1);
            list$1.add(obj2);
            return list$1
          }
        };

        var CascadedPolygonUnion = function CascadedPolygonUnion () {
          this._inputPolys = null;
          this._geomFactory = null;
          var polys = arguments[0];
          this._inputPolys = polys;
          if (this._inputPolys === null) { this._inputPolys = new ArrayList(); }
        };

        var staticAccessors$47 = { STRTREE_NODE_CAPACITY: { configurable: true } };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.reduceToGeometries = function reduceToGeometries (geomTree) {
            var this$1 = this;

          var geoms = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = geomTree.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var o = i.next();
            var geom = null;
            if (hasInterface(o, List)) {
              geom = this$1.unionTree(o);
            } else if (o instanceof Geometry) {
              geom = o;
            }
            geoms.add(geom);
          }
          return geoms
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.extractByEnvelope = function extractByEnvelope (env, geom, disjointGeoms) {
          var intersectingGeoms = new ArrayList();
          for (var i = 0; i < geom.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
            var elem = geom.getGeometryN(i);
            if (elem.getEnvelopeInternal().intersects(env)) { intersectingGeoms.add(elem); } else { disjointGeoms.add(elem); }
          }
          return this._geomFactory.buildGeometry(intersectingGeoms)
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.unionOptimized = function unionOptimized (g0, g1) {
          var g0Env = g0.getEnvelopeInternal();
          var g1Env = g1.getEnvelopeInternal();
          if (!g0Env.intersects(g1Env)) {
            var combo = GeometryCombiner.combine(g0, g1);
            return combo
          }
          if (g0.getNumGeometries() <= 1 && g1.getNumGeometries() <= 1) { return this.unionActual(g0, g1) }
          var commonEnv = g0Env.intersection(g1Env);
          return this.unionUsingEnvelopeIntersection(g0, g1, commonEnv)
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.union = function union () {
          if (this._inputPolys === null) { throw new Error('union() method cannot be called twice') }
          if (this._inputPolys.isEmpty()) { return null }
          this._geomFactory = this._inputPolys.iterator().next().getFactory();
          var index = new STRtree(CascadedPolygonUnion.STRTREE_NODE_CAPACITY);
          for (var i = this._inputPolys.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var item = i.next();
            index.insert(item.getEnvelopeInternal(), item);
          }
          this._inputPolys = null;
          var itemTree = index.itemsTree();
          var unionAll = this.unionTree(itemTree);
          return unionAll
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.binaryUnion = function binaryUnion () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geoms = arguments[0];
            return this.binaryUnion(geoms, 0, geoms.size())
          } else if (arguments.length === 3) {
            var geoms$1 = arguments[0];
            var start = arguments[1];
            var end = arguments[2];
            if (end - start <= 1) {
              var g0 = CascadedPolygonUnion.getGeometry(geoms$1, start);
              return this.unionSafe(g0, null)
            } else if (end - start === 2) {
              return this.unionSafe(CascadedPolygonUnion.getGeometry(geoms$1, start), CascadedPolygonUnion.getGeometry(geoms$1, start + 1))
            } else {
              var mid = Math.trunc((end + start) / 2);
              var g0$1 = this.binaryUnion(geoms$1, start, mid);
              var g1 = this.binaryUnion(geoms$1, mid, end);
              return this.unionSafe(g0$1, g1)
            }
          }
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.repeatedUnion = function repeatedUnion (geoms) {
          var union = null;
          for (var i = geoms.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            var g = i.next();
            if (union === null) { union = g.copy(); } else { union = union.union(g); }
          }
          return union
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.unionSafe = function unionSafe (g0, g1) {
          if (g0 === null && g1 === null) { return null }
          if (g0 === null) { return g1.copy() }
          if (g1 === null) { return g0.copy() }
          return this.unionOptimized(g0, g1)
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.unionActual = function unionActual (g0, g1) {
          return CascadedPolygonUnion.restrictToPolygons(g0.union(g1))
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.unionTree = function unionTree (geomTree) {
          var geoms = this.reduceToGeometries(geomTree);
          var union = this.binaryUnion(geoms);
          return union
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.unionUsingEnvelopeIntersection = function unionUsingEnvelopeIntersection (g0, g1, common) {
          var disjointPolys = new ArrayList();
          var g0Int = this.extractByEnvelope(common, g0, disjointPolys);
          var g1Int = this.extractByEnvelope(common, g1, disjointPolys);
          var union = this.unionActual(g0Int, g1Int);
          disjointPolys.add(union);
          var overallUnion = GeometryCombiner.combine(disjointPolys);
          return overallUnion
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.bufferUnion = function bufferUnion () {
          if (arguments.length === 1) {
            var geoms = arguments[0];
            var factory = geoms.get(0).getFactory();
            var gColl = factory.buildGeometry(geoms);
            var unionAll = gColl.buffer(0.0);
            return unionAll
          } else if (arguments.length === 2) {
            var g0 = arguments[0];
            var g1 = arguments[1];
            var factory$1 = g0.getFactory();
            var gColl$1 = factory$1.createGeometryCollection([g0, g1]);
            var unionAll$1 = gColl$1.buffer(0.0);
            return unionAll$1
          }
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return CascadedPolygonUnion
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.restrictToPolygons = function restrictToPolygons (g) {
          if (hasInterface(g, Polygonal)) {
            return g
          }
          var polygons = PolygonExtracter.getPolygons(g);
          if (polygons.size() === 1) { return polygons.get(0) }
          return g.getFactory().createMultiPolygon(GeometryFactory.toPolygonArray(polygons))
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.getGeometry = function getGeometry (list, index) {
          if (index >= list.size()) { return null }
          return list.get(index)
        };
        CascadedPolygonUnion.union = function union (polys) {
          var op = new CascadedPolygonUnion(polys);
          return op.union()
        };
        staticAccessors$47.STRTREE_NODE_CAPACITY.get = function () { return 4 };

        Object.defineProperties( CascadedPolygonUnion, staticAccessors$47 );

        var UnionOp = function UnionOp () {};

        UnionOp.prototype.interfaces_ = function interfaces_ () {
          return []
        };
        UnionOp.prototype.getClass = function getClass () {
          return UnionOp
        };
        UnionOp.union = function union (g, other) {
          if (g.isEmpty() || other.isEmpty()) {
            if (g.isEmpty() && other.isEmpty()) { return OverlayOp.createEmptyResult(OverlayOp.UNION, g, other, g.getFactory()) }
            if (g.isEmpty()) { return other.copy() }
            if (other.isEmpty()) { return g.copy() }
          }
          g.checkNotGeometryCollection(g);
          g.checkNotGeometryCollection(other);
          return SnapIfNeededOverlayOp.overlayOp(g, other, OverlayOp.UNION)
        };

        /**
         * Earth Radius used with the Harvesine formula and approximates using a spherical (non-ellipsoid) Earth.
         */

        /**
         * Wraps a GeoJSON {@link Geometry} in a GeoJSON {@link Feature}.
         *
         * @name feature
         * @param {Geometry} geometry input geometry
         * @param {Object} [properties={}] an Object of key-value pairs to add as properties
         * @param {Object} [options={}] Optional Parameters
         * @param {Array<number>} [options.bbox] Bounding Box Array [west, south, east, north] associated with the Feature
         * @param {string|number} [options.id] Identifier associated with the Feature
         * @returns {Feature} a GeoJSON Feature
         * @example
         * var geometry = {
         *   "type": "Point",
         *   "coordinates": [110, 50]
         * };
         *
         * var feature = turf.feature(geometry);
         *
         * //=feature
         */
        function feature$1(geometry, properties, options) {
            // Optional Parameters
            options = options || {};
            if (!isObject$4(options)) { throw new Error('options is invalid'); }
            var bbox = options.bbox;
            var id = options.id;

            // Validation
            if (geometry === undefined) { throw new Error('geometry is required'); }
            if (properties && properties.constructor !== Object) { throw new Error('properties must be an Object'); }
            if (bbox) { validateBBox(bbox); }
            if (id) { validateId(id); }

            // Main
            var feat = {type: 'Feature'};
            if (id) { feat.id = id; }
            if (bbox) { feat.bbox = bbox; }
            feat.properties = properties || {};
            feat.geometry = geometry;
            return feat;
        }

        /**
         * isNumber
         *
         * @param {*} num Number to validate
         * @returns {boolean} true/false
         * @example
         * turf.isNumber(123)
         * //=true
         * turf.isNumber('foo')
         * //=false
         */
        function isNumber$1(num) {
            return !isNaN(num) && num !== null && !Array.isArray(num);
        }

        /**
         * isObject
         *
         * @param {*} input variable to validate
         * @returns {boolean} true/false
         * @example
         * turf.isObject({elevation: 10})
         * //=true
         * turf.isObject('foo')
         * //=false
         */
        function isObject$4(input) {
            return (!!input) && (input.constructor === Object);
        }

        /**
         * Validate BBox
         *
         * @private
         * @param {Array<number>} bbox BBox to validate
         * @returns {void}
         * @throws Error if BBox is not valid
         * @example
         * validateBBox([-180, -40, 110, 50])
         * //=OK
         * validateBBox([-180, -40])
         * //=Error
         * validateBBox('Foo')
         * //=Error
         * validateBBox(5)
         * //=Error
         * validateBBox(null)
         * //=Error
         * validateBBox(undefined)
         * //=Error
         */
        function validateBBox(bbox) {
            if (!bbox) { throw new Error('bbox is required'); }
            if (!Array.isArray(bbox)) { throw new Error('bbox must be an Array'); }
            if (bbox.length !== 4 && bbox.length !== 6) { throw new Error('bbox must be an Array of 4 or 6 numbers'); }
            bbox.forEach(function (num) {
                if (!isNumber$1(num)) { throw new Error('bbox must only contain numbers'); }
            });
        }

        /**
         * Validate Id
         *
         * @private
         * @param {string|number} id Id to validate
         * @returns {void}
         * @throws Error if Id is not valid
         * @example
         * validateId([-180, -40, 110, 50])
         * //=Error
         * validateId([-180, -40])
         * //=Error
         * validateId('Foo')
         * //=OK
         * validateId(5)
         * //=OK
         * validateId(null)
         * //=Error
         * validateId(undefined)
         * //=Error
         */
        function validateId(id) {
            if (!id) { throw new Error('id is required'); }
            if (['string', 'number'].indexOf(typeof id) === -1) { throw new Error('id must be a number or a string'); }
        }

        /**
         * Callback for geomEach
         *
         * @callback geomEachCallback
         * @param {Geometry} currentGeometry The current Geometry being processed.
         * @param {number} featureIndex The current index of the Feature being processed.
         * @param {Object} featureProperties The current Feature Properties being processed.
         * @param {Array<number>} featureBBox The current Feature BBox being processed.
         * @param {number|string} featureId The current Feature Id being processed.
         */

        /**
         * Iterate over each geometry in any GeoJSON object, similar to Array.forEach()
         *
         * @name geomEach
         * @param {FeatureCollection|Feature|Geometry} geojson any GeoJSON object
         * @param {Function} callback a method that takes (currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId)
         * @returns {void}
         * @example
         * var features = turf.featureCollection([
         *     turf.point([26, 37], {foo: 'bar'}),
         *     turf.point([36, 53], {hello: 'world'})
         * ]);
         *
         * turf.geomEach(features, function (currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) {
         *   //=currentGeometry
         *   //=featureIndex
         *   //=featureProperties
         *   //=featureBBox
         *   //=featureId
         * });
         */
        function geomEach(geojson, callback) {
            var i, j, g, geometry, stopG,
                geometryMaybeCollection,
                isGeometryCollection,
                featureProperties,
                featureBBox,
                featureId,
                featureIndex = 0,
                isFeatureCollection = geojson.type === 'FeatureCollection',
                isFeature = geojson.type === 'Feature',
                stop = isFeatureCollection ? geojson.features.length : 1;

            // This logic may look a little weird. The reason why it is that way
            // is because it's trying to be fast. GeoJSON supports multiple kinds
            // of objects at its root: FeatureCollection, Features, Geometries.
            // This function has the responsibility of handling all of them, and that
            // means that some of the `for` loops you see below actually just don't apply
            // to certain inputs. For instance, if you give this just a
            // Point geometry, then both loops are short-circuited and all we do
            // is gradually rename the input until it's called 'geometry'.
            //
            // This also aims to allocate as few resources as possible: just a
            // few numbers and booleans, rather than any temporary arrays as would
            // be required with the normalization approach.
            for (i = 0; i < stop; i++) {

                geometryMaybeCollection = (isFeatureCollection ? geojson.features[i].geometry :
                    (isFeature ? geojson.geometry : geojson));
                featureProperties = (isFeatureCollection ? geojson.features[i].properties :
                    (isFeature ? geojson.properties : {}));
                featureBBox = (isFeatureCollection ? geojson.features[i].bbox :
                    (isFeature ? geojson.bbox : undefined));
                featureId = (isFeatureCollection ? geojson.features[i].id :
                    (isFeature ? geojson.id : undefined));
                isGeometryCollection = (geometryMaybeCollection) ? geometryMaybeCollection.type === 'GeometryCollection' : false;
                stopG = isGeometryCollection ? geometryMaybeCollection.geometries.length : 1;

                for (g = 0; g < stopG; g++) {
                    geometry = isGeometryCollection ?
                        geometryMaybeCollection.geometries[g] : geometryMaybeCollection;

                    // Handle null Geometry
                    if (geometry === null) {
                        if (callback(null, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) === false) { return false; }
                        continue;
                    }
                    switch (geometry.type) {
                    case 'Point':
                    case 'LineString':
                    case 'MultiPoint':
                    case 'Polygon':
                    case 'MultiLineString':
                    case 'MultiPolygon': {
                        if (callback(geometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) === false) { return false; }
                        break;
                    }
                    case 'GeometryCollection': {
                        for (j = 0; j < geometry.geometries.length; j++) {
                            if (callback(geometry.geometries[j], featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) === false) { return false; }
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                    default:
                        throw new Error('Unknown Geometry Type');
                    }
                }
                // Only increase `featureIndex` per each feature
                featureIndex++;
            }
        }

        /**
         * Callback for geomReduce
         *
         * The first time the callback function is called, the values provided as arguments depend
         * on whether the reduce method has an initialValue argument.
         *
         * If an initialValue is provided to the reduce method:
         *  - The previousValue argument is initialValue.
         *  - The currentValue argument is the value of the first element present in the array.
         *
         * If an initialValue is not provided:
         *  - The previousValue argument is the value of the first element present in the array.
         *  - The currentValue argument is the value of the second element present in the array.
         *
         * @callback geomReduceCallback
         * @param {*} previousValue The accumulated value previously returned in the last invocation
         * of the callback, or initialValue, if supplied.
         * @param {Geometry} currentGeometry The current Geometry being processed.
         * @param {number} featureIndex The current index of the Feature being processed.
         * @param {Object} featureProperties The current Feature Properties being processed.
         * @param {Array<number>} featureBBox The current Feature BBox being processed.
         * @param {number|string} featureId The current Feature Id being processed.
         */

        /**
         * Reduce geometry in any GeoJSON object, similar to Array.reduce().
         *
         * @name geomReduce
         * @param {FeatureCollection|Feature|Geometry} geojson any GeoJSON object
         * @param {Function} callback a method that takes (previousValue, currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId)
         * @param {*} [initialValue] Value to use as the first argument to the first call of the callback.
         * @returns {*} The value that results from the reduction.
         * @example
         * var features = turf.featureCollection([
         *     turf.point([26, 37], {foo: 'bar'}),
         *     turf.point([36, 53], {hello: 'world'})
         * ]);
         *
         * turf.geomReduce(features, function (previousValue, currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) {
         *   //=previousValue
         *   //=currentGeometry
         *   //=featureIndex
         *   //=featureProperties
         *   //=featureBBox
         *   //=featureId
         *   return currentGeometry
         * });
         */
        function geomReduce(geojson, callback, initialValue) {
            var previousValue = initialValue;
            geomEach(geojson, function (currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId) {
                if (featureIndex === 0 && initialValue === undefined) { previousValue = currentGeometry; }
                else { previousValue = callback(previousValue, currentGeometry, featureIndex, featureProperties, featureBBox, featureId); }
            });
            return previousValue;
        }

        /**
         * Callback for flattenEach
         *
         * @callback flattenEachCallback
         * @param {Feature} currentFeature The current flattened feature being processed.
         * @param {number} featureIndex The current index of the Feature being processed.
         * @param {number} multiFeatureIndex The current index of the Multi-Feature being processed.
         */

        /**
         * Iterate over flattened features in any GeoJSON object, similar to
         * Array.forEach.
         *
         * @name flattenEach
         * @param {FeatureCollection|Feature|Geometry} geojson any GeoJSON object
         * @param {Function} callback a method that takes (currentFeature, featureIndex, multiFeatureIndex)
         * @example
         * var features = turf.featureCollection([
         *     turf.point([26, 37], {foo: 'bar'}),
         *     turf.multiPoint([[40, 30], [36, 53]], {hello: 'world'})
         * ]);
         *
         * turf.flattenEach(features, function (currentFeature, featureIndex, multiFeatureIndex) {
         *   //=currentFeature
         *   //=featureIndex
         *   //=multiFeatureIndex
         * });
         */
        function flattenEach(geojson, callback) {
            geomEach(geojson, function (geometry, featureIndex, properties, bbox, id) {
                // Callback for single geometry
                var type = (geometry === null) ? null : geometry.type;
                switch (type) {
                case null:
                case 'Point':
                case 'LineString':
                case 'Polygon':
                    if (callback(feature$1(geometry, properties, {bbox: bbox, id: id}), featureIndex, 0) === false) { return false; }
                    return;
                }

                var geomType;

                // Callback for multi-geometry
                switch (type) {
                case 'MultiPoint':
                    geomType = 'Point';
                    break;
                case 'MultiLineString':
                    geomType = 'LineString';
                    break;
                case 'MultiPolygon':
                    geomType = 'Polygon';
                    break;
                }

                for (var multiFeatureIndex = 0; multiFeatureIndex < geometry.coordinates.length; multiFeatureIndex++) {
                    var coordinate = geometry.coordinates[multiFeatureIndex];
                    var geom = {
                        type: geomType,
                        coordinates: coordinate
                    };
                    if (callback(feature$1(geom, properties), featureIndex, multiFeatureIndex) === false) { return false; }
                }
            });
        }

        /**
         * Takes one or more features and returns their area in square meters.
         *
         * @name area
         * @param {GeoJSON} geojson input GeoJSON feature(s)
         * @returns {number} area in square meters
         * @example
         * var polygon = turf.polygon([[[125, -15], [113, -22], [154, -27], [144, -15], [125, -15]]]);
         *
         * var area = turf.area(polygon);
         *
         * //addToMap
         * var addToMap = [polygon]
         * polygon.properties.area = area
         */
        function area(geojson) {
            return geomReduce(geojson, function (value, geom) {
                return value + calculateArea(geom);
            }, 0);
        }

        var RADIUS$1 = 6378137;
        // var FLATTENING_DENOM = 298.257223563;
        // var FLATTENING = 1 / FLATTENING_DENOM;
        // var POLAR_RADIUS = RADIUS * (1 - FLATTENING);

        /**
         * Calculate Area
         *
         * @private
         * @param {GeoJSON} geojson GeoJSON
         * @returns {number} area
         */
        function calculateArea(geojson) {
            var area = 0, i;
            switch (geojson.type) {
            case 'Polygon':
                return polygonArea$1(geojson.coordinates);
            case 'MultiPolygon':
                for (i = 0; i < geojson.coordinates.length; i++) {
                    area += polygonArea$1(geojson.coordinates[i]);
                }
                return area;
            case 'Point':
            case 'MultiPoint':
            case 'LineString':
            case 'MultiLineString':
                return 0;
            case 'GeometryCollection':
                for (i = 0; i < geojson.geometries.length; i++) {
                    area += calculateArea(geojson.geometries[i]);
                }
                return area;
            }
        }

        function polygonArea$1(coords) {
            var area = 0;
            if (coords && coords.length > 0) {
                area += Math.abs(ringArea$1(coords[0]));
                for (var i = 1; i < coords.length; i++) {
                    area -= Math.abs(ringArea$1(coords[i]));
                }
            }
            return area;
        }

        /**
         * @private
         * Calculate the approximate area of the polygon were it projected onto the earth.
         * Note that this area will be positive if ring is oriented clockwise, otherwise it will be negative.
         *
         * Reference:
         * Robert. G. Chamberlain and William H. Duquette, "Some Algorithms for Polygons on a Sphere", JPL Publication 07-03, Jet Propulsion
         * Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, June 2007 http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/40409
         *
         * @param {Array<Array<number>>} coords Ring Coordinates
         * @returns {number} The approximate signed geodesic area of the polygon in square meters.
         */
        function ringArea$1(coords) {
            var p1;
            var p2;
            var p3;
            var lowerIndex;
            var middleIndex;
            var upperIndex;
            var i;
            var area = 0;
            var coordsLength = coords.length;

            if (coordsLength > 2) {
                for (i = 0; i < coordsLength; i++) {
                    if (i === coordsLength - 2) { // i = N-2
                        lowerIndex = coordsLength - 2;
                        middleIndex = coordsLength - 1;
                        upperIndex = 0;
                    } else if (i === coordsLength - 1) { // i = N-1
                        lowerIndex = coordsLength - 1;
                        middleIndex = 0;
                        upperIndex = 1;
                    } else { // i = 0 to N-3
                        lowerIndex = i;
                        middleIndex = i + 1;
                        upperIndex = i + 2;
                    }
                    p1 = coords[lowerIndex];
                    p2 = coords[middleIndex];
                    p3 = coords[upperIndex];
                    area += (rad$1(p3[0]) - rad$1(p1[0])) * Math.sin(rad$1(p2[1]));
                }

                area = area * RADIUS$1 * RADIUS$1 / 2;
            }

            return area;
        }

        function rad$1(_) {
            return _ * Math.PI / 180;
        }

        /**
         * Get Geometry from Feature or Geometry Object
         *
         * @param {Feature|Geometry} geojson GeoJSON Feature or Geometry Object
         * @returns {Geometry|null} GeoJSON Geometry Object
         * @throws {Error} if geojson is not a Feature or Geometry Object
         * @example
         * var point = {
         *   "type": "Feature",
         *   "properties": {},
         *   "geometry": {
         *     "type": "Point",
         *     "coordinates": [110, 40]
         *   }
         * }
         * var geom = turf.getGeom(point)
         * //={"type": "Point", "coordinates": [110, 40]}
         */
        function getGeom(geojson) {
            if (!geojson) { throw new Error('geojson is required'); }
            if (geojson.geometry !== undefined) { return geojson.geometry; }
            if (geojson.coordinates || geojson.geometries) { return geojson; }
            throw new Error('geojson must be a valid Feature or Geometry Object');
        }

        /**
         * Finds the difference between two {@link Polygon|polygons} by clipping the second polygon from the first.
         *
         * @name difference
         * @param {Feature<Polygon|MultiPolygon>} polygon1 input Polygon feature
         * @param {Feature<Polygon|MultiPolygon>} polygon2 Polygon feature to difference from polygon1
         * @returns {Feature<Polygon|MultiPolygon>|null} a Polygon or MultiPolygon feature showing the area of `polygon1` excluding the area of `polygon2` (if empty returns `null`)
         * @example
         * var polygon1 = turf.polygon([[
         *   [128, -26],
         *   [141, -26],
         *   [141, -21],
         *   [128, -21],
         *   [128, -26]
         * ]], {
         *   "fill": "#F00",
         *   "fill-opacity": 0.1
         * });
         * var polygon2 = turf.polygon([[
         *   [126, -28],
         *   [140, -28],
         *   [140, -20],
         *   [126, -20],
         *   [126, -28]
         * ]], {
         *   "fill": "#00F",
         *   "fill-opacity": 0.1
         * });
         *
         * var difference = turf.difference(polygon1, polygon2);
         *
         * //addToMap
         * var addToMap = [polygon1, polygon2, difference];
         */
        function difference(polygon1, polygon2) {
            var geom1 = getGeom(polygon1);
            var geom2 = getGeom(polygon2);
            var properties = polygon1.properties || {};

            // Issue #721 - JSTS can't handle empty polygons
            geom1 = removeEmptyPolygon(geom1);
            geom2 = removeEmptyPolygon(geom2);
            if (!geom1) { return null; }
            if (!geom2) { return feature$1(geom1, properties); }

            // JSTS difference operation
            var reader = new GeoJSONReader();
            var a = reader.read(geom1);
            var b = reader.read(geom2);
            var differenced = OverlayOp.difference(a, b);
            if (differenced.isEmpty()) { return null; }
            var writer = new GeoJSONWriter();
            var geom = writer.write(differenced);

            return feature$1(geom, properties);
        }

        /**
         * Detect Empty Polygon
         *
         * @private
         * @param {Geometry<Polygon|MultiPolygon>} geom Geometry Object
         * @returns {Geometry<Polygon|MultiPolygon>|null} removed any polygons with no areas
         */
        function removeEmptyPolygon(geom) {
            switch (geom.type) {
            case 'Polygon':
                if (area(geom) > 1) { return geom; }
                return null;
            case 'MultiPolygon':
                var coordinates = [];
                flattenEach(geom, function (feature$$1) {
                    if (area(feature$$1) > 1) { coordinates.push(feature$$1.geometry.coordinates); }
                });
                if (coordinates.length) { return {type: 'MultiPolygon', coordinates: coordinates}; }
            }
        }

        /**
         * Takes two or more {@link Polygon|polygons} and returns a combined polygon. If the input polygons are not contiguous, this function returns a {@link MultiPolygon} feature.
         *
         * @name union
         * @param {...Feature<Polygon>} A polygon to combine
         * @returns {Feature<(Polygon|MultiPolygon)>} a combined {@link Polygon} or {@link MultiPolygon} feature
         * @example
         * var poly1 = turf.polygon([[
         *     [-82.574787, 35.594087],
         *     [-82.574787, 35.615581],
         *     [-82.545261, 35.615581],
         *     [-82.545261, 35.594087],
         *     [-82.574787, 35.594087]
         * ]], {"fill": "#0f0"});
         * var poly2 = turf.polygon([[
         *     [-82.560024, 35.585153],
         *     [-82.560024, 35.602602],
         *     [-82.52964, 35.602602],
         *     [-82.52964, 35.585153],
         *     [-82.560024, 35.585153]
         * ]], {"fill": "#00f"});
         *
         * var union = turf.union(poly1, poly2);
         *
         * //addToMap
         * var addToMap = [poly1, poly2, union];
         */
        function union$1() {
            var arguments$1 = arguments;

            var reader = new GeoJSONReader();
            var result = reader.read(JSON.stringify(arguments[0].geometry));

            for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
                result = UnionOp.union(result, reader.read(JSON.stringify(arguments$1[i].geometry)));
            }

            var writer = new GeoJSONWriter();
            result = writer.write(result);

            return {
                type: 'Feature',
                geometry: result,
                properties: arguments[0].properties
            };
        }

        // Reduce an array of locations into a single GeoJSON feature
        function _locationReducer(accumulator, location) {
          /* eslint-disable no-console, no-invalid-this */
          var result;
          try {
            var resolved = this.resolveLocation(location);
            if (!resolved || !resolved.feature) {
              console.warn(("Warning:  Couldn't resolve location \"" + location + "\""));
              return accumulator;
            }
            result = !accumulator ? resolved.feature : union$1(accumulator, resolved.feature);
          } catch (e) {
            console.warn(("Warning:  Error resolving location \"" + location + "\""));
            console.warn(e);
            result = accumulator;
          }

          return result;
          /* eslint-enable no-console, no-invalid-this */
        }



        function _cloneDeep(obj) {
          return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
        }


        var defaultExport = function defaultExport(fc) {
          var this$1 = this;

          this._cache = {};

          // process input FeatureCollection
          if (fc && fc.type === 'FeatureCollection' && Array.isArray(fc.features)) {
            fc.features.forEach(function (feature) {
              feature.properties = feature.properties || {};
              var props = feature.properties;

              // get `id` from either `id` or `properties`
              var id = feature.id || props.id;
              if (!id || !/^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(id)) { return; }

              // ensure id exists and is lowercase
              id = id.toLowerCase();
              feature.id = id;
              props.id = id;

              // ensure area property exists
              if (!props.area) {
                var area = geojsonArea.geometry(feature.geometry) / 1e6;// m² to km²
                props.area = Number(area.toFixed(2));
              }

              this$1._cache[id] = feature;
            });
          }

          // Replace CountryCoder world geometry to have a polygon covering the world.
          var world = _cloneDeep(feature('Q2'));
          world.geometry = {
            type: 'Polygon',
            coordinates: [[[-180, -90], [180, -90], [180, 90], [-180, 90], [-180, -90]]]
          };
          world.id = 'Q2';
          world.properties.id = 'Q2';
          world.properties.area = geojsonArea.geometry(world.geometry) / 1e6;// m² to km²
          this._cache.Q2 = world;
        };


        // validateLocation
        //
        // Pass a `location` identifier
        // Returns a result like
        // {
        //   type:   'point', 'geojson', or 'countrycoder'
        //   location:the queried location
        //   id:      a unique identifier
        // }
        //or `null` if the location is invalid
        //
        defaultExport.prototype.validateLocation = function validateLocation (location) {
          if (Array.isArray(location)) { // a [lon,lat] coordinate pair?
            if (location.length === 2 && Number.isFinite(location[0]) && Number.isFinite(location[1]) &&
              location[0] >= -180 && location[0] <= 180 && location[1] >= -90 && location[1] <= 90
            ) {
              var id = '[' + location.toString() + ']';
              return { type: 'point', location: location, id: id };
            }

          } else if (typeof location === 'string' && /^\S+\.geojson$/i.test(location)) { // a .geojson filename?
            var id$1 = location.toLowerCase();
            if (this._cache[id$1]) {
              return { type: 'geojson', location: location, id: id$1 };
            }

          } else if (typeof location === 'string' || typeof location === 'number') { // a country-coder value?
            var feature$1 = feature(location);
            if (feature$1) {
              // Use wikidata QID as the identifier, since that seems to be the only
              // property that everything in CountryCoder is guaranteed to have.
              var id$2 = feature$1.properties.wikidata;
              return { type: 'countrycoder', location: location, id: id$2 };
            }
          }

          return null;
        };


        // resolveLocation
        //
        // Pass a `location` identifier
        // Returns a result like
        // {
        //   type:    'point', 'geojson', or 'countrycoder'
        //   location:the queried location
        //   id:      a unique identifier
        //   feature: the geojson feature
        // }
        //or `null` if the location is invalid
        //
        defaultExport.prototype.resolveLocation = function resolveLocation (location) {
          var valid = this.validateLocation(location);
          if (!valid) { return null; }

          // return a result from cache if we can
          if (this._cache[valid.id]) {
            return Object.assign(valid, { feature: this._cache[valid.id] });
          }

          // a [lon,lat] coordinate pair?
          if (valid.type === 'point') {
            var RADIUS = 25000;// meters
            var EDGES = 10;
            var PRECISION = 3;
            var area = Math.PI * RADIUS * RADIUS / 1e6;   // m² to km²
            var feature$1 = this._cache[valid.id] = geojsonPrecision({
              type: 'Feature',
              id: valid.id,
              properties: { id: valid.id, area: Number(area.toFixed(2)) },
              geometry: circleToPolygon(location, RADIUS, EDGES)
            }, PRECISION);
            return Object.assign(valid, { feature: feature$1 });

          // a .geojson filename?
          } else if (valid.type === 'geojson') ; else if (valid.type === 'countrycoder') {
            var feature$1$1 = _cloneDeep(feature(valid.id));
            var props = feature$1$1.properties;

            // -> This block of code is weird and requires some explanation. <-
            // CountryCoder includes higher level features which are made up of members.
            // These features don't have their own geometry, but CountryCoder provides an
            // `aggregateFeature` method to combine these members into a MultiPolygon.
            // BUT, when we try to actually work with these aggregated MultiPolygons,
            // Turf/JSTS gets crashy because of topography bugs.
            // SO, we'll aggregate the features ourselves by unioning them together.
            // This approach also has the benefit of removing all the internal boaders and
            // simplifying the regional polygons a lot.
            if (Array.isArray(props.members)) {
              var seed = feature$1$1.geometry ? feature$1$1 : null;
              var aggregate = props.members.reduce(_locationReducer.bind(this), seed);
              feature$1$1.geometry = aggregate.geometry;
            }

            // ensure area property exists
            if (!props.area) {
              var area$1 = geojsonArea.geometry(feature$1$1.geometry) / 1e6;// m² to km²
              props.area = Number(area$1.toFixed(2));
            }

            // ensure id property exists
            feature$1$1.id = valid.id;
            props.id = valid.id;

            this._cache[valid.id] = feature$1$1;
            return Object.assign(valid, { feature: feature$1$1 });
          }

          return null;
        };


        // resolveLocationSet
        //
        // Pass a `locationSet` Object like:
        // `{ include: [ Array ], exclude: [ Array ] }`
        // Returns a stable identifier string of the form:
        // "+[included]-[excluded]"
        //
        defaultExport.prototype.resolveLocationSet = function resolveLocationSet (locationSet) {
          locationSet = locationSet || {};
          var resolve = this.resolveLocation.bind(this);
          var include = (locationSet.include || []).map(resolve).filter(Boolean);
          var exclude = (locationSet.exclude || []).map(resolve).filter(Boolean);

          if (!include.length) {
            include = [resolve('Q2')]; // default to 'the world'
          }

          // return quickly if it's a single included location..
          if (include.length === 1 && exclude.length === 0) {
            return include[0].feature;
          }

          // generate stable identifier
          include.sort(sortFeatures);
          var id = '+[' + include.map(function (d) { return d.id; }).join(',') + ']';
          if (exclude.length) {
            exclude.sort(sortFeatures);
            id += '-[' + exclude.map(function (d) { return d.id; }).join(',') + ']';
          }

          // return cached?
          if (this._cache[id]) {
            return this._cache[id];
          }

          // calculate unions
          var includeGeoJSON = include.map(function (d) { return d.location; }).reduce(_locationReducer.bind(this), null);
          var excludeGeoJSON = exclude.map(function (d) { return d.location; }).reduce(_locationReducer.bind(this), null);

          // calculate difference, update area and return result
          var resultGeoJSON = excludeGeoJSON ? difference(includeGeoJSON, excludeGeoJSON) : includeGeoJSON;
          var area = geojsonArea.geometry(resultGeoJSON.geometry) / 1e6;// m² to km²
          resultGeoJSON.id = id;
          resultGeoJSON.properties = { id: id, area: Number(area.toFixed(2)) };

          return this._cache[id] = resultGeoJSON;


          // Sorting the location lists is ok because they end up unioned together.
          // This sorting makes it possible to generate a deterministic id.
          function sortFeatures(a, b) {
            var rank = { countrycoder: 1, geojson: 2, point: 3 };
            var aRank = rank[a.type];
            var bRank = rank[b.type];

            return (aRank > bRank) ? 1
              : (aRank < bRank) ? -1
              : a.id.localeCompare(b.id);
          }
        };


        defaultExport.prototype.cache = function cache () {
          return this._cache;
        };

        var _oci = null;

        function uiSuccess(context) {
          var MAXEVENTS = 2;
          var dispatch$1 = dispatch('cancel');
          var _changeset;
          var _location;
          ensureOSMCommunityIndex();   // start fetching the data


          function ensureOSMCommunityIndex() {
            var data = _mainFileFetcher;
            return Promise.all([ data.get('oci_resources'), data.get('oci_features') ])
              .then(function (vals) {
                if (_oci) { return _oci; }

                var ociResources = vals[0].resources;
                var loco = new defaultExport(vals[1]);
                var ociFeatures = {};

                Object.values(ociResources).forEach(function (resource) {
                  var feature = loco.resolveLocationSet(resource.locationSet);
                  var ociFeature = ociFeatures[feature.id];
                  if (!ociFeature) {
                    ociFeature = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(feature));  // deep clone
                    ociFeature.properties.resourceIDs = new Set();
                    ociFeatures[feature.id] = ociFeature;
                  }
                  ociFeature.properties.resourceIDs.add(resource.id);
                });

                return _oci = {
                  features: ociFeatures,
                  resources: ociResources,
                  query: whichPolygon_1({ type: 'FeatureCollection', features: Object.values(ociFeatures) })
                };
              });
          }


          // string-to-date parsing in JavaScript is weird
          function parseEventDate(when) {
            if (!when) { return; }

            var raw = when.trim();
            if (!raw) { return; }

            if (!/Z$/.test(raw)) {   // if no trailing 'Z', add one
              raw += 'Z';            // this forces date to be parsed as a UTC date
            }

            var parsed = new Date(raw);
            return new Date(parsed.toUTCString().substr(0, 25));  // convert to local timezone
          }


          function success(selection) {
            var header = selection
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'header fillL');

            header
              .append('h3')
              .text(_t('success.just_edited'));

            header
              .append('button')
              .attr('class', 'close')
              .on('click', function () { return dispatch$1.call('cancel'); })
              .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));

            var body = selection
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'body save-success fillL');

            var summary = body
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'save-summary');

            summary
              .append('h3')
              .text(_t('success.thank_you' + (_location ? '_location' : ''), { where: _location }));

            summary
              .append('p')
              .text(_t('success.help_html'))
              .append('a')
              .attr('class', 'link-out')
              .attr('target', '_blank')
              .attr('tabindex', -1)
              .attr('href', _t('success.help_link_url'))
              .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
              .append('span')
              .text(_t('success.help_link_text'));

            var osm = context.connection();
            if (!osm) { return; }

            var changesetURL = osm.changesetURL(_changeset.id);

            var table = summary
              .append('table')
              .attr('class', 'summary-table');

            var row = table
              .append('tr')
              .attr('class', 'summary-row');

            row
              .append('td')
              .attr('class', 'cell-icon summary-icon')
              .append('a')
              .attr('target', '_blank')
              .attr('href', changesetURL)
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'logo-small')
              .append('use')
              .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-osm');

            var summaryDetail = row
              .append('td')
              .attr('class', 'cell-detail summary-detail');

            summaryDetail
              .append('a')
              .attr('class', 'cell-detail summary-view-on-osm')
              .attr('target', '_blank')
              .attr('href', changesetURL)
              .text(_t('success.view_on_osm'));

            summaryDetail
              .append('div')
              .html(_t('success.changeset_id', {
                changeset_id: ("<a href=\"" + changesetURL + "\" target=\"_blank\">" + (_changeset.id) + "</a>")
              }));


            // Get OSM community index features intersecting the map..
            ensureOSMCommunityIndex()
              .then(function (oci) {
                var communities = [];
                var properties = oci.query(context.map().center(), true) || [];

                // Gather the communities from the result
                properties.forEach(function (props) {
                  var resourceIDs = Array.from(props.resourceIDs);
                  resourceIDs.forEach(function (resourceID) {
                    var resource = oci.resources[resourceID];
                    communities.push({
                      area: props.area || Infinity,
                      order: resource.order || 0,
                      resource: resource
                    });
                  });
                });

                // sort communities by feature area ascending, community order descending
                communities.sort(function (a, b) { return a.area - b.area || b.order - a.order; });

                body
                  .call(showCommunityLinks, communities.map(function (c) { return c.resource; }));
              });
          }


          function showCommunityLinks(selection, resources) {
            var communityLinks = selection
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'save-communityLinks');

            communityLinks
              .append('h3')
              .text(_t('success.like_osm'));

            var table = communityLinks
              .append('table')
              .attr('class', 'community-table');

            var row = table.selectAll('.community-row')
              .data(resources);

            var rowEnter = row.enter()
              .append('tr')
              .attr('class', 'community-row');

            rowEnter
              .append('td')
              .attr('class', 'cell-icon community-icon')
              .append('a')
              .attr('target', '_blank')
              .attr('href', function (d) { return d.url; })
              .append('svg')
              .attr('class', 'logo-small')
              .append('use')
              .attr('xlink:href', function (d) { return ("#community-" + (d.type)); });

            var communityDetail = rowEnter
              .append('td')
              .attr('class', 'cell-detail community-detail');

            communityDetail
              .each(showCommunityDetails);

            communityLinks
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'community-missing')
              .text(_t('success.missing'))
              .append('a')
              .attr('class', 'link-out')
              .attr('target', '_blank')
              .attr('tabindex', -1)
              .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
              .attr('href', 'https://github.com/osmlab/osm-community-index/issues')
              .append('span')
              .text(_t('success.tell_us'));
          }


          function showCommunityDetails(d) {
            var selection = select(this);
            var communityID = d.id;
            var replacements = {
              url: linkify(d.url),
              signupUrl: linkify(d.signupUrl || d.url)
            };

            selection
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'community-name')
              .append('a')
              .attr('target', '_blank')
              .attr('href', d.url)
              .text(_t(("community." + (d.id) + ".name")));

            var descriptionHTML = _t(("community." + (d.id) + ".description"), replacements);

            if (d.type === 'reddit') {   // linkify subreddits  #4997
              descriptionHTML = descriptionHTML
                .replace(/(\/r\/\w*\/*)/i, function (match) { return linkify(d.url, match); });
            }

            selection
              .append('div')
              .attr('class', 'community-description')
              .html(descriptionHTML);

            if (d.extendedDescription || (d.languageCodes && d.languageCodes.length)) {
              selection
                .append('div')
                .call(uiDisclosure(context, ("community-more-" + (d.id)), false)
                  .expanded(false)
                  .updatePreference(false)
                  .title(_t('success.more'))
                  .content(showMore)
                );
            }

            var nextEvents = (d.events || [])
              .map(function (event) {
                event.date = parseEventDate(event.when);
                return event;
              })
              .filter(function (event) {      // date is valid and future (or today)
                var t = event.date.getTime();
                var now = (new Date()).setHours(0,0,0,0);
                return !isNaN(t) && t >= now;
              })
              .sort(function (a, b) {       // sort by date ascending
                return a.date < b.date ? -1 : a.date > b.date ? 1 : 0;
              })
              .slice(0, MAXEVENTS);   // limit number of events shown

            if (nextEvents.length) {
              selection
                .append('div')
                .call(uiDisclosure(context, ("community-events-" + (d.id)), false)
                  .expanded(false)
                  .updatePreference(false)
                  .title(_t('success.events'))
                  .content(showNextEvents)
                )
                .select('.hide-toggle')
                .append('span')
                .attr('class', 'badge-text')
                .text(nextEvents.length);
            }


            function showMore(selection) {
              var more = selection.selectAll('.community-more')
                .data([0]);

              var moreEnter = more.enter()
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'community-more');

              if (d.extendedDescription) {
                moreEnter
                  .append('div')
                  .attr('class', 'community-extended-description')
                  .html(_t(("community." + (d.id) + ".extendedDescription"), replacements));
              }

              if (d.languageCodes && d.languageCodes.length) {
                var languageList = d.languageCodes
                  .map(function (code) { return _mainLocalizer.languageName(code); })
                  .join(', ');

                moreEnter
                  .append('div')
                  .attr('class', 'community-languages')
                  .text(_t('success.languages', { languages: languageList }));
              }
            }


            function showNextEvents(selection) {
              var events = selection
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'community-events');

              var item = events.selectAll('.community-event')
                .data(nextEvents);

              var itemEnter = item.enter()
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'community-event');

              itemEnter
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'community-event-name')
                .append('a')
                .attr('target', '_blank')
                .attr('href', function (d) { return d.url; })
                .text(function (d) {
                  var name = d.name;
                  if (d.i18n && d.id) {
                    name = _t(("community." + communityID + ".events." + (d.id) + ".name"), { default: name });
                  }
                  return name;
                });

              itemEnter
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'community-event-when')
                .text(function (d) {
                  var options = { weekday: 'short', day: 'numeric', month: 'short', year: 'numeric' };
                  if (d.date.getHours() || d.date.getMinutes()) {   // include time if it has one
                    options.hour = 'numeric';
                    options.minute = 'numeric';
                  }
                  return d.date.toLocaleString(_mainLocalizer.localeCode(), options);
                });

              itemEnter
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'community-event-where')
                .text(function (d) {
                  var where = d.where;
                  if (d.i18n && d.id) {
                    where = _t(("community." + communityID + ".events." + (d.id) + ".where"), { default: where });
                  }
                  return where;
                });

              itemEnter
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'community-event-description')
                .text(function (d) {
                  var description = d.description;
                  if (d.i18n && d.id) {
                    description = _t(("community." + communityID + ".events." + (d.id) + ".description"), { default: description });
                  }
                  return description;
                });
            }


            function linkify(url, text) {
              text = text || url;
              return ("<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"" + url + "\">" + text + "</a>");
            }
          }


          success.changeset = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _changeset; }
            _changeset = val;
            return success;
          };


          success.location = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _location; }
            _location = val;
            return success;
          };


          return utilRebind(success, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function modeSave(context) {
            var mode = { id: 'save' };
            var keybinding = utilKeybinding('modeSave');

            var commit = uiCommit(context)
                .on('cancel', cancel);
            var _conflictsUi; // uiConflicts

            var _location;
            var _success;

            var uploader = context.uploader()
                .on('saveStarted.modeSave', function() {
                    keybindingOff();
                })
                // fire off some async work that we want to be ready later
                .on('willAttemptUpload.modeSave', prepareForSuccess)
                .on('progressChanged.modeSave', showProgress)
                .on('resultNoChanges.modeSave', function() {
                    cancel();
                })
                .on('resultErrors.modeSave', showErrors)
                .on('resultConflicts.modeSave', showConflicts)
                .on('resultSuccess.modeSave', showSuccess);


            function cancel() {
                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
            }


            function showProgress(num, total) {
                var modal = context.container().select('.loading-modal .modal-section');
                var progress = modal.selectAll('.progress')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter/update
                progress.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'progress')
                    .merge(progress)
                    .text(_t('save.conflict_progress', { num: num, total: total }));
            }


            function showConflicts(changeset, conflicts, origChanges) {

                var selection = context.container()
                    .select('.sidebar')
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class','sidebar-component');

                context.container().selectAll('.main-content')
                    .classed('active', true)
                    .classed('inactive', false);

                _conflictsUi = uiConflicts(context)
                    .conflictList(conflicts)
                    .origChanges(origChanges)
                    .on('cancel', function() {
                        context.container().selectAll('.main-content')
                            .classed('active', false)
                            .classed('inactive', true);
                        selection.remove();
                        keybindingOn();

                        uploader.cancelConflictResolution();
                    })
                    .on('save', function() {
                        context.container().selectAll('.main-content')
                            .classed('active', false)
                            .classed('inactive', true);
                        selection.remove();

                        uploader.processResolvedConflicts(changeset);
                    });

                selection.call(_conflictsUi);
            }


            function showErrors(errors) {
                keybindingOn();

                var selection = uiConfirm(context.container());
                selection
                    .select('.modal-section.header')
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(_t('save.error'));

                addErrors(selection, errors);
                selection.okButton();
            }


            function addErrors(selection, data) {
                var message = selection
                    .select('.modal-section.message-text');

                var items = message
                    .selectAll('.error-container')
                    .data(data);

                var enter = items.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'error-container');

                enter
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'error-description')
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .classed('hide-toggle', true)
                    .text(function(d) { return d.msg || _t('save.unknown_error_details'); })
                    .on('click', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();

                        var error = select(this);
                        var detail = select(this.nextElementSibling);
                        var exp = error.classed('expanded');

                        detail.style('display', exp ? 'none' : 'block');
                        error.classed('expanded', !exp);
                    });

                var details = enter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'error-detail-container')
                    .style('display', 'none');

                details
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'error-detail-list')
                    .selectAll('li')
                    .data(function(d) { return d.details || []; })
                    .enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'error-detail-item')
                    .text(function(d) { return d; });

                items.exit()
                    .remove();
            }


            function showSuccess(changeset) {
                commit.reset();

                var ui = _success
                    .changeset(changeset)
                    .location(_location)
                    .on('cancel', function() { context.ui().sidebar.hide(); });

                context.enter(modeBrowse(context).sidebar(ui));
            }


            function keybindingOn() {
                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding.on('⎋', cancel, true));
            }


            function keybindingOff() {
                select(document)
                    .call(keybinding.unbind);
            }


            // Reverse geocode current map location so we can display a message on
            // the success screen like "Thank you for editing around place, region."
            function prepareForSuccess() {
                _success = uiSuccess(context);
                _location = null;
                if (!services.geocoder) { return; }

                services.geocoder.reverse(context.map().center(), function(err, result) {
                    if (err || !result || !result.address) { return; }

                    var addr = result.address;
                    var place = (addr && (addr.town || addr.city || addr.county)) || '';
                    var region = (addr && (addr.state || addr.country)) || '';
                    var separator = (place && region) ? _t('success.thank_you_where.separator') : '';

                    _location = _t('success.thank_you_where.format',
                        { place: place, separator: separator, region: region }
                    );
                });
            }


            mode.selectedIDs = function() {
                return _conflictsUi ? _conflictsUi.shownEntityIds() : [];
            };


            mode.enter = function() {
                // Show sidebar
                context.ui().sidebar.expand();

                function done() {
                    context.ui().sidebar.show(commit);
                }

                keybindingOn();

                context.container().selectAll('.main-content')
                    .classed('active', false)
                    .classed('inactive', true);

                var osm = context.connection();
                if (!osm) {
                    cancel();
                    return;
                }

                if (osm.authenticated()) {
                    done();
                } else {
                    osm.authenticate(function(err) {
                        if (err) {
                            cancel();
                        } else {
                            done();
                        }
                    });
                }
            };


            mode.exit = function() {

                keybindingOff();

                context.container().selectAll('.main-content')
                    .classed('active', true)
                    .classed('inactive', false);

                context.ui().sidebar.hide();
            };

            return mode;
        }

        function uiToolOldDrawModes(context) {

            var tool = {
                id: 'old_modes',
                label: _t('toolbar.add_feature')
            };

            var modes = [
                modeAddPoint(context, {
                    title: _t('modes.add_point.title'),
                    button: 'point',
                    description: _t('modes.add_point.description'),
                    preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('point'),
                    key: '1'
                }),
                modeAddLine(context, {
                    title: _t('modes.add_line.title'),
                    button: 'line',
                    description: _t('modes.add_line.description'),
                    preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('line'),
                    key: '2'
                }),
                modeAddArea(context, {
                    title: _t('modes.add_area.title'),
                    button: 'area',
                    description: _t('modes.add_area.description'),
                    preset: _mainPresetIndex.item('area'),
                    key: '3'
                })
            ];


            function enabled() {
                return osmEditable();
            }

            function osmEditable() {
                return context.editable();
            }

            modes.forEach(function(mode) {
                context.keybinding().on(mode.key, function() {
                    if (!enabled()) { return; }

                    if (mode.id === context.mode().id) {
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    } else {
                        context.enter(mode);
                    }
                });
            });

            tool.render = function(selection) {

                var wrap = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'joined')
                    .style('display', 'flex');

                var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, { leading: true, trailing: true });

                context.map()
                    .on('move.modes', debouncedUpdate)
                    .on('drawn.modes', debouncedUpdate);

                context
                    .on('enter.modes', update);

                update();


                function update() {

                    var buttons = wrap.selectAll('button.add-button')
                        .data(modes, function(d) { return d.id; });

                    // exit
                    buttons.exit()
                        .remove();

                    // enter
                    var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter()
                        .append('button')
                        .attr('class', function(d) { return d.id + ' add-button bar-button'; })
                        .on('click.mode-buttons', function(d) {
                            if (!enabled()) { return; }

                            // When drawing, ignore accidental clicks on mode buttons - #4042
                            var currMode = context.mode().id;
                            if (/^draw/.test(currMode)) { return; }

                            if (d.id === currMode) {
                                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                            } else {
                                context.enter(d);
                            }
                        })
                        .call(uiTooltip()
                            .placement('bottom')
                            .title(function(d) { return d.description; })
                            .keys(function(d) { return [d.key]; })
                            .scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'))
                        );

                    buttonsEnter
                        .each(function(d) {
                            select(this)
                                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + d.button));
                        });

                    buttonsEnter
                        .append('span')
                        .attr('class', 'label')
                        .text(function(mode) { return mode.title; });

                    // if we are adding/removing the buttons, check if toolbar has overflowed
                    if (buttons.enter().size() || buttons.exit().size()) {
                        context.ui().checkOverflow('.top-toolbar', true);
                    }

                    // update
                    buttons = buttons
                        .merge(buttonsEnter)
                        .classed('disabled', function(d) { return !enabled(); })
                        .classed('active', function(d) { return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button; });
                }
            };

            return tool;
        }

        function uiToolNotes(context) {

            var tool = {
                id: 'notes',
                label: _t('modes.add_note.label')
            };

            var mode = modeAddNote(context);

            function enabled() {
                return notesEnabled() && notesEditable();
            }

            function notesEnabled() {
                var noteLayer = context.layers().layer('notes');
                return noteLayer && noteLayer.enabled();
            }

            function notesEditable() {
                var mode = context.mode();
                return context.map().notesEditable() && mode && mode.id !== 'save';
            }

            context.keybinding().on(mode.key, function() {
                if (!enabled()) { return; }

                if (mode.id === context.mode().id) {
                    context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                } else {
                    context.enter(mode);
                }
            });

            tool.render = function(selection) {


                var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, { leading: true, trailing: true });

                context.map()
                    .on('move.notes', debouncedUpdate)
                    .on('drawn.notes', debouncedUpdate);

                context
                    .on('enter.notes', update);

                update();


                function update() {
                    var showNotes = notesEnabled();
                    var data = showNotes ? [mode] : [];

                    var buttons = selection.selectAll('button.add-button')
                        .data(data, function(d) { return d.id; });

                    // exit
                    buttons.exit()
                        .remove();

                    // enter
                    var buttonsEnter = buttons.enter()
                        .append('button')
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .attr('class', function(d) { return d.id + ' add-button bar-button'; })
                        .on('click.notes', function(d) {
                            if (!enabled()) { return; }

                            // When drawing, ignore accidental clicks on mode buttons - #4042
                            var currMode = context.mode().id;
                            if (/^draw/.test(currMode)) { return; }

                            if (d.id === currMode) {
                                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                            } else {
                                context.enter(d);
                            }
                        })
                        .call(uiTooltip()
                            .placement('bottom')
                            .title(function(d) { return d.description; })
                            .keys(function(d) { return [d.key]; })
                            .scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'))
                        );

                    buttonsEnter
                        .each(function(d) {
                            select(this)
                                .call(svgIcon(d.icon || '#iD-icon-' + d.button));
                        });

                    // if we are adding/removing the buttons, check if toolbar has overflowed
                    if (buttons.enter().size() || buttons.exit().size()) {
                        context.ui().checkOverflow('.top-toolbar', true);
                    }

                    // update
                    buttons = buttons
                        .merge(buttonsEnter)
                        .classed('disabled', function(d) { return !enabled(); })
                        .classed('active', function(d) { return context.mode() && context.mode().button === d.button; });
                }
            };

            tool.uninstall = function() {
                context
                    .on('enter.editor.notes', null)
                    .on('exit.editor.notes', null)
                    .on('enter.notes', null);

                context.map()
                    .on('move.notes', null)
                    .on('drawn.notes', null);
            };

            return tool;
        }

        function uiToolSave(context) {

            var tool = {
                id: 'save',
                label: _t('save.title')
            };

            var button = null;
            var tooltipBehavior = null;
            var history = context.history();
            var key = uiCmd('⌘S');
            var _numChanges = 0;

            function isSaving() {
                var mode = context.mode();
                return mode && mode.id === 'save';
            }

            function isDisabled() {
                return _numChanges === 0 || isSaving();
            }

            function save() {
                event.preventDefault();
                if (!context.inIntro() && !isSaving() && history.hasChanges()) {
                    context.enter(modeSave(context));
                }
            }

            function bgColor() {
                var step;
                if (_numChanges === 0) {
                    return null;
                } else if (_numChanges <= 50) {
                    step = _numChanges / 50;
                    return d3_interpolateRgb('#fff', '#ff8')(step);  // white -> yellow
                } else {
                    step = Math.min((_numChanges - 50) / 50, 1.0);
                    return d3_interpolateRgb('#ff8', '#f88')(step);  // yellow -> red
                }
            }

            function updateCount() {
                var val = history.difference().summary().length;
                if (val === _numChanges) { return; }

                _numChanges = val;

                if (tooltipBehavior) {
                    tooltipBehavior
                        .title(_t(_numChanges > 0 ? 'save.help' : 'save.no_changes'))
                        .keys([key]);
                }

                if (button) {
                    button
                        .classed('disabled', isDisabled())
                        .style('background', bgColor());

                    button.select('span.count')
                        .text(_numChanges);
                }
            }


            tool.render = function(selection) {
                tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
                    .placement('bottom')
                    .title(_t('save.no_changes'))
                    .keys([key])
                    .scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'));

                var lastPointerUpType;

                button = selection
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'save disabled bar-button')
                    .on('pointerup', function() {
                        lastPointerUpType = event.pointerType;
                    })
                    .on('click', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();

                        save();

                        if (_numChanges === 0 && (
                            lastPointerUpType === 'touch' ||
                            lastPointerUpType === 'pen')
                        ) {
                            // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead
                            context.ui().flash
                                .duration(2000)
                                .iconName('#iD-icon-save')
                                .iconClass('disabled')
                                .text(_t('save.no_changes'))();
                        }
                        lastPointerUpType = null;
                    })
                    .call(tooltipBehavior);

                button
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-save'));

                button
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'count')
                    .attr('aria-hidden', 'true')
                    .text('0');

                updateCount();


                context.keybinding()
                    .on(key, save, true);


                context.history()
                    .on('change.save', updateCount);

                context
                    .on('enter.save', function() {
                        if (button) {
                            button
                                .classed('disabled', isDisabled());

                            if (isSaving()) {
                                button.call(tooltipBehavior.hide);
                            }
                        }
                    });
            };


            tool.uninstall = function() {
                context.keybinding()
                    .off(key, true);

                context.history()
                    .on('change.save', null);

                context
                    .on('enter.save', null);

                button = null;
                tooltipBehavior = null;
            };

            return tool;
        }

        function uiToolSidebarToggle(context) {

            var tool = {
                id: 'sidebar_toggle',
                label: _t('toolbar.inspect')
            };

            tool.render = function(selection) {
                selection
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'bar-button')
                    .on('click', function() {
                        context.ui().sidebar.toggle();
                    })
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .placement('bottom')
                        .title(_t('sidebar.tooltip'))
                        .keys([_t('sidebar.key')])
                        .scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'))
                    )
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-sidebar-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'right' : 'left')));
            };

            return tool;
        }

        function uiToolUndoRedo(context) {

            var tool = {
                id: 'undo_redo',
                label: _t('toolbar.undo_redo')
            };

            var commands = [{
                id: 'undo',
                cmd: uiCmd('⌘Z'),
                action: function() {
                    context.undo();
                },
                annotation: function() {
                    return context.history().undoAnnotation();
                },
                icon: 'iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')
            }, {
                id: 'redo',
                cmd: uiCmd('⌘⇧Z'),
                action: function() {
                    context.redo();
                },
                annotation: function() {
                    return context.history().redoAnnotation();
                },
                icon: 'iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'undo' : 'redo')
            }];


            function editable() {
                return context.mode() && context.mode().id !== 'save' && context.map().editableDataEnabled(true /* ignore min zoom */);
            }


            tool.render = function(selection) {
                var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
                    .placement('bottom')
                    .title(function (d) {
                        return d.annotation() ?
                            _t(d.id + '.tooltip', { action: d.annotation() }) :
                            _t(d.id + '.nothing');
                    })
                    .keys(function(d) {
                        return [d.cmd];
                    })
                    .scrollContainer(context.container().select('.top-toolbar'));

                var lastPointerUpType;

                var buttons = selection.selectAll('button')
                    .data(commands)
                    .enter()
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'disabled ' + d.id + '-button bar-button'; })
                    .on('pointerup', function() {
                        // `pointerup` is always called before `click`
                        lastPointerUpType = event.pointerType;
                    })
                    .on('click', function(d) {
                        event.preventDefault();

                        var annotation = d.annotation();

                        if (editable() && annotation) {
                            d.action();
                        }

                        if (editable() && (
                            lastPointerUpType === 'touch' ||
                            lastPointerUpType === 'pen')
                        ) {
                            // there are no tooltips for touch interactions so flash feedback instead

                            var text = annotation ?
                                _t(d.id + '.tooltip', { action: annotation }) :
                                _t(d.id + '.nothing');
                            context.ui().flash
                                .duration(2000)
                                .iconName('#' + d.icon)
                                .iconClass(annotation ? '' : 'disabled')
                                .text(text)();
                        }
                        lastPointerUpType = null;
                    })
                    .call(tooltipBehavior);

                buttons.each(function(d) {
                    select(this)
                        .call(svgIcon('#' + d.icon));
                });

                context.keybinding()
                    .on(commands[0].cmd, function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        if (editable()) { commands[0].action(); }
                    })
                    .on(commands[1].cmd, function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        if (editable()) { commands[1].action(); }
                    });


                var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, { leading: true, trailing: true });

                context.map()
                    .on('move.undo_redo', debouncedUpdate)
                    .on('drawn.undo_redo', debouncedUpdate);

                context.history()
                    .on('change.undo_redo', function(difference) {
                        if (difference) { update(); }
                    });

                context
                    .on('enter.undo_redo', update);


                function update() {
                    buttons
                        .classed('disabled', function(d) {
                            return !editable() || !d.annotation();
                        })
                        .each(function() {
                            var selection = select(this);
                            if (!selection.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
                                selection.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
                            }
                        });
                }
            };

            tool.uninstall = function() {
                context.keybinding()
                    .off(commands[0].cmd)
                    .off(commands[1].cmd);

                context.map()
                    .on('move.undo_redo', null)
                    .on('drawn.undo_redo', null);

                context.history()
                    .on('change.undo_redo', null);

                context
                    .on('enter.undo_redo', null);
            };

            return tool;
        }

        function uiTopToolbar(context) {

            var sidebarToggle = uiToolSidebarToggle(context),
                modes = uiToolOldDrawModes(context),
                notes = uiToolNotes(context),
                undoRedo = uiToolUndoRedo(context),
                save = uiToolSave(context);

            function notesEnabled() {
                var noteLayer = context.layers().layer('notes');
                return noteLayer && noteLayer.enabled();
            }

            function topToolbar(bar) {

                bar.on('wheel.topToolbar', function() {
                    if (!event.deltaX) {
                        // translate vertical scrolling into horizontal scrolling in case
                        // the user doesn't have an input device that can scroll horizontally
                        bar.node().scrollLeft += event.deltaY;
                    }
                });

                var debouncedUpdate = debounce(update, 500, { leading: true, trailing: true });
                context.layers()
                    .on('change.topToolbar', debouncedUpdate);

                update();

                function update() {

                    var tools = [
                        sidebarToggle,
                        'spacer',
                        modes
                    ];

                    tools.push('spacer');

                    if (notesEnabled()) {
                        tools = tools.concat([notes, 'spacer']);
                    }

                    tools = tools.concat([undoRedo, save]);

                    var toolbarItems = bar.selectAll('.toolbar-item')
                        .data(tools, function(d) {
                            return d.id || d;
                        });

                    toolbarItems.exit()
                        .each(function(d) {
                            if (d.uninstall) {
                                d.uninstall();
                            }
                        })
                        .remove();

                    var itemsEnter = toolbarItems
                        .enter()
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', function(d) {
                            var classes = 'toolbar-item ' + (d.id || d).replace('_', '-');
                            if (d.klass) { classes += ' ' + d.klass; }
                            return classes;
                        });

                    var actionableItems = itemsEnter.filter(function(d) { return d !== 'spacer'; });

                    actionableItems
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'item-content')
                        .each(function(d) {
                            select(this).call(d.render, bar);
                        });

                    actionableItems
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'item-label')
                        .text(function(d) {
                            return d.label;
                        });
                }

            }

            return topToolbar;
        }

        // these are module variables so they are preserved through a ui.restart()
        var sawVersion = null;
        var isNewVersion = false;
        var isNewUser = false;


        function uiVersion(context) {

            var currVersion = context.version;
            var matchedVersion = currVersion.match(/\d+\.\d+\.\d+.*/);

            if (sawVersion === null && matchedVersion !== null) {
                if (corePreferences('sawVersion')) {
                    isNewUser = false;
                    isNewVersion = corePreferences('sawVersion') !== currVersion && currVersion.indexOf('-') === -1;
                } else {
                    isNewUser = true;
                    isNewVersion = true;
                }
                corePreferences('sawVersion', currVersion);
                sawVersion = currVersion;
            }

            return function(selection) {
                selection
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD')
                    .text(currVersion);

                // only show new version indicator to users that have used iD before
                if (isNewVersion && !isNewUser) {
                    selection
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'badge')
                        .append('a')
                        .attr('target', '_blank')
                        .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/CHANGELOG.md#whats-new')
                        .call(svgIcon('#maki-gift-11'))
                        .call(uiTooltip()
                            .title(_t('version.whats_new', { version: currVersion }))
                            .placement('top')
                        );
                }
            };
        }

        function uiZoom(context) {

            var zooms = [{
                id: 'zoom-in',
                icon: 'iD-icon-plus',
                title: _t('zoom.in'),
                action: zoomIn,
                disabled: function() {
                    return !context.map().canZoomIn();
                },
                disabledTitle: _t('zoom.disabled.in'),
                key: '+'
            }, {
                id: 'zoom-out',
                icon: 'iD-icon-minus',
                title: _t('zoom.out'),
                action: zoomOut,
                disabled: function() {
                    return !context.map().canZoomOut();
                },
                disabledTitle: _t('zoom.disabled.out'),
                key: '-'
            }];

            function zoomIn() {
                event.preventDefault();
                context.map().zoomIn();
            }

            function zoomOut() {
                event.preventDefault();
                context.map().zoomOut();
            }

            function zoomInFurther() {
                event.preventDefault();
                context.map().zoomInFurther();
            }

            function zoomOutFurther() {
                event.preventDefault();
                context.map().zoomOutFurther();
            }

            return function(selection) {
                var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
                    .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
                    .title(function(d) {
                        if (d.disabled()) {
                            return d.disabledTitle;
                        }
                        return d.title;
                    })
                    .keys(function(d) {
                        return [d.key];
                    });

                var lastPointerUpType;

                var buttons = selection.selectAll('button')
                    .data(zooms)
                    .enter()
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return d.id; })
                    .on('pointerup.editor', function() {
                        lastPointerUpType = event.pointerType;
                    })
                    .on('click.editor', function(d) {
                        if (!d.disabled()) {
                            d.action();
                        } else if (lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
                            context.ui().flash
                                .duration(2000)
                                .iconName('#' + d.icon)
                                .iconClass('disabled')
                                .text(d.disabledTitle)();
                        }
                        lastPointerUpType = null;
                    })
                    .call(tooltipBehavior);

                buttons.each(function(d) {
                    select(this)
                        .call(svgIcon('#' + d.icon, 'light'));
                });

                ['plus', 'ffplus', '=', 'ffequals'].forEach(function(key) {
                    context.keybinding().on([key], zoomIn);
                    context.keybinding().on([uiCmd('⌘' + key)], zoomInFurther);
                });

                ['_', '-', 'ffminus', 'dash'].forEach(function(key) {
                    context.keybinding().on([key], zoomOut);
                    context.keybinding().on([uiCmd('⌘' + key)], zoomOutFurther);
                });

                function updateButtonStates() {
                    buttons
                        .classed('disabled', function(d) {
                            return d.disabled();
                        })
                        .each(function() {
                            var selection = select(this);
                            if (!selection.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
                                selection.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
                            }
                        });
                }

                updateButtonStates();

                context.map().on('move.uiZoom', updateButtonStates);
            };
        }

        function uiZoomToSelection(context) {

            function isDisabled() {
                var mode = context.mode();
                return !mode || !mode.zoomToSelected;
            }

            var _lastPointerUpType;

            function pointerup() {
                _lastPointerUpType = event.pointerType;
            }

            function click() {
                event.preventDefault();

                if (isDisabled()) {
                    if (_lastPointerUpType === 'touch' || _lastPointerUpType === 'pen') {
                        context.ui().flash
                            .duration(2000)
                            .iconName('#iD-icon-framed-dot')
                            .iconClass('disabled')
                            .text(_t('inspector.zoom_to.no_selection'))();
                    }
                } else {
                    var mode = context.mode();
                    if (mode && mode.zoomToSelected) {
                        mode.zoomToSelected();
                    }
                }

                _lastPointerUpType = null;
            }

            return function(selection) {

                var tooltipBehavior = uiTooltip()
                    .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
                    .title(function() {
                        if (isDisabled()) {
                            return _t('inspector.zoom_to.no_selection');
                        }
                        return _t('inspector.zoom_to.title');
                    })
                    .keys([_t('inspector.zoom_to.key')]);

                var button = selection
                    .append('button')
                    .on('pointerup', pointerup)
                    .on('click', click)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot', 'light'))
                    .call(tooltipBehavior);

                function setEnabledState() {
                    button.classed('disabled', isDisabled());
                    if (!button.select('.tooltip.in').empty()) {
                        button.call(tooltipBehavior.updateContent);
                    }
                }

                context.on('enter.uiZoomToSelection', setEnabledState);

                setEnabledState();
            };
        }

        function uiPane(id, context) {

            var _key;
            var _title = '';
            var _description = '';
            var _iconName = '';
            var _sections; // array of uiSection objects

            var _paneSelection = select(null);

            var _paneTooltip;

            var pane = {
                id: id
            };

            pane.title = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _title; }
                _title = val;
                return pane;
            };

            pane.key = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _key; }
                _key = val;
                return pane;
            };

            pane.description = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _description; }
                _description = val;
                return pane;
            };

            pane.iconName = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _iconName; }
                _iconName = val;
                return pane;
            };

            pane.sections = function(val) {
                if (!arguments.length) { return _sections; }
                _sections = val;
                return pane;
            };

            pane.selection = function() {
                return _paneSelection;
            };

            function hidePane() {
                context.ui().togglePanes();
            }

            pane.togglePane = function() {
                if (event) { event.preventDefault(); }
                _paneTooltip.hide();
                context.ui().togglePanes(!_paneSelection.classed('shown') ? _paneSelection : undefined);
            };

            pane.renderToggleButton = function(selection) {

                if (!_paneTooltip) {
                    _paneTooltip = uiTooltip()
                        .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
                        .title(_description)
                        .keys([_key]);
                }

                selection
                    .append('button')
                    .on('click', pane.togglePane)
                    .call(svgIcon('#' + _iconName, 'light'))
                    .call(_paneTooltip);
            };

            pane.renderContent = function(selection) {
                // override to fully customize content

                if (_sections) {
                    _sections.forEach(function(section) {
                        selection.call(section.render);
                    });
                }
            };

            pane.renderPane = function(selection) {

                _paneSelection = selection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'fillL map-pane hide ' + id + '-pane')
                    .attr('pane', id);

                var heading = _paneSelection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'pane-heading');

                heading
                    .append('h2')
                    .text(_title);

                heading
                    .append('button')
                    .on('click', hidePane)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-close'));


                _paneSelection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'pane-content')
                    .call(pane.renderContent);

                if (_key) {
                    context.keybinding()
                        .on(_key, pane.togglePane);
                }
            };

            return pane;
        }

        function uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions(context) {

            var section = uiSection('background-display-options', context)
                .title(_t('background.display_options'))
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            var _detected = utilDetect();
            var _storedOpacity = corePreferences('background-opacity');
            var _minVal = 0.25;
            var _maxVal = _detected.cssfilters ? 2 : 1;

            var _sliders = _detected.cssfilters
                ? ['brightness', 'contrast', 'saturation', 'sharpness']
                : ['brightness'];

            var _options = {
                brightness: (_storedOpacity !== null ? (+_storedOpacity) : 1),
                contrast: 1,
                saturation: 1,
                sharpness: 1
            };

            function clamp(x, min, max) {
                return Math.max(min, Math.min(x, max));
            }

            function updateValue(d, val) {
                if (!val && event && event.target) {
                    val = event.target.value;
                }

                val = clamp(val, _minVal, _maxVal);

                _options[d] = val;
                context.background()[d](val);

                if (d === 'brightness') {
                    corePreferences('background-opacity', val);
                }

                section.reRender();
            }

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
                var container = selection.selectAll('.display-options-container')
                    .data([0]);

                var containerEnter = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'display-options-container controls-list');

                // add slider controls
                var slidersEnter = containerEnter.selectAll('.display-control')
                    .data(_sliders)
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'display-control display-control-' + d; });

                slidersEnter
                    .append('h5')
                    .text(function(d) { return _t('background.' + d); })
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'display-option-value display-option-value-' + d; });

                slidersEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'display-option-input display-option-input-' + d; })
                    .attr('type', 'range')
                    .attr('min', _minVal)
                    .attr('max', _maxVal)
                    .attr('step', '0.05')
                    .on('input', function(d) {
                        var val = select(this).property('value');
                        updateValue(d, val);
                    });

                slidersEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('title', _t('background.reset'))
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'display-option-reset display-option-reset-' + d; })
                    .on('click', function(d) {
                        if (event.button !== 0) { return; }
                        updateValue(d, 1);
                    })
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')));

                // reset all button
                containerEnter
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'display-option-resetlink')
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .text(_t('background.reset_all'))
                    .on('click', function() {
                        for (var i = 0; i < _sliders.length; i++) {
                            updateValue(_sliders[i],1);
                        }
                    });

                // update
                container = containerEnter
                    .merge(container);

                container.selectAll('.display-option-input')
                    .property('value', function(d) { return _options[d]; });

                container.selectAll('.display-option-value')
                    .text(function(d) { return Math.floor(_options[d] * 100) + '%'; });

                container.selectAll('.display-option-reset')
                    .classed('disabled', function(d) { return _options[d] === 1; });

                // first time only, set brightness if needed
                if (containerEnter.size() && _options.brightness !== 1) {
                    context.background().brightness(_options.brightness);
                }
            }

            return section;
        }

        function uiSettingsCustomBackground() {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');

            function render(selection) {
                // keep separate copies of original and current settings
                var _origSettings = {
                    template: corePreferences('background-custom-template')
                };
                var _currSettings = {
                    template: corePreferences('background-custom-template')
                };

                var example = 'https://{switch:a,b,c}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png';
                var modal = uiConfirm(selection).okButton();

                modal
                    .classed('settings-modal settings-custom-background', true);

                modal.select('.modal-section.header')
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(_t('settings.custom_background.header'));


                var textSection = modal.select('.modal-section.message-text');

                var instructions =
                    (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.info')) + "\n" +
                    '\n' +
                    "#### " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens_label')) + "\n" +
                    "* " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.proj')) + "\n" +
                    "* " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.wkid')) + "\n" +
                    "* " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.dimensions')) + "\n" +
                    "* " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.wms.tokens.bbox')) + "\n" +
                    '\n' +
                    "#### " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens_label')) + "\n" +
                    "* " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.xyz')) + "\n" +
                    "* " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.flipped_y')) + "\n" +
                    "* " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.switch')) + "\n" +
                    "* " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.quadtile')) + "\n" +
                    "* " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.tms.tokens.scale_factor')) + "\n" +
                    '\n' +
                    "#### " + (_t('settings.custom_background.instructions.example')) + "\n" +
                    "`" + example + "`";

                textSection
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'instructions-template')
                    .html(marked_1(instructions));

                textSection
                    .append('textarea')
                    .attr('class', 'field-template')
                    .attr('placeholder', _t('settings.custom_background.template.placeholder'))
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .property('value', _currSettings.template);


                // insert a cancel button
                var buttonSection = modal.select('.modal-section.buttons');

                buttonSection
                    .insert('button', '.ok-button')
                    .attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action')
                    .text(_t('confirm.cancel'));


                buttonSection.select('.cancel-button')
                    .on('click.cancel', clickCancel);

                buttonSection.select('.ok-button')
                    .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled)
                    .on('click.save', clickSave);


                function isSaveDisabled() {
                    return null;
                }


                // restore the original template
                function clickCancel() {
                    textSection.select('.field-template').property('value', _origSettings.template);
                    corePreferences('background-custom-template', _origSettings.template);
                    this.blur();
                    modal.close();
                }

                // accept the current template
                function clickSave() {
                    _currSettings.template = textSection.select('.field-template').property('value');
                    corePreferences('background-custom-template', _currSettings.template);
                    this.blur();
                    modal.close();
                    dispatch$1.call('change', this, _currSettings);
                }
            }

            return utilRebind(render, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiSectionBackgroundList(context) {

            var _backgroundList = select(null);

            var _customSource = context.background().findSource('custom');

            var _settingsCustomBackground = uiSettingsCustomBackground()
                .on('change', customChanged);

            var section = uiSection('background-list', context)
                .title(_t('background.backgrounds'))
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            function previousBackgroundID() {
                return corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle');
            }

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {

                // the background list
                var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-background-list')
                    .data([0]);

                _backgroundList = container.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-background-list')
                    .attr('dir', 'auto')
                    .merge(container);


                // add minimap toggle below list
                var bgExtrasListEnter = selection.selectAll('.bg-extras-list')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list bg-extras-list');

                var minimapLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'minimap-toggle-item')
                    .append('label')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('background.minimap.tooltip'))
                        .keys([_t('background.minimap.key')])
                        .placement('top')
                    );

                minimapLabelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .on('change', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        uiMapInMap.toggle();
                    });

                minimapLabelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('background.minimap.description'));


                var panelLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'background-panel-toggle-item')
                    .append('label')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('background.panel.tooltip'))
                        .keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.background.key'))])
                        .placement('top')
                    );

                panelLabelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .on('change', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        context.ui().info.toggle('background');
                    });

                panelLabelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('background.panel.description'));

                var locPanelLabelEnter = bgExtrasListEnter
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'location-panel-toggle-item')
                    .append('label')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('background.location_panel.tooltip'))
                        .keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.location.key'))])
                        .placement('top')
                    );

                locPanelLabelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .on('change', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        context.ui().info.toggle('location');
                    });

                locPanelLabelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('background.location_panel.description'));


                // "Info / Report a Problem" link
                selection.selectAll('.imagery-faq')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'imagery-faq')
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
                    .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/FAQ.md#how-can-i-report-an-issue-with-background-imagery')
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('background.imagery_problem_faq'));

                _backgroundList
                    .call(drawListItems, 'radio', chooseBackground, function(d) { return !d.isHidden() && !d.overlay; });
            }

            function setTooltips(selection) {
                selection.each(function(d, i, nodes) {
                    var item = select(this).select('label');
                    var span = item.select('span');
                    var placement = (i < nodes.length / 2) ? 'bottom' : 'top';
                    var description = d.description();
                    var isOverflowing = (span.property('clientWidth') !== span.property('scrollWidth'));

                    item.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);

                    if (d.id === previousBackgroundID()) {
                        item.call(uiTooltip()
                            .placement(placement)
                            .title('<div>' + _t('background.switch') + '</div>')
                            .keys([uiCmd('⌘' + _t('background.key'))])
                        );
                    } else if (description || isOverflowing) {
                        item.call(uiTooltip()
                            .placement(placement)
                            .title(description || d.name())
                        );
                    }
                });
            }

            function drawListItems(layerList, type, change, filter) {
                var sources = context.background()
                    .sources(context.map().extent(), context.map().zoom(), true)
                    .filter(filter);

                var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li')
                    .data(sources, function(d) { return d.name(); });

                layerLinks.exit()
                    .remove();

                var enter = layerLinks.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .classed('layer-custom', function(d) { return d.id === 'custom'; })
                    .classed('best', function(d) { return d.best(); });

                var label = enter
                    .append('label');

                label
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', type)
                    .attr('name', 'layers')
                    .on('change', change);

                label
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) { return d.name(); });

                enter.filter(function(d) { return d.id === 'custom'; })
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-browse')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('settings.custom_background.tooltip'))
                        .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
                    )
                    .on('click', editCustom)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-more'));

                enter.filter(function(d) { return d.best(); })
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'best')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('background.best_imagery'))
                        .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
                    )
                    .append('span')
                    .html('&#9733;');


                layerList.selectAll('li')
                    .sort(sortSources);

                layerList
                    .call(updateLayerSelections);


                function sortSources(a, b) {
                    return a.best() && !b.best() ? -1
                        : b.best() && !a.best() ? 1
                        : d3_descending(a.area(), b.area()) || d3_ascending(a.name(), b.name()) || 0;
                }
            }

            function updateLayerSelections(selection) {
                function active(d) {
                    return context.background().showsLayer(d);
                }

                selection.selectAll('li')
                    .classed('active', active)
                    .classed('switch', function(d) { return d.id === previousBackgroundID(); })
                    .call(setTooltips)
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', active);
            }


            function chooseBackground(d) {
                if (d.id === 'custom' && !d.template()) {
                    return editCustom();
                }

                event.preventDefault();
                var previousBackground = context.background().baseLayerSource();
                corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle', previousBackground.id);
                corePreferences('background-last-used', d.id);
                context.background().baseLayerSource(d);
                document.activeElement.blur();
            }


            function customChanged(d) {
                if (d && d.template) {
                    _customSource.template(d.template);
                    chooseBackground(_customSource);
                } else {
                    _customSource.template('');
                    chooseBackground(context.background().findSource('none'));
                }
            }


            function editCustom() {
                event.preventDefault();
                context.container()
                    .call(_settingsCustomBackground);
            }


            context.background()
                .on('change.background_list', function() {
                    _backgroundList.call(updateLayerSelections);
                });

            context.map()
                .on('move.background_list',
                    debounce(function() {
                        // layers in-view may have changed due to map move
                        window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
                    }, 1000)
                );

            return section;
        }

        function uiSectionBackgroundOffset(context) {

            var section = uiSection('background-offset', context)
                .title(_t('background.fix_misalignment'))
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
                .expandedByDefault(false);

            var _pointerPrefix = 'PointerEvent' in window ? 'pointer' : 'mouse';

            var _directions = [
                ['right', [0.5, 0]],
                ['top', [0, -0.5]],
                ['left', [-0.5, 0]],
                ['bottom', [0, 0.5]]
            ];


            function cancelEvent() {
                event.stopPropagation();
                event.preventDefault();
            }


            function updateValue() {
                var meters = geoOffsetToMeters(context.background().offset());
                var x = +meters[0].toFixed(2);
                var y = +meters[1].toFixed(2);

                context.container().selectAll('.nudge-inner-rect')
                    .select('input')
                    .classed('error', false)
                    .property('value', x + ', ' + y);

                context.container().selectAll('.nudge-reset')
                    .classed('disabled', function() {
                        return (x === 0 && y === 0);
                    });
            }


            function resetOffset() {
                context.background().offset([0, 0]);
                updateValue();
            }


            function nudge(d) {
                context.background().nudge(d, context.map().zoom());
                updateValue();
            }


            function pointerdownNudgeButton(d) {
                var interval;
                var timeout = window.setTimeout(function() {
                        interval = window.setInterval(nudge.bind(null, d), 100);
                    }, 500);

                function doneNudge() {
                    window.clearTimeout(timeout);
                    window.clearInterval(interval);
                    select(window)
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.buttonoffset', null, true)
                        .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.buttonoffset', null, true);
                }

                select(window)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.buttonoffset', doneNudge, true)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down.buttonoffset', doneNudge, true);

                nudge(d);
            }


            function inputOffset() {
                var input = select(this);
                var d = input.node().value;

                if (d === '') { return resetOffset(); }

                d = d.replace(/;/g, ',').split(',').map(function(n) {
                    // if n is NaN, it will always get mapped to false.
                    return !isNaN(n) && n;
                });

                if (d.length !== 2 || !d[0] || !d[1]) {
                    input.classed('error', true);
                    return;
                }

                context.background().offset(geoMetersToOffset(d));
                updateValue();
            }


            function dragOffset() {
                if (event.button !== 0) { return; }

                var origin = [event.clientX, event.clientY];

                var pointerId = event.pointerId || 'mouse';

                context.container()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'nudge-surface');

                select(window)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'move.drag-bg-offset', pointermove)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'up.drag-bg-offset', pointerup);

                if (_pointerPrefix === 'pointer') {
                    select(window)
                        .on('pointercancel.drag-bg-offset', pointerup);
                }

                function pointermove() {
                    if (pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) { return; }

                    var latest = [event.clientX, event.clientY];
                    var d = [
                        -(origin[0] - latest[0]) / 4,
                        -(origin[1] - latest[1]) / 4
                    ];

                    origin = latest;
                    nudge(d);
                }

                function pointerup() {
                    if (pointerId !== (event.pointerId || 'mouse')) { return; }
                    if (event.button !== 0) { return; }

                    context.container().selectAll('.nudge-surface')
                        .remove();

                    select(window)
                        .on('.drag-bg-offset', null);
                }
            }


            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
                var container = selection.selectAll('.nudge-container')
                    .data([0]);

                var containerEnter = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'nudge-container cf');

                containerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'nudge-instructions')
                    .text(_t('background.offset'));

                var nudgeEnter = containerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'nudge-outer-rect')
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', dragOffset);

                nudgeEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'nudge-inner-rect')
                    .append('input')
                    .on('change', inputOffset);

                containerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .selectAll('button')
                    .data(_directions).enter()
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return d[0] + ' nudge'; })
                    .on('contextmenu', cancelEvent)
                    .on(_pointerPrefix + 'down', function(d) {
                        if (event.button !== 0) { return; }
                        pointerdownNudgeButton(d[1]);
                    });

                containerEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .attr('title', _t('background.reset'))
                    .attr('class', 'nudge-reset disabled')
                    .on('contextmenu', cancelEvent)
                    .on('click', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        if (event.button !== 0) { return; }
                        resetOffset();
                    })
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-' + (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl' ? 'redo' : 'undo')));

                updateValue();
            }

            context.background()
                .on('change.backgroundOffset-update', updateValue);

            return section;
        }

        function uiSectionOverlayList(context) {

            var section = uiSection('overlay-list', context)
                .title(_t('background.overlays'))
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            var _overlayList = select(null);

            function setTooltips(selection) {
                selection.each(function(d, i, nodes) {
                    var item = select(this).select('label');
                    var span = item.select('span');
                    var placement = (i < nodes.length / 2) ? 'bottom' : 'top';
                    var description = d.description();
                    var isOverflowing = (span.property('clientWidth') !== span.property('scrollWidth'));

                    item.call(uiTooltip().destroyAny);

                    if (description || isOverflowing) {
                        item.call(uiTooltip()
                            .placement(placement)
                            .title(description || d.name())
                        );
                    }
                });
            }

            function updateLayerSelections(selection) {
                function active(d) {
                    return context.background().showsLayer(d);
                }

                selection.selectAll('li')
                    .classed('active', active)
                    .call(setTooltips)
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', active);
            }


            function chooseOverlay(d) {
                event.preventDefault();
                context.background().toggleOverlayLayer(d);
                _overlayList.call(updateLayerSelections);
                document.activeElement.blur();
            }

            function drawListItems(layerList, type, change, filter) {
                var sources = context.background()
                    .sources(context.map().extent(), context.map().zoom(), true)
                    .filter(filter);

                var layerLinks = layerList.selectAll('li')
                    .data(sources, function(d) { return d.name(); });

                layerLinks.exit()
                    .remove();

                var enter = layerLinks.enter()
                    .append('li');

                var label = enter
                    .append('label');

                label
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', type)
                    .attr('name', 'layers')
                    .on('change', change);

                label
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) { return d.name(); });


                layerList.selectAll('li')
                    .sort(sortSources);

                layerList
                    .call(updateLayerSelections);


                function sortSources(a, b) {
                    return a.best() && !b.best() ? -1
                        : b.best() && !a.best() ? 1
                        : d3_descending(a.area(), b.area()) || d3_ascending(a.name(), b.name()) || 0;
                }
            }

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {

                var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-overlay-list')
                    .data([0]);

                _overlayList = container.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-overlay-list')
                    .attr('dir', 'auto')
                    .merge(container);

                _overlayList
                    .call(drawListItems, 'checkbox', chooseOverlay, function(d) { return !d.isHidden() && d.overlay; });
            }

            context.map()
                .on('move.overlay_list',
                    debounce(function() {
                        // layers in-view may have changed due to map move
                        window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
                    }, 1000)
                );

            return section;
        }

        function uiPaneBackground(context) {

            var backgroundPane = uiPane('background', context)
                .key(_t('background.key'))
                .title(_t('background.title'))
                .description(_t('background.description'))
                .iconName('iD-icon-layers')
                .sections([
                    uiSectionBackgroundList(context),
                    uiSectionOverlayList(context),
                    uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions(context),
                    uiSectionBackgroundOffset(context)
                ]);

            return backgroundPane;
        }

        function uiPaneHelp(context) {

            var docKeys = [
                ['help', [
                    'welcome',
                    'open_data_h',
                    'open_data',
                    'before_start_h',
                    'before_start',
                    'open_source_h',
                    'open_source',
                    'open_source_help'
                ]],
                ['overview', [
                    'navigation_h',
                    'navigation_drag',
                    'navigation_zoom',
                    'features_h',
                    'features',
                    'nodes_ways'
                ]],
                ['editing', [
                    'select_h',
                    'select_left_click',
                    'select_right_click',
                    'select_space',
                    'multiselect_h',
                    'multiselect',
                    'multiselect_shift_click',
                    'multiselect_lasso',
                    'undo_redo_h',
                    'undo_redo',
                    'save_h',
                    'save',
                    'save_validation',
                    'upload_h',
                    'upload',
                    'backups_h',
                    'backups',
                    'keyboard_h',
                    'keyboard'
                ]],
                ['feature_editor', [
                    'intro',
                    'definitions',
                    'type_h',
                    'type',
                    'type_picker',
                    'fields_h',
                    'fields_all_fields',
                    'fields_example',
                    'fields_add_field',
                    'tags_h',
                    'tags_all_tags',
                    'tags_resources'
                ]],
                ['points', [
                    'intro',
                    'add_point_h',
                    'add_point',
                    'add_point_finish',
                    'move_point_h',
                    'move_point',
                    'delete_point_h',
                    'delete_point',
                    'delete_point_command'
                ]],
                ['lines', [
                    'intro',
                    'add_line_h',
                    'add_line',
                    'add_line_draw',
                    'add_line_continue',
                    'add_line_finish',
                    'modify_line_h',
                    'modify_line_dragnode',
                    'modify_line_addnode',
                    'connect_line_h',
                    'connect_line',
                    'connect_line_display',
                    'connect_line_drag',
                    'connect_line_tag',
                    'disconnect_line_h',
                    'disconnect_line_command',
                    'move_line_h',
                    'move_line_command',
                    'move_line_connected',
                    'delete_line_h',
                    'delete_line',
                    'delete_line_command'
                ]],
                ['areas', [
                    'intro',
                    'point_or_area_h',
                    'point_or_area',
                    'add_area_h',
                    'add_area_command',
                    'add_area_draw',
                    'add_area_continue',
                    'add_area_finish',
                    'square_area_h',
                    'square_area_command',
                    'modify_area_h',
                    'modify_area_dragnode',
                    'modify_area_addnode',
                    'delete_area_h',
                    'delete_area',
                    'delete_area_command'
                ]],
                ['relations', [
                    'intro',
                    'edit_relation_h',
                    'edit_relation',
                    'edit_relation_add',
                    'edit_relation_delete',
                    'maintain_relation_h',
                    'maintain_relation',
                    'relation_types_h',
                    'multipolygon_h',
                    'multipolygon',
                    'multipolygon_create',
                    'multipolygon_merge',
                    'turn_restriction_h',
                    'turn_restriction',
                    'turn_restriction_field',
                    'turn_restriction_editing',
                    'route_h',
                    'route',
                    'route_add',
                    'boundary_h',
                    'boundary',
                    'boundary_add'
                ]],
                ['notes', [
                    'intro',
                    'add_note_h',
                    'add_note',
                    'place_note',
                    'move_note',
                    'update_note_h',
                    'update_note',
                    'save_note_h',
                    'save_note'
                ]],
                ['imagery', [
                    'intro',
                    'sources_h',
                    'choosing',
                    'sources',
                    'offsets_h',
                    'offset',
                    'offset_change'
                ]],
                ['streetlevel', [
                    'intro',
                    'using_h',
                    'using',
                    'photos',
                    'viewer'
                ]],
                ['gps', [
                    'intro',
                    'survey',
                    'using_h',
                    'using',
                    'tracing',
                    'upload'
                ]],
                ['qa', [
                    'intro',
                    'tools_h',
                    'tools',
                    'issues_h',
                    'issues'
                ]]
            ];

            var headings = {
                'help.help.open_data_h': 3,
                'help.help.before_start_h': 3,
                'help.help.open_source_h': 3,
                'help.overview.navigation_h': 3,
                'help.overview.features_h': 3,
                'help.editing.select_h': 3,
                'help.editing.multiselect_h': 3,
                'help.editing.undo_redo_h': 3,
                'help.editing.save_h': 3,
                'help.editing.upload_h': 3,
                'help.editing.backups_h': 3,
                'help.editing.keyboard_h': 3,
                'help.feature_editor.type_h': 3,
                'help.feature_editor.fields_h': 3,
                'help.feature_editor.tags_h': 3,
                'help.points.add_point_h': 3,
                'help.points.move_point_h': 3,
                'help.points.delete_point_h': 3,
                'help.lines.add_line_h': 3,
                'help.lines.modify_line_h': 3,
                'help.lines.connect_line_h': 3,
                'help.lines.disconnect_line_h': 3,
                'help.lines.move_line_h': 3,
                'help.lines.delete_line_h': 3,
                'help.areas.point_or_area_h': 3,
                'help.areas.add_area_h': 3,
                'help.areas.square_area_h': 3,
                'help.areas.modify_area_h': 3,
                'help.areas.delete_area_h': 3,
                'help.relations.edit_relation_h': 3,
                'help.relations.maintain_relation_h': 3,
                'help.relations.relation_types_h': 2,
                'help.relations.multipolygon_h': 3,
                'help.relations.turn_restriction_h': 3,
                'help.relations.route_h': 3,
                'help.relations.boundary_h': 3,
                'help.notes.add_note_h': 3,
                'help.notes.update_note_h': 3,
                'help.notes.save_note_h': 3,
                'help.imagery.sources_h': 3,
                'help.imagery.offsets_h': 3,
                'help.streetlevel.using_h': 3,
                'help.gps.using_h': 3,
                'help.qa.tools_h': 3,
                'help.qa.issues_h': 3
            };

            // For each section, squash all the texts into a single markdown document
            var docs = docKeys.map(function(key) {
                var helpkey = 'help.' + key[0];
                var helpPaneReplacements = { version: context.version };
                var text = key[1].reduce(function(all, part) {
                    var subkey = helpkey + '.' + part;
                    var depth = headings[subkey];                              // is this subkey a heading?
                    var hhh = depth ? Array(depth + 1).join('#') + ' ' : '';   // if so, prepend with some ##'s
                    return all + hhh + helpString(subkey, helpPaneReplacements) + '\n\n';
                }, '');

                return {
                    title: _t(helpkey + '.title'),
                    html: marked_1(text.trim())
                        // use keyboard key styling for shortcuts
                        .replace(/<code>/g, '<kbd>')
                        .replace(/<\/code>/g, '<\/kbd>')
                };
            });

            var helpPane = uiPane('help', context)
                .key(_t('help.key'))
                .title(_t('help.title'))
                .description(_t('help.title'))
                .iconName('iD-icon-help');

            helpPane.renderContent = function(content) {

                function clickHelp(d, i) {
                    var rtl = (_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl');
                    content.property('scrollTop', 0);
                    helpPane.selection().select('.pane-heading h2').html(d.title);

                    body.html(d.html);
                    body.selectAll('a')
                        .attr('target', '_blank');
                    menuItems.classed('selected', function(m) {
                        return m.title === d.title;
                    });

                    nav.html('');
                    if (rtl) {
                        nav.call(drawNext).call(drawPrevious);
                    } else {
                        nav.call(drawPrevious).call(drawNext);
                    }


                    function drawNext(selection) {
                        if (i < docs.length - 1) {
                            var nextLink = selection
                                .append('a')
                                .attr('class', 'next')
                                .on('click', function() {
                                    clickHelp(docs[i + 1], i + 1);
                                });

                            nextLink
                                .append('span')
                                .text(docs[i + 1].title)
                                .call(svgIcon((rtl ? '#iD-icon-backward' : '#iD-icon-forward'), 'inline'));
                        }
                    }


                    function drawPrevious(selection) {
                        if (i > 0) {
                            var prevLink = selection
                                .append('a')
                                .attr('class', 'previous')
                                .on('click', function() {
                                    clickHelp(docs[i - 1], i - 1);
                                });

                            prevLink
                                .call(svgIcon((rtl ? '#iD-icon-forward' : '#iD-icon-backward'), 'inline'))
                                .append('span')
                                .text(docs[i - 1].title);
                        }
                    }
                }


                function clickWalkthrough() {
                    if (context.inIntro()) { return; }
                    context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
                    context.ui().togglePanes();
                }


                function clickShortcuts() {
                    context.container().call(uiShortcuts(context), true);
                }

                var toc = content
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'toc');

                var menuItems = toc.selectAll('li')
                    .data(docs)
                    .enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .append('a')
                    .html(function(d) { return d.title; })
                    .on('click', clickHelp);

                var shortcuts = toc
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'shortcuts')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('shortcuts.tooltip'))
                        .keys(['?'])
                        .placement('top')
                    )
                    .append('a')
                    .on('click', clickShortcuts);

                shortcuts
                    .append('div')
                    .text(_t('shortcuts.title'));

                var walkthrough = toc
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'walkthrough')
                    .append('a')
                    .on('click', clickWalkthrough);

                walkthrough
                    .append('svg')
                    .attr('class', 'logo logo-walkthrough')
                    .append('use')
                    .attr('xlink:href', '#iD-logo-walkthrough');

                walkthrough
                    .append('div')
                    .text(_t('splash.walkthrough'));


                var helpContent = content
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'left-content');

                var body = helpContent
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'body');

                var nav = helpContent
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'nav');

                clickHelp(docs[0], 0);

            };

            return helpPane;
        }

        function uiSectionValidationIssues(id, severity, context) {

            var _issues = [];

            var section = uiSection(id, context)
                .title(function() {
                    if (!_issues) { return ''; }
                    var issueCountText = _issues.length > 1000 ? '1000+' : String(_issues.length);
                    return _t('issues.' + severity + 's.list_title', { count: issueCountText });
                })
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
                .shouldDisplay(function() {
                    return _issues && _issues.length;
                });

            function getOptions() {
                return {
                    what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
                    where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
                };
            }

            // get and cache the issues to display, unordered
            function reloadIssues() {
                _issues = context.validator().getIssuesBySeverity(getOptions())[severity];
            }

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {

                var center = context.map().center();
                var graph = context.graph();

                // sort issues by distance away from the center of the map
                var issues = _issues.map(function withDistance(issue) {
                        var extent = issue.extent(graph);
                        var dist = extent ? geoSphericalDistance(center, extent.center()) : 0;
                        return Object.assign(issue, { dist: dist });
                    })
                    .sort(function byDistance(a, b) {
                        return a.dist - b.dist;
                    });

                // cut off at 1000
                issues = issues.slice(0, 1000);

                //renderIgnoredIssuesReset(_warningsSelection);

                selection
                    .call(drawIssuesList, issues);
            }

            function drawIssuesList(selection, issues) {
                var list = selection.selectAll('.issues-list')
                    .data([0]);

                list = list.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list issues-list ' + severity + 's-list')
                    .merge(list);


                var items = list.selectAll('li')
                    .data(issues, function(d) { return d.id; });

                // Exit
                items.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var itemsEnter = items.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', function (d) { return 'issue severity-' + d.severity; })
                    .on('click', function(d) {
                        context.validator().focusIssue(d);
                    })
                    .on('mouseover', function(d) {
                        utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, true, context);
                    })
                    .on('mouseout', function(d) {
                        utilHighlightEntities(d.entityIds, false, context);
                    });


                var labelsEnter = itemsEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-label');

                var textEnter = labelsEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-text');

                textEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-icon')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        var iconName = '#iD-icon-' + (d.severity === 'warning' ? 'alert' : 'error');
                        select(this)
                            .call(svgIcon(iconName));
                    });

                textEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-message');

                /*
                labelsEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-autofix')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        if (!d.autoFix) return;

                        d3_select(this)
                            .append('button')
                            .attr('title', t('issues.fix_one.title'))
                            .datum(d.autoFix)  // set button datum to the autofix
                            .attr('class', 'autofix action')
                            .on('click', function(d) {
                                d3_event.preventDefault();
                                d3_event.stopPropagation();

                                var issuesEntityIDs = d.issue.entityIds;
                                utilHighlightEntities(issuesEntityIDs.concat(d.entityIds), false, context);

                                context.perform.apply(context, d.autoArgs);
                                context.validator().validate();
                            })
                            .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-wrench'));
                    });
                */

                // Update
                items = items
                    .merge(itemsEnter)
                    .order();

                items.selectAll('.issue-message')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        return d.message(context);
                    });

                /*
                // autofix
                var canAutoFix = issues.filter(function(issue) { return issue.autoFix; });

                var autoFixAll = selection.selectAll('.autofix-all')
                    .data(canAutoFix.length ? [0] : []);

                // exit
                autoFixAll.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var autoFixAllEnter = autoFixAll.enter()
                    .insert('div', '.issues-list')
                    .attr('class', 'autofix-all');

                var linkEnter = autoFixAllEnter
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link')
                    .attr('href', '#');

                linkEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link-text')
                    .text(t('issues.fix_all.title'));

                linkEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'autofix-all-link-icon')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-wrench'));

                if (severity === 'warning') {
                    renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection);
                }

                // update
                autoFixAll = autoFixAll
                    .merge(autoFixAllEnter);

                autoFixAll.selectAll('.autofix-all-link')
                    .on('click', function() {
                        context.pauseChangeDispatch();
                        context.perform(actionNoop());
                        canAutoFix.forEach(function(issue) {
                            var args = issue.autoFix.autoArgs.slice();  // copy
                            if (typeof args[args.length - 1] !== 'function') {
                                args.pop();
                            }
                            args.push(t('issues.fix_all.annotation'));
                            context.replace.apply(context, args);
                        });
                        context.resumeChangeDispatch();
                        context.validator().validate();
                    });
                */
            }

            context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationIssues' + id, function() {
                window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
                    reloadIssues();
                    section.reRender();
                });
            });

            context.map().on('move.uiSectionValidationIssues' + id,
                debounce(function() {
                    window.requestIdleCallback(function() {
                        if (getOptions().where === 'visible') {
                            // must refetch issues if they are viewport-dependent
                            reloadIssues();
                        }
                        // always reload list to re-sort-by-distance
                        section.reRender();
                    });
                }, 1000)
            );

            return section;
        }

        function uiSectionValidationOptions(context) {

            var section = uiSection('issues-options', context)
                .content(renderContent);

            function renderContent(selection) {

                var container = selection.selectAll('.issues-options-container')
                    .data([0]);

                container = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'issues-options-container')
                    .merge(container);

                var data = [
                    { key: 'what', values: ['edited', 'all'] },
                    { key: 'where', values: ['visible', 'all'] }
                ];

                var options = container.selectAll('.issues-option')
                    .data(data, function(d) { return d.key; });

                var optionsEnter = options.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'issues-option issues-option-' + d.key; });

                optionsEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'issues-option-title')
                    .text(function(d) { return _t('issues.options.' + d.key + '.title'); });

                var valuesEnter = optionsEnter.selectAll('label')
                    .data(function(d) {
                        return d.values.map(function(val) { return { value: val, key: d.key }; });
                    })
                    .enter()
                    .append('label');

                valuesEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'radio')
                    .attr('name', function(d) { return 'issues-option-' + d.key; })
                    .attr('value', function(d) { return d.value; })
                    .property('checked', function(d) { return getOptions()[d.key] === d.value; })
                    .on('change', function(d) { updateOptionValue(d.key, d.value); });

                valuesEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) { return _t('issues.options.' + d.key + '.' + d.value); });
            }

            function getOptions() {
                return {
                    what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',  // 'all', 'edited'
                    where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'    // 'all', 'visible'
                };
            }

            function updateOptionValue(d, val) {
                if (!val && event && event.target) {
                    val = event.target.value;
                }

                corePreferences('validate-' + d, val);
                context.validator().validate();
            }

            return section;
        }

        function uiSectionValidationRules(context) {

            var MINSQUARE = 0;
            var MAXSQUARE = 20;
            var DEFAULTSQUARE = 5;  // see also unsquare_way.js

            var section = uiSection('issues-rules', context)
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
                .title(_t('issues.rules.title'));

            var _ruleKeys = context.validator().getRuleKeys()
                .filter(function(key) { return key !== 'maprules'; })
                .sort(function(key1, key2) {
                    // alphabetize by localized title
                    return _t('issues.' + key1 + '.title') < _t('issues.' + key2 + '.title') ? -1 : 1;
                });

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
                var container = selection.selectAll('.issues-rulelist-container')
                    .data([0]);

                var containerEnter = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'issues-rulelist-container');

                containerEnter
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list issue-rules-list');

                var ruleLinks = containerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-rules-links section-footer');

                ruleLinks
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-rules-link')
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .text(_t('issues.enable_all'))
                    .on('click', function() {
                        context.validator().disableRules([]);
                    });

                ruleLinks
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'issue-rules-link')
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .text(_t('issues.disable_all'))
                    .on('click', function() {
                        context.validator().disableRules(_ruleKeys);
                    });


                // Update
                container = container
                    .merge(containerEnter);

                container.selectAll('.issue-rules-list')
                    .call(drawListItems, _ruleKeys, 'checkbox', 'rule', toggleRule, isRuleEnabled);
            }

            function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
                var items = selection.selectAll('li')
                    .data(data);

                // Exit
                items.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var enter = items.enter()
                    .append('li');

                if (name === 'rule') {
                    enter
                        .call(uiTooltip()
                            .title(function(d) { return _t('issues.' + d + '.tip'); })
                            .placement('top')
                        );
                }

                var label = enter
                    .append('label');

                label
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', type)
                    .attr('name', name)
                    .on('change', change);

                label
                    .append('span')
                    .html(function(d) {
                        var params = {};
                        if (d === 'unsquare_way') {
                            params.val = '<span class="square-degrees"></span>';
                        }
                        return _t('issues.' + d + '.title', params);
                    });

                // Update
                items = items
                    .merge(enter);

                items
                    .classed('active', active)
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', active)
                    .property('indeterminate', false);


                // user-configurable square threshold
                var degStr = corePreferences('validate-square-degrees');
                if (degStr === null) {
                    degStr = '' + DEFAULTSQUARE;
                }

                var span = items.selectAll('.square-degrees');
                var input = span.selectAll('.square-degrees-input')
                    .data([0]);

                // enter / update
                input.enter()
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'number')
                    .attr('min', '' + MINSQUARE)
                    .attr('max', '' + MAXSQUARE)
                    .attr('step', '0.5')
                    .attr('class', 'square-degrees-input')
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .on('click', function () {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        this.select();
                    })
                    .on('keyup', function () {
                        if (event.keyCode === 13) { // enter
                            this.blur();
                            this.select();
                        }
                    })
                    .on('blur', changeSquare)
                    .merge(input)
                    .property('value', degStr);
            }

            function changeSquare() {
                var input = select(this);
                var degStr = utilGetSetValue(input).trim();
                var degNum = parseFloat(degStr, 10);

                if (!isFinite(degNum)) {
                    degNum = DEFAULTSQUARE;
                } else if (degNum > MAXSQUARE) {
                    degNum = MAXSQUARE;
                } else if (degNum < MINSQUARE) {
                    degNum = MINSQUARE;
                }

                degNum = Math.round(degNum * 10 ) / 10;   // round to 1 decimal
                degStr = '' + degNum;

                input
                    .property('value', degStr);

                corePreferences('validate-square-degrees', degStr);
                context.validator().reloadUnsquareIssues();
            }

            function isRuleEnabled(d) {
                return context.validator().isRuleEnabled(d);
            }

            function toggleRule(d) {
                context.validator().toggleRule(d);
            }

            context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationRules', function() {
                window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
            });

            return section;
        }

        function uiSectionValidationStatus(context) {

            var section = uiSection('issues-status', context)
                .content(renderContent)
                .shouldDisplay(function() {
                    var issues = context.validator().getIssues(getOptions());
                    return issues.length === 0;
                });

            function getOptions() {
                return {
                    what: corePreferences('validate-what') || 'edited',
                    where: corePreferences('validate-where') || 'all'
                };
            }

            function renderContent(selection) {

                var box = selection.selectAll('.box')
                    .data([0]);

                var boxEnter = box.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'box');

                boxEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-apply', 'pre-text'));

                var noIssuesMessage = boxEnter
                    .append('span');

                noIssuesMessage
                    .append('strong')
                    .attr('class', 'message');

                noIssuesMessage
                    .append('br');

                noIssuesMessage
                    .append('span')
                    .attr('class', 'details');

                renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection);
                setNoIssuesText(selection);
            }

            function renderIgnoredIssuesReset(selection) {

                var ignoredIssues = context.validator()
                    .getIssues({ what: 'all', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: true, includeIgnored: 'only' });

                var resetIgnored = selection.selectAll('.reset-ignored')
                    .data(ignoredIssues.length ? [0] : []);

                // exit
                resetIgnored.exit()
                    .remove();

                // enter
                var resetIgnoredEnter = resetIgnored.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'reset-ignored section-footer');

                resetIgnoredEnter
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('href', '#');

                // update
                resetIgnored = resetIgnored
                    .merge(resetIgnoredEnter);

                resetIgnored.select('a')
                    .text(_t('issues.reset_ignored', { count: ignoredIssues.length.toString() }));

                resetIgnored.on('click', function() {
                    context.validator().resetIgnoredIssues();
                });
            }

            function setNoIssuesText(selection) {

                var opts = getOptions();

                function checkForHiddenIssues(cases) {
                    for (var type in cases) {
                        var hiddenOpts = cases[type];
                        var hiddenIssues = context.validator().getIssues(hiddenOpts);
                        if (hiddenIssues.length) {
                            selection.select('.box .details')
                                .text(_t(
                                    'issues.no_issues.hidden_issues.' + type,
                                    { count: hiddenIssues.length.toString() }
                                ));
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                    selection.select('.box .details')
                        .text(_t('issues.no_issues.hidden_issues.none'));
                }

                var messageType;

                if (opts.what === 'edited' && opts.where === 'visible') {

                    messageType = 'edits_in_view';

                    checkForHiddenIssues({
                        elsewhere: { what: 'edited', where: 'all' },
                        everything_else: { what: 'all', where: 'visible' },
                        disabled_rules: { what: 'edited', where: 'visible', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
                        everything_else_elsewhere: { what: 'all', where: 'all' },
                        disabled_rules_elsewhere: { what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
                        ignored_issues: { what: 'edited', where: 'visible', includeIgnored: 'only' },
                        ignored_issues_elsewhere: { what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeIgnored: 'only' }
                    });

                } else if (opts.what === 'edited' && opts.where === 'all') {

                    messageType = 'edits';

                    checkForHiddenIssues({
                        everything_else: { what: 'all', where: 'all' },
                        disabled_rules: { what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
                        ignored_issues: { what: 'edited', where: 'all', includeIgnored: 'only' }
                    });

                } else if (opts.what === 'all' && opts.where === 'visible') {

                    messageType = 'everything_in_view';

                    checkForHiddenIssues({
                        elsewhere: { what: 'all', where: 'all' },
                        disabled_rules: { what: 'all', where: 'visible', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
                        disabled_rules_elsewhere: { what: 'all', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
                        ignored_issues: { what: 'all', where: 'visible', includeIgnored: 'only' },
                        ignored_issues_elsewhere: { what: 'all', where: 'all', includeIgnored: 'only' }
                    });
                } else if (opts.what === 'all' && opts.where === 'all') {

                    messageType = 'everything';

                    checkForHiddenIssues({
                        disabled_rules: { what: 'all', where: 'all', includeDisabledRules: 'only' },
                        ignored_issues: { what: 'all', where: 'all', includeIgnored: 'only' }
                    });
                }

                if (opts.what === 'edited' && context.history().difference().summary().length === 0) {
                    messageType = 'no_edits';
                }

                selection.select('.box .message')
                    .text(_t('issues.no_issues.message.' + messageType));

            }

            context.validator().on('validated.uiSectionValidationStatus', function() {
                window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
            });

            context.map().on('move.uiSectionValidationStatus',
                debounce(function() {
                    window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
                }, 1000)
            );

            return section;
        }

        function uiPaneIssues(context) {

            var issuesPane = uiPane('issues', context)
                .key(_t('issues.key'))
                .title(_t('issues.title'))
                .description(_t('issues.title'))
                .iconName('iD-icon-alert')
                .sections([
                    uiSectionValidationOptions(context),
                    uiSectionValidationStatus(context),
                    uiSectionValidationIssues('issues-errors', 'error', context),
                    uiSectionValidationIssues('issues-warnings', 'warning', context),
                    uiSectionValidationRules(context)
                ]);

            return issuesPane;
        }

        function uiSettingsCustomData(context) {
            var dispatch$1 = dispatch('change');

            function render(selection) {
                var dataLayer = context.layers().layer('data');

                // keep separate copies of original and current settings
                var _origSettings = {
                    fileList: (dataLayer && dataLayer.fileList()) || null,
                    url: corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url')
                };
                var _currSettings = {
                    fileList: (dataLayer && dataLayer.fileList()) || null,
                    url: corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url')
                };

                // var example = 'https://{switch:a,b,c}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png';
                var modal = uiConfirm(selection).okButton();

                modal
                    .classed('settings-modal settings-custom-data', true);

                modal.select('.modal-section.header')
                    .append('h3')
                    .text(_t('settings.custom_data.header'));


                var textSection = modal.select('.modal-section.message-text');

                textSection
                    .append('pre')
                    .attr('class', 'instructions-file')
                    .text(_t('settings.custom_data.file.instructions'));

                textSection
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('class', 'field-file')
                    .attr('type', 'file')
                    .property('files', _currSettings.fileList)  // works for all except IE11
                    .on('change', function() {
                        var files = event.target.files;
                        if (files && files.length) {
                            _currSettings.url = '';
                            textSection.select('.field-url').property('value', '');
                            _currSettings.fileList = files;
                        } else {
                            _currSettings.fileList = null;
                        }
                    });

                textSection
                    .append('h4')
                    .text(_t('settings.custom_data.or'));

                textSection
                    .append('pre')
                    .attr('class', 'instructions-url')
                    .text(_t('settings.custom_data.url.instructions'));

                textSection
                    .append('textarea')
                    .attr('class', 'field-url')
                    .attr('placeholder', _t('settings.custom_data.url.placeholder'))
                    .call(utilNoAuto)
                    .property('value', _currSettings.url);


                // insert a cancel button
                var buttonSection = modal.select('.modal-section.buttons');

                buttonSection
                    .insert('button', '.ok-button')
                    .attr('class', 'button cancel-button secondary-action')
                    .text(_t('confirm.cancel'));


                buttonSection.select('.cancel-button')
                    .on('click.cancel', clickCancel);

                buttonSection.select('.ok-button')
                    .attr('disabled', isSaveDisabled)
                    .on('click.save', clickSave);


                function isSaveDisabled() {
                    return null;
                }


                // restore the original url
                function clickCancel() {
                    textSection.select('.field-url').property('value', _origSettings.url);
                    corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', _origSettings.url);
                    this.blur();
                    modal.close();
                }

                // accept the current url
                function clickSave() {
                    _currSettings.url = textSection.select('.field-url').property('value').trim();

                    // one or the other but not both
                    if (_currSettings.url) { _currSettings.fileList = null; }
                    if (_currSettings.fileList) { _currSettings.url = ''; }

                    corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', _currSettings.url);
                    this.blur();
                    modal.close();
                    dispatch$1.call('change', this, _currSettings);
                }
            }

            return utilRebind(render, dispatch$1, 'on');
        }

        function uiSectionDataLayers(context) {

            var settingsCustomData = uiSettingsCustomData(context)
                .on('change', customChanged);

            var layers = context.layers();

            var section = uiSection('data-layers', context)
                .title(_t('map_data.data_layers'))
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
                var container = selection.selectAll('.data-layer-container')
                    .data([0]);

                container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'data-layer-container')
                    .merge(container)
                    .call(drawOsmItems)
                    .call(drawQAItems)
                    .call(drawCustomDataItems)
                    .call(drawVectorItems)      // Beta - Detroit mapping challenge
                    .call(drawPanelItems);
            }

            function showsLayer(which) {
                var layer = layers.layer(which);
                if (layer) {
                    return layer.enabled();
                }
                return false;
            }

            function setLayer(which, enabled) {
                // Don't allow layer changes while drawing - #6584
                var mode = context.mode();
                if (mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id)) { return; }

                var layer = layers.layer(which);
                if (layer) {
                    layer.enabled(enabled);

                    if (!enabled && (which === 'osm' || which === 'notes')) {
                        context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                    }
                }
            }

            function toggleLayer(which) {
                setLayer(which, !showsLayer(which));
            }

            function drawOsmItems(selection) {
                var osmKeys = ['osm', 'notes'];
                var osmLayers = layers.all().filter(function(obj) { return osmKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1; });

                var ul = selection
                    .selectAll('.layer-list-osm')
                    .data([0]);

                ul = ul.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-osm')
                    .merge(ul);

                var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item')
                    .data(osmLayers);

                li.exit()
                    .remove();

                var liEnter = li.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'list-item list-item-' + d.id; });

                var labelEnter = liEnter
                    .append('label')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        if (d.id === 'osm') {
                            select(this)
                                .call(uiTooltip()
                                    .title(_t('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip'))
                                    .keys([uiCmd('⌥' + _t('area_fill.wireframe.key'))])
                                    .placement('bottom')
                                );
                        } else {
                            select(this)
                                .call(uiTooltip()
                                    .title(_t('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip'))
                                    .placement('bottom')
                                );
                        }
                    });

                labelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .on('change', function(d) { toggleLayer(d.id); });

                labelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) { return _t('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.title'); });


                // Update
                li
                    .merge(liEnter)
                    .classed('active', function (d) { return d.layer.enabled(); })
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', function (d) { return d.layer.enabled(); });
            }

            function drawQAItems(selection) {
                var qaKeys = ['keepRight', 'improveOSM', 'osmose'];
                var qaLayers = layers.all().filter(function(obj) { return qaKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1; });

                var ul = selection
                    .selectAll('.layer-list-qa')
                    .data([0]);

                ul = ul.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-qa')
                    .merge(ul);

                var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item')
                    .data(qaLayers);

                li.exit()
                    .remove();

                var liEnter = li.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'list-item list-item-' + d.id; });

                var labelEnter = liEnter
                    .append('label')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        select(this)
                            .call(uiTooltip()
                                .title(_t('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.tooltip'))
                                .placement('bottom')
                            );
                    });

                labelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .on('change', function(d) { toggleLayer(d.id); });

                labelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) { return _t('map_data.layers.' + d.id + '.title'); });


                // Update
                li
                    .merge(liEnter)
                    .classed('active', function (d) { return d.layer.enabled(); })
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', function (d) { return d.layer.enabled(); });
            }

            // Beta feature - sample vector layers to support Detroit Mapping Challenge
            // https://github.com/osmus/detroit-mapping-challenge
            function drawVectorItems(selection) {
                var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
                var vtData = [
                    {
                        name: 'Detroit Neighborhoods/Parks',
                        src: 'neighborhoods-parks',
                        tooltip: 'Neighborhood boundaries and parks as compiled by City of Detroit in concert with community groups.',
                        template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmur6x34562qp9iv1u3ksf-54hev,jonahadkins.cjksmqxdx33jj2wp90xd9x2md-4e5y2/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
                    }, {
                        name: 'Detroit Composite POIs',
                        src: 'composite-poi',
                        tooltip: 'Fire Inspections, Business Licenses, and other public location data collated from the City of Detroit.',
                        template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmm6a02sli31myxhsr7zf3-2sw8h/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
                    }, {
                        name: 'Detroit All-The-Places POIs',
                        src: 'alltheplaces-poi',
                        tooltip: 'Public domain business location data created by web scrapers.',
                        template: 'https://{switch:a,b,c,d}.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/jonahadkins.cjksmswgk340g2vo06p1w9w0j-8fjjc/{z}/{x}/{y}.vector.pbf?access_token=pk.eyJ1Ijoiam9uYWhhZGtpbnMiLCJhIjoiRlVVVkx3VSJ9.9sdVEK_B_VkEXPjssU5MqA'
                    }
                ];

                // Only show this if the map is around Detroit..
                var detroit = geoExtent([-83.5, 42.1], [-82.8, 42.5]);
                var showVectorItems = (context.map().zoom() > 9 && detroit.contains(context.map().center()));

                var container = selection.selectAll('.vectortile-container')
                    .data(showVectorItems ? [0] : []);

                container.exit()
                    .remove();

                var containerEnter = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'vectortile-container');

                containerEnter
                    .append('h4')
                    .attr('class', 'vectortile-header')
                    .text('Detroit Vector Tiles (Beta)');

                containerEnter
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-vectortile');

                containerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'vectortile-footer')
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
                    .attr('href', 'https://github.com/osmus/detroit-mapping-challenge')
                    .append('span')
                    .text('About these layers');

                container = container
                    .merge(containerEnter);


                var ul = container.selectAll('.layer-list-vectortile');

                var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item')
                    .data(vtData);

                li.exit()
                    .remove();

                var liEnter = li.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', function(d) { return 'list-item list-item-' + d.src; });

                var labelEnter = liEnter
                    .append('label')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        select(this).call(
                            uiTooltip().title(d.tooltip).placement('top')
                        );
                    });

                labelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'radio')
                    .attr('name', 'vectortile')
                    .on('change', selectVTLayer);

                labelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) { return d.name; });

                // Update
                li
                    .merge(liEnter)
                    .classed('active', isVTLayerSelected)
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', isVTLayerSelected);


                function isVTLayerSelected(d) {
                    return dataLayer && dataLayer.template() === d.template;
                }

                function selectVTLayer(d) {
                    corePreferences('settings-custom-data-url', d.template);
                    if (dataLayer) {
                        dataLayer.template(d.template, d.src);
                        dataLayer.enabled(true);
                    }
                }
            }

            function drawCustomDataItems(selection) {
                var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');
                var hasData = dataLayer && dataLayer.hasData();
                var showsData = hasData && dataLayer.enabled();

                var ul = selection
                    .selectAll('.layer-list-data')
                    .data(dataLayer ? [0] : []);

                // Exit
                ul.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var ulEnter = ul.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-data');

                var liEnter = ulEnter
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'list-item-data');

                var labelEnter = liEnter
                    .append('label')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('map_data.layers.custom.tooltip'))
                        .placement('top')
                    );

                labelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .on('change', function() { toggleLayer('data'); });

                labelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('map_data.layers.custom.title'));

                liEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('settings.custom_data.tooltip'))
                        .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
                    )
                    .on('click', editCustom)
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-more'));

                liEnter
                    .append('button')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('map_data.layers.custom.zoom'))
                        .placement((_mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'rtl') ? 'right' : 'left')
                    )
                    .on('click', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        dataLayer.fitZoom();
                    })
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-framed-dot'));

                // Update
                ul = ul
                    .merge(ulEnter);

                ul.selectAll('.list-item-data')
                    .classed('active', showsData)
                    .selectAll('label')
                    .classed('deemphasize', !hasData)
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('disabled', !hasData)
                    .property('checked', showsData);
            }

            function editCustom() {
                event.preventDefault();
                context.container()
                    .call(settingsCustomData);
            }

            function customChanged(d) {
                var dataLayer = layers.layer('data');

                if (d && d.url) {
                    dataLayer.url(d.url);
                } else if (d && d.fileList) {
                    dataLayer.fileList(d.fileList);
                }
            }


            function drawPanelItems(selection) {

                var panelsListEnter = selection.selectAll('.md-extras-list')
                    .data([0])
                    .enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list md-extras-list');

                var historyPanelLabelEnter = panelsListEnter
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'history-panel-toggle-item')
                    .append('label')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('map_data.history_panel.tooltip'))
                        .keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.history.key'))])
                        .placement('top')
                    );

                historyPanelLabelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .on('change', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        context.ui().info.toggle('history');
                    });

                historyPanelLabelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('map_data.history_panel.title'));

                var measurementPanelLabelEnter = panelsListEnter
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'measurement-panel-toggle-item')
                    .append('label')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(_t('map_data.measurement_panel.tooltip'))
                        .keys([uiCmd('⌘⇧' + _t('info_panels.measurement.key'))])
                        .placement('top')
                    );

                measurementPanelLabelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .on('change', function() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        context.ui().info.toggle('measurement');
                    });

                measurementPanelLabelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(_t('map_data.measurement_panel.title'));
            }

            context.layers().on('change.uiSectionDataLayers', section.reRender);

            context.map()
                .on('move.uiSectionDataLayers',
                    debounce(function() {
                        // Detroit layers may have moved in or out of view
                        window.requestIdleCallback(section.reRender);
                    }, 1000)
                );

            return section;
        }

        function uiSectionMapFeatures(context) {

            var _features = context.features().keys();

            var section = uiSection('map-features', context)
                .title(_t('map_data.map_features'))
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
                .expandedByDefault(false);

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {

                var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-feature-list-container')
                    .data([0]);

                var containerEnter = container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-feature-list-container');

                containerEnter
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-feature-list');

                var footer = containerEnter
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'feature-list-links section-footer');

                footer
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'feature-list-link')
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .text(_t('issues.enable_all'))
                    .on('click', function() {
                        context.features().enableAll();
                    });

                footer
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('class', 'feature-list-link')
                    .attr('href', '#')
                    .text(_t('issues.disable_all'))
                    .on('click', function() {
                        context.features().disableAll();
                    });

                // Update
                container = container
                    .merge(containerEnter);

                container.selectAll('.layer-feature-list')
                    .call(drawListItems, _features, 'checkbox', 'feature', clickFeature, showsFeature);
            }

            function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
                var items = selection.selectAll('li')
                    .data(data);

                // Exit
                items.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var enter = items.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(function(d) {
                            var tip = _t(name + '.' + d + '.tooltip');
                            if (autoHiddenFeature(d)) {
                                var msg = showsLayer('osm') ? _t('map_data.autohidden') : _t('map_data.osmhidden');
                                tip += '<div>' + msg + '</div>';
                            }
                            return tip;
                        })
                        .placement('top')
                    );

                var label = enter
                    .append('label');

                label
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', type)
                    .attr('name', name)
                    .on('change', change);

                label
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) { return _t(name + '.' + d + '.description'); });

                // Update
                items = items
                    .merge(enter);

                items
                    .classed('active', active)
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', active)
                    .property('indeterminate', autoHiddenFeature);
            }

            function autoHiddenFeature(d) {
                return context.features().autoHidden(d);
            }

            function showsFeature(d) {
                return context.features().enabled(d);
            }

            function clickFeature(d) {
                context.features().toggle(d);
            }

            function showsLayer(id) {
                var layer = context.layers().layer(id);
                return layer && layer.enabled();
            }

            // add listeners
            context.features()
                .on('change.map_features', section.reRender);

            return section;
        }

        function uiSectionMapStyleOptions(context) {

            var section = uiSection('fill-area', context)
                .title(_t('map_data.style_options'))
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
                .expandedByDefault(false);

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
                var container = selection.selectAll('.layer-fill-list')
                    .data([0]);

                container.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-fill-list')
                    .merge(container)
                    .call(drawListItems, context.map().areaFillOptions, 'radio', 'area_fill', setFill, isActiveFill);

                var container2 = selection.selectAll('.layer-visual-diff-list')
                    .data([0]);

                container2.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-visual-diff-list')
                    .merge(container2)
                    .call(drawListItems, ['highlight_edits'], 'checkbox', 'visual_diff', toggleHighlightEdited, function() {
                        return context.surface().classed('highlight-edited');
                    });
            }

            function drawListItems(selection, data, type, name, change, active) {
                var items = selection.selectAll('li')
                    .data(data);

                // Exit
                items.exit()
                    .remove();

                // Enter
                var enter = items.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .call(uiTooltip()
                        .title(function(d) {
                            return _t(name + '.' + d + '.tooltip');
                        })
                        .keys(function(d) {
                            var key = (d === 'wireframe' ? _t('area_fill.wireframe.key') : null);
                            if (d === 'highlight_edits') { key = _t('map_data.highlight_edits.key'); }
                            return key ? [key] : null;
                        })
                        .placement('top')
                    );

                var label = enter
                    .append('label');

                label
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', type)
                    .attr('name', name)
                    .on('change', change);

                label
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) { return _t(name + '.' + d + '.description'); });

                // Update
                items = items
                    .merge(enter);

                items
                    .classed('active', active)
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', active)
                    .property('indeterminate', false);
            }

            function isActiveFill(d) {
                return context.map().activeAreaFill() === d;
            }

            function toggleHighlightEdited() {
                event.preventDefault();
                context.map().toggleHighlightEdited();
            }

            function setFill(d) {
                context.map().activeAreaFill(d);
            }

            context.map()
                .on('changeHighlighting.ui_style, changeAreaFill.ui_style', section.reRender);

            return section;
        }

        function uiSectionPhotoOverlays(context) {

            var layers = context.layers();

            var section = uiSection('photo-overlays', context)
                .title(_t('photo_overlays.title'))
                .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent)
                .expandedByDefault(false);

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
                var container = selection.selectAll('.photo-overlay-container')
                    .data([0]);

                container.enter()
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'photo-overlay-container')
                    .merge(container)
                    .call(drawPhotoItems)
                    .call(drawPhotoTypeItems);
            }

            function drawPhotoItems(selection) {
                var photoKeys = context.photos().overlayLayerIDs();
                var photoLayers = layers.all().filter(function(obj) { return photoKeys.indexOf(obj.id) !== -1; });
                var data = photoLayers.filter(function(obj) { return obj.layer.supported(); });

                function layerSupported(d) {
                    return d.layer && d.layer.supported();
                }
                function layerEnabled(d) {
                    return layerSupported(d) && d.layer.enabled();
                }

                var ul = selection
                    .selectAll('.layer-list-photos')
                    .data([0]);

                ul = ul.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-photos')
                    .merge(ul);

                var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-photos')
                    .data(data);

                li.exit()
                    .remove();

                var liEnter = li.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', function(d) {
                        var classes = 'list-item-photos list-item-' + d.id;
                        if (d.id === 'mapillary-signs' || d.id === 'mapillary-map-features') {
                            classes += ' indented';
                        }
                        return classes;
                    });

                var labelEnter = liEnter
                    .append('label')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        var titleID;
                        if (d.id === 'mapillary-signs') { titleID = 'mapillary.signs.tooltip'; }
                        else if (d.id === 'mapillary') { titleID = 'mapillary_images.tooltip'; }
                        else if (d.id === 'openstreetcam') { titleID = 'openstreetcam_images.tooltip'; }
                        else { titleID = d.id.replace(/-/g, '_') + '.tooltip'; }
                        select(this)
                            .call(uiTooltip()
                                .title(_t(titleID))
                                .placement('top')
                            );
                    });

                labelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .on('change', function(d) { toggleLayer(d.id); });

                labelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        var id = d.id;
                        if (id === 'mapillary-signs') { id = 'photo_overlays.traffic_signs'; }
                        return _t(id.replace(/-/g, '_') + '.title');
                    });


                // Update
                li
                    .merge(liEnter)
                    .classed('active', layerEnabled)
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', layerEnabled);
            }

            function drawPhotoTypeItems(selection) {
                var data = context.photos().allPhotoTypes();

                function typeEnabled(d) {
                    return context.photos().showsPhotoType(d);
                }

                var ul = selection
                    .selectAll('.layer-list-photo-types')
                    .data(context.photos().shouldFilterByPhotoType() ? [0] : []);

                ul.exit()
                    .remove();

                ul = ul.enter()
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'layer-list layer-list-photo-types')
                    .merge(ul);

                var li = ul.selectAll('.list-item-photo-types')
                    .data(data);

                li.exit()
                    .remove();

                var liEnter = li.enter()
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', function(d) {
                        return 'list-item-photo-types list-item-' + d;
                    });

                var labelEnter = liEnter
                    .append('label')
                    .each(function(d) {
                        select(this)
                            .call(uiTooltip()
                                .title(_t('photo_overlays.photo_type.' + d + '.tooltip'))
                                .placement('top')
                            );
                    });

                labelEnter
                    .append('input')
                    .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                    .on('change', function(d) {
                        context.photos().togglePhotoType(d);
                    });

                labelEnter
                    .append('span')
                    .text(function(d) {
                        return _t('photo_overlays.photo_type.' + d + '.title');
                    });


                // Update
                li
                    .merge(liEnter)
                    .classed('active', typeEnabled)
                    .selectAll('input')
                    .property('checked', typeEnabled);
            }

            function toggleLayer(which) {
                setLayer(which, !showsLayer(which));
            }

            function showsLayer(which) {
                var layer = layers.layer(which);
                if (layer) {
                    return layer.enabled();
                }
                return false;
            }

            function setLayer(which, enabled) {
                var layer = layers.layer(which);
                if (layer) {
                    layer.enabled(enabled);
                }
            }

            context.layers().on('change.uiSectionPhotoOverlays', section.reRender);
            context.photos().on('change.uiSectionPhotoOverlays', section.reRender);

            return section;
        }

        function uiPaneMapData(context) {

            var mapDataPane = uiPane('map-data', context)
                .key(_t('map_data.key'))
                .title(_t('map_data.title'))
                .description(_t('map_data.description'))
                .iconName('iD-icon-data')
                .sections([
                    uiSectionDataLayers(context),
                    uiSectionPhotoOverlays(context),
                    uiSectionMapStyleOptions(context),
                    uiSectionMapFeatures(context)
                ]);

            return mapDataPane;
        }

        function uiSectionPrivacy(context) {

            var section = uiSection('preferences-third-party', context)
              .title(_t('preferences.privacy.title'))
              .disclosureContent(renderDisclosureContent);

            var _showThirdPartyIcons = corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons') || 'true';

            function renderDisclosureContent(selection) {
              // enter
              var privacyOptionsListEnter = selection.selectAll('.privacy-options-list')
                .data([0])
                .enter()
                .append('ul')
                .attr('class', 'layer-list privacy-options-list');

              var thirdPartyIconsEnter = privacyOptionsListEnter
                .append('li')
                .attr('class', 'privacy-third-party-icons-item')
                .append('label')
                .call(uiTooltip()
                  .title(_t('preferences.privacy.third_party_icons.tooltip'))
                  .placement('bottom')
                );

              thirdPartyIconsEnter
                .append('input')
                .attr('type', 'checkbox')
                .on('change', function () {
                  event.preventDefault();
                  _showThirdPartyIcons = (_showThirdPartyIcons === 'true') ? 'false' : 'true';
                  corePreferences('preferences.privacy.thirdpartyicons', _showThirdPartyIcons);
                  update();
                });

              thirdPartyIconsEnter
                .append('span')
                .text(_t('preferences.privacy.third_party_icons.description'));


              // Privacy Policy link
              selection.selectAll('.privacy-link')
                .data([0])
                .enter()
                .append('div')
                .attr('class', 'privacy-link')
                .append('a')
                .attr('target', '_blank')
                .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-out-link', 'inline'))
                .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/release/PRIVACY.md')
                .append('span')
                .text(_t('preferences.privacy.privacy_link'));

              update();


              function update() {
                selection.selectAll('.privacy-third-party-icons-item')
                  .classed('active', (_showThirdPartyIcons === 'true'))
                  .select('input')
                  .property('checked', (_showThirdPartyIcons === 'true'));
              }
            }

            return section;
        }

        function uiPanePreferences(context) {

          var preferencesPane = uiPane('preferences', context)
            .key(_t('preferences.key'))
            .title(_t('preferences.title'))
            .description(_t('preferences.description'))
            .iconName('fas-user-cog')
            .sections([
                uiSectionPrivacy(context)
            ]);

          return preferencesPane;
        }

        function uiInit(context) {
            var _initCounter = 0;
            var _needWidth = {};

            var _lastPointerType;


            function render(container) {

                container
                    .on('click.ui', function() {
                        // we're only concerned with the primary mouse button
                        if (event.button !== 0) { return; }

                        if (!event.composedPath) { return; }

                        // some targets have default click events we don't want to override
                        var isOkayTarget = event.composedPath().some(function(node) {
                            // we only care about element nodes
                            return node.nodeType === 1 &&
                                // clicking <input> focuses it and/or changes a value
                                (node.nodeName === 'INPUT' ||
                                // clicking <label> affects its <input> by default
                                node.nodeName === 'LABEL' ||
                                // clicking <a> opens a hyperlink by default
                                node.nodeName === 'A');
                        });
                        if (isOkayTarget) { return; }

                        // disable double-tap-to-zoom on touchscreens
                        event.preventDefault();
                    });

                var detected = utilDetect();

                // only WebKit supports gesture events
                if ('GestureEvent' in window &&
                    // Listening for gesture events on iOS 13.4+ breaks double-tapping,
                    // but we only need to do this on desktop Safari anyway. – #7694
                    !detected.isMobileWebKit) {

                    // On iOS we disable pinch-to-zoom of the UI via the `touch-action`
                    // CSS property, but on desktop Safari we need to manually cancel the
                    // default gesture events.
                    container.on('gesturestart.ui gesturechange.ui gestureend.ui', function() {
                        // disable pinch-to-zoom of the UI via multitouch trackpads on macOS Safari
                        event.preventDefault();
                    });
                }

                if ('PointerEvent' in window) {
                    select(window)
                        .on('pointerdown.ui pointerup.ui', function() {
                            var pointerType = event.pointerType || 'mouse';
                            if (_lastPointerType !== pointerType) {
                                _lastPointerType = pointerType;
                                container
                                    .attr('pointer', pointerType);
                            }
                        }, true);
                } else {
                    _lastPointerType = 'mouse';
                    container
                        .attr('pointer', 'mouse');
                }

                container
                    .attr('dir', _mainLocalizer.textDirection());

                // setup fullscreen keybindings (no button shown at this time)
                container
                    .call(uiFullScreen(context));

                var map = context.map();
                map.redrawEnable(false);  // don't draw until we've set zoom/lat/long

                map
                    .on('hitMinZoom.ui', function() {
                        ui.flash.text(_t('cannot_zoom'))();
                    });

                container
                    .append('svg')
                    .attr('id', 'ideditor-defs')
                    .call(svgDefs(context));

                container
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'sidebar')
                    .call(ui.sidebar);

                var content = container
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'main-content active');

                // Top toolbar
                content
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'top-toolbar-wrap')
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'top-toolbar fillD')
                    .call(uiTopToolbar(context));

                content
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'main-map')
                    .attr('dir', 'ltr')
                    .call(map);

                content
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'spinner')
                    .call(uiSpinner(context));

                // Add attribution and footer
                var about = content
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'map-footer');

                about
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'attribution-wrap')
                    .attr('dir', 'ltr')
                    .call(uiAttribution(context));

                about
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'api-status')
                    .call(uiStatus(context));


                var footer = about
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'map-footer-bar fillD');

                footer
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'flash-wrap footer-hide');

                var footerWrap = footer
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'main-footer-wrap footer-show');

                footerWrap
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'scale-block')
                    .call(uiScale(context));

                var aboutList = footerWrap
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'info-block')
                    .append('ul')
                    .attr('class', 'map-footer-list');

                if (!context.embed()) {
                    aboutList
                        .call(uiAccount(context));
                }

                aboutList
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'version')
                    .call(uiVersion(context));

                var issueLinks = aboutList
                    .append('li');

                issueLinks
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/issues')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-bug', 'light'))
                    .call(uiTooltip().title(_t('report_a_bug')).placement('top'));

                issueLinks
                    .append('a')
                    .attr('target', '_blank')
                    .attr('href', 'https://github.com/openstreetmap/iD/blob/develop/CONTRIBUTING.md#translating')
                    .call(svgIcon('#iD-icon-translate', 'light'))
                    .call(uiTooltip().title(_t('help_translate')).placement('top'));

                aboutList
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'feature-warning')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(uiFeatureInfo(context));

                aboutList
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'issues-info')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(uiIssuesInfo(context));

                var apiConnections = context.apiConnections();
                if (apiConnections && apiConnections.length > 1) {
                    aboutList
                        .append('li')
                        .attr('class', 'source-switch')
                        .attr('tabindex', -1)
                        .call(uiSourceSwitch(context)
                            .keys(apiConnections)
                        );
                }

                aboutList
                    .append('li')
                    .attr('class', 'user-list')
                    .attr('tabindex', -1)
                    .call(uiContributors(context));


                // Setup map dimensions and move map to initial center/zoom.
                // This should happen after .main-content and toolbars exist.
                ui.onResize();
                map.redrawEnable(true);

                ui.hash = behaviorHash(context);
                ui.hash();
                if (!ui.hash.hadHash) {
                    map.centerZoom([0, 0], 2);
                }


                var overMap = content
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'over-map');

                // Map controls
                var controls = overMap
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'map-controls');

                controls
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'map-control zoombuttons')
                    .call(uiZoom(context));

                controls
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'map-control zoom-to-selection-control')
                    .call(uiZoomToSelection(context));

                controls
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'map-control geolocate-control')
                    .call(uiGeolocate(context));

                // Add panes
                // This should happen after map is initialized, as some require surface()
                var panes = overMap
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'map-panes');

                var uiPanes = [
                    uiPaneBackground(context),
                    uiPaneMapData(context),
                    uiPaneIssues(context),
                    uiPanePreferences(context),
                    uiPaneHelp(context)
                ];

                uiPanes.forEach(function(pane) {
                    controls
                        .append('div')
                        .attr('class', 'map-control map-pane-control ' + pane.id + '-control')
                        .call(pane.renderToggleButton);

                    panes
                        .call(pane.renderPane);
                });

                ui.info = uiInfo(context);

                // Add absolutely-positioned elements that sit on top of the map
                // This should happen after the map is ready (center/zoom)
                overMap
                    .call(uiMapInMap(context))
                    .call(ui.info)
                    .call(uiNotice(context));


                overMap
                    .append('div')
                    .attr('class', 'photoviewer')
                    .classed('al', true)       // 'al'=left,  'ar'=right
                    .classed('hide', true)
                    .call(ui.photoviewer);


                // Bind events
                window.onbeforeunload = function() {
                    return context.save();
                };
                window.onunload = function() {
                    context.history().unlock();
                };

                select(window)
                    .on('resize.editor', ui.onResize);


                var panPixels = 80;
                context.keybinding()
                    .on('⌫', function() { event.preventDefault(); })
                    .on([_t('sidebar.key'), '`', '²', '@'], ui.sidebar.toggle)   // #5663, #6864 - common QWERTY, AZERTY
                    .on('←', pan([panPixels, 0]))
                    .on('↑', pan([0, panPixels]))
                    .on('→', pan([-panPixels, 0]))
                    .on('↓', pan([0, -panPixels]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⌘←'), pan([map.dimensions()[0], 0]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⌘↑'), pan([0, map.dimensions()[1]]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⌘→'), pan([-map.dimensions()[0], 0]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⌘↓'), pan([0, -map.dimensions()[1]]))
                    .on(uiCmd('⌘' + _t('background.key')), function quickSwitch() {
                        if (event) {
                            event.stopImmediatePropagation();
                            event.preventDefault();
                        }
                        var previousBackground = context.background().findSource(corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle'));
                        if (previousBackground) {
                            var currentBackground = context.background().baseLayerSource();
                            corePreferences('background-last-used-toggle', currentBackground.id);
                            corePreferences('background-last-used', previousBackground.id);
                            context.background().baseLayerSource(previousBackground);
                        }
                    })
                    .on(_t('area_fill.wireframe.key'), function toggleWireframe() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();
                        context.map().toggleWireframe();
                    })
                    .on(uiCmd('⌥' + _t('area_fill.wireframe.key')), function toggleOsmData() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        event.stopPropagation();

                        // Don't allow layer changes while drawing - #6584
                        var mode = context.mode();
                        if (mode && /^draw/.test(mode.id)) { return; }

                        var layer = context.layers().layer('osm');
                        if (layer) {
                            layer.enabled(!layer.enabled());
                            if (!layer.enabled()) {
                                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));
                            }
                        }
                    })
                    .on(_t('map_data.highlight_edits.key'), function toggleHighlightEdited() {
                        event.preventDefault();
                        context.map().toggleHighlightEdited();
                    });

                context
                    .on('enter.editor', function(entered) {
                        container
                            .classed('mode-' + entered.id, true);
                    })
                    .on('exit.editor', function(exited) {
                        container
                            .classed('mode-' + exited.id, false);
                    });

                context.enter(modeBrowse(context));

                if (!_initCounter++) {
                    if (!ui.hash.startWalkthrough) {
                        context.container()
                            .call(uiSplash(context))
                            .call(uiRestore(context));
                    }

                    context.container()
                        .call(uiShortcuts(context));
                }

                var osm = context.connection();
                var auth = uiLoading(context).message(_t('loading_auth')).blocking(true);

                if (osm && auth) {
                    osm
                        .on('authLoading.ui', function() {
                            context.container()
                                .call(auth);
                        })
                        .on('authDone.ui', function() {
                            auth.close();
                        });
                }

                _initCounter++;

                if (ui.hash.startWalkthrough) {
                    ui.hash.startWalkthrough = false;
                    context.container().call(uiIntro(context));
                }


                function pan(d) {
                    return function() {
                        if (event.shiftKey) { return; }
                        if (context.container().select('.combobox').size()) { return; }
                        event.preventDefault();
                        context.map().pan(d, 100);
                    };
                }

            }


            var ui = {};

            var _loadPromise;
            // renders the iD interface into the container node
            ui.ensureLoaded = function () {

                if (_loadPromise) { return _loadPromise; }

                return _loadPromise = Promise.all([
                        // must have strings and presets before loading the UI
                        _mainLocalizer.ensureLoaded(),
                        _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded()
                    ])
                    .then(function () {
                        if (!context.container().empty()) { render(context.container()); }
                    })
                    .catch(function (err) { return console.error(err); });  // eslint-disable-line
            };


            // `ui.restart()` will destroy and rebuild the entire iD interface,
            // for example to switch the locale while iD is running.
            ui.restart = function() {
                context.keybinding().clear();

                _loadPromise = null;

                context.container().selectAll('*').remove();

                ui.ensureLoaded();
            };

            ui.lastPointerType = function() {
                return _lastPointerType;
            };

            ui.flash = uiFlash(context);

            ui.sidebar = uiSidebar(context);

            ui.photoviewer = uiPhotoviewer(context);

            ui.onResize = function(withPan) {
                var map = context.map();

                // Recalc dimensions of map and sidebar.. (`true` = force recalc)
                // This will call `getBoundingClientRect` and trigger reflow,
                //  but the values will be cached for later use.
                var mapDimensions = utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.main-content'), true);
                utilGetDimensions(context.container().select('.sidebar'), true);

                if (withPan !== undefined) {
                    map.redrawEnable(false);
                    map.pan(withPan);
                    map.redrawEnable(true);
                }
                map.dimensions(mapDimensions);

                ui.photoviewer.onMapResize();

                // check if header or footer have overflowed
                ui.checkOverflow('.top-toolbar');
                ui.checkOverflow('.map-footer-bar');

                // Use outdated code so it works on Explorer
                var resizeWindowEvent = document.createEvent('Event');

                resizeWindowEvent.initEvent('resizeWindow', true, true);

                document.dispatchEvent(resizeWindowEvent);
            };


            // Call checkOverflow when resizing or whenever the contents change.
            ui.checkOverflow = function(selector, reset) {
                if (reset) {
                    delete _needWidth[selector];
                }

                var element = select(selector);
                var scrollWidth = element.property('scrollWidth');
                var clientWidth = element.property('clientWidth');
                var needed = _needWidth[selector] || scrollWidth;

                if (scrollWidth > clientWidth) {    // overflow happening
                    element.classed('narrow', true);
                    if (!_needWidth[selector]) {
                        _needWidth[selector] = scrollWidth;
                    }

                } else if (scrollWidth >= needed) {
                    element.classed('narrow', false);
                }
            };

            ui.togglePanes = function(showPane) {
                var shownPanes = context.container().selectAll('.map-pane.shown');

                var side = _mainLocalizer.textDirection() === 'ltr' ? 'right' : 'left';

                shownPanes
                    .classed('shown', false);

                context.container().selectAll('.map-pane-control button')
                    .classed('active', false);

                if (showPane) {
                    shownPanes
                        .style('display', 'none')
                        .style(side, '-500px');

                    context.container().selectAll('.' + showPane.attr('pane') + '-control button')
                        .classed('active', true);

                    showPane
                        .classed('shown', true)
                        .style('display', 'block');
                    if (shownPanes.empty()) {
                        showPane
                            .style('display', 'block')
                            .style(side, '-500px')
                            .transition()
                            .duration(200)
                            .style(side, '0px');
                    } else {
                        showPane
                            .style(side, '0px');
                    }
                } else {
                    shownPanes
                        .style('display', 'block')
                        .style(side, '0px')
                        .transition()
                        .duration(200)
                        .style(side, '-500px')
                        .on('end', function() {
                            select(this).style('display', 'none');
                        });
                }
            };


            var _editMenu = uiEditMenu(context);

            ui.editMenu = function() {
                return _editMenu;
            };

            ui.showEditMenu = function(anchorPoint, triggerType, operations) {

                // remove any displayed menu
                ui.closeEditMenu();

                if (!operations && context.mode().operations) { operations = context.mode().operations(); }
                if (!operations || !operations.length) { return; }

                // disable menu if in wide selection, for example
                if (!context.map().editableDataEnabled()) { return; }

                var surfaceNode = context.surface().node();
                if (surfaceNode.focus) {   // FF doesn't support it
                    // focus the surface or else clicking off the menu may not trigger modeBrowse
                    surfaceNode.focus();
                }

                operations.forEach(function(operation) {
                    if (operation.point) { operation.point(anchorPoint); }
                });

                _editMenu
                    .anchorLoc(anchorPoint)
                    .triggerType(triggerType)
                    .operations(operations);

                // render the menu
                context.map().supersurface.call(_editMenu);
            };

            ui.closeEditMenu = function() {
                // remove any existing menu no matter how it was added
                context.map().supersurface
                    .select('.edit-menu').remove();
            };


            var _saveLoading = select(null);

            context.uploader()
                .on('saveStarted.ui', function() {
                    _saveLoading = uiLoading(context)
                        .message(_t('save.uploading'))
                        .blocking(true);
                    context.container().call(_saveLoading);  // block input during upload
                })
                .on('saveEnded.ui', function() {
                    _saveLoading.close();
                    _saveLoading = select(null);
                });

            return ui;
        }

        function coreContext() {
          var this$1 = this;

          var dispatch$1 = dispatch('enter', 'exit', 'change');
          var context = utilRebind({}, dispatch$1, 'on');
          var _deferred = new Set();

          context.version = '2.18.5';
          context.privacyVersion = '20200407';

          // iD will alter the hash so cache the parameters intended to setup the session
          context.initialHashParams = window.location.hash ? utilStringQs(window.location.hash) : {};

          context.isFirstSession = !corePreferences('sawSplash') && !corePreferences('sawPrivacyVersion');


          /* Changeset */
          // An osmChangeset object. Not loaded until needed.
          context.changeset = null;

          var _defaultChangesetComment = context.initialHashParams.comment;
          var _defaultChangesetSource = context.initialHashParams.source;
          var _defaultChangesetHashtags = context.initialHashParams.hashtags;
          context.defaultChangesetComment = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _defaultChangesetComment; }
            _defaultChangesetComment = val;
            return context;
          };
          context.defaultChangesetSource = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _defaultChangesetSource; }
            _defaultChangesetSource = val;
            return context;
          };
          context.defaultChangesetHashtags = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _defaultChangesetHashtags; }
            _defaultChangesetHashtags = val;
            return context;
          };

          /* Document title */
          /* (typically shown as the label for the browser window/tab) */

          // If true, iD will update the title based on what the user is doing
          var _setsDocumentTitle = true;
          context.setsDocumentTitle = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _setsDocumentTitle; }
            _setsDocumentTitle = val;
            return context;
          };
          // The part of the title that is always the same
          var _documentTitleBase = document.title;
          context.documentTitleBase = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _documentTitleBase; }
            _documentTitleBase = val;
            return context;
          };


          /* User interface and keybinding */
          var _ui;
          context.ui = function () { return _ui; };
          context.lastPointerType = function () { return _ui.lastPointerType(); };

          var _keybinding = utilKeybinding('context');
          context.keybinding = function () { return _keybinding; };
          select(document).call(_keybinding);


          /* Straight accessors. Avoid using these if you can. */
          // Instantiate the connection here because it doesn't require passing in
          // `context` and it's needed for pre-init calls like `preauth`
          var _connection = services.osm;
          var _history;
          var _validator;
          var _uploader;
          context.connection = function () { return _connection; };
          context.history = function () { return _history; };
          context.validator = function () { return _validator; };
          context.uploader = function () { return _uploader; };

          /* Connection */
          context.preauth = function (options) {
            if (_connection) {
              _connection.switch(options);
            }
            return context;
          };

          /* connection options for source switcher (optional) */
          var _apiConnections;
          context.apiConnections = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _apiConnections; }
            _apiConnections = val;
            return context;
          };


          // A string or array or locale codes to prefer over the browser's settings
          context.locale = function(locale) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _mainLocalizer.localeCode(); }
            _mainLocalizer.preferredLocaleCodes(locale);
            return context;
          };


          function afterLoad(cid, callback) {
            return function (err, result) {
              if (err) {
                // 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden..
                if (err.status === 400 || err.status === 401 || err.status === 403) {
                  if (_connection) {
                    _connection.logout();
                  }
                }
                if (typeof callback === 'function') {
                  callback(err);
                }
                return;

              } else if (_connection && _connection.getConnectionId() !== cid) {
                if (typeof callback === 'function') {
                  callback({ message: 'Connection Switched', status: -1 });
                }
                return;

              } else {
                _history.merge(result.data, result.extent);
                if (typeof callback === 'function') {
                  callback(err, result);
                }
                return;
              }
            };
          }


          context.loadTiles = function (projection, callback) {
            var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
              _deferred.delete(handle);
              if (_connection && context.editableDataEnabled()) {
                var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
                _connection.loadTiles(projection, afterLoad(cid, callback));
              }
            });
            _deferred.add(handle);
          };

          context.loadTileAtLoc = function (loc, callback) {
            var handle = window.requestIdleCallback(function () {
              _deferred.delete(handle);
              if (_connection && context.editableDataEnabled()) {
                var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
                _connection.loadTileAtLoc(loc, afterLoad(cid, callback));
              }
            });
            _deferred.add(handle);
          };

          context.loadEntity = function (entityID, callback) {
            if (_connection) {
              var cid = _connection.getConnectionId();
              _connection.loadEntity(entityID, afterLoad(cid, callback));
            }
          };

          context.zoomToEntity = function (entityID, zoomTo) {
            if (zoomTo !== false) {
              context.loadEntity(entityID, function (err, result) {
                if (err) { return; }
                var entity = result.data.find(function (e) { return e.id === entityID; });
                if (entity) {
                  _map.zoomTo(entity);
                }
              });
            }

            _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', function () {
              if (!context.hasEntity(entityID)) { return; }
              _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', null);
              context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', null);
              context.enter(modeSelect(context, [entityID]));
            });

            context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', function () {
              if (_mode.id !== 'browse') {
                _map.on('drawn.zoomToEntity', null);
                context.on('enter.zoomToEntity', null);
              }
            });
          };

          var _minEditableZoom = 16;
          context.minEditableZoom = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _minEditableZoom; }
            _minEditableZoom = val;
            if (_connection) {
              _connection.tileZoom(val);
            }
            return context;
          };

          // String length limits in Unicode characters, not JavaScript UTF-16 code units
          context.maxCharsForTagKey = function () { return 255; };
          context.maxCharsForTagValue = function () { return 255; };
          context.maxCharsForRelationRole = function () { return 255; };

          function cleanOsmString(val, maxChars) {
            // be lenient with input
            if (val === undefined || val === null) {
              val = '';
            } else {
              val = val.toString();
            }

            // remove whitespace
            val = val.trim();

            // use the canonical form of the string
            if (val.normalize) { val = val.normalize('NFC'); }

            // trim to the number of allowed characters
            return utilUnicodeCharsTruncated(val, maxChars);
          }
          context.cleanTagKey = function (val) { return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForTagKey()); };
          context.cleanTagValue = function (val) { return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForTagValue()); };
          context.cleanRelationRole = function (val) { return cleanOsmString(val, context.maxCharsForRelationRole()); };


          /* History */
          var _inIntro = false;
          context.inIntro = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _inIntro; }
            _inIntro = val;
            return context;
          };

          // Immediately save the user's history to localstorage, if possible
          // This is called someteimes, but also on the `window.onbeforeunload` handler
          context.save = function () {
            // no history save, no message onbeforeunload
            if (_inIntro || context.container().select('.modal').size()) { return; }

            var canSave;
            if (_mode && _mode.id === 'save') {
              canSave = false;

              // Attempt to prevent user from creating duplicate changes - see #5200
              if (services.osm && services.osm.isChangesetInflight()) {
                _history.clearSaved();
                return;
              }

            } else {
              canSave = context.selectedIDs().every(function (id) {
                var entity = context.hasEntity(id);
                return entity && !entity.isDegenerate();
              });
            }

            if (canSave) {
              _history.save();
            }
            if (_history.hasChanges()) {
              return _t('save.unsaved_changes');
            }
          };

          // Debounce save, since it's a synchronous localStorage write,
          // and history changes can happen frequently (e.g. when dragging).
          context.debouncedSave = debounce(context.save, 350);

          function withDebouncedSave(fn) {
            return function() {
              var result = fn.apply(_history, arguments);
              context.debouncedSave();
              return result;
            };
          }


          /* Graph */
          context.hasEntity = function (id) { return _history.graph().hasEntity(id); };
          context.entity = function (id) { return _history.graph().entity(id); };


          /* Modes */
          var _mode;
          context.mode = function () { return _mode; };
          context.enter = function (newMode) {
            if (_mode) {
              _mode.exit();
              dispatch$1.call('exit', this$1, _mode);
            }

            _mode = newMode;
            _mode.enter();
            dispatch$1.call('enter', this$1, _mode);
          };

          context.selectedIDs = function () { return (_mode && _mode.selectedIDs && _mode.selectedIDs()) || []; };
          context.activeID = function () { return _mode && _mode.activeID && _mode.activeID(); };

          var _selectedNoteID;
          context.selectedNoteID = function(noteID) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _selectedNoteID; }
            _selectedNoteID = noteID;
            return context;
          };

          // NOTE: Don't change the name of this until UI v3 is merged
          var _selectedErrorID;
          context.selectedErrorID = function(errorID) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _selectedErrorID; }
            _selectedErrorID = errorID;
            return context;
          };


          /* Behaviors */
          context.install = function (behavior) { return context.surface().call(behavior); };
          context.uninstall = function (behavior) { return context.surface().call(behavior.off); };


          /* Copy/Paste */
          var _copyGraph;
          context.copyGraph = function () { return _copyGraph; };

          var _copyIDs = [];
          context.copyIDs = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _copyIDs; }
            _copyIDs = val;
            _copyGraph = _history.graph();
            return context;
          };

          var _copyLonLat;
          context.copyLonLat = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _copyLonLat; }
            _copyLonLat = val;
            return context;
          };


          /* Background */
          var _background;
          context.background = function () { return _background; };


          /* Features */
          var _features;
          context.features = function () { return _features; };
          context.hasHiddenConnections = function (id) {
            var graph = _history.graph();
            var entity = graph.entity(id);
            return _features.hasHiddenConnections(entity, graph);
          };


          /* Photos */
          var _photos;
          context.photos = function () { return _photos; };


          /* Map */
          var _map;
          context.map = function () { return _map; };
          context.layers = function () { return _map.layers(); };
          context.surface = function () { return _map.surface; };
          context.editableDataEnabled = function () { return _map.editableDataEnabled(); };
          context.surfaceRect = function () { return _map.surface.node().getBoundingClientRect(); };
          context.editable = function () {
            // don't allow editing during save
            var mode = context.mode();
            if (!mode || mode.id === 'save') { return false; }
            return _map.editableDataEnabled();
          };


          /* Debug */
          var _debugFlags = {
            tile: false,        // tile boundaries
            collision: false,   // label collision bounding boxes
            imagery: false,     // imagery bounding polygons
            target: false,      // touch targets
            downloaded: false   // downloaded data from osm
          };
          context.debugFlags = function () { return _debugFlags; };
          context.getDebug = function (flag) { return flag && _debugFlags[flag]; };
          context.setDebug = function(flag, val) {
            if (arguments.length === 1) { val = true; }
            _debugFlags[flag] = val;
            dispatch$1.call('change');
            return context;
          };


          /* Container */
          var _container = select(null);
          context.container = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _container; }
            _container = val;
            _container.classed('ideditor', true);
            return context;
          };
          context.containerNode = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return context.container().node(); }
            context.container(select(val));
            return context;
          };

          var _embed;
          context.embed = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _embed; }
            _embed = val;
            return context;
          };


          /* Assets */
          var _assetPath = '';
          context.assetPath = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _assetPath; }
            _assetPath = val;
            _mainFileFetcher.assetPath(val);
            return context;
          };

          var _assetMap = {};
          context.assetMap = function(val) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return _assetMap; }
            _assetMap = val;
            _mainFileFetcher.assetMap(val);
            return context;
          };

          context.asset = function (val) {
            if (/^http(s)?:\/\//i.test(val)) { return val; }
            var filename = _assetPath + val;
            return _assetMap[filename] || filename;
          };

          context.imagePath = function (val) { return context.asset(("img/" + val)); };


          /* reset (aka flush) */
          context.reset = context.flush = function () {
            context.debouncedSave.cancel();

            Array.from(_deferred).forEach(function (handle) {
              window.cancelIdleCallback(handle);
              _deferred.delete(handle);
            });

            Object.values(services).forEach(function (service) {
              if (service && typeof service.reset === 'function') {
                service.reset(context);
              }
            });

            context.changeset = null;

            _validator.reset();
            _features.reset();
            _history.reset();
            _uploader.reset();

            // don't leave stale state in the inspector
            context.container().select('.inspector-wrap *').remove();

            return context;
          };


          /* Projections */
          context.projection = geoRawMercator();
          context.curtainProjection = geoRawMercator();


          /* Init */
          context.init = function () {

            instantiateInternal();

            initializeDependents();

            return context;

            // Load variables and properties. No property of `context` should be accessed
            // until this is complete since load statuses are indeterminate. The order
            // of instantiation shouldn't matter.
            function instantiateInternal() {

              _history = coreHistory(context);
              context.graph = _history.graph;
              context.pauseChangeDispatch = _history.pauseChangeDispatch;
              context.resumeChangeDispatch = _history.resumeChangeDispatch;
              context.perform = withDebouncedSave(_history.perform);
              context.replace = withDebouncedSave(_history.replace);
              context.pop = withDebouncedSave(_history.pop);
              context.overwrite = withDebouncedSave(_history.overwrite);
              context.undo = withDebouncedSave(_history.undo);
              context.redo = withDebouncedSave(_history.redo);

              _validator = coreValidator(context);
              _uploader = coreUploader(context);

              _background = rendererBackground(context);
              _features = rendererFeatures(context);
              _map = rendererMap(context);
              _photos = rendererPhotos(context);

              _ui = uiInit(context);
            }

            // Set up objects that might need to access properties of `context`. The order
            // might matter if dependents make calls to each other. Be wary of async calls.
            function initializeDependents() {

              if (context.initialHashParams.presets) {
                _mainPresetIndex.addablePresetIDs(new Set(context.initialHashParams.presets.split(',')));
              }

              if (context.initialHashParams.locale) {
                _mainLocalizer.preferredLocaleCodes(context.initialHashParams.locale);
              }

              // kick off some async work
              _mainLocalizer.ensureLoaded();
              _background.ensureLoaded();
              _mainPresetIndex.ensureLoaded();

              Object.values(services).forEach(function (service) {
                if (service && typeof service.init === 'function') {
                  service.init();
                }
              });

              _map.init();
              _validator.init();
              _features.init();
              _photos.init();

              if (services.maprules && context.initialHashParams.maprules) {
                d3_json(context.initialHashParams.maprules)
                  .then(function (mapcss) {
                    services.maprules.init();
                    mapcss.forEach(function (mapcssSelector) { return services.maprules.addRule(mapcssSelector); });
                  })
                  .catch(function () { /* ignore */ });
              }

              // if the container isn't available, e.g. when testing, don't load the UI
              if (!context.container().empty()) { _ui.ensureLoaded(); }
            }
          };


          return context;
        }

        // When `debug = true`, we use `Object.freeze` on immutables in iD.
        // This is only done in testing because of the performance penalty.
        var debug = false;
        var d3 = {
          customEvent: customEvent,
          dispatch:  dispatch,
          event:  event,
          geoMercator: mercator,
          geoProjection: projection,
          polygonArea: d3_polygonArea,
          polygonCentroid: d3_polygonCentroid,
          select: select,
          selectAll: selectAll,
          timerFlush: timerFlush
        };

        var iD = /*#__PURE__*/Object.freeze({
                __proto__: null,
                debug: debug,
                d3: d3,
                actionAddEntity: actionAddEntity,
                actionAddMember: actionAddMember,
                actionAddMidpoint: actionAddMidpoint,
                actionAddVertex: actionAddVertex,
                actionChangeMember: actionChangeMember,
                actionChangePreset: actionChangePreset,
                actionChangeTags: actionChangeTags,
                actionCircularize: actionCircularize,
                actionConnect: actionConnect,
                actionCopyEntities: actionCopyEntities,
                actionDeleteMember: actionDeleteMember,
                actionDeleteMultiple: actionDeleteMultiple,
                actionDeleteNode: actionDeleteNode,
                actionDeleteRelation: actionDeleteRelation,
                actionDeleteWay: actionDeleteWay,
                actionDiscardTags: actionDiscardTags,
                actionDisconnect: actionDisconnect,
                actionExtract: actionExtract,
                actionJoin: actionJoin,
                actionMerge: actionMerge,
                actionMergeNodes: actionMergeNodes,
                actionMergePolygon: actionMergePolygon,
                actionMergeRemoteChanges: actionMergeRemoteChanges,
                actionMove: actionMove,
                actionMoveMember: actionMoveMember,
                actionMoveNode: actionMoveNode,
                actionNoop: actionNoop,
                actionOrthogonalize: actionOrthogonalize,
                actionRestrictTurn: actionRestrictTurn,
                actionReverse: actionReverse,
                actionRevert: actionRevert,
                actionRotate: actionRotate,
                actionSplit: actionSplit,
                actionStraightenNodes: actionStraightenNodes,
                actionStraightenWay: actionStraightenWay,
                actionUnrestrictTurn: actionUnrestrictTurn,
                actionReflect: actionReflect,
                actionUpgradeTags: actionUpgradeTags,
                behaviorAddWay: behaviorAddWay,
                behaviorBreathe: behaviorBreathe,
                behaviorDrag: behaviorDrag,
                behaviorDrawWay: behaviorDrawWay,
                behaviorDraw: behaviorDraw,
                behaviorEdit: behaviorEdit,
                behaviorHash: behaviorHash,
                behaviorHover: behaviorHover,
                behaviorLasso: behaviorLasso,
                behaviorOperation: behaviorOperation,
                behaviorPaste: behaviorPaste,
                behaviorSelect: behaviorSelect,
                coreContext: coreContext,
                coreFileFetcher: coreFileFetcher,
                fileFetcher: _mainFileFetcher,
                coreDifference: coreDifference,
                coreGraph: coreGraph,
                coreHistory: coreHistory,
                coreLocalizer: coreLocalizer,
                t: _t,
                localizer: _mainLocalizer,
                prefs: corePreferences,
                coreTree: coreTree,
                coreUploader: coreUploader,
                coreValidator: coreValidator,
                geoExtent: geoExtent,
                geoLatToMeters: geoLatToMeters,
                geoLonToMeters: geoLonToMeters,
                geoMetersToLat: geoMetersToLat,
                geoMetersToLon: geoMetersToLon,
                geoMetersToOffset: geoMetersToOffset,
                geoOffsetToMeters: geoOffsetToMeters,
                geoScaleToZoom: geoScaleToZoom,
                geoSphericalClosestNode: geoSphericalClosestNode,
                geoSphericalDistance: geoSphericalDistance,
                geoZoomToScale: geoZoomToScale,
                geoAngle: geoAngle,
                geoChooseEdge: geoChooseEdge,
                geoEdgeEqual: geoEdgeEqual,
                geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle: geoGetSmallestSurroundingRectangle,
                geoHasLineIntersections: geoHasLineIntersections,
                geoHasSelfIntersections: geoHasSelfIntersections,
                geoRotate: geoRotate,
                geoLineIntersection: geoLineIntersection,
                geoPathHasIntersections: geoPathHasIntersections,
                geoPathIntersections: geoPathIntersections,
                geoPathLength: geoPathLength,
                geoPointInPolygon: geoPointInPolygon,
                geoPolygonContainsPolygon: geoPolygonContainsPolygon,
                geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon: geoPolygonIntersectsPolygon,
                geoViewportEdge: geoViewportEdge,
                geoRawMercator: geoRawMercator,
                geoVecAdd: geoVecAdd,
                geoVecAngle: geoVecAngle,
                geoVecCross: geoVecCross,
                geoVecDot: geoVecDot,
                geoVecEqual: geoVecEqual,
                geoVecFloor: geoVecFloor,
                geoVecInterp: geoVecInterp,
                geoVecLength: geoVecLength,
                geoVecLengthSquare: geoVecLengthSquare,
                geoVecNormalize: geoVecNormalize,
                geoVecNormalizedDot: geoVecNormalizedDot,
                geoVecProject: geoVecProject,
                geoVecSubtract: geoVecSubtract,
                geoVecScale: geoVecScale,
                geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct: geoOrthoNormalizedDotProduct,
                geoOrthoCalcScore: geoOrthoCalcScore,
                geoOrthoMaxOffsetAngle: geoOrthoMaxOffsetAngle,
                geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize: geoOrthoCanOrthogonalize,
                modeAddArea: modeAddArea,
                modeAddLine: modeAddLine,
                modeAddPoint: modeAddPoint,
                modeAddNote: modeAddNote,
                modeBrowse: modeBrowse,
                modeDragNode: modeDragNode,
                modeDragNote: modeDragNote,
                modeDrawArea: modeDrawArea,
                modeDrawLine: modeDrawLine,
                modeMove: modeMove,
                modeRotate: modeRotate,
                modeSave: modeSave,
                modeSelect: modeSelect,
                modeSelectData: modeSelectData,
                modeSelectError: modeSelectError,
                modeSelectNote: modeSelectNote,
                operationCircularize: operationCircularize,
                operationContinue: operationContinue,
                operationCopy: operationCopy,
                operationDelete: operationDelete,
                operationDisconnect: operationDisconnect,
                operationDowngrade: operationDowngrade,
                operationExtract: operationExtract,
                operationMerge: operationMerge,
                operationMove: operationMove,
                operationOrthogonalize: operationOrthogonalize,
                operationPaste: operationPaste,
                operationReflectShort: operationReflectShort,
                operationReflectLong: operationReflectLong,
                operationReverse: operationReverse,
                operationRotate: operationRotate,
                operationSplit: operationSplit,
                operationStraighten: operationStraighten,
                osmChangeset: osmChangeset,
                osmEntity: osmEntity,
                osmNode: osmNode,
                osmNote: osmNote,
                osmRelation: osmRelation,
                osmWay: osmWay,
                QAItem: QAItem,
                osmIntersection: osmIntersection,
                osmTurn: osmTurn,
                osmInferRestriction: osmInferRestriction,
                osmLanes: osmLanes,
                osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation: osmOldMultipolygonOuterMemberOfRelation,
                osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember: osmIsOldMultipolygonOuterMember,
                osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember: osmOldMultipolygonOuterMember,
                osmJoinWays: osmJoinWays,
                get osmAreaKeys () { return osmAreaKeys; },
                osmSetAreaKeys: osmSetAreaKeys,
                osmTagSuggestingArea: osmTagSuggestingArea,
                get osmPointTags () { return osmPointTags; },
                osmSetPointTags: osmSetPointTags,
                get osmVertexTags () { return osmVertexTags; },
                osmSetVertexTags: osmSetVertexTags,
                osmNodeGeometriesForTags: osmNodeGeometriesForTags,
                osmOneWayTags: osmOneWayTags,
                osmPavedTags: osmPavedTags,
                osmIsInterestingTag: osmIsInterestingTag,
                osmRoutableHighwayTagValues: osmRoutableHighwayTagValues,
                osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues: osmFlowingWaterwayTagValues,
                osmRailwayTrackTagValues: osmRailwayTrackTagValues,
                presetCategory: presetCategory,
                presetCollection: presetCollection,
                presetField: presetField,
                presetPreset: presetPreset,
                presetManager: _mainPresetIndex,
                presetIndex: presetIndex,
                rendererBackgroundSource: rendererBackgroundSource,
                rendererBackground: rendererBackground,
                rendererFeatures: rendererFeatures,
                rendererMap: rendererMap,
                rendererPhotos: rendererPhotos,
                rendererTileLayer: rendererTileLayer,
                services: services,
                serviceKeepRight: serviceKeepRight,
                serviceImproveOSM: serviceImproveOSM,
                serviceOsmose: serviceOsmose,
                serviceMapillary: serviceMapillary,
                serviceMapRules: serviceMapRules,
                serviceNominatim: serviceNominatim,
                serviceOpenstreetcam: serviceOpenstreetcam,
                serviceOsm: serviceOsm,
                serviceOsmWikibase: serviceOsmWikibase,
                serviceStreetside: serviceStreetside,
                serviceTaginfo: serviceTaginfo,
                serviceVectorTile: serviceVectorTile,
                serviceWikidata: serviceWikidata,
                serviceWikipedia: serviceWikipedia,
                svgAreas: svgAreas,
                svgData: svgData,
                svgDebug: svgDebug,
                svgDefs: svgDefs,
                svgKeepRight: svgKeepRight,
                svgIcon: svgIcon,
                svgGeolocate: svgGeolocate,
                svgLabels: svgLabels,
                svgLayers: svgLayers,
                svgLines: svgLines,
                svgMapillaryImages: svgMapillaryImages,
                svgMapillarySigns: svgMapillarySigns,
                svgMidpoints: svgMidpoints,
                svgNotes: svgNotes,
                svgMarkerSegments: svgMarkerSegments,
                svgOpenstreetcamImages: svgOpenstreetcamImages,
                svgOsm: svgOsm,
                svgPassiveVertex: svgPassiveVertex,
                svgPath: svgPath,
                svgPointTransform: svgPointTransform,
                svgPoints: svgPoints,
                svgRelationMemberTags: svgRelationMemberTags,
                svgSegmentWay: svgSegmentWay,
                svgStreetside: svgStreetside,
                svgTagClasses: svgTagClasses,
                svgTagPattern: svgTagPattern,
                svgTouch: svgTouch,
                svgTurns: svgTurns,
                svgVertices: svgVertices,
                uiFieldDefaultCheck: uiFieldCheck,
                uiFieldOnewayCheck: uiFieldCheck,
                uiFieldCheck: uiFieldCheck,
                uiFieldMultiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
                uiFieldNetworkCombo: uiFieldCombo,
                uiFieldSemiCombo: uiFieldCombo,
                uiFieldTypeCombo: uiFieldCombo,
                uiFieldCombo: uiFieldCombo,
                uiFieldUrl: uiFieldText,
                uiFieldIdentifier: uiFieldText,
                uiFieldNumber: uiFieldText,
                uiFieldTel: uiFieldText,
                uiFieldEmail: uiFieldText,
                uiFieldText: uiFieldText,
                uiFieldAccess: uiFieldAccess,
                uiFieldAddress: uiFieldAddress,
                uiFieldCycleway: uiFieldCycleway,
                uiFieldLanes: uiFieldLanes,
                uiFieldLocalized: uiFieldLocalized,
                uiFieldMaxspeed: uiFieldMaxspeed,
                uiFieldStructureRadio: uiFieldRadio,
                uiFieldRadio: uiFieldRadio,
                uiFieldRestrictions: uiFieldRestrictions,
                uiFieldTextarea: uiFieldTextarea,
                uiFieldWikidata: uiFieldWikidata,
                uiFieldWikipedia: uiFieldWikipedia,
                uiFields: uiFields,
                uiIntro: uiIntro,
                uiPanelBackground: uiPanelBackground,
                uiPanelHistory: uiPanelHistory,
                uiPanelLocation: uiPanelLocation,
                uiPanelMeasurement: uiPanelMeasurement,
                uiInfoPanels: uiInfoPanels,
                uiPaneBackground: uiPaneBackground,
                uiPaneHelp: uiPaneHelp,
                uiPaneIssues: uiPaneIssues,
                uiPaneMapData: uiPaneMapData,
                uiPanePreferences: uiPanePreferences,
                uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions: uiSectionBackgroundDisplayOptions,
                uiSectionBackgroundList: uiSectionBackgroundList,
                uiSectionBackgroundOffset: uiSectionBackgroundOffset,
                uiSectionChanges: uiSectionChanges,
                uiSectionDataLayers: uiSectionDataLayers,
                uiSectionEntityIssues: uiSectionEntityIssues,
                uiSectionFeatureType: uiSectionFeatureType,
                uiSectionMapFeatures: uiSectionMapFeatures,
                uiSectionMapStyleOptions: uiSectionMapStyleOptions,
                uiSectionOverlayList: uiSectionOverlayList,
                uiSectionPhotoOverlays: uiSectionPhotoOverlays,
                uiSectionPresetFields: uiSectionPresetFields,
                uiSectionPrivacy: uiSectionPrivacy,
                uiSectionRawMemberEditor: uiSectionRawMemberEditor,
                uiSectionRawMembershipEditor: uiSectionRawMembershipEditor,
                uiSectionRawTagEditor: uiSectionRawTagEditor,
                uiSectionSelectionList: uiSectionSelectionList,
                uiSectionValidationIssues: uiSectionValidationIssues,
                uiSectionValidationOptions: uiSectionValidationOptions,
                uiSectionValidationRules: uiSectionValidationRules,
                uiSectionValidationStatus: uiSectionValidationStatus,
                uiSettingsCustomBackground: uiSettingsCustomBackground,
                uiSettingsCustomData: uiSettingsCustomData,
                uiInit: uiInit,
                uiAccount: uiAccount,
                uiAttribution: uiAttribution,
                uiChangesetEditor: uiChangesetEditor,
                uiCmd: uiCmd,
                uiCombobox: uiCombobox,
                uiCommit: uiCommit,
                uiCommitWarnings: uiCommitWarnings,
                uiConfirm: uiConfirm,
                uiConflicts: uiConflicts,
                uiContributors: uiContributors,
                uiCurtain: uiCurtain,
                uiDataEditor: uiDataEditor,
                uiDataHeader: uiDataHeader,
                uiDisclosure: uiDisclosure,
                uiEditMenu: uiEditMenu,
                uiEntityEditor: uiEntityEditor,
                uiFeatureInfo: uiFeatureInfo,
                uiFeatureList: uiFeatureList,
                uiField: uiField,
                uiFieldHelp: uiFieldHelp,
                uiFlash: uiFlash,
                uiFormFields: uiFormFields,
                uiFullScreen: uiFullScreen,
                uiGeolocate: uiGeolocate,
                uiImproveOsmComments: uiImproveOsmComments,
                uiImproveOsmDetails: uiImproveOsmDetails,
                uiImproveOsmEditor: uiImproveOsmEditor,
                uiImproveOsmHeader: uiImproveOsmHeader,
                uiInfo: uiInfo,
                uiInspector: uiInspector,
                uiIssuesInfo: uiIssuesInfo,
                uiKeepRightDetails: uiKeepRightDetails,
                uiKeepRightEditor: uiKeepRightEditor,
                uiKeepRightHeader: uiKeepRightHeader,
                uiLasso: uiLasso,
                uiLoading: uiLoading,
                uiMapInMap: uiMapInMap,
                uiModal: uiModal,
                uiNotice: uiNotice,
                uiNoteComments: uiNoteComments,
                uiNoteEditor: uiNoteEditor,
                uiNoteHeader: uiNoteHeader,
                uiNoteReport: uiNoteReport,
                uiPopover: uiPopover,
                uiPresetIcon: uiPresetIcon,
                uiPresetList: uiPresetList,
                uiRestore: uiRestore,
                uiScale: uiScale,
                uiSidebar: uiSidebar,
                uiSourceSwitch: uiSourceSwitch,
                uiSpinner: uiSpinner,
                uiSplash: uiSplash,
                uiStatus: uiStatus,
                uiSuccess: uiSuccess,
                uiTagReference: uiTagReference,
                uiToggle: uiToggle,
                uiTooltip: uiTooltip,
                uiVersion: uiVersion,
                uiViewOnOSM: uiViewOnOSM,
                uiViewOnKeepRight: uiViewOnKeepRight,
                uiZoom: uiZoom,
                utilAesEncrypt: utilAesEncrypt,
                utilAesDecrypt: utilAesDecrypt,
                utilArrayChunk: utilArrayChunk,
                utilArrayDifference: utilArrayDifference,
                utilArrayFlatten: utilArrayFlatten,
                utilArrayGroupBy: utilArrayGroupBy,
                utilArrayIdentical: utilArrayIdentical,
                utilArrayIntersection: utilArrayIntersection,
                utilArrayUnion: utilArrayUnion,
                utilArrayUniq: utilArrayUniq,
                utilArrayUniqBy: utilArrayUniqBy,
                utilAsyncMap: utilAsyncMap,
                utilCleanTags: utilCleanTags,
                utilCombinedTags: utilCombinedTags,
                utilDeepMemberSelector: utilDeepMemberSelector,
                utilDetect: utilDetect,
                utilDisplayName: utilDisplayName,
                utilDisplayNameForPath: utilDisplayNameForPath,
                utilDisplayType: utilDisplayType,
                utilDisplayLabel: utilDisplayLabel,
                utilEntityRoot: utilEntityRoot,
                utilEditDistance: utilEditDistance,
                utilEntitySelector: utilEntitySelector,
                utilEntityOrMemberSelector: utilEntityOrMemberSelector,
                utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector: utilEntityOrDeepMemberSelector,
                utilFastMouse: utilFastMouse,
                utilFunctor: utilFunctor,
                utilGetAllNodes: utilGetAllNodes,
                utilGetSetValue: utilGetSetValue,
                utilHashcode: utilHashcode,
                utilHighlightEntities: utilHighlightEntities,
                utilKeybinding: utilKeybinding,
                utilNoAuto: utilNoAuto,
                utilObjectOmit: utilObjectOmit,
                utilPrefixCSSProperty: utilPrefixCSSProperty,
                utilPrefixDOMProperty: utilPrefixDOMProperty,
                utilQsString: utilQsString,
                utilRebind: utilRebind,
                utilSafeClassName: utilSafeClassName,
                utilSetTransform: utilSetTransform,
                utilSessionMutex: utilSessionMutex,
                utilStringQs: utilStringQs,
                utilTagDiff: utilTagDiff,
                utilTagText: utilTagText,
                utilTiler: utilTiler,
                utilTotalExtent: utilTotalExtent,
                utilTriggerEvent: utilTriggerEvent,
                utilUnicodeCharsCount: utilUnicodeCharsCount,
                utilUnicodeCharsTruncated: utilUnicodeCharsTruncated,
                utilUniqueDomId: utilUniqueDomId,
                utilWrap: utilWrap,
                validationAlmostJunction: validationAlmostJunction,
                validationCloseNodes: validationCloseNodes,
                validationCrossingWays: validationCrossingWays,
                validationDisconnectedWay: validationDisconnectedWay,
                validationFormatting: validationFormatting,
                validationHelpRequest: validationHelpRequest,
                validationImpossibleOneway: validationImpossibleOneway,
                validationIncompatibleSource: validationIncompatibleSource,
                validationMaprules: validationMaprules,
                validationMismatchedGeometry: validationMismatchedGeometry,
                validationMissingRole: validationMissingRole,
                validationMissingTag: validationMissingTag,
                validationOutdatedTags: validationOutdatedTags,
                validationPrivateData: validationPrivateData,
                validationSuspiciousName: validationSuspiciousName,
                validationUnsquareWay: validationUnsquareWay
        });

        // polyfill requestIdleCallback
        window.requestIdleCallback = window.requestIdleCallback ||
            function(cb) {
                var start = Date.now();
                return window.requestAnimationFrame(function() {
                    cb({
                        didTimeout: false,
                        timeRemaining: function() {
                            return Math.max(0, 50 - (Date.now() - start));
                        }
                    });
                });
            };

        window.cancelIdleCallback = window.cancelIdleCallback ||
            function(id) {
                window.cancelAnimationFrame(id);
            };
        window.iD = iD;

}());